MLS 


/YY 


■j- 


AMERICAN 


PALAEOZOIC  FOSSILS: 


A  CATALOGUE 


GENERA  AND  SPECIES, 


NAMES  OF  AUTHOBS,  DATES,  PLACES  OF  PUBLICATION  GROUPS  OF  ROOKS  IK  WHICH 
FOUND,  AND  THE  ETYMOLOGY  AND  SIGNIFICATION  OF  THE  WOBDB, 


AN  INTRODUCTION 

DEVOTED  TO  THE  STRATIGBAPHIOAL  GEOLOGY  OF  THE  PAL2BOZOIO  BOOKS, 


BY    S.    A..    MILLBB. 


CINCINNATI,  OHIO: 

PUBLIBHED  BY  THE  AUTHOR,  No.  8  W.  THIRD  ST. 
I877. 


Entered  according  to  act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1877,  by 

S.  A.  MILLER, 
In  the  Office  of  the  Librarian  of  Congress,  at  Washington. 


Cincinnati  Times  Company  Book  and  Job  Rooms. 


PREFACE 


The  Science  of  Geology  rests  upon  the  fossil  contents  of  the  rocks, 
and,  therefore,  there  can  be  but  little  knowledge  'of  the  science  without 
a  knowledge  of  the  fossils.  Every  one  professes  to  take  an  interest  in 
Geology,  although  the  complaint  against  the  technical  names  is  quite 
general.  This  work  may  be  regarded  as  a  compilation  of  these  technical 
names  in  alphabetical  order,  with  the  signification  of  each,  and  in  this 
respect,  it  is  a  dictionary  adapted  to  the  use  of  every  one,  and  designed 
to  remove  the  objections  against  the  hard  words  used  in  the  science.  The 
references  to  authors  and  publications  are  for  the  special  benefit  of  the 
describers  of  fossils  and  the  students  of  palaeontology,  while  the  Groups  of 
rocks  are  given  for  the  convenience  of  collectors  and  students  generally. 
The  general  plan  of  the  work  will  be,  at  once,  apparent  to  the  reader; 
a  few  remarks,  however,  in  regard  thereto,  may  not  be  inappropriate. 

The  state  of  the  science,  at  this  time,  does  not  admit  of  a  very  great 
degree  of  certainty  in  the  arrangement  of  Palaeozoic  Fossils  into  fami- 
lies; such  arrangement  must,  therefore,  be  regarded  as  more  or  less  pro- 
visional. And,  in  this  work,  where  a  class  could  not  be  arranged  into 
families  already  limited  and  defined,  with  approximate  correctness,  the 
attempt  has  been  omitted.  No  new  families  have  been  proposed,  with 
the  exception  of  three  names,  followed  by  the  provisional  interrogation 
point  in  the  Class  Echinodermata.  The  new  family  names  in  the  Class 
Lamellibranchiata  are  used  by  Prof.  James  Hall  in  the  fifth  volume  of  the 
Palaeontology  of  New  York. 

Each  generic  name  is  followed  by  the  name  of  the  author,  the  date 
of  the  first  publication,  the  title  of  the  book  in  which  it  first  appeared, 
which  is  generally  abbreviated,  and  the  etymology  of  the  word,  which  is 
included  within  brackets.  Valid  names  are  printed  in  Roman  letters. 
Generic  names,  preoccupied,  never  defined,  and  where  the  fossils  are 
unknown  in  American  palaeozoic  rocks,  or  the  names  invalid  for  any 
other  reason,  are  italicized.  The  generic  name  always  begins  with  a 
capital  letter,  whether  it  is  a  valid  or  invalid  name. 

Each  specific  name,  or  as  it  was  formerly,  called  the  trivial  name,  is 
followed  with  the  name  of  the  author,  the  date  of  the  first  publication, 
the  title  of  the  book  in  which  it  appeared,  which  is  generally  abbreviated, 
the  Group  of  rocks  in  which  the  fossil  is  found  when  the  Group  is  known ; 
but  otherwise  the  formation  alone  is  given,  and  the  signification  of  the 


iv 


PREFACE. 


name  included  within  brackets.  The  name  of  the  Group  of  rocks  is 
generally  abbreviated.  Where  the  author,  in  the  first  instance,  referred 
his  species  to  the  wrong  genus,  such  generic  and  specific  name  is 
included  within  parenthesis  immediately  following  the  date  of  the  publi- 
cation. For  instance,  DeWiyris  is  a  synonym  for  Spinfera,  and  many 
species  have  been  erroneously  referred  to  it;  such  are  written  in  this 

manner:  ■; 

Spirifera  arenosa,  Conrad,  1838,   (Delthyns   arenosa),  Ann.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Oriskany  sandstone.    [Sig.  sandy.] 
Specific  names  never  begin  with  capital  letters. 

The  author  has  endeavored  to  quote  from  the  original  publications, 
and  for  kindness  and  assistance  in  obtaining  access  to  them,  he  expresses 
his  obligations  to  Prof.  James  Hall,  of  Albany,  New  York;  Mr.  0.  D. 
Walcott,  of  Trenton  Falls,  New  York ;  Prof.  Leo.  Lesquereux,  of  Columbus, 
Ohio,  and  to  Mr.  Thomas  Vickers,  the  able  and  eflicient  librarian  of  the 
public  library  in  the  city  of  Cincinnati.  A  few  of  the  works  cited,  how- 
ever, were  not  within  reach,  and  the  references  to  these  are  therefore 
second  hand.  In  the  attempt  to  make  the  catalogue  of  names  complete, 
within  the  scope  of  the  work,  the  author  visited  several  libraries  and 
otherwise  used  reasonable  efforts  for  that  purpose,  but  he  has  no  doubt 
that  a  few  names  have  been  omitted.  The  number  of  names  in  the  book 
is  as  follows: 

Generic  names  in  Roman  letters,    -  1,000 

Generic  names  in  Italic  letters, 200 

Specific  names  in  Roman  letters,     -  8,000 

Specific  names  in  Italic  letters, 2,000 

Total  number  of  genera  and  species,  including 

synonyms,  etc., 11,200 

Some  of  the  authors  of  generic  and  specific  names  have  not  been 
familiar  with  the  Latin  and  Greek  languages,  others  have  been  careless 
in  the  exercise  of  their  knowledge  when  forming  the  new  words,  and 
many  names  have  been  misprinted  for  want  of  careful  proof-reading. 
For  these  and  probably  other  reasons,  the  specific  names  under  a  single 
genus  have  been  found  with  masculine,  feminine,  and  neuter  termina- 
tions; no  uniformity  has  existed  in  the  terminations  added  to  proper 
names,  and  words  have  been  otherwise  incorrectly  formed.  So  univer- 
sally have  these  errors  prevailed,  that  the  author  found  in  some  Classes, 
twenty-five  per  cent,  of  the  names  defective.  In  a  conversation  with 
Prof.  E.  W.  Claypole,  of  Antioch  College,  Yellow  Springs,  Ohio,  (a  gentle- 
man thoroughly  learned  in  the  Latin  and  Greek  languages)  shortly  before 
commencing  the  publication,  with  regard  to  the  etymology  of  words,  and 
the  importance  of  following  the  laws  of  language  in  making  the  genders 
of  the  adjective  specific  names  correspond  with  those  of  the  generic 
terms,  he  very  kindly  proffered  his  assistance,  for  the  purpose  of  making 
all  proper  corrections  in  this  regard.  Publication  was  commenced  in 
February,  and  the  proofs  were  sent  to  Prof.  Claypole  as  rapidly  as  the 


PREFACE. 


matter  was  put  in  type  for  his  inspection  and  correction,  but  the  matter 
was  published  so  rapidly  that  it  frequently  went  to  press  before  the 
return  by  mail,  of  his  proof.  The  greater  part  of  the  work,  therefore,  did 
not  have  the  benefit  of  his  revision. 

As  an  illustration,  the  genus  Macrocheilua  has  been  considered 
masculine  by  all  the  authors,  and  consequently  the  specific  names  have 
been  made  masculine.  As  Prof.  Claypole  did  not  read  the  proof,  the 
specific  names  are  published  here  in  the  masculine,  as  the  authors  made 
them;  but  on  his  authority  the  species  under  the  genera  Temnocheilus, 
Solenocheilus,  etc.,  have  been  changed  from  the  masculine  to  the  neuter 
gender.  It  may  be  a  question,  however,  whether  usage  has  not  made 
such  genera  masculine.  No  such  doubt  can  arise  in  the  case  of  the  words 
ending  in  nema  as,  Cyclonema,  Zoxonemay  Dictyonema,  etc.,  which  have 
been  treated  almost  or  quite  uniformly  by  the  authors  as  feminine ;  for 
nema  is  neuter,  in  both  the  Latin  and  the  Greek  languages,  and  there  is 
no  reason  whatever,  for  using  it  as  feminine.  Where  specific  names  have 
been  formed  in  more  genders  than  one  under  a  single  genus,  there  seems 
to  be  no  responsibility  in  correcting  the  errors  and  making  the  specific 
names  correspond  in  gender  with  the  genus,  and  this  has  been  done  in 
several  hundred  instances  in  this  work.  Perfection,  however,  has  not 
been  reached  in  this  publication,  and  for  the  purpose  of  rendering 
greater  assistance  in  that  regard,  the  "Index  of  Genera"  has  been  made 
to  indicate  the  gender  of  each  genus,  so  that  any  one  with  a  little 
knowledge  of  Latin  can  make  the  species  conform  in  gender  with  the 
genus.  The  reader  will  know  that  generic  names  are  usually  coined 
from  Greek  words,  and  specific  names  from  Latin  words  or  proper  names 
with  Latin  terminations. 

In  Latinizing  specific  proper  names,  no  uniformity  has  ever  existed, 
nor  can  the  author  claim  to  have  accomplished  it  in  this  work.  Some 
authors  have  used  the  terminations  ianus,  iana  and  ianum,  while  others 
have  used  anus,  ana  and  anum.  The  first  impression  was  that  the 
former  endings  were  proper,  and  consequently  they  were  used  in  part 
of  this  work;  but  the  best  authors  use  only  the  latter,  and  upon 
reflection  we  were  of  the  opinion  that  the  latter  endings  are  the 
proper  ones,  and  they  were  thereafter  used  in  this  work  exclusively. 
The  reader  is  directed,  therefore,  to  correct  the  proper  names  ending  in 
ianus,  iana  and  ianum,  which  occur,  in  some  instances,  from  the  Polypi 
to  the  Brachiopoda,  by  striking  out  the  letter  i  and  thus  perfect  this  class 
of  words. 

Again,  no  uniformity  exists  in  specific  proper  names  put  in  the  geni- 
tive case  by  adding  the  Latin  ending  i,  where  the  proper  names  end  in 
6,  y,  etc.  There  seems  to  be  no  difficulty  where  the  proper  name  ends  in 
a  consonant,  in  accomplishing  the  desired  purpose  by  adding  a  single  i, 
and  generally  where  words  of  more  than  one  syllable  end  in  e,  the  same 
purpose  may  be  accomplished  by  changing  the  e  to  i\  but  there  are 
words  where  positive  difficulty  exists,  for  instance  ;  Case,  Casey,  White, 
Whity,  Moor,  Moore,  Hoy,  etc.    Some  would  change  the  e  into  i  in  Moore 


PREFACE. 


and  add  i  to  Moor,  so  that  in  each  case  we  would  have  the  same  specific 
name  moori,  and  so  with  White  and  Whity ;  but  there  are  very  strong 
reasons  against  such  action.  In  this  work,  the  words  of  one  syllable 
ending  in  e  have  sometimes  been  written  with  an  i  added,  and  at  other 
times  made  to  end  in  ii,  according  to  the  rules  of  the  British  Associa- 
tion, as  casei  and  casii.  But  the  author  is  of  the  opinion  that  the  single 
letter  i  in  these  words  is  to  be  preferred;  thus  casei,  caseyi,  whitei, 
whityi,  moori,  moorei,  hoyi,  etc.,  for  the  following  reason.  The  use  of 
such  words  is  justified  because  the  men  have  been  in  some  way  useful 
to  the  science,  and  the  preservation  of  their  names  is  part  of  the  history 
of  its  growth,  and  can  be  defended  with  stronger  reason  than  the  use 
of  mythological  names,  even  within  the  limits  warranted  by  the  rules  of 
the  British  Association,  where  a  fanciful  resemblance  is  made  a  test.  A 
man  may  devote  ten,  twenty,  or  thirty  years  of  his  life  to  the  collection 
of  fossils,  or  he  may  devote  as  many  years  to  the  study  and  description 
of  them.  In  either  case  his  services  may  constitute  the  entire  history 
of  the  fossils  of  a  given  locality,  and  in  what  way  can  the  science  be 
better  subserved  than  by  perpetuating  his  name  among  the  fossils  he 
discovered  or  defined  ?  If  the  reason  for  the  use  of  his  name  is  a  good 
one,  it  is  equally  strong  to  use  it  so  that  it  will  not  be  misunderstood,  and 
can  not  be  made  to  represent  an  individual  of  a  different  name.  The  fact 
that  the  name  does  not  readily  assume  a  Latin  form  is  of  slight  weight, 
in  the  opinion  of  the  author,  compared  with  the  preservation  of  the 
history  of  the  science  in  perpetuating  the  names  of  those  who  have 
devoted  themselves  to  discover  and  systematize  it. 

At  the  request  of  the  author,  Prof.  Claypole  has  written  an  essay 
upon  the  rules  of  nomenclature,  for  this  work,  to  which  the  reader  is 
referred  for  further  light  in  the  construction  of  words. 


CONSTRUCTION  OF  SYSTEMATIC  NAMES  IN  PALEONTOLOGY. 

By  PROF.  E.  W.  CLAYPOLE,  B.  A.,  B.  Sc,  (London),  Antioeh  College,  Yellow  Springs,  Ohio. 


The  Latin  language  is  universally  adopted  in  the  scientific  world  for 
naming  species,  fossil  and  recent,  in  both  the  Animal  and  Vegetable 
Kingdoms.  Linnaeus  introduced  the  plan  of  limiting  the  name  of  a  species 
to  two  words,  the  former  of  which  was  generic  and  the  latter  specific,  and 
of  making  these  terms  in  their  formation  comply  with  the  rules  of  the 
Latin  tongue.  Since  his  time,  this  plan  has  become  the  rule.  At  first, 
terms  were  chosen  expressing  the  character  or  characters  which  define 
the  genus  or  species,  and  such  names  constitute  the  perfection  of 
scientific  nomenclature.  But  even  Linnaeus  soon  found  it  impossible  to 
maintain  this  standard,  and  himself  resorted  to  Homer's  Iliad  to  find 
names  with  which  to  christen  the  butterflies  that  thronged  in  upon  him. 
Hence  we  have  Troilus,  Danaus,  Philenor,  <fec.  Such  names  are  mere  arbi- 
trary, meaningless  counters  attached  to  the  objects  and  only  tenable  by 
an  act  of  memory.  They  recall  no  character  and  are  recalled  by  none. 
Hence  they  are  inferior  to  the  former  class  of  names.  But  if  in  Linnaeus' 
day  their  necessity  was  evident,  much  more  so  is  it  to-day,  when  almost 
every  language  and  lexicon  have  been  ransacked  to  find  unpreoccupied 
names  for  the  hosts  of  natural  objects  for  which  they  are  required.  In  some 
large  genera,  such  for  instance  as  Orthoceras,  Orthis  and  Rhynchonella, 
it  has  become  exceedingly  difficult  to  coin  descriptive  names  which  have 
not  been  already  thrown  into  circulation  by  some  other  author.  This 
will  be  evident  to  any  reader  in  the  number  of  specific  names  in  the 
catalogue  marked  "preoccupied,"  and  one  object  is  to  provide  a  remedy 
for  the  difficulty  by  enabling  any  one  to  see  at  a  glance  whether  or  not 
any  proposed  name  has  been  previously  published  by  any  American, 
and  to  some  extent,  by  any  European  author. 

The  conventional  Latin  of  the  Sciences  differs  somewhat  from  the 
classical  Latin  of  the  schools.  As  a  dead  language,  Latin  is  free  from  the 
changes  to  which  all  living  languages  are  subject,  and  as  the  most  widely 
studied  of  the  dead  languages,  it  forms  an  excellent  means  of  communi- 
cation between  men  of  science  in  different  countries.  Words  and  com- 
binations of  letters  have,  however,  been  introduced  alien  to  the  genius 
of  the  language,  and  some  of  them  most  barbarous  and  unmusical. 


*  NOTE.— This  paper  has  been  prepared  at  the  request  of  Mr.  S.  A.  Miller,  the  author  of  the 
American  Palaeozoic  Fossils,  and  with  the  view  of  giving  some  assistance  to  palseontological 
students  and  workers,  in  avoiding  errors  and  improving  the  nomenclature  of  science.      E.  W.  C. 


viii        CONSTRUCTION  OF  SYSTEMATIC  NAMES  IN  PALAEONTOLOGY. 

Indeed  their  introduction  cannot  well  be  opposed,  as  they  often  offer 
useful  characters.  But  the  laws  of  Latin  should  nevertheless  control 
their  formation.  They  should  be  made,  as  nearly  as  possible,  what  the 
Roman  would  have  made  them  had  they  been  introduced  from  outside 
into  the  language  while  yet  living.  In  this  way  no  violence  is  done  to  it, 
and  in  all  countries  words  will  be  formed  in  a  similar  manner. 

In  the  year  1862,  a  committee  of  the  British  Association  for  the 
Advancement  of  Science,  published  a  set  of  rules  and  recommendations 
on  the  subject  of  Scientific  nomenclature,  the  former  of  which  may  be 
said  to  be  a  summary  of  the  practice  of  the  best  scientific  writers  in  all 
lands,  and  therefore  binding,  and  the  latter  have  been,  with  a  few  ex- 
ceptions, almost  universally  adopted.  Thus,  alluding  to  the  point 
above  mentioned,  the  committee  in  its  "  Recommendations  "  says  : 

b.  Barbarous  names. — Some  authors  protest  strongly  against  the  introduction  of  exotic 
words  into  our  Latin  nomenclature;  others  defend  the  practice  with  equal  warmth.  We 
may  remark,  first,  that  the  practice  is  not  contrary  to  classical  usage,  for  the  Greeks 
and  Romans  did  occasionally,  though  with  reluctance,  introduce  barbarous  words  in  a 
modified  form  into  their  respective  languages.  Secondly,  the  preservation  of  the  trivial 
names  which  animals  bear  in  their  native  countries  is  often  of  great  use  to  the  traveler,  in 
aiding  him  to  discover  and  identify  species.  We  do  not,  therefore,  consider,  if  such 
words  have  a  Latin  termination  given  to  them,  that  the  occasional  and  judicious  use  of 
them  as  scientific  terms  can  be  justly  objected  to. 

In  addition  to  drawing  up  a  mere  list  of  the  North  American  Palaeo- 
zoic Fossils,  an  attempt  has  been  made  to  give  some  help  to  the  many 
workers  in  the  palaeontological  field  towards  rightly  naming  their 
fossils  at  the  outset.  A  mistake  once  in  print  is  very  difficult  to 
eradicate.  It  reappears,  it  crops  out  in  some  unexpected  place  and  with 
every  reappearance  has  a  new  lease  of  life.  Few  who  have  not  made 
some  study  of  the  subject  have  any  conception  of  the  confusion  now 
existing  in  the  nomenclature  of  science.  The  errors  are  of  two  kinds — 
scientific  and  grammatical.  To  such  a  length  has  synonymy  or  the  giving 
of  different  names  to  the  same  species  now  arrived,  that  it  not  unfre- 
quently  happens  that  the  common  English  name  is  more  definite  and 
vivid,  and  therefore  more  useful  than  the  Scientific.  Read,  for  instance, 
the  twelve  different  names  which  have  been  given  to  the  common  Chain 
Coral,  from  Fougt,  in  1765,  to  Bronn,  in  1835.  This,  in  many  cases,  arises 
from  mistaken  identification,  which  with  all  care  must  sometimes  hap- 
pen, but  it  arises  in  a  still  greater  degree  from  the  impossibility  of  learn- 
ing what  species  have  been  found  and  what  names  have  been  given, 
when  they  were  given  and  by  whom. 

Another  source  of  confusion  is  the  erroneous  nomenclature  often 
adopted.  All  whose  duty  calls  them  to  the  study  of  palaeontology  are 
not,  and  cannot  be,  classical  scholars,  and  consequently  not  a  few  names 
are  formed  in  violation  of  the  recognised  rules  of  language.  Some  errors 
of  this  kind  have  been  corrected  and  a  few  rules  are  appended  to  aid 
in  preventing  others. 

o.     Corrupted  words.— In  the  construction  of  compound  Latin  words,  there  are  certain 
grammatical  rules  which  have  been  known,  and  acted  on  for  two  thousand  years,  and 


CONSTRUCTION  OF  SYSTEMATIC  NAMES  IN  PALAEONTOLOGY.  ix 

which  a  naturalist  is  bound  to  acquaint  himself  with  before  he  tries  his  skill  in  coining 
zoological  terms.  One  of  the  chief  of  these  rules  is,  that  in  compounding  words,  all  the 
radical  or  essential  parts  of  the  constituent  members  must  be  retained,  and  no  change 
made  except  in  the  variable  terminations.  But  several  generic  names  have  been  lately 
introduced  which  run  counter  to  this  rule,  and  form  most  unsightly  objects  to  all  who  are 
conversant  with  the  spirit  of  the  Latin  language.  A  name  made  up  of  the  first  half  of 
one  word,  and  the  last  half  of  another,  is  as  deformed  a  monster  in  nomenclature  as  a 
mermaid  or  a  centaur  would  be  in  zoology ;  yet  we  find  examples  in  the  names  Corcorax, 
(from  Corvus  and  Pyrrhocorax),  Cypsnagra  (from  Cypselus  and  Tanagra),  Merulaxis  (Merula 
and  Lynallaxis),  Loxigilla  (from  Loxia  and  Fringilla),  etc.  In  other  cases,  when  the  com- 
mencement of  both  the  simple  words  is  retained  in  the  compound,  a  fault  is  still  committed 
by  cutting  off  too  much  of  the  radical  and  vital  portions,  as  is  the  case  in  Bucorvus  (from 
Buceros  and  Corvus),  Ninox  (Nisus  and  Noctua),  etc. 

I.  Adjective  generic  names. — The  names  of  genera  are,  in  all  cases,  essentially  substan- 
tive, and  hence  adjective  terms  can  not  be  employed  for  them  without  doing  violence  to 
grammar.  The  generic  names  of  Hians,  Criniger,  Cursorius,  Nitidula,  etc.,  are  examples  of 
this  incorrect  usage. — Recommendations. 

If  a  writer  is  unable  to  coin  such  a  generic  term  •without  falling  into 
these  of  other  errors,  it  would  be  wise  to  abandon  the  attempt  and  form 
one  in  another  manner. 

RULES  FOR  THE  FORMATION  OF  NEW  NAMES  IN  FAL2E0NT0L0GY. 

a.  Gender  of  generic  terms. — A  generic  name  should  always  be  of 
that  gender  which  the  laws  of  the  language  from  which  it  is  taken 
demand.  Definite  rules  cannot  well  be  laid  down,  because  the  practice 
of  various  languages  differs  on  this  point.  In  general,  where  no  change 
is  made  in  the  termination  of  the  word  which  forms  the  end  of  a  new 
name,  the  gender  of  that  word  will  determine  that  of  the  name.  Thus, 
the  words,  stoma,  a  mouth,  and  ceras,  a  horn,  are  both,  in  Greek,  of  the 
neuter  gender ;  and,  consequently,  all  the  many  compounds  ending  with 
these  words,  such  as  Orthoceras,  Platystoma,  etc.,  must  be  of  that  gender 
also,  and  have  corresponding  specific  adjective  terms.  If  the  first 
founder  of  a  genus  were  to  take  the  pains  to  ascertain  the  right  gender 
of  his  new  name,  and  make  his  adjective  terms  accordingly,  many  errors 
would  be  avoided,  for  subsequent  authors,  apparently  without  a  thought, 
in  establishing  a  new  species,  coin  a  specific  name  of  the  same  gender  as 
that  originally  published,  and  thus  perpetuate  and  increase  error.  For 
example,  the  word  desma,  a  bond,  like  almost  all  Greek  words  ending  in 
ma,  is  of  the  neuter  gender;  and  yet,  in  a  work  standing  so  high  as 
Woodward's  Mollusca,  we  find  Lyro desma  plana,  followed  shortly  after- 
wards by  Cochlodesma  praetenue. 

b.  Gender  of  specific  terms. — Every  specific  name  must  agree  in 
gender  with  that  of  the  genus  to  which  it  belongs;  and  yet,  owing  to  the 
above  and  several  other  causes,  this  rule  is  incessantly  overlooked  or 
violated,  even  by  writers  whose  classical  attainments  are  beyond  doubt. 
In  few,  if  any,  large  genera  do  we  fail  to  find  two,  if  not  all,  the  three 
genders  among  the  specific  names.  For  instance,  in  the  genus  Recepta- 
culites  we  have  Receptaculites  fungosum,  R.globulare,  R.  formosus,  R. 


CONSTRUCTION  OF  SYSTEMATIC  NAMES  IN  PALEONTOLOGY. 


reticulata.  Such  terms,  being  mere  errors,  pure  and  simple,  and  involv- 
ing no  disputed  or  debatable  point,  may  be  reduced  to  accord  without 
difficulty. 

c.  Latin  and  Greek  terminations.— The  addition  of  these  termina- 
tions to  old  words  often  requires  a  previous  change  in  those  words  the 
following  rules  are  offered  as  some  assistance  to  those  whose  time  does 
not  allow  the  consultation  of  authorities,  scientific  and  linguistic.  It  is 
not  always  easy  for  even  a  classical  scholar  to  determine  off-hand  how 
the  Greeks  or  Romans  would  have  made  a  word,  had  it  been  coined  by 
them  while  their  languages  were  still  living.  Much  examination  and 
collection  of  examples  is  necessary  before  certainty  can  be  reached,  and 
in  a  few  cases  some  doubt  may  then  remain.  These  cases  are,  however, 
very  few,  especially  as  the  terminations  employed  in  palasontology  are 
not  numerous.  The  following  rules  will  probably  suffice  to  enable  any 
one  with  an  elementary  knowledge  of  the  classic  tongues  to  form  cor- 
rectly a  new  specific  term,  but  nothing  can  give  full  immunity  from 
risk  of  error  where  some  such  knowledge  is  not  possessed. 

— alis.  This  Latin  termination,  implying  resemblance,  is  seldom 
used,  except  in  words  already  compounded  in  Greek  and  Latin,  and  when 
otherwise,  it  must  be  annexed  to  the  stem  of  the  word,  as  rectilateralis, 
quadrilateralis. 

— anus.  This  Latin  termination  implies  resemblance  or  association, 
and  may  be  added  to  proper  names,  personal  or  local  ;  though  in  science 
its  use  is  almost  confined  to  the  former.  If  the  word  be  capable  of  tak- 
ing a  classic  form,  the  termination  should  be  simply  annexed  to  the  stem 
as  Linnaeus,  linnaeanus;  Lesquereux,  (lescuria)  lescurianus;  in  con- 
formity with  classic  usage;  pagus,  paganus;  Claudius,  claudianus; 
Neapolis,  neapolitanus.  In  other  cases,  the  addition  of  this  termination 
must  follow  the  same  rule  as  those  for  ensis*  as  America,  americanus; 
Geinitz,  geinitzanus ;  Meek,  meekanus ;  Erie,  erianus ;  Italy,  (ia) 
italianus. 

— atus.  This  Latin  termination  strictly  implies  the  possession  of  the 
thing  to  the  name  of  which  it  is  added.  It  is,  therefore,  affixed  to  the 
stem  of  common  names  only,  as  costa,  costatus;  galea,  galeatus;  fornix, 
fornicatus;  sinus,  sinuatus;  stria,  striatus,  lobus,  lobatus;  rostrum, 
rostratus.  It  is  worthy  of  remark  here  that  this  termination  sometimes 
loses  its  at,  to  shorten  the  word.  The  practice  is  not  commendable  from 
a  linguistic  standpoint,  but  some  of  the  terms  so  made  have  become  fixed 
in  the  nomenclature,  as  Orthis  biloba. 

— formis.  This  Latin  termination  implies  resemblance  of  shape,  and 
should  be  confined  to  Latin  words,  to  the  stem  of  which  it  should  be 
joined  by  the  connecting  vowel  i,  as  laterna,  laterniformis ,'  pistillum, 
pistilli formis.  In  forming  terms,  such  as  the  first  given  above  from 
Latin  words  ending  in  a,  the  error  of  using  ae  as  the  connecting  vowel 
should  be  avoided ;  being  inconsistent  with  classic  usage,  as  well  as  more 
awkward  and  lengthy,  thus  we  have  from  terra,  terricola;  gemma,  gem- 
mifer;  squama,  squamiger;  tuba,  tubiformis;  etc. 


CONSTRUCTION  OF  SYSTEMATIC  NAMES  IN  PALAEONTOLOGY.  xi 

— ensis.  This  is  a  Latin  termination,  expressive  of  locality,  and  can- 
not, therefore,  be  correctly  employed  except  as  an  affix  to  the  name  of  a 
place.  This  rule  has  been  traversed  in  few  real,  but  in  many  apparent 
instances.  Lingula  morsensis  is  an  illustration  of  the  former.  In  accord- 
ance with  law  this  has  been  changed  to  L.  morsi,  being  given  in  honor 
of  Mr.  Morse.  Zygospira  cincinnatiensis,  Pupa  vermilionensis,  Car- 
dium  napoleonense,  Athyris  hannibalensis  are  apparent  exceptions;  but 
these  terms  are  formed  from  words,  which,  though  originally  personal  or 
trivial,  have  now  become  local  names,  and  consequently  no  valid  objection 
can  be  raised  against  them.  In  using  this  termination  the  following 
rules  have  been  generally  followed,  and  are  therefore  adopted  here. 
The  exceptions  are  very  few,  and  have  been  reduced  into  conformity : 
1st.  If  the  name  of  the  place  ends  in  a  consonant  the  termination  is 
annexed  to  the  word,  as  Clinton,  clintonensis.  2d.  If  the  name  ends  in 
a  or  e,  these  letters  are  dropped  and  the  termination  then  annexed,  as 
Canada,  canadensis;  Nebraska,  nebrascensis;  Minnesota,  minnesotensis; 
Iowa,  iowensis;  Indiana,  indianensis ;  Lasalle,  lasallensis;  Erie,  eri- 
ensis.  3rd.  If  the  name  ends  in  i,  o  or  u,  that  vowel  is  retained,  as 
Mississippi,  mississippiensis ;  Missouri,  missouriensis ;  Chicago,  chi- 
cagoensis;  Colorado,  color adoensis;  Chouteau,  chouteauensis.  4th.  If 
the  name  ends  in  y,  that  letter  becomes  i  upon  the  addition  of  the  termi- 
nation, as  Kentucky,  Tcentuchiensis  ;  Alleghany,  alleghaniensis ;  in  accord- 
ance with  classic  usage,  as  Sicily,  siciliensis. 

— i.  The  termination  i  is  to  be  considered  a  mere  indication  of  the 
Latin  genitive  case,  and  custom,  rather  than  correctness,  has,  in  some 
sense,  legalized  its  addition  to  any  name.  In  practice,  however,  it  is 
almost  restricted  to  proper  names.  Thus  we  have  Knighti,  Littoni, 
Flemingi,  Ivesi.  The  Rule  of  the  British  Association  on  this  matter 
runs  thus:  "In  Latinizing  proper  names,  the  simplest  rule  seems  to  be 
to  use  the  termination  us,  genitive  i,  when  the  name  ends  with  a  conso- 
nant, and  ius,  gen.  ii,  when  it  ends  with  a  vowel." 

— icus.  This  Greek  termination  implies  resemblance  and  may  be 
added  to  common  names,  under  the  same  rules  as  those  given  for — ensis, 
except  that  in  forming  the  word,  a  vowel  is  suppressed  if  it  would  pre- 
cede the  termination;  thus,  Macedon,  macedonicus ;  Italy  (ia),  italicus. 
It  is  little  used,  except  in  words  already  existing,  as  ellipticus,  and, 
therefore,  needs  no  further  notice. 

— eus.  This  Latin  termination  has  been  occasionally  employed,  but 
as  it  implies  "made  of,"  it  is  evidently  seldom,  if  ever,  admissible  in  palae- 
ontology. The  term  eboraceus,  from  eboracum,  the  Latin  name  for 
York,  is  a  misnomer  and  should  have  been  eboracensis. 

— idae.  This  Greek  patronymic  has  come  into  general  use  as  a  con- 
venient termination  to  express  the  resemblance  running  through  a 
family. 

B.  It  is  recommended  that  the  assemblages  of  genera,  termed  families,  should  be  uni- 
formly named,  by  adding  the  termination  idse  to  the  name  of  the  earliest  known,  or  most 
typically  characterized  genus  in  them ;   and  that  their  subdivisions,  termed  subfamilies, 


xii         CONSTRUCTION  OF  SYSTEMATIC  NAMES  IN  PALAEONTOLOGY. 

should  be  similarly  constructed,  with  the  termination  inx.  These  words  are  formed  by 
changing  the  last  syllable  of  the  genitive  case  into  idx  or  inn;  as  strir,  Strigis,  Strigidx, 
Buceros,  Bucerotis,  Bucerotidx,  not  Strixklx,  Bwstidse. — [Recommendations. 

It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  in  the  termination  — idae,  the  i  is 
short,  but  in — inae  it  is  long. 

— inus.  This  Latin  termination  is  of  wider  application  and  classic 
usage  sanctions  its  application  to  both  common  and  proper  names,  though 
less  commonly  to  the  names  of  persons.  Latin  usage,  however,  restricted 
its  application  more  than  modern  scientific  practice  has  done,  and  applied 
it  mainly  to  proper  names,  local  terms  and  living  beings;  as  caninus, 
alpinus.  Hence,  such  words  as  rugatinus,  sulcatinus,  secalinus,  taxinus 
and  velutinus  are  at  best  suspicious  if  not  illegitimate.  This  termination, 
however  employed,  is  subject  to  the  laws  given  under — ensis. 

— ites.  This  termination  was  early  adopted  by  naturalists  to  express 
the  fossil  nature  of  the  specimen  and  so  prevent  confusion,  while  at  the 
same  time  expressing  resemblance  to  some  existing  genus  or  species. 
It  is  a  contraction  of  the  Greek  word  lithos,  a  stone.  In  most  instances, 
however,  it  coalesces  with  the  last  vowel  of  the  root  and  becomes  long 
in  compensation.  This  and  long  usage  in  many  words,  such  as  Ammo- 
nites, Belemnites,  Pyrites,  have  completely  established  the  long  i,  while 
the  gender  is  determined  by  that  of  the  Greek  word  to  be  masculine. 
All  specific  terms  in  the  genus  must,  therefore,  be  of  this  gender. 

— oides.  This  Greek  termination,  signifying  "  like,"  should  be  added 
only  to  the  stems  of  words  of  Greek  origin.  No  connecting  vowel  is 
necessary,  as  one  already  exists  in  it.  Thus  we  have  dactylos,  dacty- 
loides;  discos,  discoides.  A  Latin  form  is  often  used,  — oideus,  which, 
however,  obeys  the  same  laws  ;  except  that  the  Greek  termination  is  alike 
in  all  genders,  while  the  Latin  is  inflected  as  Latin  adjectives  of  similar 
termination. 

d.  Compound  terms.— In  forming  compound  terms  as  generic  or  spe- 
cific names,  care  should  be  taken  to  connect  them  rightly.  If  an  adjective 
of  three  terminations  or  a  noun  of  the  second  Latin  declension  composes 
the  former  part  of  the  word,  either  i  or  o  may  be  employed  as  a  connect- 
ing vowel,  the  choice  being  largely  determined  by  the  ear.  Thus  sulco- 
marginal is  better  than  sulci- mar ginatus,  and  crassicaulis  than  cras- 
socaulis.  If,  however,  the  adjective  has  but  one  or  two  terminations, 
or  the  noun  be  of  the  first,  third  or  fourth  Latin  declension,  the  connecting 
vowel  i  should  always  be  employed  as  tenuistriatus,  pinniformis,  ilici- 
folius,  retiformis,  cornifer.  The  connecting  vowel  o  is  admissible  by 
Greek  usage  in  all  declensions,  as  Ulodendron,  Cycloconcha,  Syringo- 
dendron,  Alethopteris,  Dictyonema,  Dictyopteris,  except  that  where  the 
first  part  of  the  word  is  an  adjective  ending  in—ys,  it  is  shorter  and  at 
the  same  time  consonant  with  classic  usage  to  employ  no  connecting 
vowel  at  all;  thus, pachydermia,  euryteines,  oxynotus,  Platy stoma,  etc., 
are  better  than  pacliyoderma,  euryoteines,  oxyonotus,  Platyostoma,  etc. 
e.  Spelling  of  new  names. — 
In  writing  zoological  names,  the  rules  of  Latin  orthography  must  be  adhered  to. 


CONSTRUCTION  OF  SYSTEMATIC  NAMES  IN  PALEONTOLOGY.         xiii 

In  Latinizing  Greek  words,  there  are  certain  rules  of  orthography  known  to  classical 
scholars  which  must  never  he  departed  from.  For  instance,  the  names  which  modern 
authors  have  written  Aipuknemia,  Zenophasia,  poiocephala,  must,  according  to  the  laws  of 
etymology,  he  spelt  JEpycnemia,  Xenopliasia,  and  pcecephala.  In  Latinizing  modern  words, 
the  rules  of  classic  usage  do  not  apply,  and  all  that  we  can  do  is  to  give  to  such  terms 
as  classical  an  appearance  as  we  can,  consistently  with  the  preservation  of  their 
etymology.  In  the  case  of  European  words,  whose  orthography  is  fixed,  it  is  best  to  re- 
tain the  original  form,  even  though  it  may  include  letters  and  combinations  unknown  in 
Latin.  Such  words  for  instance  as  Woodwardi,  Knighti,  BullocH,  EschscMtzi,  would  be 
quite  unintelligible,  if  they  were  Latinized  into  Vudvardi,  CnicJiti,  Bullocci,  Essolzi,  etc. 
But  words  of  barbarous  origin,  having  no  fixed  orthography,  are  more  pliable,  and  hence, 
when  adopted  into  the  Latin,  they  should  be  rendered  as  classical  in  appearance  as  is 
consistent  with  the  preservation  of  their  original  sound.  Thus,  the  words  Tockus, 
awsuree,  argoondat,  kundoo.  etc.,  should,  when  Latinized,  have  been  written  Toccus,  arwire, 
argunda,  cundu,  etc.  Such  words  ought,  in  all  practicable  cases,  to  have  a  Latin  termina- 
tion given  them,  especially  if  they  are  used  generically. 

This  rule,  with  its  limitations  and  exceptions  has  been  not  seldom 
departed  from  in  naming  fossils.  Many  names  have  gained  currency, 
which  are  needlessly  unclassical.  At  the  same  time,  we  meet  with 
marked  examples  of  compliance.  Such  names  as  the  following  stand  out 
prominently — sancti  ludovici,  cestriensis,  are  far  more  correct  and 
pleasing  than  louisi  and  chesterensis,  leseuriae  or  lescuri  than  lesquer- 
euxi,  while  Lepidophloios,  of  Sternberg,  should  be  spelled  Lepido- 
phlocus,  in  accordance  with  Latin  rather  than  Greek  custom. 

It  is  almost  unnecessary  to  add  that  when  a  new  term  is  derived  from 
sources  purely  classical,  care  should  be  taken  to  spell  it  accurately,  and 
not  to  disguise  or  conceal  its  origin  by  any  attempts  to  eliminate  a  letter 
or  two.  This,  however,  has  been  sometimes  done,  as  for  instance,  in  the 
name  Stenocisma,  Conrad,  (in  which  the  etymology  is  masked  by  the 
misspelling)  and  which  will  be  found  written  Stenoschisma. 

f.  Mythological  nam.es. — In  regard  to  the  numerous  mythological 
names,  especially  those  given  by  the  late  palaeontologist,  to  the  Canadian 
Survey,  Mr.  E.  Billings,  the  following  recommendations  of  the  British 
Association  deserve  notice: 

d.  Mythological  or  historical  twines. — When  these  have  no  perceptible  reference  or  allu- 
sion to  the  characters  of  the  object  on  which  they  are  conferred,  they  may  be  properly 
regarded  as  unmeaning  and  in  bad  taste.  Thus,  the  generic  names  Lesbia,  Leilus,  Remus, 
Corydon,  Pasiphx,ha,ve  been  applied  to  a  humming-bird,  a  butterfly,  a  beetle,  a  parrot,  and 
a  crab,  respectively,  without  any  perceptible  association  of  ideas.  But  mythological 
names  may  sometimes  be  used  as  generic,  with  the  same  propriety  as  technical  ones,  in 
cases  where  a  direct  allusion  can  be  traced  between  the  narrated  actions  of  a  personage 
and'  the  observed  habits  or  structure  of  an  animal.  Tfms,  when  the  name  Progne  is 
given  to  a  swallow,  Clotho  to  a  spider,  Hydra  to  a  polyp,  Athene  to  an  owl,  Nestor  to  a  grey- 
headed parrot,  etc.,  a  pleasing  and  beneficial  connection  is  established  between  classical 
literature  and  physical  science. — Recommendations. 

Mr.  Billings  was,  probably,  led  to  adopt  the  practice  by  the  increas- 
ing difficulty  of  finding  unpreoccupied  names  and  an  unwillingness  to 
encumber  the  science  with  more  synonyms. 


CONSTRUCTION  OF  SYSTEMATIC  NAMES  IN  PALJEONTOLGY. 


g.  Personal  names. — 

g.  Specific  names  derived  from  persons —So  long  as  these  complimentary  designations  are 
used  with  moderation,  and  are  restricted  to  persons  of  eminence  as  scientific  zoologists, 
they  may  be  employed  with  propriety  in  cases  where  expressive  or  characteristic  words 
are  not  to  be  found.  But  we  fully  concur  with  those  who  censure  the  practice  of  naming 
species  after  persons  of  no  scientific  reputation,  as  curiosity  dealers  (e.  g.  Caniveti  Boisson- 
eauti),  Peruvian  priestesses  (Cora  amazilia),  or  Hottentots  (Klassi). 

h.  Generic  names  derived  from  persons.— Words  of  this  class  have  been  very  extensively 
used  in  botany,  and  therefore  it  would  have  been  well  to  exclude  them  wholly  from 
zoology,  for  the  sake  of  obtaining  a  memoria  technica  by  which  the  name  of  a  genus  would 
at  once  tell  us  to  which  of  the  kingdoms  of  nature  it  belonged.  Some  few  personal 
generic  names  have,  however,  crept  into  zoology,  as  Cuvieria,  Mulleria,  Rossia,  Lessonia,  etc., 
but  they  are  very  rare  in  comparison  with  those  of  botany,  and  it  is,  perhaps,  desirable 
not  to  add  to  their  number.— Recommendations. 

Another  objection  to  this  kind  of  name,  so  many  of  which  have  crept 
into  palseontological  nomenclature  of  late  years,  is  that  they  yield  with 
difficulty,  in  many  instances,  to  the  plastic  hand  of  the  classical  linguist. 
•  The  collector  or  student  who  stands  godfather  to  a  newly  discovered 
fossil,  and  seeks  immortality  for  some  friend  or  acquaintance  by  making 
it  his  namesake,  naturally  wishes  to  keep  the  name  as  little  changed  as 
possible,  lest  his  purpose  should  in  part  fail.  On  the  other  hand  the 
classical  scholar  would  rather  see  the  name  reduced  in  some  degree  to 
Latin  form  so  that  it  may  offend  the  eye  and  ear  as  little  as  possible. 
Between  these  two  a  contest  arises,  and  hence  we  have  various  forms  for 
words  which  should  be  alike,  as  Barrandi,  barrandei;  Moori,  moorei. 
Perhaps  in  this  respect  it  would  be  wisest  to  adopt  the  recommendations 
of  the  British  Association  Committee,  quoted  on  page  xi,  with  a  slight 
modification,  and  add  i  for  a  genitive  case  where  the  name  ends  in  a 
consonant,  in  a,  o  or  w,  and  ii  when  it  ends  in  e,  i  or  ty,  omitting  in  the 
latter  case  the  final  vowel  of  the  name. 

h.  Nouns  as  specific  terms. — In  those  cases,  and  they  are  numerous, 
where  a  noun  is  used  as  a  specific  name,  no  change  can  be  made  in  its 
termination.  Hence,  however,  inconsistent  it  may  appear  to  some  to 
see  Orthis  biloba  and  Orthis  circulus,  Productus  cora  and  Productus 
costatus,  side  by  side,  such  combinations  are  accurate.  It  may,  however, 
be  added  that  adjective  terms  are  preferable,  whenever  possible. 

i.  Inelegant  names. — With  the  following  extract  we  leave  this  part 
of  our  subject: 

Names  of  harsh  and  inelegant  pronunciation. — These  words  are  grating  to  the  ear,  either 
from  inelegance  of  form,  as  Huhua,  Yuhina,  Craxirex,  Eschscholtzia ;  or,  from  too  great 
length,  as  chirostrongylostinus,  Opetiorhynchus,  brachypodioides,  thecodontosaurus,  not  to  mention 
the  Eualiolimnosaurus  crocodUoceplialoides  of  a  German  naturalist.  It  is  needless  to  enlarge 
on  the  advantage  of  consulting  euphony  in  the  construction  of  our  language.  As  a  gen- 
eral rule  it  may  be  recommended  to  avoid  introducing  words  of  more  than  five  syllables. 

We  have  now  pointed  out  the  principal  rocks  and  shoals  which  lie  in  the  path  of  the 
nomenclator,  and  it  will  be  seen  that  the  navigation  through  them  is  by  no  means  easy. 
The  task  of  constructing  a  language  which  shall  supply  the  demands  of  scientific  accuracy 
on  the  one  hand,  and  of  literary  elegance  on  the  other,  is  not  to  be  inconsiderately 
undertaken  by  unqualified  persons.    Our  nomenclature  presents  but  too  many  flaws  and 


CONSTRUCTION  OF  SYSTEMATIC  NAMES  IN  PAL.EONTOLGY.  xv 

inelegancies  already,  and  as  the  stern  law  of  priority  forbids  their  removal,  it  follows  that 
they  must  remain  as  monuments  of  the  bad  taste  or  bad  scholarship  of  their  authors  to 
the  latest  ages  in  which  zoology  shall  be  studied. 

Etymologies  and  types  of  new  genera  to  be  stated. — It  is  obvious  that  the  names  of  genera 
would,  in  general,  be  far  more  carefully  constructed,  and  their  definitions  would  be 
rendered  more  exact,  if  authors  would  adopt  the  following  suggestion: 

It  is  recommended  that  in  denning  new  genera,  the  etymology  of  the  name  should 
be  always  stated,  and  that  one  species  should  be  invariably  selected  as  a  type  or  standard 
of  reference. 

The  following  extract,  from  the  same  code,  also  bears  on  the  point 
in  question: 

Nonsense  names. — Some  authors  having  found  difficulty  in  selecting  generic  names 
which  have  not  been  used  before,  have  adopted  the  plan  of  coining  words  at  random, 
without  any  derivation  or  meaning  whatever.  The  following  are  examples:  Viralva, 
Xema,  Azeca,  Assiminia,  Quedius,  Spisula.  To  the  same  class  we  may  refer  anagrams  of 
other  generic  names,  Dacleo  and  Cedola  of  Alcedo,  Zapornia  of  Dorzana,  etc.  Such  verbal 
trifling  as  this  is  in  very  bad  taste,  and  is  especially  calculated  to  bring  the  science  into 
contempt.  It  finds  no  precedent  in  the  Augustan  age  of  Latin,  but  can  be  compared 
only  to  the  puerile  quibblings  of  the  Middle  Ages.  It  is  contrary  to  the  genius  of  all 
languages,  which  appear  never  to  produce  new  words  by  spontaneous  generation,  but 
always  to  derive  them  from  some  other  source,  however  distant  or  obscure.  And  it  is 
peculiarly  annoying  to  the  etymologist,  who,  after  seeking  in  vain  through  the  vast  store- 
house of  human  language  for  the  parentage  of  such  words,  discovers  at  last  that  he  has 
been  pursuing  an  ignis  fatuus. 

Besides  having  often  to  follow  such  will-o'-the-wisps,  any  student 
who  undertakes  the  task,  will  soon  find  it  no  easy  one  to  ferret  out  the 
origin  and  meaning  of  veritable  scientific  names,  often  made  up  without 
distinct  allusion  to  any  conspicuous  character  of  the  fossil  in  question,  and, 
occasionally,  by  men  whose  acquaintance  with  the  languages  is  of  the 
slightest  kind.  After  all,  care  and  pains,  not  a  few  malformed  words  and 
barbarous  terms  too  long  current  to  be  now  withdrawn  from  circulation, 
must  ever  remain,  as  corresponding  words  survive  in  our  common  English 
tongue ;  marking  some  age  of  folly  or  ignorance  in  by-gone  days  of  the 
language.  Such  terms  will  serve  as  memorials,  fossil  relics,  to  show  to 
future  times  the  freaks  of  linguistic  development  in  the  early  days  of 
Palaeontology. 


INTRODUCTION. 


The  most  ancient  rocks  known  to  man  had  their  immediate  origin  in  sedi- 
mentary deposition  at  the  bottom  of  an  ocean.  At  this  point  commences  Ge- 
ology;  for  previous  to  this  period  nothing  has  been  ascertained  as  to  the  condition 
of  the  Earth.  It  commences  at  the  base  of  the  lowest  rocks  discovered,  and 
from  thence  it  investigates  the  overlying  strata,  the  changes  that  have  taken 
place,  the  lapse  of  time,  and  the  development  of  animal  life,  down  to  the  present 
moment. 

Were  it  possible  to  obtain  a  transverse  section  of  these  rocks  at  their  maxi- 
mum thickness,  at  any  particular  locality,  there  would  be  presented  to  the  view 
an  exposure  of  more  than  thirty  miles,  representing  the  geological  column,  which 
is  regarded  as  one  continuous  whole,  from  the  base  to  the  top. 

Geologists  have  adopted  various  divisions  and  subdivisions  of  this  column, 
for  the  purpose  of  illustrating  the  different  aspects  of  the  science.  But  that 
which  subdivides  it  into  groups  seems  to  be  the  most  natural  and  systematic, 
and  is  the  classification  now  generally  preferred. 

In  the  infanc}^  of  geological  science,  the  known  strata  were  divided  into  for- 
mations, each  of  which  was  supposed  to  represent  a  geological  period,  during 
which  no  marked  changes  occurred  in  the  condition  of  the  Earth  or  in  its  or- 
ganic life.  The  commencement  of  each  formation  was  supposed  to  mark  a  new 
epoch  of  creation,  and  its  close  to  represent  a  great  cataclysm  that  destroyed  all 
vegetable  and  animal  organisms.  Modern  geologists,  however,  have  determined 
that  the  evidence  of  special  creations  and  cataclysms  is  entirely  wanting,  and 
that  the  formations  do  not  mark  geological  periods  of  repose,  nor  are  they  any 
more  distinct  in  their  character,  from  each  other,  than  are  the  groups  into  which 
they  have  been  subdivided. 

The  palaeozoic  rocks,  as  understood  by  geologists,  embrace  the  Permian 
group,  and  all  that  is  below  it.  The  subdivision  into  Archaean,  Silurian,  Devo- 
nian and  Carboniferous  formations  is  retained  as  a  matter  of  convenience,  for  the 
purpose  of  directing  attention,  in  a  general  way,  to  a  particular  quarter  of  these 
rocks.  The  Archaean  (most  ancient)  are  the  metamorphic  rocks.  The  Silurian 
is  next  in  order.  The  Devonian,  from  Devonshire,  England,  is  a  much  smaller 
formation,  and  is  characterized  by  its  fish  remains.  The  Carboniferous  forma- 
tion, so-called  from  the  fact  that  it  contains  the  great  coal  deposits  of  Europe, 
concludes  the  series  of  paheozoic  rocks.  Other  formations  contain  coal  deposits, 
but  they  are  otherwise  so  distinct,  that  they  are  never  in  danger  of  being  classed 
with  this  formation  as  originally  defined. 


2  STRATIGRAPHICAL   GEOLOGY. 

The  names  used  in  American  Geology,  for  the  purpose  of  the  classification 
of  the  strata  into  groups,  have  been  derived,  generally,  from  the  localities  at 
which  the  rocks  have  been  studied  and  described.  This  method  of  nomenclature 
is  preferred  to  any  other,  because  the  name  itself  can  never  mislead  as  to  the 
mineral  structure  or  relative  position  of  the  rocks,  and  the  geologist  may  visit 
and  study  the  locality  with  the  certainty  that  he  is  investigating  the  typical 
group.  Prof.  Rogers  conceived  the  idea  of  improving  the  nomenclature  of  the 
palaeozoic  rocks  by  dividing  them  into  fifteen  parts  and  giving  them  names  sig- 
nificant of  their  relative  ages.  This  he  did  by  using  words  suggesting  meta- 
phorically different  parts  of  a  day,  as  follows:  Primal,  Auroral,  Matinal,  Le- 
vant, Surgent,  Scalent,  Premeridian,  Meridian,  Post  Meridian,  Cadent,  Vergent, 
Ponent,  Vespertine,  Umbral  and  Serai,  meaning  respectively  the  formations  of 
the  Dawn,  Daybreak,  Morning,  Sunrise,  Mounting  Day,  Climbing  Day,  Forenoon, 
Noon,  Afternoon,  Declining  Day,  Descending  Day,  Sunset,  Evening,  Dusk  and 
Nightfall.  Unfortunately  for  his  attempt  to  substitute  another,  for  the  geographi- 
cal nomenclature  then  quite  well  established  and  susceptible  of  indefinite  ex- 
pansion, without  the  use  of  conflicting  terms  or  words  that  could  mislead  the 
student,  there  were  several  extensive  groups  of  rucks  full  of  the  remains  of  ani- 
mal life,  as  yet  unexplored,  and  consequently  quite  unknown  to  his  system. 
For  obvious  reasons  the  nomenclature  suggested  by  Mr.  Rogers  has  not  been 
adopted,  and  in  all  probability  never  will  be. 

The  Archa&an  formation  is  divided  into  the  Laurentian  and  Huronian  groups. 
The  Laurentian  series  of  metamorphic  rocks  forrfis  the  base  of  the  geological 
column,  and  has  an  estimated  thickness  in  Canada  of  32,750  feet.  It  takes  its 
name  from  the  Laurentian  mountains  of  Canada.  The  Eozoon  .canadense,  a 
fossil  Rhizopod,  is  found  at  the  base  of  the  Grenville  band  of  limestone,  which  is 
near  the  middle  of  this  series.  The  estimated  depth  of  the  Laurentian  series  to 
the  lowest  place  at  which  this  fossil  has  been  found  is  16,500  feet.  Sir  W.  E. 
Logan  describes  the  Grenville  band  as  follows : 

"  The  general  character  of  the  rock  connected  with  the  fossil  produces  the 
impression  that  it  is  a  great  foraminiferal  reef,  in  which  the  pyroxene  masses 
represent  a  more  ancient  portion,  which  having  died,  and  become  much  broken 
up,  and  worn  into  cavities  and  deep  recesses,  afforded  a  seat  for  a  new  growth  of 
foraminifera,  represented  by  the  calcareo  serpentinous  part.  This  in  its  turn  be- 
came broken  up,  leaving,  however,  in  some  places,  uninjured  portions  of  the  or- 
ganic structure.  The  main  difference  between  this  foraminiferal  reef,  and  more 
recent  coral  reefs,  seems  to  be,  that  while  with  the  latter  are  usually  associated 
many  shells  and  other  organic  remains,  in  the  more  ancient  one  the  only  remains 
yet  found  are  those  of  the  animal  which  built  the  reef." 

The  next  series  of  rocks  overlying  the  Laurentian  is  called  the  Huronian, 
which,  on  the  north  shore  of  Lake  Huron  and  to  the  eastward,  consists  ofquartz- 
ites,  chloritic  slates,  bands  of  limestone  chert,  jasper  and  slate  conglomerates, 
not  less  than  18,000  feet  in  thickness. 

On  Lake  Superior,  Sault  Ste.  Marie,  Mamainse,  and  other  places,  it  is 
exposed  from  10,000  to  16,208  feet  in  thickness.  An  approximate  estimate  of 
the  thickness  of  this  series  on  Michipicoten  Island,  says  Mr .  McFarlane,  is 
18,500  feet.     And  if  we  compare  the  rocks  of  Michipicoten  Island  with  those  of 


STRATIGRAPHICAL    GEOLOGY.  3 

Mamainse,  it  would  appear  that  the  lower  rocks  of  the  latter  series  do  not  come 
to  the  surface  at  Michipicoten  Island,  and  that  the  higher  rocks  of  the  Michipi- 
coten  series  have  not  been  developed  at  Mamainse,  or  lie  beneath  the  waters  of 
the  lake  to  the  southwest  of  the  promontory.  It  would,  therefore,  appear  just  in 
estimating  the  thickness  of  the  upper  copper-bearing  rocks  of  the  eastern  part 
of  Lake  Superior  (which  are  Huronian),  to  add  to  the  Mamainse  series  the  above- 
mentioned  4,000  feet  of  resinous  traps,  or  porphyrites,  which  would  make  the 
whole  thickness  at  least  20,000  feet.  (Geo.  of  Can.,  1863,  pp.  55,  67,  86  ;  Geo.  of 
Can.,  1866,  pp.  132,  141.) 

In  addition  to  the  Eozoon  canadense,  only  a  few  fossil  species  have  been 
described  from  the  Huronian  rocks,  and  these  have  been  placed  in  genera  of 
uncertain  affinit}',  to  wit:  Aspidella,  Stenotheca,  and  Scenella. 

The  metamorphic  strata,  equivalent  to  the  Laurentian  and  Huronian  series 
of  Canada  are  described  in  Safford's  Geological  Survey  of  Tennessee,  as  many 
thousand  feet  thick.  Fossil  remains  of  foraminifera  have  been  found  in  them. 
They  have  also  been  found  in  the  metamorphic  rocks  of  Europe;  so  that  these 
rocks  are  no  longer  called  azoic. 

Next  above  the  Archaean  subdivision  lies  the  great  Silurian  formation,  first 
determined  by  Sir  R.  L  Murchison,  and  named  in  memory  of  the  ancient  Silures,  who 
inhabited  Wales,  where  he  first  studied  the  exposure  of  the  rocks.  He  subdivi- 
ded it  into  the  Lower  Silurian  and  Upper  Silurian  formations,  and  these  names 
have  been  adopted  in  this  countiy.  The  Lower  Silurian  is  much  the  most  exten- 
sive, and  is  divided  into  groups  or  subdivisions,  in  ascending  order  as  follows : 

1.  The  St.  John's  Group,  consisting  of  black  shales  and  sandstones,  resting 
conformably  upon  older  schistose  rocks,  at  St.  John's,  New  Brunswick,  3,000 
feet  thick.     (Geo.  of  Can.,  1866,  p.  235.) 

This  Group  of  rocks  contains  the  remains  of  Paradoxides,  Conocephalites, 
Arionellus,  Microdiscus,  Agnostus,  Orthis,  and  other  fossil  genera.  The  Para- 
doxides beds  near  Boston  are  supposed  to  belong  to  it. 

2.  The  Potsdam  Group,  which  takes  its  name  from  Potsdam  in  Northern 
New  York,  where  it  is  well  developed,  and  consists  of  a  fine-grained,  even-bedded 
sandstone,  traversed  by  parallel  joints.  The  Potsdam  Group  is  sometimes  divi- 
ded into  Upper  .Potsdam  and  Lower  Potsdam  Groups.  The  sandstones  and 
limestones  on  the  north  shore  of  Belle  Isle,  and  the  rocks  which,  in  the  State  of 
Vermont  are  called  the  Georgia  slates,  and  the  red  sand-rock,  belong  to  the 
Lower  Potsdam  Group.  The  Upper  Potsdam  Group  is  displayed  in  Minnesota, 
Wisconsin,  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  and  other  States.  In  Tennessee  the  Pots- 
dam Group  is  divided  into  three  great  sub-groups,  in  ascending  order  as  follows: 
1.  The  Ocoee  conglomerate  and  slates;  2.  Chilhowee  sandstone;  3.  Knox 
Group.  The  Ocoee  conglomerate  and  slates  takes  its  name  from  Ocoee  river, 
and  is  10,000  feet  thick.  The  Chilhowee  sandstone  takes  its  name  from  the 
Chilhowee  Mountain,  and  is  2,000  feet  thick.  The  Knox  Group  takes  its  name 
from  Knox  county,  and  is  7,000  feet  thick;  making  the  total  thickness  of  the 
Potsdam  in  Tennessee  19,000  feet.  It  is  from  500  to  2,500  feet  thick  in  Canada, 
2,020  at  Bonne  Bay,  Newfoundland,  1,147  feet  at  the  Straits  of  Belle  Isle,  about 
2,000  feet  in  Pennsylvania  and  West  Virginia,  and  from  600  to  800  feet  thick  in 
Wisconsin  and  Minnesota. 


4  STEATIGRAPHICAL    GEOLOGY. 

The  fossils  which  chiefly  characterize  the  Potsdam  Group  belong  to  the 
genera  Palseophycus,  Scolithus,  Archseocyathus ;  Obolella,  Camarella,  Dinobol- 
us,  Lingulella,  *Salterella,  Bathyurus,  Conocephalites,  Olenellus  and  Dicello- 
cephalus.  Gasteropoda  and  Cephalopoda  first  make  their  appearance  in  the 
Upper  Potsdam.     Poor  specimens  of  Cystidea  and  Crinoidea  have  been  found 

in  this  Group. 

3.  The  Calciferous  Group,  named  from  the  calcareo-silicious  character  of  the 
rocks.  It  was  called  the  Calciferous  sandrock  and  Transition  rock  by  Eaton, 
and  the  Barnegat  limestone,  Newburgh  limestone,  Warwick  limestone,  Oolitic 
limestone,  Fucoidal  layers,  and  slaty  limestone,  in  the  early  Geological  Reports 
of  New  York.  It  is  divided  into  the  Lower  and  Upper  Calciferous  Groups.  The 
Upper  Calciferous  is  found  in  Newfoundland  about  1,000  feet  in  thickness.  The 
Lower  Calciferous  is  the  original  Calciferous  Group  of  New  York.  It  is  ex- 
posed in  Minnesota,  Wisconsin,  Tennessee,  Missouri,  Pennsylvania,  Virginia, 
Canada,  and  other  places,  usually  less  than  500  feet  in  thickness.  It  is  found, 
however,  in  Missouri  1,315  feet  thick,  where  it  is  subdivided  into  1st,  2d,  3d  and 
4th  Magnesian  limestone,  and  in  Newfoundland  1,839  feet  thick.  The  St.  Peter's 
sandstone  of  the  Northwest,  named  from  its  great  development  on  the  St.  Peter's 
river,  belongs  to  this  group.  There  is  in  Newfoundland  an  important  series  of 
strata,  having  a  thickness  of  2,061  feet,  known  as  division  N.  of  the  Newfound- 
land rocks,  which  should  probably  be  regarded  as  part  of  the  Upper  Calciferous 
Group.  If  so,  it  would  give  us  a  maximum  thickness  of  about  4,000  feet  for 
the  Calciferous  Group. 

The  Lamellibranchiata  first  make  their  appearance  in  this  Group,  while  the 
Gasteropoda  and  Cephalopoda  become  numerous.  Pleurotomaria  canadensis  is 
known  to  pass  from  the  Potsdam  into  this  Group. 

4.  The  Quebec  Group,  which  takes  its  name  from  the  city  of  Quebec,  in 
Canada,  where  it  was  first  studied,  and  is  subdivided  into  the  Levis,  Lauzon, 
and  Sillery  Groups.  The  Levis  division,  which  takes  its  name  from  Point  Levis 
in  Canada,  comprehends  the  Philipsburgh  rocks  which  are  4,860  feet  thick,  in 
addition  to  1,385  feet  of  the  Orleans  section,  making  the  whole  division  6,145 
feet  thick.  The  Lauzon  division,  which  takes  its  name  from  Lauzon,  in  Canada, 
is  about  4,000  feet  in  thickness.  And  the  Sillery  division,  which  takes  its  name 
from  Sillery  Cove  in  Canada,  is  2,000  feet  in  thickness,  making  the  maximum 
depth  of  the  three  divisions  of  this  Group  12,145  feet.  The  Levis  division  is 
highly  fossiliferous,  while  only  a  few  fossils  are  known  from  other  divisions. 
Some  of  the  fossils  of  this  Group  are  found  both  in  the  Chazy  and  Calciferous 
Groups,  and  the  Canadian  geologists  for  a  time  supposed  it  to  be  the  equivalent, 
in  some  way  or  other,  of  these  rocks;  but  later  investigations  have  shown  that  it 
has  a  fauna  of  its  own,  and  that  it  offers  beds  of  passage  from  the  Potsdam  to 
the  Trenton  fauna,  in  addition  to  those  of  the  Chazy  and  Calciferous. 

5.  The  Chazy  Group,  which  takes  its  name  from  Chazy,  Clinton  county, 
New  York,  and  has  an  extensive  geographical  range  over  New  York  and  Canada, 
is  seldom  found  over  300  feet  in  thickness.  The  upper  part  of  the  1st  Magne- 
sian limestone  in  Missouri  may  be  the  equivalent  of  this  Group,  or  rather  the 
dark  bluish  gray  semi-crystalline  limestones,  interstratified  with  the  grayish 
drab  earthy  magnesian  varieties,  destitute  of  chert,  which  crop  out  in   some 


STRATIGRAPHICAL    GEOLOGY.  5 

places  on  top  of  the  1st  Magnesian,  and  are  usually  classed  with  it.  The  Group 
has  likewise  been  doubtfully  identified  in  Wisconsin  and  other  Northwestern 
localities. 

6.  The  Birdseye  Limestone,  which  is  a  well  marked  Group  of  rocks  in  New 
York.  The  rocks  break  with  a  conchoidal  fracture,  and  the  surface  presents 
numerous  crystalline  spots  due  to  calcspar  in  the  tubes  of  Tetradium  fbratum, 
which  it  contains  in  abundance,  and  from  which  the  Group  takes  its  name.  It 
is  not,  however,  so  distinct  in  its  fossil  remains  as  to  be  characterized  and  deter- 
mined elsewhere,  and  therefore  some  geologists  treat  the  name  as  a  synonym  for 
the  Black  River  Group. 

7.  The  Black  River  Group  (including  the  Birdseye  limestone  or  its  equiva- 
lent) which  is  found  in  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  Canada  and  the  Island  of  An- 
ticosti,  and  is  supposed  to  underlie  Ohio,  Indiana  and  Illinois,  for  it  is  again 
found  cropping  out  under  the  Trenton  Group  in  Missouri  and  other  places  west 
of  the  Mississippi.  It  has  a  very  wide  geographical  range,  and  in  Pennsylvania 
attains  the  important  thickness  of  5,500  feet. 

The  Orthoceratites,  which  commenced  an  existence  in  the  Upper  Potsdam, 
reach  their  greatest  development  in  this  Group  of  rocks.  Some  shells  are  found 
more  than  ten  feet  in  length  and  exceeding  a  foot  in  diameter.  Other  Cephalo- 
poda are  found  in  abundance,  and  several  new  genera  commence  an  existence. 

The  synonyms  for  the  Black  River  Group  in  the  early  geological  reports 
are  Mo7iawk  limestone,  Base  of  the  Trenton  limestone,  Blue  limestone,  Black 
marble  of  Isle  La  Motte,  Bald  Mountain  limestone,  sparry  limerocks,  Transi- 
tion chequered  limestone,  Seven  foot  Tier  and  Metalliferous  limerock. 

8.  The  Trenton  Group,  which  takes  its  name  from  Trenton,  Oneida  county, 
New  York,  is  found  almost  everywhere  on  the  Continent,  where  the  Lower  Silu- 
rian rocks  are  exposed.  In  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  Kentucky,  Illinois,  Mis- 
souri and  Canada,  its  greatest  thickness  does  not  exceed  1,000  feet;  while  on  the 
Island  of  Anticosti  it  reaches  1,700,  and  in  Tennessee  2,500  feet.  The  Galena 
limestone  of  Illinois  and  Wisconsin,  and  the  Cape  Girardeau  limestone  of  Mis- 
souri, belong  to  it. 

The  limestones  of  this  Group  are  literally  a  mass  of  fossils,  and  withal  so 
well  preserved,  that  several  hundred  species  and  many  genera  have  been  defined. 
No  Group  of  paheozoic  strata  has  been  studied  with  more  interest,  or  has  yielded 
more  facts  beneficial  to  science.  It  is  a  magnificent  museum  of  well  preserved 
shells,  representing  almost  every  character  of  the  ancient  population  of  the  sea. 

9.  The  Utica  Slate  Group,  which  takes  its  name  from  Utica,  New  York,  and 
seems  to  be  confined  in  its  Geographical  range  to  Pennsylvania,  New  York  and 
Canada,  and  reaches  its  greatest  thickness  in  Pennsylvania  at  400  feet.  Its  syn- 
onyms are  Black  slate,  Pulaski  shales,  Frankfort  slate  and  Lorraine  shales. 

10.  The  Hudson  River  Group,  which  takes  its  name  from  the  exposure  on 
Hudson  River,  New  York,  has  an  extensive  geographical  range,  and  reaches  its 
greatest  thickness  in  Canada,  at  2,000  feet.  The  fossils  which  characterize  it 
are  nearly  the  same  as  those  which  characterize  the  Trenton  Group.  The  inter- 
vention of  the  Utica  slate  in  New  York  and  Canada  furnishes  the  only  excuse 
for  separating  the  two  groups.  In  the  Western  and  Southern  States,  where  the 
Utica  slate  is  absent  from  the  strata,  the  upper  part  of  the  Lower   Silurian  is 


6  STRATIGRAPHICAL    GEOLOGY. 

generally  called  the  Cincinnati  Group,  though  in  Tennessee  it  is  known  as  the 
Nashville  Group,  or  more  generally  it  is  known  as  the  Blue  Limestone.  The 
Cincinnati  Group,  as  exposed  in  Ohio,  Indiana  and  Kentucky,  with  which  I  am 
better  acquainted  than  with  any  other  Group  of  rocks,  will  receive  more  than  a 
passing  notice.  The  total  thickness  of  the  exposure  will  scarcely  exceed  1,000 
feet,  the  lower  part  of  which  is  probably  the  equivalent  of  the  upper  part  of  the 
Trenton  Group,  and  the  remainder  belongs  to  the  Hudson  River  Group.  The 
Cincinnati  Group,  therefore,  is  of  value  as  a  technical  name  only  so  far  as  it  ex- 
presses the  absence  of  the  Utica  slate,  and  points  to  the  locality  of  its  exposure. 

Some  fossils,  as  Bellerophon  bilobatus,  Strophomena  altemata,  Zygospira 
modesta,  Leptena  sericea,  Buthotrephis  gracilis,  Beyrichia  chambersi,  Calymene 
senaria,  Isotelus  gigas  and  Isotelus  megistos  pass  entirely  through  the  Group. 
Trinucleus  concentricus,  Triarthrus  becki,  Orthis  multisecta,  0.  emacerata, 
Streptorhynchus  hallia,  Ambonychia  bcllistriata,  Modiolopsis  cincinnatiensis, 
Cycloconcha  mediocardinalis,  Lichenocrinus  crater  if  or  mis  and  Chetetes  (?) 
jamesi,  are  confined  to  the  lower  half  of  the  group.  Glyptocrinus  decadactylus, 
G.  dyeri,  G.  nealli,  G.  fornshelli,  Lichenocrinus  tuberculatus,  Streptorhynchus 
filitexta,  S.  sub  tenia,  S.  sulcata,  S.  sinuata,  S.  nutans,  Orthis  insculpta,  0.  sub- 
quadrata,  Bhynchonella  capax,  B.  dentata,  Cypricardites  haynesi,  Anomalo- 
donta  gigantea,  A.  alata,  Anodontopsis  milleri,  Favistella  stellata,  Tetradium 
Jibratum  and  Streptelasma  corniculum,  are  found  only  in  the  upper  part  of  the 
Group.  Some  fossils  occupy  only  a  few  feet  in  vertical  range,  as  Orthis  in- 
sculpta,  Orthis  retrdrsa,  0.  emacerata,  Glyptocrinus  nealli  and  Streptorhynchus 
sulcata.  These  facts  teach  us  that  during  the  deposition  of  the  rocks,  the  fauna 
of  the  ocean  was  constant^  changing.  One  form  ceasing  to  exist  at  a  given 
place  at  one  time,  and  another  at  another  time  ;  a  new  species  appearing  at  one 
period,  and  another  at  another  period.  Not,  however,  indicating  either  the  ex- 
tinction or  creation  of  a  new  species,  because  though  the  Orthis  insculpta  has  a 
vertical  range  of  only  about  three  feet,  it  is  found  in  the  Trenton  Group,  in 
New  York,  in  much  earlier  strata  ;  and  substantially  the  same  may  be  •  said  of 
other  forms. 

The  Group  of  rocks,  throughout  its  entire  thickness,  is  composed  of  alter- 
nate laj^ers  of  blue  marl  and  limestone,  of  varying  thickness.  In  some  places 
the  marl  is  6  or  8  feet  thick,  without  a  layer  of  stone.  At  other  places,  one  layer 
of  stone,  4,  6  or  8  inches  in  thickness,  follows  another,  with  intervening  layers 
of  marl,  of  much  less  thickness,  for  40  or  50  feet.  It  is  rare  to  find  a  layer  of 
limestone  more  than  a  foot  in  thickness.  All  the  layers  are  broken  into  small, 
irregular  pieces,  sufficiently  large,  however,  for  cellar  and  other  light  stone  work 
for  which  they  are  used.  When  the  blue  marl  is  exposed  for  a  few  years  to  the 
action  of  the  weather,  it  gradually  loses  its  color,  and  finally  presents  a  dull 
gray  appearance.  Where  the  marl  in  the  bed,  only  a  few  feet  from  the  surface, 
has  been  changed  to  the  dull  gray  color,  crystals  of  the  sulphate  of  lime  are 
found  on  the  layers  of  stone  and  in  the  marl.  The  silicious  matter  prevails  over 
the  carbonate  of  lime  in  the  layers  of  marl,  while  the  carbonate  of  lime  is  much 
in  excess  of  the  silicious  matter  in  the  layers  of  stone,  due  in  part,  at  least,  to 
the  fact  that  the  stones  are  almost  literally  a  mass  of  more  or  less  comminuted 
shells,  corals  and  crinoids.     There  is  nothing,  therefore,  in  the  general  character 


STRATIGRAPHICAL    GEOLOGY.  7 

and  appearance  of  the  stones  and  marl  to  indicate  the  changing  character  of  the 
fossil  contents,  to  which  I  shall  now  call  more  particular  attention. 

The  Zygospira  modesta  is  found  throughout  the  group,  varying  in  size  from 
a  small  pin-head  to  a  pea.  The  largest  size  has  been  called  Zygospira  cincin- 
natiensis.  The  smaller  specimens  differ  in  their  proportional  length  and  breadth 
and  in  the  proportional  elevation  of  the  middle  of  the  ventral  valve,  and  corres- 
ponding depression  of  the  mesial  sinus  of  the  dorsal  valve.  The  larger  speci- 
mens differ  in  the  same  respect;  and  as  the  number  of  plications  is  but  little  in- 
creased, they  become  larger  and  coarser.  The  same  species  from  the  Trenton 
Group,  at  Ottawa,  Canada,  is  more  elongated,  and  more  finely  plicated  than  the 
Cincinnati  forms;  while  specimens  from  the  Trenton  Group  of  Southern  Minne- 
sota are  scarcely  distinguishable  from  Cincinnati  specimens  of  medium  size. 
This  species  passes  through  the  Trenton,  Utica  and  Hudson  River  Groups,  and 
is  found  in  the  Clinton  Group. 

Strophomena  alternata  is  found  throughout  the  Group.  Specimens  secured 
within  200  feet  of  low  water  mark  at  Cincinnati,  are  large,  thin,  frail,  and  some- 
what flat,  but  in  their  markings  resemble  the  more  profound  specimens  from  the 
Trenton  Group  of  New  York  and  Ottawa,  Canada.  Many  specimens  found  from 
350  to  450  feet  above  low  water  mark  are  peculiarly  thick,  firm  and  heavy.  From 
450  feet  above  low  water  mark  to  the  top  of  the  Group  .the  specimens  are,  gener- 
ally, proportionately  longer  on  the  hinge  line  and  more  distinctly  eared  than  they 
are  below,  and  frequently  much  larger.  One  form  of  these  long  eared  specimens 
has  been  called  variety  loxorhytis.  The  variety  nasuta  is  most  distinctly 
marked  at  an  elevation  from  400  to  450  feet  above  low  water  mark,  where  it  is 
thicker  and  deeper  than  the  same  variety  from  the  Trenton  Group  of  New  York 
and  Canada.  The  variety  alternistriata  is  most  common  in  the  middle  and  up- 
per part  of  the  Group.  The  variety  fracta  is  found  only  in  a  vertical  range  of  a 
few  feet  about  the  middle  of  the  Group.  This  species  is  widely  distributed  and 
ranges  from  the  Chazy  to  the  Clinton  Groups,  passing  through  a  great  many 
forms,  which,  if  constant  or  characteristic  of  particular  geological  horizons,  would 
be  regarded  as  good  species. 

Leptena  sericea  is  found  throughout  the  Group,  changing  at  times  in  size, 
length  of  the  hinge  line  and  comparative  thickness.  It  is  a  common  form  in  the 
Trenton,  Hudson  River  and  Clinton  Groups. 

Strophomena  tenuistriata  is  frail  and  rare  in  the  lower  part  of  the  Group, 
but  quite  common  and  well  preserved  in  the  upper  part.  This,  including  its 
nearly  related  forms,  under  the  names  of  rhomboidaUs  and  depressa,  is  almost 
world  wide  in  its  distribution,  and  ranges  from  the  Trenton  Group  to  the  Lower 
Carboniferous.  One  could  not  hesitate,  however,  in  separating  the  Lower  Silu- 
rian from  the  Upper  Silurian  forms,  and  these  again  from  the  Devonian  and 
Lower  Carboniferous  forms,  while  remarking  the  somewhat  general  resemblance 
between  them. 

Streptorhynchus  hallia  is  found  in  the  lower  200  feet  of  the  Group,  and  is 
not  known  to  occur  elsewhere.  8.  planoconvexa  occupies  only  a  few  feet  in  ver- 
tical range  about  the  middle  of  the  Group.  S.  nutans,  S.planumbona,  8.  sub  - 
tenia  and  S.filitexta  are  confined  in  their  range  to  the  upper  part  of  the  Group; 
though  8.  subtenta  is  found  in  the  Hudson  River  Group  at  English  Head,  Anti- 
costi,  and  S.  jilitexta  in  the  Trenton  Group  of  New  York. 


8  STRATIGRAPHICAL    GEOLOGY. 

Streptorhynchus  sinuata  has-  a  vertical  range  of  only  a  few  feet  below  the 
middle  of  the  Group,  and  S.  sulcata  has  a  vertical  range  of  only  a  few  feet  near 
the  upper  part  of  the  Group. 

Orthis  bellula,  0.  plicatella,  0.  fissicosta,  0.  ella  and  Cythere  cincinnatiensis 
are  confined  within  a  vertical  range  of  about  100  feet,  near  the  middle  of  the 
Group.  0.  plicatella,  O.  triplicatella,  0.  Jissicosta  and  O.  jamesi  vary  much 
in  size  and  proportional  length  and  breadth  and  general  appearance,  and  some- 
times run  so  close  together  that  it  is  only  by  close  observation  that  the  species 
are  separated.  Orthis  ella  varies  so  much  in  size  and  number  of  plications  that 
it  could  be  separated  into  three  forms  sufficiently  distinct  to  have  specific  names, 
if  the  forms  were  found  only  in  distinct  Groups  of  rocks.  But,  probably,  no 
shell  indicates  the  unceasing  change  and  development  of  animal  life  during  the 
deposition  of  the  Group  as  much  as  the  Orthis  lynx.  It  is  found  of  all  dimen- 
sions, from  1-16  of  an  inch  to  2  inches  in  length,  breadth  and  thickness.  The 
mesial  sinus  is  usually  occupied  with  three  plications,  and  the  mesial  fold  with 
four;  but  sometimes  the  mesial  sinus  has  only  two  plications,  and  sometimes  it 
has  four  and  even  five,  while  the  mesial  fold  always  contains  one  more  than  the 
sinus,  if  the  specimen  is  regularly  developed.  The  more  profound  the  sinus,  the 
fewer  plications  in  it.  Some  specimens  are  much  longer  than  they  are  wide; 
others  much  wider  than«long.  Some  specimens,  with  hinge-line  shorter  than  the 
width  of  the  shell,  become  globose  and  nearly  as  round  as  an  apple;  others  have 
the  hinge-line  prolonged  to  double  the  width  of  the  shell,  and  have  nearly  the 
form  of  Spirifera  mucronata.  Small  specimens  of  the  globose  form  are  marked 
with  about  sixteen  plications,  while  the  long-eared  forms  have  as  many  as  forty 
on  each  valve.  Some  specimens  have  thin  shells;  while  others,  no  larger,  have 
very  thick  ones.  These  extreme  varieties  do  not  occupy  the  same  layers  of  rock, 
but  different  strata.  Considerable  variation  exists,  however,  in  specimens  occu- 
pying the  same  layer;  and  so  many  intermediate  forms  are  found  in  different 
layers,  that  the  extremes  in  the  Group  are  linked  together. 

The  maximum  thickness  of  the  lower  Silurian,  as  shown  b}^the  Groups  men- 
tioned, is  48,745  feet;  and  the  fossiliferous  part  of  the  metamorphic  rocks,  36,- 
500  feet;  making  a  total  of  85,245  feet,  or  a  little  over  sixteen  miles  from  the 
top  of  the  Hudson  River  Group  to  the  base  of  the  fossiliferous  rocks.  In  other 
words,  if  all  the  Metamorphic  and  Lower  Silurian  Groups  were  fully  represented, 
at  their  greatest  thickness,  on  the  Hudson  River  or  at  Cincinnati,  we  would  ex- 
pect to  find  fossils  by  digging  or  boring  at  these  places  for  sixteen  miles.  The 
fact  is  probable,  however,  that  part  of  the  earth  was  dry  land,  while  another  part 
was  covered  with  an  ocean;  and  that  the  dry  land  was  worn  away  by  the  action 
of  rain,  and  other  causes,  while  the  ocean  bed,  gradually  filled  up,  as  the  Atlantic 
fills  to-day,  by  sedimentary  deposition.  There  is  no  evidence  of  dry  land,  during 
all  this  period;  but  the  negative  evidence  to  the  contrary,  in  the  total  absence  of 
land  plants  and  animals.  Dry  land  may  have  existed,  however,  in  the  shape  of 
barren  rocks  and  disintegrated  matter,  for  mechanical  deposition ;  but  if  it  did 
not  exist,  it  is  presumed  that  deposition  took  place  more  rapidly  at  the  bed  of 
the  ocean  at  one  place  than  at  another,  and  that  the  ocean  currents  removed 
what  had  been  deposited  at  one  place,  and  carried  it  to  another;  so  that,  in  either 
case,  the  maximum  thickness  of  each  Group  is  the  measure  of  the  lapse  of  time 


STRATIGRAPHICAL    GEOLOGY.  9 

that  transpired  during  its  deposition  on  the  ocean-bed;  and  these,  when  placed 
together,  in  their  order  of  deposition,  constitute  the  true  geological  column. 

The  Upper    Silurian  rocks  are  subdivided  in  ascending  order,  as  follows: 

1.  Oneida  Conglomerate,  which  takes  its  name  from  Oneida  county,  New  York. 

2.  Medina  sandstone,  which  takes  its  name  from  Medina,  New  York.  3.  Clinton 
Group,  which  takes  its  name  from  Clinton,  New  York.  4.  Niagara  Group, 
which  takes  its  name  from  its  development  at  the  Falls  of  Niagara.  5.  Onon- 
daga Salt  Group,  which  takes  its  name  from  Onondaga,  New  York,  where  the 
salt  springs  have  been  extensively  wrought;  and  6.  Lower  Helderberg  Group, 
which  takes  its  name  from  the  Helderberg  Mountains  of  New  York. 

The  Oneida  Conglomerate  has  been  called  the  Shawangunk  Grit,  the  Shawan- 
gunk Conglomerate  and  the  Millstone  Grit.  The  word  Shawangunk,  signify- 
ing, in  the  Indian  language  of  the  aborigines,  White  rock,  has  been  regarded  as 
quite  appropriate,  because  it  is  expressive  of  the  character  of  the  rocks.  The 
greatest  thickness  of  this  Group  in  New  York  and  Pennsylvania  is  about  500 
feet.  The  rocks  are  of  such  a  character  that  they  have  not  preserved  the  fossil 
remains  with  the  exception  of  imperfect  fucoidal  impressions. 

The  Medina  sandstone  is  usually  of  a  red  color,  with  the  exception  of  a  gray 
band  near  the  top.  Between  the  mouth  of  the  Niagara  river  and  Lewiston,  it  is 
350  feet  thick,  though  at  Barton,  Canada,  it  is  618  feet  thick.  Its  dimensions  in 
Pennsylvania  are  much  increased.  In  the  latter  State  it  is  subdivided  into  three 
Groups  on  lithological  grounds;  the  lower,  a  compact  greenish  gray  sandstone 
about  400  feet  thick,  the  next  a  soft  argillaceous  red  and  brown  sandstone  and 
shale  TOO  feet  thick,  and  the  higher  a  white  or  light  gray  sandstone  and  shales, 
450  thick;  making  a  total  thickness  of  1,150  feet.  Like  other  sandstones,  it 
usually  contains  but  few  fossils,  but  in  some  localities  it  is  highly  fossiliferous, 
especially  in  the  upper  part. 

The  Clinton  Group  is  only  estimated,  in  Ohio  and  other  Western  localities,  at 
50  feet  or  less  in  thickness.  In  New  York  and  Canada  from  50  to  400  feet,  and 
on  the  Island  of  Anticosti  at  610  feet;  but  in  Pennsylvania  it  reaches  the  great 
thickness  of  1,620  feet.     (Geo.  of  Penn.,  vol.  i.,  p.  106.) 

Prof.  Hall  says  of  this  group :  "  In  the  Western  portion  of  the  State  (N.  Y.) 
the  limit  between  the  Medina  sandstone  and  Clinton  Group  is  well  defined,  and 
the  materials  very  distinct;  but,  in  the  central  part  of  the  State,  we  find  the  same 
conditions  which  operated  during  the  deposition  of  the  Medina  sandstone  to  have 
been  continued  into  the  Clinton  Group.  The  latter  commences  by  a  shaly 
deposit,  which  is  soon  succeeded  by  alternations  of  sandstone,  in  character  pre- 
cisely like  the  Medina  sandstone.  The  general  character  of  the  marine  vegeta- 
tion of  the  two  periods  is  similar;  and  a  peculiar  t3^pe  of  plants  commences  its 
existence  in  the  Medina  sandstone,  and  terminates  in  the  Clinton  Group.  When 
we  examine  the  Clinton  Group  in  the  central  part  of  the  State,  its  analogies  are 
chiefly  with  the  Medina  sandstone;  and  it  is  there  a  powerful  and  important 
formation,  presenting,  however,  great  variation  in  its  successive  beds  and  charac- 
ters, in  every  respect  truly  protean.  In  its  Western  extension,  the  Clinton  Group 
assimilates  in  character  to  the  Niagara  Group,  and  in  the  Western  district  has 
nearly  lost  the  character  which  it  presents  in  Oneida  county.  At  the  same  time 
that  the  Group  assumes  a  more  calcareous  character  in  its  Western  extension,  it 


10  STRATIGEAPHICAL    GEOLOGY. 

loses  the  fossils  which  were  typical  of  it,  and  becomes  charged  with  fossils  pecu- 
liar to  calcareous  strata.  Thus,  while  we  find  its  lower  beds,  from  Wayne  county 
Westward  to  the  Niagara  river,  characterized  by  .peculiar  fossils,  we  find  the 
upper  beds  containing  many  species  which  pass  upward  into  the  Niagara  Group. 
Indeed,  there  is  no  line  which  can  be  designated  between  these  two  Groups,  which 
shall  mark  the  limits  of  the  organic  products.  It  is  true,  nevertheless,  that  by 
far  the  greater  part  of  the  fossils  of  the  two  Groups  are  distinct;  and  the  small 
number  in  the  lower  Group,  of  those  which  we  regard  as  proper  to  the  Niagara 
Group,  are  for  the  most  part  inconspicuous,  and  not  so  well  developed  as  they  are 
in  the  Niagara."     Again,  he  says: 

"  In  tracing  the  Clinton  Group  Westerly,  we  find  its  affinities  more  with  the 
rocks  below,  or  that  the  material  and  fossils  recognized  on  the  one  side  as  the 
Clinton  formation  are  not  strongly  separated  from  the  upper  beds  of  the  Hudson 
River  Group;  and  studied  in  these  localities  alone,  they  might  be  regarded  as 
constituting  part  of  the  same.  On  the  other  hand,  the  Niagara  becomes  defined 
as  a  calcareous  Group,  and  the  line  between  it  and  the  strata  below  is  strongly 
drawn.  The  base  of  this  limestone  would  everywhere  be  recognized  as  the  base 
of  the  Upper  Silurian  Rocks,  while  the  strata  below  are  marked  by  fossils  which 
belong  to  the  Lower  Silurian  fauna." 

The  Niagara  Group  consists  of  shales  and  limestones,  and  may,  for  the  pur- 
poses of  this  introduction,  include  the  lenticular  mass  of  dolomitic  limestones 
found  in  Canada,  and  bearing  the  name  Guelph  Group.  The  Guelph  Group  takes 
its  name  from  the  town  of  Guelph  in  Canada,  where  it  is  about  160  feet  in  thick- 
ness. At  Lockport  and  at  Niagara  Falls,  the  Niagara  Group  consists  of  about 
80  feet  of  shales,  and  164  feet  of  limestones.  The  Group  is  found  exposed  in 
Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois  and  other  Western  States,  rarely  exceeding  400  feet  in 
thickness;  but  in  Tennessee  it  reaches  1,700  feet,  and  is  subdivided  as  follows: 
1st,  Clinch  Mountain  sandstone,  consisting  of  shales  and  sandstones,  700  feet; 
2d,  White  Oak  Mountain*  sandstone,  500  feet ;  3d,  Dyestone  Group  of  shales  and 
sandstones,  which  takes  its  name  from  an  iron  ore,  which  is  sometimes  used  as  a 
dyestone,  300  feet;  and  4th,  Meniscus  Limestone,  which  takes  its  name  from  a 
lens  or  a  meniscus-shaped  fossil  sponge,  named  by  Roemer,  Astraiosponyia 
meniscus,  200  feet. 

Prof.  Hall  says :  "  The  rocks  of  this  Group,  where  best  developed  in  Western 
New  York,  consist  of  a  mass  of  shale,  succeeded  by  one  of  limestone,  the  passage 
from  the  former  to  the  latter  taking  place  by  the  gradual  increase  of  calcareous 
matter.  The  upper  or  terminating  limestone  of  the  Clinton  Group  is  succeeded 
by  a  soft  argillo-calcareous  shale,  which  maintains  its  character  unchanged  for  a 
thickness  of  80  to  100  feet.  Throughout  the  greater  part  of  this  it  abounds  in 
fossils,  nearly  all  of  which  are  distinct  from  those  in  the  beds  of  the  Clinton 
Group.  In  the  Western  part  of  New  York,  the  lithological  characters  of  the 
Clinton  and  Niagara  Groups  are  so  similar,  that  they  could  well  be  united.  The 
fossils  also  of  the  two  Groups,  though  generally  distinct,  are  nevertheless  generic- 
ally  similar,  and  several  species  pass  from  the  lower  to  the  higher  Group.  Still 
farther  West,  the  assimilation  becomes  more  perfect,  and  there  appears  to  be 
no  line  of  separation  between  the  two  Groups.  At  the  same  time  the  fossils 
appear  to  be  commingled." 


STKATIGKAPHICAL    GEOLOGY.  11 

The  Onondaga  Salt  Group  is  sometimes  called  the  Onondaga  limestone  or 
Gypsiferous  series.  Its  outcrop  in  New  York  is  traced,  says  Prof.  Hall,  from 
Montgomery-  county,  where  the  formation  is  represented  by  a  thin  band,  West- 
ward into  Wayne  county,  where  it  attains  a  thickness  of  1,000  feet,  and  thinning 
out  towards  Canada,  it  crosses  the  Niagara  river,  at  300  feet  in  thickness,  whence 
it  is  traced  Northwestwardly  to  Lake  Huron,  and  thence  to  Mackinac.  It  is  also 
exposed  in  Pennsylvania,  where  it  was  called  the  Surgent  red  marl,  and  in  West- 
ern and  Southern  localities.  In  its  lower  part,  it  is  made  up  chiefly  of  marls  and 
thin  shaly  limestones,  which  include  the  gypsum  and  salt.  Its  upper  portion 
consists  of  magnesian  limestones,  often  yielding  hydraulic  or  water  lime,  and  is 
hence  sometimes  distinguished  as  the  Water  Lime  Group,  where  it  really  forms 
part  of  the  Onondaga  Group. 

The  Lower  Helderberg  Group  has  a  wide  geographical  range,  but  is  not  sus- 
ceptible of  subdivision  into  man}-  Groups,  at  any  great  distance  from  the  Helder- 
berg Mountains,  where  Vanuxem  separated  it  into  ;  1st,  Water  Lime  Group  or 
Tentaculite  limestone  ;  2d,  Pentamerus  limestone  ;  3d,  Deltbyris  shaly  lime- 
stone ;  4th,  Encrinal  limestone  ;  and  5th,  Upper  Pentamerus  limestone.  The 
Water  Lime  Group  was  so  called  from  its  yielding  hydraulic  cement,  and  is  about 
200  feet  thick  in  New  York,  and  thins  out  in  Canada  in  a  Northwesterly  direc- 
tion. Pentamerus  limestone  took  its  name  from  the  Pentamerus  galeatus  found 
in  it,  in  Cherry  Valley,  New  York,  where  it  is  about  30  feet  thick.  The  Delthy- 
ris  shaly  limestone  was  so  named  from  the  abundance  of  Spirifera  macropleura, 
and  S.  pachoptera,  formerly  called  Delthyris,  found  in  it.  It  is  about  70  feet 
thick.  The  Encrinal  limestone  is  about  25  feet  thick,  and  was  so  named  from 
the  quantity  of  broken  encrinites  it  contains.  It  has  also  been  called  the  Scu- 
tella  limestone,  from  a  shield-like  pelvis  of  a  crinoid  found,  in  it.  The  Upper 
Pentamerus  limestone  is  about  75  feet  thick,  and  was  so  named  from  the  abund- 
ance of  Pentamerus  pseudogaleatus  with  which  it  is  characterized. 

The  Lower  Helderberg  attains  the  greatest  thickness  of  2,000  feet,  at  Gaspe, 
Canada.  It  is  1,720  feet  in  Pennsylvania,  400  to  500  in  New  York,  and  from  100 
to  200  feet  thick  in  the  Western  States. 

The  fossils  of  this  Group  are  quite  similar  to  those  of  the  Niagara,  and  mark 
a  very  gradual  development  from  the  former  to  the  latter.  The  Water  Lime 
Group  is  especially  characterized  by  large  crustaceans  of  the  genera  Eurypterus 
and  Pterygotus,  the  highest  forms  of  organized  life,  which,  so  far  as  we  know, 
had,  up  to  this  period,  appeared  upon  the  earth. 

The  rocks  of  the  Upper  Silurian  formation,  as  shown  by  the  preceding  esti- 
mates, are  about  8,000  feet  in  thickness.  They  contain  the  fossil  remains  of 
no  vertebrate  animal  so  far  as  yet  known.  They  shoAvthe  uninterrupted  course  of 
oceanic  life  from  one  Group  of  rocks  to  the  next,  and  the  gradual  appearance  of 
higher  organisms,  and  yet  they  are  without  land  plants,  save  perhaps  a  species 
of  Psilophyton,  and  vertebrate  animals,  even  of  the  lowest  oceanic  tj-pes.  The 
student  of  biology  and  the  laws  of  evolution  may  pause  here  and  reflect  upon  the 
fact,  that  from  the  geological  horizon  of  the  Eozoon  canadense,  we  have  passed 
upwards  through  nearly  eighteen  miles  in  thickness  of  oceanic  deposits,  which 
represent  many  millions  of  years  as  we  understand  the  laws  of  deposition,  and 
while  the  changes  in  the  forms  of  life  have  been  numerous  and  wonderful,  and 


12  STRATIGKAPHICAL    GEOLOGY. 

the  development  into  higher  forms  constant  throughout  the  whole  period,  yet 
that  life  had  found  its  most  complete  development  in  a  lowly  organized  articu- 
late animal— the  awkwardly  constructed,  loosely  thrown  together— flimsy 
Eurypterus. 

The  Devonian  formation  was  so  named  by  Murchison  from  Devonshire,  Eng- 
land. It  is  subdivided  in  ascending  order  into:  1st,  Oriskany  Sandstone;  2d, 
Upper  Helderberg  Group;  3d,  Hamilton  Group;  4th,  Portage  Group;  5th,  Che- 
mung Group;  and  6th,  the  Catskill  Group. 

The  Oriskany  Sandstone  takes  its  name  trom  Oriskany,  in  Oneida  county, 
New  York.  It  has  a  wide  geographical  range,  being  found  in  Canada,  New  York, 
Pennsylvania,  Maryland,  Illinois,  and  other  States.  Its  maximum  thickness  is 
placed  at  300  feet. 

Prof.  Hall  says:  "The  line  of  demarkation  between  subordinate  Groups,  and 
the  line  of  separation  between  systems,  are  equally  strong,  and  that  the  whole 
series  may  be  regarded  as  a  succession  of  minor  Groups;  that  the  strong  lines  of 
division  are  almost  always  due  to  the  absence  of  some  formation,  which  if  present, 
would  show  a  gradation  to  the  next;  and  these  subdivisions  into  systems  have 
been  made  dependent  on  the  imperfection  rather  than  the  perfection  of  the  se- 
quence. Thus  the  strong  line  of  demarkation  between  the  Silurian  and  Devonian 
which  exists  where  the  lower  Helderberg  Group  is  absent,  is  softened  to  a  gentle 
gradation  through  the  intervention  of  these  strata  and  the  Oriskany  sandstone. 
Where  these  are  present  in  all  their  members,  the  line  of  separation  becomes  less 
sharply  defined,  and  we  have  some  evidence  that  there  may  exist  other  intermedi- 
ate members,  or  a  more  full  development  of  those  now  known  between  the  two 
formations."     (Pal.  of  N.  Y.,  vol.  iii.,  p.  35.) 

In  Southern  Illinois,  the  Oriskany  sandstone  of  the  Devonian  system  is  un- 
derlaid by  a  Group  of  silicious  limestones,  that  in  their  upper  beds  contain  well 
marked  Devonian  fossils,  and  below  those  that  seem  to  be  characteristic,  Upper 
Silurian  forms;  thus  forming  beds  of  passage  from  the  Upper  Silurian  to  the 
Devonian  systems.  This  Group  seems  to  hold  about  the  same  relation  to  these 
two  systems  that  the  Anticosti  Group  of  Canada  holds  between  the  Upper  and 
Lower  Silurian  of  that  country.  This  Group  is  called  the  "  Clear  creek  lime- 
stone," and  is  limited  in  its  outcrop  to  the  counties  of  Jackson,  Union,  and  Alex- 
ander, first  making  its  appearance  in  the  bluff's  of  Mississippi,  at  the  lower  end 
of  the  ridge  known  as  the  "Devil's  backbone,"  in  Jackson  county,  and  continuing 
along  the  river  bluffs  to  Clear  creek,  in  Union  county,  where  they  are  fully 
developed,  and  where  they  probably  attain  their  maximum  thickness  of  from  250 
to  350  feet.  (Geo.  of  111.,  vol.  i.,  p.  125.)  Subsequent  investigations,  and  a 
more  complete  collection  of  the  fossils  which  belonged  to  the  upper  and  lower 
divisions  of  the  mass,  led  to  the  conclusion  that  the  upper  division  represented, 
at  least  in  part,  the  Oriskany  period,  and  the  lower,  the  Delthyris  shaly  beds  of 
the  Lower  Helderberg  series.  And  in  accordance  with  this  view,  without  any 
well  marked  line  of  separation  on  lithological  grounds,  but  supported  by  an  ex- 
amination of  the  same  beds  in  Perry  county,  Missouri,  the  upper  200  feet,  at  the 
maximum  thickness,  is  placed  in  the  lower  division  of  the  Oriskany  period,  and 
the  lower  200  feet,  at  the  maximum  thickness,  is  placed  in  the  Lower  Helderberg 
period.     (Geo.  of  111.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  8;  vol.  iii.,  p.  24.) 


STRATIGRAPHICAL    GEOLOGY.  13 

The  Upper  Helderberg  Group,  in  its  fullest  development,  consists  of  four 
members,  the  Caudagalli  grit,  the  Schoharie  grit,  the  Onondaga  and  Corniferous 
limestones.  The  first,  when  characteristic,  is  a  dark,  gritty  slate,  which  has  a  cleav- 
age vertical  to  the  line  of  deposition,  and  is  generally  destitute  of  fossils;  but  with 
surfaces,  covered  with  curved,  fucoid-like  markings,  which  have  given  it  its 
name.  This  rock  constitutes  beds  of  passage  from  the  Oriskany  sandstone,  and 
graduates  above  into  the  Schoharie  grit,  which  is  an  arenaceous  limestone, 
weathering  to  a  brownish  color,  and  succeeded  by  the  gray,  subcrystalline,  coral- 
line formation,  which  is  known  in  New  York  as  the  Onondaga  limestone,  while 
the  Corniferous  limestone  consists  of  the  higher  dark-colored  chert  beds  of  the 
Group.     (Hall's  Pal.,  vol.  iii.,  p.  43.) 

The  Caudagalli  grit  was  named  from  a  fucoid  having  some  resemblance  in 
form  to  the  tail  of  a  chicken  cock.  It  has  a  small  geographical  range,  and  its 
maximum  thickness  in  New  York  is  placed  at  70  feet. 

The  Schoharie  grit,  named  from  Schoharie,  New  York,  has  a  small  geo- 
graphical range  and  no  considerable  thickness.  In  Pennsylvania  and  New 
Jersey,  where  the  Caudagalli  and  Schoharie  grits  have  been  called  the  Post  Meri- 
dian grits,  they  have  a  thickness  of  300  feet.  This  Group  in  New  York  consists 
of  a  fine  grained  calcareous  sandstone,  somewhat  resembling  the  Oriskany,  but 
bearing  quite  different  fossils. 

No  vertebrate  animal  has  yet  made  its  appearance. 

The  Onondaga  limestone  is  only  from  20  to  50  feet  thick  in  New  York,  and, 
though  traced  over  a  great  extent  of  country,  rarely  exceeds  that  thickness.  In 
Missouri  it  is  said  to  vary  from  10  inches  to  75  feet  in  thickness,  but  there  are 
few  if  any  Western  localities  where  this  Group  can  be#separated  from  the  Cor- 
niferous. 

The  Corniferous  limestone  was  named  from  the  chert  found  in  it,  which 
breaks  with  a  corny  fracture.  It  varies  from  100  to  200  feet  in  thickness,  in 
Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Pennsylvania  and  New  York.  It  is  from  300  to  400  feet 
thick  in  Michigan,  and  reaches  its  maximum  of  850  feet  at  Tilsonbury,  Canada. 
At  Louisville,  Kentucky,  this  Group  consists  of  a  mass  of  fossil  corals,  in  a  bed 
of  hard  limestone.  It  has  the  appearance  of  having  been  a  coral  reef,  and  has 
been  so  designated,  but  the  limestone  is  so  firm  that  perfect  specimens  of  the 
corals  are  not  easily  procured. 

This  is  the  Group  of  rocks  in  which  the  first  remains  of  vertebrate  animals 
are  found.  These  remains  consist  generally  of  the  teeth  of  fish,  but  other  hard 
parts  are  also  found.  Some  strata  are  known  which  are  literally  a  mass  of  fish 
teeth  cemented  together  in  a  compact  limestone.  Land  plants  become  more  com- 
mon in  this  Group. 

The  maximum  of  these  subdivisions  of  the  Upper  Helderberg  Group  is  there- 
fore 1,225  feet.  Each  subdivision  in  New  York  is  characterized  by  distinct  fos- 
sils, but  in  Canada  several  of  the  most  characteristic  species  of  the  Oriskany 
sandstone  ascend  through  each  of  the  overlying  Groups  into  the  Corniferous. 

From  this  time  forward,  the  five  sub-kingdoms  in  animal  life  are  represented 
in  every  Group  of  rocks  capable  of  their  preservation,  viz.  :  Protista,  Radiates, 
Mollusks,  Articulates,  and  Vertebrates.  They  all  continue  to  change  and  de- 
velop, but  the  great  field  of  evolution  is  well  nigh  surrendered  to  the  Vertebrates, 


14  STRATIGRAPHICAL    GEOLOGY. 

which  have  commenced  an  existence  in  the  lowest  forms  of  marine  fish,  soon  to 
appear  in  higher  states  of  perfection,  and  to  be  followed  by  a  number  of  Ba- 
trachian  or  Reptilian  forms  before  the  close  of  palaeozoic  time. 

The  Hamilton  Group  was  named  by  Vanuxem,  from  Hamilton,  Madison 
county,  New  York.  In  its  fullest  development,  it  consists  of  the  Marcellus 
shale,  Ludlowville  shale,  Encrinal  limestone,  Moscow  shale,  Tully  limestone,  and 
Genessee  slate.  It  is  about  1,200  feet  thick  in  Eastern  New  York,  and  1,150  feet 
in  Eastern  Pennsylvania.  It  thins  out  Westerly  and  Southerly,  but  maintains 
a  thickness  of  from  300  to  600  feet  in  Canada. 

Prof.  Hall  says :  "  The  Hamilton  Group  consists,  in  Eastern  New  York,  at 
base  of  the  black  Marcellus  shale,  including  some  bands  of  Goniatite  limestone. 
Next  succeeds  a  hard,  compact,  calcareo-arenaceous  shale,  which,  under  atmos- 
pheric influences,  crumbles  into  angular  fragments.  This  is  followed  by  more 
arenaceous  bands,  and  by  bands  of  soft  slaty  shale,  with  arenaceous  shale  or  ar- 
gillaceous sandstone,  and  with  some  thin  bands  of  limestone,  which  are  almost  en- 
tirely composed  of  organic  remains.  Toward  the  Western  part  of  New  York  the 
coarser  materials  gradually  diminish,  and  we  find  an  increasing  proportion  of 
soft  shales,  with  a  more  general  diffusion  of  the  calcareous  matter,  and  the  mass 
is  terminated  by  a  limestone.  Finally,  from  the  Genessee  river  to  the  Western 
limits  of  the  State,  the  entire  Group,  above  the  Marcellus  shale,  which  is  persis- 
tent, consists  of  dark,  soft  shales  and  bands  of  limestone.  Thus  the  lithological 
characters  are  at  the  East,  an  olive  shale  and  sandstone;  at  the  West,  a  grayish- 
blue,  calcareous  shale,  with  bands  of  limestone.     (Pal.,  vol.  iii.,  p.  46.) 

The  Portage  Group  was  named  from  Portage,  New  York.  It  is  1,400  feet 
thick  in  the  Eastern  part  jof  the  State,  and  1,150  feet  thick  in  Eastern  Pennsylva- 
nia. It  thins  out  Westerly  and  Northerly.  The  Black  Slate  or  Huron  Shale  of 
Michigan  and  Ohio  belongs  to  this  Group,  and  is  from  300  to  400  feet  thick.  It 
is  from  100  to  200  feet  thick  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  and  New  Albany,  Indiana, 
and  50  feet  thick  in  Missouri.  The  Group  ought  not  to  be  called  the  Huron  Shale 
either  in  Ohio  or  elsewhere,  because  that  name  was  appropriated  by  the  early 
Canadian  geologists,  and  applied  to  a  Group  of  Metamorphic  rocks.  If  one 
were  to  speak  of  the  slate  in  the  Huronian  Group,  it  would  be  called  the  Huron 
Slate,  and  so  would  shale  if  found  there,  be  properly  designated  as  Huron  Shale. 
The  words  Huron  and  Huronian  have  the  same  signification,  and  are  too  near  alike 
to  be  used  to  designate  widely  separated  Groups  of  rocks.  The  "  Huron  Shale  " 
is  a  synonym  for  the  "  Portage  Group,"  with  nothing  to  commend  its  use,  because 
it  has  neither  geographical  nor  local  significance. 

The  Chemung  Group  was  named  from  Chemung,  New  York,  and  is  about 
2,000  feet  thick  in  the  Eastern  part  of  that  State,  but  at  Huntington,  Pennsylvania, 
it  is  3,200  feet  in  thickness.  It  thins  out  to  the  West,  and  is  estimated  at  only 
400  feet  in  Ohio,  where  it  is  called  the  Erie  Shale,  and  200  feet  in  Missouri. 
While  the  Hamilton,  Portage  and  Chemung  Groups  in  New  York  are,  combined, 
only  about  4,000  feet  thick,  and  in  Pennsylvania  do  not  much  exceed  6,000,  at 
Gaspe,  Canada,  they  are  7,036  feet,  though  this  estimate  may  include  the  Catskill 
Group. 

The  passage  from  the  Silurian  formation  to  the  Devonian  at  Gaspe,  Canada, 
where  the  rocks  are  exposed  9,000  feet  in  thickness,  is  not  evidenced  by  any 


STRATIGRAPHICAL  GEOLOGY.  '    15 

change  in  lithological  character,  and  is  hardly  determinable  from  an  examination 
of  the  fossils.  The  lower  2,000  feet  is  classed  with  the  Helderberg  Group  in  the 
Silurian,  but  it  may  include  the  Oriskany  sandstone  of  the  Devonian  series.  The 
upper  7,036  feet  are  supposed  to  represent  all  the  other  Groups  in  the  Devonian 
formation  of  New  York,  but  the  divisions  are  not  clearly  defined  as  in  New  York, 
nor  readily  separable  from  an  examination  of  either  the  fossils  or  the  rocks. 
(Geo.  of  Canada,  1863.  p.  396;  do.  1866,  p.  260;  Hall's  Pal,  vol.  iii.,  p.  45.) 

A  very  interesting  Group  of  rocks,  because  of  the  highly  fossiliferous  charac- 
ter and  abundance  of  Goniatites,  is  exposed  at  Rockford,  near  Seymour,  Indiana, 
which  probably  represents  part  of  the  Chemung  Group;  though  Prof.  Meek  and 
the  Illinois  geologists  have  regarded  it  as  the  representative  of  the  Kinderhook 
Group. 

The  shales  and  sandstones  of  the  Catskill  Group  form  in  their  greatest  ex- 
pansion at  the  Catskill  Mountains,  from  which  the  Group  takes  its  name,  a  mass 
of  at  least  3,000  feet  in  thickness.  The  Group  is  composed  of  red  and  greenish 
or  olive  shales  and  shaly  sandstones,  with  some  gray  and  mottled  sandstones 
and  conglomerates. 

In  Pennsylvania  this  Group  is  divided  into:  1st,  Ponent  Red  Sandstone, 
which  is  5,000  feet  thick  in  its  Southeastern  outcrops;  2d,  Vespertine,  Conglom- 
erate and  sandstone,  2,660  feet  in  thickness,  near  the  Susquehanna,  making  a  total 
thickness  of  7,660  feet. 

The  rocks  of  the  Devonian  age  are  therefore  15,235  feet,  or  nearly  three  miles 
in  thickness,  and  are  connected  together  by  their  interlocking  fossil  contents,  and 
united  with  those  of  Silurian  age,  precisely  as  the  Lower  Silurian  Groups  are  re- 
lated to  each  other. 

The  Devonian  rocks  are  followed  by  the  Carboniferous,  which  are  divided 
into  :  1st,  Lower  Carboniferous  ;  2d,  Carboniferous  Conglomerate  ;  3d,  Coal 
Measures  ;  and  4th,  Permian. 

The  Lower  Carboniferous  Group,  in  Nova  Scotia,  consists  of  reddish  and 
gray  sandstones  and  shales,  conglomerates  and  thick  beds  of  limestone,  with  ma- 
rine shells  and  gypsum,  and  is  7,636  feet  in  thickness.  On  the  island  of  Bona- 
venture,  it  is  about  2,000  feet  in  thickness,  or  with  the  Carboniferous  conglomer- 
ate 2,766,  and  contains  the  Eatonia  peculiaris,  which  is  found  in  the  Oriskany 
sandstone  of  New  York.  In  Illinois,  the  Lower  Carboniferous  is  subdivided  into 
Groups  in  ascending  order  as  follows  :  1st,  Kinderhook  Group,  from  100  to  150 
feet ;  2d,  Burlington  Group,  from  25  to  200  feet  ;  3d,  Keokuk  Group,  from  100 
to  150  feet  ;  4th,  St.  Louis  Group,  from  50  to  200  feet ;  and  5th,  Chester  Group, 
from  500  to  800  feet.  In  Missouri,  it  is  subdivided  in  ascending  order,  into:  1st, 
Encrinital  limestone  ;  2d,  Archimedes  limestone ;  3d,  St.  Louis  limestone  ; 
and  4th,  Ferruginous  sandstone  ;  the  maximum  thickness  of  which  is  only  about 
1,200  feet.  The  Burlington  Group  has  been  called  the  Encrinital  limestone,  and 
in  Missouri  it  is  500  feet  thick.  The  Keokuk  limestone  is  the  Archimedes  lime- 
-  stone  of  Owen.  The  Warsaw  limestone  is  sometimes  called  the  second  Archi- 
medes limestone.  The  St.  Louis  limestone  was  called  the  Concretionary  lime- 
stone by  Owen.  The  Chester  Group  has  been  called  Kaskaskia  limestone,  Up- 
per Archimedes  limestone,  and  Pentremital  limestone.  In  Tennessee,  the  Lower 
Carboniferous  is  subdivided  into  the  Mountain   limestone  and   Siliceous  Group- 


16  STRATIGRAPHICAL  GEOLOGY. 

The  total  thickness  is  about  1,200  feet.  In  Ohio  the  Group  is  subdivided  into 
the  Cleveland  Shale,  Bedford  Shale,  Berea  Grit  and  Cuyahoga  Shale,  these  to- 
gether constitute  what  is  also  known  as  the  Waverly  Group,  named  from  the 
quarries  at  Waverly,  Ohio.  In  Michigan,  Prof.  Winchell  subdivided  the  Group 
into  the  Marshal]  Group,  Napoleon  Group,  Michigan  Salt  Group,  and  Carbon- 
it'cious  limestone,  the  total  thickness  of  which  is  550  feet.  In  the  Anthracite 
Coal  region  of  Pennsylvania  this  Group  lias  a  maximum  thickness  of  3,000  feet, 
and  consists  mainly  of  red  shale;  it  thins  out  rapidly  towards  the  Northwest,  but 
maintains  a  great  thickness  Southwardly  through  Virginia  and  into  Alabama, 
gradually  changing  its  character,  however,  to  a  calcareous  limestone. 

The  Lower  Carboniferous  rocks  present  us  with  a  greater  number  of  species 
of  Crinoids,  and  these  in  greater  profusion  than  all  the  other  subdivisions  of  the 
Paheozoic  rocks.  A  single  locality  at  Burlington,  Iowa,  in  the  Burlington  Group, 
has  furnished  about  350  species.  Another  locality  at  Crawfordsville,  Indiana, 
has  almost  a  world-wide  reputation  for  the  great  beauty,  perfection  and  abun- 
dancy  of  its  crinoids.     It  is  in  the  Keokuk  Group. 

"  The  genus  Nautilus  among  the  Cephalopoda  is  clearly  recognized  and  is 
quite  abundant,  while  the  genus  Orthoceras,  whose  perfection  represented  an  or- 
ganization akin  to  the  embryonic  form  of  the  Nautilus  has  become  correspond- 
ingly rare. 

The  Carboniferous  conglomerate  is  1,400  feet  in  thickness  in  Pennsylvania, 
and  entirely  thins  out  before  reaching  the  Mississippi  river.  It  is  only  from  100 
to  200  feet  thick  in  Ohio. 

Prof.  Hall  says :  "  It  was  evidently  formed  from  the  fragments  of  older  for- 
mations, drifted,  water-worn,  rounded  and  deposited  with  the  larger  pieces  at  the 
base,  and  the  whole  cemented  together  with  smaller  pebbles  and  sand.  The 
depth  of  the  formation  in  Pennsylvania,  and  its  thinning  out  to  the  North  and 
West,  shows  the  current  to  have  been  from  Southeast  to  Northwest,  and  probably 
indicates  the  close  proximity  of  the  source  in  a  Southeasterly  direction.  In 
Michigan  the  thinning  out  is  toward  the  South,  or  in  a  contrary  direction.  In 
Illinois  the  formation  thins  out  from  the  West  toward  the  East.  The  character  of 
this  formation,  its  manner  of  deposition,  the  currents  which  must  have  existed 
to  distribute  it,  all  indicate  that  this  continent  was  an  archipelago  at  the  era  of 
the  Carboniferous  conglomerate." 

In  some  places  the  conglomerate  is  a  quartzose  grit  used  for  millstones,  and 
it  is  hence  called  the  Millstone  grit. 

The  Coal  Measures  are  14,570  feet  thick  in  Nova  Scotia,  8,000  feet  in  Penn- 
sylvania, 2,500  feet  in  Tennessee,  2,000  feet  in  Ohio,  1,200  feet  in  Illinois,  640 
feet  in  Missouri,  2,000  feet  in  Kansas,  and  a  greater  thickness  in  Nebraska. 

This  Group  is  sometimes  divided  into  Upper  and  Lower  Coal  Measures,  a 
separation  that  seems  to  be  founded  upon  the  fossil  contents  in  many  places. 

Land  Plants,  which  began  their  existence  in  the  Devonian  era,  if  we  except 
Psilophyton  princeps,  became  abundant  in  the  Coal  Measures.  They  are  distri- 
buted through  the  rocks,  the  shales,  and  the  coal.  Marine  Vegetation,  the  growth 
of  the  Marsh,  and  the  Flora  of  dry  land,  existed  in  immense  quantities,  and  was 
widely  distributed,  but  the  higher  orders  of  plants  and  forest  trees  were  yet  un- 
known on  the  face  of  the  earth. 


STRATIGRAPHICAL    GEOLOGY.  17 

Among  the  Cephalopoda,  numereus  genera  and  species  had  disappeared. 
The  Nautilus  the  highest  form  then  developed,  was  common,  and  furnishes  us  with 
several  subgeneric  types,  thus  manifesting  its  prosperity,  and  pointing  to  its  con- 
tinuance in  succeeding  strata;  while  the  Orthoceras  had  become  rare  and  diminu- 
tive, preparatory  to  interring  the  last  of  the  family  in  this  Group  of  rocks. 

Among  the  Gasteropoda  there  was  a  decided  advancement  from  the  marine 
forms,  to  the  land  snails  of  the  genus  Pupa. 

Among  the  Articulates  the  progress  in  animal  life  was  still  more  clearly 
manifested,  not  only  in  the  appearance  of  the  marine  forms  of  the  genera  JSu- 
proops,  Acanthotelson,  and  Anthrapalcemon,  but  in  the  appearance  of  terrestrial 
insects  of  the  family  Neuropteridm;  Myriapods  of  the  genera  Eoscorpius,  Ma- 
zonia  and  Architarbus;  while  the  Trilobites  that  swarmed  in  frail  hulks  in  earlier 
days  gradually  became  extinct. 

The  wheel  of  evolution  rolled  yet  more  rapidly  among  the  Vertebrata.  The 
fish  became  more  diversified  and  more  highly  organized.  Amphibian  animals 
made  their  appearance  in  several  families,  some  of  them  were  protected  by  scales, 
others  were  not;  some  had  long  vertebral  columns,  others  had  short  ones;  some 
had  limbs  well  developed,  and  in  form  were  lizard-like,  while  others  were  desti- 
tute of  limbs  or  possessed  them  weak  and  half  developed. 

The  Permian  Group  was  so  named  by  Murchison  from  Perm,  a  government 
in  Russia.  This  Group  is  known  only  in  the  country  West  of  the  Mississippi, 
and  is  so  intimately  connected  with  the  Coal  Measures  as  to  be  hardly  separable. 
Its  maximum  thickness  does  not  exceed  500  feet.  The  maximum  thickness, 
therefore,  of  the  Carboniferous  Groups  ma}'  be  placed  at  24,100  feet. 

The  Carboniferous  rocks,  as  found  in  the  Uinta  Mountain  Region,  have  been 
subdivided  by  Powell  and  others,  into  four  Groups,  viz.:  Lodore  Group,  Red  Wall 
Group,  Lower  Aubrey  Group  and  Upper  Aubrey  Group. 

The  maximum  thickness  of  the  Groups  forming  the  Paleozoic  rocks  of 
North  America,  as  here  shown,  is  as  follows: 

Laurentian 32,750  feet. 

Huronian 20,000   " 

Lower  Silurian 48,745   " 

Upper  Silurian 8,000   " 

Devonian 15,235    " 

Carboniferous 24,100   " 

Total 148,830  feet. 

This  is  a  little  over  28  miles,  all  of  which  is  known  to  be  fossiliferous,  except 
the  three  miles  at  the  base.  It  ma}'  be,  that  the  thickness  of  some  of  the  Groups 
is  overestimated,  and  it  may  be,  that  two  Groups,  which  are  estimated,  were  de- 
posited at  the  same  time,  and  that  only  one  of  them  should  be  counted;  but  on 
the  other  hand,  it  may  be,  that  some  Groups  are  entirely  omitted,  and  that  others 
have  not  been  measured  at  the  place  of  their  greatest  thickness.  The  probability 
is,  therefore,  that  the  maximum  thickness  of  the  Groups,  when  more  certainly  as- 
certained, as  it  will  be  by  future  explorations  and  measurements,  will  not  fall  much, 
if  at  all,  below  the  present  estimate. 

The  limestones  of  the  Palaeozoic  rocks  were  formed  in  clear  ocean  waters, 
from  the  remains  of  calcareous  shells.     Their  formation  must  have  been  ex- 


18  STRATIGRAPHICAL    GEOLOGY. 

tremely  slow,  so  slow,  that  a  foot  may  represent  a  thousand  years,  or  even  more. 
The  shales,  clays  and  marls  may  have  been  deposited  with  greater  rapidity;  but 
when  we  consider,  that  the  change  from  one  kind  of  rock-forming  material  to  an- 
other indicates  a  break  in  the  continuity  of  time,  and  that  great  lapse  of  time  was 
necessary  for  the  growth  of  the  marine  and  land  vegetation,  which  formed  the  coal 
found  between  beds  of  clay  and  shale,  we  are  led  to  the  conclusion,  that  the  time 
which  elapsed  between  two  separate  beds  of  clay  and  shale,  or  marl,  added  to  the 
time  necessary  for  the  deposition  of  their  materials,  will,  on  the  whole,  make  their 
formation  as  slow  as  that  of  the  limestones.  The  sandstones  and  conglomerates, 
particularly  those  of  the  Coal  Measures,  seem  to  have  been  made  up  of  trans- 
ported materials,  and  were  therefore  deposited  much  faster  than  the  limestones, 
though  but  few  of  them  appear  to  have  been  made  with  any  rapidity.  The  even- 
ness of  the  strata,  over  a  great  extent  of  country,  indicates  slowness  in  trans- 
portation and  deposit.  The  fact,  that  the  materials  must  have  been  taken  from 
pre-existing  rocks,  by  the  water,  before  transportation,  tends  again  to  convince  us 
of  the  slowness  of  their  formation.  From  these  considerations,  it  would  not  be 
extravagant  to  say,  that  paheozoic  time  represents  more  than  one  hundred  millions 
of  years,  and  we  would  close  our  eyes  against  the  testimony  of  the  rocks,  were  we 
to  conclude  that  palaeozoic  time  could  be  estimated  by  years  less  than  many 
millions. 

The  vegetable  kingdom  began  with  the  lowest  of  its  kind,  the  algae  or  sea 
weeds,  and  with  the  lowest  forms  of  these.  The  development  was  as  gradual  as 
the  deposition  of  the  strata.  It  was  not  until  the  Devonian  age,  that  land  plants 
appeared  of  sufficient  firmness  for  preservation,  if  we  except  Dawson's  Psilophyton, 
which  probably  grew  in  a  marsh.  These  were  of  the  lowest  classes.  The}-  be- 
came more  diffuse  and  diversified  with  the  lapse  of  time  ;  but  the  palaeozoic  era 
closed  without  the  appearance  of  any  of  the  higher  orders  or  classes. 

The  animal  kingdom  likewise  began  with  the  lowest  of  its  kind,  the  Eozoon 
canadense.  The  learned  Dr.  Haeckel  has  established  the  fifth  sub-kingdom  in 
animal  life  to  include  forms  below  the  Radiata,  and  therefore  very  nearby  related 
to  inorganic  matter.  This  sub-kingdom  he  has  called  Protista.  The  Eozoon 
canadense,  under  this  classification,  belongs  to  the  order  Polythalamia,  sub-class 
Badiolaria,  class  lihizopoda,  sub-kingdom  Protista.  Ages  passed,  about  which 
we  know  very  little,  before  the  period  of  the  St.  John's  Group,  which  ushered  in 
the  lower  Silurian.  At  this  time  we  find  the  lowest  forms  of  the  Radiates,  Mol- 
lusks  and  Articulates.  The  Articulates  are  represented  by  the  lowest  forms  of 
theTrilobites,  which,  in  their  perfect  state,  represented  the  embryonic  condition 
of  the  existing  Limulus.  Millions  of  years  pass  by  again,  before  the  appear- 
ance of  Gasteropoda,  and  Cephalopoda,  in  the  Upper  Potsdam  Group ;  meantime 
the  system  of  life,  which  commenced  with  the  lowest  forms,  as  if  by  spontaneous 
generation,  by  evolution,  increases  species  and  genera  and  reaches  a  higher  and  still 
higher  grade  of  development.  Later  still,  in  the  Calciferous  Group,  the  Lamelli- 
branchiata  commenced  its  existence;  a  class  that  has  fought  its  way  through  all 
succeeding  time,  and  is  even  now  in  the  height  of  its  prosperity  and  advancement. 
All  classes  of  life,  which  existed  in  the  ocean,  up  to  the  first  appearance  of  the 
Lamellibranchiata,  continued  to  live,  develop,  increase  their  species  and  genera, 
and  improve,  through  millions  of  years,  before  the  Vertebrates  first  made  their  ap- 


STRATTGRAPHICAL    GEOLOGY.  19 

pearance  in  the  Devonian  seas.  During  all  this  time,  the  earth  was  barren  and 
lifeless.  Mighty  changes  had  taken  place,  mud  had  been  deposited  on  the  bed 
of  the  ocean  many  miles  in  thickness,  and  life  had  grown  from  its  mineral  origin 
in  the  ocean,  until  it  had  nearly  the  strength  to  maintain  itself  on  land;  but  all 
this  had  been  accomplished  as  silently  as  the  earth  moves  in  her  orbit.  The 
same  gradual  development  continued  throughout  each  sub-kingdom  to  the  close 
of  the  Carboniferous  period.  The  evolution  in  animal  forms  was  as  slow  as  time, 
and  quite  as  monotonous,  except  in  the  constant  progress  to  a  higher  and  more 
complicated  existence.  The  Coal  Measures  furnish  us  with  fish-like  remains, 
having  the  limbs  of  a  frog  or  the  breathing  capacit}"  of  a  tailed  batrachian. 
Several  genera  have  been  made  from  the  fossil  remains  of  this  period,  which 
bridge  the  chasm,  from  the  Ganoid  fish  to  the  batrachian  and  the  lacertian.  The 
highest  Palaeozoic  type  of  animal  life,  yet  known,  Prof.  Dawson  has  called 
Hylonomus  lyelli.  The  distinguished  principal  of  McGill  College  says,  that  it  pre- 
sents characters  partly  allying  it  to  the  newts  and  other  batrachians  and  partly 
to  the  true  lizards.  The  structure  of  the  skull  and  vertebrae  resembling  a 
batrachian,  and  the  well  developed  ribs,  broad  pelvis,  and  cutaneous  covering 
assimilating  it  to  the  true  lizards. 

The  following  inferences  are  therefore  to  be  drawn  from  the  testimony  af- 
forded by  the  Palaeozoic  rocks: 

First.  That  the  maximum  thickness  of  the  Groups  of  strata  is  from  twen- 
ty-five to  thirty  miles. 

Second.  That  it  required  many  millions  of  years  for  the  formation  of  these 
Groups.  ,     . 

Third.  That  both  vegetable  and  animal  life  commenced  an  existence,  in 
the  lowest  forms,  such  as  might  have  been  produced  by  a  concentration  of  chemi- 
cal forces,  or,  by  what  has  been  called  spontaneous  generation. 

Fourth.  That,  b}r  processes  of  evolution,  vegetable  life  developed  from 
marine  forms  to  land  plants. 

Fifth.  That  animal  life  began  in  the  sub-kingdom  Protista;  from  this  sub- 
kingdom,  by  processes  of  evolution  and  the  survival  of  the  fittest,  there  arose 
Radiates,  Mollusks,  Articulates  and  Vertebrates.  Each  of  these  sub-kingdoms 
is  now  in  the  highest  state  of  its  development,  though  many  families  and  some 
orders  in  each  sub-kingdom  have  had  their  day  and  become  extinct,  or  have  been 
on  the  decline  for  untold  ages. 


VEGETABLE  KINGDOM. 


PLAITTJB 


The  genus  Prototaxites  was  founded  by  Dawson  upon  fossil  wood,  supposed  to  resemble 
the  genus  Taxites.  The  same  author  founded  the  genus  Nematoxylon,  upon  what  he  supposed 
to  be  nearly  related  fossil  wood.  Mr.  Carruthers  examined  the  same  specimens  and  pro- 
nounced them  both  Algae,  and  founded  the  new  genus  Nematophycm.  Seeds,  stems,  roots 
and  other  organs  of  uncertain  affinity,  have  received  generic  and  specific  names.  Some 
fossils  are  classed  by  some  authors  with  the  Algae,  as  Cruziana,  Scolithux,  etc.,  while  others 
regard  them  as  tracks  of  marine  animals.  Authors  are  not  in  accord,  even  on  the  arrange- 
ment of  the  fronds  and  branches  of  ferns  into  families.  For  these  reasons,  I  have  not 
undertaken  to  arrange  the  fossils  of  the  vegetable  kingdom,  represented  in  the  palaeozoic 
rocks,  into  families. 


Acanthophytox,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  18.     [Ety.  akantha,   a 

thorn ;  phyton,  a  plant.] 
spinosum,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,    vol.    18,    Chemung   Gr.       [Sig. 

thorny.] 
Alethopteris,  Sternberg,  1825,  Vers.  Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt.    [Ety.  alethos,  true ; 

pteris,  a  fern.] 
acuta,    Brongniart,    18  2  8,     (Pecopteris 

acuta)    Prodrome  d'un   Histoire    des 

Vegetaux  Fossiles,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

acute.] 
aquilina,    Brongniart,    1828,    (Pecopteris 

aquilina)   Prodr.   Hist.    Veg.   Foss., 

Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  aquilimis,  like  an 

eagle ;   from  Pteris  aquilina,  the  eagle 

brake.] 
bunburyi,  Andrews,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
coxana,  Lesquereux,  1861,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
crenulata,   Brongniart,  1828,  (Pecopteris 

crenulata)    Prodr.    Hist.   Veg.    Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  slightly  crenulated 

or  zigzagged.] 
cristata,  Gutbier,  1843,  (Pecopteris  cris- 

tata)  in  Geea  von  Sachsen,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  crested.] 
discrepans,  Dawson,   1868,    Acad.  Geol., 

Devonian.     [Sig.  different.] 
distans,  Lesquereux,  1858,Geo.  Sur.Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  from  the  dis- 
tant pinnules.] 
emarginata,  Gceppert,   1836,    (Pecopteris 

emarginata)    Syst.   Filic.   Foss.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  without  a  border.] 
erosa,  Gutbier,  1843,  (Pecopteris  erosa)  in 

Gsea  von  Sachsen,  Coal    Meas.     [Sig. 

eroded.] 
falcata,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  sickle-shaped.] 


grandifolia,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal., 
vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  large-leaved.] 

grandis,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 
vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  grand,  large.] 

halli,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

heterophylla,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1833, 
(Pecopteris  heterophylla)  Foss.  Flora, 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  irregularly-leaved.] 

holdeni,  Andrews,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 
2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

hymenophylloides,  Lesquereux,  18  7  0, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 
from  resemblance  to  Hymenophyllites.'] 

inflata,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  inflated.] 

ingens,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  De- 
vonian.    [Sig.  huge.] 

laevis,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 
vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  smooth.] 

lanceolata,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  lance- 
shaped.] 

lonchitidis,  Sternberg,  1824,  (Filicites 
lonchiticus)  Vers.  Darst.  Flora  der 
Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  from  Lon- 
chitis;  the  fern,  "  adder's  tongue."] 

longifolia,  Presl,  1838,  (Pecopteris  longi- 
folia)  in  Sternb.  Flora  der  Vorwelt, 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  long-leaved.] 

macrophylla,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal. 
vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  long-leaved.] 

marginata,  Brongniart,  1828,  (Neuropteris 
marginata)  Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.  bordered.] 

massillonis,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

maxima,  Andrews,  1875,  Ohio.  Pal.,  vol. 
2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  the  largest.] 


PLANTS. 


mazonana,  Lesquereux,    1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
muricata,   Brongniart,    1828,  (Pecopteris 

muricata)  Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  armed  with  thorns.] 
nervosa,    Brongniart,    1828,    (Pecopteris 

nervosa)  Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  full  of  nerves.] 
ohscura,   Lesquereux,   185  8,   Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  from 

the  ohscure  nerves.] 
oweni,  Lesquereux,  I860,  Geo.  Rep.  Ark., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name,  j 
pectinata,   Lesquereux,   1866,  Geo.   Sur. 

111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  sloping 

two  ways,   like  a  comb.] 
pennsylvanica,  Lesquereux,   1858,   Geo. 

Sur.  Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
perleyi,  Hart,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Devon- 
ian.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pluckeneti,   Schlotheim,    1820,   (Filicites 

pluckeneti)  Petref.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
preciosa,  see  Pecopteris  preciosa. 
pteroideg,  Brongniart,   1828,    (Pecopteris 

pteroides)  Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  wing-formed.] 
rugosa,   Lesquereux,   1858,  Catal.  Potts- 

ville  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  wrinkled.] 
serlii,  Brongniart,  1828,  (Pecopteris  ser- 

lii)  Hist.  Veg.  Foss..  Coal  Meas.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
serrula,   Lesquereux,   18  58,    Geo.    Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.   di- 
minutive of  serra,  a  saw.] 
serrulata,  see  Pecopteris  serrulata. 
solida,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  solid.] 
spinulosa,   Lesquereux,   1870,   Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4.     [Sig.  full  of  little  spines.] 
stellata,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2.     [Sig.  starred.] 
taeniopteroidea,  Bunbury,  18  47,  Quar. 

Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  like  Tseniopteris.'] 
urophylla,  Brongniart,  1828,  (Pecopteris 

urophylla)   Hist.   Veg.  Foss.,  Coal 

Meas.    [Sig.  sharp-leaved.] 
Anarthrocanna,  Goeppert,  1845,  in  Tchih. 

Voy.      [Ety.  an,   without ;    arthros, 

joint ;  canna,  a  plant.] 
perryana,  Dawson,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  19,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Aneimitks,  Dawson,  1861,  Quar.  Jour.  Geol. 

Soc,  vol.  17 — A  subgenus  of  Oychpteris. 
acadim,  see  Cyclopteris  acadica. 
Annularia,   Sternberg,   1822,   Vers.    Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt.      [Ety.  annulus,  a 

ring.]    Wood,  in  1860,  proposed  the 

name  Trochophyllum  instead  of  An- 
nularia, because  the  latter  was  pre- 
occupied as  a  generic  name  in  the 

sub-kingdom  Mollusca. 
acuminata,  Dawson,  1861,  Can.  Nat.,  vol. 

6,  Devonian.     [Sig.  sharp-pointed.] 


calamitoidea,  Schimper,  1869,  Pal.  Veget., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like  a  Calamite.~\ 
dawsoni,    Schimper,  1869,  Palseontologie 

Vegetale,   Devonian.       [Ety.   proper 

name.]    Proposed  for  Asterophyllites 

latifolius,   of    Dawson,    because   that 

name  was  preoccupied, 
equisetiformis,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1835, 

Foss.  Flora,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 

from  the  resemblance  to  Equisetum.'] 
fertilis,  Sternb.,  1824,  Vers.  Darst.  Flora 

der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  fertile.] 
inflata,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  inflated.] 
laxa,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants  Canada, 

Devonian.     [Sig.  loose,  open.] 
longifolia,   Brongniart,    1828,    Prodrome 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 

longus,  long;  folium,  a  leaf.] 
minuta,  Brongniart,  1828,     Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  minute.] 
sphenophylloides,  Zenker,  1833,  (Galium 

sphenophylloides)     in     Leonh.     v. 

Bronn's  Jahrb.,Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  sjrfien, 

a  wedge;  phyllon,  a  leaf;  eidos,   form.] 
Antholithes,  Brongniart,    1822,   Mem.    du 

Mus.  d'Hist.  Nat.,  vol.  8.  [Ety.  anthos, 

flower;   lithos,  stone.] 
devonicus,   Dawson,   1868,    Acad.   Geol., 

Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
floridus,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants  Can., 

Devonian.     [Sig.  full  of  flowers.] 
priscus,   Newberry,    1854,    Ann.   of  Sci., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
pygmeus,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol. 

8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  dwarfish.] 
rhabdocarpus,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  rhabdos,  a 

rod;   karpos,  fruit.] 
squamosus,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol. 

8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  scaly.] 
spinosus,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  full  of  spines.] 
Araucarites,  Presl,  1838,  in  Sternberg,  Vers. 

Darst.  Flora  der  Vorwelt.    [Ety.  arau- 
carites, from  Araucaria,  a  genus  of  large 

trees  growing  in  the  Southern  hemis- 
phere, especially  in  Australia.] 
gracilis,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  slender.] 
Arch^eopteris,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat., vol. 

8.  [Ety.  archaios,  ancient ;  pteris,  fern.  ] 
acadica,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8, 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
harti,   Dawson,   1863,   Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8, 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
obtusa,  Lesquei-eux,  1858,  (Nceggerathia 

obtusa)  Geo.  Sur.  Penn.,  vol.  2,  Devon- 
ian.   [Sig.  obtuse.] 
stricta,  Andrews,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  pressed  together.] 
Arthraria,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  arthron,  a  joint.] 
antiquata,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
biclavata,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,  Cin.  Quar. 

Jour.  Sci.,   vol.  2,    Cin'ti   Gr.      [Sig. 

double-clubbed.] 


PLANTS. 


23 


Arthrophycus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2.     [Ety.   arthron,  a  joint;  phykos,   a 

sea  plant.] 
harlani,  Conrad,  1838,  (Fucoides  harlani) 

Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Medina  sandstone. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Arthrostigma,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants 

Canada.    [Ety.  arthron,  a  joint ;  stigma, 

a  dot  or  puncture.] 
gracile,  Dawson,  1871,   Foss.  Plants  Can., 

Devonian.     [Sig.  slender.] 
Artisia,  Sternberg,  1825,  Vers.  Darst.  Flora 

der  Yorwelt.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
transversa,  Steinhaur,  1818,  (Phytolithus 

transversus)  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Assoc, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  transverse.] 
Asplexites,  Goeppert,  1836,Systema  Filicum 

Fossilium.      [Ety.  Asplenium,  a  genus 

of  ferns.] 
ruber,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  ruber,  red.] 
Asterocarpls,  Goeppert,  1836,  Syst.  Fil. Foss. 

[Ety.  aster,  a  star  ;  karpos,  fruit.] 
grandis,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  great.] 
sternbergi,   Goeppert,   1836,    Syst.   Filic. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Asterophycts,  Lesquereux,  1876,  7th  Ann. 

Rep.  Geol.  Sur.  Ind.  [Ety.  aster,  a  star; 

phykos,  a  sea  weed.] 
coxi,  Lesquereux,  1876,  7th   Ann.  Rep. 

Geol.  Sur.  Ind.,  Low.  Carb.   &  Coal 

Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Asterophyli.ites^  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr. 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.      [Ety.  aster,  a  star; 

phyllon,  a  leaf.] 
acicularis,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.Geol. 

Soc,  vol.  18,  Devonian.     [Sig.  full  of 

small  pins.] 
apertus,  Lesquereux,  1858,Geo.Sur.Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  from  opening 

between  leaves  and  stem.] 
brardi,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
crassicaulis,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  crassus, 

thick ;  caulis,  a  stem.] 
curia,  see  Bechera  curta. 
equisetiformis,  Schlotheim,  1824,  in  Vers. 

Darst.  Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  like  unto  Equisetum.~\ 
erectifolius,    Andrews,    1875,   Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  leaves  erect.] 
foliosus,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1833,  Foss. 

Flora,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  full  of  leaves.] 
gracilis,  Lesquereux,  1860,  Geo.  Sur.Ark., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  slender.] 
grandis,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1833,  Foss. 

Flora,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  great.] 
lanceolatus,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  from 

the  lanceolate  point  of  the  leaf.] 
latifolius,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geol. 

Soc,  vol.  18,  see  Annularia  dawsoni. 
laxus,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Devon- 
ian.    [Sig.  loose.] 
lentus,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants  Can., 

Devonian.     [Sig.  pliant,  tough.] 


longifolius,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.   long- 
leaved.] 
minutus,  Andrews,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  small.] 
ovalis,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  from  the 

oval  nuts.] 
parvulus,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geol. 

Soc,  vol.  18,  Devonian.     [Sig.  small.] 
rigidus,   Brongniart,   1828,    Prodr.   Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  rigid.] 
scutigerus,   Dawson,    1862,    Quar.    Jour. 

Geol.  Soc,  vol.  18,  Devonian.     [Sig. 

shield-bearing.] 
sublaivis,   Lesquereux,  1858,    Geo.    Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  nearly 

smooth.] 
trinervis,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  three-veined.] 
tuberculatus,    Brongniart,    1828,    Prodr. 

Hist.   Veg.   Foss.,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

covered  with  tubercles.] 
Bechera,  Sternberg,  1824,  Vers.  Darst.  Flora 

der  Vorwelt.      [Ety.   proper  name.] 

Becheria  would  be  better  orthography, 
curta,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.   Geol.,  Coal 

Meas.    [Sig.  short.] 
grandis,  Bunbury,  1847,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  great.] 
tenuis,  Bunbury,  1846,  Am.   Jour.  Sci., 

2d  series,   vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

thin,  slender.] 
Beixertia,  Goeppert,  1836,  Syst.  Filic  Foss. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
gcepperti,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8, 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Brachyphyllum,   Brongniart,   1828,  Prodr. 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.    [Ety.  brachys,  short; 

phyllon,  a  leaf.] 
obtusum,   Lesquereux,    1858,   Geo.   Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  obtuse.] 
Buthotrepiiis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

[Sig.  growing  in  the  depths  of  the  sea.] 
antiquata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Calcif.  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
(?)  csespitosa,  Hall,  1850,  3rd  Reg.  Rep., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  turf-like.] 
flexuosa.  Emmons,  1844,  (Fucoides  flex- 

uosa)  Tac  Syst.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig. 

crooked.] 
gracilis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Tren- 
ton to  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 
gracilis  var.  crassa,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr.  [Ety.  crassus,  thick.] 
gracilis  var.  intermedia,  Hall,  1852,  Pal. 

N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Trenton  to  Clinton  Gr. 

[Ety.  intermediate  in  size  between  the 

gracilis  and  crassa.'] 
impudica,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  shameless,  immod- 
est.] 
lesquereuxi,  Grote  &  Pitt,  1876,  Buff.  Soc. 

Nat.    Hist.,  Water    Lime  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.]  , 

palmata,   Hall,    1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.  [Sig.  palmate,  having  lobes 

like  the  fingers  of  the  hand.] 


24 


PLANTS. 


ramosa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  branching.] 

ramulosa,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar. 
Jour.  Sci.,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig.  full  of  little 
branches.] 

subnodosa,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Hud.Riv.Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  nodose.] 

succulens,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  Gr.      [Ety.  succulens,  sappy, 
from  the  succulent  stems.] 
Calamites,   Guettard,   1751,  Mem.  Ac.  Sci. 
Paris,     [Ety.  calamus,  a  reed.] 

approximate,"  Schlotheim,  1820,  Petre- 
factenkunde,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  from 
the  closeness  of  the  joints.] 

arenaceus,  Jager,  1827,  Pflanzen-Verst- 
einerungen,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  sandy.] 

bistriatus,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  double- 
striated.]  This  name  was  preoccu- 
pied bv  Sternberg. 

cannEeformis,  Schlotheim,  1820,  Petrefac- 
tenkunde,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  like  the 
plant,  canna.}  t 

cisti,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss., 
Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

cruciatus,  Sternberg,  1824,  Vers.  Darst. 
Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
cross-shaped.] 

decoratus,  Steinhaur,  1818,  (Phytolithus 
decoratus)  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Assoc, 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ornamented.] 

disjunctus,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  sepa- 
rated into  joints.] 

dubius,  Artis,  1838,  Antedil.  Phytology, 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 

gigas,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss., 
Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  large.] 

gracilis,  Lesquereux,  1861,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky., 
vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  slender.] 

inornatus,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc,  vol.  18,  Devonian.  [Sig. 
unadorned.] 

nodosus,  Schlotheim,  1820,  Petrefacten- 
kunde,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  knotty,  knob- 
bed.] 

nova-scoticus,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geol.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

pachyderma,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 
Foss.,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  thick-barked.] 

ramosus,  Artis,  1838,  Antedil.  Phytology, 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  branching.] 

suckovi,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.Veg.Foss., 
Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

sulcatus,  Martin,  1809,  (Phytolithus  sul- 
catus)  Petrif.  Derb.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
furrowed.] 

tramitionis,  Dawson,  1861,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geol.,  Devonian.  [Sig.  going  across, 
passage.]  This  name  was  preoccupied 
by  Gceppert  in  1834. 

undulatus,  Sternberg,  1824,  Vers.  Darst. 
Flora  der  Vorelt,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
wavy*.] 

voltzi,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss., 
Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


Calamodendron,  Binney,  1868,  Observ.  on 

the  Struct,  of  Foss.  Plants,  etc.     [Ety. 

calamus,  a  reed ;  dendron,  a  tree.] 
antiquum,    Dawson,   1871,   Foss.    Plants 

Canada,  Devonian.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
obscurum,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol. 

8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  obscure,  hidden.] 
tenuistriatum,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants 

Canada,  Devonian.      [Sig.  fine-lined.] 
Calamocladus,  Schimper,  1869,  Palseontolo- 

gie  Vegetale.     Proposed  to  include  As- 

terophyllites  equisetiformis,  A.  foliosus,  A, 

longifolius,  A.  rigidus  &  Bechera  grandis, 
Callipter'is,  Brongniart,  1828,Tabl.  desVeg. 

Foss.     (Ety.  kalhs,  beautiful ;  pteris,  a 

fern.] 
sullivanti,   Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.   Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Cardiocakpon,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.       [Ety.    kardia,    a   heart;. 

karpos,  fruit.] 
affine,  Lesquereux,  1860,  Geo.  of   Ark., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  near  to.] 
annulatum,  Newberry,  1853,  Ann.  of  Sci.,. 

vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ringed.] 
baileyi,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Devo- 
nian, Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name, 
bicuspidatum,   Sternberg,    1820,    (Carpo- 

lithes  bicuspidatus)  Flora  der  Vorwelt, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  double-pointed.] 
bisectum,    Dawson,    1863,   Can.    Nat.    & 

Geol.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  divided.] 
cornutum,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  18,  Devonian.  [Sig.  horned.] 
crampi,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Devon- 
ian.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
elongatum,  Newberry,  1853,  Ann.  of  Sci., 

vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  lengthened.] 
fluitans,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.   floating.] 
ingens,  Lesquereux,  1860,  Geo.  of  Ark., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  huge,  large.] 
latum,  Newberry,  1853,  Ann.  of  Sci.,  voL 

1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  broad.] 
marginatum,      Artis,      18  38,      Antedil. 

Phytol.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  margined.] 
minus,  Newberry,  1853,  Ann.  of  Sci.,  vol. 

1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  less.] 
newberryi,  Andrews*  1875,  Ohio  Pal., vol. 

2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
obliquum,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  18,  Devonian.  [Sig.  oblique.] 
orbiculare,  Newberry,  1853,  Ann.  of  Sci., 

vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  orbicular.] 
ovale,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants  Can., 

Devonian.     [Sig.  egg-shaped.] 
plicatum,   Lesquereux.    1858,    Geo.    Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  plaited.] 
punctatum,   Gceppert,   1836,  Syst.    Filic 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  punctate.] 
retusum,   Sternberg,    1820,    (Carpolithes 

retusus)  Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  blunt.] 
samarseforme,  Newberry,  1853,  Ann.  Sci., 

vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  like  elm  seed.] 
tenellum,  Dawson,  1873,  Rep.  Foss.Plants, 

Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  delicate.] 


PLANTS. 


25 


trevortoni,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur, 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Carpolitiies,  Schlotheim,  1820,  Petrefacten- 

kunde.      [Ety.    karpos,    fruit;     lithos, 

stone.] 
bicuspidatus,  see    Cardiocarpon    bicuspi- 

dutum. 
bifidus,    Lesquereux,    1858,    Geo.     Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  bifid, 

cloven.] 
bullatus,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  studded  with 

knobs.] 
cistula,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  a  little  chest 

or  coffer.] 
clavalus.  see  Rhabdocarpus  clavatus. 
compactus,  Dawson,  1871,   Foss.   Plants 

Canada,  Devonian.     [Sig.  compact.] 
corticosus,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.   having 

thick  bark.] 
disjunctus,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  sepa- 
rated.] 
fascU-ulatus,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  a  small 

bundle.] 
fragarioides,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  resembling  a 

strawberry.] 
jacksonensis,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
limatus,  Dawson,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  19,  Devonian.  [Sig.  elegant.] 
multistriatus,  Presl,  1833,   in   Sternberg 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

many-lined.] 
persicaria,   Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  Persicaria, 

an  existing  genus  of  plants.] 
platimarginatus,  Lesquereux,  1860,  Geo. 

Sur.  Ark.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  flat-mar- 
gined.] 
retwus,  see  Cardiocarpon  retusum. 
siliqua,  Dawson,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  19,  Devonian.  [Sig.  a  pod.] 
spicatus,  Dawson,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  19,  Devonian.  [Sig.  spiked.] 
trilocularis,  see  Trigonocarpon  triloculare, 
umbonatus,  Sternberg,  1820,  Vers.  Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

having  a  shield.] 
vesicularis,  Lesquereux,   1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  bladder- 
like.] 
Caulerpites,    Sternb,    1833,    Vers.    Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt.   [Ety.  kaulos,  stem ; 

erpo,  to  creep.] 
marginatus,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Am.  Phil. 

Soc, vol.  13,Coal  Meas.  [Sig. bordered.] 
Caulopteris,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1833,  Foss. 

Flora.  [Ety.  kaulos,  stem ;  pteris,  iem."] 
acanthophora,    Lesquereux,    1870,   Geo. 

Sur.  111., vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  thorn- 
bearing.] 


antiqua,  Newberry,  1871,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc, vol.  27,  Devonian.    [Sig.  ancient.] 
cisti,   Brongniart,  1828,  (Sigillaria  cisti) 

Prodr.   Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,   Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
gigantea,    Lesquereux,    1858,   Geo.   Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  large] 
insignis,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  remarkable.] 
intermedia,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  intermedi- 
ate between  Sigillaria  macrodiscus  and 

Caulopteris  cisti.] 
lockwoodi,  Dawson,  1871,  Quar.  Jour.Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  27,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
obtecta,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  covered.] 
peregrina,  Newberry,  1871,  Quar.   Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  27,  Devonian.     [Sig. 

foreign,  strange.] 
punctata,  Lesquereux,    1858,    Geo.    Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  dotted.] 

The  name  was  preoccupied  by  Gcep- 

pert  in  1836. 
wortheni,  Lesquereux,   1866,   Geo.   Sur. 

111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Chondrites,  Sternberg,   1833,  Vers.   Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt.     [Ety.    from  its 

resemblance    to   Chondrus  crispus,  or 

Irish  moss.] 
antiquus,  Brongniart,  1828,  (Fucoides  an- 

tiquiis)  Hist.   Veg.    Foss.,    Devonian. 

[Sig.  ancient.] 
colletti,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
targioni,  Brongniart,  1828,  {Fucoides  targi- 

oni)  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Conostichus,    Lesquereux,  1876,  7th   Ann. 

Rep.  Geo.   Sur.  Ind.     [Ety.  konos,  a 

cone;  sticJws,  a  row.] 
ornatus,  Lesquereux,  1876,  7th  Ann.  Rep. 

Geo.    Sur.    Ind.,  Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

adorned.] 
Cordaites,  Unger,  1850,  Gen.  et.  sp.,  p.  277. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
angustifolius,  Dawson,  1861,Can.Nat.,vol. 

6,  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  narrow-leaved.] 
angustifolius,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.    The  name  was 

preoccupied, 
borassifolius,  Sternberg,  1820,(Flabellaria 

borassifolia)    Vers.   Darst.  Flora  der 

Vorwelt,   Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  leaved 

like  Borassus.~] 
flexuosus,  Dawson,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.Geo. 

Soc, vol.  19,  Devonian.   [Sig.  winding, 

full  of  turns.] 
robbi,  Dawson,  1861,  Can.  Nat.,  vol.  6, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
simplex,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  simple.] 
Crematopteris,  Schimper,  1865,  Monograph, 

Foss.  Plants.     [Sig.  hanging-fern.] 
pennsylvanica,   Lesquereux,   1858,  Geo. 

Sur.  Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 


26 


PLANTS. 


Cruziana,  D'Orbigny,  1842,  Geo.   du  Voy. 

Amer.     [FAy.  proper  name.] 
linnarrsoni,   White,    1874,    Rep.   Invert. 

Foss., Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety.  propername.] 
rustica,  White,  1874,  Rep.  Invert.   Foss., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  plain,  simple.] 
similis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  like  in  aspect.] 
Cyclopteris,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.  [Ety.  kuklos,  a  circle ;  pteris, 

a  fern.] 
acadica,  Dawson,  1861,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  17,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
alleghaniensis,  Meek,   1876,   Desc.   Foss. 

Plants  Va.,  Ponent  or  Vespertine  Gr., 

near  base  of  Low.  Carb.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
antiqua,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
browni,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  18,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
bockschi,      Goeppert,      1836,     (Adiantites 

bochschii)  Syst.  Filic.  Foss.    See  Noeg- 

gerathia  bockschi. 
crispa,  Germ.  &  Kaulf,   1831,   (Filicites 

crispa)   Nova.    Acta.  Acad.,   vol.   15, 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  wavy.] 
elegans,    Lesquereux,    1858,    Geo.    Sur. 

Penn.,vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  elegant.] 
fimbriata,  see  Neuropteris  fimbriata. 
flabellata,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  like  a 

fan.] 
germari,    Gutbier,    1835,   Verst.    Zwick. 

Schwarzk.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
hallana,  Gceppert,  1836,  Syst.  Filic.  Foss., 

Chemung  Gr.      [Ety.   proper  name.] 
hispida,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  rough,  hairy.] 
hirsuta,  Lesquereux,  1858,Geo.Sur.Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  hairy.] 
incerta,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.,vol.  18,  Ham.Gr.  [Sig.  uncertain.] 
jacksoni,  Dawson,  1861,  Can.  Nat.,  vol.  6, 

Catskill  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
laciniata,    Lesquereux,   1858,   Geo.   Sur. 

Penn.,vol.  2,Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  fringed.] 
lescuriana,  Meek,  1876,  Desc.  Foss.  Plants 

Va.,  Ponent  or  Vespertine  Gr.,  near 

base  of  Low. Carb.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
oblata,  Lindley  &  Hutton,    1837,    Foss. 

Flora,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  oblate.] 

obliqua,  Brongniart,    1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  oblique.] 

obtusa,   Lesquereux,   1858,    (Nceggerathia 

obtusa)  Geo.  Sur.  Penn.,  vol.  2,  Devo- 
nian.    See  Archseopteris  obtusa. 
orbicularis,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.Foss.,Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  orbicular.] 
rogersi,  Dawson,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geol. 

Soc,  vol.  19,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
trichomanoides,   Brongniart,  1828,  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  Trichom- 

anes,  the  maiden-hair  fern;  ados,  form.] 


undans,    Lesquereux,    1858,     Geo.    Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  waved.] 
valida,  Dawson,  1862,Quar.  Jour.Geo.Soc, 

vol.  18,  Devonian.  [Sig.  sound,  strong.] 
varia,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.Geo.  Soc, 

vol.  18,  Devonian.     [Sig.  changing.] 
virginiana,  Meek,  1876,  Desc.  Foss.  Plants 

Va.,  Ponent  or  Vespertine  Gr.,   near 

base  of  Low.Carb.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
wilsoni,  Wood,  1860,  Proc  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Cyclostigma,  Haughton,  1860,  Ann.  &  Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.,  3d  series,  vol.  5.  [Ety.  kuklos, 

a  circle ;  stigma,  a  dot  or  puncture.] 
densifolium,   Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants 

Can.,  Devonian.     [Sig.  dense-leaved.] 
Dadoxylon,    Endlicher,    1840,    Syn.    Con. 

[Sig.  pine  or  torch- wood.] 
acadianum,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol. 

8,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
annulatum,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol. 

8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  annulated.] 
antiquum,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
halli,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo.  Soc, 

vol.  18,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
materiarium,  Dawson,   1863,  Can.  Nat., 

vol.  8,  Up.  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  belonging 

to  wood.] 
newberryi,  Dawson,    1871,  Foss.  Plants 

Can.,  Devonian.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ouangondianum,  Dawson,  1861,  Can.  Nat., 

vol.  6,  Devonian.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Dan.eites,  Goeppert,  1836,  Syst.  Filic.  Foss. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
asplenioides  var.  major,   Bunbury,  1846, 

Quar.   Jour.   Geol.  Soc,  vol.  2,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  large.] 
Dictyolites,  see  Dictyophyton. 

becki,  see  Dictyophyton  becki. 
Dictyophyton,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep. 

[Ety.  dictyon,  a  net;  phyton,  a  plant.] 
annulatum,  Hall,  1863,   16th   Reg.  Rep., 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  ringed.] 
becki,  Conradi,  1837,(Lithodictuon  becki) 

Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Medina  sandstone. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
conradi,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
fenestratum,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep., 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  reticulated.] 
filitextile,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.    [Sig.  woven  like  threads.] 
newberryi,  Hall,  1863,   16th  Reg.   Rep., 

Portage  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
nodosum,    Hall,   1863,    16th    Reg.    Rep., 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  knotted.] 
redfieldi,   Hall,   1863,    16th    Reg.    Rep., 

Portage  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
rude,  Hall,  1863, 16th  Rep.  Rep., Chemung 

Gr.     [Sig.  rude.] 
tuberosum,    Conrad,    1842,    (Hydnoceras 

tuberosum)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil., 

vol.  8,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  composed 

of  tuber-like  parts.] 
Dictyopteris,  Gutbier,   1835,  Verst.  Zwick. 

Schwarzk.     [Ety.  dictyon,  a  net ;  pteris, 

a  fern.] 


PLANTS. 


27 


neuropteroidea,  Gutbier,  1852,Verst.  Stein 

Sachs.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  like  Neurop- 

teris.] 
obliqua,  Bunbury,  1847,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.,vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  oblique.] 
rubella,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  somewhat  red.] 
Didvmophyllum,  Gceppert,  1841,  Gatt.  der 

Foss.  Pflanzen.  [Ety.  didymos,  double ; 

phyllon,  a  leaf.] 
reniforme,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  18,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  kidney- 
shaped.]  [nata. 
Diplazites  emarginatus  see  Pecopteris  emargi- 
Diplostegium,    Corda,    1845,   Beitrage    zur 

Flora  derVorwelt.  [Ety.  diplos,  double; 

stege,  a  covering.] 
brownanum,    Corda,  1845,    Beitrage  zur 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
retusum,   Dawson,  18G3,  Can.  Nat.,  vol. 

8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  turned  back.] 
trnncatum,  Lesquereux,  1860,  Geo.  Sur. 

Ark.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  trun- 
cated, cut  off.] 
Eophyton,  Torell.     [Ety.  eos,  dawn  ;  phyton, 

a  plant.] 
jukesi,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
linnseanum  (?)  Torell,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
explanatum,  Dawson,  1870,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geol.,  Low.  Arenig  rocks.  [Sig.  spread 

out.] 
Equisetites,  Sternberg,  1833,   Vers.  Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt.  [Ety.  Equus,  a  horse; 

seta,  a  hair  or  bristle ;   in  allusion  to 

the  resemblance 'to  a  horse-tail.] 
columnaris,  Brongniart,  1828,  (Equisetum 

columnaris)  Hist.   Veg.    Foss.,    Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  columnar.] 
curtus,  Dawson,  1863,  Syn.  Carb.  Flora  in 

Can.  Nat.,vol. 8,Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  short.] 
occidentalis,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  western.] 
stellifolius,   Harlan,     1835,     (Equisetum 

stellifolium)  Trans.  Geo.  Soc.  Penn., 

Coal   Meas.     [Ety.  Stella,  a  star,  and 

folium,    a    leaf;    in    allusion    to    the 

whorled  leaves.] 
Equisetum,  see  Equisetites. 

columnare,  see  Equisetites  columnaris. 

stellifolium,  see  Equisetites  stellifolius. 

Eremopteris,    Schimper,     1869,    Traite    de 

Palpeontologie  Vegetale.     [Ety.  eremos, 

solitary  ;  pteris,  a  fern.] 
artemisisefolia,   Sternberg,  1824,  (Sphen- 

opteris    artemisiaifolia)   Vers.   Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

leaved  like  the  plant  Artemisia.] 
marginata,  Andrews,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  bordered.] 

Filiciks  crispa,  see  Cyclopteris  crispa. 

lonchiticus,  see  Alethopteris  lonchitidis. 

pennseformis,  see  Pecopteris  pennseformis. 

pluckeneti,  see  Alethopteris  pluckeneti. 

Flabellaria  boi-assifolia,  see  Cordaites  boras- 

sifolius. 


Fucoides,  Brongniart,  1822,  in  Memoires  de 

la  Soc.  d'Hist.  Nat.  de  Paris.      [Ety. 

funis,  sea  weed;  eidos,  form.] 
alleghanensis,   Harlan,   1830,'  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  ScL,  vol.  6,  Carb.      See  Harlania 

halli. 
auriformis,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Medina  and  Clinton  Gr.    Prof. 

Hall    says,    in    1852,    that    this    can 

scarcely   be  referred  to   the   organic 

remains. 
bilobata,  see  Rusophycus  bilobatus. 
brongniarti,  see  Harlania  halli. 
cauda-galli,  see  Spirophyton  cauda-galli. 
demissus,Conr&d,  1838,  probably  Phytopsis 

tubulosa. 
dentatus,  M.  Brongniart,  see  Diplograptus 

pristiniformis. 
flexuosa,  see  Buthotrephis  flexuosa. 
gracilis,  see  Buthotrephis  gracilis. 
graphica,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Portage  Gr.    [Sig.  written.] 
harlani,  see  Arthrophycus  harlani. 
Iieterophyttus,   Hall,    1843,  Geo.  Rep.   4th 

Dist.  N.  Y.,  Medina  and  Clinton  Gr. 

Not  likely  the  remains  of  an  organic 

substance. 
retort,  Vanuxem,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Portage  Gr.     [Sig.  a  retort.] 
rigidus,  syn.  for  Buthotrephis  flexuosa. 
secalinus,  see  Graptolithus  and  Diplograp- 
tus secalinus. 
serra,  Brongniart,  see  Graptolithus  bryon- 

oides. 
simplex,  Emmons,  see  Graptolithus  and 

Diplograptus  secalinus. 
velum,  see  Spirophyton  velum. 
verticals,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Portage  Gr.     [Sig.  vertical.] 
Galium  sphenophylloides,see  Annularia  sphen- 

ophylloides. 
Gordia  marina,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 

Not  the  remains  of  any  organic  form ; 

it  is  described  as  a  track,  see  Helmin- 

thoidichnites. 
Halonia,  Lindley  &   Hutton,   1835,  Foss., 

Flora.      [Ety.  from  its  close  affinity 

with  Halonia.'] 
pulchella,   Lesquereux,  1860,   Geo.  Sur. 

Ark. ,vol.  2,Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  beautiful.] 
tuberculata,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  tuberculated.] 
Harlania,  Gceppert,  1852,  Foss.  Flora  des 

Ueberg.    [Ety.  proper  name.]    Syn. 

for  Arthrophycus. 
halli,  Gceppert,   1852,    Foss.    Flora    des 

Ueberg,    (Fucoides  alleghaniensis,  F. 

brongniarti,  and  F.  harlani)   Medina 

Gr.  to  Low.  Carb.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

Syn.  for  Arthrophycus  harlani. 
Hippodophycus,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep. 

[Ety.    hippodos,   horse-foot;  phukos,  a 

sea  plant.] 
cowlesi,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Hymenophyllites,     Gceppert,     1836,    Syst. 

Filic.  Foss.  [Ety.  hymen,  a  membrane ; 

phyllon,  a  leaf.] 


28 


PLANTS. 


adnascens,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1835,  Foss. 
Flora,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  grow- 
ing upon.] 

alatus,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss. 
(Sphenopteris  alata)  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
winged.] 

aflinis,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 
vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  near  to.] 

arborescens,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  branch- 
ing like  a  tree.] 

ballantini,  Andrews,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 
2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

capillaris,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  capillus, 
hair.] 

clarki,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.,  111., 
vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

curtilobus,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo!.  Soc,  vol.  18,  Devonian.  [Sig. 
short-lobed.] 

delicatulus,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 
Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  delicate.] 

fimbriatus,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,Coal Meas.  [Sig.  fringed.] 

flexicaulis,  Lesquereux,  1860,  Geo.  Sur. 
Ark.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  flexible.] 

furcatus,  Brongniart,  1828,  (Sphenopteris 
furcata)  Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  forked.] 

gersdorfi,  Gceppert,  1836,  Syst.  Filic. 
Foss.  Devonian.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

giganteus,  see  Hymenophyllites  lactuca. 

gutbieranus,  Unger,  1850,  Gen.  et.  sp., 
Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

hildrethi,  Lesquereux,  1861, Geo.  Sur.  Ky., 
vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

inflai|is,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  inflated.] 

lactuca,  Sternberg,  1833,  (Schizopteris 
lactuca)  Vers.  Darst.  Flora  der  Vor- 
welt,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  the  plant 
Lettuce.] 

mollis,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  flexible.] 

myriophyllus,  Brongniart,  1828,  (Sphen- 
opteris myriophylla)  Prodr.  Hist. 
Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  many- 
leaved.] 

pentadactylus,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geol.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  five- 
fingered.] 

pinnatifidus,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  pinnatus, 
winged;  fidus,  cleft.] 

schlotheimi,  Brongniart,  1828,  (Sphenop- 
teris schlotheimi)  Hist.  Veg.  Foss., 
Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

spinosus,  Gceppert,  1841,  (Sphenopteris 
spinosa)  Gatt.  Foss.  Pflanzen,  Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.  spiny.] 

splendens,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  splendid.] 

strongi,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

subfurcatus,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 
Devonian.  [Ety.  from  resemblance  to 
H.  furcatus.] 


tenuifolius,  Brongniart,  1828,  (Sphenop- 
teris tenuifolia)  Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig  slender-leaved.] 
thallyformis,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  frond-like.] 
trichomanoides,  Brongniart,  1828,(Sphen- 

opteris    trichomanoides)    Hist.    Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  from  resem- 
blance   to    Trichomanes,    or    maiden- 
hair.] 
tridactylites,  Brongniart,  1828,  (Sphenop- 
teris tridactylites)  Hist.    Veg.    Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  three-fingered.] 
Ichnophycus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  ichnos,  a  foot  print;  phukos,  a 

sea  weed.] 
tridactylus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  three-fingered.] 
Knorria,    Sternberg,     1825,    Vers.    Darst. 

Flora    der    Vorwelt.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
imbricata,  Sternberg,  1825,  Vers.   Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Chester  Gr.     [Sig. 

imbricated.] 
selloni,    Sternberg,     1825,    Vers.    Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
taxina,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1833-5,  Foss. 

Flora,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like  the  Yew 

tree.] 
Lepidodendron,  Sternberg,  1821,  Vers.  Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt.  [Ety.  lepis,  a  scale ; 

dmdron,  a  tree.] 
aculeatum,   Sternberg,  1825,  Vers.  Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

very  sharp  or  needle-like.] 
binerve,  Bunbury,  1847,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  double 

nerved.] 
bordae,  Wood,  1860,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
carinatum,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,   vol.   2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  the 

margins  of  the  scars  are  keeled.] 
chemungense,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th 

Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
chilallceum,  Wood,  1860,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  chilos,  fodder ; 

alloios,  of  another  kind.] 
clypeatum,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn., vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  a  shield.] 
conicum,    Lesquereux,    1858,   Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  from 

the  conical  scars.] 
corrugatum,   Dawson,   1862,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  18,  Devonian  and  Low. 

Carb.     [Sig.  corrugated.] 
costatum,   Lesquereux,    1866,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.     [Sig.  ribbed.] 
crenatum,  Sternberg,  1820,  Vers.   Darst, 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

crenate.] 
cruciatum,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  tormented, 

twisted.] 
decurtatum,   Dawson,    1863,   Can.   Nat., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  curtailed.] 


PLANTS. 


29 


dichotomum,  Sternberg,  1820, Vers. Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

dividing  into  two.] 
dikrocheilmn,    Wood,    1860,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  two-edged.] 
dilatatum,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1833,  Foss. 

Flora,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  widened.] 
diplostegiodes,  Lesquereux,   1860,    Geo. 

Sur.  Ark.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  re- 
sembling DipIostegium.~] 
distans,    Lesquereux,     1858,    Geo.    Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  from 

the  distant  scars.] 
elegans,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
forulatum,  Lesquereux,   1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  having 

long,  narrow  furrows.] 
gaspanum,  Dawson,   1860,  Can.    Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  5,  Catskill  Gr.   [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
giganteum,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  very 

large.] 
graoile,    Lindley  &  Hutton,   1833,  Foss. 

Flora,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  slender.] 
greeni,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
harcourti,    Witham,    1832,    Trans.    Nat. 

Hist.    Soc,    New,   upon  Tyne,   Coal 

Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
mammillatum,   Lesquereux,    1870,    Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  mam- 

millated.] 
mielecki,  Goeppert,  1836,  Syst.  Filic.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
modulatum,  Lesquereux,  I860,  Geo.  Sur. 

Ark.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  modu- 
lated.] 
morrisanum,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper- 
name.] 
obovatum,  Sternberg,  1820,  Vers.  Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

from  the  obovate  scars.] 
obscurum,  Lesquereux,    1866,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  obscure, 

not  distinct.] 
obtusum,    Lesquereux,   1858,   Geo.   Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  from 

the  obtuse  bases  of  the  scars.] 
oculatum,   Lesquereux,   1858,   Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  hav- 
ing eyes.] 
personatum,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  masked.] 
pictoense,  Dawson,  1863,Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
plicatum,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  folded.] 
plumarium,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1835,  Foss. 

Flora,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  em- 
broidered with  feathers.] 
primaevum,  Rogers,  1858, Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 

vol.  2,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  first  formed.] 
radiato-plicatum,   Dawson,   18  7  3,   Rep. 

Foss.  Plants,  Low.  Carb.      [Ety.  raa%- 

atiis,  radiated;  plicatus,  folded.] 


radicans,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  rooted.] 
rectangulum,  Wood,   I860,    Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.Sci., Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  rectangular.] 
rigens,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  stifi'.] 
rimosum,   Sternberg,   1820,  Vers.   Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

full  of  clefts.] 
rugosum,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  wrinkled.  ] 
rushvillense,    Andrews,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
salebrosum,  Wood,  1860,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  rough.] 
scobiniforme,  Meek,  18  76,  Desc.  Foss. 

Plants  Va.,  Ponent  or  Vespertine  Gr., 

near  the  base  of  the  Low.  Carb.    [Sig. 

rasp-like.] 
selaginoides,  Sternberg,  1824,  Vers.  Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

from  the  plant  Selago.] 
sigillarioides,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  from 

its  resemblance  to  Siijillaria.] 
simplex,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  simple.] 
sternbergi,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1S35,  Foss. 

Flora,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  proper  name.  ] 
tijoui,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
tumidum,  Bunbury,  1847,  (Lepidophloios 

tumidum)  Quar.  Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol. 

3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  tumid.] 
turbinatum,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,   vol.  2,   Coal   Meas.       [Sig.   top- 
shaped.] 
undulatum,   Gutbier,   1843,  in  Gsea  von 

Sachsen,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  wavy.] 
ur;eum,Wodd,  1860,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  belonging  to  the  tail.] 
veltheimanum,    Sternberg,    1823,     Vers. 

Darst.  Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Chester  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
vestitum,   Lesquereux,   1858,   Geo.   Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  clothed, 

covered.] 
wortheni,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Leptophixeum,   Dawson,  1862,   Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  18.   [Ety.  leptos,  slender ; 

pMois,  the  bark  of  a  tree.] 
rhombicum,   Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,   vol.   18,   Devonian.    [Sig. 

rhomb-like.] 
Lepidophloios,  Sternberg,  1823,  Vers.  Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt.        [Ety.   lepis,   a 

scale;  ]>hk>ios,  the  bark.] 
acadianus,    Dawson,    1863,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
antiquus,   Dawson,   1871,     Foss.    Plants 

Canada,  Devonian.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
auriculatus,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ear-like.] 
crassicaulis,  Corda,  1833,  in  Flora  der  Vor- 
welt, vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  thick- 
stemmed.] 


30 


PLANTS. 


ichthyolepis,  Wood,  1860,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  ichthys,  a 
fish  ;  lepis,  a  scale.] 

irregularis,  Lesquereux,  1860,  Geo.  Sur. 
Ark.,  vol.  2,CoalMeas.  [Sig.  irregular.] 

laricinus,  Sternberg,  1823,  Vers.  Darst. 
Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 
from  resemblance  to  the  larch  tree.] 

lesquereuxi,  Andrews,  1875,  Ohio  Pal. 
vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

obcordatus,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur. 
111., vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  inversely, 
heart-shaped.] 

parvus,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  small.] 

platystigma,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geo.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  flat- 
scarred.] 

prominulus,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geo.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  project- 
ing a  little.] 

protuberans,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  protu- 
berant.] 

tetragonus,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geo.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  quad- 
rangular.] 

tumidus,  see  Lepidodendron  tumidum. 
Lepidophyllum,   Brongniart,    1828,    Prodr. 
Hist.  Veg.  Foss.    [Ety.  kpis,  a  scale ; 
phyllon,  a  leaf.] 

acuminatum,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  sharp- 
pointed.]  The  name  was  preoccupied 
by  Gutbier  in  1843. 

affine,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 
vol.  2,CoalMeas.  [Sig.  closely  related.] 

auriculatum,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur. 
111., vol.  2,Coal Meas.  [Sig. ear-shaped.] 

brevifolium,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  brevis,  short ; 
folium,  a  leaf.] 

fohaceum,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  leaf-like.  ] 

hastatum,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  halbert- 
shaped.] 

intermedium,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1833, 
Foss.  Flora,  vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
intermediate.] 

lanceolatum,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1831-33, 
Foss.  Flora,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  lanceo- 
late.] 

majum,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodrome  d'une 
Histoire  de  Vegetaux,  Fossiles,  Coal 
Meas.    [Sig.  large.] 

obtusum,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  obtuse.] 

plicatum,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  folded.] 

rostellatum,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  little- 
beaked.] 

striatum,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  striated.] 

trinerve,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1835,  Foss. 
Flora,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  three- 
veined.] 


Lepidostkobus,    Brongniart,   18  28,   Prodr. 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.     [Ety.  lejyis,  a  scale ; 

strobus,  a  cone.] 
connivens,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  dissem- 
bling, closing.] 
globosus,  Dawson,  1861,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  6,  Devonian.     [Sig.  globose.] 
hastifolius,  Lesquereux,  1866,Geo.Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  spear-leaved.] 
lancifolius,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,   vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  lance- 
leaved.] 
longifolius,  Dawson,  1863,Can. Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  long-leaved.] 
oblongifolius,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  oblong- 
leaved.] 
ornatus,   Parkinson,   1811,    Organic   Re- 
mains, Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ornate.] 
ovatifolius,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.   Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  ovate- 
leaved.] 
pinaster,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1837,  Foss. 

Flora,  vol.  3,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like 

the  cone  of  a  Pinaster.'] 
princeps,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  original,  prin- 
cipal.] 
richardsoni,  Dawson,  1861,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  6,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
squamosus,   Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.   & 

Geo.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  scaly.] 
trigonolepis,  Bunbury,  1847,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

from  the  triangular  scars.  ] 
truncatus,   Lesquereux,   1870,  Geo.   Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  truncated.] 
variabilis,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1833,  Foss. 

Flora,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  variable.] 
Lescukoptebis,  Schimper,  1869,  Palseontolo- 

gie   Vegetale.       [Ety.   proper  name; 

pteris,  a  fern.] 
moori,    Lesquereux,   1858,    (Neuropteris 

moori)  Geo.  Sur.  Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal 

Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Licbophycus,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

[Ety.  likros,  a  fan;  phykos,  sea  weed.] 
formosus,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.   [Sig.  beautiful.] 
hiltonensis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Black  Riv.   &  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
hudsonicus,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
minor,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.   minor,  less;  it  is 

smaller  than  ottaivsenste.~] 
ottawsensis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
robustus,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Sig.  robust.] 
vagans,   Billings,  1866,   Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  wandering.] 
Lonchopteeis,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.   [Ety.  lonche,  a  spear ;  pteris, 

fern.] 


PLANTS. 


31 


tenuis,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  slender.] 
Lycopodites,   Brongniart,  1822,  Mem.  du 

Mus.   d'Hist.   Nat.   de  Paris.      [Ety. 

from  Lycopodium,  the  club  moss.] 
annularifefolius,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  with 

ring-shaped  leaves.] 
asterophyllita?fulius,    Lesquereux,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

leaved  like  the  Aster vpkyllites.] 
cavifolius,  see  Selaginites  cavifolius. 
comosus,  Dawson,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo 

Soc.,  vol.  19,  Devonian.     [Sig.  hairy.] 
matthewi,  Dawson,  1861,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo 

vol.  6,  Devonian.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
meeki,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
plumulus,  Dawson,  1873, Rep. Foss.  Plants, 

Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  a  little  feather.] 
richardsoni,  Dawson,  1868,   Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  19,  Devonian.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
vanuxemi,   Dawson,   1862,    Quar.    Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  18,  Chemung  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Megalopteris,  Dawson,  1875.    Not  denned. 

[Ety.  megale,  great;  pteris,  a  fern.] 
dawsoni,  Hartt,  1868,  (Neuropteris  daw- 

soni)  Acad.  Geol.,  Devonian.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
hartti,  AndreAvs,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lata,  Andrews,   1875,   Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  wide.] 
minima,  Andrews,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
ovata,  Andrews,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  egg-shaped.] 
Megaphytox,  Artis,  1838,  Antedil.  Phytol. 

[Ety.  niegas,  great;  phyton,  a  shoot.] 
humile,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  8,Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  small,  humble.] 
maclayi,  Lesquereux,  1860,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
magnificum,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geol., vol.  8, Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  splendid.] 
protuberans,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.     [Sig.  protu- 
berant.] 
Myriaxites,    Murchison,     1839,    Sil.    Syst. 

[Ety.  myrias,  innumerable.] 
murchisoni,  Emmons,  1844,Taconic  Syst., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
sillimani,  Emmons,  1844,  Taconic.  Syst., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Nemapodia,  Emmons,  1844,  Taconic.  Syst., 

[Ety.  nema,  thread  ;  podion,  foot.] 
tenuissima,  Emmons,  1844,  Taconic.  Syst., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  fine-lined.]     Prof. 

Hall  regards  this  as  a  recent  track.] 
Nematophycus,   Carruthers,    1872,    Month. 

Micro.  Jour.     [Ety.  nematos,  a  thread ; 

phukos,  sea  weed.]    This  is  a  syn.  for 

Prototaxites. 
logani,  Carruthers,  1872,  Month.  Micro. 

Jour.,  Devonian.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

Syn.  for  Prototaxites  logani. 


Nematoxylon,  Dawson,    1863,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.    19.       [Ety.  nema,   a 

thread;    xylon,    wood.]      Carruthers 

says  this  is  a  syn.  for  Prototaxites  and 

belongs  to  the  Algse. 
crassum,  Dawson,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  19,  Devonian.     [Sig.  thick.] 

Carruthers  says  this  is  a  syn.  for  Pro- 
totaxites logani.] 
tenue,  Dawson,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.   Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  19,  Devonian.  [Sig.  slender.] 

Carruthers  says  this  is  a  syn.  for  Pro- 
totaxites logani.] 
Nephropteris,  Brongniart,  1828,  Tab.des  gener. 
elegans,  see  Cyclopteris  elegans. 
fimbriata,  see  Neuropteris  fimbriata. 
germari,  see  Cyclopteris  germari. 
hirmta,  see  Cyclopteris  hirsuta. 
laciniata,  see  Cyclopteris  laciniata. 
orbicularis,  see  Cyclopteris  orbicularis. 
trichomanoides,  see  Cyclopteris  trichoman- 

oides. 
undans,  see  Cyclopteris  undans. 
Nereites,  Murchison,  1839,  Sil.  Syst.     [Ety. 

from  a  resemblance  to  the  track  of  the 

Nereis.']    Prof.  Hall  says  these  species 

are  of  Devonian  age. 
deweyi,   Emmons,   1844,   Taconic.  Syst., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gracilis,  Emmons,  1844,   Taconic.   Syst., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 
jacksoni,  Emmons,  1844,  Taconic  Syst., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lanceolatus,  Emmons,1844, Taconic.  Syst., 

Potsdam  Gr.    [Sig.  sword-like.] 
loomisi,   Emmons,    1844,   Taconic  Syst., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pugnus,   Emmons,   1844,  Taconic.  Syst., 

Potsdam  Gr.    [Sig.  a  hand  full.] 
Neriopteris,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1.     [Ety.  nerion,  the  Oleander ;  pteris, 

a  fern.] 
lanceolata,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal., vol. 

1,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  spear-shaped.] 
Neuropteris,    Brongniart,   1822,   Mem.   du 

Mus.    d'Hist.   Nat.    de    Paris.     [Ety. 

neuron,  a  nerve ;  pteris,  a  fern.] 
acutifolia,    Brongniart,   1828,  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  acute-leaved.] 
adiantites,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.   Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  from 

resemblance  to  Adiantum,  the  maiden 

hair  fern.] 
angustifolia,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. narrow-leaved.] 
attenuata,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1837,  Foss. 

Flora,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  atten- 
uated.] 
auriculata,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  eared.] 
capitata,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  capitate.] 
cisti,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
clarksoni,   Lesquereux,    1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 


32 


PLANTS. 


collinsi,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

cordata,  Brongniart,  1828,"  Hist. Veg.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  heart-shaped.] 
coriacea,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  having  the 
texture  of  rough  skin.] 
crassa,  Dawson,   1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  De- 
vonian.    [Sig.  thick.] 
crenulata,   Brongniart,    1828,   Hist.  Veg. 
Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  crenulated.] 
cyclopteroides,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geol.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  like 
Cyclopteris.] 
daivsoni,  see  Megalopteris  dawsoni. 
delicatula,   Lesquereux,   1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  small 
and  delicate.] 
dentata,    Lesquereux,    1858,    Geo.    Sur. 
Penn., vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. toothed.] 
desori,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 
vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
eveni,   Lesquereux,   1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety  proper  name.  ] 
fasciculata,  Lesquereux,   1870,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  faggot-like, 
in  bundles.] 
flmbriata,  Lesquereux,  1854,  Jour.  Bost. 
Soc.Nat.Hist.,Coal  Meas.  [Sig.f  ringed.] 
flssa,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  split.] 
flexuosa,   Sternberg,    1825,    Vers.   Darst. 
Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 
wavy.] 
gibbosa,    Lesquereux,    1858,    Geo.    Sur. 
Penn., vol.2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  gibbous.] 
gigantea,   Sternberg,    1825,   Vers.    Darst. 
Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 
very  large.] 
grangeri,  Brongniart,  1828,Hist.Veg.Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
heterophylla,  Brongniart,  1822,  (Filicites 
heterophylla)  Mem.  du  Mus.  d'Hist. 
Nat.  de  Paris,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  fieteros, 
different;  phyllon,  a  leaf.] 
hirsuta,    Lesquereux,    1854,   Bost.   Jour. 

Nat.  Hist.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  hairy.] 
inflata,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  inflated.] 
ingens,    Lindley  &  Hutton,    1833,    Foss. 

Flora,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  huge.] 
lacerala,  syn.  for  Neuropteris  fimbriata. 
linnfeifolia,    Bunbury,  1847,  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.   Soc,  vol.    3,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 
from  a  resemblance  to  the  leaves  of 
IAnnsea  borealu.'] 
loshi,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
marginakt,  see  Alethopteris  roarginata. 
microphylla,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Ve«. 
Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  small-leaved.] 
minor,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  less.] 
moori,  see  Lescuropteris  moori. 
pachyderma,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur. 
Ill,   vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  thick- 
barked.] 


perelegans,   Dawson,  1863,   Can.  Nat.  & 
Geol.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  very 
elegant.] 
plicate,  Sternberg,  1825,  Vers.  Darst.Flora 
der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  folded.] 
polymorpha,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc,  vol.  18,   Devonian.      [Sig. 
many-formed.] 
rarinervis,   Bunbury,    1847,   Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 
rants,  few;  nenms,  a  vein.] 
retorquata,   Dawson,    1871,    Foss.  Plants 
Canada,  Devonian.  [Sig.turned  back.] 
rogersi,  Lesquereux,  1858,Geo.Sur.Penn., 
vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
rotundifolia,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 
Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  round-leaved^] 
selwyni,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants  Can- 
ada, Devonian.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
serrulata,     Dawson,    1862,    Quar.    Jour. 
Geo.  Soc,   vol.    18,   Devonian.     [Sig. 
like  a  little  saw.] 
smilacifolia,  Sternberg,  1824,  Vers.  Darst. 
Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 
Smilax,  an  existing  genus;   folium,  a 
leaf.] 
soreti,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
speciosa,  Lesquereux,  see  N.  rogersi. 
tenuifolia,  Sternberg,  1825,  Vers.  Darst. 
Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 
tenuis,  narrow;  folium,  a  leaf.] 
tenuinervis,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  fine- 
veined.] 
undans,    Lesquereux,     1858,    Geo.    Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  wavy.] 
verbensefolia,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  leaved 
like  the  Verbena.] 
vermicularis,  Lesquereux,  1861 ,  Geo.  Sur. 
Ky.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  worm- 
shaped.] 
villiersi,  Brongniart,  1828,Prodr.Hist.Veg. 
Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
voltzi,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. Veg. 
Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Nckggerathia,  Sternberg,  1822,  Vers.  Darst. 
Flora    der    Vorwelt.       [Ety.    proper 
name.] 
beinertiana,  Gceppert,  1842,  Gatt.  d.  Foss. 
Pflanzen,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.    proper 
name.] 
bockschi,    Gceppert,    1836,     (Cyclopteris 
bockschi)    Syst.     Filic     Foss.,    Coal 
Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
bockschiana,  syn.  for  N.  bockschi. 
dispar,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol,  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  different.] 
flabellata,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1833,  Foss. 
Flora,  vol.  1 ,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  spread 
out  like  a  fan.] 
gilboensis,  Dawson,  1871,  Quar.  Jour  Geo. 
Soc,  vol.  27,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
minor,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 
vol.2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  from  the  small 
leaves.] 


PLANTS. 


n 


obliqua,  Gceppert,  1841,  Gatt.  Foss.  Pflan- 
zen,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  from  the  ob- 
lique attachment  of  the  leaves.]  . 

obtusa,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.Sur.Penn., 
vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  obtusus,  from 
the  blunt  termination"  of  the  leaf.] 
Prof.  Dawson  refers  this  species  to  the 
genus  Cyclopteris. 
Odontopteris,  Brongniart,  1822,  Mem.  du 
Mus.  d'Hist.  Nat.  de  Paris.  [Ety. 
odous,  a  tooth ;  pteris,  a  fern.] 

sequalis,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  equal,  of  the 
same  shape  as  another.] 

alata,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Catal.  Pottsville 
Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  winged.] 

antiqua,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ancient.] 

bradleyi,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

brardi,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist.  Veg. 
Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

crenulata,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 
Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  crenulated.] 

dubia,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 
vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 

gracillima,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal., 
vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  very  slender.] 

heterophvlla,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  heteros, 
different ;  phyllon,  a  leaf.] 

intermedia,  Lesquereux,  1860,  Geo.  Sur. 
Ark.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  inter- 
mediate.] 

neuropteroides,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio 
Pal.,  vol.  1,  Lower,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 
from  its  resemblance  to  Neuropteris.] 

schlotheimi,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 
Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

squamosa,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  scaly.] 

subcuneata,  Bunbury,  1847,  Quar.  Geo. 
Jour.,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  some- 
what wedge-shaped.] 

wortheni,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 

Ormoxylox,   Dawson,  1871,  Foss.    Plants 

Canada.     (Ety.  ormos,  a  chain,  a  cord; 

xylrni,  wood.] 

eriahum,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants  Can- 
ada, Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Orthogonioptekis,   Andrews,   1875,    Ohio 
Pal.,    vol.    2.       [Ety.    orthogoniopteris, 
rectangular-fern.] 

clara,  Andrews,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  clear,  distinct.] 

gilberti,  Andrews,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 
Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pachyphyllum,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2.  [Ety.  pachys,  thick; 
phyllon,  a  leaf.]  This  name  was  pre- 
occupied in  the  class  Polypi.  See 
Rhacophyllum. 

affine,  see  Ehacophyllum  affine. 
fimbriatum,see  Rhacophyllum  fimbriatum. 

hirsutum,  see  Rhacophyllum  hirsutum. 

laceratum,  see  Rhacophyllum  laceratum. 

lactuea,  see  Rhacophyllum  lactuca. 


Pachypteris,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist, 

Veg.  Foss.    [Ety.  pachys,  thick ;  pteris. 

fern.] 
gracillima,  Lesquereux,  1870,Geo.  Sur.  III., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  very  slender.] 
Pal.eochorda,  McCoy,   1849,    Quar.    Jour. 

Geol.   Soc,   vol.  4.       [Ety.  palaios, 

ancient;   chorde,  an  intestine.] 
marina,  Fitch,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Potsdam 

Gr.     [Sig.  pertaining  to  the  sea.] 
tenuis,  Fitch,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Potsdam 

Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 
Paljsophycus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.    palaios,  ancient;    phykos,  sea- 
weed.] 
articulatus,  Winchell,  1864,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

&  Arts,  2d  series,  vol.  37,  Potsdam  Gr. 

[Ety.  from  the  articulated  stems.] 
beauharnoisensis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.Foss., 

vol.  1,  Calcif.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
beverleyensis,  Billings,1862,Pal.  Foss.,vol. 

1,  Potsdam  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
congregatus,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig.  assembled  to- 
gether.] 
divaricatus,  Lesquereux,  1876,  7th  Ann. 

Rep.  Geol.  Sur.  Ind.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

wide  apart.] 
funiculus,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Calcif.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  rope.] 
gracilis,  Lesquereux,  1876,  7th  Ann.  Rep. 

Geol.  Sur.  Ind.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

slender.] 
incipiens,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  the  beginning.] 
informis,  Winchell,  1864,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

&  Arts,  vol.  87,  Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig. 

shapeless.] 
irregularis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Calcif.  Gr.    [Sig.  irregular.] 
milleri,  Lesquereux,  1876,  7th  Ann.  Rep. 

Geol.   Sur.   Ind.,   Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
obscurus,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  obscure.] 
rogosus,   Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  wrinkles.] 
simplex,   Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  simple.] 
striatus,   Hall,   1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  striated.] 
tortuosus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Medina  sandstone.      [Ety.  from  the 

tortuous  branches.] 
tubularis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Calcif.  Gr.     [Sig.  hollow  like  a  pipe.] 
virgatus,  Hall,   1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  twig-like.] 
Palseopteiis,  being  preoccupied,  see  Arch- 

seopteris. 
acadica,  see  Archseopteris  acadica. 
hartii,  see  Archseopteris  harti. 
Pal^oxyris,  Brongniart,  1828,  Ann.  Sc.  Nat., 

vol.  15.  [Ety.  palaios,  ancient;  Xyris,& 

plant.] 
appendiculata,   Lesquereux,    1870,   Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

having  lateral  appendages.] 


.34 


PLANTS. 


corrtigata,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  corrugated.] 
prendeli,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pecopteris,  Brongniart,  1822,  Mem.  duMus. 

d'Hist.  Nat.   de  Paris.       [Ety.  peko, 

to  comb;  pteris,  a  fern.] 
abbreviata,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  from  the  short 

lobes  of  the  pinnules.] 
acuta,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  acute.] 
sequalis,  Brongniart,   1828,    Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  equal.] 
aquilina,  see  Alethopteris  aquilina. 
arborescens,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  tree-like.] 
arguta,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  sharply  defined.] 
aspidioides,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  like  the  Aspkl- 

ium.] 
bucklandi.  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
bullata,  Bunbury,  1847,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  bossed.] 
callosa,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  having  a  thick 

covering.] 
candollana,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
chserophylloides,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like  the 

CfuerophyUum.  ] 
cisti,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
concinna,  Lesquereux,  1858,   Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  neat.] 

The  name  was  preoccupied  by  Presl 

in  1833. 
crenulata,  see  Alethopteris  crenulata. 
cristata,  see  Alethopteris  cristata. 
cyathea,  Brongniart,   1828,   Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  kyathos, 

a  cup.] 
decurrens,  Lesquereux,   1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  from 

the  decurrent  nature  of  the  leaves.] 
decurrens,  Dawson,  1862.    The  name  was 

preoccupied,  see  P.  discrepans. 
densifolia,  Dawson,   1874,   Foss.   Plants, 

Can.,  Devonian.    [Sig.  dense-leaved.] 
dentata,  Brongniart,  1828,Hist.Veg.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  toothed.] 
discrepans,   Dawson,   1863,   Quar.    Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.   19,  Devonian.     [Sig. 

different.] 
distans,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  from  the  dis- 
tant pinules.]    The  name  was  preoc- 
cupied by  Rost  in  1839. 
dubia,  Gutbier,  1843,  in  Gsea  von  Sachsen, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 
elegans,  Gceppert,  1836,  Syst.  Filic.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  elegant.] 


elliptica,  Bunbury,  1846,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  elliptical.] 
emarginata,   Gceppert,   1836,    (Diplazites 

emarginata)   Syst.    Filic.   Foss.,   Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  notched.] 
erosa,  see  Alethopteris  erosa. 
flavicans,  Presl,  1833,  in  Sternberg,  Vers. 

Darst.  Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  yellow  (?).] 
hemiteloides,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist. Veg. 

Foss.,   Coal  Meas.       [Sig.  like  Hemi- 

telites.] 
heterophylla,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  see  Ale- 
thopteris heterophylla. 
heterophylla,  Dawson,  syn.  for  P.  mantelli. 
incompleta,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  from 

the  incomplete  condition  of  the  speci- 
men.] 
ingens,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  18,  Devonian.     [Sig.  huge, 

enormous.] 
lepidorhachis,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  lepis,  a  scale; 

rachis,  a  ridge.] 
longifolia,   Brongniart,   1828,  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  long-leaved.] 

Alethopteris  longifolia.  (?) 
loshi,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
mantelli,   Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
milleri,  Harlan,  1835,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc. 

Penn., Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  propernamc] 
muricata,  see  Alethopteris  muricata. 
murrayana,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
nervosa,  see  Alethopteris  nervosa.] 
newberryi,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn",  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
notata,  Lesquereux,  1858,Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  dotted.] 
obsoleta,  Harlan,  1835,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc. 

Penn.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  obsolete.] 
oreopteroides,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like  the  fern 

Oreopteris.] 
ovata,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ovate.] 
ovata,  Gutbier,  1843,  in  Gsea  von  Sachsen, 

Coal  Meas.      The  name  was  preoc- 
cupied, 
pennseformis,  Brongniart,  1822,  (Filicites 

pennseformis)  Mem.  du  Mus.  d'Hist. 

Nat.  de  Paris,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  feather- 
formed.] 
pluckeneti,  see  Alethopteris  pluckeneti. 
plumosa,   Brongniart,    1828,    Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  feathery.] 
polymorpha,  Brongniart,  18  2  8,  Prodr. 

Hist.   Veg.   Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

many-formed.] 
preciosa,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geo.,  Devon- 
ian.    [Sig.  precious,  splendid.] 
pteroides,  see  Alethopteris  pteroides. 


PLANTS. 


pusilla,Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
rigida,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  inflexible.] 
serlii,  see  Alethopteris  serlii. 
serrulata,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geo.,  Devon- 
ian.    [Sig.  like  a  small  saw.] 
shsefferi,   Lesquereux,  1858,  Catal.  Potts. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
sillimani,   Brongniart,   1828,    Hist.   Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
squamosa,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.   Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  scaly.] 
strongi,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
tseniopteroides,    Bunbury,    1847,    Quar. 

Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol.   3,  Coal   Meas. 

[Sig.  like  Txnicqiteris.] 
tenuis,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  slender.] 
unita,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  from  the  united 

pinnules.] 
urophylla,,  see  Alethopteris  urophylla. 
velutina,    Lesquereux,    1858,   Geo.   Sur. 

Penn.,vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  velvety.] 
villosa,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  covered  with  short 

hair-like  projections.] 
Phylloptekis,  Brongniart,  1828,Tab.  d.  Gen., 

etc.  [Ety.  phyllon,  a  leaf ;  pteris,  a  fern.] 
antiqua,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
Phytolithm,  Martin,  1809,  Petrificata  Derbien- 

sia.  [Ety.  phyton,  a  plant ;  litlios,  stone.] 
cancellatus,  "see  Sigillaria  cancellata. 
dawsoni,  see  Sigillaria  dawsoni. 
decoratus,  see  Calamites  decoratus. 
martin),  see  Sigillaria  martini. 
notatus,  see  Sigillaria  notata. 
reticulatus,  see  Stigmaria  reticulata. 
sukatus,  see  Calamites  sulcatus. 
tessellatus,  see  Sigillaria  tessellata. 
transversv^,  see  Artisia  transversa. 
verrucosus,  see  Stigmaria  verrucosa. 
Physophycus,  Schimper,  1869,  Pal.Veg.  [Ety. 

phyton,  a  plant ;    phykos,  a  sea   weed.] 
marginatus,  Lesquereux,  1866,  (Caulerpi- 

tes  marginatus)  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc, 

vol.  13,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  margined.] 
Phytopsis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  1.  [Ety. 

phyton,  a  plant ;  opsis,  resemblance.] 
cellulosum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Birdseye  Gr.     [Sig.  from  the  cellular 

Sllbstfl.il  C6  1 

tubulosum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Birdseye  Gr.  [Sig.  abounding  in  tubes.  ] 
Pinnularia, "Lindley  &  Hutton,  1835,  Foss. 

Flora,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  pinna,  a  feather.] 
calamitarum,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  like 

the  genus  Calamites.] 
capillacea,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1835,  Foss. 

Flora,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig.   stringy,  as 

the  roots  of  herbs.] 
confer voides,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like 

Conferva.] 


crassa,  Dawson,   1863,  Can.   Nat.,   vol.  8, 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  thick.] 
dispalans,    Dawson,    1852,    Quar.    Jour. 

Geo.   Soc,  vol.   18,  Devonian.    [Sig. 

straggling,  stray.] 
elongata,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants  Can., 

Devonian.     [Sig.  lengthened.] 
fucoides,    Lesquereux,    1868,   Geo.   Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  fucus, 

sea  weed;  eidos,  likeness.] 
horizontalis,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  hori- 
zontal.] 
nodosa,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants  Can., 

Devonian.     [Sig.  knotty.] 
pinnata,    Lesquereux,    1858,    Geo.    Sur. 

Penn., vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  winged.] 
ramosissima,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat,vol. 

8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  very  branchy.] 
Polyporites,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1833,  Foss. 

Flora.     [Ety.  from  its  resemblance  to 

the  folyporus  versicolor.] 
bowmanni,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1833,  Foss. 

Flora,Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
polysporus,  Newberry,  1873,Ohio  Pal., vol. 

1.    [Ety.  polys,  many;  sporos,  seed.] 
mirabilis,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,vol.l, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  wonderful,  strange.] 
Prototaxites,   Dawson,  1859,   Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  15.      [Ety.  protos,  first; 

taxus,  Yew  tree ;  so  named  from  the 

spirally  marked  cells  characteristic  of 

the  genus  Taxites.]    Carruthers  says 

it  is  an  Alga  and  has  therefore  called 

it  Nematophycus. 
logani,   Dawson,   1859,  Quar.   Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  15,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper 

name.]  This  is  the  oldest  known  tree 

in  America,  according  to  Dawson,  but 

Carruthers  says  it  is  a  huge  sea- weed 

and   has   named    it    Nematophycus 

logani. 
Psaroxius,  Cotta,  1832,  Dendrol.   in  Bezie- 

hung.     [Ety.  psaros,  speckled.] 
erianus,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants  Can., 

Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
textilis,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants  Can., 

Devonian.      [Sig.  Avoven,  like  a  web.] 
Psilophyton,  Dawson,  1859,  Quar.  Jour. Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  15.     [Ety.   psilon,    smooth; 

phyton,  stem.] 
elegans,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  18,  Devonian.  [Sig.  elegant.] 
glabrum,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  18,  Devonian.    [Sig.  without 

hair,  smooth.] 
princeps,  Dawson,  1859,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  Upper  Silurian  and  Devonian. 

[Sig.  original,  principal.]     This  is  the 

oldest  known  plant  in  America.    It  is 

supposed  to  have  grown  in  a  marsh, 
robustius,  Dawson,  1859,Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  15,  Devonian.     [Sig.  strong, 

like  oak.] 
Ptilocarpus,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4.  [Etv,  ptilon,  a  wing;  karpos, 

fruit.] 


PLANTS. 


bicornutus,  Lesquereux,   1870,  Geo.   Sur. 
111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  from  two 
short  horns  at  the  base.] 
Rhabdocakpus,  Goeppert  &  Berger,  1848,  de 

Fruct.  et  Sem.      [Ety.  rhabdos,  stria ; 

karpos,  fruit.] 
acuminatus,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  pointed.] 
amygdaliformis,  Goeppert  &  Berger,  1848, 

de  Fruct  et  Sem.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

like  the  almond,  Amygdalm.] 
apiculatus,   Newberry,   1873,   Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  pointed.] 
arcuatus,   Lesquereux,    1861,   Geo.   Sur. 

Ky.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  bent.] 
cariuatus,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal., vol. 

1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  keeled.] 
clavatus,    Sternberg,    1820,  (Carpolithes 

clavatus)    Vers.  Darst.  Flora  der  Vor- 

welt,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  club-shaped.] 
costatus,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ribbed.] 
danai,  Foster,  1854,  Ann.   of  Sci.,  vol.  1, 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
insignis,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  remarkable.] 
lsevis,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  1, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  smooth.] 
mammillatus,  Lesquereux,  1870,Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     Sig.  mammil- 

lated.] 
minutus,  Lesquereux,  I860,  Geo.Sur.Ark., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  very  small.] 
venosus,  Lesquereux,    1858,    Geo.    Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  full  of 

veins.] 
Rhachiopteris,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.   Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  18.  [Ety.  rachis,  a  ridge; 

pteris,  a  fern.] 
cyclopteroides,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  18,  Catskill  Gr.     [Ety. 

like  the  genus  Cychpteris.} 
gigantea,  Dawson,  1871, Foss.  Plants  Can., 

Devonian.     [Sig.  very  large.] 
palmata,  Dawson,  1870,  Proc.  Royal  Soc, 

Devonian.      [Sig.  like  the  palm  tree.] 
pinnata,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,vol.  18,  Ham.Gr.  [Sig.  feathered.] 
punctata,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  18,  Catskill  Gr.     [Sig.  punc- 
tured.] 
striata,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.   Jour.   Geo. 

Soc, vol.  18,  Ham.Gr.    [Sig.  striated.] 
tenuistriata,   Dawson,   1862,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.   Soc,  vol.   18,   Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

fine-lined.] 
Rhacophyllum,  Schimper,  1869,  Palseonto- 

logie  Vegetale.     [Ety.  rakos,  rugged; 

phyllon,  a  leaf.] 
affine,  Lesquereux,  1858,  (Pachyphyllum 

affine)  Geo.Sur.Penn.,  vol.2,CoalMeas. 

[Sig.  nearto;  related  to  R.  fimbriatum.] 
fimbriatum,   Lesquereux,  1858,   (Pachy- 
phyllum fimbriatum)  Geo. Sur.  Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  fringed.] 
hirsutum,  Lesquereux,  1858,  (Pachyphyl- 
lum hirsutum)  Geo.  Sur.  Penn.,  vol.  2, 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  hairy.] 


laceratum,    Lesquereux,     1858,    (Pachy- 
phyllum laceratum)  Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 
vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  lacerated.] 
lactuca,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.Veg.  Foss., 
Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  lactuca,  Lettuce.] 
Ehizolithes,  F.   Braun,    1847,   in    Flora,  etc. 
[Ety.  rhiza,  a  root ;  lithos,  stone.] 
palmatifidus,  Lesquereux,  1860,  Geo.  Sur. 
Ark.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  divided 
like  a  hand.] 
Rhizomopteris,   Schimper,   1869,  Traite  de 
Palseontologie    Vegetale.       [Sig.    the 
rhizomas  of  ferns.]    This  was  formed 
to  include  Sclaginites  uncinatus  and  S. 
erdmanni.] 
Rotularia  longifolia,  see  Sphenophyllum  lon- 

gifolium. 

Rusophycus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  rusos,  rugose ;  phykos,  sea-plant.] 

bilobatus,     Vanuxem,     1842,     (Fucoides 

bilobatus)  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Cin'ti  & 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  two-lobed.] 

clavatus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.   2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  club-shaped.] 
grenvillensis,   Billings,   1862,  Pal.  Foss., 
vol.  1,  Chazy  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pudicus,   Hall,   1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2, 
Hud.  Riv.  &  Clinton  Gr.  [Sig.  shame- 
faced, modest.] 
subangulatus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
2,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  angu- 
lated.] 
Sagenaria,  Brongniart,    1822,   Memoires  du 
Museum  d'Histoire  Naturelle. 
veltheimiana,  see  Lepidodendron  velthei- 
manum. 
Schizopteris,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.Veg.  Foss. 
[Ety.  schizo,  to  cleave;  pteris,  a  fern.] 
lactuca,  see  Hymenophyllites  lactuca. 
Schutzia,   Goeppert,  1848",   Permian   Flora. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
bracteata   Lesquereux,    1870,   Geo.    Sur. 
111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  covered 
with  leaves  or  plates.] 
Scolithus,  Haldeman,  1840,  Supp.  to  Mon- 
ograph of  Limniades.     [Ety.  xcolex,  a 
worm ;  lithos,  a  stone.] 
canadensis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Potsdam  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
linearis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.   N.    Y.,  vol.  1, 
Potsdam  to  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  drawn 
out  in  lines.] 
verticalis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Medina  sandstone.     [Ety.  from  pene- 
trating the  strata  vertically.] 
Scolopendrites,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo. Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2.      [Ety.  from  the  living 
fern  Scolopendrium.] 
dentatus,  Lesquereux,   1858,    Geo.    Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  den- 
tatus, toothed.]    In  the  text  the  spe- 
cific name  is  written  grosse-dentata,  a 
Franco-Latin  hybrid,  but  on  plate  8, 
fig.  7,  the  name  is  corrected  by  leav- 
ing off  the  French. 
Selaginites,   Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 
Veg.   Foss.      [Ety.    from    the    plant 
Selago.'] 


PLANTS. 


37 


cavifolius,  Lesquereux,  1861,(Lycopodites 

cavifolius)  Geo.  Rep.  Ky.,  vol.  4,  Coal  j 

Meas.     [Sig.  hollow-leaved.] 
crassus,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  thick,  stout.] 
forruosus,  Dawson,  1861,  Can.  Nat., vol.  6, 

Devonian.    [Sig.  beautiful.] 
uncinatus,   Lesquereux,   1866,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  hooked.] 
Sigillakia,  Brongniart,  1822.  Mem.  du  Mus. 

d'Hist.  Nat.  de  Paris.      [Ety.  sigillmn, 

a  seal ;  from  the  seal-like  scars  of  fallen 

leaves  stamped  upon  the  bark.] 
alternans,   Lindley   &    Hutton,    1831-33, 

Foss.   Flora,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  alter- 
nating.] 
alveolaris,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Yeg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  alveolus, 

a  small  channel.] 
angusta,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist. Veg. Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  narrow.] 
attenuata,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Catal.  Potts. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  attenuated.] 
brardi,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
bretonensis  Dawson,   1868,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,   2nd  series,   vol.  3,  Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
brochanti,  Brongniart,  1828,   Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
browni,  Dawson,  1861,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  17,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
cancellata,    Martin,    1809,     (Phytolithus 

cancellatus)  Petrif.  Derb.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  cancellated.] 
catenoides,   Dawson,   1868,   Can.  Nat,  & 

Geo.,   2nd  series,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  chain-like.] 
catenulata,   Lindley  &  Hutton,  1831-33, 

Foss.  Flora,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  linked 

together  in  a  chain.]    Probably  syn. 

for  S.  aUernoiu. 
chemungensis,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th 

Dist.N.Y.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
cisti,  see  Caulopteris  cisti. 
corrugata,    Lesquereux,    1861,  Geo.  Sur. 

Ky.,  vol.  4;  redefined  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  corru- 
gated.] 
cymatoides,  Wood,  1860,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  wave-like.] 
dawsoni,   Steinhaur,    1818,    (Phytolithus 

dawsoni)   Trans.    Am.   Phil."  Assoc, 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
defrancii,  Brongniart,   1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
dilatata,    Lesquereux,    1858,    Geo.    Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  ex- 
panded.] 
discoidea,   Lesquereux,    1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  from 

the  discoidal  shape  of  the  scars.] 
dournaisi,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 


dubia,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 
elegans,  Brongniart,  1828,   Prodr.    Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  elegant.] 
elongata,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  from  the 

elongated  scars.] 
eminens,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8, 

Coal   Meas.      [Sig.   standing   out   in 

relief,  prominent.] 
fissa,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  divivided,  from 

the  deeply  emarginate  scars.] 
flexuosa,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1837,  Foss. 

Flora,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  full  of 

flexures.] 
intermedia,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist,  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  intermediate.] 
knorri,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. Veg. 

Foss. ,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
laevigata,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg. Foss. , Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  smoothed. ] 
lepidodendrifolia,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  leaved 

like  the  Lepidodendron.] 
lescuraei,  Schimper,  1869,  Traite  de  Palse- 

ontologie  Vegetale,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
lorwayana,   Dawson,   1873,  Foss.  Plants, 

Low.  Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
martini,    Steinhaur,    1818,    (Phytolithus 

martini)   Trans.   Amer.   Phil.  Assoc., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
massiliensis,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
menardi,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
monostigma,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  single- 
dotted.] 
notata,    Steinhaur,     1818,     (Phytolithus 

notatus)    Trans.    Am.    Phil.    Assoc, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  marked.] 
obliqua,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist. Veg.Foss., 

Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  from  the  oblique 

scars.] 
obovata,  Lesquereux,  1858,Geo.Sur.Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal -Meas.     [Sig.  obovate.] 
oculata,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.Hist.Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  oculus,  an  eye.] 
organum,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1833,  Foss. 

Flora,  vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  an  in- 
strument or  pipe.] 
pachyderma,    Brongniart,    Prodr.    Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  thick- 
barked.] 
palpebra,  Dawson,  1860,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
'    Soc,  vol.  8,  Devon.     [Sig.  an  eye-lid.] 
planicosta,   Dawson,   1863,  Can.   Nat.   & 

Geo.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  smooth- 
ribbed.] 
polita,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  smoothed.] 
reniformis,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist, 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  kidney- 
shaped.] 


PLANTS. 


reticulata,  Steinhaur,  1818,  (Phytolithus 

reticulatus)  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Assoc, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  reticulated.] 
reticulata,  Lesquereux,  1860,Geo.Sur.Ark., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  reticulated.] 
rugosa,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist.Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  wrinkled.] 
saulli,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
schimperi,  Lesquereux,  1858,   Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
schlotheimana,   Brongniart,   1828,    Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.]     American  Sp.  (?) 
sculpta,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.Sur.Penn., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  engraved.] 
scutellata,   Brongniart,  1828,   Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal.  Meas.  [Sig.  a  little  shield.] 
semina,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  III., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  seeds  of  Sig- 

illaria.] 
serlii,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
sillimani,   Brongniart,   1828,   Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
simplicitas,  Vanuxem,    1843,   Geo.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Catskill   Gr.     [Sig.   from  the 

straightness  of  grain.] 
spinulosa,  Germ.,  1853,  Vers.  v.Wett,  etc., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  full  of  spines.] 
stellata,    Lesquereux,    1858,    Geo.    Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  from 

the   radiating   wrinkles    around    the 

scars.] 
striata,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  striated.]    The 

name  was  preoccupied  by  Brongniart 

in  1828. 
sydenensis,   Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geol.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
tessellata,  Steinhaur,   1818,  (Phytolithus 

tessellatus)  Trans.   Am.  Phil.  Assoc. 

[Sig.  from  the  square  scars.] 
tessellata,   Brongniart,    1828,    Hist.    Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.      The  name  was 

preoccupied, 
vanuxemi,  Gceppert,  1836,  Flora  Silurisch, 

Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
yardleyi,  Lesquereux,  1866,Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Sigillakioides,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4.  [Ety.  from  its  resemblance 

to  the  genus  Sigillaria.'] 
radicans,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  rooted.] 
stellaris,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  starred.] 
Sphenophyllum,   Brongniart,   1828,    Prodr. 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.  [Ety.  sphen,  a  wedge ; 

phytton,  a  leaf.]    This  genus  was  called 

Sphenophyllites  by  Brongniart  in  1822. 
antiquum,  Dawson,  1861,  Can.  Nat.,  vol. 

6,  Devonian.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
bifurcatum,  Lesquereux,  1860,  Geo.  Sur. 

Ark.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  bifur- 
cated.] 


brevifolium,  Newberry,  1854,  Ann.  of  Sci., 

vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  short-leaved.] 
cornutum,  Lesquereux,   1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  horned.] 
emarginatum,   Brongniart,    1828,   Prodr. 

Hist.   Veg.  Foss.,   Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

from  the  peculiar  notch  at  the  apex  of 

the  leaf.] 
erosum,  Lindley  &  Hutton,   1833,  Foss. 

Flora,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  gnawed,  bit- 
ten away.] 
filiculme,    Lesquereux,    1858,  Geo.  Rep. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  filum, 

a  thread;  culmus,  a  straw.] 
longifolium,    Germar,    1828,     (Rotularia 

longifolia)  Act.  Ac.  Caes.  Leop.  Nat. 

Cur.,  vol.  15,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  long- 
leaved.] 
oblongifolium,  Germ.  &  Kaulf.,  1828,  Act. 

Ac.   Nat.   Cur.,   vol.   15,   Coal    Meas. 

[Ety.  from  the  oblong  leaf.] 
saxifragifolium,   Sternberg,  1825,  (Rotu- 
laria saxifragifolia)  Vers.  Darst.  Flora 

der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  leaved 

like  iSaxifraga.'] 
schlotheimi,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
simplicitas,   Vanuxem,   1842,   Geo.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Catskill  Gr.      [Sig.  plainness, 

simplicity.] 
trifoliatum,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  tres, 

three ;  folium,  a  leaf.] 
Sphenopteris,   Brongniart,   1822,   Mem.  du 

Mus.   d'Hist.  Nat.   de   Paris.      [Ety. 

sphen,  a  wedge ;  ptens,  a  fern.] 
abbreviate,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,     vol.    2,    Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

shortened.] 
acuta,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  sharp.] 
adiantoides,    Lindley    &    Hutton,    1833, 

Foss.    Flora,   Coal    Meas.     [Sig.  like 

Adiantum.'] 
alata,  see  Hymenophyllites  alatus. 
artemisisefolia,  see  Eremopteris  artemisise- 

folia. 
canadensis,   Dawson,   1863,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geol.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
davallana,  Gceppert,  1841,   Gatt.  d.  Foss. 

Pflanzen,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
decipiens,   Lesquereux,   1860,   Geo.  Sur. 

Ark.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  deceiving.] 
delicatula,    see    Hymenophyllites  delica- 

tulus. 
dilatata,  Lesquereux,  1860,  Geo.  Sur.  Ark., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  spread  out.] 
dubuissoni,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
elegans,   Brongniart,   1828,   Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
flagellaris,   Lesquereux,   1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like  a  whip.] 
furcata,  see  Hymenophyllites  furcatus. 
gersdorfi,  see  Hymenophyllites  gersdorfi. 


PLANTS. 


30 


glandulosa,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  glan- 
dular.] 
gracilis,   Brongniart,   1828,   Prodr.   Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  slender.] 
gravenhorsti,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist. Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
harti,    Dawson,   1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geol. 

Soc.,  vol.  18,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
hitchcoekana,   Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour 

Geol.  Soc,  vol.  18,  Devonian.     [Ety 

proper  name.] 
hoeninghausi,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist. Veg 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hymenophylloides,  Brongniart,  1828,Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  from 

the  resemblance  to  Hymenophyllites.} 
intermedia,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  inter- 
mediate   between    S.    chaerophylloides 

and  Pecopterus  athyrioides.'] 
irregularis,  Sternberg,  1833,  Vers.  Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

irregular.] 
latifolia,   Brongniart,  1828,   Prodr.   Hist. 

Veg.   Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  broad- 
leaved.] 
latior,    Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  broader.] 
laxa,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N. 

Y.,  Chemung   Gr.      [Sig.  loosely  ar- 
ranged.]   This  name  was  preoccupied 

by  Sternberg, 
lesquereuxi,   Newberry,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
macilenta,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1833,  Foss. 

Flora,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  poor,  lean.] 
marginata,    Dawson,    1862,   Quar.    Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  18,    Devonian.     [Sig. 

bordered.] 
microloba,   Gceppert,    1836,   Syst.    Filic 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  small-lobed.] 
mixta,  Schimper,  1869,  Traite  de  Palgeon- 

tologie    Vegetale,  Coal   Meas.      [Sig. 

mixed.] 
munda,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  neat,  elegant.] 
myriophylla,  see  Hymenophyllites  myri- 

ophyllus. 
newberryi,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
obtusiloba,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  obtuse-lobed.] 
paupercula,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  poor.] 
pilosa,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Devo- 
nian.    [Sig.  hairy,  shaggy.] 
plicata,    Lesquereux,    1858,    Geo.    Sur. 

Penn.,    vol.    2,    Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

folded.] 
polyphylla,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1835,  Foss. 

Flora,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  many-leaved.] 
recurva,  Dawson,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  19,  Devonian.     [Sig.  turned 

back.] 


rigida,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  rigid.] 
scaberrima,  Lesquereux,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  very  rough.] 
schlotheimi,  see  Hymenophyllites  schlot- 

heimi. 
spinosa,  see  Hymenophyllites  spinosus. 
splendens,    Dawson,   1871,  Foss.   Plants 

Canada,  Devonian.     [Sig.  splendid.] 
squamosa,   Lesquereux,   1858,  Geo.  Sur. 

Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  scaly.] 
tenella,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  delicate.] 
tenuifolia,  see  Hymenophyllites  tenuifo- 

lius. 
trichomanoides,  see  Hymenophyllites  tri- 

chomanoides. 
tridactylUes,  see  Hymenophyllites  tridac- 

tylites. 
trifoliata,    Brongniart,    1828,  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  three-leaved.] 
Sphenothallus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

[Ety.  sphen,  a  wedge ;  (hallos,  a  branch' 

or  frond.] 
angustifolius.Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  narrow-leaved.] 
latifolius,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  1, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  broad-leaved.] 
Spirophyton,   Hall,   1863,    16th  Reg.   Rep. 

[Ety.  speira,  a  coil ;  phyton,  a  plant.] 
cauda-galli,   Vanuxem,   1842,  {Fucovdes 

cauda-galli)  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Devonian. 

[Sig.  like  the  tail  of  a  cock.] 
crassum,  Hall,  1863, 16th  Reg.  Rep.,Carb. 

Conglomerate.     [Sig.  thick.] 
typus,  Hall,  1863,  16th   Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Ety.  type  of  the  genus.] 
velum,  Vanuxem,  1842,  (Fucoides  velum) 

Geo.Rep.N.  Y.  [Ety.  velum,  a  curtain.] 
Sporangites,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  and 

Geol.,  vol.  8.    [Sig.  seed-vessel.] 
glaber,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8, 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  smooth.] 
papillatus,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,vol.  8, 

Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  covered  with  papilli.] 
Staphylopteris,  1838,  Presl,  in  Sternb.  Vers. 

Darst.  Flora  der  Vorwelt.  [Ety.  staphy- 

k,  a  bunch  of  grapes;  pteris,  a  fern.] 
asteroides,   Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.   Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  star-like.] 
sagittata,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  barbed  like 

an  arrow.] 
stellata,  Lesquereux,  1860,  Geo.  Sur.  Ark., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  starred.] 
wortheni,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  proper  name.  ] 
Sternbergia,  Artis,  1826,  Antediluvian  Phy- 

tology.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
var.  angularis,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  angular.] 
var.  approximata,  Dawson,   1868,  Acad. 

Geol.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  approximate.] 
var.  distans,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  distant.] 
•or.  obscura,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  obscure.] 


40 


PLANTJE. 


Stigmaria,  Brongniart.  1822,  Mem.  du  Mus, 
d'Hist.  Nat.  de  Paris.  [Ety.  stigma,  a 
dot  or  puncture.]  This  genus  is  re- 
garded as  representing  the  roots  of 
Sigillaria. 

anabathra,  Corda,  184  5,  Beitrage  zur 
Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
a  ladder.] 

areolata,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants  Can- 
ada, Devonian.  [Sig.  areolate,  divided 
into  irregular  squares,  or  small  angu- 
lar spaces.] 

costata,  Lesquereux,  18  5  8,  Geo.  Sur. 
Perm., vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  ribbed.] 

elliptica,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  in  the  form 
of  an  ellipse.] 

eveni,  see  Stigmarioides  eveni. 

exigua,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc,  vol.  18,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig. 
small.] 

ficoides,  Brongniart,  1822,  Mem.  du  Mus. 
d'Hist.  Nat.  de  Paris,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
like  a  fig.] 

ficoides  var.  a,  b,  c,  d,  e,  f,  g,  h,  i,  k,  1, 
Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Coal  Meas. 

ficoides  var.  reticulata,  Gceppert,  1841, 
Gatt.  d.  Foss.  Pflanzen,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  reticulated.] 

ficoides  var.  stellata,  Gceppert,  1841,  Gatt. 
d.  Foss.  Pflanzen,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
starred.] 

ficoides  var.  undulata,  Gceppert,  1841, 
Gatt.  d.  Foss.  Pflanzen,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  wavy.] 

irregularis,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  from 
the  irregularity  of  the  scars.] 

minor,  Gceppert,  1841,  Gatt.  d.  Foss. 
Pflanzen,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  less.] 

minuta,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  in 
allusion  to  the  small  size  of  the  lower 
scars.] 

minutissima,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants 
Can.,  Devonian.     [Sig.  very  minute.] 

perlata,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants  Can- 
ada, Devonian.    [Sig.  very  wide.] 

pusilla,  Dawson,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc,  vol.  19,  Devonian.  [Sig.  very 
small.] 

radicans,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  throw- 
ing out  roots.] 

umbonata,  Lesquereux,  1858,  Geo.  Sur. 
Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  em- 
bossed.] 

verrucosa,  Martin,  1809,  (Phytolithus 
verrucosus)  Petrif.  Derb.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  warty.] 
Stigmarioides,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  4.  [Ety.  from  its  resem- 
blance to  Stigmaria.'] 

affinis,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  contiguous.] 

eveni,  Lesquereux,  1866,  (Stigmaria 
eveni)  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  proper  name,] 


linearis,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  drawn  out  in 

lines.] 
rugosus,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  wrinkled.] 
selago,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  like  the  plant 

Selago.] 
truncatus,  Lesquereux,   1870,   Geo.   Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  truncated, 

cut  short.] 
tuberosus,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.   Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  tuberose. 

composed  of  tuber-like  parts.] 
villosus,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.    4,    Coal    Meas.       [Sig.    villous, 

covered  with  short  hair-like  projec- 
tions.] 
Syringodenkron,  Sternberg,   18  2  0,   Vers. 

Darst.  Flora  der  Vorwelt.    [  Ety.  syrimc, 

a  pipe;  dendron,  a  tree.] 
bistriatum,  AVood,  1860,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  double-striated.] 
cyclostegium,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist. Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  circular  cov- 
ering.] 
cyclostigma,  Brongniart,  1828,  Hist.  Veg. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  circular  punc- 
ture.] 
gracile,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.   18.  .Chemung  Gr.        [Sig. 

slender.] 
pachyderma,  see  Sigillaria  pachyderma. 
pes-capreoli,  Sternb.,   1828,  Vers.  Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

pes,   stalk;      capreolus,    small    tendril 

which  supports  it.] 
porteri,  Lesquereux,  1870,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Syringoxylon,   Dawson,  1862,   Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  18.    [Ety.  syrinx,  a  pipe, 

xylon,  wood.] 
mirabile,  Dawson,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  18,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  extra- 
ordinary.] 
T^eniopteris,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.   Foss.      [Ety.   tainia,   a  ribbon; 

pteris,  a  fern.] 
magnifolia,   Bunbury,  1847,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.   Lond.,  vol.  3,   Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  large-leaved.] 
Trichomanites,  Gceppert,  1836,  Syst.  Filic. 

Foss.  [Ety.from  the  plant  Trichomanes.~] 
filicula,  Dawson,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  19,  Devonian.     [Ety.  filicula, 

a  small  fern.] 
Trigonocarpon,   Brongniart,  18  2  8,  Prodr. 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.     [Ety.   trigon,  a  tri- 
angle ;   karpos,  a  fruit.] 
avellanum,   Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.   & 

Geo.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  a  filbert.] 
bertholletiforme,   Foster,   1853,   Ann.  of 

Sci.,  vol.   1,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig.   like 

BertlwUetia.] 
carbonarium,    King,   1856,    Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  7,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  per- 
taining to  coal.] 


PLANTS. 


4i 


dawsi,    Lindley  &  Button,    1837,   Foss. 

Flora,   Coaf  Meas.       [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
hildrethi,  Dawson,  syn.  (?)  for  Trigono- 

carpon  triloculare, 
hookeri,  Dawson,  1861,  Quar.  Jour.  Geol., 

Soc,  vol.  17,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
intermedium,   Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  intermediate.] 
juglans,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,Low.  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  a  walnut.] 
magnum,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  large.] 
mentzelianus,  Gceppert  &  Berger,  1848, 

de  Fruct.  et  Sem.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
minus,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  less.] 
multicarinatum,    Newberry,   1873,    Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  1,  Carb.  Conglomerate.  [Sig. 

many-carinated.] 
m  e // iVn'a/ii  m  ,seeCar  polithes  multistriatus. 
nceggerathi,    Brongniart,    1828,    Prodr. 

Hist.    Veg.  Foss.,   Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
oblongum,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1837,  Foss. 

Flora,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  oblong.] 
oliveeforme,   Lindley  &  Hutton,   1837, 

Foss.  Flora,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

like  an  olive.] 
ornatum,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1,  Carb.  Conglomerate.     [Sig.  ornate, 

adorned.] 
parkinsoni,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
perantiquum,  Dawson,  1871,  Foss.  Plants 

Canada,   Devonian.       [Sig.   very  an- 
cient.] 
racemosum,  Dawson,  1862,   Quar.   Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,   vol.   18,   Devonian.     [Sig. 

clustering.] 
rostellatum,  Lesquereux,  1866,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  2,  Up.  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  little- 
beaked.] 
rotundum,  Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol. 

8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  wheel-shaped.] 
schultzanum,    Gceppert  &  Berger,  1848, 

de   Fruct.,   etc.,   Coal   Meas.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
sigillaria>,    Dawson,  1863,  Can.  Nat.,  vol. 

8,   Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  from  the  genus 

Sigilldria.] 
tricuspidatum,    Newberry,     1873,    Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  three- 
pointed.] 


triloculare,  Hildreth,   1835,  (Carpolithes 

trilocularis)  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,    vol.  31, 

Conglomerate  and   Low.  Coal   Meas. 

[Sig.  three-chambered.] 
woodruffi,  Moss,  1852,Proc.  Acad.Nat.  Sci., 

vol.  5,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Trochophyllum,  Wood,   1860,  Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.    This  name  was  proposed  as 

a  substitute  for    Annvlaria,   Sternb., 

because  the  latter  was  preoccupied  as 

a  generic  name  in  the  sub-kingdom 

Mollusca.       [Ety.    trochos,    a    wheel ; 

pkyllon,&  leal'.] 
Ulodendkon,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1831,  Foss. 

Flora.      [Ety.  trie,   wood;    dendron,  a 

tree.] 
ellipticum,  Sternberg,  1838,  Vers.  Darst. 

Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

elliptical.] 
elongatum,  Lesquereux,   1870,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  drawn 

out.] 
lindleyanum,  Presl,  1833,  in    Sternberg, 

Vers.  Darst.  Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal 

Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
majum,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1831-33,  Foss. 

Flora,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  great.] 
minus,  Lindley  &  Hutton,    1833,  Foss. 

Flora,  CoalMeas.     [Sig.  less.] 
punctatum,    Presl,    1833,    in  Sternberg, 

Vers.  Flora  der  Vorwelt,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  dotted.] 
Uphaxt.enia,  Vanuxem,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  N. 

Y.      [Ety.    uphantos,   woven ;    tainia, 

ribbon.]* 
chemungensis,  Vanuxem,  1843,Geo.  Rep. 

N.   Y.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
Walchia,    Sternberg,     1825,   Vers.    Darst. 

Flora    der    Vorwelt.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
gracilis,  Dawson,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  slen- 
der.] 
robusta,  Dawson, Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  robust.] 
Whittleseya,  Newberry,  1853,  Ann.  of  Sci., 

vol.  1.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
elegans,   Newberry,  1853,   Ann.   of  Sci., 

vol.  1,  Cuyahoga  shale.  [Sig.  elegant.] 
Zamites,   Brongiart,   1825,  in   Annales  des 

Sciences    Naturelles,    vol.    4.      [Ety. 

from  its  resemblance  to  the  existing 

genus  Zamia.] 
gramineus,  Bunbury,   1847,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  grassy.] 
obtusifolius,   Rogers,   1844,    Rep.    Ass  n 

Am.  Geol.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  obtuse 

leaved.] 


ANIMAL    KINGDOM 


SUB-KINGDOM     PROTISTA. 


CLASS  RHIZOPODA.— [Ety.  rhiza,  a  root ;  podes,  feet.] 
CLASS  PORIFERA.—  [Ety.  porta,  a  pore ;  few,  to  bear.] 


CLASS  RHIZOPODA.— Dentaliiia,  Eozoon,  Fusulina,  Nullipora,  Receptaculites,  Rotalia. 

CLASS  PORIFERA.— Archeooyatl i us,  Astrseospongia,  Astylospongia,  Aulocopma,  Brachi- 
ospongia,  Calathium,Cnemidium,  Oonoptarium,  Eospongia,  Palaeacis,  Palaeomanon, 
Rhabdaria,  Traehyum,  Trichospongia. 

INCERT^E  SEDIS. — Pasceolus,  Ribeiria.  The  latter  genus  is  placed  by  Woodward  in 
the  class  Lamellibranchiata.  Salter  referred  it  to  the  Crustacea.  It  is  very  doubt- 
ful whether  it  is  American. 


Archeocyathus,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss., 
vol.  1,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety.  arche,  be- 
ginning  ;   cyathns,  a  cup.] 

atlanticus,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

minganensis,  Billings,  1859,  (Petraiamin- 
ganensis)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol.,  vol.  4, 
Calcif.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

profundus,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  deep.] 

rensselsericus,  Ford,  1873,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 
&  Arts.  3rd  ser.,  vol.  5,  Low.  Potsdam 
Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Astr;eospongia,  Roemer,  1860,  Sil.  Fauna, 
des  West  Tenn.  [Ety.  astnea,  from 
aster,  a  star ;   spongia,  sponge.  ] 

hamiltonensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866, 
Proc.  Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  1,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

meniscus,  Roemer,  1848,  (Blumenbach- 
ium  miniscus)  Leonh.  &  Bronn's 
Jahrb.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  meniskos, 
a  little  moon.] 
Astylospongia,  Roemer,  1860,  Sil.  Fauna, 
des  West  Tenn.  [Ety.  astylos,  without 
a  pillar  or  prop;  apongia,  sponge.] 

Christiana,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

imbricato-articulata,  Roemer,  1848,  (Si- 
phonia  imbricato-articulata)  Leonh.  & 
Bronn's  Jahrb.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
imbricatu8,  imbricated;  arlimlatus,  ar- 
ticulated.] 


inciso-lobata,     Roemer,     1848,    (Spongia 

inciso-lobata)      Leonh.      &     Bronn's 

Jahrb.,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  cut  into  lobes.] 
bursa,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  a  purse.] 
parvula,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 
perryi,    Billings,    1861,    Geol.    Vermont, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
praemorsa,  Goldfuss,  1826,  (Siphonia  pra> 

morsa)    Petref.    Germ.,    Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  jagged  as  if  bitten  off.] 
stellatim-sulcata,  Roemer,  1848,  (Spongia 

stellatim-sulcata)    Leonh.    &   Bronn's 

Jahrb.,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  star-furrowed  ; 

in  allusion  to  the  star-like  depressions 

on  the  outer  surface.] 
Aulocopina,  Billings,  1875,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol. 

[Ety.  aulokopeo,  cut  into  pipes.] 
granti,  Billings,  1875,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Blumenbachium,  Konig,  1820,  Icones,  fossiles, 

sectiles, 
meniscus,  s;ee  Astrseospongia  meniscus. 
Bkachiospon'gia,   Marsh,    1867,    Am.  Jour. 

Sci.  &  Arts,  2nd  series,  vol.  44.    [Ety. 

brachium,  an  arm;  spongia,  sponge.] 
digitata,   Owen,  1857,  (Scyphia  digitata) 

Geo.  of  Ky.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig. 

having  fingers  or  toes.] 
roemerana,   Marsh,  1867,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

and  Arts,  2nd  series,  vol.  44,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
lyoni,  Marsh,  1867,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts, 


2nd  series,  vol.  44, 
proper  name.] 


Cin'ti  Gr.      [Ety. 


PROTISTA. 


48 


Calathium,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  bdathox,  a  small  wicker  basket.] 
afline,   Billings,   1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  contiguous.] 
anstedi,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
eanadense,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
nttoni,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
formosum,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
pannosum,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  ragged.  ] 
paradoxicum,   Billings,   1865,  Pal.  Foss., 

vol.  1,  Calcif.  Gr.    [Sig.  puzzling,  ques- 
tionable.] 
Cxemidium,   Goldfuss,   1826,   Petref.   Germ. 

[Ety.  Jcnemidos,  armor  for  the  legs,  a 

sort  of  boot.] 
trentonensis,   Worthen,   1875,  Geo.   Sur. 

111.,  vol.  6,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Conopterium,  Winchell,   1865,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.    [Ety.  konos,  a  cone ;  poterion, 

a  cup.] 
effusum,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,    Lithographic    limestone.      [Sig. 

spread  abroad.] 
Coscinopora  sulcata,  see  Receptaculites  oweni. 
Dextalixa,  D'Orbigny,  1826,  Ann.  Sci.  Nat., 

vol.  7.     [Ety.  dentate,  tooth;    inus,  re- 
semblance.] 
priscilla,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.Geol.,  Carb. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Eosponoia,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  ax,  dawn  ;  spongia,  sponge.] 
roemeri,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
varians,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  varians,  variable.] 
Eozoox,  Dawson,   1865,   Can.    Nat.  &  Geo., 

2d  series,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  eos,  dawn;  zoon, 

animal.] 
eanadense,  Dawson,  1865,   Can.   Nat.   & 

Geo.,  2d  series,  vol.  2,  Laurentian  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Fusulixa,  Fischer,  1837,  Oryct.  du  Gouv.  de 

Moscou.     [Ety.  fusus,  a  spindle ;  huts, 

little.] 
cylindrica,  Fischer,  1837,  Oryct.  du  Gouv. 

de  Moscou.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  cylin- 
drical.] 
cylindrica  var.  ventricosa,Meek&  Hayden, 

1859,   Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  10, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ventricose.] 
elongata,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Sig.  elong- 
ated.] 
gracilis,   Meek,  1864,  Pal.   of  California, 

vol.  1,  pt.  4,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  slender.] 
robusta,  Meek,  1864,  Pal.  California,  vol. 

1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  robust.] 
ventricosa,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1864,   Pal. 

Upper  Mo.,  Coal  Meas.     See  F.  cylin- 
drica var.  ventricosa.] 
Ischadites  tesselaius,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  Syn. 

for  Receptaculites  infundibulus. 


Lunulites,  (?)  dactioloides,  see   Receptaculites 

dactioloides. 
Nuli.ipora,    Lamarck,    1801,     Systeme    des 
Animaux  sans  Vertebres.       [Ety.  nul- 
lum, no ;  porus,  pore.] 

(?)  obtexta,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.9,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
woven  over.] 
Orhihilhes,  (?)  reticulata,    see   Receptaculites 

reticulatus. 
Pal^eacis,  Haime,  1860,  Hist.  Nat.  des  Coral- 
liaires.     [Ety.  palaios,  ancient ;  akis,  a 
barb.] 

compressus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866, 
(Sphenopoterium  compressum)  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  flattened.] 

cuneatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860, 
[Sphenopoterium  cuneatum)  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  St.  Louis  Gr. 
[Sig.  wedge-shaped.] 

enormis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  (Sphe- 
nopoterium enorme)  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  2,  Kinderhook  Gr.  [Sig.  very 
large.] 

enormis  var.  depressus,  Meek  &  Worthen, 
1866,    (Sphenopoterium    enorme  var. 
depressum)  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Kin- 
.  derhook  Gr.     [Sig.  depressed.] 

obtusus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Sphe- 
nopoterium obtusum)  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig.  obtuse.] 
Pal.eomaxox,  Roemer,  1860,  Sil.  Fauna. 
West  Tenn.  [Ety.  palaios,  ancient; 
Manon,  a  recent  genus  of  sponges.] 

cratera,  Roemer,  1848,  (Siphonia  cratera) 

Leonh.   und  Bronn's  Jahrb.,  Up.  Sil. 

[Sig.  a  cup  or  goblet.] 

Pasceolds,   Billings,   1857,    Rep.   of    Progr. 

[Ety.  pasceolus,  a  leather  money  bag.] 

claudii,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar. 
Jour.  Sci.,  Cin.Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

darwini,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar. 
Jour.  Sci.,  Cin.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

globosus,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  globular.] 

gregarius,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss., 
Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.  .  [Sig.  found  in 
flocks.] 

halli,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr.,  Anti- 
costi Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

intermedins,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil. 
Foss.  Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Sig.  inter- 
mediate.] 
Receptaculites,  DeFrance,  1827,  Diet.  Sci. 
Nat.  vol.  45.  [Ety.  receptaculum,  a  re- 
ceptacle;  litfios,  stone.] 

calcif erus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Calcif.  Gr.  [Ety.  from  the  Calci- 
forous  Group.] 

canadensis,  Billings,  1863,  (Ischadites 
canadensis)  Geo.  of  Canada,  Anticosti 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

dactioloides,  Owen,  1840,  (Lunulites  dac- 
tioloides) Rep.  on  Min.  Lands.  Up.  Sil, 
[Ety.  from  the  thimble-like  punctures. 
The  correct  orthography  is  dactyloides.] 


PROTISTA. 


elegantulus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Calcif.  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
formosus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 
Acad.   Nat.   Sei.,  Niagara   Gr.      [Sig. 
beautiful.] 
fungosus,    Hall,    1861,  Geo.   Rep.   Wfs., 

Galena  Gr.     [Sig.  spongy.] 
globularis,  Hall,   1861,  Supp.   Geo.  Rep. 

Wis.,  Galena  Gr.     [Sig.  globular.] 
heinisphericus,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis. 

Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  hemispherical.] 
infundibulus,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  funnel.] 
insularis,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,  Antiuosti  Gr.     [Sig.   upon  an 

island.] 
iowensis,  Owen,  1852,  (Selenoides  iowen- 

sis)  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Iowa  and  Minn. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
jonesi,  Billings,  1865,   Pal.   Foss.,   vol.  1, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
neptuni,  De  France,  1827,   Diet,  des  Sci. 

Nat.,    vol.    45,    Trenton    Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
occidentalis,  Salter,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem. 

Decade  1,  Trenton  Gr.   [Sig.  Western.] 
ohioensis,  Hall  &  Whitfield,   1875,   Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety  proper 

name.] 
oweni,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Galena 

Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
reticulatus,    Owen,     1840,    (Orbituloides 

reticulata)  Rep.  on  Min.  lands,  Niagara 

Gr.    [Sig.  reticulated.] 
subturbinatus,    Hall,   1863,    Trans.    Alb. 

Inst.,  vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  some- 
what top-shaped.] 
sulcatus,  Owen,  1844.    This  name  was  pre- 
occupied and  the  species  is  now  named 

R.  oweni. 
Rhabdakia,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  rhabdos,  a  rod.] 
fragilis,   Billings,   1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Calcif.  Gr.     [Sig.  frail,  brittle.] 
furcata,  Billings,  1865,   Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Calcif.  Gr.     [Sig.  forked.] 


Ribeiria,  Sharpe,  1853,  Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol. 
9.     [Ety.  proper  name  (?).] 
(?)  calcifera,    Billings,   1865,    Pal.   Foss., 
vol.  1,  Calcif.  Gr.     [Ety.  from  the  Cal- 
cif erous  Group.] 
(?)  longiuscula,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss., 
vol.  1,  Calcif.  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  the 
longest.] 
Rotalia,  Lamarck,  1804,  Ann.  Mus.     [Ety. 
rota,  a  wheel.] 
baileyi,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 
4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Scyphia,  Oken,  1815,  Lehrb.  Naturg. 
digitata,  see  Brachiospongia  digitata. 
stellata,  Troost,  1840.     Not  clearly  defined. 
Selenoides,  Owen,  1852.    Syn.  for  Receptacu- 
lites. 
iowensis,  Owen,   1852,   see  Receptaculites 
iowensis. 
Siplwnia,  Parkinson,  1820,  Organ.  Rem. 
cratera,  see  Palaeomanon  cratera. 
imbricato-articulata,  see  Astylospongia  im- 

bricato-articulata. 
prsemorsa,  see  Astylospongia  praemorsa. 
Splienopoterium,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866.     A 
Syn.  for  Palaeacis. 
coinpressum,  see  Palaeacis  compressus. 
cuneatum,  see  Palaeacis  cuneatus. 
erwrme,  see  Palaeacis  enormis. 
enorme  var.  depressum,  see  Palaeacis  enormis 

var.    depressus. 
obtusum,  see  Palaeacis  obtusus. 
Spongia,  Linnaeus,  1789,  Systema  Naturae. 

inciso-lobata,  see  Astylospongia  inciso- 
lobata. 
dellatim-sulcata,  see    Astylospongia    stel- 
latim-sulcata. 
Trachyum,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1. 
[Ety.  trachus,  rough,  rugged.] 
cyathiforme,    Billings,   1865,   Pal.    Foss., 
vol.  1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  cup-shaped.] 
rugosum,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  wrinkled.] 
Triciiospongia,    Billings,   1865,    Pal.   Foss., 
vol.  1.     [Ety.  trichias,  to   show   hairs  ; 
spongia,  a  sponge.] 
sericea,  Billings,   1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Calcif  erous  Gr.     [Sig.  silky.] 


SUB-KINGDOM   EADIATA 


CLASS    POLYPI 


ORDER     ZOANTHARIA 


FAMILY  ASTRvEID.E.— Astrsea,  Sarcinula. 

FAMILY  CYATHOPHYLLIDJE.— Acervularia,  Acrophyllum,  Amplexus,  Anthophyllum, 
Aulophyllum,  Axophyllum,  Baryphyllum,  Blothroph3'llum,  Campophyllum,  Cho- 
nophyllum,  Clisiophyllum,  Combophyllum,  Cyathophyllum,  Cyclolites,  (?)  Cysti- 
phyllum,  Diphyphyllum,  Duncanella,  Eridophyllum,  Ethmophyllum,  Hadrophyl- 
lum,  Heliophyllum,  Heterophrentis,  Lithostrotion,  Lonsdaleia,  Lophophyllum, 
Microcyclus,  Omphyma,  Pachyphyllum,  Palaeocyclus,  Palaeophyllum,  Petraia, 
Phillipsastrea,  Ptycophyllum,  Smithia,  Streptelasma,  Strombodes,  Vesicularia, 
Zaphrentis. 

FAMILY  CYATHAXONID.E.— Cyathaxonia. 

FAMILY  FA VOSITID^E.— Alveolites,  Astrocerium,  Bolboporites,  Chetetes,  Cladopora, 
Columnaria,  Columnopora,  Dendropora,  Emmonsia,  Faviphyllum,  Favistella, 
Favosites,  Leptopora,  Limaria,  Lunatipora,  Michelinia,  Monticulipora,  Nebulipora, 
Sphserolites,  Stellipora,  Stenopora,  Striatopora,  Tetradium,  Thecia,  Trachypora, 
Vermipora. 

FAMILY  HALYSITID^E. — Calapoecia,  Haimeophyllum,  Halysites,  Syringopora. 

FAMILY  MILLEPORID.E.— Fistulipora,  Heliolites,  Lyellia,  Plasmopora,  Rhombopora, 
Thecostegites. 

FAMILY  PORITID.E.— Pleurodictyum,  Protarea. 

ORDER    ALCYONARIA. 

FAMILY  ALCYONID.E.— Aulopora,  Heliopora,  Quenstedtia. 

FAMILY  TUBIPORID^E.— Cannopora,  Caunopora,  Dictyostroma,  Lamellopora,  Stro- 
matocerium,  Stromatopora,  Syringostroma,  Tubipora. 

FAMILY  GRAPTOLITID^E.— Buthograptus,  Callograptus,  Chonograptus,  Cladograptus, 
Climacograptus,  Dawsonia,  Dendrograptus,  Dicranograptus,  Dictyonema,  Didymo- 
graptus,  Diplograptus,  Discopbyllum,  Graptolithus,  Inocaulis,  Megalograptus, 
Monograptus,  Xemagraptus,  Nereograptus,  Phyllograptus,  Plurnalina,  Ptilograptus, 
Rastrites,  Retiograptus,  Retiolites,  Staurograptus,  Tetragraptus,  Thamnograptus. 


41 


POLYPI. 


Acervularia,  Schweigger,  1820,  Handb.  der 
Naturg.     [Ety.   acervus,   a  heap,  con- 
sidered as  a  body.] 
clintonensis,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 
vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
davidsoni,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mono- 
graph, Corniferous  &  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
inequalis,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Sig.  unequal.] 
profunda,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  of  Iowa,  Cor- 
niferous and  Ham.   Gr.     [Sig.  deep.] 
rugosa,  Hall,  1843,  (Astrea  rugosa)   Geo. 
Rep.   4th  Dist.    N.  Y.,  Onondaga  Gr. 
[Sig.  wrinkled.]    Is  this  Cyathophyl- 
lum  rugosum? 
Acrophyllum,  Thomson  &  Nicholson,  1870, 
Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist,,  4th  series,  vol. 
17.    *[Ety.  akros,  the  point  or  summit ; 
phylhn,  a  leaf.] 
oneidaense,  Billings,    (CI i s i o p  h  y  1 1  u m 
oneidaense)   Can.    Jour.    Corniferous 
Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Agaricia,    Lamarck,   1801,    Syst.  des  Anim. 
sans.  Yert. 
swinderniana,  see  Thecia  swinderniana. 
Alveolites,  Lamarck,  1801,  Syst.   des  An. 
sans.   Vert.       [Ety.   alreus,  a  cavity; 
litho.%  stone.] 
billings'i,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag.  N. 
S.,  vol.  1,  Corniferous  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
confertus,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag.  N. 
S.,  vol.  1,  Cornif.  Gr.       [Sig.  thick  or 
crammed  in  close  together.] 
cryptodens,    Billings,    1859,   Can.   Jour., 
vol.  4,  Up.   Held.   Gr.     [Sig.  hidden- 
toothed.] 
distans,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag.  N.  S., 
vol.  1,  Cornif.  Gr.    [Ety.  in  allusion  to 
the  distance  between  the  calices.] 
dubia,  see  Favosites  dubius. 
exsul,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  a  wanderer.] 
flsheri,    Billings,    1859,    Can.   Jour.    Up 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
frondosus,  Nicholson.  1874,  Geo.  Mag.  N, 
S.,  vol.   1,  Ham.   Gr.     [Sig.    full    of 
branches.] 
goldfussi,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
granulosus,  James,  1875,  Catal.  Cin.  Foss., 
Cincinnati  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  granules.] 
labechi,  Edwards  &  Haime,    1851,   Pal. 
Foss.  des  Terr.,  Palseoz.,  Anticosti  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
labiosus,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  Corni- 
ferous Gr.     [Sig.  large-lipped.] 
megastoma,  Winchell,   186(5,  Rep.   Low. 
Peninsula,   Mich.,    Ham.    Gr.      [Sig. 
large-mouthed ;  from  the  large  oblique 
cell  mouths.] 
niagarensis,     Rominger,     1876,     Foss. 
Corals,    Niagara   Gr.      [Ety.    proper 
name.] 
ramulosus,  Nicholson,   1874,   Geo.   Mag. 
Corniferous  Gr.      [Sig.   full   of  little 
sprigs.] 


repens,  Fought,  1749,  (Millepora  repens) 

Amam.  Acad.,  vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 

creeping.] 
reticulata,  see  Favosites  reticulatus. 
rockfordensis,  Hall,  1873,  Chemung  Gr., 

26th  Reg.  Rep.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
roemeri,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
selwyni,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag.  N.  S., 

vol.  1,  Corniferous  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
squamosus,    Billings,    1859,    Can.   Jour., 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  scaly,   rough.] 
strigillatus,   "Winchell,    1866,   Rep.   Low. 

Peninsula,    Midi.,    Ham.    Gr.      [Sig. 

wide-furrowed.] 
subramosus,    Rominger,   1876,    Foss. 

Corals,    Ham.   Gr.       [Sig.   somewhat 

ramose.] 
vallorum,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad. 

Sci.,  Devonian.     [Sig.  intrenched.] 
Amplexus,  Sowerby,  1812,   Mineral  Conch- 

ology,   vol.   1.     [Ety.  amplexus,  encir- 
cling, surrounding.] 
cingulatus,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Mid.  Sil.     [Sig.  banded,   from   the 

sharp-edged  rings  of  growth.] 
coralloides,  Sowerby,  1812,  Min.  Conch., 

vol.  1,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  coral.] 
exilis,  Billings,  1875.  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol. 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 
fragilis,  White  &  St.  John,  1868,  Trans. 

Chi.   Acad.   Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

frail.] 
mirabilis.  Billings,  1875.  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  wonderful.] 
shumardi,  M.  Edwards,  1851,  (Cyathoph- 

yllum    shumardi)    Mon.    des    Polyp. 

Foss. ,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.  ] 
yandelli,  Edwards  &   Haime,   1851,   Pal. 

Foss.    des    Ter.     Paheoz.,    Devonian. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
zaphrentiformis,  White,  1876,  Geo.  Uinta 

Mountains,   Low.    Aubrey   Gr.     [Sig. 

in  form  like  the  genus  Zaphrentis.] 
Anthophylmtm,  Schweigger,   1820,  Handb. 

der  Naturg.     [Ety.   anthos,  a  flower; 

phylhn,  a  leaf.] 
denticulatum,     Goldfuss,     1826,    Petref. 

Germ.,   Niagara    Gr.      [Sig.    denticu- 
lated.] 
expansum,  Owen,  1840,  Rep.  on  Mineral 

Lands,  Devonian.     [Sig.  spread  out,] 
Astrsca,   Lamarck,    1815,  Histoire   Naturelle 

des  Animaux  sans  Yertebres. 
gigas,  see  Phillipsastrea  gigas. 
heliautholdes,  as  identified  by   D'Archiac 

&  Verneuil,  see  Heliophyllum    Halli. 
mammillarix,     Fischer    as    identified    by 

Castlenau,     Syn.     for      Lithostrotion 

canadense. 
mammillark,   see   Phillipsastrea  mammil- 

laris. 
rugomt,  see  Acervularia  rugosa. 
\mdaia,  Troost.  1840, 5th  Geo.  Rep.  Tenn,, 

Low.  Carb.    Not  satisfactorily  defined. 


jv'Lyt: 


47 


AsntocEEirx,  Hall.  1852,  PaL  X.  Y..  voL  2. 

~Y:v.     ■■■      .-.  -:."■.?     i.       -;.'i     ~-.-y~.    -...' 
7: .-.'-  j  :.  >    -    -■•- :.-   '  -./.-. :--:.  .", 

-y:'.    :.;■::.   '.    :    :.■■"•'  •-  "v-    ..:"-  -   :.rr. >.     '. 
have   placed  the  species  under  that 
head  also, 
constrictum.  Hall,  1*32,  PaL  H.Y,  voL  2, 
Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  constricted.] 
asiticuni.  Hall,  1852,  PaL  X.  Y.,  voL  2, 


Xiagara  Gr.    [Sig-  parasitie-] 
pvriforme,  HaB,  1852,  PaL  X.  Y.,  voL  2, 

"  Xiagara  Gr.    [Sig.  pear-shaped.] 
venustum,  HaB,  1852,  PaL  X.  Y.,  voL  2, 

Xiagara  Gr.    [Sig.  elegant.] 
AnoPBYixrx,  Edwards*  Haime,  1850,  Brit 

PaL  Foss.    [Ety.  amkm,  a  pipe ;  pkgOom, 

a  plant.] 
lichardsoni,    Meek,    1868,   Trans.     ChL 

Acad.  SriL,  Devonian.      [Ety.  proper 


1836,  Germ.    Petrel 


Yjoldfuss. 


proe;  worm,  ■  pom.] 

aperta,  WincheB,  1866,  Bep.  Low.  Penin- 
sula. Mich..  Ham.Gr.  [Sig-  open,  wide.] 

araehnoidea,HaU,  1847,  PaL  X.  Y.  voL  1, 
Trenton  &  Hud  Riv.  Gr.  [Sag.  in  the 
form  of  a  cob-web.] 

conferta,  Winchell,  1866,  Bep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula, Mich.  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  thick  or 
crammed  in  dose  together.] 

curwmfa,  see  Quenstedtia  eornuta. 

cvdopora.  Winchell.  1866.  Rep.  Low.  Pe- 
ninsula, Mich..  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  btiMm* 
a  drde;  jxmm,  a  pore.] 

Roniineer,    1876,  Foss.    Corals., 
Gr.    [Sig.  erect.] 

numrnus,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  voL 
4,  Corntterous  Gr.    [Sig.  thread-like.] 

mweuBis,  HaB,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 


Rep., 
me.] 


niung  Gr.     [Etv.  proper  n 
pret  ins.  HaB,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Xiag- 

ara  Gr.    [Sig-  a  kind  of  grapevine.] 
repens,  Walch  et  Knorr,  1775,  «;MBlepo- 
rites  repens)   Samiulung  von   Merit., 
Xiaeara  Gr.     [Sig.  creeping.] 
sasivadum,  HaB,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep., 
Chemung  Gr.    [Sig.  stone-bottomed.] 
sehobariae,  HaB,  1874,  26th  Reg.   Rep., 
Low.  Held  Gr.    [Etv.  proper  name.] 
serpens,  Goldfuss,  1826,  Germ.   Petrel, 
Hamilton  Gr.     [Sig.  crawling.] 
loklea.  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 
Mich.,    Ham.    Gr.      [Sig. 
worm-formed.] 
tnbreformis,Goldfus$,  1826,  Germ.  Petrel? 
Lonsdale,  1839,  March.  SB.  Syst.,  Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  trumpet  formed.] 
umbeilijiem.  see  Quenstedtia  umlffli/era. 
Ariimra.  Castelnan.  syn-  for  IJthostrotion. 

COTMKfcwe,  see  Lithostrotion  canadense. 
Axophyxlfm,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1850,  Brit. 
Pal.  Foss.     [Etv.  axum,  axis;  phjBom, 
-.'.at.'..] 

h'bulum,  Worthen,  1875.  Geo.  Sur. 

DL,  vol.  6.  CoalMeas.    [Sig.  a  funnel.] 

rudis,  White  &  St.  John,   1868.  Trans. 

Chi.  Acad.  ScL,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  rude, 

rustic.] 


BiarFHTUXTB,    Edwards  A  Haime,    1880, 

-  :::    ~i    —   ■     -.'.«      ;  V:-.    '■■    ■■>    ■■...-.- 
;  ■'•'■;  '■■"    '■  -  ]  -■■:'-:  " 
.,:•_:.,,::    •       V ,..  .-.     ;    7."    ■-■  .        -  v,v 
Sur.  DL,  voL  3,  Onondaga  Gr. 
sandy.] 

BLOTuaoPHYLLrM,  BUlings,  1859,  Can.  Jour. 


>- 


■•■■: 

■    -  :      >   :  . 


voL  4, 

phjflmL,  aplant] 
approximatnm,  Xicbolson,  1875,  Can.  Xat 

^  '-•-'     r:.::-.:     >  •-:.     ~-  _•   .,--.-  v. 
imate.] 
csspitosum,  Bominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

decortkatum,  BOtings,  1859,  Can.  Jour., 

voL  4,  Comiferous  Gr.    OHg.  peeled, 

barked.] 
Bolbopoeites,  Billings.  1859,  Can.    Xat  & 

GeoL,  voL  4,      [Ety.  Mfo,    a  bulb; 

pom,  ■  >  jej 
americanus,  BUtings,  1859,  Can.  Xat  A 

Geo.,  voL  4,  Chazy  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

Bcthoguapttjs,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis. 
[Ety.  fattog,  in  the  deep;  grapfo,  to 

laxus,  HaB,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Trenton 
Gr.    [Sig.  loose.] 

!,  GoMfuss,  syn.  for  Favosites. 
,  see  Favosites  basatticus. 
see  Favosites 
Fav 

fiamm,  see  Favosites  favosos. 
jKbnmt.  see  MonticuUpora  fibrosa. 
juried  war.  dmoidea,  see  Favosites  forbesi 


a  pla 
infnndil 


see  Favosites  gothlandicus. 
»,  see  Favosites  heliolitifornus. 
hemkpherka,,  see  Favosites  hemisphericus. 
i»f«nd;b<ilif«rmiK  Goldfass,  as  identified 

by  D'Archiac  &  Yerneofl. 
sMdbnolftt,  Geinitz,  see  Chetetes  mackrothi. 
maxima,  see  Favosites  maximus. 
ftiifiii,  m  b  ChetetM  tuoi  Ina 
wittehtOi,  see  Favosites  winchelli, 
Caijlpobcla,  Billings.  1865,  Can.  Xat  &  Geo., 

2d  ser.,  voL  2,  Mid.  SB.      [Ety-  bah*, 

beautiful;  }«Htatx,  spotted.] 
antkostiensis.  BBlings,  1865,  Can.  Xat.  & 

Geo.,  2d  series,  voL  2,  Mid.  SB.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
canadensis,   Billings.  1865,  Can.   Xat  & 

Geo.,  2d  series,  voL  2,  Black  Riv.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
huronensis,  BBhngs,  1865,  Can.  Xat.  <fc 

Geo.,  2d  series,  voL  2,  Hud  Riv.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Calxocbaptcs,  HaB,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade   2.      [Ety.    ball**,    beautiful; 

grapho,  to  write.] 
(?)  difmtH*,  see  Dendrograptus  diffusus. 
elegans,  HaB,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 2,  Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  elegant] 
salterl  HaB,  1865,  Can.  Oig.  Rem.,  Decade 

..  Qpeibec  Gri    pHy.  |  r::-rr  ■—in  ] 


48 


POLYPI. 


Campophyllum,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1850, 
British  Foss.  Corals.  [Ety.  tempos,  a 
sea  animal ;  phyllon,  a  plant.] 

nanum,  Hall,  1873,  23d  Reg.  Rep.  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Sig.  dwarfish.] 

texanum,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

torquium,  Owen,    1852,  (Cyathophyllum 
torquium)  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Iowa  and 
Minn.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  twisted.] 
Caninia,  Syn.-  for  Zaphrentis. 

bilateralis,  see  Zaphrentis  hilateralis. 
Cannapora,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.   2. 
[Ety.  kanna,  reed;  poros,  pore.] 

junciformis,   Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
2,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  like  rush  stems 
in  form.] 
Catenipora,  Lamarck,  1816,  Anim.  sans.  Vert. 

Syn.  for  Halysites. 
Caunopora,  Phillips,  1841,  Palaeozoic  fossils 
of  Cornwall,  Devon  and  West  Som- 
erset.    [Ety.  kaurws,  loose ;  poros,  per- 
foration.] 

planulata,   Hall,   1873,    23rd    Reg.   Rep., 
Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  flat.] 
Chetetes,  Fisher,  1837,  Oryct.  du  Gouv.  Mos- 
cou.     [Ety.  chaite,  hair.] 

approximatus,  see  Monticulipora  approx- 
imata. 

attritw,  see  Monticulipora  attrita. 

barrandi,  see  Monticulipora  barrandi. 

briarens,  see  Monticulipora  briareus. 

calicula,  see  Monticulipora  calicula. 

carbonarius,Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  pertaining  to 
coal.] 

cincinnatiensis,  see  Monticulipora  cincin- 
natiensis. 

clathratulus,  syn.  for  Cyclopora  jamesi. 

clavacoideus,  see  Monticulipora  clavacoi- 
dea. 

columnaris,  see  Tetradium  columnare. 

consimilis,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep,, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  similar  in  all  parte.] 

cortkans,  syn.  for  Monticulipora  tuber- 
culata. 

dalei,  see  Monticulipora  dalii. 

decipiens,  see  Monticulipora  decipiens. 

delicahdus,  see  Monticulipora  delicatula. 

discoideus,  see  Monticulipora  discoidea. 

fibrosw,  see  Monticulipora  fibrosa. 

fietcheri,  see  Monticulipora  fletcheri. 

frondosas,  see  Monticulipora  frondosa. 

gracilis,  see  Monticulipora  gracilis. 

hamiltonensis,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 
Pen.  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

helderbergise,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep. 
Low.,  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

jamesi,  see  Monticulipora  jamesi. 

lycoperdon,  see  Monticulipora  lycoperdon. 

mackrothi,  Geinitz,  1846,  (Calamopora 
mackrothi)  Grund.,  p.  586,  Permian 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

mammulatus,  see  Monticulipora  mammu- 
lata. 


miJleporaceus,  Troost.     Where? 

microscopica,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 
Pen.  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  mikros, 
small ;  skopeo,  to  view — from  the  small 
branches.] 

moniliformis,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag. 
N.  S.,  vol.  1,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  bead- 
like.] 

muscatinensis,  White  1876,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Devonian.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

newberryi,  see  Monticulipora  newberryi. 

nodulosus,  see  Monticulipora  nodulosa. 

onealli,  see  Monticulipora  onealli. 

ortoni,  see  .Monticulipora  ortoni. 

papillatus,  see  Monticulipora  papillata. 

pavonki,  see  Monticulipora  pavonia. 

petechialis,  see  Monticulipora  petechialis. 

petropolitanm,  Pander.  It  is  not  evident 
that  this  species  is  found  in  America. 

pulclielhis,_  Edwards  &  Haime,  as  identified 
by  Nicholson,  but  I  think  it  is  not 
found  in  this  country. 

quadrangularis,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo. 
Mag.  N.  S.,  vol.  1,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
four  cornered ;   quadrangular.] 

quadratus,  see  Monticulipora  quadrata. 

rhombicus,  Nicholson,  1875,  syn.  for  Mon- 
ticulipora quadrata. 

rugosus,  Hall,  see  Monticulipora  rugosa. 

nujosus,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851.  This 
name  was  preoccupied.  Moreover  it 
is  merely  a  form  of  Monticulipora 
dalii. 

sigittarkrides,  see  Monticulipora  sigillari- 
oidea. 

sphaericus,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep. 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  spherical.] 

subpulchellm,  see  Monticulipora  subpul- 
chella. 

tubercukitus,  see  Monticulipora  tubercu- 
lata. 

tumidus,  Phillips,  1836,  (Calamopora  tum- 
ida)  Geol.  Yorkshire,  Low.  Carboni- 
ferous. [Ety.  tumidus,  swollen.] 
Chonograptus,  Hall,  1873,  Ann.  Mag.  Nat. 
Hist.,  4th  series,  vol.  13.  [Ety.  konos,  a 
twig;  grapho,  to  write.]  This  sub- 
genus is  proposed  to  include  the  two 
species,  Graptolithus  flexilis  and  G. 
rigidus. 
Chonophyllum,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1850, 
Brit.  Foss.  Corals.  [Ety.  konos,  a  cone ; 
phy lion,  a  plant.] 

belli,  Billings,  1865,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.  ] 

ellipticum,  Hall,  1873,  23d  Reg.  Rep. 
Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  in  the  form  of  an 
ellipse.] 

magnificum,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour. 
Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  magnificent.] 

niagarense,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

ponderosum,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  bulky,  heavy.] 
Chonostegites  clappi,  see  Michelinia  clappi. 


POLYPI. 


Cladograptcs,  Geinitz,    1852,    (Cladograp- 

sus)  Verst.  Grauw.  Sachs.,  etc.     [Ety. 

klados,  a  twig ;  grapho,  to  write.  ] 
dissimilaris,   Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol., 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  dissimilar.] 
inequalis,    Emmons,    1856,    Am.    Geol., 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  unequal.] 
Cladopora,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  klados,  a  twig;  poros,  a  pore.] 
alpenensis,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
aspera,    Rominger,    1876,    Foss.    Corals, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 
csespitosa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N,  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  turf-like.] 
canadensis,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
cervicornis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.   shaped    like  the 

horns  of  a  stag.] 
dichotoma,   Hall,   1858,  Geo.  Sur.   Iowa, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  dividing  into  two.] 
expatiata,  Rominger,  1876,   Foss.  Corals, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  spread  out.] 
fibrosa,  Hall,   1852,   Pal.  N.   Y.,   vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  fibrous.] 
imbricata,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  imbricated.] 
labiosa,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  Cornif- 

erous  Gr.     [Sig.  full  lipped.] 
laqueata,    Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  paneled.] 
lichenoidea,   Winchell    &    Marcy,    1865, 

Bost.    Soc.    Nat.    Hist.,    Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  resembling  a  lichen.] 
macrophora,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.   from  the  wide 

meshes.] 
magna,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  great.] 
multipora,  Hall  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  having  many  pores.  ] 
palmata,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  having  five  lobes.] 
pinguis,    Rominger,   1876,    Foss.    Corals, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  plump.] 
prolifica,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  prolific] 
pulchra,   Rominger,   1876,    Foss.    Corals, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
reticulata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  reticulated.] 
rimosa,   Rominger,    1876,    Foss.    Corals, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  fissures.] 
robusta,    Rominger,    1876,    Foss.    Corals, 

Corniferous  &  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  robust.] 
seriata,  Hall,   1852,   Pal.   N.   Y.,   vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.   from  the  regular 

alternating  series  of  openings.] 
turgida,    Rominger,    1876,    Foss.    Corals, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  swollen.] 
verticillata,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  Niagara  Gr.   [Sig.  whorled.] 


Climacograptus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem. 

Decade  2.   [Ety.  klimax,  a  small  ladder ; 

grapho,  to  write.] 
antennarius,  Hall,  1863,  (Graptolithus  an- 

tennarius)  Geo.  of  Can.,  Quebec  Gr. 

[Ety.  from  the  antennse.~\ 
bicornis,  Hall,  1847,  (Graptolithus  bicor- 

nis)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Ety.  having  two  horns.]    This  is  the 

type  of  the  genus, 
parvus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  small.] 
tvpicalis  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade  2,   Hud.   Riv.   Gr.      [Ety.  type 

of  the  genus,  though  the  genus  was 

founded  on  C.  bicornis.] 
Clisiophyllum,  Dana,  1846,  Explor.  Exped., 

vol.  8.     [Ety.  Tdmon,  a  tent ;  from  the 

conical  central  boss;  phyllon,  a  plant.] 
gabbi,  Meek,  1864,  Pal.  California,  Carb. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
oneidsmse,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.  Cor- 
niferous  Gr.       [Ety.    proper   name.] 

This    species    is    placed  in  the  new 

genus    acrophyllum,  by   Thomson  & 

Nicholson. 
Columnaria,  Goldfuss,  1826,  Germ.   Petref. 

[Ety.  Columnarius,  formed  of  columns.] 
alveolata,  Goldfuss,  1826,    Germ.  Petref. 

Black  Riv.  Gr.      [Sig.  hollowed  out.] 
blainvilli,    Billings,    1858,    Can.   Nat.   & 

Geo.,  vol.   3,   Hud.  Riv.   Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
carterensis,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Ety  proper  name.] 
divergens,  Troost,   1840,  5th  Geo.   Rep. 

Tenn.,  Devonian.    [Sig.  divergent.] 
erratica,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.   straying  abroad.] 
goldfussi,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  3,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
herzeri,  svn.  for  Favistella  stellata. 
incerta,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  uncertain.] 
inequalis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Coralline  limestone.     [Sig.  unequal.] 
intermedia,  Eaton,  1832,  Geo.  Text  Book, 

(?)  Gr.     [Sig.  intermediate.] 
parva,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 
rigida,   Billings,  1858,  Can.  Nat.  <k  Geo., 

vol.  3,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  rigid.] 
troosti,    Castelnau,    1843,  syn.    for  Lons- 

daleia  papillata. 
Columnopora,  Nicholson,  1874,  London  Geo. 

Mag.,  N.  S.,  vol.  1.     [Ety.   columna,  a 

column  ;  pora,  a  pore.] 
cribriformis,  Nicholson,  1874,  London  Geo. 

Mag.,  vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  having 

the  form  of  a  seive.] 
huronica,   Rominger,   1876,  (Houghtonia 

huronica)    Foss.    Corals,    Hud.     Riv. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Combophyllum,   Edwards  &    Haime,    1858- 

[Ety.  kombos,  a  strip  of  cloth  ;  phyllorn 

a  plant.] 


BO 


POLYPI. 


multiradiatum,   Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi. 

Acad.    Sci.,   Devonian.      [Sig.   many 

rayed.] 
Conophyllum,  Hall,  1852.      Syn.  for  Chono- 

phyllum. 
niagarense,  see  Chonophyllum  Niagarense. 
Constellaria:  Dana,  1848,  Zoophytes,  syn.   for 

Stellipora. 
comtellata,  syn.  for  Stellipora  antheloidea. 
polystomella,  Nicholson,  syn.  for  Stellipora 

antheloidea. 
Cyathaxonia,  Michelin,  1846,  Icon.  Zooph. 

[Ety.  kuathm,  a  cup ;  axones,   a  tablet 

made  to  turn  on  its  axis.] 
distorta,Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol. 

6,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  distorted.] 
prolifera,  see   Lophophyllum   proliferum. 
Cyathophyllum,     Goldfuss,     1826,     Petref. 

Germ.     [Ety.  kuathus,  a  cup ;  phyllon, 

a  plant.] 
arcticum,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad. 

Sci.,  Devonian.     [Sig.  from  the  arctic 

regions  of  the  north.] 
anticostiense,   Billings,   1862,   Pal.  Foss., 

vol.  1,  Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
billingsi,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.  Low. 

Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
caespitosum,   (?)   Goldfuss,   1826,   Petref. 

Germ.,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  turfy.] 
calyculare,   Owen,    1840,   Rep.    on  Mm. 

Lands,  Devonian.     [Sig.  like  a  flower 

bud.] 
ceratites,  as  identified  by  D'Archiac  &  Ver- 

neuil.     Not  American, 
coalitum,   Rominger,    1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Corniferous  Gr.   [Sig.  grown  together.] 
corinthium,  Owen,  1840,   Rep.   on  Min. 

Lands,  Devonian.     [Ety.  from  resem- 
blance to  a  Corinthian  column.] 
cristatum,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  tufted,  crested.] 
dianthus,  (?)  Goldfuss,  1826,  Germ.  Petref., 

Onondaga    Gr.     [Sig.    the    flower  of 

Jove.] 
eriphele,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
euryone,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
excentricum,  as  identified  by  D'Archiac  & 

Verneuil.    Not  American. 
flexuosum,  (?)  Owen,  syn.  for  Campophyl- 

lum  torquium. 
geniculatum,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  knotted,  geniculated.] 
gigas,  Yandell  &  Shumard,  1847,  Co/itrib. 

to  Geol.  Ky.,  Devonian.     [Sig.  large.] 
•    gracile,  Troost,  1840,  5th  Geo.  Rep.  Tenn. 

Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  slender.] 
helianthoides,    Goldfuss,    1826,     Germ. 

Petref.,  Devonian.    [Sig.  rayed  like  the 

sunflower.]      See  Heliophyllum  halli. 
houghtoni,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Devonian.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
interruptum,   Billings,   1862,    Pal.   Foss., 

vol.  1,  Mid.  Sil.     [Sig.  interrupted.] 
uvenis,   Rominger,    1876,    Foss.   Corals, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  young.] 


lesueuri,    Hall,    1859,    figured     without 

specific  name  in  1843,  4th    Dist.    Rep. 

N.  Y.,   Onondaga  Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
nymphale,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  a  fountain.] 
panicum,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen. 

Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  panic,  or  strag- 

ling  appearance.] 
partitum,    Winchell,    1866,     Rep.    Low. 

Pen.  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  from  the 

vertical     partitions    in    the    internal 

cavitv.] 
pasithea",  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Mid.  Sil.    [Ety.  mythological   name.] 
pelagicum,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Mid.   Sil.     [Sig.   belonging    to    the 

deep  sea.] 
pennanti,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
profundum,  Conrad,  see  Streptelasma  pro- 
funda. 
quadrigeminum ,  as  identified  by  d'Archiac 

&  Verneuil.    Not  American, 
radicula,   Rominger,    1876,  Foss.   Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  root.] 
rugosum,  Edwards  &  Haime,   1851,   Pal. 

Foss.  des  Terr  Palaeoz.,  Corniferous 

Gr.     [Sig.  wrinkled.] 
scyphus,    Rominger,  1876,   Foss.   Corals, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  cup.] 
shumardi,  see  Amplexus  shumardi. 
solitarium,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Clinton  &   Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

alone.] 
torquium,  see  Campophyllum  torquium. 
turbinatnm,  of  the  N.  Y.  Rep's,  see  Helio- 
phyllum halli. 
undulatum    et    multiplicatum,  Owen,  1840, 

Rep.  on  Min.  lands,  Devonian.     [Sig. 

many  waved  lines.] 
vanuxemi,    Hall,    1859,   figured    without 

specific  name  in  1843,  4th  Dist.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Ham.Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
vermiculare,    (?)  Owen,    syn.    for  Campo- 

phvllum  torquium. 
wahlehbergi,   Billings,   1862,   Pal.   Foss., 

vol.  1,  Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Cyathopora  iowensh,  see  Striatopora  iowensis. 

There  is  no  genus  Cyathopora,  and  if 

Dr.  Owen  did  not  intend  to  refer  his 

species  to  Cyathophora,  then  he  failed 

to  establish  a  genus  by  neglecting  to 

define  it. 
Cyclolites,    Lamarck,    1801,    Syst.     Anim. 

sans.    Verteb.     [Ety.   kuklos,  a  circle ; 

lUhos,  a  stone.] 
rotuloides,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton    Gr.       [Ety.     rotula,   a  little 

wheel;   eidos,  a  form.] 
Cystiphyllum,  Lonsdale,  1839,  Murch.   Sil. 

Syst.     [Ety.  kustis,  a  vesicle  or  small 

cavity ;  phyllon,  a  plant.  ] 
aggregatum,   Billings,    1859,    Can.    Jour. 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  aggregated.] 
americanum,   Edwards    &  Haime,   1851, 

Monogr.  Pal.  Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 


POLYPI. 


Bl 


americanum  var.  arcticum,  Meek,  1868, 
Trans.  Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Ety.  from  the  arctic  or  northern  re- 
gion.] 

cylindrkum,  (not  Lonsdale)  see  Cystiphyl- 
lum  americanum. 

fruticosum,  Nicholson,  1875,  Geo.  Mag., 
vol.  2,  N.  S.,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig. 
full  of  stems.] 

grande,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  Cor- 
niferous Gr.     [Sig.  large.] 

huronense,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

maritima,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Mid.  Sil.     [Sig.  of  the  sea.] 
mundulum,   Hall,   1873,   23d   Reg.  Rep., 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  fine,  neat.] 
ohioense,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
senecaense,    Billings,    1859,   Can.   Jour., 

Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

squamosum,  Nicholson,  1875,  Geo.  Mag. 
N.  S.,  vol.  2,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig. 
rough  or  scaley.] 

sulcatum,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.4,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  furrowed.] 

supermini,  Nicholson,  1875,  Geo.  Mag., 
vol.  2,  N.  S.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  stately, 
nice.] 

vesiculosum,  Goldfuss,  1826,  Petref.  Germ. 
Devonian.  [Sig.  full  of  vesicles.] 
Dawsonia,  Nicholson,  1873,  Ann.  Mag.  Nat. 
Hist.  4th  ser.,  vol,  12.  [Ety.  proper 
name.]  Supposed  to  be  the  ovarian 
vesicles  of  Graptolites. 

acuminata,  Nicholson,  1873,  Ann.  Mag. 
Nat.  Hist.,  4th  ser.,  vol.  12,  Quebec 
Gr.     [Sig.  pointed.] 

campanulata,  Nicholson,  1873,  Ann.  Mag. 
Nat.  Hist.,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  bell- 
shaped.] 

rotunda,  Nicholson,  1873,  Ann.  Mag.  Nat. 
Hist.,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  round.] 

tenuistriata,  Nicholson,  1873,  Ann.  Mag. 
Nat.  Hist,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  finely 
striated.] 
Dendrograptus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  2.  [Ety.  dendron,  a  tree ;  grapho, 
to  write.] 

diffusus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  2,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  diffused, 
hanging  loose.] 

divergens,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  2,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  divergo, 
to  extend  from  a  point  in  different 
directions.] 

erectus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 2,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  standing  up- 
right.] 

flexuosus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  2,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  crooked.] 

fruticosus.  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  2,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  full  of 
shoots  or  stems.] 

gracilis,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 2.  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 


hallianus,  Prout,  1851,  (Graptolithus  hal- 
lianus)  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  2d  ser.,  vol.  11, 
Potsdam  sandstone.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

striatus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 2,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  striated.] 
Dendropora,  Michelin,  1846,  Icon.   Zooph. 
[Ety.  dendron,  a  tree ;  pora,  a  pore.] 

alternans,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  alternately.] 

neglecta,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  overlooked.] 

ornata,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.Corals,  Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  ornamented.] 

proboscidialis,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss. 
Corals,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  having  a  pro- 
boscis.] 

reticulata,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  reticulated.] 
Dichograptus,  syn.  for  Graptolithus. 
Dicranograptus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem. 
Decade  2.  [Ety.  dikranos,  two  pointed; 
grapho,  to  write.] 

divaricatus,  Hall,  1859,  (Graptolithus  di- 
varicatus)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  wide  apart.] 

furcatus,  Hall,  1847,  (Graptolithus  fur- 
catus)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv. 
Gr.     [Sig.  forked.] 

ramosus,  Hall,  1847,  (Graptolithus  ra- 
mosus)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv. 
Gr.     [Sig.  branching.] 

sextans,  Hall,  1847,  (Graptolithus  sex- 
tans) Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Ety.  sextans,  a  sixth  part ;  probably 
named  from  the  regular  diverging 
bifurcations  at  an  angle  of  sixty  de- 
grees.] 
Dictyonema,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 
[Ety.  dictyon,  a  net;  nema,  a  thread.] 

cadens,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 2,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  drooping.] 

fenestrata,  Hall,  1868,  20th  Reg.  Rep., 
Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  having  openings.] 

gracilis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 

grandis,  Nicholson,  1873,  Ann.  Mag.  Nat. 
Hist,  4th  ser.,  vol.  12,  Quebec  Gr. 
[Sig.  grand.] 

hamiltonise,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  2,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

irregularis,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  2,  Quebec  Gr.   [Sig.  irregular.] 

murrayi,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 2.  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

neenah.Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

quadrangularis,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org. 
Rem.,  Decade  2,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig. 
four  sided.) 

retiformis,  Hall,  1843,  (Gorgonia  reti- 
formis)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  net-formed.] 

robusta,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 2,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  hardy, 
strong.] 


POLYPI. 


splendens,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.  vol. 
2,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  splendid.] 

websteri,    Dawson,    1868,    Acad.     Geol., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Dictyostroma,  Nicholson,  1875,  O.  Pal.,  vol. 
2.    [Ety.  dictyon,  a  net ;  stroma,  a  layer.] 

undulata,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.  vol. 
2,  Niagara  Gr..  [Ety.  from  the  undu- 
lating layers.] 
Didymograptus,  McCoy,  1851,  Pal.  Foss. 
[Ety.  didymos,  twin  or  double;  grapho, 
to  write.] 

caduceus,  Salter,  1853,  (Graptolithus  ca- 
duceus)  Quar.  Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol.  9, 
Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  falling  down,  frail.] 
Diphyphyllum,  Lonsdale,  1845,  Russ.  & 
Ural.  Mts.  [Ety.  diphyia,  a  division; 
phyllon,  a  leaf.] 

archiaci,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  Up. 
Held.  &  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

arundinaceum,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour. 
Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  reed.] 

csespitosum,  Hall,  1852,  (Diplophyllum 
csespitosum)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Sig.  turf -like.] 

coralliferum,  Hall,  1852,  (Diplophyllum 
coralliferum)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Coral- 
line limestone.  [Ety.  coralium,  a  coral; 
fero,  to  bear;  in  allusion  to  the  fact 
that  the  specimens  were  found  en- 
closed in  a  species  of  Stromatopora.] 

gigas,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  great.] 

huronicum,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

rectiseptatum,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss. 
Corals,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  from  the 
straight  septae.J 

stramineum,   Billings,  1859,   Can.  Jour., 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  made  of  straw.] 

Diplogbaptus,  McCoy,  1854,  (Diplograpsus) 

Brit.  Pal.  Rocks.    [Ety.  diploos,  duplex ; 

grapho,  to  write.] 

amplexicaulis,  Hall,  1847,  (Graptolithus 
amplexicaule)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trent. 
Gr.  [Ety.  amplexus,  embracing ;  caulis, 
a  stalk  or  stem. ;  in  allusion  to  the 
triangular  scales  surrounding  the  cen- 
tral stipe.] 

angustifolius,  Hall,  1859,  (Graptolithus 
angustifolius)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  narrow-leaved.] 

ciliatus,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Trent. 
Gr.    [Sig.  fringed.] 

dissimilaris,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol., 
Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  dissimilar.] 

foliaceus,  (?)  Murch,  1839,  (Graptolitesfoli- 
aceus)  Murch,  Sil.  Syst.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  leaf- like.] 

foliosus,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  leaves.] 

folium,  (?)  Hisinger,  1837,  (Prionotus 
folium)  Leth.  Suec,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  leaf  or  thin  plate.] 

inutilis,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  Dec. 
2,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  not  useful.] 

laciniatus,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol., 
Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  pointed,  jagged.] 


marcidus,  Hall,  1859,  (Graptolithus  mar- 
cidus)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Hud.  Riv. 
Gr.  [Sig.  rotten,  flagging,  from  the 
shrunken  stipe.] 

mucronatus,  Hall,  1847,  (Graptolithus 
mucronatus)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  sharp-pointed.] 

obliquus,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  oblique.] 

peosta,  Hall,  1861,  (Graptolithus  peosta) 
Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.  (?)] 

pristiniformis,  Hall,  1858,  (Graptolithus 
pristiniformis)  Rep.  of  Progr.  Can. 
Sur.,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  an  ancient 
form.]  This  species  is  probably  iden- 
tical with  Fucoides  dentata,  Brongiart, 
1828,  Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  vol.  1. 

pristis,  (?)  Hisinger,  1837,  (Prionotus  pris- 
tis)  Leth.  Suec,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
a  saw  fish.] 

putillus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  dwarf.] 

rugosus,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  rugose.] 

rectangularis,  McCoy,  1854,  Brit.  Pal. 
Rocks,  Low.  Sil.     [Sig.  rectangular.] 

secalinus,  Eaton,  1847,  (Fucoides  secali- 
nus)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  resembling  a  small  grain.] 

setaceus,  Emmons,  1856,  (Glossograpsus 
setaceus)  Am.  Geol.,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig. 
hairy.] 

spinulosus,  Hall,  1859,  (Graptolithus  spin- 
ulosus)  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  3,  Hud.  Riv. 
Gr.    [Sig.  full  of  little  spines.] 

whitfieldi,  Hall,  1859,  (Graptolithus  whit- 
fieldi)  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  3,   Hud.   Riv. 
Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Diplophyllum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2, 
syn.  for  Diphyphyllum. 

■caespitosum,  see  Diphyphyllum  caespi- 
tosum. 

coralliferum,   see    Diphyphyllum    coralli- 
ferum. 
Discophyllum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.  vol.  1. 
[Ety.  diskos,  a  disc;  phyllon,  a  leaf.] 

peltatum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  1, 

Hud.  Riv.Gr.  [Sig.  half-moon-shaped.] 

Duncanella,   Nicholson,   1874,   Ann.  Mag. 

Nat.   Hist,  4th  ser.,   vol.  13.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 

borealis,  Nicholson,  1874,  Ann.  Mag.  Nat. 
Hist,  4th  ser.,  vol.  13,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  belonging  to  northern  latitudes.] 
Emmonsia,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mono- 
graphic des  Polyp.,  Foss.  des  Terr. 
Palaeoz.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

hemispherica,  Troost,  1840,  (Calamopora 
hemispherica)  5th  Geo.  Rep.  Tenn., 
Corniferous  Gr.    (Sig.  hemispherical.] 

Jiemispherica,  Yandell  &  Shumard,  1847, 
(Favosites  hemispherica)  Contrib.  to 
Geol.  of  Ky.,  Corniferous  Gr.  This 
species  was  first  described  by  Troost, 
who  gave  the  Falls  of  the  Ohio  as  one 
of  its  localities. 


POLYPI. 


5:; 


Eridophyllum,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1850,  Brit. 

Fobs.  Corals.     [Ety.  erldos,  in  dispute; 

phyllon,  a  plant.] 
rugosum,  Edwards  &  Haime,   1851,  Pol. 

Foss.  des  Terr.  Pal.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

wrinkled.] 
simcoense,  Billings,  1S59,  Can.  Jour.,  new 

ser.,  vol.  4.,  Clinton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
strictum,  Edwards  &  Haime,   1851,   Pol. 

Foss.  des  Terr.  Pal.,  Corniferous  Gr. 

[Sig.  gathered,  narrow.] 
vennori,  Billings,  1865,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

2d  ser.,   vol.   2,    Clinton    Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
verneuilianum,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851, 

Pol.  Foss.  des  Terr.  Pal.,  Corniferous 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.  ] 
Ethmophylmjm,  Meek,  1868,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

&  Arts,  2d  ser.,  vol.  45.     [Ety.  elhrnon, 

aseive;  phyllon,  a  plant.] 
gracile,  Meek,  1868,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts, 

2d  ser.,  vol.  45,  Up.  Sil.    [Sig.  slender.] 
whitneyi,  Meek,  1868,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  & 

Arts,  2d  ser.,  vol.  45,  Up.  Sil.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Faviphyllum,  as  used  by  Hall,  1852,  Stans. 

Exped.   to  Great    Salt  Lake.       [Ety. 

favus,  honey-comb;  phyllon,  a   plant.] 
rugosum,  Hall,  1852,  Stansbury's  Exped. 

to  Great  Salt  Lake,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

wrinkled.] 
Favisteli.a,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  X.  Y.,   vol.    1. 

[Etv.  favus,  honey-comb ;  Stella,  a  star.] 
favosidea,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.       [Sig.  honey-comb-like.] 
stellata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.   X.  Y,   Hudson 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  starred.] 
Favosites,   Lamarck,  1812,  Cours.  de   Zool. 

du   Mus.  d'Hist.    Nat.       [Ety.  fams, 

honey-comb.] 
alpenensis,   Winchell,   1866,   Rep.    Low. 

Pen.  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
alveolaris,    DeBlainville,    1834,   Man.   d' 

Actinol.,  as  identified  by  Hall,  in  1843, 

Onondaga  Gr.    [Sig.  full  of  cells.] 
asper,  D'Orbigny,   1849,   Prodr.   de   Pal- 

aeont.,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 
basal  ticus,  Gold  fuss,  1826,  Germ.  Petref., 

(Calamopora  basaltica)  Devonian. 

[Sig.  basaltic] 
billingsi,  Rominger,   1876,   Foss.    Corals, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
capax,    Billings,    1866,   Catal.   Sil.    Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  large.] 
cervicornis,  DeBlainville,  as  identified  by 

Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  vol.  4,  De- 
vonian.    [Sig.  deer-horned.] 
clausus,    Rominger,    1876,   Foss.    Corals, 

Devonian.     [Sig.  closed  up.] 
conicus,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  cone-shaped.] 
constrictus,  Hall,  1852,  (Astrocerium  con- 

strictum)    Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  constricted.] 


cristatus,  Edwards  &  Haime.   1851,  Pol. 

Foss.  Terr.  Palaeoz.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig. 

peaked.] 
cumberlandicus,   Troost,    1840,  (Calamo- 
pora cumberlandica)   5th   Geo.    Rep. 

Tenn.,    Low.    Carb.        [Ety.    proper 

.name.] 
digitatus,  Rominger,  1876,   Foss.   Corals. 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  fingered.] 
dubius,  Blainville,  1839,(Alveolites  dubia) 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 
dumosus,    Winchell,    1866,     Rep.     Low. 

Pen.  Mich.,    Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.   bushy. 

clustered.] 
emmonsi,   Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Ety.   proper  name.] 
epidermatus,  Rominger,  1862,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.   &  Arts,   Corniferous  Gr.      [Sig. 

covered  with  a  crust  or  skin.] 
excretus,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  separated.] 
favosus,   Goldfuss,   1826,   Germ.    Petref., 

(Calamopora  favosa)  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig. 

honey-combed.] 
forbesi,   Edwards  &  Haime,    1854,   Brit. 

Foss.  Corals,  Niagara  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
forbesi,  var.  discoideus,  Roemer,  1860,  (Cal- 
amopora forbesi,  var.  discoidea)    Sil. 

Fauna   W.  Tenn.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig. 

like  a  dish.] 
goldfussi,     D'Orbigny,     1850,    Prodr.   de 

Palaeont,    Devonian.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
gothlandicus,   Lamarck,   1816,    Hist.  An. 

sans.   Vert.,  Up.   Sil.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
hamiltonensis,     Rominger,     1876,    Foss. 

Corals,  Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
helderbergise,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep. 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
heliolitiformis,  Rominger,  1862,  (Calamo- 
pora heliolitiformis)  Am.   Jour.   Sci., 

vol.  34,  2nd  series,    Devonian.     [Sig. 

from  its  resemblance  to  Heliolites.~\ 
hemisphericw,  see  Emmonsia    hemis- 

ph  erica, 
hisingeri,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Pal. 

Foss.  des  Terr.  Palaeoz.,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
hispidus,   Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  bristly.] 
infundibuliformis,  as  identified  by  d'Arch- 

iac  &  Vefneuil.    Not  America, 
ihtertextus,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 
'    Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  interlaced.] 
invaginatus,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Corniferous  Gr.    [Sig.  sheathed, 

en  wrapped.  J 
limitaris,  Rominger,  1876,   Foss.    Corals, 

Corniferous  Gr.      [Sig.  on  the  border, 

from  its  resemblance  to  CladoporaA 
lycoperdon,  see  Monticulipora  lycoperdon. 
man  us,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Kinderhook  Gr.    [Sig.  the  hand.] 
maximus,  Troost,  1S40,  (Calamopora  max- 
ima) 5th  Geo.  Rep.  Tenn.,  Devonian. 

[Sig.  largest.] 


54 


POLYPI. 


minimus,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  smallest.] 
niagarensis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  X.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
niagarensis,  var.   spinigerus,  Hall,    1870, 

28th    Reg.    Rep.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

spiny.] 
nitellus,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen. 

Mich.,   Ham.   Gr.     [Sig.   delicate, 

smooth.] 
obliquus,    Rominger,  1876,  Foss.   Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  oblique.] 
parasiticus,  Hall,  1852,  (Astrocerium  par- 

asiticum)   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  parasitic]     This  name  was 

preoccupied  by  Phillips  in  his  Geol. 

of  Yorkshire, 
placenta,    Rominger,    1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  cake.] 
pleurodictyloides,   Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio 

Pal.,   vol.  2,   Corniferous    Gr.       [Sig. 

resembling  Pleurodictyum.~\ 
polymorphs,     Goldfuss,     1826,     Germ. 

Petrel,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  having 

many-forms.] 
prolificus,    Billings,  1865,    Can.    Nat,    & 

Geol.,  2d  series,  vol.  2,  Mid.  Sil.     [Sig. 

abundant.] 
pyriformis,  Hall,  1852,  (Astrocerium  pyri- 

forme)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  pear-shaped.] 
radiatus,    Rominger,   1876,    Foss.  Corals, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  radiated.] 
radiciformis,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Devonian.    [Sig.  root-like.] 
reticulatus,  DeBlainville,  1830,  (Alveolites 

reticulata)  Diet.,  vol.  60,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  reticulated.] 
spongilla,  Rominger,  1876,   Foss.   Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  sponge.] 
striatus,  Say,  1818,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  1, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  striated.] 
tuberosus,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Corniferous  Gr.      [Sig.    composed  of 

tubes.] 
turbinates,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  vol. 

4,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  top-shaped.] 
venustus,  Hall,  1852,  (Astrocerium  venus- 

tum)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  elegant,] 
whitfieldi,  White,  1874,  Rep.  Invert.  Foss., 

Low.  Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
winchelli,  Rominger,   1862,  (Calamopora 

winchelli)  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  34,  2d 

ser.,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Filicifes  gracilis,   Shumard,     see    Plumalina 

gracilis. 
Fistuupora,    McCoy,    1849,   Ann.   &  Mag. 

Nat.  Hist,,  2d  ser.,  vol.  3.    [Ety.  fistula, 

a  pipe ;  pora,  a  pore.] 
acervulosa,  Rominger,  1866,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  many  clus- 
tered together.] 
canadensis,   Billings,  1859,  Can.    Nat.   & 

Geo.,  vol.  4,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 


compressa,  Rominger,  1866,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig.  com- 
pressed.] 

crnssa,  Rominger,  1866,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  thick.] 

elegans,  Rominger,  1866,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 

eriensis,  Rominger,  18(56,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

flabellum,  Rominger,  1866,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  fan-like.] 

halli,  Rominger,  1866,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

helios,  Rominger,  1866,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  the  sun.] 

labiosa,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen. 
Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  full-lipped.] 

lunata,  Rominger,  1860,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  crescent- 
shaped.] 

minuta,  Rominger,  1866,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.] 

neglecta,  Rominger,  1866,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  overlooked.] 

nodulifera,  Meek,  1872,  Pal.  E.  Neb.,  Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.  bearing  knots.] 

occidens,  Hall,  1873,  23d  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Sig.  western.] 

peculiaris,  Rominger,  1866,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  peculiar.] 

safi'ordi,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen. 
Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

spergenensis,  Rominger,  1860,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

spinulifera,  Rominger,  1800,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  spine- 
bearing.] 

stellifera,  Rominger,  1800,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat,  Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  star-bearing.] 

sulcata,  Rominger,  1800,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  furrowed.] 

trifolia,  Rominger,  1800,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  three-leaved.] 

utriculus,  Rominger,  1800,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  a  little  bag.] 
Gbssograptus,  Emmons,  (Glossograpsus)  1850, 
Am.  Geol.,  pt.  2.  Prof.  Hall  uses  the 
termination  graptus,  instead  of  grapms, 
because  the  latter  termination  is  used 
in  the  nomenclature  of  Crustacea.  This 
genus  is  a  synonym  for  Diplograptus. 

cilialus,  Emmons,  1850,  Am.  Geol.  This 
name  will  be  found  preoccupied  by 
Emmons,  under  the  genus  Diplograptus. 

setaceus,  Emmons,    1850,  Am.  Geol.     See 
Diplograptus  setaceus. 
Graptolithus,  Linnaeus,  1730,  Syst.  Naturse. 
[Ety.  graplio,  to  write;   lilhos,   stone.] 

abnormis,  Hall,  1858,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Can. 
Sur.,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  abnormal.] 

alatus,Hall,  1858,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Can.  Sur., 
Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  winged.] 

amplexkaule,  see  Diplograptus  amplexi- 
caulis. 

angustifolius,  see  Diplograptus  angusti- 
folius. 


POLYPI. 


56 


antennarius,  see  Climacograptus  anten- 
narius. 

arcuatus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  2,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  bent,  bow- 
shaped.] 

bdmoutemi*,  White,  conditional  name. 

bicornu,  see  Climacograptus  bicornis. 

bifidus,  Hall,  18  8,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol. 
3,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  bis,  twice;  fidi, 
to  split.] 

bigsbyi, Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  Decade 

2,  Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
bryonoides,  Hall,  1858,Rep.  of  Progr.Can. 

Sur.,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  like  moss.] 
Same  species  called  Fucoides  serra, 
Brongiart,  1828,Yeg.  Foss.,  vol.  1.  See 
Tetragraptus  bryonoides. 

caduceus,  see  Didvmograptus  caduceus. 

clintonensis,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.,  4th 
Dist.  N.  Y,  Clinton  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

constrictus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  2,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  con- 
stricted.] 

crucifer,  Hall,  1858,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Can. 
Sur.,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  the  cross- 
bearer.] 

dentatus,  Emmons,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Utica  slate.  [Sig.  toothed.]  This  may 
be  Fucoides  dentatus  of  Brongiart. 

denticulatus,  Hall,  1858,  Rep.  of  Progr. 
Can.  Sur.,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  small- 
toothed.] 

divaricatus,    Hall,    1859,  Pal.  X.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  wide  apart,] 
See  Dicranograptus  divaricatus. 

divergens,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  X.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  to  extend  from  a 

point  in  different  directions.] 
ensiformis,  see  Retiolites  ensiformis. 
extensus,  Hall,  1858,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Can. 

Sur.,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  extended.] 
extenuatus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.   Org.    Rem. 

Decade  2,  Quebec  Gr.   -  [Sig.  thinned 

away.] 
flaccidus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.  De- 
cade 2,  Utica  shales.     [Sig.  withered.] 
flexilis,  Hall,  1858,   Rep.  of  Progr.   Can. 

Sur.,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  pliant,  flexible.] 

See  Chonograptus  flexilis. 
foliacrus,  see  Diplograptus  foliaceus. 
folium,  (?)  see  Diplograptus  folium, 
fruticosus,    Hall,    1858,    Rep.    of    Progr., 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  bushv.] 
furcatus,   Hall,   1847,   Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Hud.  Riv.   Gr.     [Sig.   forked.]       See 

Dicranograptus  furcatus. 
gracilis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.    Y.,  vol.    1, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 
halliartus,  see  Dendrograptus  hallianus. 
headi,   Hall,   1858,   Rep.   of   Progr.   Sur. 

Can.,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hypniformis,     see     Diplograptus     hypni- 

formis. 
indentus,  Hall,  1858,  Rep.  of  Prog.  Can. 

Sur.,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  indented.] 
lpevis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud. 

Kiv,  Gr,     [Sig,  smooth,] 


logani,  Hall,  1858,   Rep.   of  Progr.    Can. 

Sur., Quebec  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
marcidus,  see  Diplograptus  marcidus. 
milesi,   Hall,  1861,   Geo.   Rep.  Vermont, 

Quebec  Gr,     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
mucronatus,  see  Diplograptus  mucronatus. 
multifasciatus,  Hall,  1865,  Decade  2,  Can. 

Org.  Rem.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  many 

swathed  or  banded.] 
nitidus,  Hall,   1858,  Rep.   of  Progr.  Can. 

Sur.,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  neat.] 
octobrachiatus,  Hall,  1858,  Rep.  of  Progr. 

Can.  Sur.,  Quebec  Gr.      [Sig.   having 

eight  arms.] 
octonarius,   Hall,    1858,   Rep.    of    Progr. 

Can.  Sur.,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  belonging 

to  the  number  eight.] 
patulus,   Hall,  1858,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Can. 

Sur.,  Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  spread  out.] 
pennatulus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  2,  Quebec  Gr.      [Sig.   having 

small  wings.] 
peosta,  see  Diplograptus  peosta. 
pristw,  see  Diplograptus  pristis. 
putiUus,  see  Diplograptus  putillus. 
pristiniformis,    see  Diplograptus  pristini- 

formis. 
quadribrachiatus,    Hall,    1858,    Rep.    of 

Progr.  Sur.  Can.,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig. 

having  four  arms.]      See   Tetragraplus 

quadribrachiatus.'] 
quadrimucronatus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org. 

Rem.,   Decade  2,  Utica  shales\    [Sig. 

having  four  sharp  points  or  spines.] 
ramosus,  see  Dicranograptus  ramosus. 
ramulus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.  De- 
cade 2,   Quebec    Gr.      [Sig.   a   little 

branch.] 
ramulus,  White,  1874,   Rep.   Invertebrate 

Foss.,  Trenton  Gr.    This  name  was 

preoccupied  by  Hall  in  1865. 
richardsoni,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  2,  Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
rigidus,  see  Chonograptus  rigidus. 
scalaris,  Linna?us  as  identified  by  Van- 

uxem,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist.N.  Y., 

Utica  slate.    [Sig.  a  ladder.] 
secalinus,  see  Diplograptus  secalinus. 
serratulus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  small  saw.] 
Sagittarius,    Hisinger,    1837,     (Prionotus 

Sagittarius)    Leth.  Suec.  Supp.,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  an  archer.] 
textems,  see  Dicranograptus  sextans.] 
similis,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade   2,   Quebec    Gr.       [Sig.    like   in 

aspect.] 
spinulosus,  see  Diplograptus  spinulosus. 
tentaculatm,  see  Retiograptus  tentaculatus. 
tenuis,  (?)  Portlock,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  Lon- 
donderry, Hud.  Riv.Gr.   [Sig.  slender.] 
(enutr,  Hall.    This  name  was  preoccupied 

by  Portlock,  in  1843. 
venosus,  see  Retiolites  venosus. 
whitfieldi,  see  Diplograptus  whitfieldi, 


56 


POLYPI. 


Hadrophyllum,  Edwards  &  Haime,   1850, 

Brit.    Foss.     Corals.        [Ety.    hadros, 

mighty ;  phyllon,  a  plant.] 
orbignyi,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1850,  Brit. 

Foss.  Corals,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Haimeophyllum,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour., 

vol.  4.     [Ety.  proper  name ;  phyllon,  a 

plant] 
ordinatum,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  vol. 

4,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  well-arranged.] 
Halysites,  Fischer,  1813,  Zoognosia,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  halysion,  a  small  chain  or  neck- 
lace.] 
agglomeratus,  Hall,  1843,  (Catenipora  ag- 

glomerata)  Geo.  Rep.,  4th  Dist.  N.  Y., 

Niagara   Gr.    [Sig.   to  gather  into  a 

mass.] 
catenulatus,   Linnaeus,  1767,    Syst.   Nat., 

Niagara   Gr.     [Ety.  catena,  a  chain ; 

latus,  wide.] 
compactus,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.     Syn.  for  H.  agglomerata. 
escharoides,    Lamarck,    1816,    Hist,    des 

Anim.  sans.  Vert.,  Niagara  Gr.       [Sig. 

grate-shaped.] 
gracilis,  Hall,  1851,  Geo.  Lake  Sup.  Land 

Dist.,  vol.    2,   Hud.    Riv.   Gr.     [Sig. 

slender.] 
meandrina,  Troost,  1840,(Cateniporamean- 

drina)  5th  Geo.  Rep.  Tenn.,  Niagara 

Gr.    The  definition  is  too  meagre  for 

identification. 
Heliolites,  Dana,  1846,  Zooph.     [Ety.  helios, 

sun ;  lithos,  stone.] 
affinis,  Billings,  1865,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  &  Mid.  Sil. 

[Sig.  contiguous.] 
elegans,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.   Y.,  vol.   2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
exiguus,  Billings,  1865,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Mid.  Sil.     [Sig.  little.] 
interstinctus,    Linne,    1767,    (Madrepora 

interstincta)    Syst.  Nat.,  Niagara   Gr. 

[Sig.  divided.] 
macrostylus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2,   Niagara  Gr.      [Ety.  makros,   long; 

stylos,  a  column.] 
megastoma,  McCoy,  1851,  Brit.  Pal.  Foss., 

Niagara  Gr.    [Ety.  megas,  great ;  stoma, 

mouth.] 
pyriformis,  Guett.,1770,  Mem.  3,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  pear-shaped.] 
sparsus.  Billings,  1865,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Mid.  Sil.   [Sig. scattered.] 
speciosus,  Billings,  1865,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Mid.  Sil.  [Sig.  beautiful.] 
spinoporus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  spina,  a  spine ;  porus, 

a  pore.]    In  allusion  to  the  spiniform 

rays  in  the  interior  of  the  tubes, 
subtubulatus,    McCoy,   as  identified   by 

Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  like  H.  tubulatus.] 
tenuis,   Billings,  1865,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Mid.  Sil.    [Sig.  slender.] 


Heliophyllum,  Hall,  1846,  in   Dana  Zooph. 

[Ety.  helios,  the  sun ;  phyllon,  a  plant.] 
colbornense,  Nicholson,  1875,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geol.,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
colligatum,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  collected  together.] 
exiguum,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  Cor- 
niferous Gr.     [Sig.  little.] 
eriense,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  vol.  4, 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
halli,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1850,  Brit.  Foss. 

Corals.  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
canadense,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  vol. 

4,    Corniferous    Gr.        [Ety.     proper 

name.] 
cayugaense,   Billings,   1859,   Can.    Jour., 

vol.  4,  Corniferous  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name], 
prolificum,  Nicholson,  1874,  Rep.  Pal.  Ont. 

Can.,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  prolific] 
sub-csespitosum,    Nicholson,    1874,   Geo. 

Mag.  Lond.  N.  S.,  vol.  1,  Ham.    Gr. 

[Sig.  somewhat  like  Cyathophyllum  cses- 

pitosum.'] 
tenuiseptum,  Billings,  1859,  Can.   Jour., 

Ham.    Gr.        [Ety.     having    slender 

septa?.] 
Heterophrentjs,  Billings,  1875,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geol.     [Ety.  heteros,  irregular;  phren, 

the  midriff  or  the  lamella.] 
compta,  Billings,  1875,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
excellens,   Billings,   1875,    Can.    Nat.    & 

Geol.,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  excellent.] 
prolifica,  Billings,  1875,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  prolific] 
spatiosa,  Billings,  1859,  (Zaphrentis  spati- 

osa)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol.,  vol.. 4,  Onon- 
daga &  Corniferous  Gr.      [Sig.   large.] 
Houghtonia,  syn.  for  Columnopora. 

huronica,  see  Columnopora  huronica. 
Inocaulis,   Hall,   1852,    Pal.   N.  Y.,   vol.  2. 

[Ety.  inos,  small  sprouts,  like  the  roots 

of  herbs  ;  kaulos,  the  stock  or  stem.] 
bella,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
plumulosa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  feathers.] 
Lamellopoka,  Owen,  1840,  Rep.  on  Mineral 

lands.     [Ety.  lamella,   a    small  plate; 

poros,  a  perforation.]     This  genus  is  a 

synonym    for  Stromatopora,    or    very 

closely  related  to  it.] 
infundibularia,  Owen,  1840,  Rep.  on  Min- 
eral lands,  Devonian.      [Sig.   funnel- 
shaped.] 
Leptopora,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.    [Ety.  leptos,  shallow;  pora,  a  cell.] 
typa,  Winchell,   1863,   Proc.    Acad.    Nat. 

Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.  the  type  of 

the  genus.] 
Limaria,  Steininger,  1833,    Bui.    Soc   Geol. 

France.     [Ety.  Limarius,  belonging  to 

slime.] 
crassa,    Rominger,    1876,     Foss.    Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  thick.] 


POLYPI. 


57 


falcata,  Prout,  1859,  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad. 

Sci.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.sickle-shaped.] 

fruticosa,  Steininger,  1833,  Bui.  Soc.  Geol. 

France,    Niagara    Gr.       [Sig.    full  of 

shoots  or  stems.] 

laminata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.    2, 

Niagara,  Gr.     [Sig.  laminated.] 
ramulosa,   Hall,   1852,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara    Gr.        [Sig.    full    of    little 
branches.] 
Linipora  rotunda,  one  of  Troost's  names. 
Lithostrotiox,    Lhwyd,     1699,     Lithophyl. 
Britann.  Ichnographia.      [Ety.   Mhos, 
stone;  strotion,  little  rafter.] 
basaUiforme,  Conybeare  &  Phillips,  1822, 
as  identified  by  Owen,  1852,  see  Lithos- 
trotion  canadense. 
californiense,  Meek,  1864,  Pal.  California, 

Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
canadense,     Castelnau,    1843,    (Axinura 
canadensis)  Terr.  Sil.  Amerique,  Lower 
Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
mamillare,   Castelnau,  syn.  for  Lithostro- 

tion  canadense. 
pictoense,  Billings,  1868,  Acad. Geol.,  Low. 

Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
proliferum,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa., 
St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  putting  forth  a 
new  shoot.] 
Lonsdaleia,  McCoy,  1849,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat 
Hist.,  2d  ser.,   vol.   3.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
papillata,  Fischer,  1837,  (Cyathophyllum 
papillatum)  Oryct.  de  Moscou.     [Sig. 
covered  with  papilli.] 
Lophophyllum,   Edwards    &    Haime,  1850, 
Brit.    Foss.    Corals.      [Ety.    lophos,  a 
ridge;  phyllon,  a  plant.] 
expansum,  White,  1876,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.    Phil.    Keokuk    Gr.        [Sig.    ex- 
panded.] 
proliferum,  McChesney,  1860,    (Cyathax- 
onia  prolifera)   New.  Pal.  Foss.,  Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.  abundant.] 
Lcnatipora,    Winchell,    1866,    Rep.    Low. 
Peninsula  Mich.     [Ety.  lunatus,  cres- 
cent-formed ;  poros,  a  pore.] 
michiganensis,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 
Peninsula    Mich.,    Ham.  Gr.      [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
Lyellia,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon.  Pol. 
Foss.    Terr.    Palteoz.    [Ety.    proper 
name.] 
americana,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon. 
Pol.   Foss.  Terr.   Palaeoz.,  Corniferous 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
decipiens,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.     (Sig.  deceiving.] 
papillata,    Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara    Gr.        [Sig.     covered    with 
papilli.] 
parvituba,    Rominger,    1876,    Pal.    Foss. 
Corals,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  small-tubed.] 
Madrepora,  Linnaeus,  1748,  Syst.  Nat. 

repens,  Troost,  1840,  5th  Geo.  Rep.  Tenn. 
Not  satisfactorily  defined. 


Megalograptus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cincin'ti 
Quar.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  1.     [Ety.  megale, 
large  ;  grapho,  to  write.] 
welchi,  S.  A.  Miller,   1874,   Cin'ti  Quar. 
Jour.  Sci.,   Cin'ti  Gr.      [Ety.   proper 
name.] 
Michelinia,  De    Koninck,  1842,  Descr.  des 
Anim.     Foss.    Belg.      [Ety.    proper 
name.] 
clappi,  Edwards  &  Haime,  (Chonostegites 
clappi)  Corniferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
convexa,  1850,  D'Orbigny,  Prodr.  de  Palse- 
ont.,  Onondaga    &    Corniferous    Gr. 
[Sig.  convex.] 
cylindrica,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon. 
Pol.    Foss.,    Corniferous    Gr.      [Sig. 
cylindrical.] 
favositoidea,   Billings,    1859,  Can.  Jour., 
vol.    4,    Corniferous  Gr.      [Sig.   like 
Favosites.~\ 
insignis,   Rominger,  1876,    Foss.   Corals, 
Up.  Held.  &  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  remark- 
able.] 
intermittens,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geol.,  vol.  4,  Corniferous  Gr.       [Sig. 
ceasing  for  a  time.] 
lenticularis,  Hall,  1874,   26th   Reg.   Rep. 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  lens-shaped.] 
trochiscus.  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 
Ham.  Gr.       [Sig.  a  small  round  ball.] 
Microcyclus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  3.     [Ety.  mikros,  small ; 
kuklos,  circle.] 
discus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  3,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  quoit.] 
MUlepora,  Linnaeus,  1748,  Syst.  Nat. 

repens,  see  Alveolites  repens. 
Monograptus,  Emmons,  1856,(Monograpsus) 
Am.  Geol.     [Ety.  monos,  one ;  grapho, 
to  write.] 
elegans,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Que- 
bec Gr.    [Sig.  elegant.] 
rectus,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.  Quebec 
Gr.     [Sig.  straight.] 
Monticulipora,  D'Orb.,  1850,  Prodr.  de  Pal- 
seont.,    vol.    1.        [Ety.    monticvlus,    a 
a  hillock ;  poros,  a  pore.] 
approximata,  Nicholson,  1874,  (Chetetes 
approximatus)  Quar.  Jour.  Geol.  Soc, 
vol.  30,  Cin.  Gr.     [Sig.  near  to — from 
its  near  approach  to  M.  dalii.] 
attrita,  Nicholson,  1874,   (Chetetes  attri- 
tus)  Quar.  Jour.   Geol.   Soc.   vol.  30, 
Cint'i  Gr.       I  believe  this  is  not   a 
good  species,  but  Nicholson  says  now 
that  it  should  be  called  Dekayia  attrita. 
barrandi,  Nicholson,  1874,  (Chetetes  bar- 
randii)  Quar.  Jour.  Geol.  Soc,  vol.  30, 
Cin.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
briareus,  Nicholson,  1875,  (Chetetes  bri- 
areus)  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.   2,    Cin'ti    Gr. 
[Ety.  mythological  name.] 
caliculus,  James,  1875,  (Chetetes  calieula) 
Int.  Catal.  Cin.  Foss.,  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Sig. 
a  little  cup".] 


68 


POLYPI. 


cincinnatiensis,  James,  1875,  (Chetetes 
cincinnatiensis)  Int.  Catal.  Cin.  Foss. 
Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

clavicoides,  James,  1875,  (Chetetes  clavi- 
coides)  Int.  Catal.  Cin.  Foss.,  Cin'ti 
Gr.  [Sig.  club-shaped.]  A  vwy  doubt- 
ful species. 

dalii,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  (Chetetes 
dalii)  Pol.  Foss.  des  Terr.  Palseoz., 
Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

decipiens,  Rominger,  1866,  (Chetetes  de 
cipiens)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil. 
Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 

delicatula,  Nicholson,  1874,  (Chetetes 
delicatulus)  Quar.  Jour.  Geol.  Soc, 
vol.  30,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 

discoidea,  Nicholson,  1875,  (Chetetes  dis- 
coideus)  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr. 
[Sig.  disc-like.] 

fibrosa,  G  o  1  d  f  u  s  s ,  1826,  ( Calamopora 
fibrosa)  Germ.  Petref.,  Cin'ti  to  Clinton 
Gr.     [Sig.  fibrous.] 

fletcheri,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  (Che- 
tetes fletcheri)  Pol.  Foss.  des  Terr. 
Paleeoz., Cin'ti  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

frondosa,  D'Orbigny,  1850,  Prodr.  des 
Palseont,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  branchy.] 

gracilis,  Nicholson,  1874,  (Chetetes" gra- 
cilis) Quar.  Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol.  30, 
Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 

jamesi,  Nicholson,  1874,  (Chetetes  jamesi) 
Quar.  Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol.  30,  Cin'ti 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

lvcoperdon,  Sav,  1847,  (Favosites  lycoper- 
don)  Hall,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton 
&  Hudson  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  puff-ball- 
shaped.] 

mammillata,  D'Orbigny,  1850,  Prodr.  de 
Paheont,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig.  covered 
with  nipples — mammillated.] 

monticula,  White,  1876,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Devonian.  [Sig.  small  conical 
projections.] 

newberryi,  Nicholson,  1875,  (Chetetes 
newberryi)  Ohio  Pal.  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

nodulosa,  Nicholson,  1874,  (Chetetes  nodu- 
losa)  Quar.  Jour.  Geol.  Soc,  vol.  30, 
Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig.  covered  with  small 
knots.] 

o'nealli,  James,  1875,  (Chetetes  o'nealli) 
Int.  Catal.  Cin.  Foss.,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

ortoni,  Nicholson,  1874,  (Chetetes  ortoni) 
Quar.  Jour.  Geol.  Soc,  vol.  30,  Cin'ti 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

pavonia,  D'Orbigny,  1850,  (Ptylodictya 
pavonia)  Prodr.  de  Palaeont.,  Cin'ti 
Gr.    [Ety.  Pavonia,  a  genus  of  polyps.] 

petechialis,  Nicholson,  1875,  (Chetetes 
petechialis)  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti 
Gr.     [Sig.  spotted.] 

quadrata,  Rominger,  1866,  (Chetetes 
quadratus)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil., 
Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  four  cornered.] 

rugosa,  Hall,  1847,  (Chetetes  rugosus) 
Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig. 
wrinkled.] 


rugosa,   Edwards  &  Haime,   1851.      The 

name  was  preoccupied, 
sigillarioides,  Nicholson,  1875,  (Chetetes 
sigillarioides)  Pal.  Ohio,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti 
Gr.      [Ety.   from  its  resemblance  to 
Sigillaria.'] 

subpulchella,  Nicholson,  1875,  (Chetetes 
subpulchellus)  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti 
Gr.    [Sig.  somewhat  like  M.pulchella.~] 

tuberculata,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851, 
(Chetetes  tuberculatus)  Pol.  Foss.  des 
Terr.  Paleeoz.,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig.  tuber- 
culated.] 
Nebulipora,  McCoy,  1850,  Ann.  &Mag.  Nat. 
Hist.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  6.  [Ety.  nebula, 
thick-mist;  pora,  a  pore.] 

papillata,  McCov,  1850,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 
Hist.,  2d  ser^  vol.  6,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig. 
covered  with  papilli.] 
Nemagraptus,  Emmons,  (Nemagrapsus) 
1856,  Am.  Geol.,  pt.  2.  Prof.  Hall 
uses  the  termination  graptus,  because 
grapsus  is  used  in  the  nomenclature 
of  Crustacea.  [Ety.  nema,  a  thread ; 
grapho,  to  write.] 

capillaris,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  pt. 
2,  Quebec  Gr.  Prof.  Hall  says  this 
species  is  apparently  part  of  a  Grapto- 
lithus  gracilis  or  of  some  similar  species. 
[Sig.  like  a  hair.] 

elegans,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  pt.  2. 
Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  elegant.] 
Nereograptus,  Geinitz,  1852,  Die  Versteiner- 
ungen  der  Grauwacken — formation, 
etc.  [Ety.  Nereis,  existing  annelids  ; 
grapho,  to  write.] 

deweyi,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

gracilis,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 

jacksoni,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

lanceolatus,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.. 
Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  lanceolate.] 

loomisi,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

pugnus,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  a  fist.] 

robustus,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  robust.] 
Oldhamia,  Forbes,  1850,  Dublin  Geo.  Jour. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

antiqua,  Forbes,  1850,  Dublin  Geo.  Jour., 
Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 

fruticosa,  Hall,   1865,  Can.   Org.   Rem.' 
Decade  2, Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  branchy.] 
Omphyma,  Rafinesque,  1820,    Ann.  des  Sci. 
Phys.  de  Bruxelles,  vol.  5.     [Ety.  om- 
pliax,  (?)  a  precious  stone.] 

congregata,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Clinton  and  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
congregated  together.] 

drummondi,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil. 
Foss.  Antic,  Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 


POLYPI. 


59 


stokesi,  M.  Edwards,  (Ptychophyllum 
stokesi)  as  identified  by  Rominger, 
1876,  Foss.  Corals,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

verrucosa,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon. 
Pol.  Foss.  Terr.  Paheoz.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  warty.] 
Pachyphyllum,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1850, 
Brit,  Foss.  Corals.  [Ety.  pachys,  thick ; 
phyllon,  a  leaf.] 

solitarium,  Hall,  1873,  23d  Reg.  Rep.  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Sig.  alone,  solitary.] 

woodmani,  White,  1870,  (Smithia  wood- 
mani) Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  vol.  1,  Ham. 
Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pal.eocyclus,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1849, 
Polypiers  Fossiles.  [Ety.  potato*,  an- 
cient ;  kuklos,  a  circle.] 

kirbyi,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad.  Sci., 
Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pal.eophyllum,  Billings,  1858,  Rep.  of  Prog. 
Can.    Sur.       [Ety.    jjalaios,     ancient; 
phyllon,  a  leaf.] 

divaricans,  Nicholson,  1875,  Pal.  Ohio, 
vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  wide-apart.] 

rugosum,  Billings,  1858,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  wrinkled.] 
Palaeotrochis,  Emmons,  1856,  Geo.  Rep.  Mid- 
land counties  of  North  Carolina.  This 
form  Prof.  Hall,  and  later  Prof .  Marsh, 
ascertained  to  be  a  peculiar  concretion. 

major,  Emmons.     A  concretion. 

minor,  Emmons.  A  concretion. 
Petraia,  Munster,  1839,  Beitrage  zur  Petre- 
factenkunde,  etc.  [Ety.  petraios,  that 
grows  among  rocks.]  Streptelasma  is 
regarded  by  some  as  a  sub-genus  and 
by  others  as  a  synonym. 

angulata,  Billings,  1S62,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  angular.] 

aperta,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  standing  open.] 

fanningana,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn., 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

forresteri,  Honeyman,  1868,  Acadian 
Geology.    Catalogue  name. 

latuscula,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Mid.  Sil.     [Sig.  a  little  waist.] 

logani,  Nicholson,  1875,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
Corniferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

minganensis,  see  Archeocyathus  mingan- 
ensis. 

ottawaensis,  Billings,  1865,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geo.,  2d  series,  vol.  2,  Trenton  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

pygmea,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Mid.  Sil.     [Sig.  diminutive  in  size.] 

pulchella,  Billings,  1865.  Can.  Nat,  & 
Geo.,  2d  series,  vol.  2,  Mid.  Sil.  [Sig. 
lovely,  very  pretty.] 

rustica,  Billings,  1858,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  rustic,  uncouth.] 

selecta,  Billings,  1865,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
2d  series,  vol.  2,  Mid.  Sil.  [Sig.  select, 
choice.] 

waynensis,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn., 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


Phillipsastrea,  D'Orbigny,  1849,  Note  Sur 

des  Polypiers  Fossiles.    [Ety.  proper 

name;   astrta,  from  aster,  a  star.] 
affinis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Devonian.     [Sig.  adjoining.] 
gigas,  Owen,  1840,  (Astrsea  gigas)  Rep.  on 

Mineral  lands,  Devonian.    [Sig.  large.] 
mammillaris,  Owen,  1840,  (Astrea  mam- 

millaris)  Rep.  on   Mineral  lands,  De- 
vonian.    [Sig.  mammillated.] 
verneuili,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1850,  Poly- 
piers Foss.  des  Terr.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
yandelli,   Rominger,   1876,  Foss.   Corals, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Phyllograptus,  Hall,  1858,  Rep.  of  Progr. 

Can.  Sur.    [~Ety . phyllon,  a  leaf ;  grapho, 

to  write.] 
angustifolius,  Hall,  1858,  Rep.  of  Progr. 

Can.  Sur.,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  narrow- 
leaved.] 
anna,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  Decade 

2,  Quebec  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ilicifolius,  Hall,  1858,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Can. 

Sur.,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  oak-leaved.] 
loringi,   White,   1874,  Rep.  Invertebrate 

Foss.,   Quebec   Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
similis,  Hall,  1858,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol. 

4,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  similar.] 
typus,  Hall,  1858,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Can.  Sur., 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  type  of  the  genus.] 
Plasmopora,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1849,  Comp- 

tes   rend.,  t.  29.    [Ety.  plasma,  a  cast; 

poros,  a  pore.] 
follis,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1850,  Mon.  Pol. 

Foss.,    Niagara    Gr.      [Sig.    a  bag  of 

leather.] 
PLEURODiCTYUM,Goldfuss,  1826,  Petref.Germ., 

vol.  1.     [Ety.  pleura,  side ;  dictyon,  a 

net] 
problematicum,    Goldfuss,    1826,  Petref. 

Germ.,   vol.   1,  Onondaga  Gr.      [Sig. 

doubtful.] 
Plumalina,  Hall,  1858,   Can.   Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  3.     [Sig.  like  a  feather.] 
gracilis,  Shumard,  1855,  (Filiates  gracilis) 

Geo.  Rep.  Mo.,  Lithographic  Gr.  [Sig. 

slender.] 
plumaria,  Hall,   1843,   (Filicites  ?)   Geo. 

Rep.  4th  Dist,   N.   Y.,  Chemung  Gr. 

[Sig.  plume-like.] 
Polydilasma,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2, 

syn.  for  Zaphrentis. 
turbinatum,  see  Zaphrentis  turbinata. 
Porites,  Lamarck,  1816,  Hist,  des  Anim.  sans 

Vert.     [Ety.  poros,  a  pore.] 
astrsziformis,  Owen,  1840,  Rep.  on  Mineral 

lands,   Devonian.      This  may  be  the 

same  species  subsequently  described 

as  Pachyphyllum  woodmani. 
pyriformis,  as  identified  by  d'Archiac  & 

Verneuil.       Not  American. 
vetustus,  see  Protarea  vetusta. 
Prionotus,  Hisinger,  Leth.  Suec. 
folium,  see  Diplograptus  folium. 
pristis,  see  Diplograptus  pristis. 


Polypi. 


Protarea,    Edwards  &  Haime,    1849,   Pol. 

Foss.  des  Terr.  Palseoz.     [Ety.  protos, 

first, formerly ;  araios,  porous,  spongy.] 
vetusta,  Hall,  1847,  (Porites  vetusta)  Pal. 

N.  Y,,  vol.  1,  Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  ancient.] 
verneuili,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Pol. 

Foss.   des  Ter.   Palaeoz.,   Silurian.  (?) 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Ptilograptus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.   Org.   Rem., 

Decade  2.      [Ety.   ptilon,    a    feather; 

grapko,  to  write.] 
geinitzianus,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  2,   Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
plumosus,   Hall,   1865,   Can.    Org.  Rem., 

Decade  2,   Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  plume- 
like.] 
Ptychophyllum,   Lonsdale,   1839,   Sil.  Syst. 

[Ety.  ptyche,  a  ridge  or  wrinkle ;  phyl- 

lon,  a  plant.] 
canadense,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
stokesi,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,   Mon. 

Pol.  Foss.  des  Terr.   Palseoz.,   Niagara 

Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Quenstedtia,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
cornuta,  Billings,  1859,(Aulopora  cornuta) 

Can.   Jour.,  vol.  4,   Corniferous    Gr. 

[Sig.  horned.] 
niagarensis,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
umbellifera,    Billings,     1859,    (Aulopora 

umbellifera)   Can.   Jour.,  vol.  4,  Cor- 
niferous Gr.     [Sig.  umbrella-bearing.] 
Rastrites,  Barrande,   1850,   Graptolites  de 

Boheme.     [Sig.  a  rake.] 
barrandi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Hud.  Riv.   Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 

This  may  be  only  part  of  Graptolithus 

gracilis. 
Retiograptus,  Suess,  1851,  Ueber  Bomischen 

Graptolithen.    [Ety.  rete,  a  net ;  grapho, 

to  write.] 
barrandi,  Hall,  1860, 13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
eucharis,    Hall,   1865,    Can.   Org.    Rem., 

Decade  2,    Utica    slate.      [Sig.    very 

graceful.] 
geinitzianus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
tentaculatus,  Hall,   1858,  (Graptolithus 

tentaculatus)  Rep.  of  Progr.  Can.  Sur., 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  having  feelers.] 
Retiolites,   Barrande,   1850,  Graptolites  de 

Boheme.     [Ety.    rete,   a    net;    lithos, 

stone.] 
ensiformis,  Hall,  1858,  (Graptolithus  en- 

siformis)  Rep.    of    Progr.    Can.   Sur., 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  sword-shaped.] 
venosus,  Hall,  1852,  (Graptolithus    ven- 

osus)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr. 

[Sig.  reticulated  or  venose.] 
Rhombopora,  Meek,  1872,  Pal.  Eastern  Ne- 
braska.       [Ety.   rhombus,    a    rhomb 

pora,  a  pore.] 


lepidodendroidea,  Meek,  1872,  Pal.  East- 
ern Nebraska,  Upper  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
like  the  Lepidodendron.~] 
Sarcinula,  Lamarck,  1816,  Hist,  des  Anim. 
sans.  Vert.  [Ety.  sarcinula,  a  little 
bundle.] 

glabra,  Owen,  1840,  Rep.  on  Mineral 
lands,  Devonian.     [Sig.  smooth.] 

(?)  obsoleta,  Hall,  1857,  Geo.  Lake  Sup. 
Land  Dist.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
obsolete.] 

ramosa,  Eaton,  1832,  Geo.  Text  Book,  (?) 
Gr.  [Sig.  full  of  branches.] 
Smithia,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Pol.  Foss. 
des  Terr.  Palseoz.  [Ety.  proper 
name.]  This  name  was  preoccupied 
for  a  genus  in  Botanv. 

Johanna,  Hall,  1873,  23d  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

multiradiata,  Hall,  1873,  23d  Reg.  Rep., 
Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  many-rayed.] 

woodmani,  see  Pachyphvllum  woodmani. 

verrilli,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.   Chi.   Acad. 

Sci.,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

Sph^erolites,  Hinde,  1875,  Proc.  Geo.  Soc. 

Lond.  [Ety.  from  forming  a  sphseroid- 

al  body.] 

nicholsoni,  Hinde,  1875,  Proc.  Geo.  Soc. 
Lond.,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Staurograptus,  Emmons,  1856,  (Staurograp- 
sus)  Am.  Geol.,  pt.  2.  The  termina- 
tion graptus,  is  used  because  grapsus  is 
in  use  in  the  nomenclature  of  Crus- 
tacea, [Ety.  stauros,  a  cross ;  grapho, 
to  write.] 

dichotomus,   Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol., 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  divided  in  two  parts.] 
Stellipora,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.   1. 
[Ety.  Stella,  a  star;  pora,  pore.] 

antheloidea,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol. 
1,  Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  like 
a  coral  of  the  genus  Anthelia.  ] 
Stenopora,  Lonsdale,  1845,  Geol.  Russ.  & 
Ural.  Mts.,  vol.  1.  [Ety.  stenos,  narrow; 
])oros,  a  pore.]  Most  of  the  species 
placed  in  this  genus  belong  to  Monti- 
culipora. 

bulbosa,  Billings,  1865,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
2d  series,  vol.  2,  Mid.  Sil.  [Sig.  bul- 
bous.] 

adherens,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  adhering.] 

columnaris,  Geinitz,  1866,Carb.  und  Dyas. 
in  Neb.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  columnar.] 

crassa,  Lonsdale,  1845,  Geo.  Rus.,  vol.  1, 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  thick.] 

fibrosa,  see  Monticulipora  fibrosa. 

exilis,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Low. 
Carb.     [Sig.  slender.] 

huronensis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Hudson  River  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

libana,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn.  Not 
defined. 

patula,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.    [Sig.  broad.] 


POLYPI. 


63 


spinigera,  Lonsdale,  1845,  Geo.  Rus.,  vol. 
1,  Coal  Meas.       [Sig.   bearing-spines.] 
Streptelasma,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 
[Ety.  streptos,   twisted  ;   ela»ma,  lamel- 
la.]" 

calyculus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  cup.] 

eonulus,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss,  Corals, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  cone.] 

corniculum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  a 
little  horn.] 

crassum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  thick.] 

expansum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  expanded.] 

minimum,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  smallest.] 

multilamellosum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y., 
vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  having  many 
lamella}.] 

parvulum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 

patulum,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss  Corals, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  standing  open.] 

profundum,  Conrad,  1843,  Proc. Acad. Nat. 
Sci.,  (Cyathophyllum  profundum) 
Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Grs.  Was  this 
name  preoccupied  by  Germar  in  1840  ? 
[Sig.  deep.] 

profunda,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Birdseye  &  Black  Riv.  Grs.  If,  as 
some  claim,  Streptelasma  is  a  synonym 
for  Petraia  then  this  name  was  pre- 
occupied by  Germar  in  1840,  as  well  as 
by  Conrad  in  1843. 

radicans,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  root.] 

rectum,  Hall,  1843,  (Strombodes  rectus) 
Geo.  Rep.,  4th  Disk  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Sig.  straight.] 

spongiaxis,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals., 
Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  from  the  sponge- 
like axis.] 

strictum,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  narrow,  close.] 
Striatopora,  Hall,   1852,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 
[Ety.  striatus,  striated ;  pora,  a  pore.] 

carbonaria,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc, 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
pertaining  to  coal.] 

cavernosa,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 
Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  cavities.] 

flexuosa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  bent.] 

huronensis,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
iowensis,  Owen,  1840,  (Cyathopora  iow- 
ensis)  Rep.  on  Min.  lands  of  Iowa,  etc., 
Ham.  Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
issa,  Hall,  1874, 26th  Reg.  Rep.  Low.  Held. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
linnseana,     Billings,     1859,    Can.    Jour., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
missouriensis,  Meek  &   Worthen,    1868, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Low.   Held.   Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 


ragosa,  Hall,  1858,   Geo.   of    Iowa,   Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  wrinkled.]     Syn.  for  Stria- 
topora iownttis. 
Stromatocerium,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1.  [Ety.  stroma,  layer;  herixm,  a  honey- 
comb.] 

rugosum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Birdseye  &  Black  River  Gr.  [Sig. 
wrinkled.] 
Stromatopora,  Goldfuss,  1826,  Germ.  Petref. 
[Ety.  stroma,  stratum ;  poros,  a  pore.] 
This  genus  is  regarded  by  some  au- 
thors as  a  sponge. 

alternata,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep., 
Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  alternating.] 

csespitosa,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 
Penin.  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  turf- 
like.] 

compacta,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Black  River  Gr.     [Sig.  compact.] 

concentrica,  Goldfuss,  1826,  Germ.  Petref., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  concentric] 

constellata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Coralline  limestone.  [Sig.  starry.] 

erratica,  Hall,  1873,  23d  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Sig.  erratic] 

expansa,  Hall,  1873,  23d  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Sig.  expanded.] 

granulata,  Nicholson,  1873,  Ann.  &  Mag. 
Nat.  Hist,  4th  series,  vol.  12,  Cornifer- 
ous Gr.     [Sig.  granulated.] 

hindi,  Nicholson,  1874,  Ann.  &  Mag. 
Nat.  Hist.,  4th  series,  vol.  13.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

incrustans,  Hall,  1873,  "23d  Reg.  Rep., 
Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  incrusting.] 

mammillata,  Nicholson,  1873,  Ann.  & 
Mag.  Nat.  Hist.,  4th  series,  vol.  12, 
Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  mammillated.] 

monticulifera,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 
Penin.  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  bearing 
conical  projections.] 

nodulata,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Corniferous  Gr.        [Sig.  from  the 
elevations  that  cover  it.] 

nux,  Winchell,   1866,  Rep.  Low.  Penin. 

Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  nut.] 
ostiolata,   Nicholson,  1873,  Ann.  &  Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.  4th  ser.,  vol.  12,  Guelph  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  little  door.] 
perforata,  Nicholson,  1874,  Ann.  &  Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.,  4th ser.,  vol.  13,  Corniferous 

Gr.     [Sig.  perforated.] 
ponderosa,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.  vol. 

2,   Corniferous    Gr.       [Sig.    from   its 

ponderous  appearance.] 
pustulifera,    Winchell,    1866,   Rep.  Low. 

Penin.  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  bearing 

pustules.] 
pvstulosa,  Safford.     Not  defined, 
solidula,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Sig.  solid.] 
substriatella,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,   Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.   some- 
what finely  striated.] 
tuberculata,  Nicholson,  1873,Ann.  &  Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.,  4th  ser.,  vol.  12,  Corniferous 

Gr.     [Sig.  tuberculated.] 


POLYPI. 


verrucosa,  Troost,  1840,  5th  Geo.  Rep. 
Term.,  Devonian.  [Sig.  warty.] 
Stkombodes,  Schweigger,  1820,  Handb.  der 
Naturg.  [Ety.  strombos,  twisting;  in 
allusion  to  the  lamellae  spirally  twist- 
ing about  the  center.] 

alpenensis,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 
Ham.  Gr.  [Ety-  proper  name.]  Is 
this  a  syn.  for  Phillipsastrea  mammil- 
laris?] 

diffluens,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Pol. 
Foss.  des  Terr.  Palfeoz.,  Anticosti  Gr. 
[Sig.  flowing  in  different  directions.] 

distortus,  Hall,  1843.  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 
N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  distorted,  ir- 
regular in  shape.] 

eximius,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss., 
Antic,  Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
uncommon,  excellent.] 

gracilis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Mid.  Sil.     [Sig.  slender.] 

Mianthoides,  (?)  Heliophyllum  halli. 

mammillatus,  Owen,  as  defined  by  Rom- 
inger, 1876,  Foss.  Corals,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  mammillated.] 

pentagonus,  Goldfuss,  1826,  Germ.  Petref. 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  pentagonal.] 

pygmseus,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  dwarfed.] 

(?)  rectus,  see  Streptelasma  rectum. 

simplex,  see  Zaphrentis  simplex. 

striatus,  D'Orbigny,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
striated.] 

vermicularis,  Lonsdale,  1849,  Trans.  Geo. 
Soc,  vol.  5,   Devonian.     [Sig.  vermi- 
cular.] 
Syringopora,  Goldfuss,  1826,  Germ.  Petref. 
[Ety.   syrinx,  a  pipe;  para,  a  pore.] 

alectiformis,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep;  Low. 
Penin.  Mich.,  Ham,  Gr.  [Ety.  like  a 
coral  of  the  genus  Alecto.  ] 

annulata,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  ringed.] 

cleviana,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Polyp. 
Foss.,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

compacta,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  3,  Upp.  Sil.     [Sig.  compact.] 

crassata,  Winchell,  1866.  Rep.  Low.  Penin. 
Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  thick;  in  allu- 
sion to  the  thickness  of  the  tube  walls.] 

dalmani,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  3,  Upp.  Sil.     [Ety  proper  name.] 

debilis,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  3,  Upp.  Sil.     [Sig.  weak,  feeble.] 

elegans,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  3,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 

fenestrata,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 
Penin.  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  reticu- 
lated.] 

fibrata,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  fibrous.] 

harveyi,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.  vol.  9,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

hisingeri,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Nat.  &Geo., 
vol.  4,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 


intermedia,  Nicholson,  1874,  Rep.  Pal. 
Prov.  Ont.,  Can.,  Devonian.  [Sig.  in- 
termediate.] 

laxata,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  vol.  4, 
Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  loose.] 

macluri,  Billings,  I860,  Can.  Jour.,  vol.  5, 
Corniferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

multattenuata,  McChesney,  1860,  New 
Pal.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  multum, 
much ;  attenuatus,  slender.] 

multicaulis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  having  many  stems.] 

nobilis,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  4,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  remark- 
able.] 

perelegans,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Jour.,  vol. 
4,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  very  elegant.] 

retiformis,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geo.,  vol.  3,  Upp.  Sil.  [Sig.  net- 
formed.] 

reticulata,  Goldfuss,  1826,  Petref.  Germ., 
Devonian.     [Sig.  reticulated.] 

tabulata,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Pol. 
Foss.  Terr.  Palseoz.,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 
[Sig.  tabulated.] 

tenella,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  delicate.] 

tubiporoides,  Yandell  &  Shumard,  1847, 
Contributions  to  Geo.  of  Ky.,  Cornif- 
erous Gr.  [Ety.  resembling  corals  of 
the  genus  Tubipora.] 

tubiporoides,  Billings.  The  name  was  pre- 
occupied in  1847. 

verneuili,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Polyp. 
Foss.,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

verticillata,  Goldfuss,  1826,  Petref.  Germ., 

Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  verticillate,   whorled.] 

Syringostroma,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2.     [Ety.  syrinx,  a  pipe ;  stroma,  a 

layer.] 

columnare,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 
vol.  2,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  colum- 
nar.] 

densum,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 
Corniferous  Gr.     [Ety.   from   the  ap- 
parently dense  calcareous  structure.] 
Tetradium,  Dana,  1846,  Zooph,  vol.  8.   [Ety. 
tetras,  four.] 

columnare,  Hall,  1847,  (Chetetes  colum- 
naris)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr. 
[Sig.  columnar.] 

fibratum,  Safford,  1856,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
vol.  22,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  threaded.] 

fibratum  var.  apertum,  Safford,  1856,  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  22,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig. 
open.] 

fibratum  var.  minus,  Safford,  1856,  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts,  vol.  22,  Cin'ti  Gr. 
[Sig.  less.] 
Tetragraptus,  Salter,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc,  vol.  19.  [Ety.  tetras,  four;  grapho, 
to  write].  Prof.  Hall  does  not  regard 
this  sub-genus  of  Graptolithus,  con- 
sidering the  present  knowledge  of  the 
subject,  with  much  favor.  G.  bryon- 
oides  is  made  the  typical  species.  G. 
quadribrachiatus,  also  placed  in  it. 


POLYPI. 


approximatus,    Nicholson,     1873,     Ann 

Mag.   Nat.   Hist.,  4th  series,  vol.   12, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  near  to.] 
Thamnograptus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol 

3.     [Ety.  thamnus,  a  shrub ;  grapho,  to 

write.] 
anna,  Hall,  1865,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  Decade 

2,  Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
capillaris,   Hall,   1859,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  hair-like.] 
typus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  3,  Hud 

Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  type  of  the  genus.] 
Thecia,  Edwards  &  Haime,   1849,   Comptes 

rend.,  t.  29.      [Ety.  proper  name.  (?)] 
major,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  large.] 
minor,    Rominger,     1876,    Foss.    Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  less.] 
ramosa,   Rominger,   1876,    Foss.    Corals, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  branching.] 
swinderniana,   Goldfuss,   1826,  (Agaricia 

swinderniana)  Petref.  Germ.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Thecostegites,    Edwards    &    Haime,    1849, 

Comptes    rend.,    t.    29.      [Ety.  theke, 

a  sheath  ;  stege,  a  covering.] 
bouchardi,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1854,  Brit. 

Foss.   Corals,  Up.   Held.  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
hemisphsericus,  Roemer,  1860,  Sil.  Fauna. 

West  Tenn. ,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  hemis- 
pherical.] 
Trachypora,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Pol. 

Foss.    Terr.    Paleeoz.       [Ety.    trachys, 

rough  ;  poros,  a  pore.] 
elegantula,    Billings,     1859,   Can.   Jour., 

Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  beautiful.] 
Tcbipora,   Lamarck,  1815,  Hist,  des  Anim. 

sans    Verteb.     [Ety.    tubus,    a  tube; 

porus,  a  pore.] 
lamellosa,  Owen,  1840,  Rep.  on  Mineral 

lands,  Devonian.     [Sig.  in  very  thin 

plates.] 
Vermipora,    Hall,   1874,   26th    Reg.   Rep. 

[Ety.  vermis,  a  worm ;  pora,  a  pore.] 
serpuloides,   Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.   [Sig.  like  the  Serpula.] 
fasciculata,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  bundled.] 
niagarensis,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Vesicularia,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals. 

[Ety.  vesicularia,  from  the    vesiculose 

structure.] 
major,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  large.] 
minor,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  less.] 
.variolosa,   Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  cell  pits.] 
Zaphrentis,  Rafinesque,  1820,  Ann.  des.  Sci. 

Phys.  Brux.,  vol.  5.       [Ety.  za,  very ; 

phrentis,  a  diaphragm.] 
affinis,  Billings,  1865,  Can.   Nat.  &  Geo., 

2d  series,  vol.  2,  Mid.  Sil.      [Sig.  con- 
tiguous.] 


bellistriata,  Billings,  1865,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geo.,  2d  series,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  beautifully  striated.] 

bigsbyi,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss., 
Antic,  Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name. 

bilateralis,  Hall,  1852,  (Caninia  bilater- 
alis)  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2,  Clinton  &  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  two-sided.] 

canadensis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
celator,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.     [Sig.  a  concealer.] 

cinctosa,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss., 
Antic,  Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
full  of  circles  or  belts,] 

cingulosa,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.   Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Devonian.     [Sig.  circled  with  lines.] 
compressa,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  compressed.] 
conigera,   Rominger,   1876,  Foss.   Corals 

Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  cone-bearing.] 
corniculum,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Pol. 

Foss.   Terr.   Palfeoz.,   Up.    Held.   Gr. 

[Sig.  a  little  horn.] 
corticata,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Devonian.     [Sig.  coated.] 
cystica,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Penin. 

Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  pouch.] 
edwardsi,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,   Corniferous  Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
egeria,  Billings,  1875,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

Corniferous  Gr.      [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
elliptica,  White,    1862,  Proc   Bost.   Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr.   [Sig. 

elliptical.] 
eriphyle,  Billings,  1875.  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

Corniferous  Gr.      [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
fenestrate,  Nicholson,  1875,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,   Corniferous  Gr.      [Sig.  full  of 

openings.] 
gigantea,  Rafinesque,  1820,  as  identified  by 

Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Polyp.  Foss", 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  very  large.] 
glans,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc  Nat. 

Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr.    [Sig.  an 

acorn.] 
gregaria,   Rominger,   1876,   Foss.  Corals, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  in  flocks.] 
hecuba,  Billings,  1875,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
ida,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

Lithographic  limestone.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
incondita,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.   Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Devonian.     [Sig.  confused.] 
invenusta,    Billings,    1875,   Can.    Nat.   & 

Geo.,  Corniferous  Gr.      [Sig.  not  ele- 
gant.] 
macfarlani,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad. 

Sci.,  Devonian.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
minas,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geo.   Low. 

Carb.     [Sig.  proper  name.] 


64 


POLYPI. 


multilamella,  Hall,  1852,  Stans.  Ex.  to 
Gt.  Salt  Lake,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  many 
lamellae.] 

multilamellafa,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 
vol.  2,  Corniferous  Gr.  Preoccupied 
above. 

nodulosa,  Eominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 
Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  knots.] 

patens,  Billings,  1865,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Mid.  Sil.  [Sig.  spread- 
ing-] 

prolifica,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat,  &  Geo., 
vol.  4,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  prolific] 

recta,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad.  Sci., 
Devonian.    [Sig.  straight] 

rugatula,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
Up.  Sil.  [Sig.  covered  with  little 
wrinkles.] 

simplex,  Hall,  1843.  (Strombodes  simplex) 
Geo.  Kep.,  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Sig.  simple.] 

solida,  Hall,  1873,  23d  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Sig.  solid.] 

spatiosa,  see  Heterophrentis  spatiosa. 

spinulifera,   Hall,   1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa, 


Warsaw    Gr.      [Sig.    bearing    little 

spines.] 
spinulosa,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Pol. 

Foss.  Terr.  Palgeoz.,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig. 

covered  with  spines.] 
stansburyi,  Hall,  1852,  Stans.  Ex.  to  Gt. 

Salt  Lake,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
stokesi,    Edwards   &    Haime,  1851,   Pol. 

Foss.  Terr.  Palseoz.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
subrecta,  Billings,  1875,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  like 

Z.  recta.'] 
traversensis,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.   Low. 

Penin.  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
turbinata,  Hall,  1852,  (Polydilasma  turbi- 

natum)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  top-shaped.] 
umbonata,  Rominger,  1876,  Foss.  Corals, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  protuberant.] 
ungula,    Rominger,    1876,    Foss.   Corals, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  talon.]    . 
wortheni,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Corniferous  Gr.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 


OOBRIQBlsrDA. 


Brachiospcmgia,  page  42,   read,  [Ety.  brachi- 

um,  an  arm.] 
Cnemidium  trentonensis,  page  43,  read,  C.  tren- 

tonense. 
Receptaculites  infundibulus,  page  44,  read,    R. 

infundibulum. 
Aulopora  saxivadum,  page  47,  read,    A.  saxi- 

vada.    [Sig.  creeping  over  stone.] 
Axophyllum  rudls,  page  47,  read,   A.  rude. 
Campophyllum,  page  48,  read,    [Ety.   kampto, 

to  bend.] 
Chonophyllum,  page  48,  read,  [Sig.    chonos,  a 

funnel.] 
Chonograptus,   page  48,    read,     Clonograptus. 

[Ety.  klon,  a  twig.] 
Cladopora  lichenoidea,  page  49,   read,    C.  lich- 
enoides. 
Cyathophyllum  juvenis,    page    50,    read,     C. 

juvene. 


Cyathophyllum  maritima,  page    51,  read,    C. 

maritimum. 
Dictyonema  fenestrata,  page  51,  read,  D.  fenes- 

tratum.  — 
Dictyonema  gracilis,  page  51,   read,  D.  gracile. 
Dictyonema  grandis,  page  51,  read,  D.grande. 
Dictyonema    irregularis,    page    51,    read,     D. 

irregulare. 
Dictyonema,   quadrangtdark,   page  51,    read, 

D.  quadr  angular  e. 
Dictyonema  retiformis,  page  51,  read,    D.  reti- 

forme. 
Dictyonema  robusta,  page  51,  read,  D.  robustum. 
Dictyostroma  undulata,  page  52,  read,   D.  un- 

dulatum. 
Favosites  plmrodictyloides,  page  54,  read,    F. 

pleurodictyoides. 
Halysites    catenulatus.    page    56,  read,     [Ety. 

catenula,  a  little  chain.] 
Leptopora  typa,  page  56,  read,  L.  typm. 


ECHINODERMATA 


ORDER    CRINOIDEA. 


FAMILY  CYATHOCRINIDvE. — Agassizocrinus,  Anomalocrinus,  Barycrinus,  Belemno 
crinus,  Bursacrinus,  Carabocrinus,  Catillocrinus,  Cleiocrinus,  Closterocrinus,  Cocco 
crinus,  Coeliocrinus,  Cotyledonocrinus,  Ctenocrinus,  Cyathocrinus,  Dendrocrinus, 
Dichocrinus,  Erisocrinus,  Eucalyptocrinus,  Eupachycrinus,  Forbesocrinus,  Glyptas- 
ter,  Glyptocrinus,  Graphiocrinus,  Hadlocrinus,  Haplocrinus,  Heterocrinus,  Homo- 
crinus,  Hybocrinus,  Ichthyocrinus,  Lecanocrinus,  Macrostylocrinus,  Mariacrinus, 
Myelodactylus,  Myrtillocrinus,  Nipterocrinus,  Onychocrinus,  Pachycrinus,  Palseo- 
crinus,  Platocrinus,  Porocrinus,  Poteriocrinus,  Pterotocrinus,  Retiocrinus,  Rhodo- 
crinus,  Scaphiocrinus,  Schizocrinus,  Scyphocrinus,  Stephanocrinus,  Synbathocrinus, 
Taxocrinus,  Technocrinus,  Thysanocrinus,  Zeacrinus. 

FAMILY  ACTINOCRINIDiE. — Acrocrinus,  Actinocrinus,  Agaricocrinus,  Alloprosallo 
crinus,  Amphoracrinus,  Batocrinus,  Coelocrinus,  Coronocrinus,  Dolatocrinus,  Dory- 
crinus,  Eretmocrinus,  Gilbertsocrinus,  Goniasteroidocrinus,  Hadrocrinus,  Lamptero 
crinus,  Lyriocrinus,  Megistocrinus,  Melocrinus,  Mespilocrinus,  Physetocrinus,  Pygo 
rhynchus,  (?)  Saccocrinus,  Steganocrinus,  Strotocrinus,  Vasocrinus. 

FAMILY  CALCEOCRINID^E.— Calceocrinus. 

FAMILY  ANCYROCRINID.E.  (?)— Ancyrocrinus. 

FAMILY  EDRIOCRINID.E.  (?)— Aspidocrinus.  Edriocrinus. 

FAMILY  BRACHIOCRINID^E.  (?)— Brachiocrinus,  Syringocrinus.  (?) 

ORDER    PERISCHO-EOHINOIDEA. 

FAMILY  PALjECHINIDjE.  —  Lepidechinus,  Lepidesthes,  Melonites,  Oligoporus, 
Palsechinus. 

FAMILY  ARCH jEOCID ARID M.— Archseocidaris,  Eocidaris,  Lepidocidaris,  Pholido- 
cidaris. 

ORDER  CYSTOIDEA. — Amygdalocystites,  Anomalocystites,  Apiocystites,  Ateleocystites, 
Callocystites,  Caryocrinus,  Codaster,  Comarocystites,  Crinocystites,  Cyclocystoides, 
Cystocrinus,  Dictyocrinus,  Echinocystites,  Echino-encrinites,  Eocystites,  Glyptocys- 
tites,  Gomphocystites,  Hemicosmites,  Heterocystites,  Holocystites,  Lepadocrinus, 
Lichenocrinus,  Malocystites,  Palseocystites,  Pleurocystites,  Sphaerocystites,  Strobilo- 
cystites. 

ORDER  BLASTOIDEA. — Blastoidocrinus,  Codonites,  Eleutherocrinus,  Granatocrinus, 
Nucleocrinus,  Pentremites.  • 

ORDER  OPHIUROIDEA.— Protaster,  Onychaster. 

ORDER  ASTEROIDE A. —Codaster,  Eugaster,  Palseaster,  Palaeasterina,  Palseocoma, 
Petraster,  Schoenaster,  Stenaster,  Taeniaster. 

ORDER  AGELAORINID^E .— Agelacrinus,  Edrioaster,  Hemicystites, 


ECHINODERMATA. 


Acrocrixus,  Yandell,  1855,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.   20.       [Ety.    akros,   the   summit; 

krinon,  lily.] 
shumardi,  Yandell,  1855,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  20,  Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
urniformis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  urn-shaped.] 
Actixoi  kin-us,  Miller,  1821,  Nat.  Hist.  Crin- 

oidea.     [Ety.  aktin,  a  ray  or  thorn; 

krinon,  a  lily.] 
abnormis,  see  Megistocrinus  abnormis.  , 
segilops,  see  Strotocrinus  regilops. 
sequalis,  see  Batocrinus  aequalis. 
sequibrachiatw,  see  Batocrinus  aequibrachi- 

atus. 
sequibrachiatus  var.  alatus,  see  Batocrinus 

sequibrachiatus  var.  alatus. 
agassizi,  Troost,  1850,  Catal.     Not  defined, 
althea,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington   Gr.       [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
amplus,  Meek  &   Worthen,   1861,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  full  sized.] 
andrewsianus,  syn.  for  Eretmocrinus  verne- 

uilianus. 
araneolus,  see  Steganocrinus  araneolus. 
asterias,    McChesney,     1860,  Desc.   New 

Pal.  Foss.,  Burlington   Gr.      [Sig.  in 

the  fashion  of  a  star.] 
asteriscus,  see  Batocrinus  asteriscus. 
biturbinatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig.    double   cone- 
shaped.] 
brevicornis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Burlington  Gr.      [Sig.  short-horned.] 
brevis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  short.] 
brontes,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur. 

Iowa,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 
cselatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington  Gr.       [Sig.   carved  in   relief, 

sculptured.] 
calyculoides,    see    Eretmocrinus    calycu- 

loides. 
calyculus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Iowa, 

Warsaw   Gr.       [Sig.   a  little  cup   or 

flower-bud.] 
calypso,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
cassedayi,  Lyon,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.   Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Ijjiy.  proper 

name.] 
carica,  see  Batocrinus  carica. 
caroli,  Hall,   1860,  Supp.    to   Geo.    Sur. 

Iowa,    Warsaw   Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
cauliculus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  the  small  stalk  or 

stem  of  a  plant.] 
chloris,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington   Gr.       [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
christyi,   Shumard,    1855,  see  Batocrinus 

christyi. 


christyi,  Hall,  1863,  see  Saccocrinus 
christyi. 

clarus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  brilliant,  illus- 
trious.] 

clavigerus,  see  Batocrinus  clavigerus. 

clio,  see  Eretmocrinus  clio. 

clivosus,  Hall,  1861,  Jour.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 
Hist,  vol.  7,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
hilly.] 

clcelia,  see  Eretmocrinus  clcelia. 

clypeatus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  Geo.  Sur. 
Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  shield- 
like.] 

concavus,  see  Ccelocrinus  concavus. 

concinnus,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep. 
Mo.,  Burlington  Gr.    [Sig.  handsome.] 

corbulis,  see  Batocrinus  corbulis. 

coreyi,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1859,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

corniculum,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  corniculum,  a 
little  horn — from  the  urn-shaped  body 
below.  ] 

cornigerus,  Hall,  1858,  see  Dorycrinus  cor- 
nigerus. 

cornigerus,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1859,  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  28.  This  name  being 
preoccupied,  Shumard  proposed  for 
this  species  A.  kentuckiensis. 

cornutus,  Troost,  1850,  Catal.    Not  defined. 

coronatus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur*. 
Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  crowned.] 

daphne,  Hall,  1863,  Crin.  Wav.  Sands. 
Ohio,  Waverly  Gr.  [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 

decornis,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur. 
Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  without 
horns.] 

delicatulus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  rather  delicate.] 

desMeratus,  see  Dorycrinus  desideratus. 

discoideus,  see  Batocrinus  discoideus. 

divarwatus,  see  Dorycrinus  divaricatus. 

divergent,  see  Amphoracrinus  divergens. 

dodecadactylus,  see  Batocrinus  dodecadac- 
tylus. 

doris,  see  Batocrinus  doris. 

eicosidactylus,  see  Batocrinus  icosidac- 
tylus. 

erodus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  erosus,  eroded, 
having  the  parts  jagged  as  if  gnawed.] 

eryx,  Hall  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

eucharis,  Hall,  1862.  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  eu,  very ;  charis, 
beauty.]  • 

evansi,    Owen   &  Shumard,   1850,   Jour. 

•  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

excerptus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crin- 
oidea, Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  picked 
out,  selected.] 

fibula,  Troost,  1850,  Catal.    Not  defined. 


ECHINODERMATA. 


i;: 


fiscellus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  a  small  basket 
for  fruit,  woven  of  slender  twigs.] 

fosteri,  McChesney,  1860,  syn.  for  A.  cse- 
latus. 

formosus,  see  Batocrinus  fromosus. 

gemmiformis,  see  Batocrinus  gemmiformis. 

gibbosus,  Troost,  1850.     Not  defined. 

glans,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur. 
Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.    [Sig.  an  acorn.] 

glyptus,  see  Strotocrinus  glyptus. 

gouldi,  see  Dorycrinus  gouldi. 

hageri,  McChesney,  1860,  New  Pal.  Foss., 
Burlington  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

lielice,  Hall,  1863,  Crin.  Wav.  Sands. 
Ohio,  Waverly  Gr.  [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 

helice  var.  eris,  Hall,  1864,  17th  Reg.  Rep. 
N.  Y.,  Waverly  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

humboldti,  Troost,  1850,  Catal.  Not  de- 
fined. 

hurdianus,  McChesney,  1860,  New  Pal. 
Foss.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

indianensis,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1859,  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  28,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

inflatus,  see  Amphoracrinus  inflatus. 

infrequens,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crin- 
oidea, Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  not  fre- 
quent, rare.] 

iimulptus,  see  Strotocrinus  insculptus. 

inornatus,  see  Batocrinus  inornatus. 

irregularis,  see  Batocrinus  irregularis. 

jugosus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa, 
Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  yoked  together.] 

kentuckiensis,  Shumard,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

konincki,  see  Batocrinus  konincki. 

lagena,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New.  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.    [Sig.  a  flask  or  bottle.] 

lagunculus,  see  Batocrinus  lagunculus. 

laura,  see  Batocrinus  laura. 

lepidus,  see  Batocrinus  lepidus. 

leucosia,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

limabrachiatus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New 
Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr.  [Ety. 
lima,  a  file  ;  brachiatus,  armed.] 

liratus,  see  Strotocrinus  liratus. 

lobatus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur. 
Iowa,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  lobate.] 

locellus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  a  chest  or 
casket.] 

longirostris,  see  Batocrinus  longirostris. 

longus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Ety. 
longus,  long.] 

lowii,  Hall,  1852,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Keo- 
kuk Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

lucina,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

matuta,  see  Eretmocrinus  matuta. 


matuta  var.  attenuata,  see  Eretmocrinus 
matuta  var.  attenuata. 

Meeki,  Lyon,  1861,  Proc  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 
Phil.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

minor,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  less.] 

mmissippiensis,  see  Dorycrinus  mississip- 
piensis. 

mississippieiisis  var.  spiniger,  see  Dorycri- 
nas  mississipiensi8  var,  spiniger. 

missouriensw,  see  Dorycrinus  missouriensis. 

moniliformis.  Miller,  cited  by  Troost,  but 
the  species  does  not  exist  in  American 
strata. 

mortoni,  Troost,  1850.     Not  defined. 

multibrachiatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep. 
Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  many- 
armed.] 

multibrachiatus  var.  echinatus,  Hall, 
1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Warsaw 
Gr.     [Ety.  echinatus,  prickly.] 

multicornis,  Lyon,  1860,  Trans.  Am. 
Phil.  Soc,  vol.  13,  Devonian.  [Sig. 
many-horned.] 

mundulus,  see  Batocrinus  mundulus. 

multiradiatus,  Shumard,  1857,  Trans. 
Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  Burlington  Gr. 


[Sig.  many-rayed.] 
shvi" 


nashvillse,  Troost,  1850,  Catal.  in   Proc. 

Am.    Ass'n,   Ad.   Sci.,    Keokuk    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
nash villas  var.   subtractus,    White,  1862, 

Proc.    Bost.  Soc.   Nat.   Hist,   vol.   9, 

Burlington    Gr.       [Sig.    taken    away 

from.] 
nyssa,  Hall,  1862,  15th   Reg.    Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
oblatus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.   Sur. 

Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.      [Sig.   broader 

than  long.] 
obpyramidalis,   Winchell  &  Marcy,   syn. 

for  Melocrinus  verneuili. 
oUiculus,  syn.  for  Megistocrinus  whitii. 
olla,   Hall,    1861,  Desc.  New   Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  a  pot  or  jar.] 
opusculus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur. 

Iowa,   Burlington   Gr.     [Sig.   a   little 

fortification.] 
ornatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  ornamented.] 
ovatus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  egg-shaped.] 
papiUatus,  see  Batocrinus  papillatus. 
parvus,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep.  Mo.,  St. 

Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 
pendens,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.   to  Geo.  Sur. 

Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.      [Sig.  hanging 

down.] 
penicillus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,    Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  painter's  brush  or  pencil.] 
peniagonus,  see  Steganocrinus  pentagon  us. 
pentaspinus,    Lyon,    1860,    Trans.    Am. 

Phil.  Soc,   vol.   14,   Devonian.     [Sig. 

five-spined.] 
pernodosus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  very  knotty.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


perumbrosm,  see  Strotocrinus  perumbro- 
sus. 

pigtUliformis,  see  Batocrinus  pistilliformis. 

pistillus,  see  Batocrinus  pistillus. 

planobasalis,  see  Amphoracrinus  plano- 
basalis. 

planodiscus,  see  Batocrinus  planodiscus. 

plumosus,  see  Glyptocrinus  plumosus. 

pocillum,  Hall.  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  cup.] 

polydaclylm,  Schenectady  Reflector,  1835, 
see  Mariacrinus  pachydactylus. 

precursor,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  forerunner.] 

proboscidialis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  having  a  pro- 
boscis]. 

pyriformu,  Shumard,  see  Batocrinus  pyri- 
formis. 

pyriformis  var.  rudis,  Meek  &  Worthen, 
1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 

pyramidatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  from  pyramidal 
summit.] 

quadrispinus,  see  Amphoracrinus  quadri- 
spinus. 

quaternarius,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo. 
Sur.  Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  con- 
taining four,  quaternary.] 

quaternarius  var.  spiniferus,  Hall,  1861, 
Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  spine-bearing.] 

quinquelobus,  see  Dorycrinus  quinque- 
lobus. 

ramulosus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  branchy.] 

regalis,  see  Strotocrinus  regalis. 

remibrachiatw,  see  Batocrinus  remibrachi- 
atus. 

reticulatus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crino- 
idea, Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  reticulated 
like  net- work.] 

rotundus,  Yandell  &  Shumard,  1855,  Geo. 
Rep.  Mo.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
round.] 

rudis,  see  Strotocrinus  radis. 

rusticus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.      [Sig.  coarse,  rough.] 

scitulus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  handsome,  pretty.] 

sculptus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  engraved,  sculp- 
tured.] 

securis,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  an  axe  or  hatchet 
with  a  broad  edge.] 

semiradiatus,  see  Saccocrinus  semiradiatus. 

senarius,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur. 
Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  consisting 
of  six.] 

sexarmatus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo. 
Sur.  Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  six- 
armed.] 

sillimani,  syn.  for  A.  rusticus. 

similis,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur. 
Iowa,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  similar.] 


zinousus,  see  Batocrinus  sinuosus. 

speciosus,  syn.  for  Strotocrinus  regalis. 

spinobrachiatus,  see  Amphoracrinus  spino- 
brachiatus. 

spinotentaculus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo. 
Sur.  Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  spina, 
a  spine;   tentaculm,  a  feeler.] 

spinulosus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur. 
Iowa,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig.  full  of  little 
spines.] 

steropes,  Hall,  I860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur. 
Iowa,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 

subaculeatus,  see  Dorycrinus  subaculeatus. 

subiequalis,  see  Batocrinus  subsequalis. 

subturbinatus,  see  Dorycrinus  subturbi- 
natus. 

subumbrosus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo. 
Sur.  Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  some- 
what umbrella-like.]  Syn.  ~(?)  for 
Strotocrinus  liratus. 

subveniricosus,  see  Physetocrinus  subveh- 
tricosus. 

superlatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  very  wide.] 

symmetrkus,  see  Dorycrinus  symmetricus. 

tenuidiscus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoi- 
dea, Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  slender 
disc.] 

tenuiradiatus,  Hall,  1847,  see  Palseocystites 
tenuiradiatus. 

tenuiradiatus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New 
Crin.  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  slender- 
rayed.] 

tenuisculptus,  syn.  for  Actinocrinus  sculp- 
tus.] 

thalia,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

them  is,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

thetis,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

thoas,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

tholus,  see  Strotocrinus  tholus. 

tricornis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.       [Sig.  three-horned.] 

trinodus,  see  Dorycrinus  trinodus. 

turbinates,  see  Batocrinus  turbinatus. 

turbinatus  var.  elegans,  see  Batocrinus  tur- 
binatus var.  elegans. 

umbrosii8,  Hall,  see  Strotocrinus  umbrosus. 


unicarinatus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.   to  Geo. 
Sur.  low 
keeled.] 


Sur.  Iowa,  Keokuk  Gr. 


m   tc 
[Sig- 


single 


unicornis,  see  Dorycrinus  unicornis. 

unispinus,  see  Dorvcrinus  unispinus. 

urna,  Troost,  1850.     Not  defined. 

urniformis,  McChesney,  1860,  New  Pal. 
Foss.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  urn- 
formed.] 

validus,  Meek  &  Worthen;  1860,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  stoutly  built.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


ventricosus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  bulging  out.] 

ventricosus  var.  cancellatus,  Hall,  1861, 
Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  cancellated.] 

ventricosus  var.  internodus,  Hall,  1861, 
Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Ety.  inter,   between;  nodus,  a  joint.] 

verneuili,  see  Melocrinus  verneuili. 

verneuilianus,  see  Eretmocrinus  verneuili- 
anus. 

verrucosus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  full  of  warts, 
warty.] 

viaticus,  White,  1874,  Rep.  Invert.  Foss., 
Lower  Carb.  [Ety.  riaticus,  a  parting 
repast — application  not  evident.] 

viminalis,  Hall,  1863,  Crinoidea  in  Wav. 
Sandstone  Ohio,  Waverly  Sandstone. 
[Sig.  bearing  twigs  for  plaiting.] 

wachsmuthi,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

whitfiebii,  see  sub-genus  Saccocrinus  whit- 
fieldi. 

whitii,  see  Megistocrinus  whitii. 

yandelli,  Shumard,  1857,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  ScL,  Lower  Carb.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Agaricocrinus,  Troost,  1850,  Catal.  in  Proc. 
Am.  Ass'n.  [Ety.  agarikon,  a  sort  of 
tree-fungus;   krinon,  a  lily.] 

americanus,  Roemer,  1854,  (Amphora- 
crinus  americanus)  Bronn's  Leth. 
Geog.,  vol.  2, Warsaw  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

bellatrema,  see  Amphoracrinus  bellatrema. 

bullatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  studded  with 
round  knobs;   bossed.] 

calyculus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo. 
Iowa,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  the  cup  of 
a  flower.] 

corrugatus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crin- 
oidea, Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  corru- 
gated.] 

excavatus,  see  Amphoracrinus  excavatus. 

geometricus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo. 
Sur.  Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  geom- 
etrical.] 

gracilis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  slender.] 

inflatus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  inflated.] 

nodosus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  knobbed.] 

ornotrema,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crin- 
oidea, Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  not  evi- 
dent—the word  may  be  a  printer's 
mistake  for  ornatotrema,  having  a 
beautiful  opening.] 

planoconvexus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New 
Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr.  [Ety 
planus,  flat ;   convexus,  convex.] 


pentagonus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur. 
Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  pentago- 
nal.] 

pentagonus  var.  convexus,  Hall,  I860, 
Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Sig.  convex.] 

stellatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  covered  with 
stars.] 

tuberoms,  Troost,  1849,  Catal.  This  is  the 
same  species  described  by  Roemer  as 
Amphoracrinus  americanus  in  Bronn's 
Leth.  Geognostica,  vol.  2, 1852-54,  and 
by  the  rules  of  priority  it  must  bear 
Roemer's  name,  for  Troost  did  not 
figure  or  describe  it. 

whitfieldi,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

wortheni,   Hall,  1858,   Geo.   Rep.   Iowa, 
Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Agassizocrinus,  Troost,  1850,  Ms.  of    Mon- 
ograph Crinoidea.     [Ety.  Agassiz,  the 
eminent  naturalist;   krinon,  a  lily.] 

carbonarius,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  5,  Up.  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  from 
the  Coal  Measures."] 

conicus,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1851,  Jour. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  2, 
Chester  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  cone.] 

dactyliformis,  Troost,  1850,  as  identified 
by  Shumard,  1853,  Marcy's  Rep.  Red. 
Riv.,  Chester  Gr.   [Sig.  finger-shaped.] 

chesterensis,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  5,  Chester  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
•  name.] 

constrictus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Kaskaskia  Gr.    [Sig.  constricted.] 

gibbosus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Chester  Gr.     [Sig.  gibbous.] 

globosus,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  5,  Chester  Gr.     [Sig.  globose.] 

gracilis,  Troost,  1850.     Not  defined.] 

occidentalis,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1852, 
( Poteriocrinus  occidentalis)  Jour. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Chester  Gr. 
[Sig.  western.] 

pentagonus.  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.5,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig.  pentag- 
onal.] 

tumidus,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1852,  (Poter- 
iocrinus tumidus)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig.  tumid 
or  swollen.] 
Agelacrinus,  Vanuxem.  1842,(  Agelacrinites) 
Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.  [Ety.  agele, 
a  herd ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 

billingsi,  Chapman,  1860,  Can.  Jour.,  vol. 
5,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

cincinnatiensis,     Roemer,      1851,    Verh. 
'  Naturh,   Rhein.  Westph.,  vol.  8,  Cin- 
cinnati Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

dicksoni,  Billings,  1857.  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

hamiltonensis,  Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  Rep. 
3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

kaskaskiensis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Kaskaskia  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 


70 


ECHINODERMATA. 


pileus,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Cin'ti  Gr. 
[Ety.  pileus,  a  felt  cap  or  hat  made  to 
fit  close.] 

squamosus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  covered  with  scales.] 

stellalus,  see  Hemicystites  stellatus. 

vorticellatus,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Cin- 
cinnati Gr.  [Sig.  whorled.] 
Alloprosallocrinus,  Casseday  &  Lyon, 
1860,  Proc.  Am.  Acad.  Arts  &  Sci., 
vol.  5.  [Ety.  alloprosalhs,  inclining 
first  to  one  side  and  then  to  another ; 
krinon,  a  lily.] 

conicus,  Casseday  &  Lyon,  1860,  Proc. 
Am.  Acad.  Arts  &  Sci.,  vol.  5,  Warsaw 
Gr.     [Sig.  conical.] 

euconus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Ety.  eu,  perfect;   konos,  cone.] 

depressu3,  Casseday  &  Lyon,  1860,  Proc. 
Am.  Acad.  Arts  &  Sci.,  vol.  5,  Warsaw 
Gr.     [Sig.  depressed.] 

lex,  Troost,  1850,  (Conocrinus  lese).  Not 
defined. 

tufjerculosus,  Troost,  1850,  (Conocrinus 
tuberculosus).  Not  defined. 
Amphoracrinus,  Austin,  1848,  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  4.  Sub-genus  of 
Actinocrinus.  [Ety.  amphora,  a  cup 
or  goblet ;   krinon,  a  lily.] 

amerieanus,  see  Agaricocrinus  americanus. 

bellatrema,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus 
bellatrema)  Jour.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist., 
vol.  7,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  beautiful 
opening.] 

divergens,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus  di- 
vergens)  Supp.  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  separating.] 

excavatus,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus  ex- 
cavatus)  Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  hollowed  out.] 

inflatus,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus  in- 
flatus)  Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Burling- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  inflated.] 

planobasalis,  Hall,  1858,  (Actinocrinus 
planobasalis)  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  flat-based.] 

quadrispinus,  White,  1862,  (Actinocrinus 
quadrispinus)  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 
Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
four-spined.] 

spinobrachiatus,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocri- 
nus spinobrachiatus)  Supp.  Geo.  Rep. 
Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  spiny 
armed.] 
Amygdalocystites,  Billings,  1854,  Can.  Jour., 
vol.  2.  [Ety.  amygdalos,  an  almond; 
kustis,  a  bladder.] 

florealis,  Billings,  1854,  Can.  Jour.,  vol. 
2,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  flower-like.] 

radiatus,  Billings,  1854,  Can.  Jour.,  vol. 
2,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  radiating  from  a 
point.] 

tenui8triatus,  Billings,  1854,  Can.  Jour., 
vol.  2,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  finely 
striated.] 


Ancyrocrinus,  Hall,   1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.    [Ety.  ankura,  a  grapnel ;  krinon, 

a  lily.] 
bulbosus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  bulbous.] 
spinosus,   Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  covered  with 

many  spines.] 
Anomalocrinus,    Meek   &   Worthen,    1868, 

Geo.  of  111.,  vol.  3.     [Ety.  anomos,  ir- 
regular;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
incurvus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  (Heter- 
ocrine incurvus)    Proc.    Acad.   Nat. 

Sci.   Phil.     [Ety.   from  one  incurved 

arm.] 
Anomalocystites,   Hall,   1859,   Pal.   N.  Y., 

vol.  3.     [Ety.  anomos,  irregular ;  kustis, 

a    bladder.]      Prof.    Billings   regards 

this  genus  as  a  synonym  for  Ateleocy- 

stiies. 
balanoides,  Meek,  1872,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

3rd  ser.,  vol.  3.     [Sig.  resembling  the 

shell  of  the  Balanus.] 
cornutus,   Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  horned.] 
disparilis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.   3, 

Oriskany  sandstone.     [Sig.  different.] 
Apiocystites,  Forbes,  1848,  Mem.  Geo.  Sur. 

Great  Brit.    [Ety.  apion,  a  pear ;  kustis, 

a  bladder.]     A.   syn   (?)   for  Lepado- 

crinus. 
canadensis,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,    Niagara    Gr.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
elegans,   Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.   Y.,   vol.   2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
huronensis,  Billings,   1866,  Catal.  Sil. 

Foss.    Antic,    Niagara   Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
imago,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  imago,  an  image,  likeness, 

perfect  state.] 
tecumseth,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,   Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Arch^ocidaris,  McCoy,  1844,   Carb.   Foss., 

Ireland.       [Ety.     archaios,     ancient; 

cidaris,  a  turban.] 
aculeatus,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.      [Sig.  armed 

with  sharp  points.] 
agassizi,   Hall,    1858,    Geo.   Rep.    Iowa, 

Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Ety.    proper  name.] 
biangulatus,   Shumard,  1858,   Trans.   St. 

Louis,  Acad.   Sci.,   Coal   Meas.     [Sig. 

double-angled.] 
cratis,  White,  1876,  Geol.  of  Uinta  Moun- 
tains, Lower  Aubrey  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a 

basket.] 
gracilis,  Newberry,   1861,   Ives,  Col.    Ex. 

Ex.,  Up.  Carb.     [Sig.  slender.] 
keokuk,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Kas- 
kaskia Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
longispinus,   Newberry,  1861,  Ives,  Col. 

Ex.  Ex.,  Up.  Carb.  "[Sig.  long-spined.] 
megastylus,   Shumard,    1858,   Trans.    St. 

Louis,  Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

having  large  spines.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


71 


mucronatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Chester  Gr. 
[Sig.  sharp-pointed.] 

norwoodi,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Kaskaskia  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 

ornatus,  Newberry,  1861,  Ives,  Col.  Ex. 
Ex.,  Up.  Carb.     [Sig.  ornamented.] 

shumardiana,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

triserrata,  Meek,  1872,  Pal.  E.  Neb.,  Up. 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  three-notched.] 

trudifera,  White,  1874,  Rep.  Invert.  Foss., 
Carb.     [Sig.  bearing  a  pike.] 

verneuiliana,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.Louis 
Acad.  Sci.  This  name  was  preoccu- 
pied by  King,  and  the  species  is  now 
known  as  A.  aculeatus. 

wortheni,  Hall,   1858,   Geo.   Rep.   Iowa, 
Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Aspidocrinus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3. 
[Etv.  aspis,  shield ;   krinon,  a  lilv.] 

callosus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sit?,  thick-skinned.] 

digitatus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  fingered.] 

scutelliformis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Low.   Held.   Gr.      [Sig.   from  the 
scutelliform  base.]' 
Asterias,  Lamarck,    1815,   Hist.   Nat.   Anim. 
sans.  Vert. 

anllioni,  see  Palseaster  jamesi. 

antiqua,  see  Palseaster  antiqua. 

antiquata,  see  Palseaster  antiquata. 

matutina,  see  Palseaster  matutina. 
Asterocrinus,  Lyon,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,   vol. 
3.     This  name   was  preoccupied    by 
Munster.     See  Pterotocrinus. 

capital™,  see  Pterotocrinus  capitalis. 

coronarivs,  see  Pterotocrinus   coronarius. 
Astrios,  Troost,  1850,  Catalogue.  Not  defined. 

tennesneezc,  Troost,  1850.     Not  defined. 
Astrocrinites,  Conrad  in  Catalogue  Ann.  Geo. 
Rep.,  1840-'41.    This  name  was  pro- 
posed but  not  defined,   moreover  the 
name  was  preoccupied. 

pachydactylus,  see  Mariacrinus  pachydac- 
tylus. 
Ataxocrinw,   Lyon,  1869,  syn.  for  Anomalo- 
crinus. 

caponiformu,  syn.  for  Anomalocrinus  in- 
curvus. 
Ateleocystites,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Org. 
Rem.,  Decade  3.  [Ety.  ateles,  defective 
or  incomplete ;  kustis,  a  bladder.] 
Professor  Billings  regards  Hall's  genus 
Anomaloei/xiitm,  and  DeKoninck's  genus 
Placocystites  as  congeneric  with  this 
genus  and  therefore  synonyms. 

huxleyi,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  3,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Balrmocrinvz,  Troost,  1850.      This  name  was 
pre-occupied.     See  Lampterocrinus. 

inftatm,  see  Lampterocrinus  inflatus. 
Barycrinus,  Wachsmuth,  1868,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.      [Ety.  barm,  heavy ;  krinon, 
a  lily.] 


geometricus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1873, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  5,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig. 
geometrical.] 

hercules,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Ety.  mythological  name.] 

hoveyi,  Hall,  1861,  (Cyathocrinus  hoveyi) 
Desc.  New  Crin.,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

magnificus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  large-sized.] 

mammatus,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  5,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig.  covered 
with  protuberances.] 

pentagonus,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  5,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig.  pentag- 
onal.] 
•  spectabilis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  St.  Louis  Gr. 
[Sig.  notable  or  worth  seeing.] 

striatus,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  6.  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  striated.] 

subtumidus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk 
Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  tumid  or  as  if 
blown  up.] 

thomse,  Hall,  1860,  (Cyathocrinus  thoma?) 
Supp.  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa,  St.  Louis  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Batocrinus,  Casseday,  1869,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.  Phil.  [Ety.  batos,  a  prickly 
bush ;    krinon,  a  lily.] 

sequalis,  Hall,  1858,  (Actinocrinus 
sequalis)  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Sig.  equal.] 

sequibrachiatus,  McChesney,  1860,  (Acti- 
nocrinus sequibrachiatus)  New  Pal. 
Foss.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  equal- 
armed.] 

sequibrachiatus  var.  alatus,  Hall,  1861, 
(Actinocrinus  sequibrachiatus  var.  ala- 
tus) Bost.  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  7,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  winged.] 

asteriscus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,(Actino- 
crinus  asteriscus)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 
Phil.,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  little  star.] 

calyculoides,  see  Eretmocrinus  calycu- 
loides. 

carica,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus  carica) 
Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  kind  of  dried  fig.] 

cassedayanus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

christyi,  Shumard,  1855,  (Actinocrinus 
christvi)  Geo.  Sur.  Mo.,  Burlington 
Gr.     fEty.  proper  name] 

claviger,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus  clavig- 
erus)  Supp.  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Sig.  club-bearing.] 

cloelia,  see  Eretmocrinus  cloelia. 

corbulis,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus  cor- 
bulis)  Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Burling- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  basket.] 

discoideus,  Hall,  1858,  (Actinocrinus  dis- 
coideus)  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Burlington 
Gr.    [Sig.  quoit-shaped.] 


72 


ECHINODERMATA. 


dodecadactylus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861, 
(Actinocrinus  dodecadactylus)  Proc. 
Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
twelve-fingered.  ] 

doris,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus  doris) 
Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Ety.  a  mythological  name.] 

formosus,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus  for- 
mosus)  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

gemmiformis,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus 
gemmiformis)  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur. 
Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  bud-like.] 

icosidactylus,  Casseday,  1854  (Actino- 
crinus icosidactylus)  Zeitsch. 
Deutsch.  Geol.  Gesellsch,  Warsaw 
Gr.     [Sig.  twenty-fingered.] 

inornatus,  Hall,  I860,  (Actinocrinus  in- 
ornatus)  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  not  ornamented.] 

irregularis,  Casseday,  1854,  Zeitsch. 
Deutsch  Geol.  Gesell.,  Warsaw  Gr. 
[Sig.  irregular.] 

konincki,  Shumard,  1855,  (Actinocrinus 
konincki)  Geo.  Rep.  Mo.,  Burlington 
Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

lagunculus,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus 
lagunculus)  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa, 
Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  small  flask,  small 
bottle.] 

laura,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus  laura) 
Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

lepidus,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus  lepidus) 
Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 

longirostris,  Hall,  1858,  (Actinocrinus 
longirostris)  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Burling- 
ton Gr.  [Sig.  having  a  long  probos- 
cis.] 

magnificus,  see  Eretmocrinus  magnificus. 

mundulus,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus 
mundulus)  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa, 
Warsaw  Gr.    [Sig.  neat,  trim,  nice.] 

neglectus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  overlooked.] 

papillatus,  Hall,  1860.  (Actinocrinus 
papillatus)  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  shaped  like  a 
bud.] 

pistilliformis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Kinder- 
shook  Gr.  [Sig.  in  the  form  of  a 
pestle.] 

pistillus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  pestle.] 

planodiscus,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus 
planodiscus)  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa, 
Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  a  plain  disc] 

pyriformis,  Shumard,  1855,  (Actinocri- 
nus pyriformis)  Geo,  Sur.  Mo.,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  pear-shaped.] 

quasillus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig,  a  small  basket.] 


remibrachiatus,  see  sub-genus  Eretmocri- 
nus remibrachiatus. 

sinuosus,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus  sinu- 
osus)  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  curves.] 

subaequalis,  McChesney,  1860, (Actinocri- 
nus subeequalis)  New  Pal.  Foss.,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  equal.] 

trochiscus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  little  wheel.] 

turbinatus,  Hall,  1858,  (Actinocrinus  tur- 
binatus)  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Sig.  top-shaped.] 

turbinatus  var.  elegans,  (Actinocrinus  tur- 
binatus var.  elegans)  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 

verneuilianus,  see    Eretmocrinus    verneu- 
ilianus. 
Belemnocrinus,  White,    1862,    Proc.    Bost. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9.     [Ety.  belemnon, 
a  dart,  javelin  ;  krincm,  a  lily.] 

typus,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 
Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr.  [Ety. 
type  of  the  genus.] 

whitii,    Meek    &   Worthen,    1866,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  *name.  ] 

Blastoidocrinus,   Billings,  1859,  Decade  4. 

[Ety.  blastos,  bud ;  eidos,  form ;  krinon, 

my-] 

carcharidens,  Billings,  1859,  Geo.  Sur.  of 

Can.,   Decade  4,   Chazy  Gr.        [Ety. 

carcharuz,  a  shark ;   den's,  a  tooth.] 
Brachiocrinus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3. 

[Ety.  brachium,  an  arm ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
nodosarius,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  knotty.] 
Bursacrinus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.   Sci.  Phil.     [Ety.  buna,  a 

purse;   krinon,  a  lily.] 
confirmatus,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr.    [Sig. 

very  thick  or  firm.] 
wachsmuthi,    Meek    &    Worthen,   1861, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Cacabocrinus,   Troost,    1850.       It   was  never 

described.    The  fossils  that  have  been 

referred  to  it   will  be  found    under 

Dolatocrinus. 
Calathocrinus,  Hall,  1861.     This  name  was 

preoccupied  by  Von  Meyer,  in  1848. 
Calceocrinus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  calceus,  a  shoe;   krinon,  a  lily.] 
barrisi,  Woithen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol. 

6,  Devonian.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
bradleyi,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1869,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,    Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
chrysalis,  Hall,  1859,  (Cheirocrinus  chry- 
salis)  13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  chrysalis.] 
clarus,   Hall,  1862,  (Cheirocrinus  clarus) 

15th  Reg.  Rep.  N,  Y.,  Hamilton  Gr. 

[Sig.  distinct,  remarkable.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


73 


dactylus,  Hall,  1859,  (Cheirocrinus  dacty- 
lus)  13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Sig.  a  finger.] 

lamellosus,  Hall,  1859,  (Cheirocrinus  lam- 
ellosus) 13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Burling- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  in  very  thin  plates.] 

nodosus,  Hall,  1859,  ( Cheirocrinus  nodo- 
sus)  13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Warsaw 
Gr.     [Sig.  knobbed.] 

perplexus,  Shumard,  1866,  (Cheirocrinus 
perplexus)  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci., 
Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  intricate,  obscure.] 

stigmatus,  Hall,  1863,  (Cheirocrinus  stig- 
matus)  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  Niag- 
ara Gr.     [Sig.  marked,  branded.] 

tunicatus,  Hall,  1859,  (Cheirocrinus  tuni- 
catus)  13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Warsaw 
Gr.     [Sig.  coated.] 

ventricosus,  Hall,  1859,  (Cheirocrinus 
ventricosus)  13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  bulging  out.] 

wachsmuthi,  Meek   &  Worthen,    186  9, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington 

Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 

Callocystites,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  kallos,  beautiful ;  kustis,  bladder.] 

jewetti,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Campanvlites,  Troost,  1850.     Not  defined. 

tesselatus,  Troost,  1850.      Not  defined. 
Carabocrinus,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr. 
[Ety.  karabos,  a  crab;   krinon,  a  lily.] 

radiatus,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  radiating  from  a 
point.] 

tuberculatum  Billings,  1859,  Decade  4, 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  covered  with 
tubercles.] 

vancortlandti,  Billings,    1859,  Decade   4, 
Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Caryocrinus,  Say,   1825,   Jour.    Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,   vol.   4.     [Ety.   hat-yon,   a   nut; 
krinon,  a  lily.] 

globosus,  Troost,  1850.     Not  defined. 

granulatus,  Troost,  1850.     Not  defined. 

hexagonns,  Troost.     Not  defined. 

insculptus,  Troost.     Not  defined. 

loricatus,  Say,  1825,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
vol.  4,  Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr.  Syn. 
for  C.  ornatus. 

meconoideus,  Troost.     Not  defined. 

ornatus,  Say,  1825,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
vol.  4,  Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
adorned.] 
Caryocystites,  Von  Buch,  as  cited  by  Hall  in 
1861,  in  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.  See  Holo- 
cystites. 

alternatus,  see  Holocystites  alternatus. 

cylindricm,  see  Holocystites  cylindricus. 
Catillocrinus,  Troost,  1850,  Cat.  Foss.,  de- 
scribed by  Shumard,  1866,   Trans.   St. 
Louis    Acad.    Sci.       [Ety.    catillus,    a 
small  bowl ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 

bradleyi,  Meek  &  Worthen,    1868,  -Proc. 
Acad.   Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,    Keokuk    Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
10 


tennessese,  Troost,  1850,  Catalogue,  but 
described  by  Shumard,  in  1866,  in 
Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Warsaw 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

wachsmuthi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866, 
(Synbathocrinus  wachsmuthi)  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Cheirocrixits,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep. 
This  name  seems  to  have  been  pre- 
occupied by  Eichwald,  in  1856,  and 
therefore  cannot  stand.  Shumard 
suggests  the  close  affinity  with  Calceo- 
crinus,  and  I  have  therefore  referred 
the  species  to  that  genus. 

chrysalis,  see  Calceocrinus  chrysalis. 

darns,  see  Calceocrinus  clarus. 

dactylus,  see  Calceocrinus  dactylus. 

lamellosus,  see  Calceocrinus  lamellosus. 

nodosus,  see  Calceocrinus  nodosus. 

perplexus,  see  Calceocrinus  perplexus. 

xtightaftix,  see  Calceocrinus  stigmatus. 

tunicatus,  see  Calceocrinus  tunicatus. 

ventricosus,  see  Calceocrinus  ventricosus. 
Cleiocrinus,   Billings,   1857,  Rep.  of  Progr. 
[Ety.  kleio,  I  close ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 

grandis,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  4,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  great.] 

libanus,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn.  Not 
defined. 

magnificus,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  4,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  magnifi- 
cent.] 

regius,   Billings,    1857,    Rep.    of  Progr., 

Trenton  Gr.   [Sig.  royal,  magnificent.] 

Ci.osterocrinus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2.      [Ety.  blaster,  a  spindle ;  krinon,  a 

Kly.j 

elongatus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Clinton  Gr.  [Sig.  lengthened.] 
Coccocrinus,  Muller,  1855,  Verhand,Natur- 
hist.  Vereins  Rhein  und  Westph., 
Jahr.  12.  [Ety.  kokkos,  a  berry ;  krinon, 
a  lily.] 

bacca,  Roemer,  1860,  Sil.  Fauna.  West 
Tenn.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  a  small 
round  fruit,  a  berry.] 
Codaster,  McCoy,  1849,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 
Hist.  2d  ser.,  vol.  3.  [Ety.  kodon,  a 
bell;   aster,  a  star.] 

alternatus,  Lyon,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky., 
vol.  3,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  alternat- 
ing-] 

americanus,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

kentuckiensis,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

pvramidatus,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig. 
in  the  form  of  a  pyramid.] 

whitii,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Bost.  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  7,  Burling- 
ton Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


7-1 


ECHINODERMATA. 


Codonites,   Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.     [Ety.  kodon,  a 

bell;  lithos,  stone.] 
gracilis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,    vol.    5,    Burlington    Gr.      [Sig. 

slender.] 
stelliformis,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1850,  (Pen- 

tremites  stelliformis),  Jour.  Acad. Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  2d  series,  vol.  2,  Burlington 

Gr.     [Sig.  star-shaped.] 
Cceliocrinus,  White,  1863,  Jour.  Bost.   Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,   vol.  7.      [Ety.  koilia,  the 

belly ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
dilatatus,  Hall,  1861,  (Poteriocrinus  dila- 

tatus)  Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Burling- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  widened,  spread  out.] 
subspinosus, White,  1863,  Jour.  Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  7,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 

somewhat  covered  with  spines.] 
ventricosus,    Hall,    1861,    (Poteriocrinus 

ventricosus)    Desc.     New    Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  bulging  out.] 
Cuslocrinus,  Meek  &  Worthen.    1865,    Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.    Sci.  Phil.     [Ety.    koilos, 

hollow  ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
concavus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861,  (Acti- 

nocrinus  concavus)  Proc.  Acad.   Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  de- 
pressed, concave.] 
Comarocystites,  Billings,  1854,  Can.  Jour., 

vol.  2.     [Ety.  komaron,  a  strawberry ; 

kustis,  a  bladder.] 
obconicus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  inversely  conical.] 
punctatus,  Billings,  1854,  Can.  Jour.,  vol. 

2,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  punctate.] 
shumardi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.  Phil.,    Trenton    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Conocrinus,  Troost.     Not  defined. 
Coronocrinus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3. 

[Ety.  korone,  a  crown  ;   krinon,  a  lily.] 
polydactylus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  many-fingered.] 
Cotyledonocrinus,  Casseday  &  Lyon,  1860, 

Proc.  Am.  Acad.  Arts  &  Sci.,  vol.  5. 

[Ety.  kotyledon,  any  cup-shaped  hollow 

or  cavity;    krinon,  a  lily.] 
pentalobus,  Casseday  &  Lyon,  1860,  Proc. 

Am.  Acad.  Arts  &  Sci.,  vol.  5,  Kaskas- 

kia  Gr.     [Sig.  five-lobed.] 
Crinocystites,  Hall,  1864,   20th  Reg.   Rep. 

[Ety.  krinon,  a  lily  ;  kustis,  a  bladder.] 
chrysalis,  Hall,  1864,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  chrysalis.] 
(?)  rectus,  Hall,  1864,  see  Rhodocrinus  (?) 

rectus. 
Crumensecrinites,  Troost,  1850.     Not  defined. 

ovalis,  Troost,  1850.  Not  defined. 
Ctenocrinus,  Bronn,  1840,  Leonh.  und 
Bronn,  Jahrb.  [Ety.  kten,  comb ;  kri- 
non, a  lily.]  This  genus  may  include 
the  species  referred  to  Macrostylo- 
crinus,  if  so,  it  would  have  priority, 
bainbridgensis,  Hall   &  Whitfield,  1875, 

Ohio  Pal.,  vol.   2,  Portage  Gr.     [Ety 

proper  name.] 


breviradiatus,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1872, 
Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  having  short  rays.] 
CupelUecrinus.  This  name  was  proposed  by 
Troost  in  his  catalogue  published  in 
1850,  in  Proc.  Am.  Ass'n,  with  the 
following  species,  C.  buchii,  C.  corru- 
gdtus,  C.  injlatus,  C.  Isevis,  C.  magnificw, 
C.  pentagonalis,  C.  rosxformis,  C.  stellatus, 
and  C.  striatus.  As  the  words  have 
never  been  illustrated  or  defined;  they 
must  be  regarded  as  out  of  the  list. 
Cyathocrinus,  Miller,  1821,  Nat.  Hist. 
Crinoidea.  [Ety.  cyathos,  a  cup  or 
goblet;   krinon,  a  lily.] 

angulatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  having  angles,  cornered.] 

arboreus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  tree-like.] 

bulbosus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  bulbous.] 

bullatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig.  bossed,  studded 
with  small  round  knobs.] 

conglobalus,  Troost.     Not  defined. 

cora,  Hall,  1864,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  Niagara 
Gr.     [Ety.  a  Roman  proper  name.] 

cornutus,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1850,  Jour. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  horned.] 

corrugatus,  Troost.    Not  defined. 

crassibrachiatus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo. 
Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  thick- 
armed.] 

crassus,  see  Zeacrinus  crassus. 

crateriformis,  Troost.  ^  Not  defined. 

decadactylus,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1859, 
Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts,  vol.  28,  Low 
Carb.     [Sig.  ten-fingered.] 

decadactylus,  see  Scaphiocrinus  decadacty 
lus.    This  name  was  preoccupied. 

depressus,  Troost,  see  Zeacrinus  depressus 

divaricatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  wide  apart 
diverging.] 

enormis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  (Poterio 
crinus  enormis)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci 
Phil.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  unusually 
large.] 

farleyi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr 
[Etv.  proper  name.] 

fasciatus,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  striped.] 

florealis,  see  Zeacrinus  florealis. 

fragilis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  frail,  easily  broken.] 

globosus,  Troost.    Not  defined. 

granuliferus,  Shumard,  1852,  Red.  Riv. 
Expl.  Louisiana,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig. 
bearing  granules.] 

hexadactylus,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1859, 
Am.  Jonr.  Sci.,  vol.  29,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 
[Sig.  six-fingered.] 

hoveyi,  see  Bary crinus  hoveyi. 


ECHINODERMATA. 


7.-. 


ineipiens,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoi- 
dea, Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  a  begin- 
ning.] 

inflatus,  Troost.     Not  denned. 

inflexvx,  Geinitz,  1866,  syn.  for  Poteriocri- 
nus  hemispbericus. 

insperatus,  Lyon,  1860,  Trans.  Am.  Phil. 
Soc,  vol.  13,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig.  unex- 
pected.] 

intermedius,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  intermediate.] 

iowensis,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1850,  Jour. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

kelloggi,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

laeviculus,  Lyon,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  nearly 
smooth.] 

latus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  wide.] 

lamellosus,  White,  1863,  Jour.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  7,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  in  very  thin  plates.] 

lyoni,  Hall,  1861.  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Warsaw  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

macropleurus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New 
Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  long- 
sided.] 

magister,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  the  master,  chief.] 

magnoliiformis,  see  Zeacrinus  magnolii- 
formis. 

malvaceus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.    [Sig.  mallow-shaped.] 

maniform'us,  see  Zeacrinus  maniformis. 

multibrachiatus,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1859, 
Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  28,  Warsaw  Gr. 
[Sig.  many-armed.] 

ornatissimus,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th 
Dist.  N.  Y.,  Portage  Gr.  [Sig.  highly 
ornamented.] 

parvibrachiatus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New 
Crinoidea,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig.  small- 
armed.] 

pentalobus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  five-lobed.] 

planus,  Troost.     Not  defined. 

polyxo,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 
4,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

poterium,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  drinking  vessel,  a  goblet,] 

protuberans,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  protuberant.] 

pusillus,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.  vol. 
4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.] 

pyriformis,  Murchison,  Sil.  Researches, 
1839,  as  identified  by  Hall,  but  de- 
scribed by  Conrad  as  Ichthyocrinus 
lsevis. 

quinquelobus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk 
Gr.     [Sig.  five-lobed.] 

rarus,  Lyon,  1860,  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc, 
vol.  13,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  rare.] 


rigidus,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 

Hist.,   vol.   9,   Burlington   Gr.     [Sig. 

rigid,  not  flexible.] 
robustus,  Troost.     Not  defined. 
roemeri,  Troost.     Not  defined, 
rotundatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.   Rep.   Iowa, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  rounded.] 
saffordi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,   Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.    Sci.   Phil.,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
sangamonensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Up.   Coal 

Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
scitulus,  svn.  for  C.  sculptilis. 
sculptilis",  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Rep. 

Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  carved, 

engraved.] 
sculptus,  Troost.     Not  defined, 
solidus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington    Gr.     [Sig.    solid,    dense, 

compact.] 
spurius,    Hall,    1858,    Geo.    Rep.    Iowa, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  spurious.] 
stellatus,  Troost,  1850,   Cat.   Crin.   Proc. 

Am.  Assoc,   Ad.   Sci.,    Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  glittering  with  stars.] 
subtumidus,    Meek    &    Worthen,    1865, 

Proc  Acad.  Nat.   Sci.  Phil.,  Warsaw 

Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  tumid.] 
tennesseese,  Troost.  Not  defined, 
tenuidactylus,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1868, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington 

Gr.     [Sig.  slender-fingered.] 
thomx,  see  Barycrinus  thomse. 
tiarxformis,  see  Ichthyocrinus  tiariformis. 
tumidus,   Hall,   1858,   Geo.    Rep.    Iowa, 

Keokuk   Gr.      [Sig.    tumid,   or  as  if 

swollen.] 
viminalis,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoi- 
dea, Burlington  Gr.      [Sig.  rod-like.] 
waukoma,  Hall,  1864,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
wortheni,   Lyon,  1861,  Proc  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.   [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
wachsmuthi,   Meek  &  Worthen,   1861, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Cyclaster,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr.     This 

name  was  preoccupied.      See  Edrio- 

aster. 
bigsbyi,  see  Edrioaster  bigsbyi. 
Cyclocystoides,  Billings  &  Salter,  1858,  Can. 

Org.  Rem.,  Decade  3.    [Ety.  kuklos,  a 

circle;   kustis,  a  bladder ;   eidos,  form.] 
anteceptus,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Trenton 

&  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.       [Sig.  anticipated, 

comprehended  before.] 
halli,    Billings,   1858,  Can.  Org.   Rem., 

Decade  3,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
huronensis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.  vol. 

1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
salteri,   Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Trenton 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Cystocrinus,  Roemer,  1860,  Sil.  Fauna.  West 

Tenn.     [Ety.  kustis,  a  bladder ;  krinon, 

a  lily.] 


70 


ECHINODERMATA. 


tennesseensis,  Roemer,  1860,  Sil.  Fauna. 

West Tenn.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Cytocrinus,  Roemer,  1860,  Sil.  Fauna.    West 

Tenn.    Syn.  for  Macrostylocrinus. 
leevia,  see  Macrostylocrinus  lsevis. 
Dzemonocriniles,  Troost.     Not  denned. 
Decadactylocrinites,  Owen.     Not  defined. 
Dendrocrinus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  dendron,  a  tree ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
acutidaetylus,    Billings,     1857,     Rep.    of 

Progr.,    Trenton    Gr.        [Sig.    sharp- 
fingered.] 
angulatus,  see  Palseocrinus  angulatus. 
caduceus,    Hall,   1866,   Pamphlet,   Cin'ti 

Gr.     [Sig.  the  herald's  staff.] 
cash,  Meek,  1871,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3d  ser., 

vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
cincinnatiensis,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
conjugans,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  joined,  united.] 
cylindricus,    Billings,     1859,    Can.    Org. 

Rem.,  Decade  4,  Trenton   Gr.     [Sig. 

cylindrical.] 
dyeri,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gregarius,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  occuring  in  flocks 

or  masses.] 
humilis,    Billings,    1857,   Rep.  of  Progr., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 
jewetti,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  4,  Trenton  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
latibrachiatus,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Prog., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  wide-armed.] 
longidactylus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  long-fingered.] 
modestus,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn.    Not 

defined, 
nucleus,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.     [Sig.  a  kernel.] 
oswegoensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,    vol.    3,   Cin'ti  Gr.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
polydactylus,  Shumard,  1857,  (Homocri- 

nus    polydactylus)   Trans.   St.    Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Cin'ti    Gr.     [Sig.  many- 
fingered.] 
posticus,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Sig.  behind,  posterior.] 
proboscidiatus,    Billings,    1857,   Rep.   of 

Progr.,   Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.   having  a 

proboscis.] 
rusticus,   Billings,  1857,  Rep.   of  Progr., 

Trenton  Gr.      [Sig.   rustic,   coarse, 

rough.] 
similis,  Billings,   1857,  Rep.   of  Progr., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  similar  to  D.  acuti- 
dactylus, and  D.  proboscidiahis.'] 
tener,  'Billings,    1866,   Catal.    Sil.    Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  delicate.] 
Dichocrinus,    Munster,  1839,   Beitrag.  Zur. 

Petref.      [Ety.   dicha,    in    two  parts; 

kriiion,  a  lily.] 


angustus,   White,  1862,  Proc.   Bost.   Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 

narrow.] 
diesteremis,  see  Pterotocrinus  cbesterensis. 
constrictus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,    St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  constricted.] 
conus,    Meek    &    Worthen,    1860,  Proc. 

Acad.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig. 

a  cone.] 
cornigerus,  see  Pterotocrinus  cornigerus. 
crassitestus,    White,    1862,    Proc.    Bost. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  like  a  thick  vessel  or  pot  lid.] 
crassus,  see  Pterotocrinus  crassus. 
dichotomus,   Hall,  1860,   Supp.   to   Geo. 

Rep.  Iowa,  Warsaw  Gr.      [Sig.  divid- 
ing into  two.] 
elegans,   Casseday    &  Lyon,   1860,   Proc. 

Am.  Acad.  Arts  &  Sci.,  vol.   5,   Kas- 

kaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
expansus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,   Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.    Sci.   Phil.,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  spread  out.] 
ficus,  Casseday  &  Lyon,  1860,  Proc.  Am. 

Acad.  Arts  &  Sci.,  vol.  5,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  fig.] 
lachrymosus,  Hall,   1860,   Supp.  to  Geo. 

Rep.  Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.      [Sig.  full 

of  tears.] 
lsevis,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  smooth.] 
lineatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  marked  with  lines.] 
liratus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.    [Sig.  lined,  furrowed.] 
ovatus,   Owen   &  Shumard,    1850,   Jour. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2d   ser.,  vol.  2,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  egg-shaped.] 
pisum,    Meek  &   Worthen,    1869,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  pea.] 
plicatus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  plaited.] 
pocillum,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  cup.] 
polydactylus,   Casseday    &  Lyon,    1860, 

"Proc.  Am.  Acad.  Arts  &  Sci.,  vol.  5, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  many-fingered.] 
protuberans,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  protuberant.] 
scitulus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.    [Sig.  handsome,  neat.] 
sculptus,  Casseday  &  Lyon,  1860,  Proc. 

Am.  Acad.  Arts  &  Sci".,  vol.  5,  Keokuk 

Gr.     [Sig.  engraved.] 
sexlobatus,  see  Pterotocrinus  sexlobatus. 
simplex,  Shumard,  1857,  Trans.  St.  Louis, 

Acad.    Sci.,    Warsaw    Gr.       [Sig. 

simple.] 
striatus,   Owen  &  Shumard,    1850,   Jour. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  2,   Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  striated.] 
symmetricus,    Casseday  &  Lyon,  1860, 

Proc.  Am.  Acad.  Arts  &  Sci.,  vol.  5, 

Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  symmetrical.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


77 


Dictyocrinus,  Conrad,  1841,  (Dictuocrinites) 
Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.  [Ety.  dlctyon,  a  net ; 
krinon,  a  lily.] 

squamifer,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  scale-bearing.] 

Dolatocrinus,   Lyon,   1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky., 

vol.  3.     [Ety.  dolatus,  hewn  or  tooled  ; 

krinon,  a  lily.] 

glyptus,  Hall,  1862,  (Cacabocrinns  glyp- 
tus) 15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
sculptured.] 

glyptus  var.  intermedins,  Hall,  1862,  15th 
Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  in- 
termediate.] 

lacus,  Lyon,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3, 
Comiferous  Gr.  [Sig.  a  tub,  a  vat,  a 
basin.] 

lamellosus,  Hall,  1862,  (Cacabocrinus 
lamellosus)  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Up. 
Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  in  very  thin  plates.] 

liratus,  Hall,  1862,  (Cacabocrinus  liratus) 
15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
furrowed.] 

liratus  var.  multilira,  Hall,  1862,  Cacabo- 
crinus liratus  var.  multilira)  13th  Reg. 
Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  many- 
furrowed.] 

marshi,  Lyon,  1860,  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc, 
Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

speciosus,  Hall,  1862,  (Cacabocrinus  speci- 
osus)  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Up,  Held. 
Gr.    [Sig.  beautiful.] 

troosti,  Hall,  1862,  (Cacabocrinus  troosti) 
15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
Donacicrinites,  Troost.     Not  defined. 

simplex,  Troost.     Not  defined. 
Dorycrinus,  Roemer,  1853,   Wiegm.    Arch. 
[Ety.  dory,  a  spear ;   krinon,  a  lily.] 

canaliculars,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  channeled.] 

cornigerus,  Hall,  1858,  (Actinocrinus  cor- 
nigerus)  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Sig.  horned.] 

desideratus,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus  de- 
sideratus)  Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Bur- 
lington Gr.  [Sig.  wished  for,  desir- 
able.] 

divaricatus,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus  di- 
varicatus)  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  wide  apart.] 

gouldi,  Hall,  1858,  (Actinocrinus  gouldi) 
Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

kelloggi,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  6,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

mississippiensis,  Roemer,  1853,  Archiv. 
fur  Nat.,  Jahr.  19,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

mississippiensis  var.  spiniger,  Hall,  1860, 
Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  spiny.] 

missouriensis,  Shumard,  1858,  (Actino- 
crinus missouriensis)  Geo.  Rep.  Mo., 
Burlington  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


quinquelobus,  Hall,  1860  (Actinocrinus 
quinquelobus)  Supp.  to  Geo.  Rep. 
Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  five- 
lobed.] 

quinquelobus  rar.  intermedius,  Meek  & 
Worthen,  1868,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
Burlington  Gr.    [Sig.  intermediate.] 

roemeri,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

subaculeatus,  Hall,  1858,  (Actinocrinus 
subaculeatus)  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.  [Sig.  armed  with  points 
somewhat  sharp.] 

subturbinatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860, 
(Actinocrinus  subturbinatus)  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  somewhat  top-shaped.] 

symmetricus,  Hall,  1858,  (Actinocrinus 
symmetricus)  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  symmetrical.] 

trinodus,  Hall,  1858,  (Actinocrinus  trino- 
dus)  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  three-knobbed.] 

unicornis,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1850,  (Acti- 
nocrinus unicornis)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  2,  new  ser.,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Sig.  single-horned.] 

unispinus,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus  uni- 
spinus)  Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Bur- 
lington Gr.  [Sig.  one-spined.] 
Echixocystites,  Hall,  1864,  20th  Reg.  Rep. 
N.  Y.  [Ety.  echinos,  the  sea  urchin  ; 
kustis,  a  bladder.] 

nodosus,  Hall,  1864,  20th  Reg.  Rep.   Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  knobbed.] 
Echino-encrinites,     Meyer,    1826,   Karst. 
Archiv.  Nat.,  vol.  7.    [Ety.  echinos,  the 
sea  urchin;  krinon,  a  lily.] 

anatiformis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  resembling  the 
barnacle  Anatifa.]  I  think  this  species 
is  not  generically  distinct  from 
Lepadocrinns  moori. 

fenestratus,  Troost.     Not  defined. 
Echinus  drydenensis,  see    Eocidaris    dryden- 
ensis. 

gyracanthus,  see  Tentaculitesgyracanthus. 
Edrioaster,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Org.,  Rem. 
[Ety.  edrkm,  a  seat;  aster,  a  star; 
in  allusion  to  the  sessile  condition  of 
the  species.  This  name  is  a  substitute 
for  Cyclaster,  proposed  in  1857,  the 
latter  name  having  been  preoccupied.] 

bigsbyi,  Billings,  1857,  (Cyclaster  bigsbyi) 
Rep.  of    Progr.,   Trenton   Gr.     [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
Edriocrinus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  3. 
[Ety.  edrion,  a  seat;  krinon,  a  lily.] 

pocill if ormis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  like  a  little 
cup.] 

pyriformis,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  pear-shaped.] 

sacculus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  a  little  bag.] 


78 


ECHINODERMATA. 


EUeacrinus,  Roemer,  1852,  syn.  for  Nucleo- 

crinus.] 
kirkwoodensis,  see  Nucleocrinus  kirkwood- 
ensis. 
verneutti,  see  Nucleocrinus  verneuili. 
Eleutherocrinus,  Shumard  &  Yandell,  1856, 

Proc.   Acad.   Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  8. 

[Ety.  eleutheros,  free ;   krinon,  a  lily.] 
f\,   Shumard  &  Yandell,   1856, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  8,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
whitfiekli,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Eocidaris,  Desor,  1858,  Synopsis  des  Echi- 

nides  Fossiles.     [Ety.  eos,  the  dawn  ; 

cidaris,  a  turban.] 
drydenensis,  Vanuxem,    1842,    (Echinus 

drydenensis)  Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist.  N.Y., 

Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hallianus,  Geinitz,  1866,  Carb.  und  Dyas. 

in  Neb.,  Up.  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
squamosus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 


[Ety, 


[Sig.  scaly.] 
llii 


Eocystites,  Billings,  1868,  Acad.  Geol. 
eos,  dawn  ;  kuslis,  a  bladder.] 

primsevus,  Billings,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  St. 
John's  Gr.  [Sig.  in  the  first  period  of 
life.] 
Eretmocrinus,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1859,  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  28.  [Ety.  eretmos,  an 
oar;   krinon,  a  lily.] 

calyculoides,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus 
calyculoides)  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  little  cup.] 

clio,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus  clio)  Desc. 
New  Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr.  [Ety. 
mythological  name.] 

clcelia,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus  clcelia) 
Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Ety.  mythological  name.] 

magnificus,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1859,  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  28,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig. 
magnificent.] 

matuta,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus  matuta) 
Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Ety.  Matuta,  the  name  of  a  goddess  of 
the  morning.] 

matuta  var.  attenuata,  Hall,  1861,  (Acti- 
nocrinus matuta  var.  attenuata)  Desc. 
New  Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
drawn  out,  attenuated.] 

remibrachiatus,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus 
remibrachiatus)  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  paddle-armed.] 

verneuilianus,  Shumard,  1855,  (Actinocri- 
nus verneuilianus)  Geo.  Sur.  Mo., 
Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Erisocrinus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  89.  [Ety.  eris,  conten- 
tion; krinon,  a  lily.]  "  The  authors 
have  expressed  their  doubts  about 
this  genus,  because  it  is  so  closely 
allied  to  Dr.  De  Koninck's  genus, 
Philocrinus. 


antiquus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington   Gr. 

[Sig.  ancient.] 
conoideus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  somewhat  conical.] 
nebrascensis,    Meek  &   Worthen,    1865, 

Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  89,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.]    This  is  regarded 

as  merely  a  variety  of  E.  typus. 
typus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  89,  Up.   Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

type  of  the  genus.] 
tuberculatm,  see  Eupachycrinus  tubercu- 

latus. 
whitii,   Meek  &   Worthen,    1869,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Eucalyptocrinus,    Goldfuss,    1826,    Petref. 

Gerni.  [Ety.  eu,  well ;  kalyptos,  covered; 

krinon,  a  lily.] 
armosus,  see  Glyptocrinus  armosus. 
cselatus,    Hall,    1843,    (Hypanthocrinites 

cselatus)  Geo.  Rep.,  4th  Dist.,  N.  Y., 

Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.   carved  in   relief, 

sculptured.] 
chicagoensis,    Winchell   &  Marcy,   1865, 

Mem.   Bos.  Soc.   Nat.   Hist.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
conicus,  Troost.     Not  defined, 
cornutus,  Hall,  1864,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  homed.] 
cornutus  var.  excavatus,  Hall,  1864,  20th 

Reg.  Rep.,  N.  Y.,  Niagara  Gr.      [Sig. 

hollowed  out.] 
crassus,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  thick,  stout.] 
decorus,  Phillips,  1839,  (Hypanthocrinites 

decorus)    Murch.   Sil.    Syst.,   Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  ornamented  in  relief.] 
extensus,  Troost.     Not  defined. 
gibbosus,  Troost.    Not  defined. 
goldfussi,  Troost.     Not  defined. 
laevis,  Troost.     Not  defined, 
magnus,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.   Sur.    111., 

vol.  6,  Up.  Sil.  [Sig.  large.] 
nashvilhe,  Troost.  Not  defined, 
obconicus,  Hall,    1864,   20th   Reg.    Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  inversely    conical.] 
ornatus,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Sur. 

of  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  adorned.] 
ovatus,  Troost,  as  figured  by  Hall,  1876, 

28th   Reg.   Rep.,  Niagara  Gr.      [Sig. 

ovate.] 
papulosus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  covered  with  pim- 
ples.] 
phillipsii,  Troost.    Not  defined, 
ramifer,  Roemer,  1860,  Sil.  Fauna.  West 

T  e  n  n . ,   Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.    bearing 

branches.] 
splendidus,  Troost,  Catal.  Hall  &  Whit- 
field, 1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  splendid.] 
tennesscete,  Troost.     Not  defined. 
Eugaster,  Hall,  1868,  20th  Reg.  Rep.     [Ety. 

euge,  pre-eminent,   remarkable;  aster, 

a  star.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


79 


logani,  Hall,  1868,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Eupachycrinus,    Meek  &    Worthen,    1865, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.     [Ety.  eu,  very ; 

pachys,  thick  ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
bassetti,  Worthen,  1875,   Geo.   Sur.   111., 

vol.    6,    Coal    Meas.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
boydi,    Meek   &   Worthen,    1870,    Proc. 

Acad.    Nat,    Sci.    Phil.,    Chester  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
craigi,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol. 

6,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
fayettensis,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
"  vol.  5,  Up.  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.   proper 

name.]. 
platybasis,  White,  1876,  Geo.  Uinta  Moun- 
tains, Low.  Aubrey  Gr.     [Sig.  having 

a  flat  base.] 
tuberculatus,    Meek    &    Worthen,   1865, 

(Erisocrinus  tuberculatus)  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,    Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

tuberculated.] 
verrucosus,  White  &  St.  John,  1869,  Trans. 

Chi.    Acad.    Sci.,    Coal    Meas.     [Sig. 

covered  with  tubercles.] 
Forbesocrinus,  DeKoninck  &  LeHon,  1S54, 

Resch.  Crin.  Carb.  Belg.    [Ety.  proper 

name ;   krinon,  a  lily.] 
agassizi,  Hall,  1858  &  1860,  Geo.  Sur.  of 

Iowa  &  Supp.,  Burlington  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
agassizi  ear.  giganteus,  Meek  &  Worthen, 

1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  very  large.] 
asteriformis,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Cri- 

noidea,    Burlington   Gr.     [Sig.  star- 
shaped.] 
cestriensis,   Hall,   1860,  Supp.   to  Geo. 

Iowa,   Burlington  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.) 
communis,   Hall,    1863,  Crin.  Waverly 

sandstone   Ohio,    Waverly  Gr.     [Sig. 

of  frequent  occurrence.] 
giddingi,   Hall,    1858,   Geo.    Rep.    Iowa, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
juvenis,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  young.] 
kelloggi,  Hall,  1863,  Crin.  Wav.    Sands. 

Ohio,    Waverly  Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
lobatus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  lobate.] 
lobatus  var.  tardus,  Hall,  1863,  Crin. Wav. 

Sands.    Ohio,   Waverly  Gr.      [Sig. 

sluggish.] 
meeki,  see  Onychocrinus  meeki. 
monroensis,  see  Onychocrinus  monroensis. 
multibrachiatus,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1859, 

Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  Vol.  28,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

[Sig.  many-armed.] 
norwoodi,  see  Onychocrinus  norwoodi. 
nuntius,  see  Taxocrinus  nuntius. 
pratteni,  see  Melocrinus  pratteni. 
ramulosus,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1859,  Am. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  28,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig. 

full  of  branches.] 


ramulosus,  Hall,  1860,    see  F.  subramu- 

losus. 
saffordi,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur. 

Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.     [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
semiovatus,  see  Taxocrinus  semiovatus. 
shumardianus,    Hall,    1858,    Geo.    Rep. 

Iowa,    St.   Louis    Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
spiniger,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  thorny.] 
subramulosus,  Shumard,  1866,  (Hall,  1860, 

F.  ramulosus)  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa, 

Burlington  Gr.       The  specific  name 

ramulosus  being  preoccupied  Shumard 

proposed  subramulosus,  in  Trans.  St. 

Louis.   Acad.  Sci.      [Sig.   somewhat 

branchy.] 
iliirmei,  see  Taxocrinus  thiemii. 
whit  field! ,  see  Onychocrinus  whitfieldi. 
wortheni,   Hall,   1858,  Geo.   Rep.   Iowa, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Glyptaster,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  ghjptos,  sculptured;  aster,  a  star.] 
brachiatus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  having  arms.] 
inornatus,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  not  adorned.] 
occidentalis,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  western.] 
pentangularis,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  five-cornered ;  pen- 
tagonal.] 
Glyptocrinus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.    ghjptos,    sculptured;     krinon,  a 

lily-] 

armosus,  McChesney,  1861,  (Eucalypto- 
crinus  armosus)  New  Pal.  Foss.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  many-armed.] 

baeri,  Meek,  1872,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd 
series,  vol.  3,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

carleyi,  Hall,  1862,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 
4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper    name.] 

decadactylus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
1,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Ety.  ten-fingered,  but 
the  fossil  has  twenty  fingers.] 

dyeri,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 
Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

fimbriatus,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep.  Mo., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  fringed.] 

fornshelli,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar. 
Jour.  Sci.,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

lacunosus,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  having  deep  de- 
pressions.] 

libanus,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn.  Not 
defined. 

marginatus,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  margined — from 
the  border  on  the  margin  of  the  plates.] 

nealli,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Cin'ti  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

nobilis,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Sur  of 
Wis.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  remarkable.] 

ornatus,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Piogr., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  adorned.] 


so 


ECHINODERMATA. 


parvus,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

(Sig.  small.] 
plumosus,  Hall,  1843,  (Actinocrinus  plu- 

mosus)  Geo.   Rep.,  4th  Dist.   N.  Y., 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  feathery.] 
priscus,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Geo 

Sur.  Can.,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr 

[Sig.  ancient.] 
quinquepartitus,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Org 

Rem.,  Decade  4,  Trenton   Gr.     [Sig 

five-parted.] 
ramulosus,  Billings,  1856,  Can.  Nat.  Geo., 

vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  little 

branches.] 
shafferi,  S.    A.  Miller,  1875,    Cin.   Quar, 

Jour.  Sci.,   vol.   2,  Cin'ti   Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
siphonatm,  Hall,  1861,  syn.  for  Glyptocri- 

nus  armosus. 
subglobosus,  Meek,  1873,  Pal.  Ohio,  vol. 

1,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  globose.] 
Glyptocystites,  Billings,  1854,   Can.  Jour., 

vol.  2.   [Ety.  glyptos,  sculptured  ;  kustin, 

a  bladder.] 
forbesi,    Billings,    1857,    Rep.  of  Progr. 

Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gracilis,  "Billings,  1858,   Can.  Org.    Rem., 

Decade  3,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 
logani,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progress, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
logani  var.  gracilis,  "Billings,   1858,   Can. 

Org.  Rem.,    Decade  3,    Trenton    Gr. 

[Sig.  slender.] 
multiporus,   Billings,    1854,   Can.    Jour., 

vol.  2,    Trenton    Gr.      [Sig.    having 

many  passages.] 
Gomphocystites,  Hall,  1864,  20th  Reg.  Rep. 

[Ety.  gomphos,  nail  or  rudder ;  kustis,  a 

bladder.] 
clavus,  Hall,  1864, 20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  a  club.] 
glans,  Hall,  1864,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  an  acorn.] 
tenax,  Hall,  1864,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  holding  on — the  arm  plates 

appear  to  have    been    fringed    with 

tentacles.] 
Goniasteroidocrinus,    Lyon    &    Casseday, 

1859,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  28.     [Ety. 

like    the    recent    genus    Goniaster ; 

krinon,  a  lily.] 
fiscellus,   Meek  &  Worthen,   1861,   (Tre- 

matocrinus  fiscellus)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.    Phil.,    Burlington    Gr.       [Sig.  a 

small  basket  made  of  twigs.] 
obovatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  egg-shaped,  with  large  end  up- 
permost.] 
papillatus,    Hall,    1860,     (Trematocrinus 

papillatus)  Supp.  to  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Burlington  Gr.      [Sig.  bud-shaped.] 
reticulatus,    Hall,    1861,    (Trematocrinus 

reticulatus)     Desc.     New     Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  reticulated.] 
robustus,  Hall,  1860,  (Trematocrinus  ro- 

bustus)   Supp.   to    Geo.    Rep.    Iowa, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  robust.] 


spinigerus,    Hall,    1862,    (Trematocrinus 

spinigerus)    15th    Reg.    Rep.   N.   Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  bearing  spines.] 
tenuiradiatus,    Meek   &  "Worthen,  1869, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington 

Gr.     [Sig.  slenderly  rayed.] 
tuberculosus,  Hall,  1860,  (Trematocrinus 

tuberculosus)    Supp.    to    Geo.     Rep. 

Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.      [Sig.   covered 

with  tubercles.] 
tuberosus,  Lyon  &  Casseday,   1859,   Am. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  28,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig. 

knobby.] 
typus,  Hall,  1860,  (Trematocrinus  typus) 

Supp.  to  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Burlington 

Gr.     [Sig.  the  type — the  type  of  the 

genus  Trematocrinus.'] 
Granatocrinus,  Troost,  1850,  Cat.  Foss.,  and 

described  by  Hall,  1862, 15th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.    [Ety.  granatos,  granular ;  krinon, 

a  lily.] 
cidariformis,  Troost.     Not  defined, 
cornutus,   Meek  &  Worthen,    1861, 

(Pentremites    cornutus)   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  St.   Louis  Gr.    [Ety. 

from  the  horn-like  interradial  pieces.] 
curtus,  Shumard,  1855,  (Pentremites  cur- 

tus)  Geo.  Rep.  Mo.,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig. 

short.] 
glaber,    Meek   &   Worthen,    1869,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  St.   Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  smooth.] 
granulatus,   Roemer,  1852,    (Pentremites 

granulatus)    Monog.    Blast.,   Warsaw 

Gr.     [Sig.  granulated.] 
granulosus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  covered  with  small  granules.] 
lotoblastus,  White,     1874,   Rep.    Invert. 

Foss.,  Low.  Carb.    [Ety.  lotos,  the  Lotos 

plant ;   blastos,  a  bud.] 
melo,  Owen  &  Shumard,   1850,  (Pentre- 
mites melo)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil., 

2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Burlington   Gr.     [Sig. 

a  melon.] 
melo  var.  projedus,  see  Granatocrinus  pro- 

jectus. 
melonoides,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington,  Gr. 

[Sig.  resembling  a  melon.] 
missouriensis,  Shumard,  1866,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
neglectus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  overlooked.] 
norwoodi,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1850,  (Pen- 
tremites norwoodi)  Jour.  Acad.   Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  2d  series,  vol.  2,  Burlington 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pisum,   Meek  &  Worthen,    1869,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  pea.] 
projectus.  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  projected,  thrown  out.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


81 


roemeri,   Shumard,   1855,  (Pentremites 

roemeri)  Geo.    Rep.   Mo.,    Chemung 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
sayi,  Shumard,  1855,  (Pentremites  sayi) 

Geo.  Rep.  Mo.,  Burlington  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
shumardi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Graphiocrixus,  De  Koninck  &  Le  Hon,  1854, 

Rech.  Crin.  Carb.  Belg.  [Ety.  graphion, 

writing  instrument ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
brachialis,  Lyon,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  having  arms.] 
dactylus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Rep. 

Iowa,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  fingered.] 
quatuordecem brachialis,  Lyon,  1857,  Geo. 

Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig. 

having  fourteen  arms.] 
Hadrocrinus,  Lyon,  1869,  Trans.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc,  vol.  13.     [Ety.  adros,  full  grown  ; 

krinon,  a  lily.] 
discus,  Lyon,  1869,  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc, 

vol.  13,  Devonian.      [Sig.  a  dish.] 
pentagonus,  Lyon,  1869,  Trans.  Phil.  Soc, 

vol.  13,  Devonian.     [Sig.  pentagonal.] 
plenissimus,  Lyon,  1869,  Trans.  Phil.  Soc, 

vol.  13,  Devonian.     [Sig.  the  largest.] 
Haplocrinus,   Steininger,    Bui.    Soc.   Geol. 

France  t.  8,  1st  series.     [Ety.  haploos, 

simple;  fo-inon,  a  lily.] 
clio,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.   Rep.   N.  Y., 

Marcellus  shale.     [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
granulatus,  Troost.     Not  defined. 
liemispliericus,  Troost.     Not  defined. 
ma.rimus,  Troost.     Not  defined. 
oralis,  Troost.    Not  defined. 
Hemicosmites,  Von  Buch,  1840,  Monatsber 

d.   Berlin  Akad.      [Ety.   hemi,   half; 

cosmites,  sphere.] 
subglobosus,   Hall,    1864,    in     20th   Reg. 

Rep.,   Niagara  Gr.       [Sig.  somewhat 

globose.] 
Hemicystites,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  hemi,  half;   faistis,  a  bladder.] 
alius,  a  synonym  for  H.  granulatus. 
granulatus,  Hall,  1872,  Pamphlet,  Cin'ti 

Gr.    [Ety.  from  the  granulated  appear- 
ance of  the  upper  surface.] 
parasiticus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  parasitic] 
stellatus,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Sig.  star-shaped.] 
Heterocrine,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  heleros,  irregular ;   krinon,  a  lily.] 
articulosus,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  4,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of 

joints.] 
canadensis,    Billings,   1859,    Can.   Org. 

Rem.,  Decade  4,  Trenton  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.]   This  species  can  hardly 

be  separated  from  H.  simplex,  by  spe- 
cific differences,  and   it  is    doubtful 

whether  it  constitutes  more  than  a 

variety, 
constrictus,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Cin'ti 

Gr.     [Sig.  constricted.] 


constrictus  var.  compactus,  Meek,  1873, 

Ohio  Pal.,   vol.   1,    Cin'ti  Gr.      [Sig. 

compact.] 
crassus,  Meek  &   Worthen,   1865,   Proc 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety. 

from  the  thick  arm  plates.] 
exilis,   Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Trenton  & 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  small,  slender.] 
exiguus,  syn.  for  H.  exilis. 
gracilis,  Hall,  1847,   Pal.   N.   Y.,   vol.   1. 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  slender.] 
heterodactylus,   Hall,   1847,  Pal.   N.  Y, 

vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  irregularly 

fingered.] 
insequalis,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  4,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  unequal.] 
incurvus,  see  Anomalocrinus  incurvus. 
isodactylu.%   syn.  for  Heterocrinus  con- 
strictus var.-  compactus. 
juvenis,  Hall,  1866.  Pamphlet,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Sig.  voung.] 
laxus,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Trenton  & 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  loose.] 
poly.ro,  syn.  for  H.  subcrassus. 
simplex,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,   vol.   1, 

Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.   [Sig.  simple.] 
simplex  var.  grandis,   Meek,   1873,  Pal. 

Ohio,  vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  great.] 
subcrassus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.   [Sig. 

somewhat  like  H.  crassus.'] 
tenuis,   Billings,   1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 
Heterocystites,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2.     [Ety.   heteros,  irregular;    kustis,  a 

bladder.] 
armatus, '  Hall,   1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  having  arms.] 
Holocystites,    Hall,    1864,    in    20th    Reg. 

Rep.     [Ety.   holes,  entire;   kustis,  a 

bladder.] 
abnormis,  Hall,  1864,  in  20th  Reg.  Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  abnormal,  out  of 

the  usual  order.] 
alternatus,    Hall,    1861,    (Caryocystites 

alternatus)   Rep.   of  Prog.   Geo.  Sur. 

Wis.,   Niagara  Gr.      [Ety.  from    the 

alternating  plates.] 
cylindricus,  Hall,  1861,   (Caryocystites 

cylindricus)    Ann.    Rep.   Geo.   Wis., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  cylindrical.] 
ovatus,  Hall,   1864,  in   20th   Reg.  Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  egg-shaped.] 
scutellatus,    Hall,    1864,    in    20th    Reg. 

Rep.,   Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.   a  salver  or 

waiter  of  a  nearly  square  form.] 
sphsericus,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865,  Mem. 

Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  round-bodied.] 
winchelli,  Hall,  1864,  in  20th  Reg.  Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Homocrinus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  homos,  like ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
alternatus,  Hall,  1847,  (Poteriocrinus  al- 
ternatus) Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton 

Gr.    [Sig.  from  the  alternating  plates.] 


82 


ECHINODERMATA. 


angustus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig. 

narrowed,  contracted.] 
cylindricus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  cylindrical.] 
gracilis,   Hall,   1847,    (Poteriocrinus  gra- 
cilis) Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  slender.] 
parvus,   Hall,   1852,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  small.] 
polydactylus,  see  Dendrocrinus  polydac- 

tylus. 
proboscidialis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Oriskany  sandstone.      [Ety.  from 

the  proboscis.] 
scoparius,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  sweeper.] 
Hybocrinus,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr. 

[Ety.   hubos,  hump-backed;  krinon,  a 

My-]  '     . 

conicus,   Billings,  1857,  Rep.   of   Progr., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  conical.] 
pristinus,  Billings,  1859,  Decade  4,  Chazy 

Gr.     [Sig.  primitive,  early.] 
tumidus,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Trenton    Gr.      [Sig.    tumid,    swollen 

out.] 
Hydreionocrinus  (?)   verrucosus,  White  &  St. 

John,   1868,    Trans.    Chi.   Acad.  Sci. 

See  Eupachycrinus  verrucosus. 
Hypanthocrinites,   Phillips,  1839,  Murch.  Sil. 

Syst.      [Ety.   upo,  under;   anthos,  a 

flower;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
cselatus,  see  Eucalyptocrinus  cselatus. 
decorus,  see  Euclayptocrinus  decorus. 
Ichthyoceinus,  Conrad,   1842,  Jour.   Acad. 
•     Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  8.     [Ety.  ichthys,  a 

fish ;   krinon,  a  lily.] 
burlingtonensis,   Hall,   1858,   Geo.   Rep. 

Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
clintonensis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2,  Clinton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
corbis,  Winchell  &  Marcy,   1865,   Mem. 

Bost.   Soc.   Nat.   Hist.,   Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  basket.]     Prof.   Hall  regards 

this  as  a  syn.  for  I.  subangularis. 
laevis,  Conrad,  1842,   Jour.   Acad.   Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Niagara  Gr.   [Sig.  smooth.] 
subangularis,  Hall,  1862,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.   somewhat 

angular.] 
tiariformis,  Troost,  1850,    (Cyathocrinus 

tiariformis)  Catal.    Low.  Carb.     [Sig 

like  a  turban.] 
Icosidactylocrinites.    Not  defined. 
Lampterocrinus,  Roemer,  1860,  Sil.   Fauna 

West  Tenn.      [Ety.   lampter,  a  lamp 

krinon,  a  lily.] 
inflatus,  Hall,  1861,  (Balanocrinus  infla- 

tus)   Rep.  of  Progr.  Sur.  of  Wis.,  Ni 

agara  Gr.     [Sig.  inflated.] 
sculptus,  syn.  for  L.  tennesseensis. 
tennesseensis,  Roemer,  1860,  Sil.  Fauna 

West  Tenn.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 


Lecanocrinus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2.. 
[Ety.  lekane,  a  basin,  from  the  bowl- 
shaped  form  of  the  calyx  in  the  typical 
species;  krinon,  a  lily.] 

caliculus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  cup.] 

elegans,  Billings,  1857,  Rep  of  Progr., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 

laevis,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progress, 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  smooth.] 

macropetalus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
2,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  having  long- 
flower  leaves ;  from  the  wide  scapular 
plates.] 

ornatus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  adorned.] 

pusillus,  syn.  for  Cyathocrinus  pusillus. 

simplex, "Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  simple.] 

Lepadocrinus,  Conrad,  1840,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 

i  Y.     [Ety.   from  the  resemblance  to 

the  Lepas  or  Barnacle  Anatifa ;  krinon, 

a  lily.] 

gebhardi,  Conrad,  1840,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

moorii,  Meek,  1871,  (Lepocrinites  moorii) 
Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti 
Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.]  I  think 
this  species  is  not  generically  distinct 
from  Echino-encrinites  anatiformis. 
Lepidechinus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Spec. 
Crinoidea.  [Ety.  lepis,  scale ;  echinus, 
the  sea  urchin.] 

imbricatus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Cri- 
noidea, Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.   imbri- 

rarispinus,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep., 
Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  having  few 
spines.] 

Lepidesthes,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  3.  [Ety.  lepis,  a  scale; 
esthes,  a  garment.] 
coreyi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  3,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

Lepidocidaris,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1873,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  5.  A  proposed  sub- 
genus of  Eocidaris. 

Lepidodiscus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1873,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  3.  [Ety,  lepis,  a  scale; 
diskos,  a  quoit.]  A  proposed  subgenus 
of  Agelacrinus. 

Lepocrinites,   Conrad,  1840.      The  correct 
orthography    seems    to   be    Lepado- 
crinus. 
moorei,  Meek,  see  Lepadocrinus  moorii. 

Lichenocrinus,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet.    [Ety. 
lichen,  a  tree  moss;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
crateriformis,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Tren- 
ton  &   Hud.   Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.   having 
the  form  of  a  cup.] 
dyeri,  Hall,  1866,  Phamphlet,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
tuberculatus,   S.  A.  Miller,  18  74,   Cin. 
Quar.   Jour.   Sci.,   vol.   1,   Cin'ti   Gr. 
[Ety.  from  the  tuberculated  plates.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


S3 


Lyriocrinus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.    lyrion,   small    lyre,   a    musical 

instrument ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
dactylus,  Hall,  1843,  (Marsupiocrinites  (?) 

dactylus)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  fingered.] 
sculptilis,   Hall,   1864,  20th    Reg.    Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  produced  by  carv- 
ing.] 
Macrostylocrinus,   Hall,   1852,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  2.     [Ety.   makros,  long ;  stylos,  an 

arm;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
lsevis,  Roemer,   1860,  (Cytocrinus  lsevis) 

SO.  Faun.   West  Tenn.,   Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  smooth.] 
ornatus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  adorned.] 
striatus,  Hall,  1868,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  striated.] 
Malocystites,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem. 

Decade  3.     [Ety.  malum,  an    apple; 

kustis,  a  bladder. ) 
barrandi,   Billings,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  3,  Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
murchisoni,    Billings,    1858,    Can.    Org. 

Rem.,    Decade    3,   Chazy   Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Mariacrinus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3. 

[Ety.  Maria,  Mary — a  proper   name; 

krinon,  a   lily.]     See    also    subgenus 

Technocrinus. 
macropetalus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  having  long 

flower    leaves;   from  the  wide  basal 

and  radial  plates.] 
nobilissimus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  most  remark- 
able.] 
pachydactylus,  Conrad,  1841,  (Astrocrin- 

ites  pachydactylus)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  thick-fingered.] 

Syn.  (?)  for  M.  polydactylus. 
paucidactylus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low'  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  few-fingered.] 
plumosus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  feathery.] 
polydactylus,  Bonny,  1837,  (Actinocrinus 

polydactylus)  Am.  Jour.,  vol.  31,  Up. 

SO.    [Sig.  many-fingered.] 
ramosus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y,   vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  branching.] 
stoloniferus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,   Low.  Held.   Gr.     [Sig.  bearing 

branches.] 
Marsupiocrinites,  Phillips,  1839,  Murch.,  SO. 

Syst.     [Sig.  a  purse  or  bag ;  krinon,  a 

%•] 

dactylus,  see  Lyriocrinus  dactylus. 
Megistocrixus,    Owen    &    Shumard,    1852, 

Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Iowa  and  Minn.    [Ety. 

megistos,  very  great ;   krinon,  a  lily.] 
abnormis,  Lyon,  1857,  (Actinocrinus  ab- 

normis)   Geo.  Sur.   Ky.,   vol.   3,   Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  abnormal.] 
crassus,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 

Hist.,   vol.   9,   Burlington  Gr.     [Sig. 

thick.] 


depressus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Hamilton  Gr.     [Sig.  depressed.] 
evansi,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1852,  Geo.  Sur. 

Wis.,  Iowa  and  Minn.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
farnsworthi,  White,   1876,    Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,   Devonian.       [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
infelix,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  Mem.  Bost. 

Soc.   Nat.   Hist.,   Niagara  Gr.     Prof. 

Hall  regards  this  species  as  the  young 

of  Saccocrinus  christyi.    [Sig.  miser- 
able.] 
knappi,   Lyon  &  Casseday,   1861,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.   Phil.,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper   name.] 
latus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  of  Iowa,  Ham,  Gr. 

[Sig.  broad.] 
marcouanus,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  see  Sac- 
cocrinus christyi. 
necis,   Winchell  &  Marcy,   1865,   Mem. 

Bost.  Soc. Nat.  Hist.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 

doubtful.]      Prof.    Hall    regards  this 

species  as  a  synonym  for  Saccocrinus 

christyi. 
olliculus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  pot.] 
Ontario,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
parvirostris,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  small-beaked.] 
plenus,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 

Hist,,  vol.  9,   Burlington    Gr.    [Sig. 

full,  large.] 
rugosus,   Lyon    &  Casseday,  1859,   Am. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  28,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig. 

rugose.] 
spinosus,   Lvon,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  covered 

with  spines.] 
spinulosus,  Lyon,  1861,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil .,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  covered 

with  little  spines.] 
whitii,  Hall,  1861,  Jour.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 

Hist.,  vol.  7,  Burlington  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Melocrinus,  Goldfuss,  1826,  Petref.  Germ. 

[Ety.  melo,  a  melon ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
bainbridgensis,  see  Ctenocrinus  bainbrid- 

gensis. 
breviradiatus,  see  Ctenocrinus  breviradi- 

atus. 
nodosus,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  De- 
vonian.    [Ety.  nodosus,  knobbed.] 
obconicus,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.   Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.   inversely 

conical.] 
pratteni,    McChesney,    1860,     (Forbeso- 

crinus  pratteni)  New  Pal.  Foss.,  War- 
saw Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
sculptus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.   N.  Y,  vol.  2, 

Niagara    Gr.      [Sig.    engraved,  sculp- 
tured.] 
verneuili,    Troost,     1850,    (Actinocrinus 

verneuili)    Proc.    Am.     Assoc.    Sci., 

Niagara  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 


84 


ECHINODERMATA. 


Melonites,  Owen   &  Norwood,   184G,   Am. 

Jour.   Sci.,   2d   series,   vol.   2.      [Ety. 

melon,  a  melon ;   lithos,  stone.] 
danse,  see  Oligoporus  danse. 
multiporus,  Owen  &  Norwood,  1846,  Am. 

Jour.  Sci.,  2d  series,  vol.  2,  St.  Louis 

Gr.     [Sig.  having  many  pores.] 
stewarti,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tennessee, 

Low.  Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Mespilocrinus,  DeKoninck  &  LeHon,  1854, 

Rech.  Crin.,  Terr.  Carb.  Belg.     [Ety. 

mespilum,  a  medlar;   krinon,  a  lily.] 
konincki,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Rep. 

Iowa,   Burlington  Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
scitulus,   Hall,   1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoi- 

dea,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  handsome, 

pretty.] 
Myelodactylus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2.     [Ety.  myelos,  the  inside  pith,  from 

the  foramen  or  medullary  canal  pen- 
etrating the  column  of  joints ;  dactylus, 

a  finger.] 
brachiatus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  having  arms.] 
convolutus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  convoluted,  rolled 

as  it  were  together.] 
Myrtillocrinus,    Sandberger,    1856,   Verst. 

der    Rhein.     Schi.   Syst.   in    Nassau. 

[Ety.   myrtillus,   a  myrtle;     krinon,  a 

lily-] 

americanus,  Hall,   1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Up.  Held.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Nipterocrinus,   'Wachsmuth,     1868,     Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.       [Ety.  nipter,  a 

washing  vessel ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
arboreus,  Worthen,  1863,  Geo.  Sur.,  111., 

vol.  5,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  branched 

like  a  tree.] 
wachsmuthi,    Meek    &   Worthen ;    1868, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Nucleocrinus,    Conrad,  1842,    Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  8.     [Ety.  nucleus,  a 

little  nut ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
angularis,  Lyon,  1857,  (Olivanites  angu- 
laris) Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3,  Cornifer- 

ous  Gr.     [Sig.  angular.] 
conradi,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.   proper   name.] 
ins,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
hallii,  syn.  for  Nucleocrinus  elegans. 
kirkwoodensis,  Shumard,  1863,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
lucina,  Hall,  1862,  15th   Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
verneuili,  Troost,  1841,  (Pentremites  ver- 

neuili)  6th  Rep.  on  the  Geo.  of  Tenn., 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Oligoporus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.     [Ety.  oligos,  few ; 

poros,  a  passage.] 
danae,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Melon- 
ites danae)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil., 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


nobilis,  Meek  &  Worthen,    1869,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington   Gr. 

[Sig.  remarkable.] 
Olivanites,  syn.  for  Nucleocrinus. 

angularis,  see  Nucleocrinus  angularis. 

verneuili,  see  Nucleocrinus  verneuili. 

Onychaster,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  3.     [Ety.  onyx,  a  claw; 

aster,  a  star.] 
barrisi,   Hall,  1861,  (Protaster  barrisi) 

Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
flexilis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  3,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  pliant.] 
Onychocrinus,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1859,  Am. 

Jour.  Sci.,  2d  series,   vol.  29.     [Ety. 

onyx,  a  claw ;   krinon,  a  lily.] 
diversus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  separated.] 
exculptus,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1859,  Am. 

Jour.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  carved- 

out.] 
magnus,  Worthen,   1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  6,.  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  large.] 
meeki,  Hall,  1858,  (Forbesiocrinus  meeki) 

Geo.   Sur.  Iowa,  Chester  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
monroensis,   Meek  &  Worthen,'   1861, 

(Forbesiocrinus    monroensis)  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.  Sci.,   Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
norwoodi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (For- 
besiocrinus   norwoodi)    Proc.    Acad 

Nat.  Sci.,   Keokuk  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
whitfieldi,    1858,    (Forbesiocrinus    whit- 

fieldi)   Geo.   Sur.   Iowa,   Chester  Gr 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pachycrinus,  Billings,  1859,  Decade  4.  [Ety 

pachys,  thick  ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
crassibasalis,    Billings,    1859,    Decade   4, 

Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  from  the  thick  basal 

plates.] 
Pal^aster,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.   2. 

[Ety.  palaios,  ancient ;   rnttr,  a  star.] 
antiquatus,  Locke,  1846,   (Asterias    anti- 

quata)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  vol. 

3,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
antiquus,  Troost,  1835,  (Asterias  antiqua) 

Trans.  Geo.  Soc.  Penn.,  vol.  1,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
dyeri,   Meek,  1872,  Am.    Jour.    Sci.,  3rd 

series,  vol.  3,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
eucharis,   Hall,    1868,    20th    Reg.    Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  graceful.] 
granulosus,  Hall,  1868,   20th  Reg.  Rep., 

Cin'ti  Gr.    [Sig.  granular.] 
incomptus,  Meek,   1872,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

3rd  ser.,  vol.  3,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  un- 
adorned.] 
jamesi,     Dana,     1863,   (Palseasterina    (?) 

jamesi)  Am.  Jour,  of  Sci.,  2d  series, 

vol.  35,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
matutinus,   Hall,    1847,  (Asterias    matu- 

tina)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.   1,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  in  the  morning.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


parviusculus,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,   vol.   5,   Mid.    SO.      [Sig.  very 

small.] 
niagarensis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pulchellus,  see  Stenaster  pnlchellus. 
shafferi,  Hall,  1868,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Cin'ti 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
wilberianus,    Meek    &    Worthen,     1861, 

(Petraster    wilberianus)    Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,    Cin'ti    Gr.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Pal.easterina,  McCoy,  1851,  Brit.  Pal.  Foss., 

but  first  defined  by  Salter,  1857,  Ann. 

Mag.  Nat.  Hist.    [Ety.  palaios,  ancient ; 

aster,  a  star;   inus,  resemblance.] 
fimbriata,  see  Schsenaster  fimbriatus. 
jamesi,  see  Palseaster  jamesi. 
rigida,  see  Petraster  rigidus. 
rugosa,    Billings,    1857,   Rep.   of   Progr., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  rugose.] 
stellata,    Billings,   1857,  Rep.    of    Prog., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  star-shaped.] 
Pal^echinus,    McCoy,    1844,    Carb.     Foss., 

Ireland.       [Ety.    palaios,    ancient; 

echinus,  the  sea  urchin.] 
burlingtonensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gracilis,   Meek  &  Worthen,   1869,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington   Gr. 

[Sig.  slender.] 
Pal.eocoma,  Salter,  1857,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.,  2d  series,  vol.  17.     [Ety. palaios, 

ancient ;  coma,  hair.] 
cylindrica,  see  Tseniaster  cylindricus. 
princeps,  Hall,   1868,'  (Ptilonaster  prin- 

ceps)   20th  Reg.  Rep.  Chemung  Gr. 

[Sig.  early,  ancient.] 
spinosa,  see  Tamiaster  spinosus. 
Pal^ockincs,  Billings,  1859,  Decade  4.  [Ety. 

palaios,  ancient;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
angulatus,  Billings,  1857,  (Dendrocrinus 

angulatus)    Rep.   of    Progr.,    Trenton 

Gr.     [Sig.  cornered,  angular.] 
pulchellus,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  4,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  minutely 

pretty.] 
rhombiferous,   Billings,   1859,   Can.  Org. 

Rem.,   Decade  4,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

bearing  rhombs.] 
striatus,   Billings,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  4.,  Chazy  Gr.      [Sig.  striated.] 
mlcatus,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn.    Not 

defined. 
Paljeocystites,   Billings,     1858,    Can.    Org. 

Rem.,    Decade    3.        [Ety.   palaios, 

ancient;   kustis,  a  bladder.] 
chapmani,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  3,  Chazy   Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
davvsoni,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  3,   Chazy   Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
pulcher,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.   Geo., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 


tenuiradiatus,   Hall,  1847,  (Actinocrinus 

tenuiradiatus)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Chazy 

Gr.     [Sig.  slender-rayed.] 
Pentacrinites  hamptoni,  Emmons,  1842,    Geo. 

Rep.   N.   Y.,    Trenton    Gr.     This  is 

merely  the  plate  of  a  crinoid  column. 
Pentagonites,  proposed  by  Rafinesque  for  a 

crinoid  column. 
Pentremites,  Say,  1820,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol. 

2.     [Ety.  pente,  five ;  retnos,  a  board  or 

plate.] 
angularis,   Lyon,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig.  angular.] 
bipyramidalis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig.  doubly-pyramidal.] 
burlingtonensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
calyce,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  cup.] 
calycinus,  Lyon,  1860,   Trans.   St.    Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  KaskaskiaGr.  [Sig.  a  small 

cup.] 
cervinus,   Hall,    1858,   Geo.   Rep.   Iowa, 

Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  deer-like.] 
cherokeus,  Troost,  1850,  Catal.  Proc.  Am. 

Assoc.  Ad.  Sci.,  Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
conoideus,  Hall,  1856,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  shaped  like 

a  cone.] 
cornutus,  see  Granatocrinus  cornutus. 
curtus.,  see  Granatocrinus  curtus. 
decussatus,    Shumard,   1858,   Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.   Sci.,  Low.   Carb.     [Sig. 

cross  marked — arranged  in  pairs  that 

alternately  cross  each  other.] 
elegans,    Lyon,    1860,   Trans.    St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  ele- 
gant.] 
elongatus,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep.  Mo., 

Encrinital  limestone.       [Sig.    length- 
ened.] 
florealis,   Schlotheim,   18  20,   syn.  for  P. 

godoni. 
globosus,  Say,  as  identified  by  Troos^  1850, 

probably  Pentremites  sulcatus. 
godoni,   DeFrance,  1818,  Diet.  Sci.  Nat., 

Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
granulatus,  see  Granatocrinus  granulatus. 
grosvenori,   Shumard,  1858,  Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
koninckianus,  Hall,  1856,Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.   4,   Warsaw    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
laterniformis,   Owen   &   Shumard,    1850, 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2d  series,  vol.  2, 

Chester  Gr.     [Sig.  lantern-formed.] 
leda,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.   Rep.  N.  Y, 

Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
lineatus,  Shumard,  185*8,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.    Sci.,    Burlington    Gr.       [Sig. 

marked  with  lines.] 
longicostalis,  Hall,   1860,   Supp.  to  Geo. 

Iowa,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  long-ribbed.] 
lycorias,  Hall,  1862, 15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


maia,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
melo,  see  Granatocrinus  melo. 
missouriensis,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
norwoodi,  see  Granatocrinus  norwoodi. 
obesus,  Lyon,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3, 

Kaskaskia  Gr.      [Sig.   fat,   plump  in 

form.] 
obliquaius,  syn.  for  P.  laterniformis. 
oralis,  Owen.    Not  defined, 
pyriformis,  Say,   1825,   Jour.    Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  4,  Kaskaskia  Gr.    [Sig. 

from  the  pyriform  body.] 
.  reinwardti,  Troost,  1835,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc. 

Penn.,    vol.    1,    Niagara    Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
robustus,  Lyon,    1860,   Trans.  St.    Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  robust.] 
roemeri,  see  Granatocrinus  roemeri. 
sayi,  see  Granatocrinus  sayi. 
sirius,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 

Hist.,  vol.  9,   Burlington   Gr.      [Ety. 

sirius,  the  dog  star.] 
stelliformn,  see  Codonites  stelliformis. 
subconoideus,  Meek,  1872,  Hayden's  Geo. 

Rep.    Low.    Carb.      [Sig.    somewhat 

cone-like.] 
subcylindricus,  Hall  &  AVhitfield,    1875, 

Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

somewhat  cylindrical.] 
subtruncatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  of  Iowa, 

Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  somewhat  truncated.] 
sulcatus,  Roemer,  1852,  Monog.  Blastoid., 

Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  furrowed.] 
symmetricus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  symmetrical.] 
tennesseese,  Troost.     Not  defined, 
troosti,  Shumard,  1866,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci ,  Kaskaskia  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
truncatus,  Conrad,  1843,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.   Phil.,   Warsaw  Gr.      [Sig.   trun- 
cated.] 
-v^rsouviensis,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
verneuili,  see  Nucleocrinus  verneuili. 
whitii,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
woodmani,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
wortheni,   Hall,   1858,  Geo.   Rep.   Iowa, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Petraster,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  3.     [Ety.  petros,  a  stone;   aster, 

a  star.]     Prof.  Hall  regards  this  genus 

as  a  synonym  for  Palseaster. 
bellulus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  pretty.] 
rigidus,  Billings,  1857,  (Palaeasterina  rigi- 

dus)  Rep.  of  Progr.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

rigid.] 
wilberianus,  see  Palseaster  wilberianus. 
Philocrinus,    Koninck,     1863.     [Ety.    philos, 

favorite ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 


pelvis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,   2nd  series,  vol.   39.        Syn.    for 

Erisocrinus  typus. 
Pholidocidaris,    Meek    &    Worthen,   1869, 

Proc.   Acad.   Nat.    Sci.    Phil.      [Ety. 

pholidos,  a  scale ;  kideris,  a  turban.] 
irregularis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,   Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  irregular.] 
Physetocrinus,    Meek    &    Worthen,    1869, 

Proc.    Acad.    Nat.    Sci.    Phil.     [Ety. 

j)hysetos,  blown  up,  inflated ;  krinon,  a 

liiy-J 

asper,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  rough.] 

dilatatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  (Stro- 
tocrinus  dilatatus)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  spread 
out.] 

subventricosus,  McChesney,  1860,  (Acti- 
nocrinus  subventricosus)  Desc.  New 
Pal.  Foss.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  some- 
what ventricose.] 
Platycrinus,  Miller,  1821,  Nat.  Hist.,  Cri- 
noidea.     [Ety.  platys,   flat;    krinon,  a 

lily-] 

eequalis,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crin., 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  equal.] 

americanus,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1852,  Jour. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

anndixoni,  Troost.     Not  defined. 

asper,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  rough.] 

bedfordensis,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 
Pal.,  vol.  2,»Erie  shales.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

brevinodus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Cri- 
noidea,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig.  short- 
knotted.] 

burlingtonensis,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1850, 
Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  2, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

calyculus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoi- 
"dea,  Burlington  Gr.    [Sig.  a  little  cup.] 

canaliculars,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  channeled, 
grooved.] 

cavus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  vol.  1, 
pt.  2,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  hollow, 
concave.] 

clytis,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
"  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  remarkable.] 

contritus,  Hall,  1863,  Crin.  Wav.  Sands. 
Ohio,  Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  worn  out.] 

corrugatus,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1850,  Jour. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Burling- 
ton Gr.       [Sig.  corrugated,  wrinkled.] 

depressus,  Owen.     Not  defined. 

discoideus,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1850,  Jour. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2d  series,  vol.  2,  Bur- 
lington Gr.  [Sig.  quoit-shaped,  disc- 
like.] 

eboraceus,  Hall,  18  2.  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  eboracum,  Latin 
name  for  York.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


87 


elegans,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoiclea, 

Burlington,  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
eminulus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoi- 

dea,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  projecting 

a  little.] 
eriensis,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
excavatus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoi- 

dea,  Burlington  Gr.      [Sig.  hollowed 

out.] 
exsertus,   Hall,   1858,   Geo.    Rep.   Iowa, 

Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  projecting,  thrust 

forth.] 
georgii,   Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Iowa  Geo. 

Rep.,    Warsaw,    Gr.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
glyptus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington,  Gr.     [Sig.  sculptured.] 
graphicus,  Hall,  1863,  Crin.  Wav.  Sands 

Ohio,  Waverly  Gr.    [Sig.  written  on.] 
halli,   Shumard,   18(56,  Trans.  St.    Louis 

Acad.    Sci.,    vol.   2,    Burlington    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
haydeni,  Meek,  1872,  Hayden's  Geo.  Rep., 

Low.  Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hemisphericus,  Meek  &  AVorthen,  1865, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  Keokuk 

Gr.     [Sig.  hemispherical.] 
huntsvillse,  Troost.     Not  defined, 
incomptus,  White,  1863,  Jour.  Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  7,  Burlington  Gr.    [Sig. 

unadorned.] 
inornatm,  syn.  for  P.  burlingtonensis. 
insculptus,  Troost.     Not  defined, 
leai,  Lyon,  1860,  Trans.  Am.  Phil.   Soc, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lodensis,  Hall  &  Whitfield,   1875,  Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Waverly  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
montanaensis,  Meek,  1871,  Hayden's  Geo. 

Rep.  Low.  Carb.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
multibrachiatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861, 

Proc.   Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Warsaw 

Gr.     [Sig.  many-armed.] 
niotensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1865,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.  Sci.    Phil.,    Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
nodobrachiatus,    Hall,    1858,   Geo.  Rep. 

Iowa,   Burlington   Gr.     [Sig.   having 

knotty  arms.] 
nodulosus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Burlington   Gr.     [Sig.    covered    with 

small  knots.] 
nucleiformis,    Hall,    1858,  Geo.     Rep. 

Iowa,   Burlington   Gr.      [Sig.   in  the 

shape  of  a  kernel.] 
olla,   Hall,   1861,   Desc.   New  Crinoidea, 

but  the  name  was  preoccupied  and 

Shumard  proposed  for  the  species,  P. 

halli. 
ornogranulus,   McChesney,   Syn.    for    P. 

americanus. 
oweni,    Meek  &  Worthen,   1861,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
papillatus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoi- 
dea, Burlington  Gr.    [Sig.  shaped  like 

a  bud.] 


parvinodus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crin- 
oidea, Burlington  Gr.      [Sig.    having 

small  knots.] 
parvulus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.  Phil.;  Chester  Gr. 

[Sig.  very  small.] 
parvus,  Hall,  1859,   Pal.   N.   Y.,  vol.   3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  small.] 
penicillus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  small  brush.] 
perasper,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  very  rough.] 
pileiformis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  like 

a  small  cap.] 
planus,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1850,   Jour. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  2, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  plain,  level.] 
plenus,  Meek  &  Worthen,    1860,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  full,  large.] 
pleurovimineus,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Ety.  pleuron,  the  side;  vimineus,  made 

of  wicker  work.] 
plumosus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  feathery.] 
pocilliformis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Burlington  Gr.    [Sig.  like 

a  little  cup.] 
polydactylm,  Troost.     Not  defined, 
prpematurus,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  prema- 
ture.] 
prattenianus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  Sept.  1860, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  St.  Louis 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pumilis,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Iowa, 

Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  a  dwarf.] 
quinquenodus,  AVhite,  1862,  Proc.  Bost. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  five-noded.] 
ramulosus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  full  of  branches.] 
regalis,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.   [Sig.  royal,  splendid.] 
richfieldensis,   Hall  &  Whitfield,    1875, 

Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2,  Waverly  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
saffordi,  Troost,  1850,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep. 

Iowa,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
sarfe,  Hall,   1858,  Geo.   Rep.   Iowa,   St, 

Louis  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
scobina,   Meek  &  Worthen,  1861,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat,  Sci.,  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  rasp.] 
sculptus,   Hall,   1858,   Geo.   Rep.    Iowa, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  engraved.] 
shumardianus,    Hall,    1858,    Geo.    Rep. 

Iowa,   vol.    1,   pt.  2,  Burlington   Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
striobrachiatus,   Hall,   1861,   Desc.   New 

Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  hav- 
ing striated  arms.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


subspinosus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  spiny.] 

subspinulosus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo. 
Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat 
full  of  little  spines.] 

tennesseensis,  Roemer,  1860,  80.  Fauna 
West  Tenn.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

tentaculatus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  having 
feelers.] 

tenuibrachiatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sei.  Phil.,  Burling- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  slender-armed.] 

truncatulus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  trun 
cated.] 

truncatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  truncated,  cut 
short.] 

tuberosus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  covered  with 
protuberances.  ] 

verrucosus,  White,  1863,  Jour.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  7,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  covered  with  wart-like    projec- 
tions.] 
wortheni,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  vol. 

1,  pt.  2,  Burlington  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

yandelli,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1850,  Jour. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Bur- 
lington Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pleurocystites,  Billings,  1854,  Can.  Jour., 
vol.  2.  [Ety.  pleuron,  the  side ;  kustis, 
a  bladder.] 

anticostiensis,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of 
Progr.  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

elegans,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 

exornatus,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  adorned.] 

filitextus,  Biljings,  1854,  Can.  Jour.,  vol. 

2,  Trenton    Gr.     [Sig.      woven    like 
thread.] 

robustus,  Billings,  1854,  Can.  Jour.,  vol. 

2,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  robust.] 
squamosus,   Billings,    1854,   Can.    Jour., 

vol.  2,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  scaly.] 
Pokocrinus,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr. 

[Ety.  from  the  poriferous  areas  sim- 
ilar to  the  pectinated  rhombs  of  the 

cystidea.] 
conicus,  Billings,  1857,   Rep.   of  Progr., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  conical.] 
crassus,   Meek  &   Worthen,   1868,   Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig.  thick.] 
pentagonus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig. 

five-cornered.] 
Poteriocrinus,  Miller,  1821,  Nat.  Hist.  Cri- 

noidea.        [Ety.    poterion,    a    goblet ; 

krinon,  a  lily.] 
aequalis,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Iowa, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  equal.] 
alternatus,  see  Homocrinus  alternatus. 


barrisi,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
bayensis,  see  Scaphiocrinus  bayensis. 
bisselli,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.   Sur.   111., 

vol.   5,   Chester    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.  ] 
bursiformis,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.    Hist.,   vol.   9,    Burlington    Gr. 

[Sig.  purse-shaped.] 
caducms,  see  Dendrocnnus  caduceus. 
calyculus,  Hall,   1858,   Geo.   Rep.  Iowa, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  cup.] 
carbonarius,  see    Scaphiocrinus  carbona- 

rius. 
carinatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  keeled.] 
concinnus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,   Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  handsome.] 
coreyi,  AVorthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol. 

6,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
corycia,  Hall,   1863,   Crin.    Wav.   Sands. 

Ohio,  Waverly  Gr.     [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 
crineus,  Hall,  1863,   Crin.  Wav.    Sands. 

Ohio,  Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  hairy.] 
cultidactylus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.   to  Geo. 

Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  elegantly 

fingered.] 
cylindricus,  Lyon,  1860,  Trans.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc,  vol.  13,  Devonian.     [Sig.  cylin- 
drical.] 
decadactyhw,  see  Scaphiocrinus  decadac- 

tylus. 
diffusus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  spread-out.] 
dilatatus,  see  Coeliocrinus  dilatatus. 
divaricatus,   Hall,   1860,    Supp.   to  Geo. 

Iowa,  Warsaw  Gr.    [Sig.  spread-out.] 
enormis,  see  Cyathocrinus  enormia. 
florcalis,  see  Zeacrinus  florealis. 
fusiformis,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoi- 
dea,  Burlington  Gr.      [Sig.    spindle- 
shaped.] 
gracilis,  see  Homocrinus  gracilis, 
hardinensis,   Worthen,   1873,   Geo.   Sur. 

111.,  vol.  5,  St.  Louis  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
hemisphericus,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.   Sci.,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

hemispherical.] 
hoveyi,   Worthen,   1875,  Geo.   Sur.   111., 

vol.   6,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
indentus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  indented.] 
indianensis,    Meek  &  Worthen,    1865, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.   Phil.,  Keokuk 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
keokuk,  Hall.  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Rep. 

Iowa,   Keokuk  Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
lasallensis,  AVorthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lepidus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


longidactylus,  Shumard,  1855.     This  name 

was  preoccupied,   and  the  species  is 

now  named  P.  missouriensis. 
macoupinensis,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  5,   Up.   Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
manifbrmis,  see  Zeacrinus  maniformis. 
meekianus,   Shumard,   1855,   Geo.    Rep. 

Mo.,   Encrinital    limestone.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
missouriensis,   Shumard,   185  7,    Trans. 

St.   Louis  Acad.   Sci.,  St.   Louis  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
montanaensis,    Meek,     1872,     Hayden's 

Geo.  Rep.,  Low.  Carb.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
municipalis,  Troost.     Not  defined, 
nassa,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  wicker  basket  with 

a  narrow  neck.] 
nereus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
norwoodi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
nvcteus,  Hall,  1862, 15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
obuncus,  White,  1862,   Proc.   Bost.   Soc. 

Nat.    Hist.,   vol.  9,  Burlington   Gr. 

[Sig.  bent  in,  hooked.] 
occhdentalis,  see    Agassizocrinus  occiden- 

talis. 
perplexus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  intricate.] 
pisiformis,     Roemer,    1860,    Sil.    Fauna 

West  Tenn.,  Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.  pea- 
shaped.] 
pleias,  Hall,  1863,  Crin.Wav.  Sands.  Ohio; 

Waverly  Gr.     [Ety.  Pleias,  one  of  the 

seven  stars,  a  Pleiad.] 
posticus,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Sig.  posterior,  the  back  part.] 
proboscidialis,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  having 

a  proboscis.] 
rhombiferus,   Owen  &    Shumard,    1852, 

Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Iowa  &  Minn.,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  bearing  rhombs.] 
rugosus,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  wrinkled.] 
salignoides,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost,  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 

like  willow-work.] 
simplex,  Lyon,  1860,  Trans.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc.  vol.  13,  Devonian.     [Sig.  simple.] 
solidus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  solid,  compact.] 
spinosus,  see  Zeacrinus  spinosus. 
subimpressus,   Meek   &  Worthen,  1861, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  Burling- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  slightly  indented.] 
subtumidus,    Meek    &    Worthen,    1865, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  Kaskaskia 

Gr.  [Sig."  somewhat  swollen  or  tumid.] 


swallovi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
tenuibrachiatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  Burling- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  slender-armed.] 
ienuidactylus,  see  Scaphiocrinus  tenuidac- 

tylus. 
tumidus,  see  Agassizocrinus  tumidus. 
vanhornei,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
ventricosus,  see  Cceliocrinus  ventricosus. 
verticillus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  whorled,  verti- 

cillate.] 
wachsmuthi,    see    Scaphiocrinus   wachs- 

muthi. 
Protaster,  Forbes,  1849,  Mem.   Geo.  Sur. 

Great  Britain,  Decade  1.    [Ety.  protos, 

first;   aster,  star.] 
barrisi,  see  Onychaster  barrisi. 
forbesi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.   N.   Y.,  vol.   3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
granuliferus,  Meek,  1872,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

3rd  ser.,  vol.  3,  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Sig.  bear- 
ing granules.] 
gregarius,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,    Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  found  in  flocks.] 
Pterotocrinus,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1860,  Am. 

Jour.   Sci.,   vol.   29.      [Ety.  pterotos, 

feathered ;   krinon,  a  lily.] 
capitalis,  Lyon,  1857,  (Astrocrinus  capi- 

talis)  Geo.  Sur.   Ky.,  vol.  3,  Chester 

Gr.     [Sig.  relating  to  the  head.] 
chesterensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  I860,  (Ac- 

tinocrinus  chesterensis)   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,   Chester  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
cornigerus,  Shumard,  1857,  (Dichocrinus 

cornigerus)  Trans.  St.  Louis,  Acad.  Sci. 

Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  horned.] 
coronarius,  Lyon,  1857,  (Asterocrinus  cor- 

onarius)  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3,  Chester 

Gr.     [Sig.  wreathed,  crowned.] 
crassus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Dicho- 
crinus crassus)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil.,  Chester  Gr.    [Sig.  thick.] 
depressus,   Lyon  &  Casseday,  1860,  Am. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  29,  Chester  Gr.    [Sig. 

depressed.] 
pyramidalis,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1860,  Am. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  29,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig. 

pointed  like  a  pyramid.] 
rugosus,   Lyon  &    Casseday,  1860,  Am. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  29,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig. 

wrinkled.] 
sexlobatus,  Shumard,  1857,  (Dichocrinus 

sexlobatus)    Trans.   St.   Louis  Acad. 

Sci.,  Kaskaskia,  Gr.     [Sig.  six-lobed.] 
Ptilonaster,  Hall,  1868,  syn.  for  Palseocoma. 

princeps,  see  Palseocoma  princeps. 
Pygorhynchus,  Agassiz,  1839.      [Ety.  pygos, 

solid ;  rhynchos,  beak.] 
gouldi,  Bonve,  1846,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 

Hist.,  Kaskaskia  (?)  Gr.   [Ety.  proper 

name.] 


90 


ECHINODERMATA. 


Retiocrinus,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem. 

Decade  4.      [Ety.  retium,  net ;  krinon, 

a  lily.] 
fimbriatus,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem. 

Decade  4,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  fringed.] 
stellaris,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem. 

Decade  4,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.   rayed 

like  a  star.] 
Rhodocrinus,  Miller,  1821,  Nat.  Hist.  Crin- 

oidea.     [Ety.  rhodon,  a  rose ;  krinon,  a 

lily-] 

asperatus,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem. 

Decade   4,    Chazy  Gr.      [Sig.   made 

rough,  uneven.] 
barrisi,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
barrisi  var.  divergens,    Hall,  1861,  Desc. 

New  Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig. 

divergent,  separating.] 
gracilis,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 
halli,  Lyon,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

Phil.,  Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
melissa,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,   Niagara  Gr.      [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
microbasalis,  see  Thysanocrinus  microba- 

salis. 
nanus,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1866,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  dwarfish.] 
nodulosus.  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham.   Gr.      [Sig.   covered  with 

small  knots.] 
pyriformis,  see  Thysanocrinus  pyriformis. 
rectus,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.     [Sig.  straight.] 
spinosus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham.   Gr.      [Sig.    covered    with 

many  spines.] 


varsoviensis,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  Geo.  Rep. 
Iowa, 
name.] 


Iowa,    Warsaw    Gr.       [ 


p.  <j< 

Ety. 


proper 


wachsmuthi,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crin- 
oidea, Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  proper 
name.] 

whitii,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr:     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

whitii  var.  burlingtonensis,  Hall,  1861, 
Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

wortheni,   Hall,  1858,   Geo.   Rep.   Iowa, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

Saccocrinus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  sakkos,  a  bag  or  sack ;  krinon,  a 

my-] 

christyi,  Hall,  1863,  (Actinocrinus  chris- 
tyi)  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  Niagara 
Gr.  This  species  was  called  by  Win- 
chell  &  Marcy,  1865,  Megistocrinus 
marcouanus,  and  again  by  Hall,  in 
1865,  Saccocrinus  whitfieldi. 

ornatus,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 
vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  adorned.] 

semiradiatus,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  half-rayed.] 


speciosus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

tennesseensis,  Troost,  Ms.,  Hall  &  Whit- 
field, 1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

whitfieldi,  Hall,  1867,  (Actinocrin.us  chris- 
tyi, 1863)  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara  Gr. 
This  name  must  be  regarded  as  a  syn- 
onym for  Saccocrinus  christyi  as  well 
as  Megistocrinus  marcouanus,  unless 
the  fossil  should  be  referred  to  the 
genus  Actinocrinus,  in  which  case,  the 
specific  name  christyi  being  preoccu- 
pied, marcouanus  would  have  the 
preference. 
Scaphiocrinus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa. 
[Ety.  scaphion,  a  skiff;   krinon,  a  lily.] 

abnormis,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  abnormal.] 

aegina,  Hall,  1863,  Desc.  New  Crin.  Wav- 
erly  sandstone,  Waverly  Gr.  [Ety. 
mythological  name.] 

sequalis,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crin., 
Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  equal.] 

bayensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Chester  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

carbonarius,  Meek  &  Worthen,  18  61, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Up.  Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.  from  the  coal  measures.] 

carinatus.  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crin., 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  keeled.] 

clio,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Ety. 
mythological  name.] 

coreyi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

dactyliformis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  finger-shaped.] 

decabrachiatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep. 
Iowa,  KaskaskiaGr.  [Sig.  ten-armed.] 

decadactylus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860, 
(Poteriocrinus  decadactylus)  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Ety.  ten-fingered.]  P.  decadactylus 
was  preoccupied. 

delicatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  delicate.] 

depressus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  depressed.] 

dichotomus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  dividing  into 
two.] 

divaricatus,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geol. 
Iowa.  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  wide 
apart.] 

doris,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

fiscellus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  small  basket  of  woven  slender 
twigs.] 

halli,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


91 


huntsvillje,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  5,  St.  Louis  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

internodius,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig.  from  the  length 
of  the  joints.] 

juvenis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  young.] 

liriope,  Hall,  1863,  (spelled  lyri'ope  as 
published,)  Crin.  Wav.  Sands.  Ohio, 
Waverly  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

longidactylus,  McChesney,  1860,  New 
Pal.  Foss.,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig.  long- 
fingered.] 

macadamsi,  Wortlien,1873,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  5,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

macrodactylus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat  Sci.  Phil.,  Burling- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  long-fingered.] 

nanus,  Meek  &  "Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  dwarfish.] 

nodobrachiatus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New 
Crinoidea,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  arms 
nodose.] 

notabilis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  noteworthy,  extraordinary.] 

orbicularis,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crin- 
oidea, Keokuk  Gr.   [Sig.  orb-shaped.] 

penicillus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  little  brush.] 

ramulosus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoi- 
dea, Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  full  of  little 
branches.] 

randolphensis,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  5,  Chester  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

robustus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoi- 
dea, Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  robust.] 

rudis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  rude,  rough,  coarse.] 

rusticellus,  White,  1863,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.7,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
a  little  rough,  rustic] 

scalaris,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  resembling  a  ladder.] 

scoparius,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  a  sweeper.] 

simplex,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  simple.] 

spinobrachiatus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New 
Crinoidea,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
spiny-armed.] 

striatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  striated.] 

subcarinatus,  Hall,  1863,  Crin.  Wav. 
Sands.  Ohio,  Waverly  Gr.  [Sig.  some- 
what keeled.] 


subtortuosus,    Hall,     1863,     Crin.    Wav. 

Sands.,  Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat 

twisted.] 
tenuidactylus,    Meek  &  AVorthen,  1865, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington 

Gr.     [Sig.  slender-fingered.] 
tethys,    Meek  &  AVorthen,  1869,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Ety.  mythological  name.] 
tortuosus,   Hall,  1861,  Desc.    New   Crin- 
oidea, Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  twisted.] 
unicus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  unique.] 
wachsmuthi,    Meek  &  Worthen,    1861, 

(Poteriocrinus    wachsmuthi)     Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
whitii,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Schizocrinus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  schiza,  a  cleft,  in  allusion  to  the 

cleft  or  double  interscapular  plates; 

krinon,  a  lily.] 
nodosus,   Hall,   1847,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  knobbed.] 
striatus,   Hall,   1847,  Pal.   N.  Y,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  striated.] 
Sch^enaster,  Meek  &  AVorthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2.  [Ety.  schoinos,  a  rope ; 

aster,  a  star.] 
fimbriatus,  Meek  &  AVorthen,  1860,  (Pal- 

seasterina  fimbriatus, )Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  St.  Louis  Gr.  [Sig.  fringed.] 
wachsmuthi,    Meek    &    Worthen,  1866, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Barling- 
ton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Scyphocrinus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  scyplws,  a  little  cup;  krinon,  a 

lily-] 
heterocostalis,    Hall,  1847,    Pal.  N.  Y, 

vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.      [Ety.  heteros,  ir- 

regalar;  costalis,  ribbed.] 
SpJuvrocrinus,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1866.    The 

name  was  preoccupied   by   Roemer, 

and  the  authors  substituted  Coelocrinus 

for  it. 
Sph.erocystites,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3.     [Ety.  sphaira,  a  sphere  from  the 

spheroidal  form  of  the  body ;   kustis,  a 

bladder.] 
multifasciatus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y, 

vol.  3,  Low.   Held.   Gr.     [Sig.  many 

banded.] 
Steganocrinus,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  steganos, 

covered ;   krinon,  a  lily.] 
araneolus,  Meek  &  AVorthen,  1860,  (Acti- 

nocrinus  araneolus)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.   Phil.,   Burlington  Gr.      [Sig.   a 

small  spider.] 
pentagonus,   Hall,    1858,    (Actinocrinus 

pentagonus)  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa,  vol.  1,  pt. 

2,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  pentagonal.] 
Stenaster,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  3.     [Ety.  stenos,  narrow,  in  al- 
lusion to  the  contracted  body ;  aster,  a 

star.] 


92 


ECHINODERMATA. 


grandis,  Meek,  1872,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd 
series,  vol.  3,  Cin'ti  Gr.      [Sig.  great.] 

huxleyi,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

pulchellus,  Billings/1857,  (Palseaster  pul- 
chella)  Eep.  of  Progr.  Trenton  Gr. 
[Sig.  minutely  beautiful.] 

salteri,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  3,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Stephanocrinus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8.  [Ety.  Stephanos,  a  cor- 
onet; krinon,  a  lily.] 

angulatus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  vol.  8,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  angular.] 

gemmiformis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  bud-shaped.] 
Strobilocystites,  White,  1876,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci..     [Ety.  strobiios,  a  pine  cone ; 
kustis,  a  bladder.] 

calvini,  White,  1876,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Strotocrinus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  strotos,  spread; 
krinon,  a  lily.] 

segilops,  Hall,  1860,  ( Actinocrinus  segilops) 
Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Sig.  a  sweet  acorn.] 

asperrimus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  extremely  rough.] 

dUatatus,  see  Physetocrinus  dilatatus. 

ectvpus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
'Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  engraved  in  relief,  embossed.] 

glyptus,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus  glyp- 
tus)  Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  sculptured.] 

insculptus,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus  in- 
sculptus)  Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  engraved.] 

liratus,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus  liratus) 
Supp.  Iowa  Geo.  Rep.,  vol.  1,  pt. 
2,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  furrowed, 
ridged.] 

perumbrosus,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus 
perumbrosus)  Supp.  to  vol.  1,  pt.  2, 
Iowa  Geo.  Rep.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
very  shady.] 

regalis,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus  regalis) 
Supp.  to  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Sig.  regal,  splendid.] 

rudis,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus  rudis) 
Supp.  to  Geo.  Sur.  Iowa,  Burlington 
Gr.    [Sig.  rude.] 

tenuiradiatus,  Hall,  1861,  (Actinocrinus 
tenuiradiatus)  Desc.  New  Crinoidea, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  slender-armed.] 

tholus,  Hall,  1860,  (Actinocrinus  tholus) 
Supp.  to  Geo.  Iowa,  Burlington  Gr 
[Sig.  a  dome,  a  rotunda.] 

umbrosus,  Hall,  1858,  (Actinocrinus  um- 
brosus) Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  vol.  1,  pt.  2, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  shady,  umbrella- 
like.] 
Synbathocrinus,  Phillips,  1836,  Geol.  York- 
shire. [Ety.  syn,  together;  baden, 
walking ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 


brevis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig. 

short.] 
dentatus,  Owen  &  Shumard,   1852,  Geo. 

Sur.  Wis.,  Iowa  &  Minn.,  Burlington 

Gr.     [Sig.  toothed.] 
granulatm,  Troost.     Not  defined, 
matutinus,   Hall,    1858,    Geo.    of    Iowa, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  in  the  morning.] 
oweni,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
papillatus,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crin- 
oidea, Burlington  Gr.    [Sig.  bud-like.] 
swallovi,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  St. 

Louis  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
tennesseex,  Troost.     Not  defined, 
tennesseensis,  Roemer,  1860,   Sil.  Fauna 

West  Tenn.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
robustus,  Shumard,  1866,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Warsaw  Gr.   [Sig.  robust.] 
wachsmuthi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  see 

Catillocrinus  wachsmuthi. 
wachsmuthi,    Meek  &    Worthen,    1869, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burling- 
ton Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
wortheni,   Hall,   1858,   Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Burlington  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Syringocrinus,   Billings,    1859,    Can.    Org. 

Rem.,  Decade  4.    [Ety.  syrinx,  a  pipe; 

krinon,  a  lily.] 
paradoxicus,  Billings,    1859,    Can.    Org. 

Rem.,  Decade  4,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

puzzling,  questionable.] 
T.ENi aster,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  3.    [Ety.  tainia,  a  ribbon  ;  aster, 

a  star.] 
cylindricus,   Billings,  1857,  (Palseocrinus 

cylindrica)   Rep.   of   Progr.,   Trenton 

Gr.     [Sig.  cylindrical.] 
spinosus,    Billings,    1857,     (Palseocrinus 

spinosa)  Rep.  of  Progr.,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  covered  with  many  spines.] 
Taxocrinus,  Phillips,  1843,  Morris  Cat.  Brit. 

Foss.        [Ety.    taxus,  the  yew   tree ; 

krinon,  a  lily.] 
gracilis,   Meek  &  Worthen,   1865,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

slender.] 
interscapularis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  of  Iowa, 

Ham.  Gr.  -  [Sig.  spaced  between  the 

shoulder  pieces.] 
nuntius,  Hall,  1862,  (Forbesiocrinus  nun- 

tius)  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  messenger,  an  interpreter.] 
semiovatus,   Meek  &    Worthen,   18  60, 

(Forbesiocrinus  semiovatus)    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  half-ovate.] 
thiemii,  Hall,  1861,  (Forbesiocrinus  thie- 

mei)  Desc.  New  Crinoidea,  Burlington 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Technocrinus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

proposed  as  a  subgenus  of  Mariacrinus. 

[Ety.  techne,  art ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
andrewsi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Oriskany    sandstone.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


sculptus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  engraved, 
sculptured.] 

spinulosis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  covered 
with  little  spines.] 

striatus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  striated.] 
Thysanockinus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 
[Ety.  thysanos,  fringed ;  from  the  fim- 
briated arms  or  fingers  of  the  species ; 
krinon,  a  lily.] 

aculeatus,  Hall,  1852,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
,    Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  armed  with  sharp 
points.] 

canaliculars,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y., 
vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  channeled, 
grooved.] 

immaturus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  not  mature,  not 
full  grown.] 

liliiformis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  lily-shaped.] 

microbasalis,  Billings,  1857,  (Rhodocrinus 
microbasalis)  Rep.  of  Progr.,  Trenton 
Gr.     [Sig.  having  a  small  base.] 

pyriformis,   Billings,  1857,  (Rhodocrinus 
pyriformis)  Rep.  of    Progr.,    Trenton 
Gr.     [Sig.  pear-shaped.]  — 
Trematocrinus,  syn.  for  Goniasteroidocrinus. 

fiscellus,  see  Goniasteroidocrinus  fiscellus. 

papillatus,  see  G.  papillatus. 

reticulatus,  see  G.  reticulatus. 

robustus,  see  G.  robustus. 

spinigei-us,  see  G.  spinigerus. 

tubercvlatm,  see  G.  tuberculatus. 

typus,  see  G.  typus. 
Vasocrinus,  Lyon,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol. 
3.     [Ety.  vas,  a  vessel ;  krinon,  a  lily.] 

sculptus,  Lyon,  1857, Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,vol.  3, 
Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  sculptured.] 

valens,  Lyon,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3, 
Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  strong,  vigor- 
ous.] 
Zeackinus,  Troost,  Catal.  Foss.,  1850,  and 
described  by  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Iowa. 
[Ety.  zea,  indian  corn;   krinon,  a  lily.] 

acanthophorus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  spine-bearing.] 

arboreus,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  5,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  tree-like.] 

armiger,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Chester  Gr. 
[Sig.  armed.] 

asper,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
rough.] 

bifurcatus,  McChesney,  1860,  New  Pal. 
Foss.,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig.  bifur- 
cated.] 

cariniferus,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  5,  St.  Louis  Gr.  [Sig.  keel- 
bearing.] 

compactilis,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  5,  St.  Louis  Gr.  [Sig.  com- 
pact, pressed  together.] 


crassus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Cyath- 
ocrinus  crassus)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 
Phil.,  Low.  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  thick.] 

crateriformis,  Troost.     Not  defined. 

depressus,  Troost,  as  defined  by  Hall, 
1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Chester  Gr. 
[Sig.  depressed.] 

discus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  a  quoit.] 

elegans,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 

florealis,  Yandell  &  Shumard,  1847,  (Cy- 
athocrinus  florealis)  Cont.  to  Geol.  Ky. 
Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  flower-like.] 

formosus,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  5,  Chester  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

intermedius,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  intermediate.] 

lyra,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
a  lute,  a  stringed  instrument.] 

magnoliaformis,  Owen  &  Norwood,  1846, 
(Cyathocrinus  magnoliaformis)  Re- 
search Pot.  Carb.  Rocks  Ky.,  Kaskas- 
kia Gr.     [Sig.  magnolia-like.] 

maniformis,  Yandell  &  Shumard,  1847, 
(Poteriocrinus  maniformis)  Contribu- 
tions to  the  Geo.  of  Ky.,  Kaskaskia 
Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  hand.] 

merope,  Hall,  1863,  Extract  from  17th 
Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y,  Waverly  Gr.  [Ety. 
mythological  name.] 

mucrospinus,  McChesney,  1859,  New 
Pal.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  sharp- 
spined.] 

ovalis,  Lyon  &  Casseday,  1859,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.,  vol.  28,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig.  egg- 
shaped.] 

paternus,  Hall,  1863,  Crin.'Wav.  Sands. 
Ohio,  Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  paternal.] 

perangulatus,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  very  angular.] 

planobrachiatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk 
Gr.     [Sig.  smooth-armed.] 

ramosus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  branching.] 

sacculus,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.9,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
a  little  bag.] 

sacculus  var  concinnus,  White,  1862, 
Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

scobina,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  rasp.] 

scoparius,  Hall,  1861,  Desc.  New  Crinoi- 
dea,  Burlington  Gr.   [Sig.  a  sweeper.] 

serratus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  serrated.] 

spinosus,  Owen  &  Shumard,  1852,  (Pote- 
riocrinus spinosus,)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig.  spiny.] 


94 


ECHINODERMATA. 


stimpsoni,  Lyon,  1869,  Trans.  Am.  Phil. 
Soc,  vol.  13,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

subtumidus,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  5,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig.  some- 
what tumid  or  swollen.] 


troostianus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
wortheni,  Hall,  1858,   Geo.   Rep.   Iowa, 

Kaskaskia,  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 


Belemnocrinus  florifer,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer,  1877,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts,  3rd  series, 
vol.  13,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  flower-bearing — the  appearance  is  that  of  a  bouquet 
of  flowers  in  a  conical  vase.] 
pourtalesi,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer,  1877,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts,  3d  series,  vol.  13, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.]  These  authors  have  pointed  out  the  family 
relationship  of  the  genus  Belemnocrinus  with  Apiocrinus  and  the  genus  should 
therefore  be  classed  with  the  Apiocrinida?. 

Eucladocrinus,  Meek,  1871,  proposed  as  a  subgenus  of  Platycrinus  and  founded  upon  P. 
montanaensis. 


SUB-KINGDOM    MOLLUSCA. 


First  Class, 
Second  Class, 
Third  Class, 
Fourth  Class, 
Fifth  Class, 
Sixth  Class, 


BRYOZOA. 

BRACHIOPODA. 

PTEROPODA. 

GASTEROPODA. 

CEPHALOPODA. 

LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


CLASS     BRYOZOA. 


FAMILY  CELLEPORID.E.— Flustra,  Paleschara,  Sagenella. 

FAMILY  ESCHARID^E. — Arthroclema,  Clathropora,  Coscinium,  Eschara,  Escharopora, 

Glauconome,     Helopora,     Intricaria,    Phsenopora,    Ptilodictya,     Semicoscinium, 

Stictopora. 
FAMILY  CRISIDjE.— Alecto,  Hippothoa. 
FAMILY  RETEPORID^E.—  Archimedes,  Botryllopora,  Carinopora,  Cryptopora,  Evaeti- 

nopora,  Fenestella,  Fenestralia,  Gorgonia,  (?)  Hemitrypa,  Ichthyorachis,  Lyropora, 

Phyllopora,  Polypora,  Ptilopora,  Retepora,  Septopora,  Synocladia,  Tteniopora. 
FAMILY  THAMNISCIDiE.— Thamniscus. 
FAMILY  TUBULIPORID^E.— Callopora,   Ceramopora,  Ceriopora,  Cyclopora,  Hornera, 

Lichenalia,  Rhinopora,  Trematopora. 


Alecto,  Lamouroux,  1821,  Exposi.  Method. 
[Ety.  mythological  name.] 

auloporoides,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 
vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  like  AuloporaJ] 

canadensis,  Nicholson,  1875,  Can.  Nat. 
&  Geol.,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

confusa,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 
2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  confused.] 

frondosa,  James,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 
Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  branchy.] 

inflata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  in- 
flated.] 

nexilis,  James,  1875,  Int.  to  Catal.  Cin. 
Foss.,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig.  wreathed  to- 
gether.] 
Archimedes,  LeSueur,  1842,  (Retepora  arch- 
imedes)  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  43.  [Ety. 
from  its  resemblance  to  the  machine 
for  raising  water,  consisting  of  a  tube 
rolled  in  a  spiral  form  round  a  cylin- 
der, invented  by  Archimedes,  a  Greek 
mathematician.] 


laxa,  Hall,  1857,   Proc.   Am.   Ass'n  Ad. 

Sci.,   vol.   10,  Kaskaskia  Gr.      [Sig. 

loose.] 
meekiana,  Hall,  1857,   Proc.  Am.   Ass'n 

Ad.  Sci.,  vol.  10,  Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
oweniana,  Hall,   1857,  Proc.  Am.  Ass'n 

Ad.  Sci.,  vol.  10,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
reversa,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  War- 
saw Gr.  [Ety.  from  the  reversed  direc- 
tion of  the  spiral  frond.] 
swalloviana,  Hall,  1857,  Proc.  Am.  Ass'n 

Ad.  Sci.,  vol.  10,  Kaskaskia  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
wortheni,   Hall,  1857,  Proc.    Am.   Ass'n 

Ad.  Sci.,  vol.  10,  Warsaw  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Archimedipora,  D'Orb.,  1849,  Prod,   de   Pal. 

Syn.  for  Archimedes. 
archimedes,  see  Archimedes. 
Arthroclema,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1.      [Ety.  arthron,  a  joint;    Mema,  a 

twig.] 


96 


BRYOZOA. 


pulchella,  Billings,  1862.  Pal.  Foss.  vol., 

1,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  beautiful.] 
Botkyllopora,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag. 

Lond.,  n.  s.,  vol.  1.     [Ety.  boti-ylfos,  a 

cluster;  poros,  a  pore.] 
socialis,    Nicholson,     1874,    Geo.    Mag. 

Lond.,  n.  s.,  vol.  1,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

living  in  groups  or  flocks.] 
Callopora,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  hallos,  beautiful ;    poros,  a  pore.] 
aspera,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 
elegantula,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
florida,'Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Ni- 

agai-a  Gr.     [Sig.  adorned.] 
heteropora,  Hall,  1874,   26th  Reg.  Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  heteros,  irregu- 
lar; poros,  a  pore.] 
hyale,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
incrassata,  Nicholson,  1874,   Geo.   Mag. 

Lond.,  n.  s.,  vol.  1,  Corniferous  and 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  stout,  thickened.] 
laminata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.  composed  of  thin 

plates.] 
macropora,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep., 

Devonian.      [Sig.  having  long  pores.] 
missouriensis,    Rominger,    1866,    Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.    Phil.,    Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
nummiformis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.N.Y.,  vol. 

2,  Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.  in  the  form  of 
small  coins.] 

perelegans,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep. 
Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  very  elegant.] 

ponderosa,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep., 
Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  heavy,  bulky.] 

punctata,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  punctated.] 

punctillata,  Winche'll,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 
Peninsula  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  a 
little  dot.] 

singularis,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  singular.] 

unispina,  Hall  ,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep., 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  one-spined.] 

venusta,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
Carinopora,    Nicholson,    1874,   Ann.  Mag. 
Nat.  Hist.,  4th  series,  vol.  13.     [Ety. 
carina,  a  keel ;  poros,  a  pore.] 

hindi,  Nicholson,  1874,  Ann.  Mag.  Nat. 
Hist.,  4th  series,  vol.  13,  Corniferous 
Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Ceramopora,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 
[Ety.  keramis,  imbricated  like  roof 
tile ,  poros,  a  pore.  ] 

agellus,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  a  small  field.] 

confluens,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.  [Sig.  colonies  blended  to- 
gether.] 

foliacea,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  leaf -like.] 


huronensis,  Nicholson,  1875,  Geo.  Mag., 

n.  s.,  vol.  2,  Ham.  Gr.      [Ety  proper 

name.] 
imbricata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol!  2, 

Niagara    Gr.     [Sig.    imbricated,    like 

shingles  on  a  roof.] 
incrustans,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara    Gr.     [Sig.    incrusting  other 

SllbstilllCGS  "1 

labecula,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  spot.] 
maculata,  Hall,  1874,    26th    Reg.    Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  forming  macu- 
lae or  small  clusters.] 
maxima,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  largest.] 
nicholsoni,   James,   1875,  Int.   to  Catal. 

Cin.   Foss.,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
ohioensis,    Nicholson,    1875,   Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Ceriopora,   Goldfuss,    1826,    Germ.   Petref. 

[Ety.  kerion,  a  honey-comb ;    poros,  a 

pore.] 
hamiltonensis,   Nicholson,    18  74,    Geo. 

Mag.  Lond.  n.  s.,  vol.    1,   Ham    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Clathropora,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  dathrum,  a  lattice ;  pora,  a  pore.] 

This  genus  is  regarded  by  some  as  a 

synonym  for  Coscinium. 
alcicornis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  elk-horned.] 
clintonensis,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
flabellata,  Hall,  1851,  Foster  &  Whitney's 

Rep.,  vol.  2,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  spread 

out  like  a  fan.] 
frondosa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

[Sig.  branchy.] 
intertexta,  Nicholson,   1874,   Geo.   Mag. 

Lond.,  n.  s.,  vol.  1,  Corniferous  Gr. 

[Sig.  inter-woven!] 
Coscinium,  Keyserling,  1846.   [Ety.  koskinon, 

a  sieve.] 
asterium,   Prout,   1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig.  like  a 

star.] 
cribriforme,  Prout,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.      [Ety.  full 

of  openings  like  a  sieve.] 
cyclops,  Keyserling,  1846,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 

[Ety.  mythological  name.] 
elegans,   Prout,   1860,  Trans.    St.   Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Lower  beds  of  St.  Louis 

Gr.     [Sig.  elegant] 
escharoides,  Prout,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad,  Sci.,  erroneously  written  eschar- 

ense,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  like  the  genus 

eschar u.~\ 
keyserlingi,  Prout,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
michelinia,  Prout,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  St.  Louis  Gr.   [Ety.  proper 

name.] 


BRYOZOA. 


97 


plumosum,  Prout,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  feath- 
ery.] 
sagenella,  Prout,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  St.  Louis  Gr.      [Sig.  from 

its  resemblance  to  the  genus  Sagenella.'} 
tuberculatum,  Prout,    1860,    Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

covered  with  tubercles.] 
wortheni,  Prout,   1860,  Trans.  St.   Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Ckyptopoka,   Nicholson,    1874,   Ann.  Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.,  4th  ser.,   vol.   13.     [Ety. 

kryptos,  concealed;  poros,  a  pore.] 
mirabilis,   Nicholson,  1874,   Ann.    Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.,  4th  ser.,  vol.  13,  Cornifer- 

ous  Gr.     [Sig.  wonderful.] 
Cycxofora,  Prout,   1860,  Trans.   St.   Louis 

Acad.  Sci.     [Ety.  kuklos,  circle ;  poros, 

a  pore.] 
discoidea,  Prout,   1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,   Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  disc- 
like, quoit-shaped.] 
fungia,   Prout,   18  60,   Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.   from 

its  resemblance  to  the  genus  FungiaJ] 
jamesi,   Prout,  1860,  Trans.    St.   Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
polymorpha,  Prout,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Chester  Gr.     [Sig.  many- 

fermed.] 
Diamesopora,  Hall,  1852.     Not  defined. 

dickotoma,  see  Trematopora  dichotoma. 
Eschaka,  Lamarck,  1801,  Syst.    An.  sans. 

Vert.     [Ety.  eschar,  a  scar.] 
(?)  concentrica,  Prout,  Trans.   St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Carb.      [Sig.  in  concentric 

lines.] 
ovatipora,   Troost,   1840,   5th  Geo.  Rep. 

Tenn.,  Low.  Sil.     [Ety.  ovatus,  ovate; 

pora,  a  pore.] 
reticulata,  Troost,   1840,  5th  Geo.   Rep. 

Tenn.,  Low.  Sil.     [Sig.  reticulated.] 
tuberculata,  Prout,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Carb.    [Sig.  tuberculated.] 
Escharopora,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  esclmr,  a  scar ;  poros,  a  pore    or 

cell.] 
lirata,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  lined.] 
nebulosa,  Hall,  1874, 26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  misty,  foggy.] 
recta,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  straight.] 
recta  var.  nodosa.  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.    1,    Trenton    Gr.     [Sig.    nodose, 

knotty.] 
tenuis,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  N.  Y., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 
Evactinopora,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.      [Ety.  evactinos, 

with  beautiful  rays ;  poros,  a  pore.  ] 
grandis,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1868,   Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig. 

grand,  large.] 
13 


radiata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  rayed.] 

sexradiata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Burlington  Gr.    [Sig. 

six-rayed.] 

Fenestella,  Lonsdale,  18  39,  Murch.   Sil. 

Syst.  [Ety.  fenestella,  a  little  window.] 

acmea,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.    [Sig.  pointed,] 

acuticosta,  Roemer,  1860,  Sil.  Fauna 
West  Tenn.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  sharp- 
ribbed.] 

aspera,  Hall,  1847,  (Gorgonia  aspera)  Pal. 
N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 

banyana,  Prout,  1859,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety.  from 
its  resemblance  to  the  rootlets  of  the 
banyan-tree  of  India.] 

bifurcata,  Prout,  1866,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  bifurcated, 
forked.] 

corticata,  Prout,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig.  having 
rind  or  bark.] 

crebripora,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep., 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  having  the 
openings  very  close.] 

cribrosa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  sieve.] 

dawsoni,  Nicholson,  1875,  Geo.  Mag.  vol. 
2,  n.  s.  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

delicata,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  23,  Waverly  Gr.  [Sig. 
delicate,  thin.] 

dilata,  Prout,  1866,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  spread 
out.] 

elegans,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 

eximia,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  ex- 
cellent, select.] 

filiformis,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag., 
vol.  1,  n.  s.,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig. 
thread-like.] 

filitexta,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  woven 
like  threads.] 

flabellata,  Phillips,  1836,  Geo.  York.  pt.  2, 
Coal  Meas.  or  Permian.  [Sig.  fan- 
like.] 

gracilis,  Hall,  1847,  (Retepora  gracilis) 
Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Chazy  Gr.  [Sig. 
slender.] 

hemitrypa,  Prout,  1859,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Low.  Carb.  [Sig.  from  half- 
closed  fenestrules.] 

idalia,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

incepta,  Hall,  1847,  (Retepora  incepta) 
Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Chazy  Gr.  [Sig. 
incipient.] 

intermedia,  Prout,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Carb.    [Sig.  intermediate.] 

lyelli,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Low, 
Carb.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 


BRYOZOA. 


magnifica,  Nicholson,   1874,   Geo.   Mag., 

vol.   1,  n.  s.,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig. 

magnificent.] 
marginalis,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag., 

vol.  1,  n.  s.,   Corniferous  Gr.      [Sig. 

pertaining  to  the  margin.] 
multiporata,  var.  lodiensis,   Meek,   1875, 

Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2,  Waverly  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
nervata,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.2, 

Niag.  Gr.  [Sig.  full  of  nerves  or  fibers.] 
nervia,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
nodosa,   Prout,  1866,  Trans.   St.   Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  nodose, 

knotty.] 
norwoodiana,    Prout,    1858,    Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
parvulipora,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.  having  very  small 

pores.] 
plebeia,  Geinitz,   1866,  Carb.   und  Dyas. 

Neb.,  Upper  Coal  Meas.      This  name 

was  preoccupied  by  McCoy,  and  the 

species  is  distinct, 
plumosa,  Prout,   1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  feathery.] 
popeana,   Prout,   1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.   [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
precursor,   Hall,    1874,   26th  Reg.  Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  forerunner.] 
prisca,  Lonsdale,  1839,  Murch.  Sil.  Syst., 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
puncto-striata,Hall,  1876,28th  Reg.  Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  dotted  and  striated.] 
shumardi,  Prout,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,  vol.   1,   Up.   Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
subretiformis,    Prout,    1858,    Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Carb.      [Sig.  some- 
what net-shaped.] 
sylvia,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
tenuiceps,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  slender-headed.] 
tenuis,   Hall,   1852,   Pal.   N.   Y.,   vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  thin,  slender.] 
trituberculata,    Prout,    1858,    Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Carb.    [Sig.  having 

three  tubercles.] 
variabilis,  Prout,   1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,   Carb.     [Sig.  variable, 

changing.] 
Fenestralia,  Prout,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.      [Ety.    from    the   genus 

Fenestella.] 
st.  ludovici,  Prout,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  St.  Louis  Gr.   [Ety.  proper 

name.]     Sanctus  Ludovicus,  Latin  for 

St.  Louis. 
Flustea,  Linnaeus,  1745,  Amaenitates  acad- 
emics.    [Sig.  calm.] 
carbaseoides,    Eaton,    1832,    Geo.    Text 

Book,  Devonian.      [Ety.  from  a  sup- 
posed   resemblance    to  the    recent 

Flustra  carbasea.] 


spatulata,  Prout,  1859,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.    [Sig.  spatula- 
shaped.] 
tuberculata,  Prout.  1859,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  tubercu- 

lated.] 
Glauconome,  Goldfuss,  1826,  Germ.  Petref. 

[Ety.  mythological  name.] 
nereidis,  White,  1874,  Rep.  Invert.  Foss., 

Carb.        [Ety.   nerium,  a  tree;  eidos, 

like.] 
trilineata,  Meek,  1872,  Pal.  E.  Neb.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  three  lined  or  striated.] 
Gorgonia,  Linnaeus,  1745,  Amaenitates  acad- 

emica?.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
(?)  aspera,  see  Fenestella  aspera. 
dubia,  Goldfuss,  1826,  Petref.  Germ.  Per- 
mian.    [Sig.  doubtful.] 
perantiqua,  see  Retepora  perantiqua. 
Helopora,   Hall,   1852,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  helos,  a  club ;  poros,  a  perforation.] 
armata,    Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  furnished 

with  defenses.] 
bellula,  Billings,   1866,   Catal.   Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,   Anticosti  Gr.      [Sig.    pretty, 

neat.] 
circe,   Billings,    1866,    Catal.    Sil.    Foss. 

Antic,   Anticosti  Gr.     [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 
concava,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  concave.] 
formosa,  Billings,  1865,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.    [Sig.  beautiful.] 
fragilis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.   Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.  [Sig.  frail,  easily  broken.] 
fragilis  var.  acadiensis,  Hall,   1860,  Can. 

Nat.  &  Geo.,   vol.    5,    Anticosti   Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
irregularis,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  irregular.] 
lineata,   Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,    Anticosti    Gr.      [Sig.    lined, 

striated.] 
lineopora,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.    [Sig.  lined  with 

perforations.] 
nodosa,   Billings,   1866,   Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,    Anticosti  Gr.      [Sig.   full  of 

knots.] 
striatopora,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.      [Sig.  striated 

co  ml  1 
strigosa,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,    Anticosti    Gr.       [Sig.    thin, 

meagre.] 
varipora,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.    [Sig.  cells  vary- 
ing in  size.] 
Hemitrypa,  Phillips,    1841,   Pal.    Foss.    of 

Cornwall,  Devon,  and  West  Somerset. 

[Ety.  hemitrypa,  half-foramen.] 
dubia,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 
prima,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  first.] 


BRYOZOA. 


Heterodictya,  Nicholson,  1875,  Geo.  Mag., 
vol.  2,  n.  s.  [Ety.  Iieteros,  irregular; 
dictyon,  a  net.]  The  correct  ortho- 
graphy is  Heterodictyon. 
gigantea,  Nicholson,  1875,  Geo.  Mag.,  vol. 
2,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig.  large,  gigantic] 
Hippothoa,  Lamouroux,  1821,  Expos,  method. 

inflata,  see  Alecto  inflata. 
Hornera,  Lamouroux,  1821,  Expos,  method. 
des  genres  de  l'Ordre  des  Pol.     [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
dichotomy  Hall,'  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  divided  into  two; 
forked.] 
Ichthyoraciiis,    McCoy,   1844,  Carb.   Foss. 
Ireland.      [Ety.  ichthys,  a  fish  ;  rachu, 
a  backbone.] 
nereis,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
Intricaria,  Defrance,  1823,  Dictionnaire  des 
Sciences  Naturelles.      [Ety.  intrico,  to 
entangle.] 
reticulata,  Hall,   1847,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  1, 
Trenton    &    Cin'ti    Gr.        [Sig.    net- 
worked.] 
Lichen  alia,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 
[Sig.  from  resemblance  to  a  marine 
lichen.] 
concentrica,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  concentrically 
wrinkled.] 
concentrica  var.  parvula,  Hall,  1876,  28th 
Reg.  Rep.  N.Y.,  Niag.  Gr.  [Sig.  small.] 
Lyropora,  Hall,  1857,  Proc.  Am.  Assoc.  Ad. 
Sci.,  vol.  10.      [Ety.  lyra,  a  lute ;  pora, 
a  pore.] 
lyra,  Hall,  1857,  Proc.  Am.  Ass.  Ad.  Sci., 
vol.  10,  Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  a  lute.] 
quincuncialis,  Hall,  1857,  Proc.  Am.  Ass. 
Ad.  Sci.,  vol.  10,  Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig. 
in  the  form  of  a  quincunx ;  an  oblique 
arrangement.] 
retrorsa,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo.Sur. 
111.,    vol.    3,    Burlington    Gr.      [Sig. 
turned  back.] 
subquadrans,  Hall,  1857,  Proc.  Am.  Ass. 
Ad.  Sci.,  vol.  10,  Kaskaskia  Gr.    [Sig. 
somewhat  square.] 
Paleschara,   Hall,   1874,    26th    Reg.    Rep. 
[Sig.  ancient  Eschara.~\ 
aspera,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 
bifoliata,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  two-leaved.] 
incrustans,  Hall,  1874,  26th   Reg.  Rep., 
Low.  Held.  Gr.   [Sig.  incrusting  other 
objects.] 
maculata,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.    [Sig.  spotted.] 
offula,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.    [Sig.  a  small  piece.] 
sphserion,   Hall,    1876.    28th    Reg.    Rep., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  ball.] 
Ph^nopora,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 
[Ety.    phaino,    to    open   or    make    a 
window;  poros,  a  pore.] 
constellata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  starred.] 


ensiformis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Ety.  like  a  sword.] 
expansa,  Hall  &  Whitfield,   1875,   Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  spread 

out.] 
explanata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  spread  out.] 
multipora,   Hall,    1851,   Geo.   Lake  Sup. 

Land.  Dist,.  vol.  2,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig. 

having  many  pores.] 
Phyllopora,  King,   1849,  Ann.  Nat.  Hist., 

2d  ser.,  vol.  3.     [Ety.  phyllon,  a  leaf ; 

poros,  a  pore.] 
ehrenbergi,    Geinitz,    1846,    (Gorgonia 

ehrenbergi)  Grundriss,  Permian  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Polypora,  McCoy,  1845,  Carb.  Foss.  Ireland. 

[Ety.  polys,  many ;  poros,  a  pore.] 
biarmica,    (?)   Keyserling,    1846,    Russia 

and  the  Ural  Mts.,  Geinitz  referred  a 

form   from  the  Coal    Meas.   to   this 

species,  and  Prout  referred  a    form 

from   the  Chester  Gr.   to   it.      [Sig. 

strong-jointed.] 
elegans,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
gracilis,  Prout,   1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.    [Sig.  slender.] 
halliana.    Prout,  1860,   Trans.   St.   Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
hamiltonensis,  Prout,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
imbricata,  Prout,  1866,  Trans.   St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,   Devonian.      [Sig.  imbri- 

incepta,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.   N.   Y.,   vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  incipient.] 
intermedia,  Prout,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  inter- 
mediate.] 
lilia,  Hall,  1874,   26th  Reg.   Rep.,   Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
mexicana,  Prout,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
(?)  psyche,   Billings,    1874,    Pal.     Foss., 

vol.  2,  Devonian.     [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
pulchella,    Nicholson,    1874,   Geo.    Mag. 

Lond.,  n.  s.,  vol.  1,   Corniferous  Gr. 

[Sig.  beautiful.] 
rigida,  Prout,  1866,  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad. 

Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  rigid.] 
shumardi,  Prout,  1858,   Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.   [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
stragula,  White,  1874,  Rep.  Invert.  Foss., 

Carb.     [Sig.  outward  covering  or  gar- 
ment.] 
submarginata,  Meek,  1872,  Pal.  E.  Neb., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.   somewhat  like   P. 

marginata.]    This  species  was  referred 

by  Geinitz  to  P.  marginata  of  McCoy, 
tenella,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag.  Lond. 

n.  s.,  vol.   1,   Corniferous    Gr.     [Sig. 

delicate.] 


100 


BRYOZOA. 


tuberculata,  Prout,  1859,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  tubercu- 

lated.] 
tuberculata,  Nicholson,   1874,   Geo.   Mag. 

Lond.,  vol.  1,  Corniferous  Gr.    This 

name  was  preoccupied  by  Prout  in 

1859. 
varsoviensis,  Prout,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Ptilodictya,   Lonsdale,   1839,   Murch.    Sil. 

Syst.     [Ety.  ptilon,  a  wing ;   dictyon,  a 

net.]      The    correct    orthography    is 

Ptilodictyon. 
acuminata,  James,  1876,  Int.  Catal.  Cin. 

Foss.,  Cin'ti  Gr.   [Sig.  sharp-pointed.] 
alcyone,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,   Anticosti  Gr.     [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 
arctipora,    Nicholson,    1875,   Ohio    Pal., 

vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.   [Sig.  having  narrow 

pores.] 
arguta,   Billings,   1866,   Catal.   Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  very  dis- 
tinct.] 
canadensis,    Billings,    1866,     Catal.    Sil. 

Foss.  Antic,   Hud.  Riv.   Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
carbonaria,  see  Stictopora  carbonaria. 
cosciniformis,  Nicholson,  1875,  Geo.  Mag., 

n.  s.,  vol.  2,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  resembling 

Coscinium.] 
dictyota,  Meek,  1872,  Hayden'sGeo.  Rep., 

Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  net-worked.] 
emacerata,   Nicholson,   1875,   Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  thin,  lean.] 
excellens,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.    [Sig.  excellent.] 
explicam,  Safford,   1869,   Geo.   of    Tenn. 

Not  defined, 
falciformis,   Nicholson,   1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.   [Sig.  sword-shaped.] 
fenestelliformis,    Nicholson,    1875,   Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Ety.  from  re- 
semblance to  Fenestella.} 
flagellum,  Nicholson,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  a  small  whip.] 
fragilis,  Billings,  1866,   Catal.  Sil.   Foss. 

Antic.  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  frail.] 
gladiola,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,   Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.   sword- 
grass.] 
libana,   Safford,   1869,  Geo.   of  Tenn., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
meeki,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag.,  n.  s., 

vol.  1,  Corniferous  &Ham.  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
multiramis,  Safford.    Not  defined, 
nitidula,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.   Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,   Hud.   Riv.   Gr.       [Sig.   neat. 
pavonia,  see  Monticulipora  pavonia. 
rustica,   Billings,  1865,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 
sereata,  see  Stictopora  sereata. 
sulcata,  Billings,   1  866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic. ,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  furrowed .  ] 


superba,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.   Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  superb.] 
Symmetrel,  Safford.     Not  defined, 
tarda,  Billings,   1874,  Pal.   Foss.,  vol.   2, 

Devonian.     [Sig.  thick.] 
tenera,   Billings,   1866,   Catal.   Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  tender.] 
Ptilopora,  McCoy,  1844,  Syn.  Carb.   Foss., 

Ireland.     [Ety.  ptilon,  a  plume ;  poros, 

a  pore.] 
prouti,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  War- 
saw Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Retepoka,  Lamarck,  1801,    Syst.  An.   sans. 

Vert.    [Ety.  reie,  a  net;  poros,  a  pore.] 
angulata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  angular.] 
antiqua,  as  identified  by  d'Archiac  &  Ver- 

neuil.     Not  American. 
archimedes,  Lesueur,  see  Archimedes, 
asperato-striata,   Hall,   1852,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  rough  and 

striated.] 
clintoni,  Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  3d 

Dist.  N.  Y.,  Clinton  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.  ] 
diffusa,   Hall,   1852,  Pal.    N.   Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  diffused,  extended.] 
fenestrata,  Hall,  1850,  3d  Reg.  Rep.,  Clin- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  having  open  windows.] 
foliacea,   Hall,   1847.      This    name    Prof. 

Hall  says  may  be  erased  from  the  list 


of 


ivs 
ils. 


gracilis,  see  Fenestella  gracilis, 
hamiltonensis,   Prout,    1866,    Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.   Sci.,   Ham.   Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
incepta,  see  Fenestella  incepta. 
perantiqua,  Hall,  1847,  (Gorgonia  (?)  per- 

antiqua)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton 

Gr.     [Sig.  very  ancient.] 
phillipsi,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag.,  n. 

s.,  vol.  1,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
trentonensis,  Nicholson,  1875,  Geo.  Mag., 

vol.  2,  n.  s.,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Rhinopora,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.    rhine,    a  file ;    poros,   a    pore.  ] 

Better  orthography  would  be  Rkini- 

pora. 
frondosa,  Hall  &  Whitfield,   1875,   Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr.  [Sig.  branchy.] 
tuberculosa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  abounding  in  tuber- 
cles.] 
tubulosa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton    Gr.        [Sig.    abounding     in 

tubes  1 
verrucosa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  covered  with  wart- 
like projections.] 
Sagenella,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.   sagenella,   a  little 

drag  net.] 
elegans,  Hall,  1876, 28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
membranacea,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  membrane-like.] 


BRYOZOA. 


101 


Semicoscinium,  Prout,  1859,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.  [Sig.  somewhat  like  fossils 
of  the  genus  Coscinium.] 
eriense,  Prout,  I860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Devonian.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
rhomboideum,  Prout,  1859,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig. 

rhomboidal.] 
tuberculatum,    Prout,    1860,    Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig. 

tuberculated.] 
Septopora,   Prout,  1859,  Trans.    St.    Louis 

Acad.  Sci.     [Ety.  septum,  partition  or 

division ;  para,  a  pore.] 
cestriensis,  Prout,  1850,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Chester  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Stictopoka,   Hall,   1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.   stictos,   spotted    or    punctured ; 

poros,  a  pore.] 
acuta,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  sharp.] 
carbonaria,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  from  the 

Coal  Measures.] 
crassa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Clin- 
ton Gr,     [Sig.  thick.] 
elegantula,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  quite  elegant.] 
fenestrata,  Hall,  1847,   Pal.    N.   Y.,  vol 

1,    Chazy    Gr.        [Sig.    open,   having 

windows.] 
gilberti,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci 

Phil.,  Corniferous  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
glomerate,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Chazy   Gr.     [Sig.    confused,  out  of 

order.] 
labyrinthica,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol 

1,  Birdseye  Gr.     [Sig.  intricate.] 
lichenoides.  Meek,  1873,  Pal.  Ohio,  vol 

1,   Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  resembling 

a  Lichen.'] 
magna,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Pal.  Ohio, 

vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  great,  large.] 
punctipora,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  punctus,  a  puncture ; 

pora,  a  pore.] 
ramosa,  Hall,   1847,  Pal.  N.   Y.,  vol.  1, 

Birdseye  Gr.     [Sig.  branching.] 
raripora,   Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol,  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  cells  distant.] 
serrate,   Meek,   1875,  Pal.   Ohio,   vol.   2, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  serrated.] 
shafferi,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
similis,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.     [Sig.  similar.] 
sulcata,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Penin. 

Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  furrowed.] 
variabilis,   Prout,  1866,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Up.   Sil.     [Sig.   variable, 

not  always  the  same.] 
Synocladia,   King,  1849,  Trans.  Geol.  Soc. 

Lond.,  2d  Ser.,  vol.  3.      [Ety.  syn.  to- 
gether; Mados,  a  young  branch.] 


biserialis,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  in 
allusion  to  the  two  rows  of  cellules  ] 
T^niopora,     Nicholson,    1874,    Geo.    Ma<" 
Lond.,  n.  s.,  vol.  1.     [Ety.  tainia,  a  rif> 
bon;  poros,  a  pore.] 
exigua,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag.  Lond., 
n.  s.,  vol.  1,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  little, 
small.] 
penniformis,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag. 
Lond.  n.  s.,  vol.   1,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 
resembling  a  feather.] 
Thamniscus,  King,  1849,  Perm.  Foss.     [Ety. 
thamniskos,  a  little  shrub.] 
niagarensis,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Trematopora,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 
[Ety.  trema,  a  hole ;  poros,  a  pore.] 
aspera,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 
coalescens,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  uniting  together.] 
constricta,   Hall,    1874,   26th  R<?g  Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  constricted.] 
corticosa,   Hall,   1874,   26th    Reg.    Rep., 
Low.  Held.  Gr.   [Sig.  like  thick  bark.] 
densa,  Hall,  1874.  26th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  thick,  close.] 
dichotoma,    Hall,    1852,    (Diamesopora 
dichotoma)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2.  Niagara 
Gr.     [Sig.  dividing  into  two.]    > 
echinata,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  set  with  spines.] 
fragilis,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  frail.] 
granulifera,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
2,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  bearing  granules.] 
The  same  species  is  marked  "  n.  sp." 
in  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  probably  by  mis- 
take, 
infrequens,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  not  frequent.] 
maculosa,  Hall,    1874,   26th   Reg.    Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  spotted.] 
minute,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
osculum,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  pretty  mouth.] 
ostiolata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  having  small  open- 
ings.] 
ponderosa,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.   Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  heavy.] 
punctata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  dotted.] 

regularis,    Hall.    1874,    26th   Reg.   Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  in  allusion  to 

the  regular  arrangement  of  the  cells.] 

rhombifera,  Hall,  1874,  26th  Reg.  Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  rhomb-bearing.] 

signatus,   Hall,    1874,    26th    Reg.    Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  marked.] 
solida,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  solid.] 
sparsa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Ni- 
agara Gr.    [Sig.  scattered.] 
spinulosa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.   [Sig.  full  of  little  spines.] 


102 


BRYOZOA. 


spinulosa,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.  The  name  was  preoccupied. 
Possibly  the  species  are  identical. 

striata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  X.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  striated.] 

superba,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
splendid.] 

tuberculosa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  tubercles.] 


tubulosa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  tubes.] 

varia,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara 
Gr.  [Sig.  different;  from  the  variable 
cell  mouths.] 

variolata,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.  [Sig.  from  the  distant  and 
variable  cell  mouths.] 

vesiculosa,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  full  of 
vesicles.] 


CLASS  BRACHIOPODA 


FAMILY  CALCEOLID.E.—  Calceola. 

FAMILY  CRANIID^E. — Crania,  Pholidops,  Pseudocrania,  Schizocrania. 

FAMILY  DISCTNID.E.— Discina,  Trematis. 

FAMILY  KONINCKIID.E.— Koninckia. 

FAMILY  LINGULIDyE.— Kutorgina,  Leptobolus,  Lingula,  Lingulella,  Lingulepis,  Lin- 

gulops,  Obolus,  Obolella. 
FAMILY  ORBICULID.E.— Acrotreta,  Iphidea,  Orbicula. 
FAMILY  ORTHID.E.— .Egilops,  Meekella,  Orthis,  Orthisina,  Skenidium,  Tropidoleptus, 

Vitulina. 
FAMILY  PENTAMERID.E.-— Amphigenia,     Anastrophia,    Camarella,    Camarophoria, 

Gypidula,  Pentamerella,  Pentamerus,  Stricklandinia. 
FAMILY  PORAMBONITID.E.— Porambonites. 

FAMILY  PRODUCTIVE.— Aulosteges,  Chonetes,  Productella,  Productus,  Strophalosia. 
FAMILY  RHYNCHONELLID.E.— Acambona,   Eatonia,   Leiorhynchus,  Rhynchonella, 

Stenoschisma. 
FAMILY    SPIRIFERID.E.  —  Ambocoelia,    Athyris,    Atrypa,    Camarium,   Cryptonella, 

Cyrtia,  Cyrtina,  Eichwaldia,  Martinia,  Merista,  Meristella,  Meristina,  Nucleospira, 

Pentagonia,   Retzia,   Rhynchospira,    Spirifera,   Spiriferina,  Syntrielasma,   Syringo- 

tbyris,  Trematospira,  Trigonotreta,  Waldheimia,  Zygospira. 
FAMILY    STROPHOMENLILE.  —  Leptsena,     Streptorhynchus,      Strophodonta,      Stro- 

pbomena. 
FAMILY    TEREBRATULID^:.  —  Centronella,    Coelospira,     Leptocoelia,    Rensselseria, 

Terebratula. 
FAMILY  TRIMERELLID.E,— Dinobolus,  Monomerella,  Trimerella. 


Acambona,   White,   1862,   Proc.    Bost.   Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9.    [Ety.  aka,  a  point ; 

umbona,  umbo.] 
prima,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat, 

Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  first.] 
Acrotreta,  Kutorga,  1848,  Uber  die  Siphon- 

otretse  aus  den   Verhandlungen  der 

Kaiserlichen  Mineralogischen  Gesell- 

scaft  fur  Jahr.     [Ety.  akros,  the  top  or 

summit;   tretos,  perforated.] 
attenuata^   Meek,   1872,    Hayden's  Geo. 

Rep.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  drawn  out.] 
gemma,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  a  young  bud.] 
pyxidicula,   White,  1874,  Rep.  Invert. 

Foss.,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  box.] 
subsidua,  White,  1874,  Rep.  Invert.  Foss., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  sinking  down.] 
^Egilops,   Hall,  1850,  3rd  Reg.  Rep.     [Ety. 

segibps,  an  acorn.] 
subcarinata,   Hall,   1850,  3rd  Reg.  Rep., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  keeled.] 


Ambocoslia,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep. 
[Ety.  ambon,  umbo ;   koUos,  the  belly.] 

gemmula,  syn.  for  Spirifera  planoconvexa. 

gregaria,  see  Amboccelia  umbonata  var. 
gregaria. 

minuta,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig. 
very  small.] 

nucleus,  syn.  for  Amboccelia  umbonata. 

pneumbona,  Hall,  1857,  (Orthis  praeum- 
bona)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig* 
very  protuberant.] 

mbumbona.,  see  Spirifera,  subumbona. 

umbonata,  Conrad,  1842,  (Orthis  Umbo- 
nata) Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8, 
Marcellus  shale  &  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
protuberant,  bossed.] 

umbonata  var.  gregaria,  Hall,  1860,  (Am- 
boccelia gregaria)  13th  Reg.  Rep., 
Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  in  a  common 
flock.] 


104 


BRACHIOPODA. 


Amphigenia,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4. 
[Ety.  amphi,  on  both  sides;  genea, 
growth.] 

curta,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,(Strickland- 
inia  elongata  var.  curta)  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  3,  Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig. 
short.] 

elongata,  Vanuxem,  1842,  (Pentamerus 
elongata)  Geo.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Scho- 
harie grit  &  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  elon- 
gated.] 

elongata  var.  undulata,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N. 
Y.,  vol.  4,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  waved.] 

elongata  var.  subtrigonalis,  Hall,  1857, 
(Meganteris  subtrigonalis)  10th  Reg. 
Rep.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat 
triangular.] 
Anastrophia,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4. 
[Ety.  ana,  with ;  strophe,  a  turning 
round;  the  relation  of  the  valves  is 
the  reverse  of  that  of  Pentamerus.] 

interplicata,  Hall,  1852,  (Atrypa  interpli- 
cata)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  from  the  interplications.] 

reversa,  Billings,  1857,  (Pentamerus  re- 
versus)  Rep.  of  Prog.  Mid.  Sil.  [Sig. 
reversed;  the  dorsal  valve  being 
largest.] 

verneuili,   Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Anomia,  Linnseus,  1767,  Syst.  Nat.,  12th  Ed. 
[Ety.  anomios,  unequal.] 

biloba,  see  Orthis  biloba. 

pecten,  see  Strophomena  pecten. 

reticularis,  see  Atrypa  reticularis. 
Anomites,  Wahlenberg,  1821,  Act.,  Upsal. 

exporrectus,  see  Cyrtia  exporrecta. 

glaber,  see  Spirifera  glabra. 

punctatm,  see  Productus  punctatus. 

resupinatus,  see  Orthis  resupinatus. 

reticularis,  see  Atrypa  reticularis. 

rhomboidalis,-  see  Strophomena  rhomboi- 
dalis. 

scabriculus,  see  Productus  scabriculus. 

semireticulatus,  see  Productus  semireticu- 
latus. 
Athvris,  McCoy,  1844,  Carb.  Foss.  Ireland. 
[Ety.  a,  without ;  thuris,  a  small  door ; 
in  allusion  to  the  absence  of  a  deltidi- 
um  or  door.  But  the  name  is  erro- 
neous.] 

americana,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

angelica,  Hall,  1861,  14th  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

.argentea,  Shepard,  1838,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
Up.  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  pertaining  to 
silver.] 

biloba,  Winchell,  1865,  (Spirigera  biloba) 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Kinderhook  Gr. 
[Sig.  double-lobed.] 

caput-serpen tis,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  caput,  head;   serpens,  a,  serpent.] 

charitonensis,  Swallow,  1860,  (Spirigera 
charitonensis)  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad. 
Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


chloe,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Jour.,  vol.  5. 
Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

clara,  syn.  for  Meristella  nasuta. 

clintonensis,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

cora,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham.  & 
Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

corpulenta,  Winchell,  1863,  (Spirigera 
corpulenta)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Sig.  corpulent.] 

crassicardinalis,  AVhite,  1860,  Bost.  Jour. 
Nat.  Hist,,  vol.  8,  Waverly  Gr.  [Sig. 
thick  on  the  hinge.] 

eborea,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  made 
of  ivory.] 

euzona,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig.  beauti- 
fully girdled.] 

differentis,  McChesnev,  I860,  New  Pal. 
Foss.,  Carb.     [Sig.  different.] 

formosa,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig.  beauti- 
ful.] 

fultonensis,  Swallow,  1860,  (Spirigera 
fultonensis)  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hannibalensis,  Swallow,  1860,  (Spirigera 
hannibalensis)  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad. 
Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

hawni,  Swallow,  1860,  (Spirigera  hawnii) 
Trans.  St.  Louis  Aca<J.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

headi,  see  Zygospira  headi. 

headi  var.  anticmtiensis,  see  Zygospira 
headi  var.  anticostiensis, 

headi  var  borealis,  see  Zygospira  headi  var. 
boreal  is. 

hirsuta,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 
4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  rough,  prickly.] 

incrassata,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  thickened.] 

jacksoni,  Swallow,  1860,  (Spirigera  jack- 
soni)  Trans^St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal 
Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

julia,  see  Meristella  julia. 

junia,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

lamellosa,  Leveille,  1835,  (Spirifer  lamel- 
losus)  Mem.  Geol.  Soc.  France,  Wav- 
erly Gr.     [Sig.  in  very  thin  plates.] 

lara,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss.  Antic, 
Anticosti  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

maconensis,  Swallow,  18  60,  (Spirigera 
maconensis)  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad. 
Sci.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

maia,  see  Spirifera  maia. 

minima,  Swallow,  1860,  (Spirigera  min- 
ima) Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Ham. 
Gr.    [Sig.  the  least.] 

missouriensis,  Swallow,  1860,  (Spirigera 
missouriensis)  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad. 
Sci.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 


BRACHIOPODA. 


105 


mmouriemU,  Winchell,    I860,   (Spirigera 

mi8Souriensis)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

Lithographic  limestone.     This  name 

was  preoccupied, 
monticola,  White,  1874,  (Spirigera  mon- 

ticola)  Rep.  Invert.  Foss.,  Low.  Carb. 

[Sig.  inhabiting  a  mountain.] 
papilioniformis,  McChesney,  1865,  Desc. 

New  Pal.  Foss.,  Chester "Gr.     [Sig.  re- 
sembling a  butterfly.] 
parvirostris,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.  Sci.    Phil.,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  little-beaked.] 
pectinifera,    Swallow,    1863,    Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,   Low.  Carb.     [Sig. 

comb-bearing.] 
ohioensis,  Winchell,   1865,   Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
orbicularis,  McChesney,  1860,  New  Pal. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  orbicular.] 
planosulcata,  Phillips,  1836,  Geol.  York., 

vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig.  plain-fur- 
rowed.] 
plattensis,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,  Up.   Coal    Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
polita,   Hall,   1843,  (Atrypa  polita)  Geo. 

4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Sig. 

smoothed.] 
prinstana,  see  Meristella  prinstana. 
prouti,  Swallow,  1860,  (Spirigera  Proutii) 

Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
reflexa,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.      [Sig.  turned 

back.] 
singletoni,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Low.   Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
solitaria,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  alone,  sol- 
itary.] 
spiriferoides,  Eaton,   1831,   (Terebratula 

spiriferoides)  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  21, 

Cornif.  &  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  resembling 

a  Spirifera.] 
sublamellosa,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  like 

A.  iameUosa.] 
subquadrata,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Kaskaskia    Gr.      [Sig.    somewhat 

squared.] 
subtilita,  Hall,  1852,  Stansbury's  Exped. 

to  Great  Salt  Lake,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

fine,  thin.] 
tumida,  Dalman,    1827,  (Atrypa  tumida) 

Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  tumid,  swollen  out.] 

The  fossil    usually  referred    to    this 

species  is  Meristella  maria. 
tumidula,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Sig.  diminutive 

of  tumidus;  from  its  resemblance  to 

A.  tumida  and  smaller  size.] 
umbonata,  see  Meristella  umbonata. 
vittata,  Hall,  1860, 13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Cornif. 

&  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  banded.] 


turgida,  Shaler,  1865,  Bulletin  No.  4,  M. 

C.   Z.,   Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.   swollen, 

inflated.] 
Atrypa,  Dalman,  1827,  Vet.  Acad.     [Ety. 

a,  without;  trypa,  a  hole  or  perfora- 
tion.   It  was  supposed  the  shells  had 

no  foramen  under  the  beak.      The 

name  is  erroneous.] 
actiiiplicata,  see  Leptoccelia  acutiplicata. 
acutirostra,  see  Rhynchonella  acutirostra. 
aequiradiata,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig. 

equal-rayed.] 
sequiradiata,  see   Rhynchonella   aequira- 
diata. 
affinis,  syn.  for  Atrypa  reticularis. 
aUUis,  see  Rhynchonella  altilis. 
ambigua,  see  Camarella  ambigua. 
aprinis,  see  Rhynchonella  aprinis. 
arata,  see  Pentemerella  arata. 
aspera,    Schlotheim,   1813,    (Terebratula 

aspera)  Petrefactenkunde,  Ham.   Gr. 

[Sig.  rough.] 
aspera  var.  occidentalis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo. 

Rep.   Iowa,  vol.   1,  pt.   2,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  western.] 
bidens,  see  Rhynchonella  bidens. 
bimlcata,  see  Camarella  bisulcata. 
borealis,    Schlotheim,    as    identified    by 

d'Archiac  &  Verneuil.  Not  American. 
brevirostris,  as  identified  by  Hall.     See 

Pentamerus  brevirostris  and  Anastro- 

phia  verneuili. 
camura,  see  Trematospira  camura. 
capax,  see  Rhynchonella  capax. 
camdea,  as  identified   by  d'Archiac    & 

Verneuil.    Not  American, 
chemungensis,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Chemung  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
circulus,  see  Camarella  circulus. 
concinna,  see  Nucleospira  concinna. 
comis,  see  Pentamerus  comis. 
concentrica,  syn.  for  Athyris  spiriferoides. 
congesta,  see  Camarella  congesta. 
congregate,,  see  Stenoschisma  congregata. 
conlracta,  see  Stenoschisma  contracte. 
corallifera,  see  Eichwaldia  corallifera. 
crassirostra,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2,  Niagara  Gr.      [Ety.  crassus,  thick ; 

rostra,  heak.] 
crentdata,  see  Terebratula  crenulata. 
cuboides,  as  identified  by  Hall  and  others, 

see  Rhynchonella  venustula. 
cuneata,  see  Rhynchonella  cuneata. 
cuspidata,  see  Camarella  cuspidata. 
cyhndrica,  see  Meristella  cylindrica. 
deflecta,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.      [Sig.  bent  or  turned 

aside.] 
dentata,  see  Rhynchonella  dentate. 
disparilis,  see  Coelospira  disparilis. 
dubia,  see  Rhynchonella  dubia. 
dumosa,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.,  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr.    [Sig.  bushy.] 
duplicata,  see  Stenoschisma  duplicate. 
dongata,  syn.  for  Rensseleeria  ovoidee. 
cmaccrata,  see  Rhynchonella  emacerate. 


106 


BRACHIOPODA. 


exigua,   Hall,  1847,   Pal.   N.   Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 
eximia,  see  Stenoschisma  eximia. 
extans,  see  Camarella  extans. 
flabella,  syn.  for  Leptocoelia  hemispherica. 
flabellites,  see  Leptocoelia  fiabellites. 
galeata,  see  Pentamerus  galeatus. 
gibbosa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.   N.   Y.,  vol.   2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  gibbous,  tumid.] 
globuliformis,   see  Leiorhynchus  globuli- 

formis. 
Jiemiplicata,  see  Camarella  hemiplieata. 
hemispherica,  see  Leptocoelia  hemispher- 
ica. 
hirsuta,  see  Trematospira  hirsuta. 
hystrix,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  covered 

with  spines.] 
impressa,   Hall,   1857,   10th    Peg.    Pep., 

Schoharie  grit.     [Sig.  impressed.] 
impressa,  Shaler.    The  name  was  preoc- 
cupied. 
increbescens,  syn.  for  Rhynchonella  capax. 
inflata,  Conrad,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Catskill  Gr.     [Sig.  inflated.] 
intermedia,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  intermediate.] 
interplicata,  see  Anastrophia  interplicata. 
lasevis,  see  Merista  laevis. 
lamellata,  see  Rhynchonella  lamellata. 
latkosta,  Phillips,  1841,  (Terebratula  lati- 

costa)    Pal.    Foss.    Devonian.      [Sig. 

wide-ribbed.]      This   species    is    not 

clearly  identified  in  America. 
lentiformis,  syn.  for  Atrypa  reticularis. 
limilaris,  see  Leiorhynchus  limitaris. 
marginalis  (?),  Dalman,   1827,   (Terebra- 
tula marginalis)  Vet.  Acad.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  bordered.] 
medialis,  see  Eatonia  medialis. 
mesacostalis,  see  Leiorhynchus   mesacos- 

talis. 
modesta,  see  Zygospira  modesta. 
nasuta,  see  Meristella  nasuta. 
naviformis,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  4th  Dist.  N. 

Y.,  Clinton  Gr.      [Sig.  resembling  a 

boat.] 
neglecta,  see  Rhynchonella  neglecta. 
niiida,  see  Meristina  nitida. 
nitida  var.  oblata,  see  Meristina  nitida  var. 

oblata. 
nodostriata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2,    Niagara    Gr.       [Sig.    rough    and 

striated.] 
nucleolata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Coralline  limestone.     [Ety.  nucleus,  a 

kernel;   latus,  wide.] 
nucleus,  see  Camarella  nucleus, 
oblata,   Hall,  1852,    Pal.  N.    Y.,  vol.  2, 

Medina  Gr.     [Sig.  oblate.] 
obtusiplicata,  see  Rhynchonella  obtusipli- 

cata. 
octocostata,  see  Pentamerella  arata. 
peculiaris,  see  Eatonia  peculiaris. 
planoconvexa,    see  Leptocoelia  planocon- 

■  vexa. 
plebeia,  Conrad,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist. 
'      N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.    Preoccupied  name. 


pleiopleura,  see  Rhynchonella  pleiopleura. 

plena,  see  Rhynchonella  plena. 

plicata,  see  Rhynchonella  plicata. 

plicatella  (?),  see  Rhynchonella  plicatella. 

plicatula,  see  Rhynchonella  plicatula. 

plicifera,  see  Rhynchonella  plicifera. 

poliia,  see  Athyris  polita. 

prisca,  syn.  for  Atrypa  reticularis. 

pseudomarginalis,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg. 
Rep.,    Up.    Held.     Gr.       [Sig.   false- 
.  •     marginecl.] 

quadricostata,  Hall,  1843,  see  Rhyncho- 
nella quadricostata. 

quadricostata,  Hall,  1852,  see  Rhyncho- 
nella quadricostata. 

rectiplicata,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig. 
straight-plicated.] 

recurvirostra,  see  Rhynchonella  recurvi- 
rostra. 

reticularis,  Linnaeus,  1767,  (Anomia  reti- 
cularis) Syst.  Nat.,  ed.  12.  It  occurs 
with  its  varieties  in  all  the  Groups  of 
the  Upper  Silurian  and  Devonian 
formations  except  the  Oriskany  sand- 
stone. Some  of  its  varieties  or  syn- 
onyms are  Atrypa  affinis,  A.  lenti- 
formis, A.  prisca,  A.  tribulis,  Hippari- 
onyx  consimilaris,  etc.  [Sig.  reticu- 
lated.] 

robusta,  see  Rhynchonella  robusta. 

rostrata,  see  Meristella  rostrata. 

rugosa,  see  Rhynchonella  rugosa. 

scitula,  see  Meristella  scitula. 

semiplicata,  see  Rhynchonella  semiplicata. 

singularis,  see  Eatonia  singularis. 

soi-dida,  see  Rhynchonella  sordida. 

spinosa,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y., 
Cornif.,  Ham.,  Tully  &  Chemung  Gr. 
Equal  to  Atrypa  aspera  var.  occiden- 
talis. 

subcuboides,  D'Orbigny,  see  Rhynchonella 
venustula. 

subtrigonalis,  see  Rhynchonella  subtrigon- 
ahs. 

sulcata,  see  Merista  sulcata. 

tenuilineata,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  4th  Dist. 
N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  tenuis, 
fine ;  lineatus,  lined.] 

tribidis,  syn.  for  Atrypa  reticularis. 

iumida,  see  Athyris  tumida. 

unguiformis,  syn.  for  Orthis  hipparionyx. 

unisulcata,  see  Meristella  unisulcata. 
Aulosteges,   Helmerson,   1847,   Bull,  de  la 
Classe   Physi.   Math.   Acad.    Sci.    St. 
Petersburg.       [Ety.    aulos,    a    tube; 
stege,  a  chamber.] 

guadalupensis,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

spondyliformis,  White  &  St.  John,  1868, 
Trans.  Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  vertebra-formed.] 
Brachymerus,.  Shaler.  The  name  was  pre- 
occupied for  a  genus  of  Coleoptera. 
See  Anastrophia. 


BRACHIOPQDA. 


107 


Brachyprion  geniculatum,    see    Strophomena 

geniculate. 
leda,  see  Strophomena  leda. 
ventricosum,  see  Strophomena  ventricosa. 
Calceola,  Lamarck,  1801,  Syst.  des  Anim. 

sans.  Vert.     [Ety.  calceola,  a  slipper.] 
americana,  Safford,    syn.  for   C.    tennes- 

seensis. 
plicata,  Conrad,  1840,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Held.  Gr.      [Ety.  from  the  plications 

toward  the  aperture.] 
sandalina,    Lamarck,     as    identified    by 

Troost,  see  C.  tennesseensis. 
tennesseensis,  Roemer,  1852,  Lethse.Geog- 

nost.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Camarella,  Billings,  August,  1859,  Can.  Nat 

&  Geol.,  vol.4.    [Ety.  kamara,  arching 

chamber;   eUa,  diminutive.] 
ambigua,  Hall,  1847,  (Atrypa    ambigua) 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

doubtful.] 
antiquata,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  very  ancient.] 
bisulcata,  Emmons,  1842,  (Orthis  bisul- 

cata)  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  double-furrowed.] 
breviplicata,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  short-plicated.] 
calcifera,  Billings,  1861,  Can.  Nat.  &Geo., 

vol.  6,  Calcif.  Gr.     [Ety.  from  the  Cal- 

ciferous  Group.] 
circulus,    Hall,    1847,    (Atrypa  circulus) 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

circular.] 
congesta,  Conrad,  1842,  (Atrypa  congesta) 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Clinton 

Gr.     [Sig.  a  heap.] 
costata,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  ribbed.] 
cuspidata,  Hall,  1847,  (Atrypa  cuspidata) 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

pointed.] 
extans,  Emmons,  1842,  (Atrypa  extans) 

Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

standing  out.] 
hemiplicata,  Hall,  1847,   (Atrypa  hemi- 

plicata)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  half-plicated.] 
lenticularis,  Billings,  1866,   Catal.   Sil. 

Foss.  Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  len- 
ticular.] 
longirostra,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  and 

Geo.,  vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.      [Sig.  long- 
beaked.] 
nucleus,   Hall,    1847,    (Atrypa    nucleus) 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig. 

ops,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Mid. 
Sil.     [Ely.  mythological  name.] 

ortoni,  Meek,  1872,  (Dicraniscus  ortoni) 
Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  4,  Clin- 
ton Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

panderi,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  and 
Geo.,  vol.  4,  Black  Riv.  Gt.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

parva,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  small.] 


polita,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  smoothed.] 
reverm,  see  Anastrophia  reversa. 
varia-ns,   Billings,   1859,    Can.    Nat.    and 

Geo.,  vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.  [Sig.  variable.] 
volborthi,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  and 

Geo.,  vol.   4,   Black  Riv.   Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Camarium,  Hall,   1859,  Pal.   N.  Y,   vol.   3. 

[Ety.  kamara,  arching  septum.] 
elongatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  elongated.] 
typum,  Hall,   1859,   Pal.   N.  Y,   vol.   3, 

Low.   Held.   Gr.     [Sig.    type    of   the 

genus.] 
Cajierophoria,  King,  1844,  Ann:    &   Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  14.     [Ety.  kamara,  an 

arched  chamber ;  phoreo,  I  carry.] 
bisulcata,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.    [Sig.  double 

furrowed.] 
eucharis,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y,   vol.  4, 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  graceful.] 
globulina,  Phillips,  1844,  as  identified  by 

Geinitz,  is  Rhynchonella  uta. 
schlotheimi,  Von  Buch,  1834,  (Terebra- 

tulitesschlotheimi)  Ueber  Terebratel., 

Permian   Gr.       [Ety.   proper  name.] 

This  is  the  type  of  the  genus, 
subtrigona,   Meek    &    Worthen,    1860, 

(Rhynchonella  subtrigona)  Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  somewhat  three-cornered.] 
swalloviana,  Shumard,   1859,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Centroxella,  Billings,  1859,  Can.   Nat.    & 

Geo.,  vol.  4.     [Ety.  a  little  point.] 
allii,   Winchell,   1865,   Proc.   Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,    Chemung   Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
alveata,    Hall,    1857,   (Rhynchonella  al- 

veata)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Onondaga  Gr. 

[Sig.  channeled.] 
anna,   Hartt,   1868,    Acad.    Geol.,   Low. 

Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
billingsiana,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,   vol.  3,   Niagara  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
glansfagea,    Hall,    1857,    (Rhynchonella 

glansfagea)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Schoharie 

grit,  Cornif.  Gr.  and  Oriskany  sand- 
stone.    [Ety.  glans,  an    acorn ;  fagea, 

beech  tree.] 
glaucia,   Hall,   1867,   Pal.   N.  Y,  vol.  4, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hecate,  Billings,  1861,  Can.  Jour.  vol.  6, 

Up.   Held.    Gr.      [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
impressa,  Hall,   1861,    14th    Reg.    Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.   impressed.]      Prof. 

Billings  says  this  is  a  syn.  for  C.  hecate. 
julia,  Winchell,   1862,   Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  14,  Marshall  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
ovata,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  egg-shaped.] 


108 


BRACHIOPODA. 


CharioneUa,  Billings,  1861,  Can.  Jour.  Ind. 

Sci.  and  Art.    Prof.  Hall  regards  this 

name  as  a  syn.  for  Meristella. 
circe,  syn.  for  Meristella  seitula. 
doris,  see  Meristella  doris. 
(?)  hyale,  see  Meristella  hyale. 
Chonktes,   Fischer,  1837,   G-ryckt.  Moscou. 

[Ety.  chone,  a  little  cup.  J 
acutiradiata,   Hall,    1843,    (Strophomena 

acutiradiata)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N. 

Y.,  Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig.  sharp-radiated.] 
antiope,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Low.  Devonian.      [Ety.  mythological 

name.]     « 
arcuata,  Hall,  1857, 10th  Reg.  Rep.,Cornif. 

Gr.    [Sig.  bent.] 
armata,    DeKoninck,  the  specimens  re- 
ferred to  this  species  belong  to    C. 

pusilla.] 
canadensis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
carinata,   Conrad,    1842,     (Strophomena 

carinata)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8, 


Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  carinated.] 

"    Reg.  Kep., 
Oriskany  sandstone.   [Sig.  smoothed.] 


complanata,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 


cornuta,   Hall,  1843,  (Strophomena  cor 

nuta)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Clin- 
ton Gr.    [Sig.  horned.] 
dawsoni,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Low.  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
deflecta,  Hall,  1857, 10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  bent  down.] 
emmetensis,  Winchell,  1866,   Rep.  Low. 

Peninsula  Mich.,   Ham.    Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
fischen,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854,  Jour. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  3,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
flemingi,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854,  Jour. 

Acad.   Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  3,  Permian  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
geniculata,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig. 

bent,  geniculated.] 
gibbosa,  syn.  for  C.  deflecta. 
glabra,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  smooth.] 
glabra,  Geinitz,   1866,   Carb.   und  Dyas. 

The  name  was  preoccupied, 
granulifera,  Owen,  1852,  Geo.'  Rep.  Wis., 

Iowa  and  Minn.,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

granule-bearing.  ] 
hemispherica,  Hall,  1857, 10th  Reg.  Rep., 

Schoharie  grit  and  Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig. 

hemispherical.] 
illinoisensis,  Worthen,   1860,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chester  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
iowensis,  Owen,   1852,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Wis.  and  Minn.,  Carb.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
koninckiana,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854, 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  3,  Devonian. 

[Ety.  proper*  name.] 
laticosta,  syn.  for  C.  mucronata. 
lepida,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.  Mar- 

cellus  shale  &  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  pretty.] 


lineata,   Conrad,   183  9,   ( Strophomena 

lineata)    Ann.  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Cor- 
nif erous  Gr.     [Sig.  lined.] 
littoni,   Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854,  Jour. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,    vol.   3,    Ham.    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
logani,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854,   Jour. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  3,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
logani  var.  aurora,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  4,  Tully  limestone  &  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  the  morning.] 
maclurii,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854,  Jour. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  3,  Ham.  Gr.   [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
martini,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854,  Jour. 

Acad.   Nat.  Sci.,    vol.    3,    Ham.    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
melonica,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Devonian.     [Sig.  a  small  melon.] 
mesoloba,   Norwood  &  Pratten,   185  4, 

Jour.   Acad.  Nat.   Sci.,   vol.   3,    Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  middle-lobed.] 
michiganensis,  Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  25,  Low.  Carb.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
millepunctata,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1870, 

Proc.    Acad.    Nat.    Sci.,   Coal   Meas. 

[Sig.  many-dotted.] 
minima,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  least.] 
mucronata,   Hall,   1843,    Geo.    Rep.   4th 

Dist.  N.  Y.,  Cornif  erous  &  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  sharp-pointed.] 
mucronata,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1858,   Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,   Coal  Meas.       This 

name  was  preoccupied,  moreover  it 

is  a  syn.  for  C.  granulifera. 
multicosta,  Winchell,  1863,   Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  many- 
ribbed.] 
muricata,  Hall,'  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Chemung  Gr.       [Sig.   like  the  shell 

Murex.] 
nova-scotica,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &Geo., 

vol.  5,  Up.  Sil.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ornata,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  of  Mo.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Sig.  ornamented.] 
parva,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  of  Mo.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  small.] 
permiana,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
planumbona,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1860, 

Proc.   Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  smooth  on  the  umbo.] 
platynota,    White,    1874,    Rep.    Invert. 

Foss.,  Low.  Carb.    [Ety. platys,  broad; 

notos,  ridge.] 
pulchella,  Winchell,   1862,   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Sig.  beauti- 
ful.] 
pusilla,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.    [Sig.  very  small.] 
seitula,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.    [Sig.  pretty.] 


BRACHIOPODA. 


109 


setigera,  Hall,  1843,  (Strophomena  seti 

gera)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,Ham 

&  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  having  bristles." 
shumardiana,  DeKoninck,  1847,  Recher 

ches  sur  les  Anim.  Foss.,  Low.  Carb 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
smithi,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854,  Jour 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.   3,   Coal   Meas, 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
syrtalis,  syn.  for  C.  carinata. 
tenuistriata,  Hall,  1860,   Can.  Nat.   and 

Geo.,  vol.  5,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  fine-lined.] 
tuomeyi,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854,  Jour. 

Acad.  Nat.   Sci.,   vol.    3,    Ham.    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
variolata,     DeKoninck,     1847,     Recher. 

Anim.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  spotted 

with  pimples.] 
verneuiliana,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854, 

Jour.  Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,   vol.   3,    Coal 

Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
yandelliana,  Hall,  1857,10th  Reg.  Rep., 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Ccelospira,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.   Alb.    Inst., 

vol.  4.     [Ety.   kailos,   hollow ;  spira,  a 

spire.] 
concava,  Hall,  1859,  (Leptoccelia  concava) 

Pal.   N.   Y.,   vol.  3,  Corniferous  Gr. 

[Sig.  concave.] 
dichotoma,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Oriskany  sandstone.      [Sig.   dividing 

into  two.] 
disparilis,  Hall,  1852,  (Atrypa  disparilis) 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

different,  unequal.] 
Crania,  Retzius,  1781,  Schriften  der  Berliner 

Gesellschaft  Naturforschende  Freund. 

[Ety.    kranicm,   the   upper  part  of    a 

skull.] 
acadiensis,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Up.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
aurora,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  Scho- 
harie Grit.     [Sig.  morning.] 
bella,   Billings,  1874,  Pal.   Foss.,  vol.   2, 

passage  beds  between  Upper  Sil.  & 

Devonian.    [Sig.  beautiful.] 
bordeni,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Reg.,  De- 
vonian.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
corrugata,   Hall,   1843,   (Orbicula  corru- 

gatus)  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  corrugated.] 
crenistriata,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  convex-lined.] 
deformata,  Hall,  1847,  (Orbicula  deform- 

ata)   Pal.   N.   Y.,  vol.   1,  Chazy    Gr. 

[Sig.  deformed.]    Is  it  a  Crania  ? 
dyeri,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  2,   Cin'ti  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
excentrica,  Emmons,  1856,  (Orbicula  ex- 

centrica)  Am.  Geol.,  Quebec  Gr.    [Sig. 
.  from  the  center.] 
famelica,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Sig.  famished.] 
gregaria,  Hall,  1863, 16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  occurring  in  flocks.] 
hamiltonise,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.    LEty.  proper  name.] 


Mia,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Cin'ti  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

leoni.  Hall,  I860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Chemung  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

modesta,  White  &  St.  John,  1868,  Trans. 
Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  not 
large,  modest.] 

multipunctata,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,  Cin. 
Quar.  Jour.  Sci.,vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig. 
many-dotted.] 

permiana,  Shumard,  185  9,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

prima,  Owen,  1852,  (Orbicula  prima)  Geo. 
Sur.  Iowa,  Wis.  &  Minn.,  Potsdam 
Gr.     [Sig.  first.] 

quadricostata,  Vanuxem,  1842,  (Orbicula 
quadricostata)  Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist.  N. 
Y.,  Genessee  slate.    [Sig.  four-ribbed.] 

radicans,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  rooting; 
in  allusion  to  the  spines  on  the  exte- 
rior.] 

reposita,  White,  1866,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
remote,  distant.] 

reticularis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,  Cin.  Quar. 
Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig.  ret- 
iculated.] 

scabiosa,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Cin'ti 
Gr.     [Sig.  scabby.] 

setifera.  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 
4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  bearing  bristles.] 

setigera,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Trenton 
Gr.     [Sig.  having  bristles.] 

sheldoni,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

siluriana,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 
vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

tenuilamellata,  Hall,  1852,  (Orbicula  ten- 
uilamellata)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niag- 
ara Gr.  [Sig.  having  very  thin  plates.] 
This  species  is  also  classed  with  the 
Discina. 

trentonensis,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

truncata,  Emmons,  1856,  (Orbicula  trun- 
cata)  Am.  Geol.,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig. 
truncated.] 
Cryptonella,  Hall,  1861,  14th  Reg.  Rep. 
[Sig.  a  little  cavity.]  Prof.  Billings 
regarded  this  as  a  synonym  for  Chari- 
onella.] 

calvini,  Hall,  1870,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y, 
Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.   proper   name.] 

eudora,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  4, 
Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.   proper  name.] 

iphis,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  4,  Cor- 
niferous Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

lens,  see  Terebratula  lens. 

UnckUeni,  see  Terebratula  lincklaeni. 

planirostra,  Hall,  1860,  (Terebratula 
planirostra)  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Sig.  smooth-beaked.] 


110 


BRACHIOPODA. 


rectirostra,  Hall,  1860,  (Terebratula  reeti- 
rostra)  13th  Reg.  Rep.  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
straight-beaked.] 
Cyetia,  Dalman,  1827,  Kongl.  Vet.  Acad. 
Handl.  [E  t  y .  kyrtia,  a  fishing 
basket.] 

acutirostris,  see  Cyrtina  acutirostris. 

biplicata,  see  Cyrtina  biplicata. 

curvilineata,  see  Cyrtina  curvilineata. 

dalmani,  see  Cyrtina  dalmani. 

exporrecta,  Wahlenberg,  1821,  Nova. 
Acta.  Regise.  Soc.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Niagara 
Gr.,  as  identified  by  Hall  in  24th  Reg. 
Rep.    [Sig.  smooth,  without  wrinkles.] 

exporrecta  var.  arrecta,  Niagara  Gr.,  as 
identified  by  Hall  in  24th  Reg.  Rep. 
[Sig.  erected,  steep.] 

hamiltonensis,  see  Cyrtina  hamiltonensis. 

rnissouriemis,  see  Cyrtina  missouriensis. 

myrtea,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

occidentalis,  see  Cyrtina  occidentalis. 

rostrata,  see  Cyrtina  rostrata. 

triquetra,  see  Cyrtina  triquetra. 

umbonata,  see  Cyrtina  umbonata. 

Cyrtina,  Davidson,  1858,  Monog.  Brit.  Carb. 

Brach.    [Ety.  the  dimniutive  of  Cyrtia 

is  Cyrtidium,  but  the  author  said  he 

preferred  bad  Greek  to  a  long  name.] 

acutirostris,  Shumard,  1855,  (Cyrtia 
acutirostris)  Geo.  Rep.  Mo.,  Chemung 
Gr.     [Sig.  sharp-beaked.] 

affinis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
Devonian.     [Sig.  near  to.] 

billingsi,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 

biplicata,  Hall,  1857,  (Cyrtia  biplicata) 
10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Schoharie  grit  and 
Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig.  double-plicated.] 

crassa,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig.  thick.] 

curvilineata,  White,  1865,  (Cyrtia  curvi- 
lineata) Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist., 
vol.  9,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  having  bent 
lines.] 

dalmani,  Hall,  1857,  (Cyrtia  dalmani) 
10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig. 
proper  name.] 

hamiltonensis,  Hall,  1857,  (Cyrtia  hamil- 
tonensis) 10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Schoharie 
grit,  Cornif.  and  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety. 
from  the  Hamilton  group.] 

hamiltonensis  var.  recta,  Hall,  1867,  Pal. 
N.  Y.,vol.  4,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  straight.] 

missouriensis,  Swallow,  1860,  (Cyrtia  mis- 
souriensis) Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 

occidentalis,  Swallow,  1860,  (Cyrtia  occi- 
dentalis) Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci., 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  western.] 

panda,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  bent  downwards.] 

pyramidalis,  Hall,  1852,  (Spirifer  pyra- 
midalis)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Sig.  pointed  like  a  pyramid.] 

rostrata,  Hall,  1857,  (Cyrtia  rostrata)  10th 
Reg.  Rep.,  Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig. 
beaked.] 


triquetra,  Hall,  1858,  (Cyrtia  triquetra) 
Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  a  triangle.] 

umbonata,  Hall,  1858,  (Cyrtia  umbonata) 
Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  protuberant,  bossed.] 
Delthyris,  Dalman,  1827,  syn.  for  Spirifera. 

acanthoptera,  syn.  for  Spirifera  disjuncta. 

acuminata,  Conrad,  see  Spirifera  acumi- 
nata. 

acuminata,  Hall,  syn.  for  Spirifera  mesa- 
costalis. 

acutilirata,  see  Orthis  acutilirata. 

arenosa,  see  Spirifera  arenosa. 

audacula,  see  Spirifera  audacula. 

bialveata,  see  Spirifera  bialveata. 

bilobata,  see  Orthis  bilobata. 

brachynota,  see  Spirifera  brachynota. 

chemungensis,  syn.  for  Spirifera  disjuncta. 

congesta,.  see  Spirifera  congesta. 

cuspidata,  syn.  for  Spirifera  disjuncta. 

decemplicata,  see  Spirifera  decern  plicata. 

deltoidea,  syn.  for  Orthis  lynx. 

disjuncta,  see  Spirifera  disjuncta. 

duodenaria,  see  Spirifera  duodenaria. 

duplicata,  see  Spirifera  duplicata. 

euruteines,  see  Spirifera  euruteines. 

expansa,  see  Pterotheca  expansa. 

jimbriata,  see  Spirifera  fimbriata. 

granulifera,  see  Spirifera  granulifera. 

granulosa,  see  Spirifera  granulosa. 

inermis,  see  Spirifera  disjuncta. 

Isevis,  see  Spirifera  kevis. 

macronota,  see  Spirifera  macronota. 

macropleura,  see  Spirifera  macropleura. 

medialis,  see  Spirifera  medialis. 

mesacostalis,  see  Spirifera  mesacostalis. 

mesastrialis,  see  Spirifera  mesastrialis. 

microptera,  syn.  for  Orthis  lynx. 

mucronata,  see  Spirifera  mucronata. 

niagarensis,  see  Spirifera  niagarensis. 

pachyoptera,  see  Spirifera  pachyoptera. 

perlata,  see  Spirifera  disjuncta. 

prolata,  see  Spirifera  prolata. 

prora,  see  Spirifera  prora. 

radiatus,  see  Spirifera  radiata. 

raricosta.,  see  Spirifera  raricosta. 

rugatina,  see  Spirifera  rugatina. 

sculptilis,  see  Spirifera  sculptilis. 

staminea,  see  Spirifera  staminea. 

triloba,  see  Spirifera  triloba. 

undulatus,  see  Spirifera  undulata. 

varica,  see  Orthis  varica. 

ziezac,  see  Spirifera  ziczac. 
Dicraniscus,  Meek,  syn.  for  Camarella. 

ortoni,  see  Camarella  ortoni. 
Dinobolus,  Hall,   March,  1871,   notes  on 
Brachiopoda.   [Ety.  dis,  twice ;  Obolus, 
a  genus  of  shells.] 

canadensis,  Billings,  1857,  (Obolus  cana- 
densis) Rep.  of  Progr.  Can.  Sur.,  Black 
Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

conradi,  Hall,  1868,  (Obolus  conradi)  20th 
Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

galtensis,  Billings,  1872,  (Obolellina  galt- 
ensis)  Guelph  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 


BRACHIOPODA. 


Ill 


magnificus,   Billings,   18  72,  (Obolellina 

magnifica)   Canadian  Naturalist,  vol. 

7,  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  magnificent.] 
Discina,  Lamarck,  1819,  Hist.    Nat.    Anim. 

sans.  Vert.    [  Ety.  discus,  a  flat  round 

plate ;   the  termination    inns,   imply- 
ing resemblance.] 
acadica,  Hartt,  18(58,  Acad.   Geol.,   St. 

John's  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
alleghania,   Hall,  1860,   13th  Reg.   Rep., 

Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ampla,   Hall,   1867,   Pal.   N.   Y.,   vol.   4, 

Oriskany  sandstone.     [Sig.  full  sized.] 

Proposed  instead  of  D.  grandis  of  Hall, 
capax,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 

Hist.,  vol.   9,   Chemung  Gr.      [Sig. 

capacious.] 
caputiformis,  syn.  for  D.  nitida. 
circe,  Billings,    1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.   1, 

Trenton   Gr.      [Ety.    mythological 

name.]    See  remarks  on  D.  lamellosa. 
conradi,  Hall,   1859,   Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
convexa,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  convex.] 
discus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  quoit.] 
doria,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
elmira,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gallaheri,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
grandis,  Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  3rd 

Dist.  N.  Y.,  Cornif.  &  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

great.] 
grandis,  Hall,   1859,   Pal.   N.   Y.,  vol.  3. 

The  name  was  preoccupied.    See  D. 

ampla. 
humilis,  Hall,   1863,   16th  Reg.    Rep., 

Marcellus  slate  &  Ham.   Gr.      [Sig. 

dwarfish.] 
inutilis,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Pots- 
dam Gr.     [Sig.  trifling.] 
lamellosa,  Hall,  1847,  (Orbicula  lamellosa). 

The  name  was  preoccupied  by  Brod- 

erick  in  1833.     Billings  has  described 

it  as  D.  circe. 
lodensis,  Vanuxem,   1842,   (Orbicula  lo- 

densis)   Geo.   Rep.   3rd  Dist.  N.   Y., 

Genessee  slate.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
media,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

and  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  intermediate.] 
minuta,   Hall,   1843,    (Orbicula    minuta) 

Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Marcellus 

shale.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
missouriensis,   Shumard,    1858,   Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     Syn.  for 

D.  nitida. 
neglecta,   Hall,    1863,    16th    Reg.    Rep., 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  overlooked.] 
newberryi,  Hall,   1863,   16th   Reg.  Rep., 

Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
nitida,   Phillips,  1836,   (Orbicula  nitida) 

Geo.  of  York.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  neat, 

smooth.] 


patellaris,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  a  small 
plate.] 

pelopea,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

pleuritis,  Meek,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 
Waverly  Gr.  [Ety.  from  pleuron,  the 
side.] 

randalli,  Hall,  1863, 16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 
Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

seneca,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

subtrigonalis,  McChesney,  1865,  Desc. 
New  Pal.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
somewhat  triangular.] 

tenuilamellata,  Hall,  1852,  (Orbicula  ten- 
uilamellata) Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niag- 
ara Gr.  [Sig.  having  very  thin  plates.] 

tenuilamellata,  var.  subplana,  Hall,  1860, 
Can.  Nat.  and  Geol.,  vol.  5,  Up.  Sil. 
[Sig.  somewhat  smooth.] 

trigonalis,  syn.  for  D.  subtrigonalis. 

truncata,  Hall,  1862,  16th  Reg.  Rep., 
Chemung  Gr.  and  Genessee  slate. 
[Sig.  truncated.] 

tullia,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Tully 
limestone.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

vanuxemi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Eatonia,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,    [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

eminens,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  eminent,  stand- 
ing out.] 

medialis,  Vanuxem,  1843,  (Atrypa  medi- 
alis)  Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Low. 
Held.  Gf.    [Sig.  middle.] 

peculiaris,  Conrad,  1841,  (Atrypa  peculi- 
aris)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Oriskany  and 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  peculiar.] 

pumila,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  a  dwarf  or 
pigmy.] 

singularis,  Vanuxem,  1843,  (Atrypa  sin- 
gularis)  Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y., 
Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  singular.] 

sinuata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  marked 
with  depressions.] 

whitfieldi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany    sandstone.      [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Eichwaldia,  Billings,  1858,  Rep.  of  Progr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

anticostiensis,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil. 
Foss.  Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

concinna,  Hall,  1868,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

coralifera,  Hall,  1852,  (Atrypa  coralifera) 
Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.  Prof. 
Davidson  regards  this  shell  as  identi- 
cal with  E.  Capewelli,  which  was  de- 
scribed in  1848,  in  Bull.  Soc.  Geol. 
France,  vol.  3.     [Sig.  coral-bearing.] 

gibbosa,  Hall,  1868,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.    [Sig.  gibbous.] 


112 


BRACHIOPODA. 


reticulata,  Hall,  1862,  (Rhynchonella  (?) 
reticulata)  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4, 
Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  reticulated.] 

subtrigonalis,  Billings,  1858,  Rep.  of  Prog., 
Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  three- 
cornered.] 
Gonioccelia,  syn.  for  Pentagonia. 
Gypidula,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4. 
[Ety.  gyps,  vulture ;  in  allusion  to  the 
strongly  incurved  beak.] 

laeviuscula,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Devonian.     [Sig.  slightly  smooth.] 

obsolescent,  see  Pentamerella  obsolescens. 

occidentalis,  Hall,  1858,  (Pentamerus  oc- 
cidentalis)  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  vol.  1,  pt. 
2,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  western.] 
Hemipronites,  Pander,  1830.  This  name,  never 
having  been  defined,  has  been  super- 
seded by  Streptorhynchus,  if  the  two 
names  refer  to  the  same  form. 
Hipparionyx,  Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  3rd  Dist. 
N.  Y.  [Sig.  colts  hoof.]  Syn.  for  Or- 
this.  The  genus  was  founded  on  a 
cast. 

comimilis,  Vanuxem,  syn.  for  Atrypa  ret- 
icularis. 

proximm,  syn.  for  Orthis  hipparionyx. 

similaris,  Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  3rd 
Dist.  N.  Y.,  Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig. 
similar.] 
Iphidea,  Billings,   1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

bella,  Billings, '1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

labradoricus,  Billings,  1861,  (Obolus  lab- 
radoricus)  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Potsdam 
Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

sculptilis,    Meek,    1872,   Hayden's  Geo. 
Rep.,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  carved.] 
Koninckia,  Suess,  1853.     MS.  published  by 
Woodward,  1854,  in  Manual  of  Mol- 
lusca.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

americana,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Kutobgina,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

cingulata,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss,  vol.  1, 

Potsdam    Gr.      [Sig.   encircled    with 

lines.] 

Lkioehynchus,   Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.   Rep. 

[Ety.  leios,  smooth  ;  rhynchos,  a  beak.] 

dubius,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Marcellus  shale.    [Sig.  doubtful.] 

globuliformis,  Vanuxem,  1842,  (Atrypa 
globuliformis)  Geo.,  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y., 
Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  in  the  form  of  a 
globe.] 

huronensis,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo. 
Lond.,  n.  s.,  vol.  1,  Ham.  Gr. 
proper  name.] 

iris,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4 
mung  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

kelloggi,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

limitaris,  Vanuxem,  1842,  (Orthis  limi- 
taris)  Geo.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.,  (Atrypa 
limitaris,  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.)   Marcellus 


Mag. 

[Ety. 

Che- 


shale.     [Ety.   supposed  to  be  limited 

to,  and  to  characterize,  the  Marcellus 

shale.] 

mesacostalis,   Hall,  1843,  (Atrypa 


costalis)  Geo.  4th  Dist. 


Che- 


mung Gr.     [Sig.  middle-ribbed.] 
multicosta,   Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  many-ribbed.] 
mysia,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4,  Mar- 
cellus shale.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
newberryi,  Hall,   1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep., 

Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
quadricostatus,   Vanuxem,   1842,  (Orthis 

quadricostata)  Geo.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y., 

Genessee  slate.     [Sig.  four-ribbed.] 
sesquiplicatus,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 

Penin.  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  pli- 
cation and  a  half.] 
sinuatus,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 
Lept^na,  Dalman,  1827,  Kongl.  Vet.  Acad. 

Handl.     [Ety.  leptos,  thin.] 
alternata,  see  Strophomena  alternata. 
alternistriata,    see  Strophomena  alternis- 

triata. 
analoga,  see  Strophomena  analoga. 
aspera,  James,  syn.  for  L.  sericea. 
bipartite,  see  Strophomena  bipartita. 
earner ata,  see  Strophomena  camerata. 
concava,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  concave.] 
decipiens,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 
deflecta,  see  Streptorhynchus  deflecta. 
deltoidea,  see  Strophomena  deltoidea. 
depressa,  see  Strophomena  depressa. 
fasciata,  see  Strophomena  fasciata. 
filitexta,  see  Strophomena  filitexta. 
frugaria,  syn.  for  Prod uctella  subaculeata. 
incrassata,  see  Strophomena  incrassata. 
indenta,  see  Strophodonta  indenta. 
laticosta,  syn.  for  Tropidoleptus  carinatus. 
membranacea,  see  Productella  hirsuta. 
mesacosta,    Shumard,    1855,    Geo.   Rep. 

Mo.,    Trenton    Gr.      [Sig.  middle- 

ribbed.] 
nasuta,  see  Strophomena  nasuta. 
nucleata,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Or- 
iskany sandstone.     [Sig.  kerneled.] 
obscura,  see  Strophomena  obscura. 
orthididea,  see  Strophomena  orthididea. 
planoconvexa,  see  Streptorhynchus  plano- 

convexa. 
planumbona,  see   Streptorhynchus  plan- 

umbona. 
plicifera,  see  Strophomena  plicifera. 
profunda,  see  Strophodonta  profunda. 
punctulifera,  see  Strophodonta  punctuli- 

fera. 
quadrilatera,  syn.  for  Strophomena  rhom- 

boidalis. 
recta,  see  Streptorhynchus  recta. 
rugosa,  see  Strophomena  rugosa. 
semiovalis,  syn.  for  L.  sericea. 
sericea,  Sowerby,  1839,  Murch.  Sil.  Syst., 

Trenton  to  Clinton  Gr.      [Sig.  silky.] 
sordida,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  paltry.] 


BRACHIOPODA. 


113 


subtenta,  see  Streptorhynchus  subtentus. 
tenuilineata,  see  Strophomena  tenuiline- 

ata. 
tenuistriata,  see  Strophomena  tenuistriata. 
transversalis,  Dalman,  1827,  Vet.  Acad. 

Handl.,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Sig.  crosswise.] 
trilobata,  see  Strophomena  trilobata. 
Lbptobolub,   Hall,   1871,   Pamphlet.      [Sig. 

minute  Obolus.] 
insignis,   Hall,    Pamphlet,    Utica    slate. 

[Sitr.  marked  naturally.] 
lepis,  Hall,   1871,   Pamphlet,   Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  scale.] 
occidentalis,  Hall,  1871,  Pamphlet,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  western.] 
Leptocxklia,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  and 

1859,  12th  Reg.  Rep.    [Ety.  leptos,  min- 
ute ;  koilia,  belly  ;    in  allusion  to  the 

shallow  visceral  cavity.] 
acutiplicata,  Conrad,  1841,  (Atrypa  acuti- 

plicata)   Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Up.  Held. 

Gr.     [Sig.  sharply-plicated.] 
concava,  see  Ccelospira  concava. 
dichotoma,  see  Coelospira  dichotoma. 
disparills,  see  Coelospira  disparilis. 
fimbriate,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Oriskany   sandstone.      [Sig.  fringed.] 
flabellites,  Conrad,  1841,  (Atrypa  flabel- 

lites)    Ann.    Rep.   N.   Y.,    Oriskany 

sandstone.     [Sig.  a  fan.] 
hemispherica,   Sowerby,    1839,    (Atrypa 

hemispherica)  Murch.  Sil.  Syst.,  Clin- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  hemispherical.] 
imbricata,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.   imbricating  lamellae 

of  growth.] 
intermedia,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Up.  Sil.    [Sig.  intermediate.] 
planoconvexa,  Hall,  1852,  (Atrypa  piano- 
con  vexa)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr. 

[Ety.  planus,  level ;  convexus,  convex.] 
propria,  syn.  for  Leptoccelia  flabellites. 
Lingula,   Bruguiere,    1792,    Encyc.    Meth. 

[Ety.  lingula,  a  little  tongue.] 
acuminata,  Conrad,  1839,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Potsdam  and    Calcif.   Gr.     [Sig. 

terminating  sharply.] 
acutirostra,   Hall,   1843,   Geo.    Rep.   4th 

Dist.  N.  Y.,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  sharp- 

aequalis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  equal.] 

alveata,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 
Gr.    [Sig.  channeled.] 

ampla,  Owen,  1852,  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Iowa 
and  Minn.,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Sig.  full- 
sized.] 

antiqua,  Emmons,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 

antiquata,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 

artemus,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
Passage  beds  between  Up.  Sil.  and 
Devonian.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

attenuata,  Sowerby.  The  fossil  referred 
by  Hall  to  this  species,  is  described  by 
Billings  under  the  name  of  L.  Daphne. 

aurora,  see  Lingulella  aurora. 
15 


belli,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo.,  vol. 

4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
briseis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  4, 

Trenton  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
canadensis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
carbonaria,    Shumard,    1858,  Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.   Sci.,   Coal   Meas.     [Sig. 

pertaining  to  the  Coal  Measures.] 
centrilineata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.       [Sig.  the  central 

line  from  beak  to  base.] 
ceryx,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie grit.     [Sig.  a  herald.] 
clintoni,  Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Clinton    Gr.      [Ety.    proper    name.] 

Syn.  for  L.  oblonga" 
cobourgensis,   Billings,   1862,  Pal.  Foss., 

vol.   1,  Trenton    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
concentrica,  Conrad,  1839,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 

Y,  Genessee  slate.    [Sig.  arranged  in 

concentric  lines.] 
covingtonensis,   Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875, 

Ohio  Pal.,   vol.   2,   Cin'ti  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
crassa,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  thick.] 
cuneata,  Conrad,  1839,  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Medina   sandstone.       [Sig.    wedge- 
shaped.] 
curta,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

vol.  8,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  short.] 
cuyahoga,   Hall,   1863,   16th  Reg.   Rep., 

Green  shales,  upper  part  of  Chemung 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
cyane,   Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec   Gr.       [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
daphne,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton   Gr.     [Ety.    mythological 

name.]    See  L.  attenuata. 
delia,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  upper 

part  of  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
densa,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  4,  upper 

part  of  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  thick.] 
desiderata,  Hall,   1863,   16th  Reg.  Rep., 

Corniferous  Gr.      [Sig.  longed  for, 

rare.] 
elegantula,  syn.  for  Lingula  quadrata. 
,-n'iptica,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y,  Clinton  Gr.     The  name  was 

preoccupied  by  Phillips  in  1836. 
clliptica,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.    The 

name  was  preoccupied, 
elongata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  elongated.] 
exilis,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Mar- 

cellus  shale.     [Sig.  thin,  fine.] 
eva,  Billings,  1861,  Can.  Nat.  Geo.,  vol.  6, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
forbesi,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.  vol.  1, 

Hud.   Riv.  &  Mid.  Sil.  Gr.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
halli,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 

Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr.      [Ety. 
proper  name.] 


114 


BRACHIOPODA. 


huronensis,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  &  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety 

proper  name.] 
insularis,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.      [Sig.  upon  an 

island.] 
iole,  Billings,    1865,    Pal.   Foss.,  vol.   1, 

Quebec   Gr.        [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
irene,  Billings,   1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
iris,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
kingstonensis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.   Foss., 

vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
lamellata,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist, 

N.  Y.,  Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

composed  of  thin  plates.] 
leaena,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ligea,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  upper 

part  of  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
ligea  var.  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Portage  Gr. 
lucretia,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Passage  beds  between  Up.   Sil.  and 

Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lyelli,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo.,  vol. 

4,  Calcif.  &  Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
maida,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
manni,  Hall,  1863,   16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
mantelli,  Billings,   1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Calcif.  Gr.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
manticula,    White,    1864,    Rep.    Invert. 

Foss.,  Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  a  small  wal- 
let.] 
mathewi,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.   Geol.,  St. 

Johns  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
melie,   Hall,   1867,  Pal.   N.   Y.,   vol.    4, 

Chemung   Gr.       [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
membranacea,    Winchell,     1863,     Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.   Phil.,  vol.   15,  Low. 

Carb.     [Sig.  like  a  membrane.] 
minuta,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad. 

Sci.,  Devonian.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
mosia,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Pots- 
dam Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
murrayi,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
mytiloides,  Sowerby,  1812,  Min.  Conch., 

Tab.   19,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.   like  the 

Mytilus,  or  mussel  shell.] 
nebrascensis,   Meek,  1872,  Pal.  E.  Neb., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
norwoodi,  James,  1875,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
nuda,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  naked.] 
nympha,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec    Gr.       [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 


oblata,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N. 

Y.,  Clinton  Gr.    [Sig.  oblate.] 
oblonga,  Conrad,  1839,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  rather  oblong.] 
obtusa,  Hall,  1847,   Pal.   N.  Y.,   vol.   1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  obtuse.] 
ovata,  McCoy,  1844,    Syn.  Sil.  Foss.,  Ire- 
land.   Not  clearly  identified  in  Amer- 
ica, 
paliformis,  Hall,  1860,  13th    Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  shovel-like.] 
papillosa,    Emmons,    1856,   Am.    Geol., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  covered  with  pim- 
ples.] 
perlata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.   3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  wide.] 
perovata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.    [Sig.  very  ovate  or  nearly 

round.] 
perryi,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
philomela,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  Gr.      [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
pinniformis,  see  Lingulepis    pinniformis. 
polita,  see  Obolella  polita. 
prima,  see  Lingulepis  prima. 
prima,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.    This 

name  was  preoccupied, 
progne,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton    Gr.      [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
punctata,  Hall,  1863, 16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.    [Sig.  dotted.] 
quadrata,  Eichwald,  1829,  Zool.  Specialis., 

vol.  1,  Trenton  to  Mid.  Sil.    [Ety.  in 

allusion  to  the  somewhat  four-sided 

shape.] 
quebecensis,   Billings,    1862,   Pal.   Foss., 

vol.    1,    Quebec    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.  ] 
redilatera,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  straight-sided.] 

This  name  was  preoccupied, 
rectilateralis,  Emmons,  1842,  Geo.  Rep. 

N.   Y.,  Utica   slate.      [Sig.   straight- 
sided.] 
riciniformis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  tike  or  tick.] 
scotica,  Davidson,  1860,    Monogr.    Scot. 

Carb.    Brach.,    Waverly    Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
spathata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  spatula-shaped.] 
spatiosa,   Hall,  1859,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  large.] 
spatulata,  Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  3rd 

and  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Genessee  slate. 

[Sig.  spatula-shaped.] 
subspatulata,    Meek    &  Worthen,    1868, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

somewhat  spatula-shaped.] 
trentonensis,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
umbonata,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol. 

3,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  protuberant.] 


BRACHIOPODA. 


115 


vanhorni,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,  Cin.  Quar. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
winona,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Pots- 
dam Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Lingulella,  Salter,  1861,  Mem.  Geo.,  North 

Wales.     TEty.  dinimutive  of  JAngula.] 
(?)  affinis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  near  to.] 
aurora,  Hall,  1861,  (Lingula  aurora)  Geo. 

Rep.  Wis.,  Potsdam  sandstone.    [Sig. 

morning.] 
cincinnatiensis,   Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875, 

Ohio  Pal.,  vol.   2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
lamborni,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,   Potsdam   Gr.       [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
(?)  spissa,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  thick.] 
Lingulepis,  Hall,  1863, 16th  Reg.  Rep.    [Ety. 

lingula,  a  little  tongue;   lepis,  a  scale.] 
morsii,   N.  H.  Winchell,  1876,  (Lingula 

morsensis)  Geol.  Fillmore  Co.,  Minn., 

St.   Peters  sandstone.       [Ety.  proper 

name — in  honor  of  Mr.  Morse.] 
pinniformis,  Owen,  1852,  (Lingula  pinni- 

formis)  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Wis.  &  Minn. 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  like  the  Pinna.] 
prima,   Conrad,    1847,    (Lingula    prima) 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig. 

first.] 
Lingulops,  Hall,  1871  notes  on  Brachiopoda. 

[Ety.  lingula,  a  genus  of  shells ;  opsis, 

appearance.] 
whitfieldi,  Hall,  1871,  notes  on    Brachi- 
opoda, Low.  Sil.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Maktinia,   McCoy,  1844,  syn.   Carb.   Foss., 

Ireland.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
athyroides,   Winchell,    1866,   Rep.  Low. 

Peninsula   Mich.,   Ham.    Gr.       [Ety. 

resembling  an  athyris.] 
planoconvexa,  syn.  for  Spirifera  planocon- 

vexa. 
Meekella,  White  &  St.  John,  1868,  Trans. 

Chi.  Acad.  Sci.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
striato-costata,  Cox,  1857,  (Plicatula  stri- 

ato-costata)   Geo.   Rep.    Ky.,   vol.    3, 

Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  striatus,  lined;  costa- 

tus,  ribbed.] 
Meganteris  aequiradiata,  see  Rensseheria  aequi- 

radiata. 
cumberlandise,   see    Rensseleeria    cumber- 

landiae. 
elliptica,  see  Rensselaeria  elliptica. 
elongata,  see  Amphigenia  elongata. 
Isevis,  see  Rensseleeria  lsevis. 
mutabilis,  see  Rensselaeria  mutabilis. 
ovalis,  see  Rensselaeria  ovalis. 
ovoides,  see  Rensselaeria  ovoides. 
subtrigonalis,    see    Amphigenia    elongata 

var.  subtrigonalis. 
suessiana,  see  Rensselseria  suessiana. 
Merista,  Suess,  1851,  Jahrb.  Geol.  Reichs. 

Austalt.     [Ety.  mews,  a  part.] 
arcuata,   Hall,   1859,   Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  bent  or  arched.] 


barrisi,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Mar- 
cell  us  shale.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
bella,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
bisulcata,  Vanuxem,  1843,  (Atrypa  bisul- 

cata)  Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  double-depressed.] 
doris,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Marcel- 

lus  shale.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
haskinsi,  Hall,  1862, 15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
houghtoni,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Portage  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
laevis,   Vanuxem,   1843,   (Atrypa    lsevis) 

Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Low.  Held. 

Gr.     [Sig.  smooth.] 
lata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Oris- 

kany  sandstone.      [Sig.  broad.] 
lens,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Penin- 
sula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  lentil, 

here  signifying  a  double  convex  Mer- 
ista.] 
meeki,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
princeps,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  primitive.] 
subquadrata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,   Low.   Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat 

four-cornered.] 
sulcata,  Vanuxem,  1842,  (Atrypa  sulcata) 

Geo.  Rep.   N.   Y,   Water  Lime  Gr. 

[Sig.  wavy.] 
Meristella,   Hall,   1860,   13th  Reg.   Rep. 

[Ety.  diminutive  of  Merista.] 
barrisi,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Mar- 

cellus  shale  &  Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
cylindrica,   Hall,  1852,   (Atrypa  cylin- 

drica)   Pal.  N.   Y.,  vol.  2,  Clinton  & 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  cylindrical.] 
doris,  1860,  Hall,  13th  "Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie Grit  &  Coriiiferous  Gr.     [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
elissa,  syn.  for  Meristella  nasuta. 
haskinsi,   Hall,   1860,  13th  Reg.   Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
(?)  hyale,   Billings,   18  62,   (Charionella 

(?)  hyale)  Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  1,  Guelph 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
julia,  Billings,  1862,  (Athyris  julia)  Pal. 

Foss.,  vol.  1,  Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
lenta,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4,  Oris- 

kany  sandstone.     [Sig.  heavy.] 
maria,  see  Meristina  maria. 
meta,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  4,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  having  a  conical  form.] 
multicosta,    Hall,  1862,   15th  Reg.   Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  having  many  costse.] 
nasuta,    Conrad,   1840,    (Atrypa   nasuta) 

Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Schoharie  Grit,  Up. 

Held.  Corniferous  &  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

having  a  prominent  nose.] 
prinstana,  Billings,  1862,  (Athyris  prins- 

tana)   Pal.   Foss.,  vol.   1,   Mid.   Sil. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 


116 


BRACHIOPODA. 


rostrata,   Hall,    1843,    (Atrypa    rostrata) 

Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 

&  Tully  limestone.     [Sig.  beaked.] 
scitula,  Hall,  1843,  (Atrypa  scitula)  Geo. 

4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Corniferous  Gr.    Prof. 

Hall  regards   Charionella  circe  as  a 

syn.  for  this  species.    [Sig.  pretty.] 
umbonata,   Billings,  1862,  (Athyris  urn- 

bonata)   Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Mid.   Sil. 

XSig.  protuberant.] 
unisulcata,  Conrad,   1841,   (Atrypa  uni- 

sulcata)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Up.  Held. 

&  Ham.   Gr.      [Sig.   having  one  de- 
pression.] 
Meristina,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y. 

[Ety.  Merista,  a  genus  of  shells ;  inus, 

implying  resemblance.] 
maria,    Hall,    1863,     (Meristella    maria) 

Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
nitida,  Hall,  1852,  (Atrypa  nitida)  Pal. 

N.   Y.,    vol.    2,    Niagara    Gr.      [Sig. 

smooth.] 
nitida  var.  oblata,   Hall,   1852,    (Atrvpa 

nidita  var.  oblata)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  oblate.] 
Monomerella,  Billings,  1861,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  6.     [Ety.  monos,  one ;  meros, 

apart;  ella,  diminutive  termination.] 
newberryi,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 

Pal.,  voL  2,  Niagara  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
orbicularis,  Billings,  1871,  Can.  Nat.,  vol. 

6,  Guelph  Gr.     [Sig.  orbicular.] 
prisca,  Billings,  1871,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  6,  Guelph  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
Nucleospira,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3. 

[Ety.  nucleus,  a  kernel ;  spira,  aspire.] 
barrisi,  White,   1860,   Bost.    Jour.    Nat. 

Hist.,  Kinderhook  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
concentrica,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  concentrically 

lined.] 
concinna,  Hall,  1843,  (Atrypa  concinna) 

Geo.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Hamilton  Gr. 

[Sig.  handsome.] 
elegans,   Hall,   1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
pisiformis,  Hall,  1859,(Ortbis  pisum,  1851, 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Niagara  Gr.      [Ety.   from  its  resem- 
blance to  Spirifer  pimm  of  Murchison.] 
ventricosa,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    This  species  was  first 

described  in  1856,  in  9th  Reg.  Rep.,  as 

Spirifer  a  ventricosa.    [Sig.  bulging  out.] 
Obolella,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  diminutive  of  Obolus,  a  small 

Greek  coin.] 
cselata,  Hall,  1847,  (Orbicula  c^elata)  Pal. 

N.   Y.,  vol.   1,  Hud.  Riv.   Gr.     [Sig. 

sculptured.] 
chromatica,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  colored.] 
cingulata,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig.  encircled  with 

lines.] 


circe,  Billings,  1871,  Can.  Nat.  and  Geol., 

Potsdam  .  Gr.       [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
crassa,  Hall,  1847,  (Orbicula  crassa)  Pal. 

N.   Y.,  vol.   1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Sig. 

thick.] 
desiderata,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  rare.] 
desquamata,  Hall,  1847,  (Avicula  desqua- 

mata)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  scaled  off.] 
gemma,  Billings,  1871,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  a  young  bud.] 
ida,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
miser,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Low.  Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig.  paltry.] 
nana,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1861,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,   Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig. 

dwarfish.] 
nitida,  Ford,  1863,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts, 

3rd  ser.,  vol.   5,   Low.   Potsdam  Gr. 

[Sig.  neat.] 
polita,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  (Lin- 

gula  polita)   Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig. 

smoothed.] 
pretiosa,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  valuable,  precious.] 
transversa,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  St. 

John's  Gr.       [Ety.   from  the  trans- 
versely oval  form.] 
Obolellina,  Billings,  Dec,  1871,  syn.  for  Din- 

obolus. 
canadensis,  see  Dinobolus  canadensis. 
galtensis,  see  Dinobolus  galtensis. 
magnifica,  see  Dinobolus  magnificus. 
Obolus,  Eichwald,  1829,  Zoologia  Specialis, 

vol.  1.     [Ety.  obolus,  a  small  coin.] 
canadensis,  see  Dinobolus  canadensis. 
conradi,  see  Dinobolus  conradi. 
galtemis,  see  Trimerella  galtensis. 
labradoricus,  see  Iphidea  labradorica. 
(?)  murrayi,    Billings,    1865,   Pal.   Foss., 

vol.    1,"  Quebec    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
Orbicula,  Cuvier,  1808,  syn.  for  Crania. 
cselata,  see  Obolella  cselata, 
cancellata,  see  Trematis  cancellata. 
corrugata,  see  Crania  corrugata. 
crassa,  see  Obolella  crassa. 
deformata,  see  Crania  deformata. 
excentrica,  see  Crania  excentrica. 
filosa,  see  Schizocrania  filosa. 
grandis,  see  Discina  grandis. 
larnellosa,  see  Discina  lamellosa. 
lodensis,  see  Discina  lodensis. 
minuta,  see  Discina  minuta. 
nitida,  see  Discina  nitida. 
prima,  see  Crania  prima. 
quadricoslata,  see  Crania  quadricostata. 
squamiformis,  see  Pholidops  squamiformis. 
subtruncata,  see  Pholidops  subtruncatus. 
,     tenuilamellata,  see  Crania  tenuilamellata. 
terminalis,  see  Trematis  terminalis. 
truncata,  see  Crania  truncata. 
Orthis,   Dalman,   1827,   Kongl.  Vet.  Acad. 

Handl.     [Ety.  orthos,  straight,  in  allu- 
sion to  the  straight  hinge  li  ne.] 


BRACHIOPODA. 


117 


acuminata,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.   [Sig.  sharp-pointed.] 
acutilirata,  Conrad,  1842,  (Delthyris  acut- 
ilirata) Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8, 

Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  sharply  ridged.] 
sequivalvis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  equal- valved.] 
zequivalva,   Shaler.      The  name  was  pre- 
occupied. 
xquivalvis,  Hall,  1857,  syn.  for  Orthis  eryna. 

Moreover  the  name  was  preoccupied. 
alata,   Shaler.     The  name  was  preoccu- 
pied, 
alsus,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie Grit.     [Sig.  cold.  (?)] 
anticostiensis,  syn.  for  Orthis  porcata. 
apicalis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  sharp-pointed.] 
arctostriata.  Hall,  I860,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  closely  striated.] 
armanda,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
assimilis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  very-like.] 
aurelia,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
barabuensis,  Winched,  1864,  Am.  Jour. 
j    Sci.  &  Arts,  2nd  ser.,  vol.  37,  Potsdam 

Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
battis,   Billings,   1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.       [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
bellarugosa,   Conrad,   1843,   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.   Phil.,  vol.    1,   Trenton   Gr. 

*[Sig.  beautifully  wrinkled.] 
bellula,   James,  1873,   Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  1, 

Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  pretty.] 
biforata,   Schlotheim,    1820,    (Terebratu- 

lites     biforatus)     Petrefact,    Trenton 

&  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  two-holed  or 

double-doored.] 
billingsi,   Hartt,   1868,   Acad.   Geol.,    St. 

John's  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
biloba,  Linnaeus,  1749,  (Anomia  biloba) 

Linne.  Syst.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  two- 

lobed.] 
bilobata,  Conrad,   1838,    (Delthyris    bilo- 

bata)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,   Low.   Held. 

Gr.    The  name  was  preoccupied  by 

Sowerby. 
bisulcata,  see  Camarella  bisulcata. 
borealis,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.   Geo., 

vol.   4,   Chazy  &  Trenton   Gr.     [Sig. 

northern.] 
carbonaria,  Swallow,  1858,  syn.  for  Orthis 

pecosi. 
carinata,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Portage  &  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig. 

keeled.] 
carleyi,  svn.  for  Orthis  retrorsa. 
centrilineata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,   Hud.   Riv.    Gr.       [Ety.   centrum, 

center;   lineatus,  striated.] 
circulus,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  a  circle.] 
clarkensis,  Swallow,   1863,  Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 


cleobis,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Onon- 
daga limestone  &  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety. 
mythological  name.] 

clytie,  Hall,  1861,  14th  Reg.  Rep.,  Cin'ti 
Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

coloradoensis,  Shumard,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

coloradoensis,  Meek,  1870,  see  0.  desmo- 
pleura. 

concinna,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  handsome.] 

cooperensis,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

corinna,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Quebec  Gr.  [E«ty.  mythological 
name.] 

costalis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  ribbed.] 

costata,  Hall,  1845.  This  name  was  pre- 
occupied by  Sowerby  in  1839. 

crassa,  Meek,  1874,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour.  Sci., 
vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  thick.] 

crispata,  Emmons,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  curled.] 

cumberlandia,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Oriskany  sandstone.    [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

cuneata,  Owen,    1852,    Geo.    Sur.   Wis., 

Iowa    and    Minn.,    Devonian.     [Sig. 

wedge-shaped.  ] 
cyclas,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.    [Sig.  of  a  round  form.] 
cyclus,  syn.  for  Orthis  multisecta. 
cypha,  syn.  for  Orthis  crassa. 
davidsoni,  Verneuil,    1840,  Bull.    Geol. 

Soc.  France,  vol.  5,  Up.  Sil.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
deflecta,  see  Streptorhynchus  deflectus. 
deformis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  deformed.] 
delicatula,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  quite  delicate.] 
dentata,    Pander,    1830,    (Porambonites 

dentatus)  Bietr.  Geogn.  Russl.,  Trent. 

and  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  toothed.] 
desmopleura,  Meek,  1870,  Hayden's  Geo. 

Rep.,  Silurian.     [Ety.  desmos,  a  band ; 

pleura,  the  side.] 
dichotoma,  syn.  for  Orthis  fissicosta. 
discus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  quoit.] 
disparilis,  Conrad,  1843,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  different.] 
dubia,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  Warsaw  Gr.    [Sig.  doubtful.] 
electra,  Billings.  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec    Gr.      [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
elegantula,   Dalman,   1827,   Kongl.    Yet. 

Acad.  Handl.,  Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  quite  elegant.] 
ella,  Hall,  1861,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,   Cin'ti 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
emacerata,  Hall,   1860,   13th  Reg.  Rep., 

Cin'ti  Gr.    [Sig.  made- lean.] 


118 


BRACHIOPODA. 


emarginata,  see  Orthis  oblata  var.  emargi- 
nata.l 

eminens,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  conspicuous.] 

erratica,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  wandering.] 

eryha,  Hall,  1867, (Corrigenda,  eryna)Pal. 

x  N.  Y.,  vol.  4,  Cornif.  Gr.  [Ety.  my- 
thological name.]     Named  instead  of 

0.  sequivalvis  in  10th  Reg.  Rep. 
eudocia,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

euryone,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

evadne,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

fasciata,  Hall*  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  striped.] 

fissicosta,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Cin'ti  Gr.   [Sig.  having  divided  costse. ] 

fissiplica,  Roemer,  1860,  Sil.  Fauna  West 
Tenn.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  having  di- 
vided plications.] 

flabellum,  Hall,  1843.  This  name  was  pre- 
occupied by  Sowerby  in  1839. 

flava,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  yellow.] 

gemmicula,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  bud.] 
gibbosa,    Billings,  1857,   Rep.   of  Progr., 

Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  gibbous,  tumid.] 
hipparionyx,  Vanuxem,    1843,    (Hippa- 
rionyx proximus)  Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist. 

N.   Y.,  Oriskany  sandstone.    [Sig.  a 

colt's  hoof.] 
hippolyte,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,   Quebec  Gr.      [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
hybrida,  Sowerby,  1839,  Murch.  Sil.  Syst., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  hybrid.] 
idonea,   Hall,   1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,   vol.    4, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  suitable.] 
imperator,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  chief.] 
impressa,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  impressed.] 
insequalis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  of  Iowa,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  unequal.] 
insculpta,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  &  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Sig.  engraved.] 
insignis,  see  Skenidium  insignis. 
interlineata,  Sowerby,  see  Orthis  tioga. 
interstrialis,  Phillips,  1841,  Pal.  Foss.,  De- 
vonian.     [Sig.    interstriated.]      This 

species  is  probably  foreign  to  America, 
iowensis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  of  Iowa,  Ham. 

Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
iowensis  var.  furnarius,  Hall,  1858,  Geo. 

of  Iowa,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  (?).] 
iphigenia,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  Gr.      [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
jamesi,  Hall,  1861,  14th  Reg.  Rep.,  Cin'ti 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
kankakensis,    McChesney,     1860,    Desc. 

New  Pal.  Foss.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 


keokuk,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety.  .proper  name.] 
This  species  was  referred  to  Orthis 
umbraculum  of  DeKoninck  by  Owen. 
lasalknsis,  McChesney,  1860,  New  Pal. 
Foss.  Prof.  Meek  regards  this  as  a 
syn.  for  Streptorhynchus  crassus. 
laticosta,  James,  1873,  Pal.  Ohio,  vol.  1, 

Cin'ti  Gr.      [Sig.  broad-ribbed.] 
laurentina,  Billings,    1857,  Rep.  of  Geo. 
Sur.   Can.,   Mid.   Sil.      [Ety.    proper 
name.] 
lentieularis,  Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  Rep. 
3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Cornif.  Gr.    [Sig.  len- 
ticular.] 
lentiformis,  Vanuxem,   1842,   Geo.  Rep. 
3rd   Dist.    N.   Y,   Cornif.   Gr.      [Sig. 
lens-shaped.] 
leonensis,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lepida,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.    [Sig.  pretty.] 
lepis,  as  identified  by  d'Archiac  &  Ver- 

neuil.     Not  American, 
leptamoides,   Emmons.   1842,  Geo.  Rep. 
N.  Y.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  in  the  form 
of  a  Leptaena.] 
leucosia,    Hall,    1860,    13th    Reg.    Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.]  ' 
limitaris,  see  Leiorhynchus  limitaris. 
livia,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Jour.  Ind.  Sci. 
and  Art,  Cornif.  Gr.      [Ety.  Roman 
proper  name.] 
lucia,   Billings,   1874,   Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lynx,  Eichwald,  1830,  (Terebratula  lynx) 
Nat.  Kizze  von  Podol.,  Trenton  and 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Ety.   the  name    of 
a  quadruped  of  the  genus  Felis.} 
maria,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  Maria,  Mary  a  proper 
name.] 
macfarlani,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad. 
Sci.,  vol.   1,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
media,  Shaler,  1865,  Bui.  No.  4,  M.  C.  Z., 
Anticosti  Gr.     This  is  probably  only  a 
variety  of  0.  elegantula. 
meeki,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 
Sci.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 
name.]    A  variety  of  O.  testudinaria. 
merope,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton    Gr.       [Ety.    mythological 
name.] 
michelini,     (Terebratula     michelini) 
L'Eveille,    1835,    Mem.    Soc.    Geol. 
France,    vol.    2,    Low.   Carb.      [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
michelini  var.  burlingtonensis,  Hall,  1858, 
Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.    [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
minna,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
missouriensis,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep. 
Mo.,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
missourienm,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  This 
name  was  preoccupied. 


BRACHIOPODA. 


119 


mitis,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie grit.     [Sig.  moderate.] 

morrowensis,  syn.  for  Orthis  ella  (?) 

multisecta,  James,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  1, 
Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  having  manv  paths.] 

multistriata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  many-striated.] 

musculosa,  Hall,  1857,  Pal.  Foss.,  Oris- 
kanv  sandstone.  [Sig.  full  of  muscles.] 

mycale,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
"  Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

nisis,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

nucleus,  svn.  for  Amboccelia  umbonata. 

oblata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  X.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  broader  than  long.] 

oblata  var.  eniarginata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal. 
N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig. 
notched  at  the  end.] 

occasus,  Hall,  1860, 13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 
Gr.    [Sig.  the  west.] 

occidentalis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
1,  Trenton  to  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
western.] 

orbicularis,  Sowerbv,  1839,  Murrh.  Sil. 
Syst.,  Up.  Sil.    [Sig.  orbicular.] 

orthambonites,  Pander,  as  figured  by 
Murchison  &  Verneuil,  1845,  Russia 
and  Ural  mountains,  Quebec  Gr. 
[Sig.  straight-umbo.] 

pecosi,  Marcou,  1858,  Geo.  N.  America, 
Coal  Meas.  This  species  was  subse- 
quently described  by  Swallow  under 
the  name  of  Orthis  carbonaria.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

pecten,  as  identified  by  d'Archiac  &  Ver- 
neuil.    Not  American. 

pectinella,  Conrad,  1840,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  a 
little  comb.] 

pectinella  var.  semiovalis,  Hall,  1847, 
Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol  1,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig. 
half-oval.] 

peduncularis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  foot.] 
peloris,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie grit.      [Sig.  Peloris,  an  existing 
shell  fish.] 

penelope,  Hall,  18  60,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 
Ham.  Gr.     [Etv.  mvthological  name.] 

pepina,  Hall,  1863,"  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Pots- 
dam Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 

perelegans,  Hall,"  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  elegant.] 

perversa,  see  Streptorhynchus  perversus. 

pervetus,  Conrad,  1843,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr. 
[Sig.  very  old.] 

pigra,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo.,  vol. 

4,  Chazy  Gr.  [Sig.  sluggish.] 
pisnm,  see  Nucleospira  pisiformis. 
planoconvexa,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  planus,  level ; 
convexus,  convex.] 

platys,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo.,  vol. 

4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  broad.] 

plicata, Vanuxem,  see  Spirifera  vanuxemi. 


plicatella,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little 

fold  or  plait.] 
porcata,  McCoy,  1846,  Sil.   Foss.  of  Ire- 
land, Trenton,  Hud.  Riv.  &  Mid.  Sil. 

[Sig.  ridged.] 
porcia,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo.,  vol. 

4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
prteumbona,  see  Ambocoelia  prseumbona. 
pratteni,  McChesney,  1860,   New  Pal. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
prava,  Hall,  1858,    Geo.  of   Iowa,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  crooked.] 
propinqua,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  related  to.] 
punctostriata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  punetus,  pricked ; 

striatus,  striated.] 
pyramidalis,  see  Skenidium  pyramidalis. 
quadricostata,   see   Leiorhynchus  quadri- 

costatus. 
resupinata,   Martin,  1809,   Petref.   Derb. 

Carb.     [Sig.  upside  down.] 
resupinoides,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.   Ky., 

vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like  0.  resup- 
inata. 
retrorsa,  Salter,  1858,  Geo.  Sur.  of  G.  B., 

Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  turned 

backwards.] 
rhynchonelliformis,    Shaler,    1865,    Bui. 

No.  4,  M.  C.  Z.,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig. 

like  a  shell  of  the  genus  Rhyncho- 

nella.] 
richmonda,  syn.  for  Streptorhynchus  cras- 

sus. 
robusta,  Hall,   1858,   Geo.   Rep.   Iowa, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  robust] 
rugiplicata,  Hall,  1872,  24th    Reg.  Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  wrinkled  and  pli- 

edited  1 
ruida,   Billings,   1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 
semele,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Onon- 
daga &  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 
sinuata,  Hall,   1847,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  waved.] 
sola,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss.  Antic, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  alone.] 
solitaria,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  alone.] 
stonensis,  Safford,  1869,   Geo.  of  Tenn., 

Trenton  &  Nashville  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
ttriatiila,  Emmons,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y. 

This  name  was  preoccupied  by  Schlot- 

heim. 
strophomenoides,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.   3,   Low.   Held.   Gr.       [Sig.   like 

Strophomena. 
subcarinata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,vol.  3, 

Low.    Held.    Gr.        [Sig.    somewhat 

keeled.] 
subsequata,  Conrad,    1843,   Proc    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  1,  Chazy  to  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  somewhat  equal.] 
subjugata,  syn.  for  Orthis  occidentalis. 


120 


BRACHIOPODA. 


suborbicularis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  of  Iowa, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  orbicular.] 

subquadrata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
1,  Trenton  to  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
somewhat  quadrate.] 

subumbona,  see  Spirifera  subumbona. 

swallovi,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Eep.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

tenuidens,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  X.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  slender-toothed.] 

tenuistriata,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th 
Dist.  N.  Y.,  Portage  Gr.  [Sig.  fine- 
striated.] 

testudinaria,  Dalman,  1827,  Vet.  Acad. 
Hand.,  Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.Gr.  [Sig. 
arched  like  a  tortoise  shell.] 

thiemii,  White,  1860,  Jour.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  7,  Kinderhook  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

tioga,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4,  (O. 
inter! ineata,  Sow.,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 
N.  Y.)  Portage  &  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

tricenaria,  Conrad,  1843,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig. 
of  or  belonging  to  thirty.] 

trinucleus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  a  triple-nut.] 

triplicatella,  Meek,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 
1,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig.  having  three  plica- 
tions in  one-fold. 

tritonia,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

tubulostriata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  having  tube- 
like striae.] 

tulliensis,  Vanuxem,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  3rd 
Dist.  N.  Y.,  Tully  limestone.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

uberi,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Sig.  abundant, 
fruitful.] 

umbonata,  see  Ambocoelia  umbonata. 

umbraculum,  DeKoninck,  see  Orthis  Keo- 
kuk and  Streptorhynchus  umbracu- 
lum. 

unguiculus,  Phillips,  as  identified  by  Hall 
in  1843,  see  Ambocoelia  umbonata  var. 
gregaria. 

unguiformis,  syn.  for  Orthis  hipparionyx. 

vanuxemi,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

vanuxemi,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Portage  Gr.  The  name  was 
preoccupied. 

vanca,  Conrad,  1842,  (Delthyris  varica) 
Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  straddling.] 
Ortiiisina,  D'Orbigny,  1849.  [Ety.  orthis, 
a  genus  of  shells;  inus,  implying  re- 
sembling to.] 

alternata,  see  Streptorhynchus  perversus. 

arcto8triata,  see  Streptorhynchus  arctos- 
triatus. 

crassa,  see  Streptorhynchus  crassus. 

diversa,  Shaler,  syn.  for  Orthisina  ver- 
neuili. 


festinata,   Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  hasty.] 
grandseva,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Calcif.  Gr.     [Sig.  primeval.] 
mmouriensis,   Swallow,   1858.       Syn.    for 

Meekella  striato-costata. 
occidentalis,    Swallow,  1863,   Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Sig. 

western.] 
shumardiana,   Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
verneuili,     Eichwald,    as    identified   by 

Billings,  Trenton   &   Anticosti  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pentagonia,  Cozzens,  1846,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Ly- 
ceum, vol.  3.     [Ety.  pcnte,  five;  gonia, 

an  angle.] 
peersi,  Cozzens,  1846,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Lyce- 
um, vol.  3,  Devonian.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Pentamerella,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4. 

[Ety.  diminutive  of  Pentamerus,'] 
arata,  Conrad,   1841,    (Atrypa  arata  and 

Atrypa  octo-costata)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Schoharie    grit    and    Up.   Held.   Gr. 

[Sig.  plowed,  furrowed.] 
dubia,  Hall,  1860,  (Spirifer  dubius)  13th 

Reg.  Rep.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 
micula",   Hall,   1867,   Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  very  small  crumb.] 
obsolescens,  Hall,  18(57,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Devonian.     [Sig.  obsolete.] 
papilionensis,    Hall,    1858,    (Pentamerus 

papilionensis)  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  vol.  1, 

pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pentamerus,  Sowerby,   1814,  Min.  Conch., 

vol.  1.     [Ety.  penta,  five ;  meros,  apart- 
ments.] 
aratus,  see  Pentamerella  arata. 
arcuosus,  McChesney,    1861,    New    Pal. 

Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  arched,  bent 

over.] 
barrandi,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Mid.  Sil.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
bisinuatus,   McChesney,  1861,  New  Pal. 

Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  baving  two 

depressions.] 
borealis,  Meek,  1868,   Trans.  Chi.   Acad. 

Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  northern.]    This 

name  was  preoccupied  by  Eichwald 

in  1840. 
brevirostris,  Sowerby,  1839,  (Terebratula 

brevirostris)  Murch.  Sil.  Syst.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  short-beaked.] 
chicagoensis,   Winchell  &  Marcy,    1865, 

Mem.   Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
comis,  Owen,  1852,  (Atrypa  comis)  Geo. 

Sur.  Wis.,  Iowa  and  Minn.,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  nice,  delicate.] 
crassiradiatus,  McChesney,1861,New  Pal. 

Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  thick-rayed.] 
elongatus,  see  Amphigenia  elongata. 
fornicatus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  arched  or  vaulted 

over.] 


BRACHIOPODA. 


121 


galeatiformis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  syn.  for 
P.  galeatus. 

galeatus,  Dalman,  1827,  (Atrypa  galeatus) 
Vet.  Acad.  Handl.,  Low.  Held.  Gr. 
[Sig.  helmet-shaped.] 

intralineatus,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 
Penin.  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  marked 
with  lines  on  the  inside.] 

knappi,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

knighti,  Sowerby,  1812,  Min.  Conch.,  vol. 
1,  Devonian.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 

littoni,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  &  Niagara.  Gr.  LEty. 
proper  name.] 

multicostatus,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr. 
"Wis.  Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  many- 
ribbed.] 

nucleus,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep.,  Clin- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  a  kernel.] 

nysius,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
There  are  two  varieties,  one  having 
coarse  and  the  other  finer  radii. 
These  are  designated  P.  nysius  car. 
eratsicostus  and  P.  nysius  var.tenuicostus. 

oblongus,  Sowerby,  1839,  Murch.  Sil. 
Syst.,  Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
longer  than  broad.] 

oblongus  WW.  cylindricus,  Hall,  1872.  24th 
Reg.  Rep.,  Niag.  Gr.    [Sig.  cylindrical.] 

occidentalis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Guelph  Gr.     [Sig.  western.] 

u<xi(i''nt«lL%  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Ham.  Gr.  This  name  was  preoccupied. 
The  species  is  now  referred  to  the 
genus  Gypidula,  bv  the  author. 

ovalis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Clin- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  egg-shaped.] 

jKipilionrnsis.  see  Pentamerella  papilron- 
ensis. 

pergibbosus,  Hall  &  "Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 
Pal.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  very 
gibbous.] 

pseudogaleatus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y., 
vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  false 
galeatus.] 

revenue,  see  Anastrophia  reversa.. 

salinensis,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Devonian.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

similior,  "Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865,  (Spiri- 
fera  similior)  Mem.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 
Hist.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  from  its  re- 
semblance to  Spirifera  bicontata.] 

>ul>globosus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  some- 
what globose.] 

trisinuatus,  McChesney,  1861,  Desc. 
New  Pal.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
marked  with  three  depressions.] 

ventricosus,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  Progr.  Wis. 
Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.  bulging  out.] 

verneuili.  sec  Anastrophia  vcrneuili. 
PnoLinops,   Hall,   1859,   Pal.   N.  Y,  vol.  3, 
[Etv.  pholis,  pholidos.  a  scale.] 

arenaria,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Oriskany  sandstone.     [Sig.  sandy.] 
16 


areolata,  Hall,  1863, 16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie grit.  [Sig.  divided  into  irregular 
squares  or  angular  spaces.] 

cincinnatiensis,  Hall,  1872,  Pamphlet, 
Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

hamiltonise,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep. 
N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

linguloides,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  LingvJa.] 

oblata,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  4,  Ham. 
Gr.    [Sig.  oblate.] 

ovalis,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 
4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  oval.] 

ovata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  egg-shaped.] 

squamiformis,  Hall,  1843,  (Orbicula 
squamiformis)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N. 
Y.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  in  the  form  of 
a  scale.] 

subtruncata,  Hall,  1847,  (Orbicula  sub- 
truncata)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv. 
Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  shortened.] 

tenninalis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  termin- 
ating.] 

trentonensis,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Platystrophia,  syn.  for  Orthis. 

regularis,  syn.  for  Orthis  lynx. 
Plcctambonites  area,  syn.  for  Leptsena  trans- 
versalis. 

glabra,  syn.  for  Leptsena  sericea. 

tenera,  syn.  for  Leptsena  transversalis. 
Plicatula,  Lamarck,  1809. 

striatocostata,  see  Meekella  striatocostata. 
Porambonites,  Pander,   1830,  Beitrage  zur 
Geog.  des  Russichen  Reiches.     [Ety. 
poros,  opening ;  ambon,  umbone.] 

dentatus,  see  Orthis  dentata. 

ottawsensis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Productella,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
[Sig.  diminutive  of  Productus.] 

arctirostrata,  Hall,  1857,  (Productus  arcti- 
rostratus)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Chemung 
Gr.     [Sig.  narrow-beaked.] 

bialveata,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  double-chan- 
neled.] 

bovdi,  Hall,  1857,  (Productus  bovdii) 
*10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

concentrica,  Hall,  1857,  (Productus  con- 
centricus)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Kinder- 
hook  Gr.     [Sig.  concentrically  lined.] 

cqstatula,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  small-ribbed.] 

costatula  rar.  strigata,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N. 
Y.,  vol.  4,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  fur- 
rowed.] 

dumosa,  Hall,  1861,  (Productus  dumosus) 
14th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
bushy.] 

eriensis,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag.,  n. 
s.,  vol.  1,  Corn  if.  Gr,  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 


122 


BRACHIOPODA. 


exanthemata,  Hall,  1857,  (Produetus  ex- 

anthematus)    10th  Reg.    Rep.,   Hani. 

Gr.     [Sig.  covered  with  eruptions.] 
hirsuta,  Hall,  1857,  (Produetus  hirsutus) 

10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Sig. 

rough,  hairy.] 
hirsuta  var.    rectispina,  Hall,  1867,  Pal. 

N.  Y.,  vol.  4,   Chemung  Gr.      [Sig. 

straight-spined.] 
hystricula,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N,  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  somewhat  cov- 
ered with  spines.] 
lachrymosa,  Conrad,  1842,  (Strophomena 

lachrymosa)  Jour.   Acad.    Nat.    8ci., 

vol.   8,  Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.   full  of 

tears.] 
lachrymosa    var.     lima,     Conrad,     1842, 

(Strophomena  lima)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,    vol.    8,    Chemung    Gr.      [Sig. 

crooked  or  rough.] 
laychrymosa  var.  stigmata,  Hall,  1867,  Pal. 

N.    Y.,    vol.   4,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig. 

marked,  branded.] 
navicella,   Hall,   1857,   (Produetus   navi- 

cella)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Cornif.  &  Ham. 

Gr.    [Sig.  a  small  boat.] 
newberryi,  Hall,  1857,  (Produetus  new- 

berryi)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Chemung  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
onusta,  Hall,  1867,   Pal.    N.    Y.,   vol.   4, 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  filled.] 
papulata,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  pimpled.] 
pyxidata,   Hall,   1858,    (Produetus  pyxi- 

datus)  Geo.  of  Iowa,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

made  like  a  box.] 
rarispina,   Hall,  1857,   (Produetus  raris- 

pinus)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Chemung  Gr. 

[Sig.  having  few  spines.] 
shumardiana,   Hall,    1858,    (Produetus 

shumardianus)  Geo.  Rep.  of  Iowa,  vol. 

1,  pt.  2,  Cornif.  Gr.,  Marcellus  shale, 

Ham.  Gr.,  Burlington  and  Tully  lime- 
stone.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
speciosa,   Hall,   1857,  (Produetus  specio- 

sus)  10th   Reg.   Rep.,   Chemung  Gr. 

[Sig.  beautiful.] 
spinulicosta,  Hall,  1857,  (Produetus  spin- 

ulicostus)  10th  Reg.   Rep.,  Marcellus 

shales  &  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  spined  and 

ribbed.] 
striatula,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.   somewhat  stri- 
ated.] 
subaculeata,  Murchison,  1840,  (Produetus 

subaculeatus)  Bui.  Soc.Geo.  de  France, 

vol.  5,   Cornif.   Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat 

prickly.] 
subalata,  Hall,  1857,  (Produetus  subala- 

tus)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

somewhat  winged.] 
truncata,  Hall,  1857,  (Produetus  trunca- 

tus)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Marcellus  shales 

&  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  cut  short] 
tullia,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


Productus,    Sowerby,    1814,   Min.    Conch., 

vol.  1.     [Ety.  productus,  produced — so 

named  from  one   valve  of  the  shell 

being    prolonged  beyond   the  other, 

and  often  to  a  great  extent.] 
sequicostatus,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep. 

Mo.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  equal-ribbed.] 
alternatus,    Norwood    &    Pratten,    1854, 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat,  Sci.,  2d  series,  vol.  3, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  alternating.] 
altonensis,    Norwood     &  Pratten,   1854, 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2d  series,  vol.  3, 

Chester  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
americanus,   Swallow,    1863,    Trans.   St. 

Louis    Acad.    Sci.,   Up.    Coal    Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
arctirostratus,  see  Productella  aretirostrata. 
areuatus,    Hall,    1858,   Geo.   Rep.  Iowa, 

Kinderhook   Gr.      [Sig.  arched,  bent 

over.] 
asper,  McChesney,  syn.  for  P.  nebrascen- 

sis. 
auriculatus,   Swallow,    1863,    Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.   Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

having  ear-like  appendages.] 
biseriatus,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.   Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.   in   double 

rows  or  series.] 
boonensis,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
boudi,  see  Productella  boydi. 
calhounianus.  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas..   [Ety. 

proper  name.]    Prof.   Meek  regarded 

this  name  as  a  synonym  for  P.  semi- 

reticulatus. 
callawayensis,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 

Louis    Acad.    Sci.,    Low.    Devonian. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
cancrini,  as  identified  by  Geinitz,   is  P. 

pertenuis  of  Meek. 
capaci,  D'Orbigny,  1843,  as  identified  by 

early  authors,  is  referred  to  P.  longi- 

spinus. 
cestriensis,    Worthen,    1860,    Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chester  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
clavus,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854,  Jour. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2nd  series,  vol.  3,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  club-shaped.] 
comoides,    as   identified  by  d'Archiac  & 

Veneuil.     Not  American. 
concentricus,  see  Productella  concentrica. 
confragosus,   Harlan,   1835,  Trans.  Geo. 

Soc.   Penn.,  Carb.      [Sig.   rough,  un- 
even.] 
cooperensis,  Swallow,    1860,    Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
cora,  d'Orbigny,  1842,  Geol.Voy.  Amer., 

Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
cora  var.  mogoyoni,  Marcou,  1858,  Geo. 

N.  Amer.,  Low.  Carb.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
coriformis,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.    Sci.,    Low.    Carb.      [Sig.  like 

Produetus  cora.} 


BRACHtOPOkA. 


123 


costatoides,    Swallow,    1858,    Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

resembling  P.  costatm.} 
costatus,    Sowerby,    1827,    Min.   Conch. 

vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ribbed.]    It 

is  doubtful  whether  this  species  has 

been  identified  in  America.] 
curtirostratus,     Winchell,      1865,     Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig. 

short-beaked.] 
delawari,  Marcou,  1858,  Geol.  N.  Arner., 

Low.  Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
depressus,  Sowerby,  1825,  see  Strophomena 

depressa. 
depressus,   Swallow,    1863,   Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Low.   Carb.      [Sig. 

depressed.] 
dissimilis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  of  Iowa,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  unlike,  various.] 
dolorosus,   Winchell,   1865,   Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,    Chemung  Gr.       [Sig. 

wretched.] 
dumosus,  see  Productella  dumosa. 
duplicostatus,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Sig.  double- 
plicated.] 
eltgans,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854.     This 

name  was  preoccupied,  and  the  fossil 

is  now  named  P.  cestriemis. 
exanihematus,  see  Productella  exanthem- 
ata, 
fasciculatus,  McChesney,  1860,  New  Pal. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  bundled.] 
fentonensis,  Swallow,   1863,  Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
flemingi,  Sowerby,   1814,   Min.    Conch., 

vol.   1,   Low.   Carb.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
flemingi  var.  burlingtonensis,  Hall,  1858, 

Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Burlington  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
gracilis,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Cuyahoga  shale.     [Sig.  slender.] 
gradatus,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  made 

with  steps.] 
hildrethianus,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854, 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2nd  ser.,  vol.  3, 

Coal  Meas.  ,  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hirsutus,  see  Productella  hirsuta. 
horridus,  Geinitz,  1866.     This  name  was 

preoccupied;    moreover    Prof.    Meek 

regarded  the  fossil  as  P.  hngispinus. 
indianensis,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.    4,    Warsaw    Gr.     [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
inflatus,  syn.  for  P.  semireticulatus. 
ivesi,    Newberry,    1861,    Ives'   Col.  Ex. 

Exped.,    Mid.    Carb.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
lasallensis,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  5,  Up.  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
kevicostus,  White,  1860,  Bost.  Jour.  Nat. 

Hist.,  Kinder  hook  Gr.     [Sig.  smooth- 
ribbed.] 


latissimus,   Sowerby,  1822,  Min.  Conch., 

Carb.     [Sig.  very  wide.] 
longispinus,  Sowerby,  1814,  Min.  Conch., 

vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  long-spined.] 
lobatus,  as  identified  by  d'Archiac  &  Ver- 

neuil.     Not  American, 
magnicostatus,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 

Louis    Acad.   Sci.,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

large-ribbed.] 
magnus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861,  Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  large.] 
marginicinctus,   Prout,   1857,  Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig. 

encircled  with  a  depression  near  the 

margin.] 
mesialis,   Hall,   185  8,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  middle-parted.] 
mexicanus,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
morbillianus,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Burlington  Gr.   [Sig.  measly, 

spotted.] 
multistriatus,   Meek,   1860,   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig.   many- 
lined.] 
muricatus,  Norwood  &  Pratten,   1854, 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas. 

Prof.  Meek  regarded  this  as  a  syn.  for 

P.   longispinm.     [Sig.   full  of  sharp 

points.] 
natricella,  see  Productella  navicella. 
nebrascensis,  Owen,  1852,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis., 

Iowa  &  Minn.,  Coal  Meas.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
nodosus,  Newberry,  1861,  Ives'  Col.  Ex. 

Exped.  Carb.    [Sig.  knotty.] 
norwoodi,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
occidentalis,  Newberry,  1861,  Ives'  Col. 

Ex.  Exped.,  Up.  Carb.    [Sig.  western.] 
orbignyanus,   Geinitz,  1866.      This  nanio 

was  preoccupied  by  Sowerby  in  1822. 
ovatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  St. 

Louis  Gr.    [Sig.  egg-shaped.] 
parvulus,    Winchell,   1863,  Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.   very 

small.] 
parvus,   Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.    Phil.,    Chester   Gr. 

[Sig.  small.] 
pertenuis,  Meek,  1872,  Pal.  E.  Neb.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  very  thin.] 
phillipsi,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854,  Jour. 

Acad.   Nat.  Sci.,   vol.  3,  2nd  series, 

Low.  Carb.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pUeiformis,  syn.  for  Productus  cora. 
pileolus,     Snumard,     1858,     Trans.     St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Sig. 

a  little  bonnet  or  cap.] 
popii,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.   [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
portlockianus,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854, 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2nd  series,  vol. 

3,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


124 


BRACHTOPODA. 


prattenianus,  Norwood,  1854,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  2nd  series,  vol.  3,  Coal 

Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
punctatus,   Martin,    1809,  Petrif.    Derb., 

Low.    Carb.   and   Coal    Meas.       [Sig. 

covered  with  points,  dotted.] 
pyxhdatus  see  Productella  pyxidata. 
rarispinus,  see  Productella  rarispina. 
rogersi,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854,  Jour. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,   Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.]     Prof.   Meek  regarded 

this  as  a  synonym  for  P.  iiebrascensis. 
scabriculus,    (Conchyliolithus  Anomites 

scabriculus)     Martin,     1809,     Petrif. 

Derb.,  Carb.     [Sig.  rough.] 
scitulus,   Meek  &  Worthen,    1860;  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.   Sci.,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig. 

neat,  pretty.]  : 
semipunctatus,    Hildreth,    1838,   syn.    for 

P.  punctatus. 
semireticulatus,  Martin,   1809,  {Conchyli- 
olithus Anomites  semireticulatus)  Petrif. 

Derb.,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig.  half-like  a 

net  or  lattice  work.] 
semistriatus,  Meek,  1860,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  half-striated.] 
setigerus,   Hall,   1858,  Geo.   Rep.   Iowa, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  bearing  bristles  on 

the  back.] 
setigerus  var.  keokuk,    Hall,  1858,  Geo. 

Rep.  Iowa,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
shumardianus,  see  Productella  shumardi- 

ana. 
speciosus,  see  Productella  speciosa. 
spinulicostus,  see  Productella  spinulicosta. 
spinulosus,  Sowerby,  1814,  Min.  Conch., 

vol.  1,  Carb.     [Sig.  full  of  spines.] 
splendens,    Norwood    &    Pratten,    1854, 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.   Sci.    Phil.,   vol.   3, 

Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  splendid.]      Prof. 

Meek  regarded  this  as  a  synonym  for 

P.  longispinus. 
subaculeatus,  see  Productella  subaculeata. 
subalatus,  see  Productella  subalata. 
symmetricus,   McChesney,  1860,  Desc. 

New  Pal.   Foss.,   Coal   Meas.       [Sig. 

symmetrical.] 
tenuicostus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  slender- ribbed.] 
tenuistriatus,  Verneuil,  1845,  Geol.  Rus- 
sia &  Ural  Mountains,   Carb.     [Sig. 

fine-lined.] 
truncatus,  see  Productella  truncata. 
tubulospinus,   McChesney.       Syn.   for  P. 

punctatus. 
viminalis,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,   vol.    9,   Burlington   Gr. 

[Sig.  bearing  twigs.] 
vittatus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Keo- 
kuk  Gr.       [Sig.  bound  in  a  fillet  or 

hair-lace.] 
wabashensis,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  syn.  for 

P.  longispinus. 
nilberianus,  McChesney,  syn.   for  P.  ne- 

brascerms. 
wortheni,  Hall,   1858,   Geo.   Rep.   Iowa, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


Pseuoocrania,  McCoy,  1851,  Ann.  &  Mag. 
Nat.  Hist.,  2d  series,  vol.  8.  [Ety. 
pseudo,  false  ;  Crania,  a  genus  of  shells. 

anomala,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen. 
Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  irregular.] 
Renssel^ria,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

sequiradiata,  Conrad,  1842,  (  A  try  pa 
ajquiradiata)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
vol.  8,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  equal- 
rayed.] 

conradi,  McChesney,  1861,  New  Pal. Foss., 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

cumberlandipe,  Hall,  1857,  (Meganteris 
cumberlandiaj)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Oris- 
kany sandstone.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

elliptica,  Hall,  1857,  (Meganteris  elliptica) 
10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig. 
elliptical.  ] 

elongata,  see  Amphigenia  elongata. 

intermedia,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  intermedi- 
ate.] 

johanni,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4,  Up. 
Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

laevis,  Hall,  1857,  (Meganteris  kevis)  10th 
Peg.  Pep.,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig. 
smooth.] 

lievis,  Meek,  1868.  This  name  was  pre- 
occupied. 

marylandica,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Oriskany  sandstone.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

mutabilis,  Hall,  1857,  (Meganteris  muta- 
bilis)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low.  Held.  Gr. 
[Sig.  changing,  variable.] 

ovalis,  Hall,  1857,  (Meganteris  oval  is) 
10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Oriskanv  sandstone. 
[Sig.  oval.] 

ovoides,  Eaton,  1832,  (Terebratula  ovoi- 
des)  Geo.  Text-book,  Oriskany  sand- 
stone.    [Sig.  ovoid.] 

suessiana,  Hall,  1857,  (Meganteris    sues- 
siana)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Oriskany  sand- 
stone.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Retzia,  King,  1850,  Monograph  of  Permian 
Foss.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

altirostris,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig. 
high-beaked.] 

compressa,  Meek,  1864,  Pal.  California, 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  compressed.] 

eugenia,  Billings,  1861,  Can.  Jour.,  Ham. 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

marcyi,  Shumard,  1854,  (Terebratula 
marcyi)  -Marcy's  Exp.  Red  Riv.,  Coal 
Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

meekiana,  Shumard,  1858,Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

mormoni,  Marcou,  1858,  (Terebratula 
mormonii)  Geo.  N.  Amer.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  proper  name.]  This  species  was 
subsequently,  though  in  the  same 
year,  described  by  Shumard  under 
the  name  R.  punctilifera. 


BRACHtO-PODA. 


125 


osagensis,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
papillata,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     v[Sig.  pim- 
pled.] 
popiana,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
punclili fm (,     Shumard,     185S,     syn.    for 

Retzia  mormoni. 
poly  pleura,  Winehell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.    Sci.,  Portage   Gr.      [Sig.   many- 
sided.] 
gubgloboea,   McChesney,  syn.    for  Retzia 

mormoni. 
vera,    Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Kas- 

kaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  true,  natural.] 
vera  var,   costata,   Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep. 

Iowa,  Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  ribhed.] 
verneuiliana,  Hall,  1856,Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.   4,    Warsaw   Gr.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
Riiync  jionella,    Fischer,   1809,   Mem.  Soc. 

Imp.   Mosc.     [Ety.  rhynchos,  a   beak ; 

eOa,  little.] 
abriipta,    Hall,    1S59,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.    Held.   Gr.       [Sig.    terminating 

abruptly.] 
acadiensis,"  Davidson,  1863,   Quar.   Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  19,  Low.  Carb.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
acinus,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  cherry  stone.] 
acutiplicata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,   Low.    Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  having  pli- 
cations acutely  angular.] 
acutirostris,  Hall,  1847,     (Atrypa  acuti- 

rostra)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.   1,  Chazy  Gr. 

[Sig.  sharp-beaked.] 
requivalvis,  Hall,  1857,  10th   Reg.   Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  equal- valved.] 
sequiradiata,  Hall,  1852,  (Atrypa  sequira- 

diata)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr. 

[Sig.  equal-rayed.] 
algeri,  McChesney,  I860,  New  Pal.  Foss., 

Carb.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
altilis,   Hall,   1847,    (Atrvpa  altilis)   Pal. 

N.  V.,  vol.    1,   Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.   fat, 

fed.] 
altiplicata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  high  plications.] 
cdveata,  see  Centronella  alveata. 
angulata,  Linnseus,  as  identified  by  Gei 

nitz,    syn.   for    Syntrilasma    hemipli 

catum. 
anticostiensis,  Billings,   1862,  Pal.  Foss. 

vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.   Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
aprinis,   DeVerneuil,   1845,   (Terebratula 

aprinis)  Geo.  Russia  &  Ural  Mts.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  pig's  head  (?).] 
arctirostrata,  Swallow,  18  6  3,  Trans.  St. 

Louis   Acad.   Sci.,   Low.   Carb.     [Sig. 

narrow-beaked.] 
argentea,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss, 
Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  glittering.] 


argenturbica,  White,  1874,  Rep.  Invert. 
Foss.,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig.  from  Silver 
City.] 

barquensis,  Winehell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

barrandi,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Oris- 
kany  sandstone.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

bialveata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Lower  Held.  G  r  .  [Sig.  double- 
channeled.] 

bidens,  Hall,  1852.  (Atrypa  bidens)  Pal. 
N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr.  [Sig.  having 
two  teeth.] 

bidentata,  Hisinger,  1826,  (Terebratula 
bidentata)  Vet.  Acad.  Hftndl.,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Sig.  having  two  teeth.] 

billingsi,  see  Stenoschisma  billingsi. 

boonensis,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep.  Mo., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

brevirostris,  Sowerby,  1839,  (Terebratula 
brevirostris)  Murch.  Sil.  Syst.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.  [Sig.  short-beaked.]  This 
species  is  probably  Pentamerus  brevi- 
rostris. 

campbelliana,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

camerifera,  Winehell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  [Sig.  cham- 
bered.] 

capax,  Conrad,  1842,  (Atrvpa  capax) 
Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  large,  capacious.] 

caput-testudinis,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost. 
Soc  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  like  a  turtle's  head.] 

carica,  see  Stenoschisma  carica. 

carbonaria,  McChesney,  I860,  New  Pal. 
Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  from  the  Coal 
Measures.] 

Carolina,  see  Stenoschisma  Carolina. 

eastanea,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Devonian.     [Sig.  a  chestnut.] 

congregata,  see  Stenoschisma  congrega- 
tum. 

contractu,  see  Stenoschisma  contractum. 

cooperensis,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep. 
Mo.,  Chem.  Gr.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 

corinthia,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  corinthian.] 

cuboides,  Sowerby,  (Atrypa  cuboides)  see 
R.  venustula. 

cuneata,  Dalman,  1827,  (Terebratula 
cuneata)  Vet.  Acad.  Handl.,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Sig.  wedge-shaped.] 

dawsoniana,  Davidson,  1863,  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc,  vol.  19,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

dentata,  Hall,  1847,  (Atrypa  dentata)  Pal. 
N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
having  teeth.] 

dotit,  see  Stenoschisma  dotis. 

dryope,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
"Devonian.   [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

dubia,  Hall,  1847,  (Atrypa  dubia)  Pal.  N. 
Y.,  vol.  1,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 

duplicata,  syn.  for  Stenoschisma  contract- 
urn. 


126 


BRACHIOPODA. 


eatoniiformis,  McChesney,  1860,  New 
Pal.  Foss.,  Carb.  [Ety.  from  a  re- 
semblance to  Eatonia.] 

emacerata,  Hall,  1852,  (Atrypa  emacerata) 
Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr.  [Sig. 
made  lean.] 

eminens,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  eminent,  re- 
markable.] 

endlichi,  Meek,  1876,  U.  S.  Geo.  Sur.  of 
Colorado,  Up.  Devonian.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

eva,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss., 
Antic.,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

evangelinft,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 
Low.  Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

excellens,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
2,  Devonian.     [Sig.  excellent.] 

eximia,  see  Stenoschisma  eximium. 

explanata,  McChesney,  1860,  Desc.  New 
Pal.  Foss.,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig.  made 
plane  or  smooth.] 

iitchiana,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,Oris- 
kanv  sandstone.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 

formosa,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

fringilla,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Mid.  Sil.     [Sig.  a  small  bird.] 

glacialis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Mid.  Sil.     [Sig.  icy.] 

glansfagea,  see  Centronella  glansfagea. 

grosvenori,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 
vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

guadalupse,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

heteropsis,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  of  ir- 
regular appearance.] 

Ivorsfordi,  see  Stenoschisma  horsfordi. 

hubbardi,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

huronensis,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Portage  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

ida,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Low.  Carb. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

increbescens,  syn.  for  Rhynchonella  capax. 

indentata,  Shumard,  1859,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Sig. 
indented.] 

indianensis,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 
vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

insequiplicata,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  unequally  pli- 
cated.] 

interplicata,  Sowerby,  1839,  (Terebratula 
interplicata)  Murch.  Sil.  Syst,,  Niag- 
ara Gr.     [Sig.  interplicated.] 

inutilis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  insignificant.] 

janea,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 


lacwnosa.    Not  an  American  species, 
lamellata,  Hall,  1852,  (Atrypa  lamellataj 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Coralline  limestone. 

[Sig.  having  thin  plates.] 
laura,   Billings,   syn.    for    Leiorhynchus 

multicostus. 
macra,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  long.] 
marshallensis,  AVinchell,  1862,  Proc.Acad. 

Nut.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
metallica,  White,  1874,  Rep.  Invert.Foss., 

Carb.     [Sig.  metallic] 
mica,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss.  Anti., 

Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  crumb.] 
micropleura,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  small- 
ribbed.]  ( 
missouriensis,   Shumard,    1855,    Geo.    of 

Mo.,    Chemung    Gr.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
multistriata,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 

Oriskany    sandstone.       [Sig.     many- 
striated.] 
inutabilis,   Hall,   1857,   10th   Reg.    Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  variable.] 
mutata,  Hall,' 1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  AVarsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  changing.] 
neglecta,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  overlooked.] 
neglecta  var.  scobina,  Meek,  1872,  Am. 

Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts,  3rd  series,  vol.  4, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  a  file.] 
nobilis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  notable.] 
nucleolata,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.   Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  like  a  small  nut.] 
nutrix,  Billings,   1866,   Catal.   Sil.   Foss. 

Antic ,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  the  breast, 

the  pap.] 
oblata,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Oris- 
kany sandstone.     [Sig.  oblate,  broader 

than  long.] 
obsolescens,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  old,  obsolete.] 
obtusiplicata,  Hall,  1852,  (Atrypa  obtusi- 

plicata)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  having  obtuse  plications.] 
orbicularis,  see  Stenoschisma   orbiculare. 
orientalis,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  eastern,  in  the 

eastern  provinces.] 
osagensis,  Swallow,  1858,  syn.  for  Rhyn- 
chonella uta. 
ottumwa,   AAThite,  1862,  Proc  Bost.   Soc 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  St.  Louis  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
parvini,   McChesney,  syn.  for  Camero- 

phoria  subtrigona. 
perrostellata,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,   Low.   Carb.    [Sig. 

having  a  very  little  beak.] 
persinuata,  AVinchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,   Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  very 

sinuate.] 
pisum,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  a  pea.] 


BRACHIOPODA. 


127 


planoconvexa,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  planus,  level ; 

convexus,  convex.] 
pleiopleura,  Conrad,  1841,  (Atrypa  pleio- 

pleura)  Ann.    Rep.  N.  Y.,   Oriskany 

sandstone.     [Sig.  wide-ribbed.] 
plena,  Hall,  1847,  (Atrypa  plena)  Pal.  X. 

Y.,  vol.  1,  Chazy  Gr.    [Sig.  full,  large.] 
plicata,  Hall,  1852,  (Atrypa  plicata)  Pal. 

N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Medina  Gr.   [Sis.  plaited, 

folded.] 
plicatella,  Hall,  1852,  (Atrvpa  plicatella) 

Pal.  X.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig. 

baving  small  plications.] 
plicatula,  Hall,  18*,  (Atrypa  plicatula) 

Geo.  Rep.  4th    Dist.  N,  Y.,  Clinton 

Gr.     [Sig.  having  little  plications.] 
plicifera,    Hall,  1847,    (Atrypa  plicifera) 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,   Chazy  Gr.     [Sig. 

bearing  plications.] 
principalis,   Hall,   1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 

Oriskany  sandstone.     [Sig.  principal, 

chief.] 
prolifica,  see  Stenoschisma  prolificum. 
pugnus,  Martin,  1809,  Petrif.  Derb.,  Low. 

Carb.    [Sig.  the  fist,] 
pustulosa,  White,  1860,  Bost.  Jour.  Nat. 

Hist.,   vol.    7,   Burlington   Gr.      [Sig. 

pustulose.] 
pyramidata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  made  like  a 

pyramid.] 
pyrrha,   Billings,   18(56,  Catal.   Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.      [Ety.   mytho- 
logical name.] 
quadricostata,  Hall,  1843,  (Atrypa  quadri- 

costata)  Geo.   Rep.   4th   Dist,  X.  Y., 

Genessee  slate.     [Sig.  four-ribbed.] 
quadricostata,  Hall,  1852,  (Atrypa  quadri- 
costata) Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr. 

This  name  was  preoccupied, 
ramsayi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.   3, 

Oriskany  sandstone.        [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
recurvirostra,  Hall,  1847,  (Atrypa  recur- 

virostra)  Pal.  X.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Black  Riv. 

to  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  bent-beaked.] 
reticulata,  see  Eichwaldia  reticulata, 
ricinula.  Hall,    1858,  Trans.   Alb.   Inst., 

vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  tick.] 
ringens,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  gaping, 

having  an  open  orifice.] 
robusta,   Hall,   1852,   Pal.  X.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

(Atrypa  robusta)  Clinton  Gr.      [Sig. 

robust.] 
royana,  see  Stenoschisma  rovanum. 
ri'dleyana,   Safford,   1869,   Geo.   of  Tenn. 

Xot  defined, 
rudis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  X.  Y,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  rude,  not  fashioned.] 
rugosa,  Hall,  1852,  (Atrypa  rugosa)  Pal. 

X.    Y.,    vol.    2,   Niagara    Gr.      [Sig. 

wrinkled.] 
saffordi,   Hall,   1860,   Can.  Nat.   &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Low.  Held,  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 


sageriana,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Xat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

sappho,  see  Stenoschisma  sappho. 

semiplicata,  Conrad,  1841,  (Atrypa  semi- 
plica  ta)  Ann.  Rep.  X.  Y.,  Low.  Held. 
Gr.     [Sig.  half-folded.] 

septata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  X.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  divided  by 
septa  or"  partitions.] 

sinuata,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Xat.  &  Geo.,  vol. 
5,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  wavy.] 

sordida,  Hall,  1847,  (Atrvpa  sordida)  Pal. 
N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  des- 
picable, paltry.] 

speciosa,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Oris- 
kany sandstone.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

stepliani,  see  Stenoschisma  stephani. 

subcircularis,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc. Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  [Sig.  some- 
what circular.] 

subcuboides.     Xot  an  American  species. 

subcuneata,  Hall,  1856,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 
vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat 
wedge-shaped.] 

subtrigona,  see  Camerophoria  subtrigona. 

subtrigonalis,  Hall,  1847,  (Atrypa  subtri- 
gonalis)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton 
Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  triangular.] 

sulcoplicata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Low.  Held.Gr.  [Sig.  grooved  along 
the  center  of  the  plications.] 

tennesseensis,  Roemer,  1860,  Sil.  Fauna 
West  Tenn.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

tethys,  see  Stenoschisma  tethys. 

tetraptyx,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Kinderhook  Gr.  [Sig.  hav- 
ing four-folds.] 

texiana,  Shumard,  1859,  Trans.  St,  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

thalia,  see  Stenoschisma  billingsi. 

transversa,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  wider  than 
long.] 

unica,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  single,  alone.] 

unisulcata,  see  Meristella  unisulcata. 

uta,  Marcou,  1858,  (Terebratula  uta)  Geo. 
X.  Amer.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 
name.]  This  was  subsequently  de- 
scribed by  Swallow  as  R.  osagensis. 

vellicata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  pinched.] 

ventricosa,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  bulging  out, 
bellving.] 

venustula,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Tally  limestone.  This  was  identified 
by  Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  3rd  Dist.  X. 
Y.,  as  Atrypa  aiboidex  of  Sowerby.  [Sig. 
somewhat  fair,  handsome  or  pretty.] 

vicina,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Sig.  neighbor- 
ing, near  to.] 


128 


BRACHIOPODA. 


warrenensis,   Swallow,    1860,   Trans.    St. 

Louis    Acad.    Sci.,    Low.    Devonian. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
wasatchensis,  White,  1874,  Rep.    Invert. 

Foss.,  Carb.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
whitii,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,    Marshall    Gr.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
whilii,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

This  name  was  preoccupied. 
■\\ilsoni,    Sowerby,     1818,    (Terebratula 

wilsoni)  Min.  Conch.,  vol.  2,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
wortheni,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.   4,   Warsaw   Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
Rhynchospira,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

[Ety.  rhynchos,a  beak;  spira,  a  spire.] 
deweyi,  Hall,  1856,  (Waldheimia  deweyi) 

9th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
evax,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  word  of  joy,  a 

hurra.] 
formosa,  Hall,  1856,   ( Waldheimia    for- 

mosa)  9th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low.  Held.  Gr. 

[Sig.  beautiful.] 
lepida,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  pretty.] 
nobilis,  see  Trematospira  nobilis. 
rectirostra,  see  Trematospira  rectirostra. 
subglobosa,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Schoharie  grit.     [Sig.  somewhat  glob- 
ular.] 
sinuata,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Up. 

Sil.     [Sig.  waved.] 
Rhynobolus,  Hall,  1871,  syn.  for  Trimerella. 
galtensis,  Hall,  see  Trimerella  galtensis. 
Schizocrania,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2.  [Ety.  schiza,  a  cleft;  Crania, 

a  genus  of  fossil  brachiopods.] 
filosa,  Hall,  1847,  (Orbicula  (?)  filosa)  Pal. 

N.  Y.,  vol.  1,   Cin'ti  and  Utica  Gr. 

[Sig.  thread-like,  thready.] 
Skenidium,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.  [Ety. 

a  little  tent] 
halli,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn.    Not 

defined, 
insignis,  Hall,  1859,  (Orthis  insignis)  Pal. 

N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low.  Sil.      [Sig.  distin- 
guished.] 
pyramidalis,  Hall,  1852,  (Orthis  pyramid- 

alis)  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  pyramidal.] 
Spirifera,  Sowerby,  1815,  Min.  Conch.,  vol. 

2.     [Ety.  spira,  a  spire;,  fero,  to  bear.] 
acanthoptera    Conrad,    1842,    (Delthyris 

acanthoptera)  Jour.   Acad.   Nat,  Sci., 

vol.  8,  Chemung  Gr.      [Ety.  akantha, 

a  spine;  pUron,  a  wing.] 
acuminata,     Conrad,      1839,     (Delthyris 

acuminata)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Cornif. 

and  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  sharp-pointed.] 
acuticostata,  DeKoninck,  1843,  Desc.  An. 

Foss.   Terr.   Carb.  Belg.,  Low.  Oarb. 

[Sig.  sharj>-ribbed.] 


agelaia,  Meek,  1872,  Hayden's  Geo.  Rep., 
Low.  Carb.  [Sig.  belonging  to  a  herd, 
common.] 

alta,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Sig.  high,  noble.] 

amara,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  brack- 
ish, salt.] 

angusta,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  narrow,  short,] 

annse,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

arata,  syn.  for  S.  granulifera. 

archiaci,  see  S.  disjtincta. 

arctisegmenta,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  having  narrow 
segments  or  ribs.] 

arenosa,  Conrad,  1839,  (Delthyris  are- 
nosa)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Oriskany 
sandstone.    [Sig.  sandy.] 

arrecta,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  erect, 
steep. 

aspera,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 

audacula,  Conrad,  (Delthyris  audacula) 
1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  rather  bold.] 

bialveata,  Conrad,  (Delthvris  bialveata) 
1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  double-channeled.] 

bicostata,  Vanuxem,  1842,  (Orthis  bicos- 
tatus)  Geol.  Rep.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  double-ribbed.] 

bidorsalis,  Winchell,  18  66,  Rep.  Low. 
Penin.  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  double- 
backed.] 

bifurcata,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 
vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  bifurcated, 
forked.] 

biloba,  Linnaeus,  1768,  (Anomia  biloba) 
Syst.  Nat.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  two- 
lobed.] 

bimesialis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig:  having 
two  middle  parts.] 

biplicata,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Kinderhook  Gr.  [Sig. 
two-folded  or  plaited.] 

boonensis,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

brachynota,  Hall,  1843,  (Delthyris 
brachynota)  Geo.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.. 
Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  short-ridged.] 

calcarata,  syn.  for  S.  disjuncta. 

camerata,  Morton,  1836,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
vol.  29,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  vaulted  or 
arched.] 

camerata  WW.  kansasensis,  Swallow,  1866, 
Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  2, 
Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

camerata  var.  percrassa,  Swallow,  1866, 
Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  2, 
Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  very  thick.]  This 
name  was  preoccupied  as  a  species. 


BRACHIOPODA. 


129 


capax,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  vol. 
1,  pt.  2,  Kinderhook  Gr.  [Sig.  large, 
capacious.] 

carteri,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Wa- 
verly  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

cedarensis,  Owen,  1852,  Geo.  Sur.  Wis., 
Iowa  and  Minn.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

centronata,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Cuyahoga  shale.  [Sig. 
having  knots  or  points.] 
clara,  Swallow,  1853,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig.  remark- 
able.] 

clavatula,  McChesney,  1861,  Desc.  New 
Pal.  Foss.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  little 
club.] 

clintoni,  syn.  for  S.  granulifera. 

clio,  syn.  for  S.  ziczac. 

compacta,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  joined,  compact.] 

concinna,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  handsome.] 

congesta,  syn.  for  S.  granulifera. 

consors,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  com- 
mon.] 

contracta,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geol. 
Snr.  111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig. 
contracted,  gathered.] 

cooperensis,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

corticosa,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  covered  with  thick 
bark.] 

crenistria,  see  Streptorhynchus  crenistria. 

crispa,  Hisinger,  1826,  (Terebratula 
crispa)  Act.  Acad.  Sci.  Holm.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  curled.] 

cumberlandire,  Hall,  1857, 10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

cuspidata,  Sowerby,  1812,  Min.  Conch., 
vol.  1,  Devonian.     [Sig.  pointed.] 

cycloptera,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  kuklos,  a  circle ; 
pteron,  a  wing.] 

cyrtiniformis,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep., 
Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  like  a  shell  of  the 
genus  Cyrtina.] 

decemplicata,  Hall,  1843,  (Delthyris  de- 
cemplicata)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y., 
Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  having  ten  plica- 
tions.] 

disjuncta,  Sowerby,  1840,  Trans.  Geo. 
Soc,  2nd  ser.,  vol.  5,  Chemung  Gr. 
[Sig.  divided.] 

disparilis,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Up.  Held  Gr.      [Sig.  unequal.] 

distans,  syn.  for  S.  disjuncta. 

divaricate,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Cornif.  &  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  straddling.] 

dubia,  see  Pentamerella  dubia. 

duodenaria,  Hall,  1843,  (Delthyris  duod- 
enaria)  Geol.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Scho- 
harie grit  &  Cornif.  Gr.   [Sig.  twelve.] 


duplicata,  Conrad,  1842,  (Delthyris  dupli- 
cata)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  double-plicated.] 

eatoni,  see  S.  medialis  var.  eatoni. 

engelmanni,  Meek,  1860,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Oriskany  sandstone.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

eudora,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Prog.  Wis. 
Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

euruteines,  Owen,  1840,  (Delthyris 
euruteines)  Report  on  Min.  Lands, 
Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  widely  extended ; 
from  the  long  hinge  line.] 

euruteines  var.  fornacula,  Hall,  1857,  (S. 
fornacula)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  little  oven.] 

exporrecta,  see  Cyrtia  exporrecta. 

exporrecta  var.  arrecta,  see  Cyrtia  expor- 
recta car.  arrecta. 

externa,  syn.  for  S.  disjuncta. 

extenuate,,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Kinderhook  Gr.  [Sig.  drawn  out  to 
a  thin  edge.] 

fasciger,  Keyserling  in  Owen's  report,  see 
Spirifera  camerata. 

fastigiata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  pointed,  peaked  like  a  roof.] 

filicosta,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  having 
thread-like  costse.] 

fimbriate,  Conrad,  1842,  (Delthyris  fim- 
briate) Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8, 
Oriskany  sandstone,  Schoharie  grit, 
Cornif.  and  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  fringed.] 

forbesi,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854,  Jour. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  3,  Burlington  & 
Chester  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

formosa,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

fornax,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  a  furnace.] 

franklini,  Meek,  1858,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

fultonensis,  Worthen,  1873,  Geol.  Rep. 
111.,  vol.  5,  Low.  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

gaspensis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
2,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

gibbosa,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Wis. 
Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  gibbous, 
tumid.] 

gigantm,  syn.  for  S.  disjuncta. 

glabra  var".  contracta,  Meek  &  Worthen, 
1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Chester 
Gr.     [Sig.  contracted.] 

glabra,  Martin,  1809,  (Anomites  glabra) 
Petrif.  Derb.,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig. 
smooth.] 

glanscerasi,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  mast  of 
the  cherry  tree.] 

grandseva,  syn.  for  S.  disjuncta. 

granulifera,  Hall,  1843,  (Delthyris  gran- 
ulifera) Geol.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  bearing  granules.] 


130 


BRACHIOPODA. 


granulosa,  Conrad,  1839,  (Delthyris  gran- 
ulosa) Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Low.  Held. 
Gr.  [Sig.  covered  with  small  gran- 
ules.] 

gregaria,  Clapp,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.  & 
Can.  Jour.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  oc- 
curring in   flocks  or  masses.] 

grieri,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie grit  &  Cornif.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

grimesi,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  of  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

guadalupensis,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

hannibalensis,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

hemicyclus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Oriskany  sandstone. 
[Sig.  a  half  circle.] 

hemiplicata,  see  Syntrielasma  hemiplica- 
tum. 

Jieteroclitus,  syn.  for  S.  granulifera. 

hungerfordi,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

huronensis,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Portage  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

imbrex,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.  [Sig.  the  gutter  or  roof 
tile.] 

incerta,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  uncertain, 
doubtful.] 

inconstans,  syn.  for  Spirifera  racinensis. 

increbescens,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  abundant.] 

increbescens  var.  americana,  Swallow, 
1866,  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  vol. 
2,  Kaskaskia  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

increbescens  var.  transversalis,  Hall,  1858, 
Geol.  Rep.  Iowa,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig. 
transverse.] 

insequicostata,  Owen,  185  2,  Geo.  Rep. 
Wis.,  Iowa  &  Min.,  Carb.  [Sig.  having 
unequal  costee  or  ribs.] 

inornata,  syn.  for  S.  disjuncta. 

insolita,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Portage  Gr.     [Sig.  unusual.] 

intermedia,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  interme- 
diate.] This  name  was  preoccupied 
by  Brongniart  in  1829. 

inutilis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  vol. 
1,  pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  insignificant.] 

iowensis,  Owen,  1852,  Geo.  Sur.  Wis., 
Iowa  &  Min.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

kelloggi,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

kennicotti,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

kentuckiensis,  see  Spiriferina  kentuckiensis. 

kentuckiensis  var.  propatula,  see  Spiriferina 
kentuckiensis  var.  propatula. 


keokuk,   Hall,    1858,    Geo.    Rep.    Iowa, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
keokuk  var.   shelbyensis,  Swallow,  1866, 

Trans.  St.  Louis   Acad.  Sci.,  vol.    2, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
laevigata,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.     Sci.,     Keokuk     Gr.        [Sig. 

smoothed.] 
laevis,  Hall,  1843,  (Delthvris  lsevis)  Geol. 

4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,   Portage  Gr.     [Sig. 

smooth.] 
lamellosa,  see  Athyris  lamellosa. 
laminosus,  McCoy,  as  identified  by  Gein- 

itz,  is  Spiriferina  kentuckiensis. 
lateralis,  Hall,  1858,   Geo.    Rep.    Iowa, 

AVarsaw  Gr.      [Sig.   belonging  to  the 

side.] 
latior,  Swallow,   1863,  Trans.    St.   Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.      [Sig.  wider.] 
leidyi,   Norwood  &  Pratten,  1854,  Jour. 

Acad.    Nat.    Sci.,    2d    series,   vol.   3, 

Chester  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
leidyi  var.  chesterensis,    Swallow,   1866, 

Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.   Sci.,  vol.    2, 

Chester  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
leidyi  var.  merrimacensis,  Swallow,  1866, 

Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,   vol.    2, 

Warsaw  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ligvji,  syn.  for  S.  pinnata. 
lineatoides,    Swallow,    1860,    Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.      [Sig. 

like  8.  lineatus.] 
lineata,  Martin,  1809,  Petrif.  Derb.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  marked  with  lines.] 
lineatus   var.    striato-lineatus,    Swallow, 

1866,  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  vol. 

2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  striated  and  lined.] 
littoni,  Swallow,  1860,   Trans.   St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  St.  Louis  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
logani,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep. -Iowa,  Keo- 
kuk Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hnsdalii,  svn.  for  S.  disjuncta. 
macra,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.  Scho- 
harie grit  &  Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig.  lean.] 
macra,  Meek.      This    name    was    preoc- 
cupied, 
macronota,  Hall,  1843,  (Delthyris  macro- 

nota)  Geo.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  long-sided.] 
macropleura,    Conrad,    1840,    (Delthyris 

macropleura)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  long-sided.] 
macroptera,  as  identified  by  d'Archiac  & 

Verneuil,  is  S.  mucronota. 
macrothyris,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  having  a  long 

foramen.] 
maia,  Billings,  1860,  (Athyris  maia)  Can. 

Jour.    Ind.   Sci.  &  Arts,  Cornif.   Gr. 

[Ety.  mythological  name.] 
manni,  Hall,  1857, 10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Cornif. 

Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
marcyi,  Hall,  1857, 10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
marionensis,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep. 

Mo.,  Ham.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 


BRACHIOPODA. 


131 


medialis,  Hall,  1843,  (Delthyris  medialis) 
Geo.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
middle.] 

medialis  var.  eatoni,  Hall,  1857,  (Spirifer 
eatoui)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

meeki,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

meristoides,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  in  the 
form  of  a  shell  of  the  genus  Merista.] 

mesocostalis,  Hall,  1843,  (Delthyris  mes- 
ocostalis  and  D.  acuminata)  Geo.  4th 
Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  hav- 
ing middle  costee.] 

mesostrialis,  Hall,  1843,  (Delthvris  mes- 
ostrialis)  Geo.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham. 
and  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  having  mid- 

rneta,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara 

Gr.      [Sig.  a  pillar  in  the  form  of  a 

cone.] 
meiisebachianus,  syn.for  Spirifera  camerata. 
mexicana,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
missouriensis,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
modesta,  Hall,  1859,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  in  allusion  to 

its  small  size.] 
mucronata,  Conrad,  1841,  (Delthyris  mu- 

cronata)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Marcellus 

shale,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  sharp-pointed.] 
multutriata,  see  Trematospira  multistriata. 
mysticensLs,  Meek,  1872,  Hayden's  Geo. 

Rep.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
neglecta,   Hall,  1858,   Geo.   Rep.   Iowa., 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  overlooked,   neg- 
lected.] 
niagarensis,   Conrad,   1842,   Jour.   Acad. 

Sat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,   Niagara  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
niagarensis    var.    oligoptycha,    Roemer, 

1860,  Sil.  Fauna  West  Tenn.,  Niagara 

Gr.  [Ety.  oligos,  few;  ptyche,  a  fold.] 
norwoodiana,    Hall,    1858,   Trans.     Alb. 

Inst.,  vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
norwoodi,  Meek,  1860,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Devonian.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
octocostata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  having  eight 

costae  or  folds.] 
octoplicata,  Sowerby,  1827,  as  identified  by 

Hall,  syn.  for  Spiriferina  kentuckiensis. 
opima,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  large.] 
orestes,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
oregonensis,  Shumard,   1863,   Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
osagensis,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 


oweni,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.   Rep.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pachyptei'a,   Goldfuss,    as    identified    by 

Conrad   in  1839,    (Delthyris    pachyp- 

tera).    Not  American, 
parryana,  Hall,   1858,   Geo.   Rep.   Iowa, 

vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
peculiaris,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep.  Mo., 

Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  peculiar,  singu- 
lar.] 
perforata,  see  Trematospira  perforata, 
pinnata,   Owen,   1852,    Geo.   Rep.   Wis., 

Iowa  &  Min.,  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  winged.] 
percrassa,  McCoy,  1855,  Brit.  Pal.  Rocks., 

Sil.      Not  satisfactorily  identified  in 

America, 
perextensa,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Carb.    [Sig.  very  ex- 
extended.] 
(?)  perforata,  see  Trematospira  perforata, 
perlamellosa,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
i    3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  having  very 

thin  plates.] 
perplexa,   McChesney,   1860,    New   Pal. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  very  perplex- 
ing-] 
pertenuis,   Hall,  1857,  10th    Reg.   Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  very  slender.] 
pharovicina,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Portage  Gr.    [Sig.  close  by 

the  light  house.] 
pinonensis,  Meek,  1870,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Up.  Held.   Gr.       [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
planoconvexa,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep. 

Mo.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  planus,  plane; 

convexw,  convex.] 
plena,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  full,  large.] 
plicata,  Vanuxem,  1843,  see  S.  vanuxemi. 
prematura,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  too   early,  ripe 

before  its  time.] 
prolata,  Vanuxem,  1842,  (Delthyris  pro- 

lata)  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr. 

[Sig.  prolonged.] 
propinqua,   Hall,   1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Keokuk  Gr.      [Ety.  related  to;  from 

its  resemblance  to  S.  subcuspidata.] 
prora,   Conrad,   1842,    (Delthyris  prora) 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  the  prow  of  a  ship.] 
protensa,  syn.  for  S.  disjuncta. 
pseudolineata,     Hall,     1858,    Geo.    Rep. 

Iowa,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig.  false-lined.] 
pulchra,   Meek,   1860,   Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  beautiful.] 
pyramidalw,  see  Cyrtina  pyramidalis. 
pyxidata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Oriskany  sandstone.     [Sig.  made  like 

a  box.] 
racinensis,  McChesney,  1861,  Pal.  Foss., 

Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
radiata,  Sowerby,  1825,  Min.  Conch.,  vol. 

5,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  radiated.] 


132 


BRACHIOPODA. 


raricosta,  Conrad,  1842,  (Delthyris  rari- 
costa") Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8, 
Schoharie  grit  and  Cornif.  Gr.  [Sig. 
with  few  costse.] 

resupinata,  as  identified  by  d'Arehiac  & 
Verneuil.    Not  American. 

richardsoni,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi. 
Acad.  Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

rockymontana,  Marcou,  1858,  Geo.  N. 
Amer.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

rostellata,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Ke- 
okuk Gr.      [Sig.  having  a  little  beak.] 

rostellum,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  beak.] 

rugicosta,  Hall,  I860,  Can.  Nat.  Geo.,  vol. 
5,  Up.  Sil.  [Sig.  having  furrowed  or 
wrinkled  plaits  or  folds.] 

rugatina,  Conrad,  1842,  (Delthyris  ruga- 
tina)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8, 
Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  having  little  folds.] 

saffordi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

scobina,  Meek,  1860,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  a  rasp.] 

sculptilis,  Hall,  1843,  (Delthyris  sculptilis) 
Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Sig.  carved  or  graven.] 

segmentata,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  made  up  of  seg- 
ments or  pieces.] 

semiplicata,  Hall,  I860,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  half-plicated.] 

setigera,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Kas- 
kaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  bristly.] 

sillana,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Cuyahoga  shale.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

similior,  see  Pentamerus  similior. 

solidirostris,  AVhite,  1860,  Bost.  Jour.  Nat. 
Hist.,  Kinderhook  Gr.  [Sig.  solid- 
beaked.] 

spinosa,  see  Spiriferina  spinosa. 

staminea,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th 
Dist.  N.  Y.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  made 
of  threads,  thready.] 

striatiformis,  Meek,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 
2,  Waverly  Gr.      [Sig.  like  8.  striata.] 

striata,  Martin,  1809,  (Anomites  striatus) 
Petrif.  Derb.,  Carb.     [Sig.  striated.] 

striata  var.  triplicata,  Marcou,  1858,  Geol. 
North  America,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig. 
three-plicated.] 

striatulus,  as  identified  by  d'Archiac  & 
Verneuil.    Not  American. 

subsequalis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  equal.] 

subattenuata,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  attenu- 
ated.] 

subcardiformis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep. 
Iowa,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat 
heart-shaped.] 

subcuspidata,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Keokuk  Gr.   [Sig.  somewhat-pointed.] 


subelliptica,  McChesney,  1860,  New  Pal. 
Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  somewhat 
elliptical.] 

sublineata,  Meek,  1868,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad. 
Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  stri- 
ated.] 

submucronata,  Hall,  1857, 10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  somewhat 
sharp-pointed.] 

submucr<mata,Y[&\\,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr.  This  name 
was  preoccupied.     See  S.  subattenuata. 

suborbiculanis,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep. 
Iowa,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat 
orb-shaped.] 

subrotundata,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Kinderhook  Gr.  [Sig. 
somewhat  rounded.] 

subsulcata,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  and 
Geol.,  vol.  5,  Up.  Sil.  [Sig.  somewhat 
furrowed.]  This  name  was  preoccu- 
pied by  Dalman  in  1828. 

subumbonata,  Hall,  1857,  (Orthis  sub- 
urn  bona)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  (Ambocoelia 
subumbona)  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 
Gr.  and  Tully  limestone.  [Sig.  some- 
what protuberant.] 

subundifera,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
somewhat  wavy.] 

subvaricosa,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.. 
Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat 
varicose.] 

subventricosa,  syn.  S.  opima. 

sulcata,  Hisinger,  1837,  (Delthyris  sul- 
catus)  Petrif.  Suecica,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  furrowed.] 

sulcifera,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Sig.  bearing 
furrows.] 

mperba,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
Devonian.  [Sig.  superb.]  The  name 
was  preoccupied  by  Eichwald  in  1842. 

tenuicostata,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa. 
Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  slender-ribbed.] 

tenuimarginata,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep. 
Iowa,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig.  thin-mar- 
gined.] 

tenuis,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 
Gr.      [Sig.  slender,  thin.] 

tenuistriata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  having  fine 
radiating  striae.] 

tenuistriata,  Shaler,  1865.  The  name  was 
preoccupied. 

texana,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

texta.  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Sig.  woven.] 

translata,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig.  trans- 
ferred.] 

transversa,  McChesney,  1860,  New  Pal. 
Foss.,  Chester  Gr.  "  [Sig.  transverse, 
crosswise.] 

tribulis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  one  of  the 
same  flock.] 


BRACHIOPODA. 


133 


Iriplicala,  svn.  for  Spirifera  oamerata. 

tullia,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,vol.  4,  Ham. 

Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
uiiditlata,  Vanuxem,  1843,  (Delthvris  un- 
dulatus)  Geo.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Onon- 
daga Gr.  [Sig.  undulating.]  The 
name  was  preoccupied. 

unica,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig.  excellent,  chief.] 

vanuxemi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.,  described  as  Orthis 
plicata  by  Vanuxem  in  the  Geo.  Rep. 
3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.,  but  that  name  was 
preoccupied.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 

varicosa,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  varicose.] 

ventricosa,  see  Nucleospira  ventricosa. 

veniista,  syn.  for  .Spirifera  divaricata. 

vernonensis,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

verneuili,  syn.  for  S.  disjuncta. 

whitneyi,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
Ham.  and  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

wortheni,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

ziczac,  Hall,  1843,  (Delthyris  zigzag)  Geo. 
Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
slanting  in  straight  lines  from  side  to 
side.] 
Spiriferina,  D'Orbigny,  1847,  Consid.  Zool. 
et  Geol.  Sur.  les  Brachiopodes,  Comp- 
tes  rendus  des  Sciences  de  l'Acade- 
mie  des  Sciences.  [Ety.  Spirifera,  a 
genus  of  shells ;  inus,  implying  resem- 
blance.] 

billingsi,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

binacuta,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  bis, 
double;  acutus,  acute.] 

clarksvillensis,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

kentuckiensis,  Shumard,  1855,  (Spirifera 
kentuckiensis)  Geo.  Rep.  Mo.,  Coal 
Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

kentuckiensis  car.  propatula,  Swallow, 
1866,  (Spirifera  kentuckiensis  var.  pro- 
patula) Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci., 
vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  open.] 

spinosa,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  (Spirifera 
spinosa)  1855,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
vol.  3,  2d  series,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig. 
spiny.] 

spinosa  var.  campestris,  White,  1874,  Rep. 
Invert.  Foss.,  Carb.  [Sig.  of  or  be- 
longing to  the  plain  fields,  rustic] 

subtexta,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.    Hist.,    vol.   9,    Burlington    Gr. 
[Sig.  somewhat  woven.] 
Spirigera,  syn.  for  Athyris. 

americana,  syn.  for  A.  americana. 

bihba,  syn.  for  A.  biloba. 

caput-serpentis,  syn.  for  A.  caput-serpentis. 

charUonensis,  syn.  for  A.  charitonensis. 


etmUmenm,  syn.  for  A.  clintonensis. 

coitcmtfira,  syn.  for  A.  spiriferoides. 

corpvlmta,  syn.  for  A.  corpulenta. 

ebarea,  syn.  for  A.  eborea. 

euzana,  syn.  for  A.  euzona. 

formoxa,  syn.  for  A.  formosa. 

fnltoiunxix,  syn.  for  A.  fultonensis. 

hatmihaierms,  syn.  for  A.  hannibalensis. 

hcnom,  syn.  for  A.  hawni. 

jacksoni,  syn.  for  A.  jacksoni. 

maconensis,  syn.  for  A.  maconensis. 

minima,  syn.  for  A.  minima. 

missouriensis,  syn.  for  A.  missouriensis. 

monticola,  syn.  for  A.  monticola. 

obma.cima,  syn.  for  A.  obmaxinia. 

ohioensis,  syn.  for  A.  ohioensis. 

pectinifera,  syn.  for  A.  pectinifera. 

plattensis,  syn.  for  A.  plattensis. 

prouti,  syn.  for  A.  prouti. 

reftexa,  syn.  for  A.  reflexa. 

singletoni,  syn.  for  A.  singletoni. 

spiriferoides,  syn.  for  A.  spiriferoides. 
Stexoschisma,  Conrad,  1839,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 
Y.       [Ety.  stenos,   narrow ;  schisma,  a 
fissure.]     Written  Stenocisma  by  Con- 
rad. 

billingsi,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Cornif.  Gr.  The  same  that  Billings 
called  Rynchonella  thalia,  Can.  Jour., 
1860,  but  the  name  was  preoccupied. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

carica,  Hall,  1S67,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4,  Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  a  kind  of  drv  fig.] 

Carolina,  Hall,  1867,  Pal/  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Cornif.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

congregatum,  Conrad,  1841,  (Atrypa  con- 
gregate) Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Sig.  gathered  together.] 

contractum,  Hall,  18  43,  (Atrypa  con- 
tracta)  Geo.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung 
Gr.   [Sig.  contracted,  drawn  together.] 

contractum  var.  saxatile,  Hall,  18(57,  Pal. 
ST.  Y„,  vol.  4,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig. 
that  lives  among  stone  or  rocks.] 

dotis,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4,  Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  an  ornament] 

duplicatum,  Hall,  1843,  (Atrypa  dupli- 
cate) Geo.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung 
Gr.     [Sig.  doubled.] 

eximium,  Hall,  1843,  (Atrypa  eximia) 
Geo.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr. 
[Sig.  choice,  select] 

horsfordi,  Hall,  18  60,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 
Cornif.  Gr.,  Marcellus  shale  &  Ham. 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

orbiculare,  Hall,  1860,  (Rhynchonella  or- 
bicularis) 13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Chemung 
Gr.     [Sig.  orb-shaped.] 

prolificum,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  fruitful,  prolific] 

royanum,  Hall,  1860,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Cornif.  Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 

sappho,  Hall,  1860,  (Rhynahonella 
sappho)  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Marcellus 
shale  &  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

stephani,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Chemung  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 


134 


BRACHIOPODA. 


tethys,  Billings,  1860,  (Rhynchonella 
tethys)  Can.  Jour.,  Cornif.  Gr.  [Ety. 
mythological  name.] 
Streptobhynchus,  King,  1850,  Monograph 
of  Permian  Fossils.  [Ety.  strepto,  I 
bend  or  twist;  rhynchos,  a  beak.] 

antiquatus,  Sowerby,  1839,  (Strophomena 
antiquata)  Murch.  Sil.  Syst,  Mid.  Sil. 
[Sig.  ancient.] 

arctostriatus,  Hall,  1843,  (Strophomena 
arctostriata)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N. 
Y., Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  closelv  striated.] 

arctostriatm,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 
(Orthisina  arctostriata)  Ham.  Gr. 
This  name  was  preoccupied. 

chemungensis,  Conrad,  1843,  (Stropho- 
mena chemungensis)  Jour.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

crassus,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1858,  (Orthis- 
ina crassa)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil., 
Coal  Meas..     [Sig.  thick.] 

crenistriatus,  Phillips,  1836,(Spirifera  cre- 
nistria)  Geo.  York.,  vol.  2,  Waverly 
Gr.     [Sig.  having  crooked  stria?.] 

deflectus,  Conrad,  1843,  (Strophomena 
deflecta)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  bent  down.] 

elongatus,  James,  1874,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 
Sci.,  Cin'ti.  Gr.  [Sig.  from  the  long 
cardinal  line.] 

filitextus,  Hall,  1847,  (Strophomena  fili- 
texta)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  and 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  woven  like 
thread.] 

hallianus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar. 
Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

hemiaster,  syn.  for  S.  subplanum. 

lens,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 
Hist.,  vol.  9,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  a 
concavo-convex  shell.] 

nutans,  James,  1873,  (Hemipronites  nu- 
tans) Pal.  Ohio,  vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig. 
bent  over.] 

occidentalis,  Newberry,  1861,  Ives'  Col. 
Ex.  Exped.,  Up.  Carb.  [Sig.  western.] 

pandora,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Jour.,  Scho- 
harie grit  and  Cornif.  Gr.  [Ety. 
mythological  name.] 

pectinaceus,  Hall,  1843,  (Strophomena 
pectinacea  and  S.  bifurcata)  Geo.  Rep. 
4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr.  and 
Waverly  sandstone.  [Sig.  like  a 
Pecten.} 

perversus,  Hall,  1857,  (Orthis  perversa) 
10th  Reg.  Rep.  (Orthisina  alternata, 
1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.)  Cornif.  and 
Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  turned  upside  down.] 

planoconvexus,  Hall,  1847,  (Leptsena 
planoconvexa)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Hud.  River  Gr.  [Ety.  planus,  plane  ; 
convexus,  convex.] 

planumbonus,  Hall,  1847,  (Leptsena 
planumbona)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Tren- 
ton &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  flat  on  the 
umbo.] 


pyramidalis,  Newberry,  1861,  Ives'  Col. 
Ex.  Exped.,  Carb.  [Sig.  pointed  like 
a  pyramid.] 

radiatus,  Vanuxem,  1843,  (Strophomena 
radiata)  Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y., 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  radiated.] 

rectus,  Conrad,  1843,  (Strophomena 
recta)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  1, 
Black  Riv.  and  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig. 
straight.] 

sinuatus,  Emmons,  1855,  Am.  Geol., 
Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig.  marked  with  depres- 
sions, wavy.] 

subplanus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  (Strophomena  sub- 
plana)  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat 
flat.] 

subtentus,  Conrad,  1847,  (Strophomena 
subtenta)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  & 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  bent.] 

sulcatus,  Verneuil,  1848,  (Leptrena  sul- 
cata) Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  France,  vol.  5, 
Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  furrowed.] 

tenuis,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst,  vol. 
4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  slight,  slender.] 

umbraculum,  V.  Buch,  (Orthis  umbra- 
culum)  Ueber  Delthyris,  &c,  Devon- 
ian to  the  Permian  Gr.  [Sig.  an  um- 
brella.] 

vetustus,  James,  1874,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 
Sci.,  vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  old.] 

woolworthianus,  Hall,  1859,  (Stropho- 
mena woolworthiana)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
StricHandia,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo., 

vol.  4.  This  name  having  been  pre- 
viously applied  to  a  genus  of  fossil 
plants"  the  author  abandoned  it  and 
proposed  Stricklandinia. 
Stricklandinia,  Billings,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geo.,  vol.  8.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

anticostiensis,  Billings,  1863,  Can.  Nat. 
Geo.,  vol.  8,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

(?)  arachne,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss., 
vol.  1,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 

(?)  arethusa,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss., 
vol.  1,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 

brevis,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo.,  vol. 

4,  Mid.  Sil.     [Sig.  short.] 
canadensis,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Clinton  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
castellana,  White,  1876,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
davidsoni,   Billings,  1868,  Lond.   Geo. 

Mag.,  vol.  5,  Up.  Sil.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
deformis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  deformed,  ugly  shaped.] 
elongata,  see  Amphigenia  elongata. 
elongata  var.  curta,  see  Amphigenia  curta. 
gaspensis,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


BRACHIOPODA. 


lens.  The  fossil  referred  to  this  species 
was  afterward  described  as  S.  david- 
soni. 

melissa,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

salteri,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Strophalosia,  King,  1844,  Ann.  &Mag.  Nat. 
Hist.,  vol.   14.      [Ety.  stroplie,  a  bend- 
ing; alos,  a  disc] 

horrescens,  Geinitz,  1866,  Carb.  und  Dyas 
in  Neb.  Prof.  Meek  regarded  this 
name  as  a  syn.  for  Productus  nebras- 
censis. 

numularis,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  like  a 
little  coin.] 

subaculeata,  5lurehison,  1845,  Bui.  Geol. 
Soc.  de  France,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
somewhat  thorny  or  furnished  with 
prickles.] 
Strophodonta,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 
[Ety.  strophos,  bent;  odous,  tooth.] 

sequicostata,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
equal-ribbed.] 

altidorsata,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Devonian.  [Sig. 
high  backed.] 

alveata,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie grit.     [Sig.  channeled.] 

ampla,  Hall,  1857,  (Strophomena  ampla) 
10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Schoharie  grit  and 
Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig.  full,  large.] 

arcuata,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  of  Iowa,  Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  bent,  arched.] 

becki,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

boonensis,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Devonian.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

cfelata,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  sculptured.] 

callawayensis,  Swrallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

callosa,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie grit.   [Sig.  having  a  thick  shell.] 

canace,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

cavumbona,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  having  a  hol- 
low umbo.] 

cayuta,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

cincta,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Penin- 
sula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  ductus, 
girdled  ;  in  allusion  to  a  ridge  around 
the  border  of  the  inside  of  the  ventral 
valve.] 

concava,  Hall,  1857,  (Strophomena  con- 
cava)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Cornif.  and 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  concave.] 

costata,  Owen,  1852,  Geo.  Sur.  Wis., 
Iowa  and  Minn.,  Devonian.  [Sig. 
ribbed.] 


crebristriata,  Conrad,  1842,  (Strophomena 
crebristriata)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
vol.  8,  Schoharie  grit.  [Sig.  thickly 
striated.] 

cymbiformis,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Devonian.  [Sig. 
boat-shaped.] 

demissa,  Conrad,  1842,  (Strophomena 
demissa)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8, 
Schoharie  grit,  Cornif.,  Ham.  and 
Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  hanging  down.] 

erratica,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  wander- 
ing, erratic] 

fragilis,  syn.  for  Strophodonta  perplana. 

geniculata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  geniculated.] 

headleyana,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

hemispherica,  Hall,  1857,  (Strophomena 
hemispherica)  10th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie Grit  &  Cornif.  Gr.  [Sig.  hemi- 
spherical.] 

hybrida,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep., 
Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  a  hybrid.] 

imitata,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Penin. 
Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  imitating,  like 
S.  insequistriata.~\ 

in?squiradiata,  Hall,  1857, 10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Schoharie  Grit  &  Cornif.  Gr.  [Sig. 
unequal-rayed.] 

inaequistriata,  Conrad,  1842,  (Strophomena 
inaequistriata)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
vol.  8,  Cornif.  &  Ham.  Gr.,  Moscow 
shales.     [Sig.  having  unequal  stria?.] 

indentata,  Conrad,  (Leptama  indentata) 
1838,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Low.  Held. 
Gr.     [Sig.  indented.]  t 

inflexa,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Devonian.  [Sig.  bowed, 
made  crooked.] 

intermedia,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  interme- 
diate.] 

iowensis,  Owen,  1852,  Geo.  Sur.  Wis., 
Iowa  &  Minn.,  Devonian.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

junia,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 
Cornif.,  Ham.  &  Tully  Gr.,  (changed 
from  textilis,  in  the  corrigenda  and 
index).    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

kemperi,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Devonian.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

leaven worthiana,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y., 
vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

lepida,  svn.  for  S.  nacrea. 

lincklami,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Ety.  proper 
name.]  " 

magnirira,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  magnifi- 
cent.] 

magniventra,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  large 
bellied.] 


136 


BRACHIOPODA. 


mucronata,  Conrad,  1842,  (Strophomena 

mucronata)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol. 

8,  Chemung  Gr.    [Sig.  sharp- pointed.] 
nacrea,  Hall,  1857,  (Strophomena  nacrea) 

10th    Reg.   Rep.,   Cornif.    and    Ham. 

Gr.    [Sig.  iridescent,  like    mother  of 

pearl.] 
navalis,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,  Devonian.     [Sig.   like    a 

ship.] 
parva,  Owen,  1852,  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Iowa 

and  Minn.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 
parva,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie grit.    This  name  was  preoccu- 
pied, 
patersoni,  Hall,  1857,  (Strophomena  pat- 

ersoni)    10th    Reg.    Rep.,     Schoharie 

grit  and   Cornif.    Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
perplana,   Conrad,    1842,    (Strophomena 

perplana)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol. 

8,  Onondaga, Schoharie,  Cornif.,  Ham. 

and  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  very  plain.] 
perplana  var.  nervosa,  Hall,  1843,  (Stro- 
phomena   nervosa)    Geo.    Rep.    4th 

Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  full 

of  sinews.] 
planulata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  flat.] 
plicata,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  folded,  plaited.] 
prisma,   Hall,    1852,    Pal.    N.  Y.,   vol.   2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
profunda,  Hall,  1852,  (Leptaena  profunda) 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

deep.] 
punctulifera,   Conrad,  18  3  8,  (Leptaena 

punctulifera)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.  .[Sig.  hearing  punctures.] 
reversa,  Hall,  1858,  Geo. Rep.  Iowa,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  reversed.] 
semifasciata,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alh.  Inst, 

vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  half-handed.] 
subcymbiformis,   Swallow,   1860,    Trans. 

St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Devonian.     [Sig. 

somewhat  boat-shaped.] 
varistriata,  Conrad,  1842,  (Strophomena 

varistriata)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol. 

8,   Low.   Held.   Gr.     [Sig.  differently 

striated.] 
varistriata  var.  arata,  Hall,  1850,  Pal.  N. 

Y.,  vol.   3,   Low.   Held.   Gr.      [Sig. 

furrowed.  ] 
vascularia,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Oriskany  sandstone.     [Sig.  vascular.] 
Strophomkna,  Rafinesque,  1825,  Manuel  de 

Malacologie    of    Blainville.      [Ety. 

xtrophos,  bent;  mew,  a  crescent.] 
acutiradiata,  see  Chonetes  acutiradiata. 
alternata,  Conrad,  1838,  (Leptaena  alter- 

nata)    Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Trenton  and 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  alternating.] 
alterniradiata,  Shaler,  1865,  Bulletin,  No. 

4,  M.  C.  Z.,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  alter- 
nately radiated.] 
alternistriata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  and  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig. 

alternately  striated.] 


alternata  var.    loxorhytis,    Meek,    1873, 

Ohio  Pal.,   vol.   1,  Cin'ti  Gr.      [Sig. 

cross-wrinkled.] 
ampla,  see  Strophodonta  ampla. 
analoga,  Phillips,   1836,  Geol.  Yorkshire, 

vol.  2,  Low.  Carb.      [Sig.    like  analo- 
gous.] 
anticodiensis,  syn.  for  Strophomena  alter- 
nata. 
antiquata,  see  Streptorhynchus    antiqua- 

tus. 
arctostriata,  see  Streptorhynchus  arctos- 

triatus. 
arcuata,   Shaler,    1865.     This  name    was 

preoccupied, 
arethusa,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Hud.   Riv.    Gr.     [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
aurora,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  in  the  morning.] 
bifurcata,  syn.  for  Streptorhynchus  pecti- 

naceus. 
bipartita,  Hall,  1852,  (Leptaena  bipartita) 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Coralline  limestone. 

[Sig.  double-partitioned.] 
blainvilli,  Billings,   1874,   Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Up.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
camerata,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  arched 

or  vaulted.] 
carinata,  Conrad,  1838,  see  Tropidoleptus 

carinatus. 
carinata,    Conrad,    1842,    see     Chonetes 

carinata. 
ceres,   Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Hud.   Riv.   Gr.  and  Mid.  Sil. 

[Ety.  mythological  name.] 
chemungensis,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Chemung  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
conc.ava,  see  Strophodonta  concava. 
conracM,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.   Y.,   vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
convexa,   Owen,   1840,  Rep.  on  Mineral 

Lands,  Calcif.  Gr.     [Sig.  convex.] 
cornuta,  see  Chonetes  cornuta. 
corrugata,   Conrad,    1842,   Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  3,  Clinton  Gr.      [Sig. 

wrinkled.] 
crebristrkita,   see    Strophodonta  crebris- 

triata. 
crenistria,  syn.  for  Strophodonta  perplana. 
declivis,  syn.  for  Strophomena  alternata. 
deflecta,  see  Streptorhynchus  deflectus. 
deltoidea,  Conrad,  1839,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Trenton  Gr.       [Sig.    shaped    like  the 

Greek  letter  Delta.'] 
delthyris,  syn.  for  Strophodonta  perplana. 
demma,  see  Strophodonta  demissa. 
depressa,  Sowerby,  1825,    (Producta  de- 

pressa)  vol.  6,  Min.  Conchology,  Up. 

Sil.     [Sig.  depressed.] 
depressa  var.  'ventricosa,   see  Strophomena 

rugosa  var.  A^entricosa. 
elegantula,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep,  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  quite  ele- 
gant.] 


BRACHIOPODA. 


137 


elongata,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat- 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Low.    Held.    Gr.      [Sig. 

elongated.] 
elliptica,  Conrad,  1839,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  elliptical.] 
euglypha,  syn.  for  Strophodonta  punctu- 

lifera. 
fasciata,   Hall,   1847,   (Leptsena  fasciata) 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,   Chazy   Gr.     [Sig. 

swathed,  banded.] 
filitexta,  see  Streptorhynchus  filitextus. 
fluctuosa,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig. 

wavy.] 
fontinalis,   White,    18  74,    Rep.    Invert. 

Foss.,   Quebec  Gr.       [Ety.  fans,  a 

fountain  or  spring.] 
fracta,  Meek,  1873,   Pal.  Ohio,  vol.   1, 

Cin'ti  Gr.    [Sig.  broken,  weak.] 
fragilis,  syn.  for  Strophodonta  perplana. 
galatea,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Devonian.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
geniculate,,  Shaler,    (Brachyprion  genicu- 

latum).     The  name  was  preoccupied, 
gibbosa,   Conrad,  1841,   Ann.  Geo.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Onondaga  Gr.     [Sig.  gibbous.] 
hecuba,   Billings,   1860,  Can.  Nat.  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 
hemispherica,  see   Strophodonta    hemis- 

pherica. 
imbecillis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  feeble.] 
imbrex,   Pander,   1845,  in   Russia  &  Ural 

Mountains,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Sig.  im- 
bricated.]       The  identification    very 

doubtful  in  America. 
impressa,  syn.  for  Strophodonta  varistriata. 
incrassata,  Hall,  1847,   (Leptsena  incras- 

sata)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Chazy  to  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  thickened.] 
indentata,  Conrad,   1842,  Geo.  Rep.  3rd 

Dist.  N.  Y.,  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  indented.] 
intequiradiata,  see  Strophodonta  insequira- 

diata. 
insequktriata,  see    Strophodonta  insequi- 

striata. 
interstrialk,  Phillips,  in  Geo.  4th  Dist.  N. 

Y.,  see  Strophodonta  cavuta. 
irene,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ithacensis,  Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Portage  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
julia,   Billings,   1862,   Pal.    Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lachrymosa,  see  Productella  lachrymosa. 
laevis,  Emmons,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Birdseye  Gr.     [Sig.  smooth.] 
leda,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  Geo.,  vol. 

5,  Mid.  Sil.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
lepida,  syn.  for  Strophodonta  nacrea. 
lima,    see    Productella    lachrymosa    var. 

lima. 
lineala,  see  Chonetes  lineata. 
macra,  syn.  for  Strophodonta  semifasciata. 
magniventra,  see  Strophodonta  magniven- 

tra. 
18 


membranacea,  of  Phillips,  as  identified  by 
Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y., 
see  Productella  hirsuta. 

modesta,  Conrad,  1839,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  not  large.] 

mucronata,  see  Strophodonta  mucronata. 

nacrea,  see  Strophodonta  nacrea. 

nasuta,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  vol.  8,  Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  having  a  prominent  nose.] 

nassula,  Conrad,  1848,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  vol.  3,  Carb.  [Sig.  a  little  bag-net.] 

nervosa,  see  Strophodonta  perplana  var. 
nervosa. 

niagarensis,  syn.  for  Strophodonta  pro- 
funda. 

nitens,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  neat.] 

nutans,  see  Streptorhynchus  nutans. 

obscura,  Hall,  1852,  (Leptsena  obscura) 
Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr.  [Sig. 
obscure.] 

orthididse,  Hall,  1852,  (Leptsena  orthi- 
didse) Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  1,  Clinton  Gr. 
[Sig.  like  a  shell  of  the  genus  Orthis.] 

patenta,  Hall,  1852,  (Leptsena  patenta) 
Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr.  [Sig. 
spreading.]  patens  would  be  better 
orthography. 

patersoni,  see  Strophodonta  patersoni. 

pecten,  Linnseus,  1758,  (Anomia  pecten) 
Syst.  Nat.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  comb- 
like.]    Not  American. 

pectinacea,  see  Streptorhynchus  pectin- 
aceus. 

perplana,  see  Strophodonta  perplana. 

philomela,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Mid.  Sil.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

planoconvexa,  see  Streptorhynchus  plano- 

convexus. 
'planumbona,  see  Streptorhynchus  plan- 
umbonus. 

plicata,  syn.  for  Streptorhynchus  sub- 
tentus. 

plicifera,  Hall,  1847,  (Leptsena  plicifera) 
Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Chazy  Gr.  [Sig. 
bearing  plications.] 

pluristriata,  syn.  for  Strophodonta  per- 
plana. 

profunda,  see  Strophodonta  profunda. 

punctulifera,  see  Strophodonta  punctuli- 
fera. 

pustulosa,  syn.  for  Productella  truncata. 

radiata,  see  Streptorhynchus  radiatus. 

recta,  see  Streptorhynchus  rectus. 

rectilateris,  syn.  for  Strophodonta  vari- 
striata. 

rhomboidalis,  Wahlenberg,  1821,  Acta. 
Soc.  Sci.,  Upsaliensis.  This  species 
ranges  from  the  Trenton  Group  in 
the  Lower  Silurian  to  the  Hamilton 
and  Chemung  Group,  regarding  S. 
tenuistriata,  S.  depressa  and  S.  rugosa 
as  varieties  only.  The  type  however 
is  the  Devonian  form.  [Sig.  rhom- 
boidal.] 


138 


BRACHIOPODA. 


reticulata,  Shaler,  1865,  Bulletin  No.  4, 
M.  C.  Z.,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Sig.  reticu- 
lated.] 

rugosa,  Dalman,  1827,  (Leptsena  rugosa) 
Vet.  Acad.  Handlinger,  Niagara  & 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  This  form  is  sup- 
posed to  be  the  type  of  Rafinesque's 
genus  Strophomena.  The  species  is 
usually  regarded  as  merely  a  variety 
of  S.  rhomboidalis.     [Sig.  wrinkled.'] 

rugosa  var.  ventricosa,  Hall,  1857,  (S.  de- 

Sressa  var.  ventricosa)  10th  Reg.  Rep., 
riskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  bulging- 
out.] 

setigera,  see  Chonetes  setigera. 

semiovalis,  Conrad,  syn.  for  Leptsena  ser- 
icea. 

semiovalis,  Shaler.  The  name  had  been 
twice  preoccupied. 

squamula,  James,  1874,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 
Sci.,  vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little 

striata,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N. 

Y.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  striated.] 
subdemma,  syn.  for  Strophodonta  demissa. 
subplana,    see  Streptorhynchus  subpla- 

nus. 
subtenta,  see  Streptorhynchus    subtentus. 
syrtalis,  syn.  for  Chonetes  carinata. 
tenuilineata,  Conrad,    1842,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.   8,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

slender-lined.] 
tenuistriata,  Sowerby,  1839,   (Leptsena 

tenuistriata)   Murch.   Sil.  Syst.,  Low. 

Sil.     [Sig.  fine-lined.] 
textilis,  see  Strophodonta  junia. 
thalia,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  Geo.,  vol. 

5,  Trenton  Gr.      [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
transversalis,  see  Leptsena  transversalis. 
trilobata,  Owen,  1852,  (Leptsena  trilobata) 

Geo.  par.  Wis.,  Iowa  &  Minn.,  Trentop 

Gr.     [Sig.  three-lobed.] 
tullia,   Billings,   1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Low.  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
undulata,  syn.  for  S.  rhomboidalis. 
undulosa,  Conrad,  1841,   Ann.   Rep.   N. 

Y.,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  un- 
dulations.] 
unicostata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,   vol.   3,   Cin'ti  Gr.      [Sig. 

single-ribbed.] 
varistriata,  see  Strophodonta  varistriata. 
ventricosa,  Shaler,   (Brachyprion    ventri- 

cosum).    The  name  was  preoccupied. 
wooltvorthana,  see  Streptorhynchus  wool- 
worth  an  us. 
Syntrielasma,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.      [Ety.  syn,  together; 

treis,  three ;  elasma,  plate.] 
hemiplicatum,  Hall,  1852,(Spirifera  hemi- 

plicata)  Stan's.  Ex.  to  Great  Salt  Lake, 

Coal    Meas.      [Sig.    half-folded    or 

plaited.] 
Syringothyris,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.      [Ety.   syrinx,    a    pipe    or 

channel;   thyris]  a  small  window   or 

orifice.] 


halli,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
typus,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Low.  Carb.      [Ety.  type  of 

the  genus.] 
Terebratula,    Llhwyd,    1696,    Lith.    Brit. 

Ichn.     [Ety.  diminutive  of  terebrains, 

perforated.] 
affinis,  syn.  for  Atrypa  reticularis. 
aprinis,  see  Rhynchonella  aprinis. 
arcuata,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  bent  or 

arched.]    The  name  was  preoccupied 

by  Roemer  in  1840. 
argentea,  see  A  thyris  argentea. 
aspera,  see  Atrypa  aspera. 
bidentata,  see  Rhynchonella  bidentata. 
bovidens,  Morton,  1836,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  29,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  bos,  an  ox ; 

dens,  a  tooth.] 
breviroslris,  see  Rhynchonella  brevirostris. 
brevilobata,    Swallow,    1863,   Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig. 

short-lobed.] 
burlingtonensis,  White,  1860,  Bost.  Jour. 

Nat.   Hist.,    Kinderhook  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
concentrica,  syn.  for  Athyris  spiriferoides. 
crenulata,  Sowerby,  1840,  (Atrypa  crenu- 

lata)   Geo.   Trans.,  2nd  series,  vol.  5, 

Devonian.     [Sig.  crenulated.] 
cuneata,  see  Rhynchonella  cuneata. 
elia,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4,  Up. 

Held-  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
elongata,  Schlotheim,  1817,  Akad.  Munich, 

vol.  6,  Permian  Gr.  [Sig.  elongated.] 
formosa,  Hall,   1858,   Trans.   Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  beautiful.] 
geniculosa,  syn.  for  Terebratula  bovidens. 
gracilis,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  slender.] 

The  name  was  preoccupied  by  Von 

Buch  in  1834. 
harmonia,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Cornif.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
inornata,    McChesney,    1860,   New    Pal. 

Foss.,  Carb.      [Sig.  not  ornamented.] 
insperata,  Phillips,  1841,  Pal.  Foss.,  De- 
vonian.    [Sig.  unexpected.] 
interplicata,    see    Rhynchonella  interpli- 

cata. 
jucunda,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  welcome.] 
lens,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Cornif. 

Gr.    [Sig.  convex  on  both  sides.] 
laticosta,  see  Atrypa  laticosta. 
lincklseni,   Hall,   1860,   13th  Reg.    Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lynx,  see  Orthis  lynx. 
marcyi,  see  Retzia  marcyi. 
marginalia,  see  Atrypa  marginalis. 
michelini,  see  Orthis  michelini. 
millepunctata,  syn.  for  T.  bovidens. 
mormoni,  see  Retzia  mormoni. 
navicella,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  boat.] 
Ontario,   Hall,   1867,   Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 


BRACHIOPODA. 


139 


oroides,  see  Rensselseria  ovoides. 
parva,    Swallow,   1863,  Trans.   St.   Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.   [Sig.  small.] 
'  The  name  was  preoccupied  by  d'Arch- 

iac  in  1846. 
perinflata,  Shumard,.  1859,Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Sig.  very 

much  inflated.] 
planirostra,  see  Cryptonella  planirostra. 
rectirostra,  see  Cryptonella  rectirostra. 
reticularis,  see  Atrypa  reticularis, 
roemingeri,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
sacculus,  Martin,  18  09,    Petrif.   Derb., 

Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  a  little  sack.] 
schiotheimi,  see  Camerophoria  schlotheimi. 
simulator,  Hall,  1867,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  an  imitator.] 
gpiriferoides,  see  Athyris  spiriferoides. 
subtilita,  see  Athyris  subtilita. 
sullivanti,  Hall,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  4,   Up. 

Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
traversensis,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 

Penin.  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
trinuclea,  Hall,  1858,   Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,   Warsaw  Gr.      [Sig.   three- 

kerneled.] 
turgida,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  swollen-out.] 
uta,  see  Rhynchonella  uta. 
vrilsoni,  see  Rhynchonella  wilsoni. 
Terebratulites,  Schlotheim,  syn.  for  Spirifera. 

biforatus,  see  Orthis  biforata. 
Tbemati8,  Sharpe,  1847,   Quar.  Jour.   Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  13.  [Ety.  trema,  an  opening.] 
cselata,  see  Obolella  cselata. 
cancellata,  Sowerby,  1825,  (Orbicula  can- 

cellata)  Zool.  Jour.,  vol.  2,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig  cancellated.] 
crassa,  see  Obolella  crassa. 
dyeri,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Jttosa,  see  Schizocrania  filosa. 
huronensis,    Billings,    1862,   Pal.    Foss., 

vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
montrealensis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss., 

vol.    1,    Trenton    Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
millepunctata,    Hall,    1866,     Pamphlet, 

Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  many  dotted.] 
ottawaensis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pannulus,  White,  1874,  Rep.  on  Invert. 

Foss.,  Potsdam    Gr.      [Sig.    a    small 

piece  of  cloth.] 
punctostriata,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep., 

Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  punc- 
tured and  striated.  ] 
(?)  pustulosa,  Hall,  1866,  Pamphlet,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  covered  with  pustules.] 
rudis,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 
terminalis,  Emmons,  1842,  (Orbicula  ter- 

minalis)  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  terminating.] 


Trematospira,  Ball,   1859,  12th  Reg.  Rep. 

[Ety.  trema,  foramen ;  spira,  a  spire ; 

in  allusion  to  the  perforation  in  the 

beak  of  the  ventral  valve.] 
acadiae.Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol. 

5,  Up.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
camura,  Hall,  1852,  (Atrypa  camura)  Pal. 

N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig. 

an  arch.] 
costata,   Hall,    1859,  Pal.  N.   Y.,  vol.   3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  ribbed.] 
deiveyi,  see  Rhynchospira  deweyi. 
formosa,  see  Rhynchospira  formosa. 
gibbosa,  Hall,  I860, 13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  gibbous.] 
globosa,  Hall,  1856,  9th  Reg.  Rep.,  (Wald- 

heimia  globosa)  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig. 

globular.] 
granulifera,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,   Cin'ti    Gr.    [Sig.    bearing 

granules.] 
hirsuta,  Hall,  1857,  (Atrypa  hirsuta)  10th 

Reg.   Rep.,    Cornif.    and    Ham.    Gr. 

[Sig.  rough,  hairy.] 
imbricata,  Hall,  1857,   10th    Reg.   Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  like  one  upon 

another,  as  slates  on  a  roof.] 
mathewsoni,  McChesney,  1861,  New  Pal. 

Foss.,    Niagara    Gr.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
multistriata,  Hall,  1857,  10th  Reg.  Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  many-striated.] 
liniuscula,  Winchell,    1866,    Rep.    Low. 

Peninsula    Mich.,    Ham.    Gr.      [Sig. 

fine-lined.] 
(?)  nobilis,    Hall,     1860,    (Rhynchospira 

nobilis)   13th   Reg.    Rep.,   Ham.   Gr. 

[Sig.  remarkable,  noted.] 
perforata,   Hall,    1857,   10th   Reg.    Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  perforated.] 
(?)  quadriplicata,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,  Cin. 

Quar.   Jour.   Sci.,   vol.   2,   Cin'ti    Gr. 

[Sig.  four-plicated ;  in  allusion  to  the 

four  plications  on  the  mesial  fold.] 
rectirostris,  Hall,  1856,  (Waldheimia  rec- 
tirostra) 9th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low.  Held.' 

Gr.    [Sig.  straight-beaked.] 
simplex,  Hall,  1856,   Pal.   N.  Y.,   vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  simple.] 
Trigonotreta,  Konig,  1825,  Icon.  Foss.  Sect. 

[Ety.   trigonos,  a  triangle ;     tretos   per- 
forated.]   Subgenus  of  Spirifera. 
Trimerella,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.   treis,   three;    meros,   part;    ella, 

diminutive.] 
acuminata,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Guelph  Gr.      [Sig.  sharp-pointed.] 
billingsi,  Dall,  1871,   Am.  Jour.  Conch., 

vol.    7,    Guelph    Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
dalli,   Davidson  &  King,  1872,  Brighton 

Meeting  Brit.  Assoc,  Guelph  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
galtensis,  Billings,  1862,  (Obolusgaltensis) 

Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Guelph  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
grandis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Guelph  Gr.     [Sig.  large.] 


140 


BRACHIOPODA. 


minor,  syn.  for  T.  galterfsis. 

ohioensis,  Meek,  1871,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
2nd  series,  vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
Triplegia,  Hall,  Oct.,  1858.  Camarella  has 
priority  because  it  was  published  in 
August,  1858. 

congesta,  see  Camarella  congesta. 

cuspidata,  see  Camarella  cuspidata. 

extans,  see  Camarella  extans. 

nucleata,  see  Camarella  nucleus. 

ortoni,  see  Camarella  ortoni. 

Tropidoleptus,  Hall,  1857,  proposed  in  10th 

Reg.  Rep.,  but  described  in  1859  in 

12th  Reg.  Rep.     [Ety.  tropis,  the  keel 

or  bottom  of  a  ship;  leptos,  slender.] 

carinatus,  Conrad,  1839,  (Strophomena 
carinata)  Ann.  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham. 
Gr.    [Sig.  keeled.] 

occidens,  Hall,  1860, 13th  Reg.  Rep., Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  western.] 
Vitulina,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.     [Ety. 
mythological  name.] 

pustulosa,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 
Tully  limestone.  [Ety.  covered  with 
pustules;  in  allusion  to  the  minute 
papillae  which  cover  the  surface.]  • 
Waldheimia,  King,  1849,  Monograph  of  Per- 
mian Fossils.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


compacta,  White  &  St.  John,  1868,  Trans. 

Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

compact,  pressed  together.] 
deweyi,  see  Rhynchospira  deweyi. 
formosa,  see  Rhynchospira  formosa. 
globosa,  see  Trematospira  globosa. 
rectirostra,  see  Trematospira  rectirostra. 
Zygospira,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y. 

[Etv.  zygos,  a  yoke  ;   spira,  a  spire.] 
headi,  Billings,  1862,  ( Athyris  headi)  Pal. 

Foss.,  vol.  1,  Cin'ti  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
headi  rar.  anticostiensis,  Billings,   1862, 

(Athvris  headi  var.    anticostiensis) 

Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
headi    var.   borealis,    Billings,    1862, 

(Athyris  headi  var.    borealis)    Pal. 

Foss.,   vol.   1,  Hud.   Riv.   Gr.      [Sig. 

northern.] 
modesta,  Say,   1847,    (Atrypa   modesta) 

Pal.  N.   Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton   &  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  not  large.] 
modesta  var.  cincinnatiensis,  James,  Pal. 

Ohio,  vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
paupera,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  impover- 
ished, small.] 
subconcava,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868, Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig. 

somewhat  concave.] 


CLASS   PTEKOPODA. 


FAMILY  CONULARIID^.—Conularia,  Coleoprion. 

FAMILY  HYOLITHIDM— Hyolithellus,  Hyolithes,  Pterotheca,  Stenotheca,  Theca. 

INCERT.E  SEDIS.— Aspidella,  Scenella,  Tentaculites. 


Aspidella,   Billings,   1872,  Am.   Jour.  Sci., 

3rd  series,  vol.  3.     [Ety.'  aspidella,  a 

little  shield.] 
terranovica,  Billings,  1872,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

3rd  series,  vol.  3,  Huronian  Gr.   [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Clioderma,  Hall,  1861,  syn.  for  Pterotheca. 
attenuate,  see  Pterotheca  attenuata. 
expansa,  see  Pterotheca  expansa. 
Coleoprion,    Sandberger,    1847,    Jahrbuch. 

[Ety.  koleos,  a  sheath  ;  prion,  a  saw.] 
tenuicinctum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devoni- 
an Foss.,  Cornif.  &  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

fine-girded.] 
Conularia,  Miller,  1818,  in  Sowerby's  Min. 

Conch.,  vol.  3.      [Ety.  conulus',  a  little 

cone.] 
asperata,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Sig.  rough.] 
byblis,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 

Hist.,  vol.   9,    Chemung  Gr.      [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
cayuga,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
congregata,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,  Portage  Gr.      [Sig.  congregated 

together.] 
continens,   Hall,   1876,    Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,  Marcellus  shale.     [Sig.  holding 

together.] 
crebristriata,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,    Ham.     Gr.       [Sig.    from    the 

crowded  stria?.] 
elegantula,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.   Phil.,   Cornif.    Gr.      [Sig.    quite 

elegant.] 
gattingeri,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gracilis,   Hall,   1847,   Pal.    N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 
granulata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  granulated.] 
hudsoni,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geo.,  Utica 

Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
huntana,  Hall,  1859,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
laqueata,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  paneled.] 
lata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Oris- 

kanv  sandstone.     [Sig.  broad.] 
longa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  long.] 
marionensis,   Swallow,   1860,  Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.   Sci.,  Ham.    Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 


micronema,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  small- 
threaded  or  lined.] 
missouriensis,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Etv. 

proper  name.] 
molaris,  White,  1876,  Proc.   Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Devonian.     [Sig.  a  grinder.] 
newberryi,  Winched,  1865,  Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.Sci.,Wav.  Gr.  [Ety.  propername.j 
niagarensis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
osagensis,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
papillata,   Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Tren.  Gr.    [Sig.  covered  with  papilli.] 
planocostata,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.", 

Carb.     [Sig.  plain-ribbed.] 
pyramidalis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  pyramidal.] 
quadrata,  Walcott,  1876,  Desc.  New  Sp. 

Foss.,  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig.  quadrate.] 
quadrisulcata,    (?)   Miller,  1826,   Min. 

Conch.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  having  four 

depressions.] 
splendida,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  splendid.] 
subcarbonaria,   Meek  &  AVorthen,   1873, 

Geo.  Sur.   111.,  vol.  5,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.   in  Lower  Carboniferous  rocks.] 
subulata,  Hall,   1858,   Trans.   Alb.  Inst, 

vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  awl-shaped.] 
trentonensis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  &  Hud.   Riv.   Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
triplicata,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,   Ham.   Gr.     [Sig.    three- 
plicated.] 
undulata,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 
victa,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  IN  at. 

Hist.,  vol.   9,   Burlington   Gr.      [Sig. 

conquered,  suppressed.] 
Hyolithellus,  Billings,  1871,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geol.,   vol.   6.     [Ety.    diminutive    of 

Hyolithes.} 
micans,  Billings,  1871,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  6,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  shining.] 
Hyolithes,  Eichwald. 

aclis,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  small  javelin.] 
americanus,   Billings,    1871,  (Theca    tri- 
angularis, Hall)   Can.   Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  6,  Pots.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 


142 


PTEROPODA. 


centennialiB,  Barrett,    1877,    Ann.    Lye. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.   11,  Low.  Held.   Gr. 

[Ety.  the  one  hundredth  year,  because 

the  description  was  written  in  1876.] 
communis,  Billings,   1871,  Can.   Nat.   & 

Geol.,  vol.  6,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  com- 
mon.] 
emmonsi,  Ford,  1873,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd 

series,   vol.   5,   Potsdam    Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
excellens,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  excellent.] 
gibbosus,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  gibbous.] 
impar,  Ford,  1872,  Am.   Jour.   Sci.,   3rd 

series,  vol.  3,  Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig.  un- 
equal.] 
ligea,  Hall,  1863,  (Theca  ligea)  15th  Reg. 

Rep.   N.   Y.,  Up.  Held.   Gr.      [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
micans,  see  Hyolithellus  micans. 
primordialis,  Hall,  1861,  (Theca    primor- 

dialis)  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Potsdam  Gr. 

[Sig.  first  in  order.] 
princeps,  Billings,  1871,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  6,  Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig.  primitive.] 
principalis,  Hall,  1876,   Illust.   Devonian 

Foss.,  Schoharie  Grit.     [Sig.  principal, 

large.] 
striatus,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  striated.] 
Ptekotheca,  Salter,  1852,  Rep.  Brit.  Ass'n. 

[Ety.  Pterotheca,  a  winged   Theca.'] 
anatiformis,  Hall,  1847,  (Tellinomya  anat- 

iformis)  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.   1,  Trenton 

Gr.     [Ety.  like  an  Anatifa.'] 
attenuata,  Hall,  1861,  (Clioderma  atten- 

uata)   14th  Reg.   Rep.,    Trenton   Gr. 

[Sig.  drawn  out,  attenuated.] 
canaliculata,  Hall,  1861,  14th  Reg.  Rep., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  channeled.] 
expansa,  Emmons,  1842,   (Delthyris  ex- 

pansus)  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Black  Riv. 

&  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  spread  out.] 
saffordi,  Hall,  1861,  14th  Reg.  Rep.,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
transversa,  Salter,  1852,  Rep.  Brit.  Ass'n, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  crosswise.] 
undulata,  Hall,   1861,    14th    Reg.    Rep., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 
Pugiunculus  acvleatus.  see  Theca  aculeata. 
Scenella,  Billings,  1873,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol. 

and  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2.      [Ety.  scene,  a 

tent ;  ella,  diminutive.] 
reticulata,  Billings,  1873,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Huronian  Gr.     [Sig.  like  net-work.] 
retusa,  Ford,  1873,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts, 

3rd  series,  vol.  5,  Low.  Potsdam  Gr. 

[Sig.  blunted.] 
Stenotheca,  Hicks,  1872,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.     [Ety.  stenos,   narrow ;    Theca,   a 

genus  of  Pteropods.] 
pauper,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.  vol.  2, 

Huronian  Gr.     [Sig.  impoverished.] 
Tentaculites,  Schlotheim,  1820,  Petrefacten. 

[Ety.  tentaculum,  a  feeler;  lilhos,  stone.] 
arenosus,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devon.  Foss., 

Oriskany  sandstone.     [Sig.  sandy.] 


attenuatus,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  attenuated.] 
bellulus,    Hall,    1876,    Illust.    Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
distans,  Hall,   1852,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  distant.] 
elongatus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  lengthened.] 
fissurella,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Marcellus  shale.     [Sig.  a  little 

cleft] 
flfxuosa,  see  Conchicolites  flexuosus. 
hoyti,  White,  1876,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gyracanthus,  Eaton,  1832,  (Echinus  gy- 

racanthus)     Geo.     Text-book,    Low. 

Held  Gr.    [Sig.  round  spine.] 
incurvus,  Shumard,  1856,  Geo.  Rep.  Mo., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  incurved.] 
irregularis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

syn.  for  Tentaculites  gyracanthus. 
minutus,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 
niagarensis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ornatus,  Sowerby,  1839,  Murch.  Sil.  Syst., 

Water  lime  Gr.     [Sig.  adorned.] 
oswegoensis,    Meek    &    Worthen,    1865, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
rich monden sis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin. 

Quar.   Jour.   Sci.,   Cin'ti   Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
scalariformis,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,   Up.   Held.   Gr.     [Sig.  like    T. 

scalaris.] 
scalaris,  Schlotheim,  1820,  Petref.  t.   29, 

Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  ladder.]    Not 

an  American  species, 
sicula,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  dagger.] 
spicula,    Hall,    1876,     Illust.     Devonian 

Foss.,  Chemung   Gr.      [Sig.   a  dart.] 
sterlingensis,    Meek  &  Worthen,    1865, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
subtilis,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.    very 

slender.] 
tenuistriatus,    Meek    &  Worthen,    1865, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Sig.  finely  striated.] 
Theca,  Sowerby,    18  45,    Morris'  Memoir 

Strezelscki's   N.    S.   Wales.     [Ety.  a 

sheath  or  case.] 
aculeata,  Hall,    1860,   13th    Reg.    Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  sharpened.] 
gregaria,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1861,    Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.  Phil.,   Potsdam  Gr. 

[Sig.  occurring  in  masses.] 
ligea,  see  Hyolithes  ligea. 
parviuscula,  Hall,   1862,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
primordialis,  see  Hyolithes  primordialis. 
triangularis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    This  name  was  pre- 
occupied by  Portlock  in  1843.    Billings 

described  it  as  Hyolithes  americanus. 


CLASS  GASTEEOPODA. 


FAMILY    BELLEROPHONTID^E  — Bellerophon,    Bucania,    Carinaropsis,    Cyrtolites, 

Ecculiomphalus,  Microceras,  Phragmostoma,  Porcellia,  Tremanotus. 
FAMILY  CALYPTR^ID^.— Capulus,Conchopeltis,Metoptoma,  Pala3acma;a,Platyceras, 

Trochita. 
FAMILY  CHITONIDtE.— Chiton. 
FAMILY  DENTALIID.E.— Dentalium. 

FAMILY  HELICID^S.— Dawsonella,  Pupa,  Streptaxis,  Zonites. 
FAMILY  LITTORINID.E.— Xenophora. 
FAMILY  MACLUR^ID^.— Maclurea. 
FAMILY  MURICIDJE.— Fusispira. 
FAMILY  NATICID.E.— Naticopsis,  Trachydomia. 
FAMILY  PLEUROTOMARIIDiE—  Helicotoraa,     Microdoma,    Murchisonia,   Pleuroto- 

maria,  Raphi  stoma,  Scalites. 
FAMILY  PYRAMIDELLID^E—  Aclis,  Chemnitzia,  Loxonema,  Macrocheilus,  Polyphe- 

mopsis,  Soleniscus,  Subulites. 
FAMILY  ROTELLID^E.-Anomphalus. 
FAMILY  SCALARIID.E.— Holopella. 
FAMILY  SOLARIDyE.— Euomphalus,  Ophileta,  Phanerotinus,  Platyschisma,  Platyos- 

toma,  Straparollus,  Straparollina,  Strophostylus. 
FAMILY  TURBINID^E.— Clisospira,  Cyclonema,  Cyclora,  Eunema,  Holopea,  Isonema, 

Orthonema,  Orthostoma,  Trochonema,  Turbo. 
FAMILY  TURRITELLIDyE.— Turritella. 


Aclis,  Loven.     [Ety.  a,    without;     kleis,    a 

projection.] 
minuta,  Stevens,   1858,   Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  minute.] 
robusta,   Stevens,   1858,   Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  robust.] 
swallovana,   Geinitz,    18ti6,    (Turbonella 

swallovana)  Carb.  und  Dyas  in  Neb., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Acrocidia,  Phillips,  1841,  syn.  for  Platyceras. 
angtUata,  see  Platyceras  angulata. 
erecta,  see  Platyceras  e  recta. 
ovalis,  see  Platyceras  ovalis. 
niagarcnxis,  see  Platyceras  niagarensis. 
ttjgonalis,  see  Platyceras  trigonalis. 
Ampullaria,  Lamarck,  1801,  Syst.  An.  sans 

Vert.     [Ety.  ampulla,  a  flask.] 

helicoides,  see  Platyschisma  helicoides. 

Anomphalus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.      [Ety.   Anomphalos, 

without  an  umbilicus.] 
meeki,  see  Dawsonella  meeki. 
rotulus,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1866,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

a  litttle  wheel.] 


Bkllkrophon,  Montfort,  1808,  Conch.  Syst., 

vol.  1.     [Etv.  mythological  name.] 
acutilira,   Ua\\",   1862,   15th  Reg.   Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  sharp-ridged.] 
acutus,  Sowerby,  1839,  Murch.  Sil.  Syst., 

Low.  Silurian.     [Sig.  sharp.] 
allegoricus,  White,   18  74,  Rep.   Invert. 

Foss.,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  allegorical.] 
angicstata,  see  Bucania  angustata. 
apertus,  Sowerby,  1825,  Min.  Conch.,  vol. 

5,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  an  opening.] 
argo,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  5,   Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr. 

[Ety.   mythological  name.] 
auriculatus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Coralline  limestone.  [Sig.  having  ear- 
like appendages.] 
barquensis,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,'  Marshall  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
bidorsatus,  see  Bucania  bidorsata. 
bilobatus,    Sowerby,   1839,    Murch.   Sil. 

Syst.,  Black  Riv.  to  Mid.   Sil.    [Sig. 

two-lobed.] 


144 


GASTEROPODA. 


bilobatus  var.  acutus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N. 

Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  sharp.] 
bilobatus  var.  corrugatus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal. 

N.   Y.,  vol.   1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

wrinkled.] 
blaneyanus,  syn.  for.  B.  carbonarius. 
bowmani,  White,  1876,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
brevilineatus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Up.  Sil.      [Sig.  short- 
lined.] 
canadensis,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
cancellatus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  1, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  cancellated.] 
cancellatus,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.   4,  Warsaw  Gr.      The  name  was 

preoccupied, 
carbonarius,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Rep.  Ky., 

vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  pertaining  to 

the  Coal  Measures.] 
carbonarius  var.   subpapillosus,    White, 

1876,  Geo.  Uinta  Mountains,  Up.  Au- 
brey Gr.      [Sig.  somewhat  papillose.] 
carinatus,   Sowerby,    1839,    Murch.    Sil. 

Syst.,  Devonian.     [Sig.  keeled.] 
charon,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol. 

vol.  5,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
con volutus,  Eaton,  1832,  Geo.  Text-book, 

Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  spiral- whorled.] 
crassus,   Meek  &  Worthen,   1860,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,   Coal   Meas.      [Sig. 

thick.] 
crenistria,   Hall,   1876.   Illust,  Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  having  wrin- 
kled lines.] 
curvilineatus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Onondaga,  Schoharie 

and  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  having  curved 

lines.] 
cyrtolites,   Hall,    1860,    13th   Reg.    Rep., 

Kinderhook  Gr.     [Sig.  curved  stone.] 
declivis,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig  sloping.] 
disculus,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.   [Sig. 

a  little  disc] 
ellipticus,  McChesney,  1860,  Desc.  New 

Pal.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  elliptical.] 
expansus,  Hall,  1847.     The  name  was  pre- 
occupied by  Sowerby.      See  Bucania 

expansa. 
fraternus,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  fraternal, 

allied  to  B.  expansus.] 
galericulatus,  Winch  ell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.      [Sig.  small 

capped.] 
globosus,  Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  globose.] 
hiulcus,    Sowerby,    Min.     Conch.       Not 

American, 
kansasensis,  Shumard,  1858,   Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 


leda,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
lineolatus,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  finely  lined.] 
lindsleyi,   Safford,   1869,  Geo.   of  Tenn., 

Nashville  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lyra,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  a  lyre.] 
macer,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Calciferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
mtera,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Chemung  G  r .      [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
marcouanus,    Geinitz,    1866,    Carb.  und 

Dyas.  in  Neb.,   Coal  Meas.        [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
meekanus,   Swallow,    1858,   Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,   Coal  Meas.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
michiganensis,   Winchell,   18  6  2,    Proc 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
miser,  Billings,  18  66,  Catal.  Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,   Hud.   Riv.   Gr.     [Sig.   miser- 
able.] 
missouriensis,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chester  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
mohri,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,   Cin.    Quar. 

Jour.   Sci.,   Cin'ti  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
montfortanus,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1855, 

Jour.   Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,   Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
nashvillensis,  Troost,  1840,  5th  Geo.  Rep. 

Tenn.,  Low.  Sil.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
nautiloides,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.      [Sig.  like  a 

nautilus.'] 
neleus,   Hall  &  Whitfield,   1876,   Illust. 

Devonian  Foss.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
newberryi,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,   Corniferous  Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
nodocarinatus,   Hall,   185  8,  Geo.    Rep. 

Iowa,  Coal  Meas.       [Sig.  knotty  and 

keeled.] 
obsoletus,   Hall,   1876,   Illust.   Devonian 

Foss.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  obsolete.] 
otsego,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
palinurus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,   Quebec  Gr.       [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
panneus,   White,   1862,  Proc.  Bost.   Soc 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig. 

ragged.] 
patersoni,  Hall,   1862,   Geo.   Rep.  Wis., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.   proper  name.] 
patulus,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  broad,  spread 

out.] 
pelops,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie &  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 


GASTEROPODA. 


145 


percarinatus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  very 

strongly  keeled.] 
perforatus,  syn.  for  Tremanotus  alpheus. 
perlatus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,   vol.   8,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  very 

wide.] 
platvstoma,  Meek  &  AVorthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.   3,   Galena  Gr.      [Sig. 

broad-mouthed.] 
plenus,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Devonian.     [Sig.  full,  large.] 
profundus,  Emmons,  Geo.    Rep.   N.  Y., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  deep.] 
propinquus,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Cornif.  Gr.     [Ety.  from  close  re- 
semblance to  B.  newberryi.] 
punctifrons,   Emmons,   1842,   Geo.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig. 

dotted  in  front.] 
rudis,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  rude,  rough.] 
rugosiusculus,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Sig.  covered 

with  small  wrinkles.] 
scriptiferus,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety. 

scriptum,  writing;  few,  to  carry.] 
scissile,  Conrad,  1846,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  2,  Carb.     [Sig.  cleft,  rent.] 
solitarius,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,   Hud.   Riv.   Gr.      [Sig.  alone, 

solitary.] 
stamineus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Low.  Carb.   [Sig.  thready.] 
stevensanus,     McChesney,    1860,    Desc. 

New  Pal.   Foss.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
striatus  (?),  Sowerby,   1839,   Murch.    Sil. 

Syst.,  Portage  Gr.     The  name   was 

preoccupied  by  D'Orbigny. 
sublsevis,  Hall,  1856,  Trans.   Alb.   Inst., 

vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.   somewhat 

smooth.] 
tukatimu,  see  Bucania  sulcatina. 
thalia,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
tricarinatus,   Shumard,   1858,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.   Sci.,   Coal   Meas.     [Sig. 

three-keeled.] 
trkarinata,  Hall,    1876,  Illust.    Devonian 

Foss.,  Chemung  Gr.      The  name  was 

preoccupied, 
troosti,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  Rep.  Tenn., 

Nashville   Gr.     [Ety.   proper  name.] 

This  name  was  preoccupied  by  D'Or- 

bignv  in  1839. 
tuber,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.     [Sig.  a  bump  or  knob.] 
urei,  Fleming,  1828,  British  Animals,  De- 
vonian.    [Ety.  proper  name.]    Amer- 
ican species.  (?) 
vittatus,  svn.  for  B.  carbonarius. 
volutus,  'Eaton,   1832,   Geol.   Text-book, 

Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  whorled.] 
whittleseyi,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.    Sci.,    Cuyahoga    shale.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 


19 


Bucaxella  nana,   Meek,   1870,  Proc.   Am. 

Phil.   Soc,   vol.    11,    Silurian.      [Sig. 

dwarfish.] 
Bucania,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1.    [Ety. 

bukane,  a  trumpet.] 
angustata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  &  Guelph  Gr.    [Sig.  narrowed 

or  constricted.] 
bellipuncta,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  beautifully  dotted.] 
bidorsata,  Hall,  1847,  (Bellerophon  bidor- 

satus)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  having  a  double  back.] 
chicagoensis,  McChesney,  1860,  New  Pal. 

Foss.,   Niagara  Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
costata,  James,  1872,  (Cyrtolites  costatus) 

Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  3,  Cin'ti 

Gr.     [Sig.  ribbed,  having  prominent 

ridges.] 
crassolaris,  McChesney,   1861,  New  Pal. 

Foss.,   Niagara  Gr.      [Ety.   crassus, 

thick.] 
devonica,   Hall,  187  2,  24th  Reg.  Rep., 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
expansa,    Hall,   1847,    (Bellerophon  ex- 

pansus)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.   1,  Trenton 

Gr.     [Sig.  widely-spread.] 
intexta,  Hall,   1847,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  plaited,  woven.] 
lirata,  Hall,  1862,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  furrowed.] 
pervoluta,  McChesney,   1861,  New  Pal. 

Foss.,   Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  very  much 

rolled.] 
profunda,  Conrad,   1841,   Ann.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  (Euomphalus  profundus)  Low. 

Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  deep.] 
profunda,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    This  name  was  pre- 
occupied, 
punctifrons,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  dotted  in  front.] 
rotundata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  rounded.] 
rugosa,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Utica 

Gr.     [Sig.  rugose.] 
stigmosa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.    [Sig.  full  of  marks.] 
sulcatina,   Emmons,    1842,   (Bellerophon 

sulcatinus)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Chazy, 

Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig. 

small-furrowed.] 
trilobata,   Conrad,   1838,    (Planorbis  tri- 

lobatus)   Ann.   Rep.  N.  Y.,  Medina 

sandstone  &  Clinton  Gr.    [Sig.  three- 

lobed.] 
Bulimella,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4.   [Ety.  a  small  Bulirnus.']  This  name 

was  preoccupied  by  Pfeiffer  in  1852. 
bulimiformis,  see  Polyphemopsis  bulimi- 

formis. 
canaiiculata,    see  Polyphemopsis  canali- 

culata. 
dongata,  see  Polyphemopsis  elongate. 


146 


GASTEROPODA. 


Capulus,  Montfort,  1810,  Conch.  Syst.,  vol. 
2.     [Ety.  capulus,  a  coffin.] 
acutirostris,  Hall,  1856,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 
vol.    4,    Warsaw    Gr.      [Sig.    sharp- 

auriformis',  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  ear-shaped.] 
parvus,  Swallow,   1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  small.] 
triplicatus,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  three- 
plicated.] 
Carinaropsis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

[Ety.  from  its  resemblance  to  Carin- 

aria.] 
carinata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  keeled  or  having 

ridges.] 
orbiculata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  orbicular.] 
patelliformis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  &  Hud.   Riv.   Gr.      [Sig. 

patella  or  limpet-shaped.] 
Chemnitzia,  D'Orbigny,    1837,    Mollusques, 

Echinoderm.es,  Foraminiferes  et  Pol- 

ypiers,    etc.       [Ety.    proper    name.] 

Prof.   Meek  was  of  the  opinion  that 

the    species    referred   to    this  genus 

from  the  palaeozoic  rocks  more  prop- 
erly  belong  to  Loxonema  and  other 

genera, 
attenuata,  Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  drawn  out, 

attenuated.] 
parva,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3, 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  small.] 
swallovana,   Shumard,   1859,   Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
tenuilineata,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep. 

Mo.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  fine  lined.] 
Chiton,  Linnaeus,   1758,  Syst.  Nat.,  ed.  10. 

[Ety.  chiton,  a  coat  of  mail.] 
canadensis,  see  Metoptoma  canadense. 
carbonarius,  Stevens,    1859,   Am.   Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  from 

the  Coal  Measures.] 
parvus,  Stevens,   1859,   Am.   Jour.   Sci., 

vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  small.] 
Clisospira,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  kleio,  to  lock;   spira,  a  whorl.] 
curiosa,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  curious.] 
Conchopeltis,  Walcott,  1876,  Desc.  New  Sp. 

Foss.    [Ety.  conche,  shell ;  pelte,  shield.] 
alternata,  Walcott,  1876,  Desc.  New  Sp. 

Foss.,  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig.  alternate.] 
minnesotensis,  Walcott,  1876,  Desc.  New 

Sp.  Foss.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Cyclonema,  Hall,   1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

[Ety.  Jcuklos,  a  circle;  nema,  a  thread.] 
bellulum,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.    [Sig.  beautiful.] 
bilix,  Conrad,  1842,  (Pleurotomaria  bilix) 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Trenton 

and  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  woven  with 

a  double  thread.] 


bilix  rar.  conicum,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,Cin. 

Quar.   Jour.   Sci.,   vol.   1,   Cin'ti   Gr. 

[Sig.  conical.] 
bilix  var.  fluctuatum,  James,  1874,(Cyclo- 

nema  fluctuata)  Cin.  Quar.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 
cancellatum,  Hall,  1843,  (Littorina  cancel- 

lata)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Clin- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  cancellated.] 
commune,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  common.] 
concinna,    Hall,   1876,  Illust.   Devonian 

Foss.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
crenistriatum,  Hall,  1876,  IllustDevonian 

Foss.,   Schoharie  grit.     [Sig.   having 

wrinkled  striae.] 
crenulatum,  Meek,  1871,  Proc  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Cornif.  Gr.    [Sig.  crenulated.] 
decorum,   Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.      [Sig.  seemly.] 
elevatum,  Hall,  1868,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  elevated  J 
hageri,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hallanum,  Salter,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
hamiltonige,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
humile,  Billings,   1866,  Catal.   Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,     Anticosti    Gr.      [Sig.    poor, 

small.] 
liratum,  Hall,  1862, 15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  furrowed.] 
mediocre,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.      [Sig.  ordinary, 

middling.] 
montrealense,  Billings,  1862,   Pal.  Foss., 

vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
multiliratum,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  many-furrowed.] 
obsoletum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  obsolete,  from  the 

nearly  obsolete  spire.] 
obsoleta,  Hall,  1876,  Illustr.  Devonian, 

Foss.,  Chemung  Gr.    The  name  was 

preoccupied, 
percarinatum,  Hall,  1847,  (Pleurotomaria 

percarinata)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton 

&  Hud.  Riv.   Gr.     [Sig.   very  much 

carinated.] 
percingulatum,  Billings,    1857,  Rep.    of 

Progr.,  Clinton  &  Niagara   Gr.     [Sig. 

encircled  with  many  lines.] 
phsedra,  Billings,  1865  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
pyramidatum,   James,   1874,  Cin.   Quar. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig.  pyra- 
midal.] 
rugfelineatum,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  rugose-lined.] 
semicarinatum,   Salter,   1859,   Can.   Org. 

Rem.,  Decade  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig. 

half-carinated.] 
sulcatum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2, 

Guelph  Gr.     [Sig.  furrowed.] 


GASTEROPODA. 


147 


tennesseense,   Roemer,    18  60,     (Turbo 

tennesseensis)   Sil.   Fauna,  des  West 

Tenn.,   Niagara  Gr.       [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
varians,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Mid.  Sil.      [Sig.  variable.] 
varieosum,  Hall,  1870,  24th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.  (Published  by  mistake  in  14th  Reg. 

Rep.,  1861,  as  C.  ventricosa)  Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Sig.  having  the  threads  or  lines  en- 
larged.] 
ventricosum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  ventricose.] 
Cyclora,  Hall,  1845,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  48. 

[Ety.  kuklos,  a  circle.] 
hoffmanni,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar. 

Jour.    Sci.,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
minuta,  Hall,  1845,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,vol.  48 

Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  minute.] 
nana,  syn.  for  Cyclora  minuta. 
parvula,  Hall,  1845,  (Turbo  parvula)  Am, 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  48,   Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig, 

very  small.] 
Cyclostoma,  Lamarck,   1801,   Syst.  An.  sans 

Vert.      [Ety.  kuklos,  a  circle;  stoma, 

mouth.] 
pervetusta,  see  Pleurotomaria  pervetusta. 
Cybtolites,  Conrad,  1838,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y. 

[Ety.  kurtos,  curved ;  lithos,  stone,] 
carinatus,   S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar. 

Jour.  Sci.,   vol.   1,   Cin'ti  Gr.      [Sig. 

keeled ;  from  the  ridges  on  the  sides.] 
compressus,  Conrad,  1838,  (Phragmolites 

compressus)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Black 

Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  compressed.] 
conradi,  Hall,1862,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Tren- 
ton Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
costatus,  see  Bucania  costata. 
cristatus,   Safford,   1869,   Geo.   of  Tenn., 

Nashville  Gr.     [Sig.  crested.] 
desideratus,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.Foss. 

Antic,   Hud.   Riv.   Gr.      [Sig.  to  be 

desired.] 
dyeri,  Hall,  1871,  Pamphlet,   Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
elegans,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.   Quar. 

Jour.   Sci.,  vol.    1,   Cin'ti   Gr.      [Sig. 

elegant.] 
expansus.  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Oriskany    sandstone.       [Sig.    spread 

out.] 
filosus,  Emmons,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  thready.] 
gillanus,  White  &  St.  John,   1868,  Trans. 

Chi.   Acad.   Sci.,  Coal   Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
imbricatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  im- 
bricated.] 
mitella,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  a  bandage.] 
ornatus,  Conrad,  1838,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  ornamented.] 
pannosus,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Sig.  ragged.] 


pileolus,  Hall,  1862,15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  a  small  cap.] 
sinuosus,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 
trentonensis,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,  vol.  8,  Trenton  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Dawsonella,  Bradley,  1874,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

3rd  series,  vol.  7.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
meeki,    Bradley,    1872,     (Anomphalus 

meeki)  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  series,  vol. 

4,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Dentalium,  Linnams,  1740,  Svst.  Nat.,  2nd 

Ed.     [Ety.  dens,  a  tooth.] 
aciculatum,   Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  like  a  small  needle.] 
annulostriatum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870, 

Proc  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

annular  and  striated.] 
barquense,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
canna,  White,   18J4,  Rep.  Invert.  Foss., 

Carb.     [Sig.  a  reed.] 
granda?vum,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc  Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,   Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  very 

ancient.] 
meekanum,  Geinitz,  1866,  Carb.     und 

Dyas    in  Neb.,   Coal   Meas.        [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
missouriense,  Swallow,   1863,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,   Chester  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
obsolelum,  Hall,   1858,   Geo.    Rep.   Iowa, 

Coal   Meas.     The  name  was  preoc- 
cupied by  Schlotheim  in  1832. 
primarium,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  primary.] 
venustum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  St.   Louis  Gr.    [Sig. 

elegant.] 
Ecculiomphalus,  Portlock,  1843,  Geol.  Rep. 

Lond.     [Ety.  ecculiompludus,  unrolled 

umbilicus.] 
atlanticus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
canadensis,  Billings,  1861,  Can.  Nat.    & 

Geol.,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
distans,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.      [Sig.   distant,  standing 

apart.] 
intortus,  Billings,  1861,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

Quebec  Gr.       [Sig.  twisted,   turned 

round.] 
spiralis,  Billings,  1861,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  spiral.] 
superb  us,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  magnificent.] 
trentonensis,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Trenton   Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
undulatus,  Hall,  1861,   Geo.  Rep.  Wis., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  undulating.] 
Eidima,  Risso,  1826,  Histoire  Naturelle  des 

principales,     etc.        [Sig.     ravenous 

hunger.] 
peracuta,  see  Polyphemopsis  peracuta. 


148 


GASTEROPODA. 


Eunema,  Salter,  1859,  Can. Org.  Rem.,  Decade 
1.     [Ety.  eu,  beautiful;  nema,  a  line.] 

cerithioides,  Salter,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  like 
the  genus  Cerithium.'] 

erigone,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.  ] 

pagoda,  Salter,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 
Decade  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  an 
image  of  a  supposed  deity.] 

priscum,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  4,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  old  or 
ancient.] 

safari,  see  Orthonema  salteri. 

strigillatum,  Salter,  1859,  Can. Org.  Rem., 
Decade  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  fur- 
rowed, fluted.] 

trilineatum,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.   Rep., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  three-lined.] 
Euomphalus,  Sowerby,  1814,  Min.  Conch., 
vol.  1.     [Ety.  eu,  wide ;  omphalos,  um- 
bilicus.] 

boonensis,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

catilloides,  Conrad,  1842,  (Inachus  catil- 
loides)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8, 
Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  like  E.  catillus.] 
The  name  was  preoccupied  by  Ko- 
ninck  in  1841. 

clymenioides,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep., 
Schoharie  grit.  [Sig.  like  a  shell  of 
the  genus  Clymenia.'] 

comes,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  an  associate.] 

conradi,  syn.  for  Euomphalus  decewi. 

cyclostomus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 
vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  having  a 
circular  mouth.] 

decewi,  Billings,  1861,  Can.  Jour.,  Cornif. 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

depressus,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 
N.  Y.,  Low.  Carb.  The  name  was 
preoccupied  by  Goldfuss  in  1832. 

disjunctm,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  The  name  was  pre- 
occupied by  Goldfuss. 

eboracensis,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep., 
Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

exortivus,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 
Carb.    [Sig.  eastern.] 

expansus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  vol.  8,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  expanded.] 

hecale,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 
Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

hemispherica,  see  Platystoma  hemispher- 
icum. 

inops,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  meagre.] 

latus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Bur- 
lington Gr.    [Sig.  broad.] 

laxus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y, 
Cornif.  &  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  loose.] 

lens,  see  Straparollus  lens. 

obtusus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Kin- 
der hook  Gr.     [Sig.  obtuse.] 


perspectivus,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig. 
thoroughly  viewed.] 

pervetus,  Conrad,  1843,  (Inachus  perve- 
tus)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  very  ancient.] 

pervetustus,  Conrad,  1839,  (Cyclostoma 
pervetusta)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y",  Medina 
sandstone.     [Sig.  very  ancient.] 

planidorsatus,   see  Straparollus  planidor- 


planispira,  see  Straparollus  planispiratus. 

planodiscus,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  having  a  plane  disc] 

profundus,  see  Bucania  profunda. 

quadrivolvis,  see  Straparollus  quadrivolvis. 

roberti,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 
Hist.,  vol.  9,  Burlington  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

rotuliformis,  Meek,  1870,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Calciferous  Gr.  [Sig.  wheel - 
shaped.] 

rotundus,  see  Pleurotomaria  rotunda. 

rudis,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 

rugselineatus,see  Cyclonema  rugselineatum. 

rugosus,  see  Straparollus  rugosus. 

sinuatus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 

spergenensis,  see  Straparollus  spergenensis. 

spergenensis  var.  planorbifoi-mis,  see  Stra- 
parollus spergenensis  var.  planorbi- 
formis. 

spirorbis,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  spiral- whorl.] 

springvalensis,  White,  1876,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Kinderhook  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

subplanus,  Hall,  1852,  Stans.  Ex.  to  Gt. 
Salt  Lake,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  somewhat 
flat.] 

sulcatus,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 
N.  Y.,  Onondaga  Gr.    [Sig.  furrowed.] 

tioga,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 
Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.   proper  name.] 

triliratus,  Conrad,  1843,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  three-lined.] 

trochiscus,  Meek,  1870,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Calciferous  Gr.  [Sig.  wheel- 
shaped.] 

umbilicatus,  see  Straparollus  umbilicatus. 

uniangulatus,  see  Ophileta    uniangulata. 

vaticinus,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  prophetical.] 

whitneyi,  see  Straparollus  whitneyi. 
Fusispira,    Hall,    1871,    Pamphlet.      [Ety. 
fusus,  a  spindle;  spira,  a  spire.] 

elongata,  Hall,  1871,  Pamphlet,  Trenton 
Gr.     [Sig.  lengthened,  drawn  out.] 

subfusiformis,  Hall,  1847,  (Murchisonia 
subfusiforme)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Tren- 
ton and  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  some- 
what spindle-shaped.] 

terebriformis,  Hall,  1871,  Pamphlet,Cin'ti 
Gr.     [Sig.  like  an  auger  or  piercer.] 

ventricosa,  Hall,  1871,  Pamphlet,  Trenton 
Gr.     [Sig.  bulging  out.] 


GASTEROPODA. 


149 


vittata,  Hall,  1847,  (Murchisonia  vittata) 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

banded.] 
Fusus,  Bruguiere,  1789,  Encyc.  Meth.    TEty. 

fusus,  a  spindle.]       This  genus  is  un- 
known in  the  palaeozoic  rocks. 
inhabili.i,  see  Macrocheilus   primigenius. 
Heeicotoma,  Salter,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  1.       [Ety.   Helix,   a  genus  of 

shells  ;  tome,  a  notch.] 
declivis,  Safford,  1809,  Geo.  of  Tenn.     Not 

defined, 
eucharis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  beautiful.] 
gorgonea,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
larvata,   Salter,   1859,  "Can.    Org.    Rem., 

Decade  1,  Black  Riv.  and  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  ghost,  masked.] 
miser,   Billings,   1865,   Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  wretched.] 
muricata,  Salter,  1859,  Can.   Org.    Rem., 

Decade  1,  Black  Riv.  and  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  like  the  shell  Murex.] 
perstriata,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat&  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Calciferous    Gr.      [Sig.    very 

much  striated.] 
planulata,  Salter,  1859,  Decade  1,  Black 

Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  rather  flat.] 
proserpina,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,   Quebec  Gr.       [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
serotina,  Nicholson,  1874,  Rep.  Pal.  Ont. 

[Sig.  backward.] 
spinosa,   Salter,   1859,   Can.    Org.    Rem., 

Decade  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  spiny, 

from  the  spines  on  the  whorls.] 
tennesseensis,  Safford,  1869,   Geo.  of  Tenn. 

Not  defined, 
tritonia,   Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
Holopea,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1.  [Ety. 

holos,  entire;  ope,  an  aperture.] 
antiqua,   Yanuxem,    1843,   (Littorina  an- 

tiqua)  Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist,  N.  Y.,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
antiqua  var.  pervetusta,  Hall,  1859,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  ancient.] 
chicagoensis,   Winchell  &  Marcy,    1865, 

Mem.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
conica,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  conical.] 
danai,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
dilucula,  Hall,  1847,  (Turbo  dilucula)  Pal. 

N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Calciferous  Gr.      [Sig. 

very  early,  at  break  of  day.] 
(?)  elongata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  elongated.] 
eriensis,  Nicholson,  1874,  Rep.  Pal.  Ont., 

Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gracia,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Guelph  Gr.     [Sig.  pleasant.] 
guelphensis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Guelph  Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
harmonia,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Guelph  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 


lavinia,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton     Gr.        [Ely.     mythological 

name.] 
leiosoma,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  smooth-bodied.] 
nereis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  &  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  my- 
thological name.] 
niagarensis,    Winchell    &   Marcy,    1865, 

Mem.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
obliqua,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.   Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  ob- 
lique.] 
obscura,  Hall,  1847,  (Turbo  obscura)  Pal. 

N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Calciferous  Gr.     [Sig. 

obscure,  doubtful.] 
occidentalis,  Nicholson,  1875,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.   Lond.,   Guelph  Gr.     [Sig. 

western.] 
ophelia,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ovalis,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.4,  Calciferous  Gr.     [Sig.  oval.] 
paludiniformis,   Hall,    1847,  Pal.  N.    Y., 

vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  Palu- 

dina.] 
proserpina,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Calciferous  &  Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  my- 
thological name.] 
proutana,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.    Alb.  Inst., 

vol.    4,  Warsaw    Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
pyrene,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Black   Riv.   Gr.      [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
reversa,  Hall,  1860,  Can.   Nat.   &    Geo., 

vol.5,  Silurian.     [Sig.  reversed.] 
subconica,   Hall,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  subcon- 

ical.] 
subconica,   Winchell,   1863.      This  name 

was  preoccupied.] 
symmetrica,   Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  svmmetrical.] 
turgida,    Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,   vol.  1, 

Calciferous  Gr.      [Sig.  turgid,  swollen 

out] 
ventricosa,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  bulging  out.] 
Holopelea,   McCoy,   1855.  Brit.   Pal.  Foss. 

[Ety.  diminutive  of  Holopea.'] 
mira,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.    Acad.    Nat. 

Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  wonderful.] 

Inachus  catilloides,see  Euoniphalus  catilloides. 

pervetustus,  see  Euoniphalus  pervetustus. 

undatus,  see  Lituites  undatus. 

Isonema,  Meek  &  Worth  en,  1866,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.     [Ety.  isos,  equal ;  nema, 

a  thread.] 
bellatulum,  Hall,  1861,  (Loxonema  bella- 

tula)  14th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.     [Sig.  quite 

handsome.] 
depressum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

depressed.] 
huiitili.i,  see  Naticopsis  humilis. 


150 


GASTEEOPODA. 


lichas,  Hall,  1861,   (Platyostoma  lichas) 

14th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 

[Ety.  mythological  name.] 
Littvrina,  Ferussac,  18  21,  Tab.  Syst.    An. 

Mollusques,  etc. 
antiqua,  see  Holopea  antiqua. 
cancellata,  see  Cyclonema  cancellatum. 
wlteeleri,  see  Naticopsis  wheel  eri. 
Loxonema,  Phillips,  1841,  Pal.  Foss.     [Ety. 

bxos,  oblique;  nema,  a  thread.] 
aculeatum,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.       [Sig.   sharp- 
pointed.] 
acutulum,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Car- 
boniferous.      [Sig.   somewhat  sharp- 
pointed.] 
attenuatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  attenuated.] 
bellatula,  see  Isonema  bellatula. 
bellona,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
boydi,  see  Murchisonia  boydi. 
carinatum,  Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

2d  series,  vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

keeled.] 
cerithiforme,    Meek  &  Worthen,     1860, 

Proc.   Acad.  Nat.   Sci.,   Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  like  a  shell  of  the  genus  Cerith- 

tttm.] 
coaptum,  Hall,  1876,Illust.DevonianFoss., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  closely-joined.] 
compactum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  compact.] 
danvillense,   Stevens,    1858,   Am.    Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
delphicola,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.   Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
fasciatum,  King,    1850,    Permian    Foss., 

Permian  Gr.     [Sig.  banded.] 
fitchi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
halli,   Norwood  &  Pratten,    1855,   Jour. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2d  series,  vol.  3,  Coal 

Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hamiltoni&e,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hydraulicum,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  from  the  hydraulic 

limestone.] 
inornata,  see  Polyphemopsis  inornata. 
leda,  Hall,  1868,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
minutum,  Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

2d  series,  vol.   25,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

minute.] 
multicostatum,  Meek    &  "Worthen,  1861, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

many-ribbed.] 
murrayanum,  Salter,  1859,Can.Org.Rem., 

Decade  1 ,  Black  Riv.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
newberryi,  see  Macrocheilus  newberryi. 
nexile,  Phillips,    1841,  Pal.  Foss.,  Ham. 

Gr.      [Sig.    interlaced.]        American 

species.  (?) 
nitidula,  see  Polyphemopsis  nitidula. 


nodosum,  Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  2d 

ser.,  vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  knotted.] 
obtusum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

lx>w.  Held  Gr.     [Sig.  obtuse.] 
oligospiratum,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.    [Sig.  having 

few  whorls.] 
pexatum,  Hall,  1861,  14th  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 

Held  Gr.   [Sig.  clothed  in  a  shell  with 

a  nap  on  it.] 
pexatum  var.  obsoletum,  Hall,  1876,Ulust. 

Devonian  Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig. 

obsolete.] 
planogyratum,  Hall,  1839,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  flattened  whorl ; 

from  the  flattening  of  the  upper  side 

of  the  last  volution.] 
politum,  Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  2d 

series,    vol.    25,    Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

smoothed.] 
regulare,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  regular.] 
robustum,  Hall,  1862, 15th  Reg.  Rep.,Scho- 

harie  grit.     [Sig.  robust.] 
rugosum,   Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.   Sci.,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

wrinkled.] 
scitula,  Meek  &  Worthen,    1860,    Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,   Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

neat,  pretty.] 
semicostatum,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.Aca.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  half-ribbed.] 
solidum,  Hall,  1862, 15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie grit.    [Sig.  solid.] 
styliola,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devon.   Foss., 

Chemung    Gr.        [Sig.    a    truncated 

column.] 
subattenuatum,  Hall,  1862,15th  Reg.  Rep., 

Schoharie  grit.   [Sig.  somewhat  atten- 
uated.] 
subulata,  see  Murchisonia  subulata. 
tenuicarinatum,  Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  2nd  series,  vol.   25,   Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  fine-lined.] 
terebra,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devon.  Foss., 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  an  auger.] 
teres,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  well-rounded.] 
turritiformie,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  tower-like.] 
vincta,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  girded.] 
yandellanum,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst. 

vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Macxukea,  LeSueur,  1818,(Maclurites)  Jour. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  1.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
acuminata,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  pointed.] 
affinis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec.  Gr.     [Sig.  near  to.] 
atlantica,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  ChazyGr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
bigsbyi,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
crenulata,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  crenulated.] 


GASTEROPODA. 


lol 


emmonsi,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol 

1,  Quebec  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
labiata,  see  Raphistoma  labiata. 
logani,   Salter,  1851,  Rep.  British  Assoc. 

Black  Riv.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
magna,  LeSueur,  1818,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  1,  Chazv  Gr.     [Sig.  large.] 
matutina,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Calciferous  Gr.  [Sig.  in  the  morning.] 
oceana,  Billings,  18(55,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr."  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
ponderosa,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  heavy.] 
psyche,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
"Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name'.] 
rotundata,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  rounded.] 
speciosa,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  beautiful.] 
sordtda,  see  Ophileta  sordida. 
striata,  Emmons,  see  Raphistoma  striata. 
striata,  Troost,  1840.     Not  defined, 
sylpha,   Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec     Gr.        [Ety.     mythological 

name.] 
transitionis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.      [Sig.  a  passing  over, 

or  transition  between   M.  affinis  and 

M.  emmonsi.'] 
Machocheilus,  Phillips,  1841,  Pal.   Foss. 

[Ety.  macros,  long ;   cheilos,  lip.] 
altonensis,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  5,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
angulifera,    White,   1874,    Rep.    Inverte- 
brate Foss.,  Carboniferous.      [Sig. 

bearing  angles.] 
carinata,   Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  keeled.] 
cooperensis,    Swallow,    1863,  Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
fusiformvs,   Hall,   1858,   Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Coal  Meas.    The  name  was  preoccu- 

}>ied  by  Sowerby,  see  Morris'  Cata- 
ogue. 
gracilis,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  slender.] 
haUanus,  see  Soleniscus  hallanus. 
hamiltonia?,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hebe,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
hildrethi,   Conrad,   1842,    (Plectostylus 

hildrethi)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol. 

8,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
inhabilis,  see  Macrocheilus  primigenius. 
intercalaris,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.       [Sig. 
intercalated.] 
kansasensis,   Swallow,    1858,  Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.   Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.]  , 

klipparti,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
macrostomus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  long-mouthed.] 


medialis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  from 

its  medium  size.] 
missouriensis,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
newberryi,    Stevens,    1858,    (Loxonema 

newberryi)  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  2d  series, 

vol.   25,   Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
paludineeformis,   Hall,   1858,   Geo.   Rep. 

Iowa,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  like  a  shell 

of  the  genus  Paludina.] 
pinguis,  AVinchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  fat,  thick.] 
ponderosus,    Swallow,    1858,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

heavy,  bulky.] 
primpevus,    Hall,  1876.  Illust.   Devonian 

Foss.,  Schoharie  grit.    [Sig.  primeval.] 
primigenius,  Conrad,  1835,  (Stylifer  prim- 

igenia)  Trans.  Geo.  Soc.  Penn.,  vol.  1, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  first  born.] 
pulehellus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.  Sci.,   Coal  Meas.       [Sig. 

beautiful.] 
spiratus,   McCoy,   1850,  Brit.  Pal.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  spiral.] 
texanus,  Shumard,  1859,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
ventricosus,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ventricose.] 
Metoptoma,  Phillips,  1836,Geo.  of  Yorkshire. 

[Ety.  mdopon,   front;    tome,  incision.] 
alceste,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Hud.    Riv.   Gr.      [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
augusta,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
auomala,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  irregular.] 
canadensis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  (Chiton  canadensis)  Black  Riv.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
dubia,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Chazy 

Gr.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 
erato,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.   1, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.       [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
estella,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.   proper  name.] 
eubele,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Calcif.  &  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
hyrie,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
instabilis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  not  firm,  changing.] 
melissa,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec    Gr.       [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
montrealensis,  Billings,  1865,   Pal.  Foss., 

vol.  1,  Chazv  Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
niobe,  Billings",  1862,  Pa"l.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Calcif.  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
nycteis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Calcif.  Gr.   [Ety.  mythological  name.] 


«2 


GASTEROPODA. 


orithyia,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Calcif.  Gr.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
orphyne,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
quebecensis,  Billings,    1865,    Pal.   Foss., 

vol.    1,    Quebec    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
rugosa,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  l,Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  wrinkled.] 
simplex,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Calcif.  Gr.     [Sig.  simple.] 
superba,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  magnificent.] 
trentonensis,   Billings,    1862,  Pal.   Foss., 

vol.    1,   Trenton    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
undata,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.    Phil.,    Kinderhook    Gr.        [Sig. 

wavy.] 
umbella,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1866,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  umbrella-like.] 
venilla,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
Microceras,  Hall,  1845,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol. 

48.     [Ety.  mikros,  small;  keras,  horn.] 
inornatus,  Hall,  1845,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol. 

48,   Cin'ti   Gr.       [Sig.    not    adorned, 

smooth.] 
Microdoma,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.      [Ety.  mikros,  small ; 

domus,  house.] 
conica,  Meek  &  Worthen,    1866,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci. Phil.,  Low.  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  conical.] 
Murchisonia,  D'Archiac  &  Verneuil,  1841, 

Bull.   Soc.    Geo.    Fr.,   vol.   12.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
abbreviata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Chazy  Gr.      The  name  was  preoccu- 
pied by  Koninck  in  1841. 
aciculata,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Silurian.   [Sig.  needle-pointed.] 
acrea,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,    vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ada,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Cal- 

ciferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
adelina,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
agilis,  Billings,  1865,   Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  from  the  depths.] 
alexandra,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
angulata,  Phillips,  1836,  (Rostellaria  an- 

gulata)  Geol.  of  Yorkshire,  Devonian. 

[Sig.    angulated.]       Very    doubtfully 

identified  in  America, 
angustata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Birdseye  Gr.     [Sig.  narrowed.] 
anna,    Billing3,   1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  4,  Calciferous  Gr.  [Ety.  St.  Annis 

in  Canada.] 
archimedea,    McChesney,    1861,    Desc. 

New  Pal.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  per- 
taining to  the  machine  invented  by 

Archimedes.] 
arenaria,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Calciferous  Gr.      [Sig.  sandy.] 


arisaigensis,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Silurian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

artemisia,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Calciferous  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

aspera,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 

attenuata,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst,, 
vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  drawn  out, 
attenuated.] 

augustina,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 

bellicincta,  Hall,  1847,*Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  beau- 
tifully banded.] 

bicincta,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  double- 
banded.]  This  name  was  preoccupied 
by  McCoy  in  1844. 

bilirata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  double-fur- 
rowed.] 

bivittata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Guelph  Gr.     [Sig.  double-banded.] 

bowdeni,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn., 
Nashville  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

boydi,  Hall,  18  43,  (Loxonema  boydi) 
Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Guelph  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

boylii,  Nicholson,  1875,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  31,  Guelph  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

carinifera,  Shumard,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Calciferous  Gr.  [Sig.  keel- 
bearing.] 

cassandra,  Billings,.  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

catherina,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

cicelia,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Quebec  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

conoidea,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Medina  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  conical.] 

conradi,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

desiderata,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep., 
Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  desired.] 

egregia,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  excellent.] 

elegantula,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 
vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.   [Sig.  quite  elegant.] 

estella,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.  vol.  1, 
Guelph  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

extenuata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.   [Sig.  thinned-out.] 

funata,  Billings,  1866r  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  corded.] 

gigantea,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Mid.  Sil.     [Sig.  unusually  large.] 

gracilis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  slen- 
der.]    , 

gypsea,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Car- 
boniferous.    [Sig.  gvpsum.] 

hebe,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
Devonian.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 


GASTEROPODA. 


153 


helicteres,  Salter,  1859,  Can.  Org.   Rem., 

Decade  1,  Black  Riv.  and  Trenton  Or. 

[Sig.  a  round,  smooth  spire.] 

hercynia,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Guelph    Gr.      [Ety.    proper    name.] 

The  name  was  preoccupied  by  Roemer 
in  1843. 
hermione,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,   Chazy  or  Black   Riv.   Gr.      [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
hyale,   Billings,   1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Chazy  or  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.  ] 
infrequens,   Billings,  1859,   Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  rare.] 
inornata,   Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  not 

adorned.] 
insculpta,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.    Inst., 

vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  engraved.] 
Jessica,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
kansasensis,  Swallow,   1858,    Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
laphami,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Wis., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
leda,  Hall,  1861,  14th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y 

Up.    Held.   Gr.       [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
limitaris,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  limited.] 
linearis,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  4,  Calciferous  Gr.      [Sig.  marked 

with  lines.] 
logani,   Hall,   1852,  Pal.   N.    Y.,   vol.   2, 

Guelph  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
longispira,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Guelph  Gr.     [Sig.  long-spired.] 
macrospira,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Guelph  Gr.  [Sig.  large  or  long-spired.] 
maia,   Hall,   1861,   14th   Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
major,  Hall,  1851,  Geo.  Lake  Sup.  Land 

Dist.,vol.  2,  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig.  the 

greater.] 
melaniiformis,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep. 

Mo.,  Calciferous    Gr.      [Ety.  formed 

like  the  Melania,  a  genus  of  shells.] 
minima,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Middle  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

minute,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 

missisquoi,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

modesta,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  not  large.] 

mucro,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  a  sharp 
point.] 

multivolvis,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  many  rolled.] 

mylitta,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Guelph  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

nebrascensis,  Geinitz,  1866,  Carb.  und 
Dyas  in  Neb.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 


neglecta,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  neglected.] 
obtusa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Cor- 
alline limestone.     [Sig.  obtuse.] 
ozarkensis,    Shumard,    1863,    Trans.   St. 

Louis    Acad.    Sci.,     Calciferous    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
papillosa,  Billings,   1857,    Rep.  of  Progr., 

Mid.  Sil.  [Sig.  covered  with  tubercles.] 
perangulata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.Y.,vol.  1, 

Black   Riv.  and    Trenton    Gr.     [Sig. 

very  angular.] 
perversa,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Ixmis 

Acad.    Sci.,    Up.   Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

turned  around.] 
petilla,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.     [Sig.  thin,  slender.] 
placida,  Billings,  1865,   Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  placid,  smooth.] 
procris,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.       [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
quadricincta,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  four- 
girded.] 
rugosa,    Billings,    1857,   Rep.  of    Progr., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  wrinkled.] 
serrulata,  Salter,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  1,  Black  Riv.  and  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  minutely-serrated.] 
shumardana,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
simulatrix,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  an  imitator.] 
sororcula,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  sister.] 
mbfusiformis,  see  Fusispira  subfusiformis. 
mbtseniata,  see  Orthonema  subtseniatum. 
subulata,  Conrad,  1842,  (Loxonema  subu- 

lata)   Jour.  Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,  vol.   8, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  awl-shaped.] 
sumnerensis,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn., 

Nashville  Gr.     [Ety.    proper  name.] 
sylvia,  Billings,   1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
terebrans,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Coralline    limestone.       [Sig.  like  an 

auger.] 
terebriformis,  Hall,    1858,    Trans.    Alb. 

Inst.,  vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  in  the 

form  of  an  auger  or  borer.] 
teretiformis,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  of  a  long,  round 

shape.] 
( texana,  Shumard,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
tricarinata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  three-keeled.] 
tricingulata,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 

Carboniferous.      [Sig.  three-banded.] 
turricula,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Mid.  Sil.    [Sig.  a  little  tower.] 
turricula,  Hall,  1862,   15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.      This  name  was  pre- 
occupied. 


154 


GASTEROPODA. 


turritella,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.   4,   Warsaw  Gr.       [Sig.  a  little 

tower.] 
turritiformis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2,  Guelph  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  tower.] 
uniangulata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  &  Hud.   Riv.   Gr.     [Sig. 

having  one  angular  line.] 
uniangulata  var.  abbreviata,  Hall,  1847, 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig. 

comparatively  shortened.] 
varians,  Billings,    1857,   Rep.   of  Progr., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  variable.] 
varicosa,   Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Birdseve  Gr.     [Sig.  varicose.] 
ventricosa,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  ven- 

tricose.] 
vermicula,  Hall,   1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.   4,   Warsaw    Gr.      [Sig.    worm- 
shaped.] 
vesta,  Billings,   1862,  Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Calciferous  Gr.      [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
vitellia,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Guelph  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
vittala,  see  Fusispira  vittata. 
Xanthippe,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Guelph  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Natica,   Adanson,   1757,  Histoire  Naturelle 

du  Senegal,  etc.      [Ety.  nato,  to  swim 

with  a  fluctuating  motion.]  This  genus 

is  unknown  in  Palaeozoic  rocks. 
altonensis,  see  Naticopsis  altonensis. 
carleyana,  see  Naticopsis  carleyana. 
chesterensis,  see  Naticopsis  chesterensis. 
littonana,  see  Naticopsis  littonana. 
magister,  syn.  for  Naticopsis  ventricosa. 
shumardi,  see  Naticopsis  shumardi. 
ventricosa,  see  Naticopsis  ventricosa. 
Naticopsis,  McCoy,  1844,  Synop.Carb.  Foss., 

Ireland.      [Ety.  from  resemblance  to 

the  genus  Natica.~\ 
aequistriata.  Meek,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1,  Cornif.   Gr.      [Sig.    having    equal 

striae.] 
altonensis,    McChesney,     1865,     (Natica 

altonensis)  Desc.  New  Pal.  Foss.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
carleyana,  Hall,  1858,  (Natica  carleyana) 

Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
chesterensis,   Swallow,   1863,   Trans.   St. 
,     Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
cretaeea,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig.  chalk-like.] 
depressa,  Winchell,   1863,    Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,   Chemung    Gr.      [Sig.  de- 
pressed.] 
dispassa,    Dawson,    1868,    Acad.    Geol., 

Carbonif.     [Sig.  much  spread  out.] 
gigantea,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,   Chemung  Gr.       [Sig.    unusually 

large.] 
hollidayi,  see  Trachydomia  hollidayi. 
howi,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Carboni- 
ferous.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 


humilis,  Meek,  1871,  (Isonema  humilis) 

Proc.    Acad.   Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,   Cornif. 

Gr.     [Sig.  small,  dwarfish.] 
lsevis,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig.  smooth.] 
littonana,  Hall,    1858,  (Natica  littonana) 

Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
magvder,  syn.  for  N.  ventricosa. 
nana,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,    (Platys- 

toma  nana)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  dwarfish.] 
nodosa,  see  Trachydomia  nodosa, 
pricei,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,   Up.   Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
remex,  White,   1876,  Geo.  Uinta  Moun- 
tains, Low.  Aubrey  Gr.  [Sig.  a  rower.] 
shumardi,    McChesney,     1860,     (Natica 

shumardi)  Desc.  New  Pal.  Foss.,  Coal 

Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
subovata,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.   5,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  somewhat 

ovate.] 
ventricosa,    Norwood    &  Pratten,    1855, 

(Natica  ventricosa)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ventricose.] 
wheeleri,    Swallow,    1860,    (Littorina 

wheeleri)  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Omphalotrochus,  Meek,  1864,  Geo.  California. 

A  name  proposed  as  a  subgenus  of 

Euomplialus  or  Straparollus. 
Ophileta,  Yanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y. 

[Ety.  ophis,  a  snake.] 
abdita,  Billings,  1865,   Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  concealed.] 
(?)  bella,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
compacta,  Salter,  1859,  Can.  Org.   Rem., 

Decade  1,  Calciferous  Gr.      [Sig.  com- 
pact.] 
complanata,  Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Calciferous  Gr.  [Sig.  smoothed.] 
disjuncta,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Calciferous  Gr.     [Sig.  disjoined.] 
levata,  Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Calciferous    Gr.      [Sig.    polished, 

smoothed.] 
nerine,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
ottawaensis,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geol.,  vol.  5,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  my- 
thological name.] 
owenana,   Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.   3,  Galena  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.  ] 
profunda,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  deep.] 
sordida,  Hall,  1847,    (Maclurea  sordida) 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Calciferous  Gr.  [Sig. 

paltry.] 
uniangulata,  Hall,  1847, (Euomphalus  uni- 

angulatus)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Calcifer. 

Gr.     [Sig.  one  angled ;  from  the  angu- 
lar line  on  one  whorl.] 


GASTEROPODA. 


155 


Orthonema,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1801,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.  [Ety.  orthos, 
straight;   nema,  a  thread.] 

conicum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
a  cone.] 

newberryi,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

salteri,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Eunema  (?) 
salteri)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil., 
Low.  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

subtamiatum,  Geinitz,  1866,  (Murchisonia 
subtseniata)  Carb.  und  Dyas  in  Neb., 
Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  somewhat  banded.] 
Orthanychia,  Hall,  1843,  syn.  for  Platyceras. 
Orthostoma,  Conrad,  1838,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 
Y.  [Ety.  orthos ,  straight ;  stoma, 
mouth.] 

commune,  Conrad,  1838,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  figured  in  1841,  Birdseye  Gr.  [Sig. 
common.] 
Pal,eacm;ea,  Hall,  1873,  23d  Reg.  Rep.N.  Y. 
[Ety.  palaios,  ancient ;  Acmxa,  an  ex- 
isting genus  of  shells.] 

typica,  Hall,  1873,  23d  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety.  type  of  the  genus.] 
Phanerotixus,  Sowerby,  1842,  Min.  Conch. 
[Ety.    phaneros,    aperture ;     teino,  ex- 
tended.] 

paradoxus,  Winchell,   1863,   Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  para- 
doxical.] 
Phragmolites,  syn.  for  Cyrtolites. 

compressus,  see  Cyrtolites  compressus. 
Phragmostoma,  Hall,  1861,  14th  Reg.  Rep. 
[Ety.  phragmos,  a  partition,  stoma,  the 
mouth  ;  from  the  septum  within   the 
aperture.] 

cumulus,  Hall,  1861, 14th  Reg.  Rep.,Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  heap.] 

cymbula,  Hall,  1861, 14th  Reg.  Rep.,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  a  small  boat.] 

natator,  Hall,  1862,  loth  Reg.  Rep.,  Por- 
tage and  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  a  swimmer.] 
The  same  species  Hall  identified  with 
Bellerophon  expansus  of  Sowerby,  in 
1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y. 
Pileopsis  tubifer,  syn.  for  Platyceras  dumosum. 

vetustus,  Sowerby.    Not  American. 
Planorbis,  Guettard,   1756,   Mem.  Acad.  Sc. 
Paris. 

trilobatus,  see  Bucania  trilobatus. 
Platyceras,  Conrad,  1840,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y. 
[Ety.  plati/s,  broad ;  keras,  horn.] 

agreste,  Hali,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  pertaining  to 
the  fields,  coarse.] 

ammon,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 
Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

angulatum,  Hall,  1852,  (Acroculia  angu- 
lata)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Clinton  and 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  angulated.] 

arcuatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  bent.] 

argo,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 
Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 


attenuatum,  Hall,    1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  attenuated.] 
attenuatum.  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Cornif.  Gr.     This  name  was 

preoccupied.] 
auriculatum,  Hall,  1876,  Ulust.  Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  eared.] 
billingsi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
biserialis,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Iowa, 

vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  hav- 
ing two  rows.] 
bisinuatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  double-sin- 

uated.] 
bisulcatum,   Hall,  1859,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,    Low.    Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  double- 
furrowed.] 
bucculentum,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  large  mouthed.] 
calantica,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  covering 

for  the  head.] 
callosum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y;,  vol.  3, 

Oriskany  sandstone.      [Sig.  having  a 

thick  skin.] 
campanulatum,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865, 

Mem.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,   Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  bell-shaped.] 
capulus,   Hall,   1860,    Supp.   Geo.   Iowa, 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  a  coffin.] 
carinatum,   Hall,  1862,   15th  Reg.  Rep., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  keeled.] 
cirriformis,  Conrad,   1841,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 

Y.     Not  clearlv  defined, 
clavatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  club-like.] 
concavum,  Hall,  1862,   15th   Reg.  Rep., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  concave.] 
conicum,  Hall,  1862, 15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  conical.] 
corniforme,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  in  the 

form  of  a  horn.] 
crassum,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  thick.] 
curvirostrum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  bent-beaked.] 
cymbium,   Hall,   1862,   15th   Reg.   Rep., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  small  drinking 

vessel.] 
cyrtolites,  McChesney,   1859,  Pal.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  curved  stone.] 
dentalium,   Hall,   1862,  15th  Reg.   Rep., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  plough  share.] 
dilatatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  dilated.] 
dumosum,   Conrad,   1S40,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  bushy.] 
dumosum  far.  rarispinum,  Hall, 1862, 15th 

Reg.  Rep.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  few 

spined.] 
echinatum,   Hall,  1862,  15th   Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  set  with  spines.] 
elongatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  lengthened.] 


156 


GASTEROPODA. 


equilateralis,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  vol.  1, 

pt.  2,  Iowa  Rep.,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

equal-sided.] 
erectum,  Hall,   1843,   (Acroculia  erecta) 

Geo.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Cornif.  &  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  erect,  straight.] 
expanms,  see  Strophostvlus  expansus. 
fissurella,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Rep. 

Iowa,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig. 

a  little  cleft.] 
fornicatuin,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  arched.] 
fornicatum  var.  contractum,  Hall,  1876, 

Illust.  Devonian  Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 

[Sig.  contracted.] 
gebhardi,  Conrad,  1840,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Low.  Held,  and  Oriskany  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name..] 
gibbosum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  gibbous.] 
haliotoides,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  like  the  Haliotus  or  ear-shell.] 
incile,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  having  gutters.] 
infundibulum,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1866, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk 

Gr.    [Sig.  a  funnel.] 
intermedium,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  .  [Sig.  intermediate 

in  size.] 
lamellosum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  with  many 

plates.] 
lodiense,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.   Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Waverly  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
magnificum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,   Oriskany  sandstone.      [Sig.   mag- 
nificent.] 
multisinuatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.   Y., 

vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  having 

many  depressions.] 
multispinosum,  Meek,  1871,  Pn:c.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig.  hav- 
ing many  spines.] 
nebrascense,   Meek,   1872,  Pal.  E.  Neb., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
newberryi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
niagarense,   Hall,  1852,  (Acroculia  niag- 

arensis)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
nodosum,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Oriskany  sandstone.     [Sig.  knobbed.] 
obesum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  plump  in  form.] 
ovale,  Stevens,   1858,  (Acroculia   ovalis) 

Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  25,  Carboniferous. 

[Sig.  oval.] 
patulum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  spread  out.] 
pentalobus,    Hall,   1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  five-lobed.] 
perlatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  wide.] 
perplexum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  obscure.] 


perplicatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  very  much 
plicated.] 

pileiforme,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  cap-shaped.] 

platystoma,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  broad-mouthed.] 

platystoma  var.  alveatum,  Hall,  1859, 
Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig. 
channeled.] 

plicatile,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  in  small  folds.] 

plicatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  folded.] 

primsevum,  Billings,  1871,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geol.,  vol.  6,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  first- 
born.] 

primordiale,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep., 
Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  the  first  of  all.] 

pyramidatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  pyramid- 
formed.] 

quincyense,  McChesney,  1861,  New  Pal. 
Foss.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

reflexum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  turned 
back.] 

retrorsum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  turned  back- 
ward.] 

retrorsum  var.  abnorme,  Hall,  1859,  Pal. 
N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig. 
out  of  the  usual  order  or  form.] 

reversum,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Geo.  Rep. 
Iowa,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  turned  or  bent  back.]. 

rictum,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 
&  Up.  Held.  Gr.   [Sig.  open-mouthed.] 

robustum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  robust.] 

senex,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865,  (Porcel- 
lia  senex)  Mem.  Bost.'Soe.  Nat.  Hist., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  old,  wrinkled.] 

sinuatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  marked  with 
depressions.] 

spinigerum,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  5,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  spine- 
bearing.] 

spirale,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  spiral.] 

subnodosum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  some- 
what knotty,  or  marked  with  short 
projections.] 

subplicatum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Kinder- 
hook  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  folded.] 

subrectum,  Hall,  1859,  12th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat 
straight.] 

mbrectum,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  Iowa  Rep. 
The  name  being  preoccupied,  Meek  & 
Worthen  proposed  P.  infundibulum. 

subundatum,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Rep. 
N.  Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat 
waved.] 


GASTEEOPODA. 


157 


ettbundatum,  Meek  &  Worthen.  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    The 

name  was  preoccupied, 
sulcatum,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Rep.  N,  Y., 

Oriskanv  sandstone.     [Sig.  furrowed.] 
sulcoplicatiim,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  thrown  up  in 

plications.] 
svmmetricum,  Hall,  1862, 15th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.   &  Up.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  sym- 
metrical.] 
tenuiliratum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,   Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  fine-lined.] 
thetis,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
thetis  var.  subspinosum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust. 

Devonian    Foss.,    Ham.    Gr.       [Sig. 

somewhat  spinv.] 
tortum,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  twisted.] 
tortuosum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Oriskanv  sandstone.    [Sig.  very  much 

twisted.] 
trigonale,  Stevens,  1858,    (Acroculia  tri- 

gonalis)  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts,  vol. 

25,  Carboniferous.      [Sig.  triangular.] 
trilobatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  three-lobed.] 
tubajforme,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  trumpet-shaped.] 
uncum,   Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,   Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,   Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

crooked,  hooked.] 
undatum,   Hall,   1876,   Illust.    Devonian 

Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 
uudulostriatum,   Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  having 

waved  stria?.] 
unguiforme,   Hall,   1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.   [Sig.  claw-shaped.] 
uniseriale,  Nicholson,  1874,  Rep.  Pal.Ont., 

Devonian.      [Sig.  having  a  single  row 

or  series.] 
unisulcatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  one-furrowed.] 
ventricosum,  Conrad,  1840,  Ann.  Rep.  X. 

Y.,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  bulging  out.] 
vomerium,  Winchell,    1863,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  a  plow 

share.] 
Platystoma,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,    vol.    8.       [Ety.    platys,    broad ; 

stoma,  mouth.] 
affine,  Billings,    1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Devonian.     [Sig.  related  to.] 
aplata,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Schoharie  grit.      [Sig.  without  lines.] 
arenosum,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat 

Sci.,   vol.   8,   Low.   Held.   Gr.      [Sig. 

sandy.] 
defiguratum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  disfigured.] 
depressum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  depressed.] 
euomphaloides,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devo- 
nian  Foss.,    Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  like  a 

shell  of  the  genus  Euomphalus.] 


hemisphericum,  Hall,  1843,  (Euomphalus 

hemispherica)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N. 

Y.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  hemispherical.] 
lichas,  see  Isonema  lichas. 
lineatum,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig.  lined.] 
lineatum,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.     The 

name  was  preoccupied, 
lineatum  var.  amplum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust. 

Devonian  Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  full, 

large.] 
lineatum  var.  callosum,  Hall,  I876^111ust. 

Devonian  Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  thick, 

hard.] 
lineatum  car.  sinuosum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust. 

Devonian  Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  wavy, 

sinuous.] 
nana,  see  Naticopsis  nana, 
niagarense, .  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
peoriense,  McChesnev,  1860,  Desc.  New 

Pal.  Foss.,   Up.   Coal    Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
plebeium,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  common.] 
pleurotoma,  Hall,  1876,  Illust,  Devonian 

Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  from  the 

genus  Pleurotoma.'] 
strophium,   Hall,   1862,    15th  Reg.    Rep., 

Cornif.  Gr.  [Sig.  twisted  or  turned.] 
subangulatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,   Low.   Held.   Gr.      [Sig.  somewhat 

angular.] 
trigonostoma,   Meek,   1871,   Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  triangu- 
lar-mouthed.] 
tumida,  see  Pleurotomaria  tumida. 
turbinatum,  Hall,  1861,  14th  Reg.  Rep., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  cone-shaped.] 
turbinatum  var.  cochleatum,  Hall,  1876, 

Illust.  Devonian  Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 

[Sig.  spiral-formed.] 
unisulcatum,  Conrad,  1842,  (Pleurotomaria 

unisulcata)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol. 

8,   Up.   Held   Gr.      [Sig.  having  one 

depression.] 
ventricosum,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig. 

ventricose.] 
Platyschisma,  McCoy,  1844,Syn.Carb.  Foss., 

Ireland.      [Ety.  platys,  wide  ;  schisma, 

a  slit.] 
dubium,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Car- 
boniferous.    [Sig.  doubtful.] 
helicoides,  (?)  Sowerby,  1829,  (Ampularia 

helicoides)    Min.  Conch.,  vol.   8,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  resembling  a  shell  of  the 

genus  Helix.] 
Plectostylus,  Conrad,   1842,   Syn.  for  Macro- 

cheilus. 
hildrethi,  see  Macrocheilus  hildrethi. 
Plfarotomaria,  Def ranee,   1826,  Diet.   Sci. 

Nat.,  41.     [Ety.  Pleura,  side ;  tome,  cut 

or  notch.] 
abrupta,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Calciferous  Gr.    [Sig.  terminat- 
ing suddenly.] 


158 


GASTEROPODA. 


advena,  Winchell,  1864,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  & 

Arts,  2d  series,  vol.  37.      Potsdam  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  stranger.] 
agarista,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
agave,   Billings,   1865,   Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton     Gr.       [Ety.     mythological 

name.] 
ambigua,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  doubtful.] 
americana,    Billings,   1860,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  5,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
amphitrite,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Chazy  or    Black    Riv.   Gr.     [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
angulata,  Conrad,  1843,  Proc.   Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.   This  name  was  preoccupied 

by  Sowerby. 
antiquata,  Hall,    1847,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Chazy  Gr.  [Sig.  antiquated.] 
aperta,  see  Raphistoma  apertum. 
apicalis,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  apical.] 
arabella,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Calciferous  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
arachne,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
arata,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie grit.     [Sig.  furrowed.] 
axion,  Hall,  1867,20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara 

Gr.    [Sig.  furrowed.] 
beckwithana,    McChesney,    1860,    Desc. 

New  Pal.  Foss.,    Coal    Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
biangulata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  double-angled,  from 

the  two  angular  elevations  on  each 

whorl.] 
bicarinata,  McChesney,  1860.    This  name 

was  preoccupied  and  the  species  is 

now  called  P.  turbiniformis. 
Mix,  see  Cyclonema  bilix. 
bispiralis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Guelph  Gr.     [Sig.  two-whorled.] 
bonharborensis,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky., 

vol.    3,    Coal    Meas.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
brazoensis,    Shumard,    1860,  Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
calcifera,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

Calciferous  Gr.    [Ety.  from  the  Cal- 
ciferous Group.] 
calphurnia,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.      [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
calyx,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  a  cup.] 
canadensis,    Billings,    1865,   Pal.    Foss., 

vol.  1,  Calciferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
capillaria,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  pertain- 
ing to  hair.] 


carbonaria,   Norwood  &    Pratten,    1855, 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2d  series,  vol.  3, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  pertaining  to  coal.] 
casii,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  3,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
cavumbilicata,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 

Peninsula    Mich.,   Ham.   Gr.       [Sig. 

having  a  hollow  umbilicus.] 
chesterensis,    Meek    &    Worthen,    1860, 

Proc.   Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,    Chester   Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.]  • 
cliesterensis,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,   Chester  Gr.     The  name 

was  preoccupied, 
circe,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr.,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
concava.  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  Warsaw  Gr.     The  name  was  pre- 
occupied by  Deshayes  in  1824-'36. 
conoides,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1866,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,   Coal   Meas.       The 

name  was  preoccupied  by  Deshayes 

in  1831. 
conulus,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  cone.] 
coronula,  syn.  for  P.  sphaerulata.] 
coxana,  Meek  &   Worthen,   1866,  Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.    Sci.,   Coal   Meas.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
crevieri,  Billings,  1859.  Can.  Nat.  &Geol., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
cryptata,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss., 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.    [Sig.  concealed.] 
cyclonemoides,   Meek  &  Worthen,  1868, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Niagara  Gr.   [Sig. 

like  a  Cyclonema.] 
deiopea,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Guelph    Gr.       [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
delia,   Billings,  1874,   Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Devonian.   [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
delicatula,  Hall,  1876,   Illust.   Devonian 

Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  deli-    • 

cate.] 
delphinuloides,  Goldfuss,  as  identified  by 

d'Archiac  &  Verneuil.  Not  American, 
depauperata,  Hall,  1862,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Sig.  impoverished.] 
depressa,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3, 

Coal  Meas.     The  name  was  preoccu- 
pied by  Passy  in  1832,  by  Phillips  in 

1836,  and  by  Koninck  in  1841. 
disjuncta,   Hall,   1876,   Illust.   Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  disjoined.] 
dispersa,    Dawson,    1868,    Acad.    Geol., 

Carboniferous.     [Sig.  dispersed.] 
docens,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  teaching.] 
doris,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie &  Cornif.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 
tlryope,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss,  vol.  1, 

Black  Riv.   Gr.      [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
ella,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss.,    . 

Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 


GASTEROPODA. 


159 


elora,   Billings,    1862,  Pal.  Foss.,   vol.  1, 

Guelph  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
emrnetensis,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 

Peninsula  Mich.,   Ham.    Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
estella,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
etna,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.   Foss.,   vol.    1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
eugenia,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.      [Etv.  proper  name.] 
euomphaloides,  Hall,  186*2, 15th  Reg.Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  like  an  Euomphalus.'] 
exigua,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.    [Sig.  small, scanty.] 
fllitexta,    Hall,    1876,    Illust.    Devonian 

Foss.,   Ham.    Gr.      [Sig.   woven   like 

threads.] 
galtensis,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Guelph  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
glandula,  Shumard,  1860,  Trans.  St.Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  a  little 

kernel.] 
gonopleura,    Winchell   &   Marcy,    1865, 

Bost.Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 

having  an  angular  rib.] 
granulostriata,  Meek  &  Worthen,    1860, 

Proc.    Acad.    Nat.   Sci.,    Coal   Meas. 

[Sig.  granular  and  striated.] 
grayvillensis,  Norwood  &  Pratten,  1855, 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  2nd  series,  vol. 

3,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gregaria,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Calciferous  Gr.    [Sig.  occurring 

in  masses.]   , 
halei.  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.Wis.Sur., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hallana,  Shumard,  1859,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
halli,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
harpya,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
haydenana,    Geinitz,     1866,    Carb.    und 

Dyas    in    Neb.,    Coal    Meas.      [Ety. 
0      proper  name.] 
hebe,  Hall,  1861,  14th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Up.    Held.    Gr.      [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
helena,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
hickmanensis,  Winchell,  Geo.  of  Tenn., 

Low.  Carb.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hortensia,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hoyi,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Wis.  Sur., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
humerosa,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1858,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig. 

humped.] 
humilis,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 
humilis,  Winchell,  1862.     This  name  was 

preoccupied. 


huronensis,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,  Portage  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
hyale,  Billings,  1865,   Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ida,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Wis.  Sur., 

Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.mythological  name.  ] 
ignobilis,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Car- 
boniferous.   [Sig.  ignoble.] 
imitator,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  resembler.] 
immatura,   Billings,   1859,   Can.   Nat.   & 

Geo.,  vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  imma- 
ture.] 
indenta,  Hall,  1847?  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  notched.] 
inexspectans,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  18  75, 

Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  1,  Clinton   Gr.    [Sig. 

not  expected.] 
inornata,  Meek,  1872,  Pal.  E.  Neb.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  not  adorned.] 
insolita,   Hall,   1876,   Illust.   Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  rare.] 
isaacsi,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.,  Che- 
mung Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
itys,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
kearneyi,  Hall,  1861,  12th  Reg.  Rep.,  Up, 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
labrosa,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held  Gr.     [Sig.  having  lips.] 
lapicida,  see  Raphistoma  lapicidum. 
laurentina,  Billings,  1859,Can.  Nat.  &Geo., 

vol.  4,  Calcif.  Gr.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
leavenworthana,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb. 

Inst.,    vol.    4,    Warsaw    Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
lenticularis,  see  Raphistoma  lenticulare. 
lineata,  Hall,  1843,  (Turbo  lineatus)  Geo. 

Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.     This  name  was 

preoccupied,  and  the    fossil   is  now 

called  P.  itys. 
litorea,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Me- 
dina sandstone.      [Sig.  on  the  shore.] 
lucina,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Cornif. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lucina  var.  perfasciata,  Hall,  1876,  Illust. 

Devonian    Foss.,    Ham.    Gr.        [Sig. 

much  banded.] 
lydia,  Billings,   1874,  Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
marcouana,     Geinitz,    1866.    Carb.    und 

Dyas  in    Neb.,   Coal    Meas.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
meekana,   Hall,  1858,  Trans.   Alb.  Inst., 

vol.    4,   Warsaw    Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
micula,  Hall,  1862,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
miser,  Billings,  1859,  Can.   Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Calcif.  Gr.     [Sig.  paltry.] 
missisquoi,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
missouriensis,   Swallow,    1860,    (Trochus 

missouriensis)  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
mitigata,  Hall,  1860, 13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.    [Sig.  lessened.] 


160 


GASTEROPODA. 


inuralis,   Owen,    1852,   Geo.    Sur.   Wis., 

Iowa  &  Minn.,  Calciferous  Gr.     [Sig. 

mural.] 
nasoni,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
niota,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Trenton 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
nodomarginata,  McChesney,   1860,  Desc. 

New  Pal.  Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  hav- 
ing a  nodose  margin.] 
nodulosa,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 

The  name  was  preoccupied  by  Sand- 

berger  in  1842,  and  by  King  in  1844. 
nodulostriata, Hall,  1848,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.   4,   Warsaw  Gr.      [Sig.  nodulose 

and  striated.] 
normani,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
nucleolata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Birdseye  Gr.       [Sig.  like  a  little  nut.] 
numeria,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
obsoleta,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Birdseye  Gr.    [Sig.  obsolete.] 
obtusispira,    Shumard,   1859,   Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

having  a  blunt  spire.] 
occidens,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  western.] 
parvispira,   Winchell,   1862,    Rep.   Low. 

Peninsula    Mich.,    Ham.    Gr.      [Sig. 

having  a  small  spire.] 
pauper,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  poor.] 
pauper.  Hall,  1865,  20th  Reg.  Rep.    The 

name  was  preoccupied. 
percarinata,  see  Cyclonema  percarinatum 
perhumerosa,  Meek,  1872,  Pal.  E.  Neb., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  very  humid.] 
perlata,   Hall,   1852,   Pal.  N.   Y.,  vol.  2, 

Guelph  Gr.     [Sig.  very  wide.] 
perornata,   Shumard,   1859,   Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

highly  ornamented.] 
pervetusta,  Conrad,  18  38,  (Cyclostoma 

pervetusta)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Medina 

sandstone.     [Sig.  very  ancient.] 
piasaensis,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.   4,   Warsaw   Gr.       [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
planidorsalis,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  plane-backed.] 
plena,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  full,  large.] 
postumia,  Billings,  1862,   Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
poulsoni,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Onondaga  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
pratteni,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,   Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,    Low.   Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  pi-oper  name.] 
princessa,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  princess.] 
progne,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  5,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.   [Ety. 
mythological  name.] 


proutana,  Shumard,  1859,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
quadricostata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.  vol. 

1,  Birdseye  Gr.     [Sig.  four-ribbed.] 
quebecensis,   Billings,    1865,   Pal.    Foss., 

vol.  1,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
quinquesulcata,   Winchell,   1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig. 

five-furrowed.] 
ramsayi,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  4,  Calciferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
regulata,  Hall,  1860, 13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  regular.] 
riddlei,  Shumard,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
rota,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  a  wheel.] 
rotalia,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  wheeled.] 
rotuloides,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Black  Riv.  and  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  like 

a  little  wheel.] 
rotunda,  Hall,  1843,  (Euomphalus  (?)  ro- 

tundus)   Geo.  Rep.   4th   Dist.   N.  Y., 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  rounded.] 
rotundata,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.    Alb.    Inst., 

vol.  4,  Warsaw   Gr.    This  name  was 

preoccupied  by  Munster. 
rotundispira,   Billings,    1865,  Pal.   Foss., 

vol.   1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.    having    a 

round  spire.] 
scitula,    Meek  &  Worthen,    1860,    Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,    Low.     Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  pretty,  neat.] 
selecta,  Billings,   1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.   -[Sig.  choice,  select.] 
semele,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.       [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
shumardi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,   Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.   Sci.    Phil.,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
sigaretoides,  Winchell    &    Marcy,  1865, 

Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist,   vol.  1,  Niagara 

Gr.    [Sig.  like   a  shell  of   the  genus 

Sigaretus.  ] 
sinistrorsa,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.   turned 

to  the  left.] 
solarioides,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Guelph  Gr.      [Sig.  like  a  shell  of  the 

genus  Solarium.] 
speciosa,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Low.  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  beautiful.] 
sphserulata,   Conrad,  1842,  Jour.    Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

a  widened  sphere.] 
spironema,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

spiral-lined.] 
sponsa,  Billings,    1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  betrothed.] 
stella,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.    [Sig.  a  star.] 


GASTEROPODA. 


161 


subangulata,  Hall,  1858, Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 
vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat 
angular.] 

subconica,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Black  Riv.,  Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  somewhat  conical.] 

subconstricta,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Low.  Coal 
Meas.    [Sig.  somewhat  constricted.] 

subdecussata,  Geinitz,  1866,  Carb.  und 
Dyas  in  Neb.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  some- 
what arranged  in  pairs  that  ci'oss  each 
other.] 

subdepressa,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  2, 
Coralline  limestone.     [Sig.  somewhat 


g 


subscalaris,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Low.  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  somewhat  ladder-shaped.] 
subsinuata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

somewhat  sinuated.] 
subtilistriata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig.  finely  shaped.] 
subturbinata,    Meek    &    Hayden,    1872, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  somewhat  top-shaped.] 
sulcomarginata,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  hav- 
ing the  margin  deeply  furrowed.] 
supracingulata,    Billings",    1857,   Rep.    of 

Progr.,  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig.  encircled 

with  lines  on  the  upper  part.] 
swallovana,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4, Warsaw  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
sybillina,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foes. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
tabulata,  Conrad,  1835,  (Turbo  tabulata) 

Trans.   Geo.  Soc.  Penn.,  vol.  1,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  tabulated.] 
tectoria,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  rough  cast.] 
tenuicincta,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.    Sci.,   Coal   Meas.      [Sig. 

finely  girded.] 
tenuistriata,  Shumard,   1860,   Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

finely  striated.] 
textiligera,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Waverly  Gr.   [Sig.  web-bearing.] 
thalia,  Billings,"  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr.,  Mid. 

Sil.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
trilineata,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.   [Sig.  three-lined.] 
trilix,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  three-lined.] 
trochiformis,  Swallow,  1863,Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Chester  Gr.     [Sig.  like  the 

Trochus,  or  wheel-shell.]     The  name 

was  preoccupied  by  Portlock  in  1843. 
tropidophora,  Meek,  1872,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

&  Arts,  3rd  series,  vol.  4,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Sig.  keel-bearing.] 
tumida,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,    (Platy- 

stoma  tumida)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  tumid.]    The  name 

was  preoccupied  by  Phillips  in  1836. 


turbiniformis,   Meek  &  Worthen,    I860, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

top-shaped.] 
turgida,  Hall,  1847,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.   1, 

Calciferous  Gr.    [Sig.  swollen.] 
umbilicata,  see  Trochonema  umbilicatum. 
unimkata,  see  Platvceras  unisulcatum. 
vadosa,  Hall,  1860, "l3th  Reg.  Rep.,  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  shallow.] 
vagans,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  dispersed.] 
Valeria,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Guelph  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
valvatiformis,    Meek   &  Worthen,  1866, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  like  the  genus  ValvataJ] 
viola,  Billings,   1865,   Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Guelph  Gr.    [Sig.  a  violet.] 
virgo,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  a  virgin.] 
virguncula,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  maid.] 
vitruvia,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.       [Ety.  proper  name.] 
voltumna,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Devonian.       [Ety.     mythological 
name.] 

whitii,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
wortheni,  Hall,  1856,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.   4,  Warsaw    Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
Polyphemopsis,  Portlock,  1843,  Geol.   Lon- 
donderry.    [Ety.  Polyphe>7ius,  a  genus 

of  shells;  opsis,  appearance.] 
bulimiformis,  Hall,  1858,  (Bulimella  buli- 

miformis)   Trans.   Alb.   Inst.,  vol.  4, 

Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  Bulimus.] 
canaliculata,  Hall,  1858,  (Bulimella  canal- 

iculata)  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  War- 
saw Gr.     [Sig.  channeled  or  grooved.] 
chrysalis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig. 

chrysalis.] 
ehngata,  Hall,  1858,  (Bulimella  elongata) 

Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr. 

[Sig.   lengthened.]       The  name  was 

preoccupied  by  Portlock  in  1843. 
inornata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Lox- 

onema  inornata)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil.,   Up.  Coal  Meas.       [Sig.   not 

adorned.] 
louisvillffi,  Hall,   1872,   24th  Reg.   Rep., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
nitidula,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Lox- 

onema  nitidula)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil,  Up.  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.   quite 

neat.] 
peracuta,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Euli- 

ma  (?)  peracuta)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil.,  Up.   Coal  Meas.        [Sig.  very 

sharp-pointed.] 
Poecellia,  Leveille,  1835,  Mem.  Soc.  Geol. 

France.     [Etv.  porcellus,  a  little  pig.] 
hertzeri,  Hall,   1876,  Illust.   Devonian 

Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 


162 


GASTEROPODA. 


nais,   Hall,   1862,  (Gyroceras  nais)  15th 

Reg.  Rep.  N,  Y.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 

nodosa,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  vol.  1,  pt.  2, 

Iowa  Geo.  Sur.,  Kinderhook  Gr.    [Sig. 

knotty.] 
obliquinoda,   White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Chemung  Gr. 

[Sig.  oblique-knotted.] 
rectinoda,  Winchell,  1863,   Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.    [Sig.  straight- 

noded.] 
(?)  rotatoria,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  whorled.] 
sciota,  Hall,  1873,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
senex,  see  Platyceras  senex. 
Pupa,  Humphrey,  1797,  Museum   Calonni- 

anum.     [Ety.  Pupa,  chrysalis  shell.] 
vermilionensis,  Bradley,  4872,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  3rd  series,   vol.   4,    Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
vetusta,  Dawson,  I860,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo 

Soc,  vol.  16,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  ancient.] 
Raphistoma~  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  1 

[Ety.   raplie,  seam   or  suture ;   stoma 

mouth.] 
apertum,  Salter,  1859,  Can. Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 1,   Black    Riv.  &  Trenton    Gr. 

[Sig.  open.] 
labiatum,  Emmons,  1842,  (Maclurea  labi- 

ata)  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Calciferous  Gr. 

[Sig.  having  lips.] 
lapicida,   Salter,   1859,  Can.   Org.  Rem., 

Decade  1,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr. 

[Ety.    from  its  resemblance  to  Helix 

lapicida."] 
lenticulare,    Emmons,  1842,  (Pleuroto 

maria  lenticularis)   Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  lens- 
shaped.] 
planistria,   Hall,   1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  having  plane  striae.] 
planistria  var.  parvum,   Hall,   1847,  Pal. 

N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 
stamineum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Chazy  Gr.  [Sig.  thready;  having  refer- 
ence to  the  thread  like  striae  on  the 

surface.] 
striatum,  Emmons,!  842,  (Macluria  striata) 

Geo.   Rep.   N.   Y,   Chazy  Gr.    [Sig. 

striated.] 
subplanum,  Shumard,   1863,  Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Calciferous  Gr.   [Sig. 

somewhat  flat.] 
Scalites,  Conrad,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.  by 

Emmons.      [Ety.  scala,  a  stair  case.] 
angulatus,  Conrad,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y. 

by  Emmons,   Chazy  Gr.      [Sig.   an- 

gular.] 
Solarium,    Lamarck,   1801,   Syst.   An.   sans 

Vert. 
leai,  one  of  Troost's  catalogue  names. 
Soleniscus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.      [Ety.  soUniskos, 

a  little  channel  or  gutter.] 


hallanus,   Geinitz,   1866,     (Macrocheilus 

hallanus)   Carb.  und    Dyas  in  Neb., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
typicus,   Meek  &   Worthen,   1860,  Proc, 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  the  type  of  the  genus.] 
Straparollina,   Billings,   1865,    Pal.   Foss., 

vol.  1.      [Ety.  from  the  resemblance 

to  shells  of  the  genus  Straparollus.'] 
asperostriata,  Billings,    1860,  (Straparol- 

lus  asperostriatus)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  5,  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  roughly 

striated.] 
circe,  Billings,  1860,  (Straparollus  circe) 

Can.  Nat.  &  Geol.,  vol.  5,  Black  Riv. 

Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
eurydice,     Billings,    1860,    (Straparollus 

eurydice)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol.,  vol.  5, 

Black   Riv.   Gr.      [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
pelagica,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.      [Sig.  belonging  to  the 

deep  sea.] 
remota,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss-.,  vol.  2, 

Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig.  remote,  at  a  dis- 
tance.] 
Straparollus,  Montfort,  1810,  Conch.  Syst., 

vol.  2.     [Ety.  strabos,  turned  about.] 
angulatus,    Emmons,    1856,     Am.    Geo. 

Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  angular.] 
asperostriatus,  see  Straparollina  asperos- 
triata. 
barrisi,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Chemung  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.T, 
canadensis,    Billings,    1861,   Can.  Jour., 

Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
circe,  see  Straparollina  circe. 
clymenioides,  see  Euomphalus  clymehioi- 

des. 
cornudanus,  Shumard,  1859,  Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
daphne,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Guelph    Gr.       [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
eurydice,  see  Straparollina  eurydice. 
hippolyte,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,vol.  1, 

Guelph  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
labiatus,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geo.,  Chazy 

Gr.     [Sig.  lipped.] 
lens,  Hall,  1860,  (Euomphalus  lens)  13th 

Reg.  Rep.,  Kinderhook  Gr.   [Sig.  lens- 
shaped.] 
macromphalus,    Winchell,     1863,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Chemung   Gr. 

[Sig.  having  a  large  umbilicus.] 
magnificus,    Shumard,    1863,    Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Carboniferous.   [Sig. 

magnificent.] 
minnesotensis,    Owen,    1852,  Geo.    Sur. 

Wis.,   Iowa  and    Minn.,   Calcif.    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
mopsus,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
niagarensis,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 
name.] 


GASTEROPODA. 


163 


pernodosus,  Meek  &  Worth  en,  1870,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

very  nodose.] 
planidorsatus,   Meek  &  Worthen,   1860, 

(Euomphalus    planidorsatus)    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig. 

flat-hacked.] 
planispira,     Hall,     1858,     (Euomphalus 

planispira)  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4, 

Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  having  a  flat  spire.] 
primordialis,  Winchell,  1864,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.  &  Arts,  2nd  series,  vol.  37,  Pots- 
dam Gr.     [Sig.  first  in  order.] 
quadrivolvis,   Hall,    1858,    (Euomphalus 

quadrivolvis)  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4, 

Warsaw  Gr.      [Sig.  having  four  volu- 
tions.] 
similis,  Meek   &  Worthen,   1861,   Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  similar.] 
similis  var.   planus,   Meek   &  Worthen, 

1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  St. 

Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  level,  flat.] 
spergenensis,    Hall,   1858,   (Euomphalus 

spergenensis)  Trans.   Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  AVarsaw  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
spergenensis    var.   planorbiformis,    Hall, 

1858,    (Euomphalus  spergenensis  var. 

planorbiformis)  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  shell  of 

the  genus  Planorbis. 
subquadratus,   Meek   &  Worthen,    1870, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

somewhat  squared.] 
subrugosus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1873,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,   vol.   5,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

somewhat  rugose.]    Proposed  instead 

of  Euomphalus  rugosus  of  Hall,  which 

was  preoccupied, 
umbilicatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Eu- 
omphalus   umbilicatus)   Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,  Coal   Meas.       [Ety. 

from  the  large  umbilicus.] 
valvatiformis,  Shumard,  1863,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Calciferous  Gr.    [Sig. 

like  the  genus  Valvata.] 
whitneyi,   Meek,    1864,  Pal.   California, 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Streptaxis,  Gray,  1837,  in  Mag.  Nat.  Hist., 

[Ety.  stroptes,  twisted ;  axis,  axis.] 
whitfieldi,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.   Phil.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Strophostylus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3. 

[Ety.   strophe,    turning    round ;  stylos, 

column.] 
andrewsi,  Hall,  1859,  Pa*.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Oriskany    sandstone.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
cancellatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Oriskanv  sandstone. 

[Sig.  latticed.] 
cyclostomus,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,   Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.  circular- 
mouthed.] 
depressus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  depressed.] 


elegans,  Hall,   1859,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant,] 
expansus,  Conrad,  1841,  (Platyceras  ex- 

pansus)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Oriskany 

sandstone.     [Sig.  spread  out,] 
fitchi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
globosus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  globular.] 
matheri,   Hall,  1859,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Oriskany    sandstone.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
obliquus,  Nicholson,  1874,  Rep.  Pal.  Ont., 

Devonian.     [Sig.  oblique.] 
obtusus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  obtuse.] 
Novatus,  Nicholson,  1874,  Rep.  Pal.  Ont., 

Devonian.     [Sig.  egg-shaped.] 
rotundatus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  rounded.] 
subglobosus,  Nicholson,  1874,  Rep.   Pal. 

Ont.,     Devonian.       [Sig.    somewhat 

globose.] 
transversus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Oriskany  sandstone.    [Sig.  crosswise.] 
unicus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie grit.     [Sig.  single,  alone.] 
varians,    Hall,    1876,    Illust.    Devonian 

Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  variable.] 
Stylifer,  Broderip,   1829,    in    Sowerby,  Gen. 

Shells. 
primigenia,see  Macrocheilus  primigenium. 
Subulites,  Conrad,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  subulites,  awl-shaped — subulate.] 
abbreviatus,   Hall,    1850,  3rd   Reg.  Rep., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  shortened.] 
brevis,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865,   Mem. 

Bost.    Soc.   Nat.   Hist.,    Niagara   Gr. 

[Sig.  short.] 
calciferus,  Billings,  1859, Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,   Calciferous  Gr.      [Ety.   from 

the  Group.] 
daphne,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
elongatus,  Emmons,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  lengthened.] 
inflatus,   Meek  &  Worthen,   1869,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Sig. 

inflated,  swollen.] 
notatus,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.    marked.] 
parvulus,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  very  small.] 
psyche,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
richardsoni,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.   proper  name.] 
terebriformis,   Hall    &    Whitfield,   1875, 

Ohio  Pal.,  vol.   2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

auger-shaped.] 
ventricosus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  and  Guelph  Gr.      [Sig.  bulg- 
ing out.] 
Trachydomia,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  trachys,  rough ; 

doma,  a  house.] 


164 


GASTEROPODA. 


hollidayi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Nati- 

copsis  hollidayi)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil.,  Low.  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
nodosum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Nati- 

copsis  nodosa)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil.,  Low.  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.   from 

the  nodes  on  the  surface.] 
Tbkmanotus,  Hall,   1868,  20th  Reg.   Rep. 

[Ety.  trema,  a  hole ;  notus,  the  back.] 
alpheus,  Hall,  1864, 18th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.      [Ety.  mythological   name.] 
trigonostoma,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  triangu- 
lar-mouthed.] 
Tbochita,  Schumacher,  1817,  Essai  N.  Syst. 

[Ety.  trochus,  a  wheel.] 
antiqua,  see  Xenophora  antiqua. 
carbonaria,  Meek,  1866,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  pertaining  to 

coal.] 
Tbochonema,  Salter,  1859,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  1.   [Ety.  troches,  a  wheel ;  nema, 

a  thread.] 
emaceratum,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  thin,  lean.] 
fatua,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
pauper,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.     [Sig.  paltry,  poor.] 
pauper  var.  ohioense,  Hall  &  Whitfield, 

1875,   Ohio  Pal.,  vol.   2,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
rectilatera,  Hall,   1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  straight-sided.] 
tricarinatum,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,   vol.  4,  Calciferous  Gr.      [Sig. 

three-keeled.] 
tricarinata,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Corniferous  Gr.    The  name 

was  preoccupied, 
umbilicatum,  Hall,  1847,  (Pleurotomaria 

umbilicata)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Chazy 

to  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.   [Sig.  navel-shaped.] 


yandellanum,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Trochus,  Adanson,  1757,  Voy.  Senegal.  [Ety. 

trochus,  a  hoop.] 
mwourienm,  see  Pleurotomaria  missouri- 

ensis. 
Turbo,  Klein,  1753,  Tent.  Meth.  Ostr.  [Ety. 

turbo,  a  top.] 
bicarinatus,  Troost,  1840.    Not  defined. 
dUumla,  see  Holopea  dilucula. 
guadalupensis,    Shumard,    1859,    Trans. 

St.   Louis  Acad.    Sci.,    Permian    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
limatus,  see  Pleurotomaria  lineata. 
obesus,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,   Up.   Coal  Meas.        [Sig. 

plump  in  form.] 
(?)  obscura,  see  Holopea  obscura. 
tabulate,  see  Pleurotomaria  tabulata. 
tennesseerum,  see  Cyclonema  tennesseense. 
texanus,  Shumard,  1859,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
TurbonUla,  Leach,  1826,  Risso  Eur.  Merid.  4. 

[Ety.  diminutive  of  Turbo,  a  genus  of 

shells.] 
swaltovana,  see  Aclis  swallovana. 
Tubritella,  Lainarck,  1801,  Syst.   An.   sans 

Vert.     [Ety.  turriiella,  a  little  tower.] 
stevenana,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Up.  Coal  Meas.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Xenophoba,  Fischer,  1806,  Museum    Demi- 

dovianum.    [Ety.  xenos,  a  log  or  body  ; 

phoros,  bearing.] 
antiqua,  Meek,  1871,  (Trochita    antiqua) 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cornifer- 
ous Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
Zonites,  Montfort,  1810,  Conch.  Syst.    [Ety. 

zone,  a  belt.] 
priscus,  Carpenter,  1867,  Quar.  Jour.Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  23,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  ancient.] 


CLASS  CEPHALOPODA. 


FAMILY  ASCOCERATID.E  —  Ascoceras,  Conoceras,  Glossoceras. 

FAMILY  CERIOLIDjE.— Beatrkea. 

FAMILY  CYRTOCERATID.E.— Cyrtoceras,  Cyrtocerina,  Oncoceras. 

FAMILY  GOMPHOCER A.TID,E.-^Gomphoceras. 

FAMILY  GONIATITID,E.— Goniatites. 

FAMILY  GYROCERATID.E.— Gyroceras. 

FAMILY  NAUTILID.E.— Discites,   Lituites,  (?)  Nautilus,  Pteronautilus,  Solenocheilus, 

Temnocheilus,  Trematodiscus,  Trocholites.  (?) 
FAMILY  ORTHOCERATID^E.— Actinoceras,     Cameroceras,     Colpoceras,     Diploceras, 

Endoceras,  Gonioceras,  Huronia,  Orruoceras,  Orthoceras,  Piloceras. 
FAMILY  PHRAGMOCERATID.E.—  Phragmoceras,  Streptoceras. 
FAMILY  TROCHOCERATID.E.— Trochoceras. 
INCERTJE  SEDIS.— Discosorus,  Seerichnites. 


Actinoceras,  Bronn,  1837,  Lethaea  Geognos- 

tica.    [Ety.  aktin,  a  ray;  keras,  a  horn.] 
bigsbyi,  Stokes,  1840,  Trans.  Geo.  Soe., 

2nd  series,  vol.  5,  Chazy  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
inops,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Carb. 

[Ety.  meagre.] 
lyoni,  Stokes,  1840,  Trans.  Geol.  Soc,  vol. 

5,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
richardsoni,   Stokes,   1840,  Trans.   Geol. 

Soc.,  2nd  series,  vol.  5,  Silurian.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
simmsi,   Stokes,  1840,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc, 

2nd  series,  vol.  5,  Sil.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Ascoceras,  Barrande,  1848,  Haidinger's  Ber- 

ichte.     [Ety.   askos,  a  leather  bottle; 

keras,  horn.] 
anticostiense,   Billings,   1866,   Catal.  Sil. 

Foss.    Antic,    Anticosti    Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
canadense,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
newberryi,  Billings.  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Hud.  Riv.  &  Anticosti  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Beatricea,   Billings,  1857,   Rep.   of    Progr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.]     This  genus  is 

supposedly  Hyatt,  (Am.  Jour.  Sci.  & 

Arts,   1865)*    to  belong  to  the    class 

Cephalopoda,  and  he  proposed  a  new 

order  for  the  genus,  to  wit:  Cerioliles, 

from  kerkm,  a  honey  comb;  lithos,  a 

stone,  and  a  new  family  Ceriolidx. 
nodulosa,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Hud.  Riv.  &  Mid.  Sil.    [Sig.  having 

small  knots.] 


undulata,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Mid.  Sil.     [Sig.  wavy.] 
Cameroceras,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.   Phil.,   vol.    8.      [Ety.   kamara,  a 
chamber;  keras,  horn.] 
trentonense,  Conrad,  1842,   Jour.   Acad. 
Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,   vol.  8,  Trenton  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Colpoceras,  Hall,  1850,  3rd  Reg.  Rep.  N.Y. 
[Ety.  kolpos,  a  furrow;  keras,  horn.] 
virgatum,    Hall,    1850,    3rd    Reg.    Rep. 
N.  Y.,  Birdseye  and  Black  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  wand-like.] 
Clymenia,  Munster,  1832.     [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 
complanata,  see  Goniatites    complanatus. 
erato,  see  Goniatites  erato. 
Comities,  Schlotheim,  1820,  Petrefactenkunde, 
etc.    [Ety.  konos,  a  cone ;  lithos,  stone.] 
capricornulm,  Troost,  1840,  5th  Geo.  Rep. 
Tenn.     Not  satisfactorily  denned. 
Conoceras,    Bronn,    1835,  Leth.    Geogn. 
[Ety.  konos,  a  cone  ;   keras,  horn.] 
angulosum,   Bronn,   1834,  Leth.  Geogn., 
Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  corners.] 
Conotubvlaria,  Troost,  syn.  for  Orthoceras. 
brongniarli,  see  Orthoceras  brongniarti. 
cuvieri,  see  Orthoceras  cuvieri. 
defrancii,  see  Orthoceras  defrancii. 
goldfussi,  see  Orthoceras  goldfussi. 
Convlites,  Cozzens,   1848.     Not  satisfactorily 
defined. 
angulosum,  Cozzens,  1848.     Not  satisfac- 
torily defined.    It  may  be  a  plant. 


166 


CEPHALOPODA. 


Cryptoceras,  D'Orbigny,  1850.  [Ety.  kryptos, 
concealed;  kerns,  horn.]  This  name 
was  preoccupied  by  Latreille  for  a 
genus  of  insects,  and  had  been  previ- 
ously used  by  Barrande  for  a  genus 
ot  Cephalopods. 

capax,  see  Solenocheilus  capax. 
Cybtocekas,  Goldfuss,  1832,  in  De  la  Beche's 
Handbuch  der  Geognosie  bearbeitet 
von  v.  Deschen.    [Ety.  kurtos,  curved  ; 
keras,  horn.] 

absens,  Hall,  1876,  Must.  Devonian  Foss., 
Schoharie  grit.     [Sig.  absent,  distant.] 

alethes,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 
Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

amplicorne,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.   Rep., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  large  horn.] 

annulatum,   Hall,  1847,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig. 
ringed.]  This  name  was  preoccupied 
by  Goldfuss  in  1832. 

arcticameratum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  X.Y.,vol. 

2,  Guelph  Gr.  [Sig.  close-chambered.] 
arcuatum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.      [Sig.  bent ;  in  allusion 

to  the  arched  chambers.]     The  name 

was  preoccupied  by  Steininger  in  1830, 

see  D'Archiac  &  Verneuil,  Memoir  on 

Pal.  Foss.,  1842. 
aristides,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss., Quebec 

Gr.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
beta,  Hall,  1862,  (Gomphoceras  beta)  15th 

Reg.   Rep.,  Schoharie  grit.      [Sig.  a 

Greek  letter.] 
billingsi,  Salter,   1859,  Can.   Org.  Rem., 

Decade  1,  Chazy  or  Black  Riv.   Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
bondi,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn.,  Nash- 
ville Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
brevicorne,  Hall,  1867,  20th   Reg.  Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  short-horned.] 
camurum,   Hall,   1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  crooked.] 
cancellatum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  cancellated.]    The 

name  was  preoccupied  by  Roemer  in 

1844. 
carrollense,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111. 

vol.    6,    Galena    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
clavatum,   Hall,   1876,   Must.    Devonian 

Foss.,    Schoharie    grit.       [Sig.    club- 
shaped.] 
clitus,   Billings,   1866,    Catal.    Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,    Niagara    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
conicum,  Owen, 1840,  Rep.  on  Min.  Lands, 

Up.  Magnesian    Gr.      [Sig.    conical, 

tapering  to  a  point.] 
conradi,  Hall,  1860,    (Gomphoceras  con- 

radi)  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham.  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
constrictostriatum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.Y., 

vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  constricted 

and  striated.] 


corniculum,  Hall,  1862,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis., 
Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  a  little  horn.]  The 
name  was  preoccupied  by  Barrande  in 
1848,  and  again  by  Eichwald  in  1860. 

corydon,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

curtum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  short.]  Was  this  name  preoccu- 
pied by  Eichwald  ? 

dardanus,"  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Geo. 
Sur.  of  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  my- 
thological name.] 

dictys,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 
Gr.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

dictyum,  White,  1876,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Devonian.     [Sig.  a  net.] 

dilatatum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  widened,  spread  out.] 

dorsatum,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Sig.  high- 
backed.] 

eugenium,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep., 
Schoharie  grit.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 

eugium,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Wis., 
Chazy  &  Black  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  fertile.] 

exiguum,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  little,  small.] 

falx,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr.,  Black 
Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  a  sickle.] 

filosum,  Emmons,  1842,  Nat.  Hist.  N.  Y., 
vol.  4,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  covered  with 
thread-like  markings.] 

fosteri,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Geo. 
Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

fragile,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Sig.  frail,  easily 
broken.  ] 

gibbosum,  Hall,  1876,  Must.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  gibbous.] 

giganteum,  McChesney,  Jan.  1860,  New 
Pal.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.  In  1861 
McChesney  referred  this  species  to 
the  genus  Lituites,  and  proposed  for  it 
the  name  Lituites  cancellatux.  Prof. 
Hall,  in  the  meantime,  described  it 
as  Lituites  occiderdalls.  It  is  now  re- 
ferred to  the  genus  Nautilus,  and  as 
both  the  earlier  names  were  preoccu- 
pied, McChesney's  name  cancellatus 
has  precedence. 

hercules,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865,  (Lit- 
uites hercules)  Mem.  Bost.  Soc  Nat. 
Hist.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

hertzeri,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 
Pal.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

huronense,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss., 
Black  Riv.  or  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

isidorus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Black 
Riv.  or  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 


CEPHALOPODA. 


187 


jaws,  see  Streptoceras  jarlus. 

jason,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie grit.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

juvenalis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 

lamellomm,  Hall*  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  having  many  thin 
plates.]  The  name  was  preoccupied 
by  D'Archiac  &  Yerneuil  in  1842. 

laterale,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  lateral.] 

ligarius,  Billings,  1875,  Pal.  Foss.,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

liratum,  Hall,  1862,15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  furrowed.] 

loculosum,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Prog. Wis., 
Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  partitioned.] 

lucillus,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 

lysander,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

macrostomum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
1,  Black  Riv.  and  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig. 
long-mouthed.] 

magister,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,  Cin.  Quar. 
Jour,  of  Sci.,  vol.  2,  Gin'ti  Gr.  [Sig. 
the  chief.] 

marginale,  Conrad,  1843,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  [Sig.  bordered.]  The  name  was 
preoccupied  by  Phillips  in  1841. 

massiense,  Saftbrd,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn., 
Nashville  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

matheri,  see  Gyroceras  matheri. 

maccoyi,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol."  4,  Chazy  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

maximum,  see  Nautilus  maximus. 

mercurius,  see  Cyrtocerina  mercurius. 

metellus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

metula,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 
Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  a  little  obelisk.] 

missisquoi,  Billings,  18  65,  Pal.  Foss., 
(Orthoceras  missisquoi)  Quebec  Gr. 
[Etv.  proper  name.] 

morsum,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  bitten  off.] 

multicameratum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y., 
vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig. 
many-chambered.] 

niyrice,Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 
vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 

neleus,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Wis., 
Chazy  &  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  my- 
thological name.] 

obscumm,  S.  A.  Miller,  changed  to  magister 
because  obscumm  was  preoccupied. 

ohioense,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

orcas,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Geo.  Sur. 
Wis.,  Niagara  Gr.  Subsequently  re- 
ferred by  Hall  to  the  genus  Oncoceras, 
see  20th  Reg.  Rep. 

orestes,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Niagara 
Gr.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 


orion,  Hall,  1876,  Ulust.  Devonian   Fobs., 

Schoharie  grit,       [Ety.   mythological 

name.]    This  name  was  preoccupied 

by  Barrande. 
orodes,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  Guelph 

Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
postumius,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pusillum,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
regulare,   Billings,   1857,   Rep.  of  Progr. 

Black  Riv.  and    Trenton    Gr.    [Sig. 

regular.] 
rigidum,  Hall,  1867,   20th   Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  rigid.] 
rockfordense,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Kinderhook  (?)  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
sacculus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  (Gom- 

phoceras  sacculum)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  a  little  sack.] 
sepfora,  Hall,  see  Gomphoceras  septore. 
simplex,   Billings,  1857,   Rep.  of  Progr., 

Black  Riv.  &Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  simple.] 
sinuatum,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Black  Riv.   Gr.      [Sig.   marked  with 

depressions.] 
gpinosum,  see  Gyroceras  spinosum. 
stonense,   Safford,   1869,  Geo.   of  Tenn., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
subrectum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.   Held.   Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat 

straight,] 
subturbinatum,  Billings,   1857,    Rep.    of 

Progr.,  Chazy  &  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig. 

somewhat  top-shaped.] 
surgens,   Barrande,   1869,   Syst.    Sil.    de 

Boh.,  4me  serie,   Quebec  Gr.     [Sig. 

rising.] 
syphax,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 

Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
tesselatum,  de  Koninck.     Not  American. 
transversum,  see  Gyroceras  transversuin. 
trentonense,  Emmons,  1842,  (Orthoceras 

trentonensis)  Geo.  Rep.  N.Y.,  Trenton 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
trivohig,  see  Gyroceras  trivolve. 
typicum,  see  Cyrtocerina  typica. 
undulatum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,  Schoharie  grit.    [Sig.  wavy.] 
undulatum,  Vanuxem,  see  Gyroceras  un- 
dulatum. 
unicorne,   Winchell,   1863,  Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,   Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  one- 
horned.] 
vallandighami,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,   Cin. 

Quar.  Jour.   Sci.,   Cin'ti  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
ventricosum,    S.   A.    Miller,    1875,   Cin. 

Quar.   Jour.   Sci.,  vol.  2,    Cin'ti   Gr. 

[Sig.  bulging  out;  rapidly  enlarging.] 
whitnevi,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Wis., 

Hud.   Riv.   Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Cyrtocerina,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.  [Ety. 

from  the  termination  inus,  signifying 

resemblace  to  Cyrtoceras.] 
mercurius,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.      [Ety.  mythological  name.] 


CEPHALOPODA. 


typica,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Black 

Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  type  of  the  genus.] 
Diplockras,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.   8.      [Ety.   diploos,    double; 

keras,  horn.] 
vanuxemi,   Conrad,    1842,    Jour.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Discites,   DeHaan,    1825,  Mongr.  Amnion., 

etc.     [Ety.  diskos,  a  quoit.] 
disciformis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,  Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  in  the  shape  of  a  quoit.] 
highlandensis,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
ornatus,  syn.  for  Nautilus  marcellensis. 
tuberculatus,  Owen,  1852,  Geo.  Sur.  Wis., 

Iowa  and  Minn.,   Low.   Carb.     [Sig. 

covered  with  tubercles.] 
Discosorus,  Hall,   1852,  Pal.  N.  ¥.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  diskos,  a  quoit;  sows,  a  heap  or 

pile.] 
conoideus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  conical.] 
Endoceras,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.     eridos,    within;    keras,    horn.] 

This  genus  seems  to  be  founded  upon 

the  same  fossils  that  Conrad  previ- 
ously founded  his  genus  Diploceras 

upon, 
angusticameratum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.Y., 

vol.   1,   Trenton    Gr.      [Sig.   narrow- 
chambered.] 
annulatum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  ringed.] 
approximatum,   Hall,   1847,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  approximat- 
ing-] 
arctiventrum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton   Gr.      [Ety.  arctus,  close; 

venter,  a  cavity.] 
atlanticum,  Barrande,  1869,  Syst.  Sil.  de 

Boh.,  2d  ser.,  4me,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig. 

Atlantic] 
distans,  Hall,   1847,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  distant.] 
duplicatum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  doubled.] 
gemelliparum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  twins,  in  allu- 
sion to  the  two  embryo-tubes  enclosed 

within  the  siphuncle.] 
insulare,  Barrande,   1869,   Syst.   Sil.   de 

Boh.,  2d  ser.,  4me,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig. 

belonging  to  an  island.] 
lativentrum,  Hall,   1850,  3rd   Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Trenton  Gr.    [Ety.  lotus,  broad ; 

venter,  cavity.] 
longissimum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig. 

of  unusual  length.] 
magniventrum,   Hall,  1847,  Pal.    <S.   Y., 

vol.   1,   Trenton  Gr.      [Ety.   magnus, 

large ;  venter,  cavity.] 
marcoui,   Barrande,    1869,   Syst.   Sil.  de 

Boh.,  2d  ser.,  4me,  Quebec  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 


multitubulatum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

having  manv  pipes.] 
proteiforme,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Hud.  Riv.  and  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig. 

having  many  shapes.] 
proteiforme  var.  elongatum,  Hall,  1847, 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

lengthened.] 
proteiforme  var.  lineolatum,  Hall,  1847, 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig. 

marked  with  fine  lines.] 
proteiforme  var.  strangulatum,  Hall,  1847, 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

constricted.] 
proteiforme  var.  tenuistriatum,  Hall,  1847, 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

fine-lined.] 
proteiforme  var.  tenuitextum,  Hall,  1847, 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig. 

finely  woven.] 
rapax,  Billings,  1860,  (Orthoceras  rapax) 

Can.  Nat.  &  Geol.,  vol.  5,  Black  Riv. 

Gr.    [Sig.  ravenous.] 
rottermundi,  Barrande,  1866,  (Orthoceras 

rottermundi)  S3'st.  Sil.   de  Boh.,   2d 

ser.,  2me,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
subcentrale,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.      [Sig.  nearly  central.] 
Endolobus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  18  65,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat,   Sci.   Phil.       [Ety.  endos, 

within;  lobos,  a  lobe.]      Prof.   Meek 

said  later  that  this  genus  is  not  distinct 

from   TemnocJieilus,  and  if   distinct  it 

would    probably   be  a  synonym   for 

Montfort's  genus  Bisiphites. 
peramplus,  see  Temnocheilus  peramplum. 
spectabUis,    see  Temnocheilus  spectabile. 
Glossoceras,  Barrande,  1865,  Cephalopoda 

of  Bohemia,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  glosse,  the 

tongue ;  keras,  a  horn.] 
desideratum,    Billings,   1866,   Catal.    Sil. 

Foss.  Antic,  Clinton  Gr.    [Sig.  rare.] 
Gomphoceras,  Sowerby,   1839,  Murch.  Sil. 

Syst.     [Ety.  gomplios,  a  club ;  keras,  a 

horn.] 
beta,  see  Cyrtoceras  beta. 
conradi,  see  Cyrtoceras  conradi. 
eos,  Hall  &  Whitfield.  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  the  dawn.] 
eximium,  Hall,  1861,  14th  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  choice,  unparalleled.] 
fischeri,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
marcyse,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865,  Mem. 

Bost.    Soc    Nat.    Hist.,    Niagara  Gr. 

Syn.  for  G.  scrinium. 
obesum,   Billings,   1857,  Rep.   of  Progr., 

Utica  Gr.     [Sig.  plump  in  form.] 
omicron,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  a  letter 

of  the  Greek  alphabet.] 
oviforme,   Hall,   1860,    13th    Reg.    Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  egg-shaped.] 
saccidum,  see  Cvrtoceras  sacculum. 
scrinium,    Hall,    1864,  20th,   Reg.   Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  a  casket.] 


CEPHALOPODA. 


septore,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Peg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.    [Ety.  septern,  seven ;  os-oris, 
a  mouth.] 
subgracile,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  somewhat  slender.] 
turbiniforme,   Meek  &   AVorthen,    1866, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Sig.  formed  like  a  top.] 
Goniatites,  DeHaan,    1825,   Monogr.    Am- 
monites  et  Goniatites.     [Ety.   gcmia, 
an  angle :  lithos,  stone.]   This  name,  it 
seems,  should  be  spelled  Gonialites. 
allei,  Winchell,  1862,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  2nd 
series,   vol.  33,  Marshall  Gr.      [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
bicostatus,   Hall,    1843,    Geo.    Rep.  4th 
Dist.  N.  Y.,  Portage  Gr.   [Sig.  double- 
ribbed.] 
chemungensis,    Vanuxem,     1843,     Geo. 
Rep.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
chemungensis    car.    jequicostatus,    Hall, 
1875,  27th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Chemung 
Gr.     [Sig.  equal-ribbed.] 
.    choctawensis,  Shumard,  1863,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
compactus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1875,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
compact.] 
complanatus,    Hall,  1843,  (Clymenia  (?) 
complanatus)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist,  N. 
Y.,   Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  smoothed.] 
complanatus   var.    perlatus,   Hall,    1875, 
27th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr. 
[Sig.  very  wide.] 
discoideus,  *Hall,   1860,  13th    Reg.  Rep. 

N.Y.,Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  disc-like.] 
discoideus    var.    ohioensis,    Hall,    1874, 
27th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
entogonus,  Gabb,  1861,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,   Carboniferous.      [Sig.  angular 
within.] 
erato,  Hall,  1862,  (Clymenia  erato)  15th 
Reg.  Rep.,  Ham.  Gr.      [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 
expansus,   Vanuxem,    1842,   Geo.     Rep. 
3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Marcellus  shale.   [Sig. 
expanded.] 
globulosus,  Meek  &  AVorthen,  1860,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  like  a  small  ball.] 
hathawayanus,  McChesney,   1860,  Desc. 
New  Pal.   Foss.,   Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
holmesi,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.   [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
houghtoni,   Winchell,   1862,    Am.    Jour. 
Sci.,  2d  ser.,vol.  33,  Marshall  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
hyas,  Hall,  Dec,  1860,  13th  Reg.   Rep., 
Low.  Carb.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
.  iowensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 
Acad.   Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 


ixion,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 
Gr.    This  species  is  founded  on  the 
form  which  has  been  identified  with 
the  European    species    O.    rotatoriim. 
[Ety.  mythological  name.] 
lyoni,    Meek    &    Worthen,    1860,    Proc 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Kinderhook  (?) 
Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
marcellenm,  see  Nautilus  marcellensis. 
marshallensis,  Winchell,  1862,  Am  Jour 
Sci.,    2d  ser.,   vol.   33,  Marshall  Gr.' 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
minimus,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.   Sci.,   Coal  Meas.       [Sig.   very 
small.] 
mithrax,  Hall,  1860, 13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.Y., 
Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  mithrax,  a  preci- 
ous stone.] 
morganensis,  Swallow,   1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chouteau  or  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Ety.   proper  name.] 
nolinensis,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky. 
vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  proper  name  1 
nundaia,   Hall,  1875,  27th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Portage  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
orbicella,    Hall,    1860,    13th    Reg.     Rep. 
N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  circle.] 
osagensis,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.    Sci.,    Chemung    Gr.      [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
oweni,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
oweni  var.   parallelus,  Hall,   1860,   13th 
Reg.  Rep.,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  parallel.] 
parvus,  Shumard,   1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  small  ] 
patersoni,  Hall,  1860,   13th   Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y,  Portage  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
peracutus,   Hall,   1876,   Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  very  acute.] 
planorbiformis,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Sur. 
Mo.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like  a  shell  of 
the  genus  Planvrbis.] 
politus,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci., Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  smoothed.] 
propinquus,   Winchell,  1862,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  &  Arts,  2nd  series,  vol.  33,  Mar- 
shall Gr.     [Sig.  related.] 
punctatus,  Conrad,   1838,  Ann.  Rep.  N 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  dotted.] 
pygmseus,  Winchell,  1862,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 
and  Arts,  2nd  series,  vol.  33,  Marshall 
Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
rotatorius,   DeKoninck,   1843,    Desc.    des 
Anim.  Foss.  du  Terr.  Carb.      See  G. 
ixion. 
shumardanus,  AVinchell,  1865,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  &  Arts,  2nd  series,  vol.  33,  Mar- 
shall Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
simulator,   Hall,    1875,  27th   Reg.   Rep., 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  a  dissembler.] 
sinuosus,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 
N.  Y.,  Portage  Gr.      [Sig.  full  of  fur- 
rows.] 
suMferus,  Winchell.    Not  defined, 
texanus,  Shumard,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 


170 


CEPHALOPODA. 


uniangularis,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad, 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  one 

angled.] 
unilobatus,   Hall,  1875,  27th   Reg.  Eep. 

N.Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  one-lobed.] 
whitii,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat, 

Sci.,  Portage  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Gonioceras,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  gonia,  an  angle;  kera.%  a  horn.] 
anceps,   Hall,   1847,   Pal.   N.   Y.,  vol.  1, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 
occidentale,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.   of    Progr. 

Wis.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  western.] 
Gykoceras,   DeKoninck,   1841,    Desc.     An. 

Foss.  Belg.     [Ety.  gyros,  circle;  km-as, 

a  horn.]     Not  Gyroceratites  of  Meyer, 

1829. 
americanum,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr. 

Can.  Geo.  Sur.,  Up.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
bannisteri,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865,  Mem. 

Bost.  Soc  Nat.  Hist.    See  Trochoceras 

bannisteri. 
burlingtonense,   Owen,   1852,    Geo.  Sur. 

Wis.,  Iowa&  Minn.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
constrictum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  con- 
stricted.] 
cornutum,   Owen,   1840,    Rep.  on    Min. 

Lands,  Devonian.     [Sig.  horned.] 
cyclops,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
eryx,   Hall,   1862,   15th  Reg.   Rep.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
expansum,  Saeman,  Dunker  &  Von  Meyer, 

1853,  Palaeontographica,  vol.  4,  Mar- 

cellus  shale.     See  Nautilus  buccinum. 
gracile,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  slender.] 
hartti,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Car- 
boniferous.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
inelegans,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  not 

elegant.] 
jason,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Schoharie  grit.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
liratum,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Mar- 

cellus  shale.    [Sig.  furrowed.] 
logani,   Meek,   1868,  Trans.   Chi.   Acad. 

Sci.,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
magnijicum,  see  Lituites  magnificus. 
matheri,  Conrad,  1840,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

(Cyrtoceras  matheri)  Low.  Held.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
nais,  see  Porcellia  nais. 
nereus,  Hall,  1862, 15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Cornif- 
erous Gr.      [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
numa,  Billings,  1875,  Can.  Nat:  &  Geol., 

Corniferous  Gr.      [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
ohioense,  Meek,  1871,    Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,   Corniferous  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
paucinodum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  having  few 

knots.] 


(?)  rockfordense,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866, 

(Nautilus  (Cryptoceras)  rockfbrdensis) 

Proc.    Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Kinder- 
hook  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
spinosum,  Conrad,   1840,  (Phragmoceras 

spinosum)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Schoharie 

grit.     [Sig.  spiny.] 
subliratum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.   Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  like 

G.  Kratum.] 
transversum,    Hall,    1860,    (Cyrtoceras 

transversum)  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  crosswise.] 
trivolve,  Conrad,    1840,  (Cyrtoceras  tri- 

volvis)  Ann.  Rep.   N.  Y.,  Low.  Held. 

Gr.     [Sig.  three-whorled.] 
undulatum,  Vanuxem,  1843,  (Cyrtoceras 

undulatum)  Geo.   Rep.  N.  Y,   Low- 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 
vagans,    Billings,    1857,   Rep.   of  Progr. 

Can.  Geo.  Sur.,  Black  Riv.  Gr.      [Sig. 

wandering.] 
validum,    Hall,   1876,    Illust.    Devonian 

Foss.,  Schoharie  grit.     [Sig.  strong.] 
Huronia,  Stokes,  1823,  Geo.  Trans.,  n.  s.,  vol. 

1.     [Ety.  proper  name.]     When  this 

genus    was    proposed,    the    author 

thought  he   was  describing  a  coral. 

Prof.  Billings  says  that  the  name  was 

proposed  for  the  siph  uncle  of  an  Or- 

thoceras,  and  is,  therefore,  merely  a 

synonym. 
annulata,vHall,  1851,  Lake  Superior  Land 

Dist.  by  Foster  &  Whitney,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  ringed.] 
bigsbyi,  Stokes,  1823,  Trans.Geo.  Soc.,vol. 

1,  Clinton  Gr.     [Ety.   proper  name.] 
minuens,   Barrande,   1869,   Syst.   Sil.  de 

Boh.,  2d    series,  vol.  4,  Clinton   Gr. 

[Sig.  diminished.] 
obliqua,  Stokes.  1823,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc., 

2nd  series,  vol.  1,  Clinton  Gr.    [Sig. 

oblique.] 
portlocki,  Stokes,  1840,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc, 

2nd  series,  vol.  5,  Clinton  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
sphseroidalis,   Stokes,   1823,  Trans.  Geo. 

Soc,   2nd  series,   vol.  1,  Clinton  Gr. 

[Sig.  spherical.] 
turbinata,  Stokes,  1823,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc, 

2nd  series,  vol.  1,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig. 

top-shaped.] 
vertebralis,  Stokes,  1823,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc, 

2nd  series,  vol.  1,  Niagara  and  Clinton 

Gr.      [Sig.  vertebra-like.]    See  Ortho- 

ceras  canadense. 
Hydnoceras,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,   vol.   8.     [Ety.  hydnm,  a  truffle; 

keras,   a  horn.]      See   Dictyophyton,  a 

plant. 
tuberosum,  see  Dictyophyton  tuberosum. 
Lituites,  Montfort,  1808,  Conch.  Syst.  [Ety. 

lituus,  a  trumpet.] 
apollo,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  Calcif. 

Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 


CEPHALOPODA. 


in 


cancellatus,  McChesney,  1861,  New  Pal. 
Fos8.,  Niagara  Gr.  See  L.  occidentalis 
and  Nautilus  cancellatus  and  N.  occiden- 
talis. If  this  species,  as  Prof.  Hall 
suggests,  is  a  true  Nautilus,  McChes- 
ney's  name  has  precedence. 

capax,  Hall,  1860,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Geo. 
Sur.  Wis.    See  Nautilus  capax. 

complanatus,  Shumard,  1863,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Calciferous  Gr.  [Sig. 
smoothed.] 

convolvans,  (?)  Schlotheim,  1813,  in  Jahr- 
buch,  (Hall,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1)  Black 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  wrapping  together.] 

farnsworthi,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Calciferous  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
graftonensis,    Meek    &   Worthen,    1869, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

hercules,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865,  Mem. 
Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  Niagara  Gr. 
Syn.  for  Cyrtoceras  amplicorne.  See 
20th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y. 

imperator,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  Cal- 
ciferous Gr.     [Sig.  the  chief.] 

magnificus,  Billings,  1857,  (Gyroceras 
magnificum)  Rep.  of  Progr.,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  magnificent.] 

marshi,  Hall,  1867, 20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

occidentalis,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Geo. 
Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr.  This  species 
is  now  referred  by  Prof.  Hall  to  the 
genus  Nautilus,  see  20th  Reg.  Rep. 
It  was  first  described  by  McChesney, 
Jan.  1860,  as  Cyrtoceras  giganteum,  but 
that  name  being  preoccupied,  in  1861 
he  proposed  Lituites  cancellatus.  If  it 
is  a  Nautilus,  the  word  occidentalis  be- 
ing preoccupied,  McChesney's  name 
cancellatus  has  precedence. 

ortoni,  Meek,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  1,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

palinurus,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  Cal- 
ciferous Gr.  [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

pluto,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 
Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

robertsoni,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr. 
Wis.,  Chazy  &  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

undatus,  Emmons,  1842,  (Inachus  un- 
datus)  Geo.  Rep.  N.Y.,  Black  Riv.  and 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 

undatus  var.  occidentalis,  Hall,  1861,  Rep. 

of  Progr.  Wis.,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton 

Gr.     [Sig.  western.] 

Nautilus,   Breynius,  1732,  Dissert.  Polyth. 

[Ety.  Naidilos,  a  sailor  or  navigator.] 

avonensis,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 
Carboniferous.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 

avus,  Barrande,  1869,  Syst.  Sil.  de  Boh., 
vol.  4,  Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  an  ancestor.] 

barrandi,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

biserialis,  Hall,  1860,  Supp.  to  vol.  1,  pt. 

2,  Iowa  Geo.  Sur.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  in 
two  series.]  This  is  probably  a  syn. 
for  N.  occidentalis. 


buccinum,   Hall,  1876,   Illust,   Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.   [Sig.  a  sea-trumpet.] 

This  species  was  referred  to  Gyroceras 

expaiuum. 
calciferus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss., Calcif- 
erous Gr.      [Ety.  from  the  Calciferous 

Group.] 
cancellatus,   McChesney,   1861,  (Lituites 

cancellatus)  New  Pal.  Foss.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  cross-barred.] 
canaliculars,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky., 

vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  grooved.] 
capax,  Hall,  1860,  (Lituites  capax)  Rep. 

of  Progr.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  large.] 
capax,  Meek  &  Worthen,    1865.      This 

was  preoccupied  and  must  yield  unless 

it  can  be  retained  in  the  subgenus 

Solenoclieilus,  which  see. 
chesterensis,    Meek    &    Worthen,    1860, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,   Chester 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
clarkanus,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.   Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
colltctus,  see  Solenocheilus  collectum. 
cornulum,  Hall,   1876,  Illust.   Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  horn.] 
coxanus,  see  Temnocheilus  coxanum. 
decoratus,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol. 

3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  decorated.] 
desertus,  Billings,   1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  deserted.] 
digonus,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1860,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  two-cornered.] 
disciformis,  see  Discites  disciformis. 
discoidalw,  see  Trematodiscus  discoidalis. 
divisus,  White  &  St.   John,    1868,   Trans. 

Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Coal  Meas.    The 

name  was  preoccupied  by  Meyer  in 

1831. 
eccentricus,  Meek&  Hayden,  1858,  Trans. 

Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  Permian  Gr.     [Ety. 

ek,  from  ;   kentron,  center.] 
ferox,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Calcifer- 
ous Gr.    [Sig.  fierce.] 
ferratus,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  covered  with  iron.] 
forbesanus,  McChesney,  1860,  Desc.  New 

Pal.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
gilpini,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St.   Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
globatus,  Sovverby,   1825,    Min.   Conch., 

Chester  Gr.     [Sig.  made  round.] 
hercules,   Billings,    1857,  Rep.  of  Progr. 

Can.  Geo.  Sur.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
highlandensis,  see  Discites  highlandensis. 
illinoisensis,  McChesney,  1860,  Desc.  New 

Pal.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
ingentior,  Winchell,  1862,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

2nd  series,  vol.  33,  Marshall  Gr.    [Sig. 

larger,  enormous.] 
insolens,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  rare,  unusual.] 


172 


CEPHALOPODA. 


jason,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
lasellensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phil.,  Up.  Coal  Meas 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
latus,  see  Temnocheilus  latum, 
lawsi,   Swallow,   1860,  Trans.    St.   Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Ham.   Gr.     {Ety.  proper 

name.] 
leidyi,  see  Solenocheilus  leidyi. 
marcellensis,  Vanuxem,  1842,  i  Goniatites 

marcellensis)  Geo.   Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
maximus,  Conrad,  1838,  (Cyrtoceras  max- 

imus)   Ann.   Rep.   N.  Y.,   Ham.   Gr. 

[Sig.  the  largest.] 
meekanus,  see  Trematodiscus  meekanus. 
missouriensis,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
natator,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  a  swimmer.] 
niotensis,  see  Temnocheilus  niotense. 
nodocarinatus,    McChesney,   syn.   for    N. 

occidentalis. 
nodoso-dorsatus,  Shumard,    1858,  Trans. 

St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 

nodosus,  knotty;  dorsatus,  high-backed.] 
occidentalis,    Swallow,    1858,   Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.       [Sig. 

wfistern  "I 
occidentalis,  Hall,   1860,   20th  Reg.  Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.  This  name  being  preoc- 
cupied, McChesney's  name,  cancellatus, 

has  precedence.     See  Lituites  cancel- 
latus. 
oriens,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Marcellus  shale.     [Sig.  the  east.] 
ornatus,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.    See 

Discites  ornatus. 
permianus,    Swallow,    1858,    Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
planidorsalis,  see  Trematodiscus  planidor- 

salis. 
planorbiformis,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1860, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  shaped  like  a  shell  of  the  genus 

PlanorbisJ] 
planovolvis,  Shumard,   1858,   Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,   Coal   Meas.     [Sig. 

plane-whorled.] 
pomponius,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  Cal- 

ciferousGr.  [Ety.mythological  name.] 
ponderosus,  White,  1872,  Pal.  of  E.  Neb., 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  heavy.] 
quadrangularis,  McChesney,   1860,  Desc. 

New  Pal.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.,  syn.  for 

N.  occidentalis. 
rockfordensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1866, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Kinder- 
hook  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.]  Prob- 
ably a  Gyroceras.     See  111.  Geo.  Sur.', 

vol.  3. 
sangamonensis,  Meek  &  Worthen ,  1860 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 


seebachanus,  Geinitz,  1866,  Carb.  und  Dyas 

in  Neb.,  Permian   Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.]    This  species  was  made   the 

type  by  Prof.  Meek  of  the  new  genus 

Pteronautilus,  which  see. 
spectabilis,  see  Temnocheilus  spectabile. 
springeri,  White  &  St.  John,  1868,  Trans. 

Chi.   Acad.   Sci.,   Coal   Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
striatidus,  see  Trematodiscus  striatulus. 
subglobosus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.    Sci.    Phil..   Chester    Gr. 

Syn.  for  N.  globatus,  see  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  3. 
subsulcatus,   Phillips,   1836,    Geol..  York. 

Not  clearly  identified  in  this  country. 
trigonus,  see  Trematodiscus  trigonus. 
trimlcatus,  see  Trematodiscus  trisulcatus. 
tyrans,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  a  tyrant.] 
versutus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  complicated.] 
winslouri,  see  Temnocheilus  winslowi. 
Oncockras,   Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  onkos,  a  swelling;  keras,   horn.] 
abruptum,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Wis., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  abrupt.] 
alceus,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.   of  Progr.  Wis., 

Chazy  &  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  my- 
thological name.] 
amator,   Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  a  lover.] 
clitus,    Billings,    1866,    Catal.   Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,  Niagara  Gr.       [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
constrictum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,   Black  Riv.   &  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig. 

constricted.] 
corydon,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,   Niagara  Gr.        [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
dilatatum,   Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  spread  out.] 
expansum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Coralline  Gr.     [Sig.  expanded.] 
futile,  Billings,   1866,   Catal.   Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig  a  water  jar, 

fusiform.] 
gibbosum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Medina  sandstone.  .  [Sig.  gibbous.] 
lycus,  Hall,  1861,   Rep.   of  Progr.   Wis.' 

Chazy  &  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
orcas,  Hall,  1861,  (Cyrtoceras  orcas)  Rep. 

of  Progr.  Geo.  Sur.  of  Wis.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ovoides,   Hall,   1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  egg-like.] 
pandion,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Wis., 

Chazy  &  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  my- 
thological name.] 
pettiti,   Billings,   1866,   Catal.    Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,   Niagara  Gr.        [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
plebeium,  Hall,   1861,   Geo.   Rep.    Wis., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  the  common  sort.] 
subrectum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  nearly  straight.  J 


CEPHALOPODA. 


173 


teucer,  Billings,   1866,   Catal.    Sil.   Fobs. 

Antic,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  mytholog- 
ical name.] 
thales,  Billings,   1866,   Catal.    Sil.   Fpss. 

Antic,   Niagara    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
Ormoceras,  Stokes,  1840,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc, 

2nd  series,  vol.  5.  [Ety.  ormos,  a  chain 

or  necklace ;    keras,   horn ;    from  the 

appearance  of  the  siphuncle.] 
backi,  Stokes,  1840,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc,  2nd 

series,    vol.    5,    Clinton    Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
bayfleldi,  Stokes,  1840,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc, 

2nd  series,  vol.  5,  Clinton  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
crebriseptum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  having  many 

septa.] 
(?)  gracile,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Black  Eiv.  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 
moniliforme,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  string  of 
heads.] 

remotiseptum,  Hall,  1850,  3rd  Reg.  Rep., 
Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  having  distant 
septa.] 

tenuifilum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  fine- 
lined.] 

tenuifilum  var.  distans,  Hall,  1847,  Pal. 
N.  Y,  vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
distant.] 

vertebratum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2,  Clinton  Gr.    [Sig.  like  a  back-bone.] 
whitii,  Stokes,   1840,    Trans.  Geo.    Soc, 

2nd  series,  vol.  5,  Clinton  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Ortiioceras,  Breynius,  1732,  Dissert.  Polyth. 

[Ety.  ortlws,  straight;   keras,  horn.] 
abnorme,    Hall,   1867,   20th    Reg.   Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.  out  of  the  usual 

order.] 
abruptum,   Hall,   1852,  Pal.  N.   Y.,  vol. 

2,   Clinton  Gr.      [Sig.   terminating 

suddenly.] 
acicula,  Hall,  1843,  4th  Dist.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Portage  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  needle.] 
aculeatum,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  armed 

with  a  sharp  point.] 
segea,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
sequalis,  Emmons,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  equal.] 
:  alienum,   Hall,   1867,  20th   Reg.  Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  another  sort.] 
allumettense,    Billings,    18  57,  Rep.    of 

Progr.,  Chazy  &  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
amplicameratum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig. 

large-chambered.  ] 
anax,  Billings,  1875,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

Corniferous  Gr.      [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 


angulatum,  (?)  Wahlenberg,  1821,  Nova. 

Acta.,  Niagara  Gr.     See  remarks  on 

this  species  by  Prof.  Hall  in  20th  Reg. 

Rep.  * 

anellum,  Conrad,  1843,  Proc  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  little  ring.] 
annulatum,  Sowerby,  1818,  Min.  Conch., 

vol.  2,  Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

ringed.] 
annulato-costatum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861, 

Proc  Acad.   Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Chester 

Gr.       [Ety.  annulatus,  ringed ;  costatus, 

ribbed.]    This  name  was  preoccupied 

by  Boll  in  1857. 
antenor,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
anticostiense,    Billings,    1857,    Rep.    of 

Progr.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
arcuatellum,  Winchell,  1862,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  2nd  series,  vol.  33,  Marshall  Gr. 

[Sig.  small  and  arched.] 
arcuoliratum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,   Black   Riv.   &  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

in  arched  ridges.] 
arenosum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Oriskany  sandstone.     [Sig.  sandy.] 
atticus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
autolycus,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
backi,  Stokes,  1840,  Geo.  Trans.,  2nd  ser., 

vol.  4,  Trenton  Gr.      See  Geo.   Sur. 

111.,  and  see  Ormoceras  backi. 
baculum,  Meek,  1860,  Proc  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,   Low.    Carb.      [Sig.    a    staff   or 

cudgel.] 
baculum,    Hall,    1862,     15th    Reg.    Rep., 

Schoharie  grit.    The   name  was  pre- 
occupied, 
balteatum,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  belted.] 
barquianum,  Winchell,  1862,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  2nd  series,  vol.  33,  Marshall  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
bebryx,  Hall,  1876,  Illust,  Devonian  Foss., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
becki,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  4,  Calciferous  Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
bellatulum,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.Foss. 

Antic,  Clinton  Gr.  [Sig.  pretty,  neat.] 
bilineatum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1> 

Chazy,  Black  Riv.,  Trenton  and  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  double-lined.] 
bilineatum  var.  a,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr. 
brongniarti,  Troost,  1838,  (Conotubularia 

brongniarti)  Mem.  Soc.  Geo.  de  France, 

3,  Low.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
brontes,   Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,   Niagara  Gr.       [Ety.   mytho- 
logical  name.] 
bucklandi,   Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Up.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


174 


CEPHALOPODA. 


bullatum,  (?)  Sowerby,  1839,  Murch.  Sil. 

Syst.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  puffed  up.] 

byrnesi,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,   Cin.    Quar. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.   2,  Cin'ti  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 

cadmus,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 

cameolare,  McChesney,  1861,  New  Pal. 
Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  (?).] 

canadense,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Mid.  Sil.  [Ety.  proper  name.]  Prof. 
Billings  proposed  this  name  as  a  sub- 
stitute for  Huronia  vertebralis  for  the 
reason  that  Huronia  is  a  syn.  for  Ortho- 
ceras,  and   there  is  one  O".  vertebralis. 

cancellatum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.  The  name  was  preoccu- 
pied by  Eichwald  in  1842. 

capitolinum,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  a  great  tower.] 

carleyi,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 
vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

catilina,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

cato,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

catullus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

chemungense,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

chesterense,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  St.  Genevieve  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

chouteauense,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chouteau  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

eincinnatiense,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,  Cin. 
Quar.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

clathratum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  cross-barred.] 

clavatum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Clinton  Gr.    [Sig.  club-shaped.] 

clavatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  The  name  was  ap- 
propriated. 

clinocameratum,  Winchell,  1862,  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.,  2d  series,  vol.  33,  Marshall 
Gr.  [Ety.  clino,  bent ;  cameratus, 
chambered.] 

clouei,  Barrande,  1869,  Syst.  Sil.  de  Boh., 
4me  series,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

colon,  White,  1874,  Rep.  Invert.  Foss., 
Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  colon,  the  great  in- 
testine.] 

columnare,  Hall,  1860,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Geo. 
Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  colum- 
nar.] The  name  was  preoccupied  bv 
Mark,  in  1857. 

eonstrictum,  Conrad,  1838,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  constricted.] 

constrictum,  Hall,  see  Oncoceras  con- 
strictum. 


coralliferum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Utica  and  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  bear- 
ing a  coral.] 

cornuum,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  a  horn.] 

crebescens,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  frequent,  increasing.] 

crebristriatum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Sig.  closely-striated.] 

cribrosum,  Geinitz,  1866,  Carb.  und  Dyas 
in  Neb.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  full  of  holes, 
like  a  seive.] 

crotalum,  Hall,  1862, 15th  Reg.  Rep.,Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  a  rattle.] 

crocus,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 

cuvieri,  Troost,  1838,  (Conotubularia 
cuvieri)  Mem.  Soc  Geo.  de  France  3, 
Low.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

darwini,  Billings,  1868,  Pal.  Foss.,  Guelph 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

decrescens,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Black  Riv.  and  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig. 
decreasing,  growing  lessj 

defrancii,  Troost,  1838,  (Conotubularia 
defrancei)  Mem.  Soc.  Geo.  de  France 

3,  Low.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
deparcum,   Billings,   1859,    Can.    Nat.   & 

Geo.,  vol.   4,    Calciferous  Gr.      [Sig. 

very  scarce.] 
diffidens,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Chazy 

Gr.     [Sig.  diffident.] 
dolatum,    Dawson,    1868,     Acad.    Geol., 

Carb.     [Sig.  hewed.] 
drummondi,    Billings,    1865,  Pal.    Foss., 

Chazv  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
duseri,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
dyeri,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,*Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
edax,  Billings,   1865,  Pal.   Foss.,   Calcif. 

Gr.     [Sig.  voracious.] 
elegantulum,  Dawson,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  4,  Low.  Sil.      [Sig.  elegant.] 
emaceratum,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  thin.] 
epigrus,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst, vol. 

4,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  a  wooden  pin.] 
eriense,  Hall,  1877.    The   name  is  pro 

posed  here    instead   of    0.    robustum. 

Ham.  Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
exile,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  small,  slender.] 
exornatum,  Dawson,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  5,  Up.  Sil.      [Sig.  adorned.] 
expansum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.   Phil.,   St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  spread  out.] 
explorator,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.      [Sig.  a  scout,  an  examiner.] 
ferum,   Billings,   1866,   Catal.   Sil.    Foss. 

Antic,   Hud.   Riv.    &    Anticosti    Gr. 

[Sig.  wild,  cruel.] 
rlavius,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


CEPHALOPODA. 


175 


foliatum,  syn.  for  Cyrtoceras  eugenium. 
formosum,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Trenton,   Hud.  Riv.  &  Anticosti  Gr. 

[Sig.  beautiful.] 
fosteri,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,  Cin.  Quar.Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
foxense,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn.    Not 

defined, 
fulgur,   Billings,   1866,   Catal.   Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  a  thunder 

bolt.] 
furtivum,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Calcif. 

Gr.     [Sig.  hard  to  find.l 
fusiforme,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Black   Riv.    and    Trenton   Gr.     [Sig. 

tapering  at  both  ends.] 
glaucus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Calcif- 

erous  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
goldfussi,    Troost,    1838,    (Conotubularia 

goldfussi)  Mem.  Soc.  Geo.  de  France 

3,  Low.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gracilius,   Winchell,     1862,    Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.    Sci.,    Portage    Gr.     [Sig.    more 

slender.] 
gregarium,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Wis., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  occuring  in  flocks 

or  masses.]    This  name  was  preoccu- 
pied bv  Sowerby  in  1839,  Murch.  Sil. 

Syst. 
hajsitans,   Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 
hageri,   Hall,   1861,   Geol.   of    Vermont, 

Calciferous  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
halli,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.       [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
harperi,   S.  A.Miller,   1875,   Cin.   Quar. 

Jour.   Sci.,   vol.   2,   Cin'ti  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
hastatum,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Black  Riv.   and  Trenton   Gr.      [Sig. 

formed  like  a  spear.] 
helderbergise,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
heterocinctum,    Winchell,     1863,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Kinderhook  Gr.  [Sig. 

irregularly  girdled.] 
hoyi,  McChesney,  1861,  New  Pal.  Foss., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
huronense,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hyas,   Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,  Scho- 
harie grit.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
imbricatum,  Sowerby,  1839,  Murch.  Sil. 

Syst.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  lapping  over.] 
indagator,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Cal- 
ciferous Gr.     [Sig.  a  diligent  hunter.] 
indianense,   Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
infelix,  Billings,   1866,    Catal.   Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  miserable, 

useless.] 
irreguktre,    McChesney,    1861,   New   Pal. 

Foss.,   Niagara  Gr.      The   name  was 

preoccupied,  and  is  a  syn.  for  O.  wood- 

worthi. 


jamesi,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,   Clinton   Gr.         [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
jolietense,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.  Sci.   Phil.,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
junceum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  rush-stem-like.] 
kickapooense,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  Acad. 

Sci.  St.  Louis,  vol.  1,  Up.  Permian  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
knoxense,    McChesney,  1860,   New  Pal. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Etv.  proper  name.] 
Imr,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N. 

Y.,    Onondaga    Gr.       [Sig.    smooth.] 

The  name  was  preoccupied  by  Flem- 
ing in  1825. 
lamarcki,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Calciferous  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
lamellosum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  in  thin  plates.] 
laphami,   McChesney,    1861,    New    Pal. 

Foss.,    Niagara    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
laqueatum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Calciferous    to    Trenton    Gr.       [Sig. 

adorned.] 
laqueatum  var.  a,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr. 
laqueatum,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.     The 

name  was  preoccupied, 
latiannulatum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton   Gr.      [Sig.  widely  annu- 

lated.] 
lineohium,   McChesney,   1861,   New    Pal. 

Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     The  name  was 

preoccupied  by  Phillips  in  1841. 
longicameratum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.    long- 
chambered.] 
loxias,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low. 

Sil.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
luxum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Schoharie  grit.     [Sig.  dislocated.] 
lyelli,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr.,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
magnisulcatum,  Billings,   1857,   Rep.    of 

Progr.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Sig.  deeply 

furrowed.] 
marcellense,  Vanuxem,   1842,  Geo.  Rep. 

N.Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
marginale,   Owen,   1840,   Rep.   on    Min. 

Lands,  Up.  Magnesian  Gr.    [Sig.  mar- 
gined.] 
maro,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
marshallense,  Winchell,  1862,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  2nd  series,  vol.  33,  Marshall  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
medon,  Billings,  1866,   Catal.   Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,    Clinton    Gr.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
medullare,   Hall,    1860,    Rep.   of    Progr. 

Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr.   [Sig.  like 

a  pith.] 


176 


CEPHALOPODA. 


meeki,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,  Cin.  Quar. 
Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

menelaus,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  Black 
Riv.  Gr.      [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

minganense,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Chazy  &  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

missisquoi,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

mohri,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 
Sci.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

molestum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  difficult.] 

moniliforme,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  necklace-like.] 

monilifwme,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  1,  Coal  Meas. 
The  name  was  preoccupied. 

montrealense,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat. 
&  Geo.,  vol.  4,  Calciferous  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

multicameratum,  Emmons,  1842,  Geo. 
Rep.  N.  Y.,  Birdseye  Gr.  .[Sig.  many- 
chambered.] 

multicinctum,  Hall,  1862, 15th  Reg.  Rep., 
Schoharie  grit.     [Sig.   many-banded.] 

multicinctum,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  [Sig.  many- 
banded.]  It  is  not  clear  which  of 
these  authors  is  entitled  to  his  name. 

multilineatum,  Emmons,  1842,  Geo.  Rep. 
N.  Y.,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  many-lined.] 

multiseptum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Medina  Gr.  [Sig.  having  many  di- 
visions.] 

murrayi.  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Black  Riv.  and  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

niagarense,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep., 
Niagara  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

nodocostum,  McChesney,  1861,  New  Pal. 
Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  nodus,  a  knot ; 
costa,  a  rib.] 

novamexicanum,  Marcou,  185S,  Geol. 
North  America,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

nummularium,  (?)  1839,  Murch.  Sil.  Syst., 
Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  like  a  coin.] 

nuntium,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep., 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  news,  a  messenger.] 

oberon,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  the  king 
of  fairies  in  Midsummer  Night's  Dream/] 

occidentale,  Swallow,  185  8,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.,  Permian 
Gr.     [Sig.  western.] 

occidentale,  Winchell,  1862,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
Marshall  Gr.  This  name  was  preoc- 
cupied. 

ommanei,  Salter,  1868,  Bigsby,  Thesaurus 
Siluricus,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

ordinatum,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Cal- 
ciferous Gr.    [Sig.  well  arranged.] 

ortoni,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 
Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 


ottawaense,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Black   Riv.   &  Trenton   Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
ozarkense,   Shumard,   18  6  3,  Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,    Calciferous   Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
pauciseptum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  having  few 

septa.] 
pelops,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Kep.,  Scho- 
harie grit.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
pelops  var.  ohioense,  Hall,  1876,    Illust. 

Devonian  Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
perannidatum,     Billings,     1857,    Rep.    of 

Progr.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.   This  name  was 

preoccupied  by  Portlock  in  1843.  The 

species  is  now  named  0.  crocus. 
perelegans,  Salter,  1848,  Mem.  Geo.  Sur. 

Gr.  Brit.,  vol.  2,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  very 

elegant.] 
perparvum,   Billings,    1862,    Pal.    Foss., 

Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
perseus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,    Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
persiphonatum,   Billings,  1857,   Rep.   of 

Progr.,  Mid.  Sil.      [Sig.  having  a  very 

large  siph  uncle.  ]   If  the  genus  Huronia 

is  valid,  this  species  will  belong  to  it. 
perstriatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  many-lined.] 
perstrictum,  Dawson,   1868,    Acad.  Geol., 

Carb.      [Sig.    very    much    banded.] 

The  name  was  preoccupied  by  Bar- 

rande. 
pertinax,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  persistent, 

constant.] 
pileolum,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Medina  Gr.   [Sig.  a  little  cap.] 
piscator,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  a  fisherman.] 
piso,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
planoconvexum,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr. 

Wis.,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety. 

planus,  flat,  plain;  convexus,  convex.] 
pressum,  Rogers,  1868,  Bigsby,  Thesaurus 

Siluricus,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  pressed.] 
priamus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,Quebec 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
primigenium,  Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Calciferous  Gr.     [Sig.  original, 

first  born.] 
procerus,    Hall,    1876,   Illust.   Devonian 

Foss.,  Schoharie  grit.     [Sig.  long.] 
profundum,  Hall,  1862,  15th   Reg.  Rep. 

N.Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  deep.] 
propinquum,  Billings,    185  7,    Rep.    of 

Progr.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  related  to.] 
punctostriatum,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  5,  Low.  Sil.      [Sig.   dotted 

and  striated.] 
pustulosum,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 

Peninsula  Mich.,   Ham.   Gr.     [Sig; 

covered  with  pustules.] 


CEPHALOPODA. 


177 


pylades,   Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.    Foss. 

Antic,    Niagara  Gr.       [Ety.   mytho- 
logical name.} 
python,   Billings,  1857,  Kep.  of  Progr., 

Trenton   Gr.      [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
rapax,  see  Endoceras  rapax. 
raptor,   Billings,    1866,   Catal.    Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,  Medina  Gr.     [iSig.  a  robber.] 
recedens,  Barrande,    1869,   Syst.    Sil.   de 

Boh.,   4me  ser.,   Quebec  Gr.       [Sig. 

receding.] 
rectiannulatum,   Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  1,  Chazy  &  Birdseye  Gr.     [Ety. 

rectus,  straight;   annulatus,  ringed.] 
recticameratum,  Hall,   1847,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.     1,    Birdseye    Gr.       [Ety.   rectus, 

straight;  cameratus,  chambered.] 
rectum,   Worthen,  1875,   Geo.   Sur.  111., 

vol.  6,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  straight.] 
remus,   Billings,   1866,   Catal.   Sil.   Foss. 

Antic.    Niagara    Gr.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
repens,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 

Gr.     [Sig.  creeping.] 
rdindatwm,  Phillips,  1836,   Geol.    York., 

Chemung  Gr.      Not  clearly  identified 

in  this  country, 
richardsoni,  Stokes,  1840,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc, 

2nd   series,    vol.   5,    Black   Riv.    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
rigidum,  Hall,   1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  rigid.] 
robustum,  Winchell,    1862,    Am.    Jour. 

Sci.,  2nd  series,  vol.  33,  Marshall  Gr. 

[Sig.  robust.] 
robustum,    Hall,    1876,    Illust.    Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.    The  name  was  pre- 
occupied.   See  0.  eriense. 
rotulatum,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  rounded.] 
rude,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  rude,  not  polished.] 
rudicula,  Hall,    1876,    Illust.    Devonian 

Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  spatula.] 
rushense,   McChesney,    1860,   New    Pal. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name] 
sayi,   Billings,   1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
scammoni,  McChesney,  1861,   New  Pal. 

Foss., Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
sedgwicki,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
selwyni,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,Guelph 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
servile,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 

Gr.     [Sig.  paltry.] 
shumardi,  Billings,   1859,  Can.  Nat.  and 

Geo.,  vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
sieboldi,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  and  Anticosti  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
simpsoni,  Billings,  1859,  Rep.  of  Progr. 

Assiniboine  &  Saskatchewan  Ex.  Exp., 

Silurian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
simulator,   Hall,    1876,   28th   Reg.    Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  an  imitator.] 


sordidum,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  and 
Geo.,  vol.  4,  Calciferous  Gr.  [Sig. 
coarse.] 

striatum,  (?)  Sowerby,  1812,  Min.  Conch., 
Devonian.     [Sig.  striated.] 

striatolineatum,  McChesney.  1861,  New 
Pal.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  ftriatw, 
striated ;  lineatus,  lined.]     Syn.  (?)  for 

0.  medullare. 

strigatum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  furrowed.] 

strix,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 
vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  channel.] 

subarcuatum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Chazy  Gr.     This  name  was  preoc- 
cupied by  Portlock  in  1843. 

subbaculum,  Worthen,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr.     N  >t  defined. 
subtextile,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  like 

net-work.] 
subulatum,   Hall,    1843,   4th   Dist.   Geo. 

Rep.   N.   Y.,   Marcellus  shale.     [Sig. 

awl-shaned.] 
tenerum,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  tender.] 
tenui-annulatum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  having 

slight  annulations.] 
tenuiseptum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Chazy  Gr.      [Sig.   having  slender 

partitions.] 
teretiforme,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  1, 

Trenton   Gr.     [Sig.   long,   round  and 

smooth.] 
tetricum,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.,Scho- 

harie  grit.     [Si*  rude,  rough.] 
textile,  Hall,  1847,   Pal.   N.   Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  woven,  like  a  web.] 
thoas,  Hall,  1862,15th  Reg.Rep., Schoharie 

grit.     [Kty.  mythological  name.] 
tityrus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
transversum,    S.    \.    Miller,   1875,    Cin. 

Quae.   Jour.   Sci.,  vol.   2,    Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Ety.  from  the  transverse  lines  on  the 

shell.] 
trentonense,  see  Cvrtoceras  trentonense. 
turbidum,  Half  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.    2,   Cin'ti    Gr.      [Sig.   dis- 
ordered.] 
typus,  Saemann,  as    identified  by  Hall, 

1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss.,  Marcellus 

shale.     [Sig  type  of  the  genus.] 
undulalum.,   Owen,    1840,   Rep.    on  Min. 

Landft  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  wavy.]  The 

name  was  preoccupied  by  Sowerby 

in  1812. 
undulostriatum,  Hall,  1847,   Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  wavy-lined.] 
unionense,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.    6,    Niagara    Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
varro,   Billings,    1866,    Catal.    Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,    Niagara    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name] 
velox,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Chazy 

Gr.     [Sig.  fitted  for  motion.] 


178 


CEPHALOPODA. 


vertebrate,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     This  name  was  preoc- 
cupied by  Schlotheim  in  1820,  and  by 

Eichwald  in  1840. 
veterator,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Cal- 

ciferous  Gr.     [Sig.  old.] 
vindobonense,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 

Carboniferous.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
virgatum,  (?)  Sowerbv,  1839,  Murch.  Sil. 

Syst.,  (Hall,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,)  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  rod-like.] 
virgulatum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  2, 

Clinton   &  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.   like  a 

small  rod.] 
vittatum,  Sandberger.     Not  American, 
vulgatum,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  common.] 
whitii,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.' 

Sci.,   Kinderhook   Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
winchelli,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Devonian.   [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
woodworthi,  McChesney,  1861,  New  Pal. 

Foss.,   Niagara  Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
xerxes,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
xiphias,  Billings,    1857,   Rep.   of  Progr., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  having  a  point  like 

a  sword.] 
Phragmoceras,  Broderip,  1839,  Murch.  Sil. 

Syst.      [Ety.  phragmos,    a    partition; 

keras,  a  horn.] 
byronense,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.    6,    Niagara    Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
ellipticum,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.  ellip- 
tical.] 
expansum,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Kinderhook  Gr.     [Sig.  ex- 
panded.] 
hector,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  Guelph 

Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
nestor,  Half,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
parvum,   Hall  &   Whitfield,   1875,   Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 
prsetnaturum,  Billings,  1866,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  5,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  premature.] 
spiniyci^m,  see  Gyroceras  spinosum. 
walshi,   Meek    &    Worthen,  1866,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Ham.  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.]  . 

Piloceras,  Salter,   1859,   Quar.  Psur.   Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  15.     [Ety.  pilum,  a  pounder 

or  pestle;  keras,  a  horn.] 
canadense,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  and 

Geol..  vol.   5,  Calciferous  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
gracile,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 

Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 
triton,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.   Foss.,  Quebec 

Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
wortheni,   Billings,  18«5,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


Polycroniles  haani,  Troost,  1840,  5th  Geo.  Rep. 

Tenn.,  Devonian.  Not  clearly  defined, 

but  probably  a  Gyroceras. 
Pteronautilus,  Meek,  1864,  Pal.  of  Up.  Mo. 

[Ety.  pteron,  a  wing ;  Nautilus,  a  genus 

of  shells.] 
seebachanus,  Geinitz,  (Nautilus  seebach- 

anus)    Carb.  und  Dyas,  Permian  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
S.erichxites,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic.     [Ety.  sairo,  to  show  the  teeth ; 

ichnos,  a  footstep.]    The  author  sup- 
posed the  tracks    might    have  been 

made  by  a  species  of  Cephalopoda, 
abruptus,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  from  the 

more  abrupt  termination  and  deeper 

impression  at  one  end  than  the  other.] 
Solenocheilus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  20.     [Ety. 

solen,  a  channel ;    cheilos,  a  lip.] 
capax,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  (Crypto- 

ceras  capax)   Proc.    Acad.    Nat.   Sci. 

Phil.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  large.] 
collectum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc- 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.   Phil.,   St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  gathered  together.] 
leidyi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  (Nautilus 

leidyi)   Proc.    Acad.    Nat.   Sci.    Phil., 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Spirula,  Lamarck,  1801,  Syst.  An.  sans  Vert. 
mortoni,  Troost,  1840, 5th  Geo.  Rep.  Tenn., 

Niagara  Gr.     Not  clearly  defined. 
Streptoceras,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic.      [Ety.  streptos,  twisted;   keras, 

horn.] 
heros,   Billings,   1866,   Catal.    Sil.    Foss. 

Antic,    Niagara  Gr.       [Ety.   mytho- 
logical  name.] 
janus,  Billings,  1866,   Catal.   Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,   Niagara  G  r  .       [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Temmocheilus,  McCoy,  1844,  Synop.    Carb. 

Foss.  Ireland.      [Ety.  temno,  I  divide; 

cheilos,  a  lip.] 
coxanum,  Meek  &  Worth  on,  1869,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  St.  Louis    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
latum,  Meek  &Worthen,1870,  Proc. Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  wide.] 
niotense,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.    Phil.,   Keokuk    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
peramplum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  (en- 

dolobus  peramplus)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.    Phil.,   Chester    Gr.       [Sig.  very 

large.] 
spectabile,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Nau- 
tilus spectabilis)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil.,  Chester  Gr.     [Sig.  showy,  worth 

seeing.] 
winslowi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,    Coal   Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 


V 


CEPHALOPODA. 


179 


Trematodiscus,    Meek    &    Worthen,    1861, 

Proc.    Acad.   Nat.   Sci.    Phil.      [Ety. 

trema,  a  hole;  diskos,  a  quoit.] 
altidorsalis,  Winchell,   1862,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.      [Sig.  high- 
backed.] 
discoidalis,   Winchell,   1862,    Am.   Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  33,  2d  series,  Marshall    Gr. 

[Sig.  discoidal.] 
meekanus,   Winchell,    1862,    Am.    Jour. 

Sci.,  2nd  series,  vol.  33,  Marshall  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
planidorsalis,  Winchell,  1862,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  2nd  series,  vol.  33,  Marshall  Gr. 

[Sig.  smooth-backed.] 
striatulus,   Winchell,  1862,  Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  2nd  series,  vol.  33,  Marshall 

Gr.     [Sig.  small-channeled.] 
strigatus,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Sig.  grooved.] 
trigonus,  Winchell,  1862,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

2nd  series,  vol.  33,  Marshall  Gr.     [Sig. 

three-cornered.] 
trisulcatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  three-furrowed.] 
Trochoceras,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  trochos,  a  hoop;   keras,  a  horn.] 

This  name  was  proposed  by  Barrande 

at  about  the  same  time, 
baeri,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.   Phil.,   Cin'ti  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
bannisteri,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865,  (Gy- 

roceras  bannisteri)   Mem.    Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 


clio,  Hall,  1861, 14th  Reg.  Rep.,  Schoharie 

grit.     [Etv.  mvthological  name.] 
costatum,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  of  Wis., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  ribbed.] 
desplainense,    McChesney,    186  0,   New 

Pal.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
discoideum,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep., 

Schoharie  grit.     [Sig.  disc-like.] 
eugenium,  Hall,  1861,    14th    Reg.   Rep., 

Schoharie  grit.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
gebhardi,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Coralline  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
incipiens,   Barrande,    1869,   Syst.  Sil.  de 

Boh.,    4me    ser.,    Quebec  Gr.      [Sig. 

beginning.] 
notum,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  well  known.] 
obliquatum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  bent.] 
pandion,    Hall,    1876,   Illust.    Devonian 

Foss.,  Schoharie  grit.      [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 
turbinatum,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2,  Coralline  Gr.     [Sig.  top-shaped.] 
waldronense,  Hall,  1876,  28th   Reg.  Rep. 

N.Y.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Trocholites,  Conrad,  1838,  Ann.  Geo.  Rep. 

N.  Y.      [Ety.  Irockos,  a  hoop;   lithos, 

stone.] 
ammonius,  Conrad,  1838,  Ann.  Geo.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Trenton,  Utica  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Ety.  mythological  name.] 
planorbiformis,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour. Acad. 

Xat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Utica  and  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.      [Sig.  like  a  shell  of  the  genus 

Planorbis.] 


CLASS    LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


FAMILY    AMBONYCHIIDJS.  —  Ambonychia,    Anomalodonta,    Eopteria,    Euchasma, 

Limoptera,  Mytilarca. 
FAMILY  ANATINIDiE. — Allorisma,  Amphicoelia,  Anatina,  Chsenomya,  Chsenocardia, 

Clinopistha,   Cuneamya,   Dexiobia,    Ilionia,    Leptodomus,    Promacrus,   Prothyris, 

Sedgwickia. 
FAMILY  ARCIDiE.  — Carbonarca,    Dystactella,    Macrodon,    Megalomus,    Megambonia, 

Ptychodesma,  Solenomya,  Tellinomya. 
FAMILY  AVICULIDiE. — Actinodesma,  Avicula,  Aviculopinna,  Bakevellia,   Entolium, 

Eucbondria,  Gervillia,   Inoceramus,    Leiopteris,   Monopteria,  Monotis,   Posidonia, 

Posidonomya,  Pseudomonotis. 
FAMILY  CARDIIDvE. — Cardiola,  Cardiopsis,  Cardium,  Conocardium,  Lunulacardium. 
FAMILY  CARDIOMORPHID^E.— Cardiomorpha,  Edmondia. 
FAMILY  CYPRINIDiE.— Astarte,    Astartella,    Cardinia,    Cleidophorus,    Cycloconcha, 

Cypricardella,     Cypricai'dia,    Cypricardinia,    Cypricardites,     Isocardia,    Matheria, 

Pleurophorus. 
FAMILY  CYTHERODONTID.E.— Cytherodon,  Schizodus. 
FAMILY  GRAMMYSIDyE.— Grammysia. 
FAMILY  LUC1NID,E.—  Axinus,  Lucina,  Paracyclas. 
FAMILY  MODIOMORPHID.E.— Goniopbora,  Modiomorpha. 
FAMILY  MYACIDJS.— Anthracoinya. 
FAMILY  MYTILID^E. — Anodontopsis,  Anthracoptera,  Lithopbaga,  Modiola,  Modiolop- 

sis,  Myalina,  Mytilus. 
FAMILY  NUCULIDiE.— Nucula,  Nuculana,  Nuculites,  Pyrenomceus,  Yoldia. 
FAMILY  NYASSID^.— Nyassa. 

FAMILY  ORTHONOTID^.-Orthodesma,  Orthonota. 
FAMILY  OSTREIDiE.— Lima,  Ostrea,  Placunopsis. 
FAMILY  PALANATINID.E.-Palanatina. 

FAMILY  PECriNIDiE.— Aviculopecten,  Lyriopecten,  Pernopecten,  Streblopteria. 
FAMILY  PHOLADELLID/E.— Cimitaria,  Palteoneilo,  Pholadella,  Phthonia. 
FAMILY  PINNIID^E.— Pinna,  Pinnopsis. 
FAMILY  PTERINIID/E.— Pterinea,  Pteronites,  Pteronitella.' 
FAMILY  SANGULNOLITILLE.—  Sanguinolites. 
FAMILY  SOLENID,E.— Solen,  Solenopsis. 
FAMILY  TELLINID,E.—  Sanguinolaria,  Tellinopsis. 
FAMILY  TRIGONIID^E.— Dolabra,  Iscbyrinia,  Lyrodesma. 
FAMILY  UNIONID^E.-Anthracosia. 


Actinodesma,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5. 

[Ety.  akin,  a  beam ;  desma,  a  ligament.  ] 
crueiforme,  Conrad,  1841,  (Avicula  cruci- 

formisi   Ann.  Rep.  N.    Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  cross-sbaped.] 
erectum,   Conrad,   1842,  (Avicula  erecta) 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  ScL,  vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  erect.] 


Allorisma,  King,  1844,  Ann.  Mag.  Nat. 
Hist.,  vol.  14.  [Ety.  alios,  variable; 
ereisma,  support,  expressive  of  the  va- 
riable nature  of  the  cartilage  support 
or  fulcrum.] 

altirostrata,  see  Sedgwickia  altirostrata. 

antiqua,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  ancient.] 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


181 


^   capax,   Newberry,   1861,   Ives'   Col.   Ex. 

Exped.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  capacious, 

large.] 
clavata,  McChesney,  1860,  New  Pal.  Foss., 

Chester  Gr.     [Sig.  club-shaped.] 
cooped,  see  Chsenomya  cooperi. 
costata,   Meek   &  Worth  en,    1869,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

ribbed.] 
cuneata,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,   Mid.   Coal   Meas.      [Sig. 

wedge-shaped.] 
curta,   Swallow,    1858,    Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Sig.  short.] 
elegans,   King,   as  identified  by  Geinitz. 

See  A.  geinitzi. 
ensiformis,    Swallow,   ^.860,     Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  in 

the  form  of  a  sword.] 
geinitzi,  Meek,  1S67,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol. 

44,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
granosa,   Shumard,    1858,    (Leptodomus 

granosus)  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  full  of  grains.] 
hannibalensis,   see   Grammysia  hannibal- 

ensis. 
hybrida,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  (Chae- 

nomya  hybrida)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  a  hybrid.] 
lanceolata,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.'St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Sig.  spear- 
shaped.] 
lata,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad. 

Sci.,  Mid.  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  broad.] 
leavenworthensis,   see    Chsenomya   leaven- 

worthensis. 
marionensis,    White,   1876,   Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
minnehaha,  see  Chsenomya  minnehaha. 
pleuropistha,   Meek,   1871,    Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.    Phil.,  Waverly  Gr.      [Ety. 

■pleuron,  the  side  ;  opisthe,  behind.] 
reflexa,  Meek,  1872,  Pal.  E.  Neb.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  turned  back.] 
sinuata,  McChesney,  1860,  New  Pal.  Foss., 

Chester  Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 
subcuneata,  Meek  &  Havd'en,  1858,  Proc. 

Acad.    Nat,   Sci.  Phil.,   Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  somewhat  wedge-shaped.] 
subelegans,   Meek,   1872,   Pal.   E.    Neb., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  somewhat  elegant.] 
terminalis,  Hall,  1852,  Stans.  Ex.  to  Gt, 

Salt  Lake,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  terminal.] 
ventricosa,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Waverly  Gr.     LSig.  bulging 

out.] 
winchelli,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,'  Waverly  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Amboxychia,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.   ambon,   the  boss  of    a    shield; 

onyx,  a  claw  or  talon.] 
acutirostra,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  acute-beaked.] 
alata,  see  Anomalodonta  alata. 
amygdalina,   see   Cypricardites    amygda- 

linus» 


aphsea,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
attenuata,  Hall,   1861,  Geo.   Rep.   Wis., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  diminished,  drawn 

out,] 
bellistriata,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

frenton  Gr.  [Sig.  beautifully  striated.] 
cancellosa,   Hall,   1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis., 

Trenton  Gr.      [Sig.   made  crosswise, 

like  net  work.] 
carinata,  Goldfuss,  1826,  (Pterinea  carin- 

ata)  Germ.  Petref.,  Trenton  &  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  keeled.] 
casii,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
costata,  James,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,   vol.  1, 

Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  ribbed.] 
erecta,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  erect,  straight.] 
illinoisensis,  Worthen,   1875,  Geo.  Rep. 

111.,  vol.  6,  Cin'ti  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
intermedia,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Galena  Gr.     [Sig.  in- 
termediate, between  .1.  bellistriata  and 

A.  radiata. 
lamellosa,   Hall,   1861,   Geo.   Rep.  Wis., 

Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  made  of  many  thin 

plates.] 
maxima,  Safford,  1869,  Geo.  of  Tenn.    Not 

defined, 
mytiloides,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Chazy  Gr.   [Sig.  resembling  a  Mytilus.~\ 
net  lecla,  see  Amphiecelia  neglecta. 
nitida,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,   Anticosti   Gr.        [Sig.  neat, 

pretty.] 
obtmu,  see  Cypricardites  obtusus. 
orbicularis,  Emmons,  1842,  (Pterinea  or- 
bicularis) Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Trenton 

Gr.     [Sig.  orb-shaped.] 
planistriata,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  plane-striated.] 
radiata,   Hall,  1847,   Pal.   N.  Y,   vol.  1, 

Trenton,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.   &  Mid.  Sil. 

[Sig.  radiated.] 
struecostata,  see  Pterinea  striaecostata. 
superba,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.   Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.      [Sig.   superb, 

large  and  fine.] 
swanana,   Safford,    1869,   Geo.   of    Tenn. 

Not  defined, 
undata,  Emmons,  1842,  (Pterinea  undata) 

Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton 

Gr.     [Sig.  wa\v.] 
Amphiccelia,   Hall,  1868,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.    [Ety.  amphi,  both  ;  koilos,  hollow.] 
costata,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  ribbed.] 
leidyi,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
neglecta,  McChesney,  1861,  (Ambonychia 

neglecta)  Pal.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 

neglected,  overlooked.] 
Anatina,  Lamarck,  1809,  Phil.  Zool.     [Ety. 

pertaining  to  the  duck,  or  like  the 

duck's  bill.] 


182 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


leda,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
sinuata,  see  Ilionia  sinuata. 
Anodontopsis,  McCoy,  1851,  Ann.  &  Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.,  2nd  series,  vol.  7.     [Ety. 

from  the  resemblance  to  the  shells  of 

the  genus  Anodonta.~\ 
(?)  milleri,    Meek,  1871,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

3rd  series,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
(?)  unionoides,   Meek,  1871,    Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  3rd  series,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Sig. 

like  a  Unio.~\   This  species  is  probably 

a  Modiolopsis. 
ventricosa,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Devonian.     [Sig.  bulging  out.] 
Anomalodonta,    S.    A.    Miller,    1874,   Cin. 

Quar.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  1.     [Sig.  anom- 
alous-toothed.] 
alata,  Meek,   1872,  (Ambonychia  alata) 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Sig.  winged.] 
gigantea,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar. 

Jour;   Sci.,   vol.    1,    Cin'ti  Gr.      [Sig. 

very  large.] 
Anthracomya,  Salter,  1861,  Mem.  Geo.  Sur. 

Gr,   Brit.     [Ety.   anthrax,  coal;    Mya, 

a  genus  of  shells.] 
angulata,  Dawson,  1860,  (Naiadites  angu- 

lata)    Acadian  Geology,    Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  from  the  angular  outline  of  the 

posterior  extremity.] 
arenacea,  Dawson,  1860,  (Naiadites  are- 

nacea)  Acadian  Geology,  Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  from  the  arenaceous  shale.] 
carbonaria,  Dawson,  1860,  (Naiadites  car- 

bonaria)  Acadian  Geology,  Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  from  the  Coal  Measures.] 
elongata,  Dawson,  1860,  (Naiadites  elon- 

gata)   Acadian  Geology,    Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  from  the  elongation  laterally.] 
lsevis,   Dawson,   1860,    (Naiadites  lsevis) 

Acadian  Geology,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

smooth.] 
obtusa,  Dawson,  1860,  (Naiadites  obtusa) 

Acadian  Geology,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

from  the  obtuse  anterior  end.] 
ovalis,  Dawson,  1860,  (Naiadites  ovalis) 

Acadian  Geology,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

oval.] 
Anthracoptera,  Salter,   1862,    Mem.   Geo. 

Sur.  Gr.  Brit.      [Ety.   anthrax,  coal; 

pteron,  a  wing.] 
carbonaria,  see  Anthracomya  carbonaria. 
fragilis,   Meek   &  Worthen,   1866,   Proc. 

Chi.   Acad.   Sci.,   Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig. 

easily  broken.] 
hems,  see  Anthracomya  lsevis. 
Area,  Linne,  1758.     This  genus  is  unknown 

in  the  palaeozoic  rocks. 
carbonaria,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol. 

3.  See  Macrodon  carbonarius. 
cuspidata,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,    Up.    Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 
pointed.] 
modesta,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,    Chemung    Gr.       [Sig.    modest, 
small.] 


striata,     Schlotheim,     as    identified     by 

Geinitz,  is  Macrodon  tenuistriatus. 
punctifera,    Dawson,    1868,   Acad.    Geol., 

Carb.    [Sig.  bearing  dots.]    The  name 

was  preoccupied  by  Deshayes  in  his 

work,  1824-1836. 
Anthracosia,  King,  1844,  in  Mag.  Nat.  Hist. 

[Ety.  anthrax,  coal.] 
bradorica,   Dawson,    1868.   Acad.   Geol., 

Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Astarte,  Sowerby,  1818,  Min.  Conch.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  mythological  name.] 
mortonensis,    Geinitz,   1866,    Carb.    und 

Dyas    in    Neb.,    Coal    Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
nebrascensis,   Geinitz,   1866,    Carb.   und 

Dyas    in    I^b.,   Coal   Meas.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
sublextilis,  see   Cardiomorpha  subtextilis. 
Astartella,  Hall,   1858,   Geo.   Rep.   Iowa. 

[Ety.  diminutive  of  Astarte.'] 
concentrica,  McChesney,  1860,(Edmondia 

concentrica)  Descr.   New  Pal.   Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  from  the  concentric 

wrinkles  or  folds.] 
newberryi,  Meek,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
varica,  McChesney,  1860,  Descr.  New  Pal. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  straddling.] 
vera,  Hall,  1858,   Geo.  Rep.   Iowa,   Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  true,  genuine.] 
Avicula,  Klein,  1753,  Ostrac.     [Ety.  avicula, 

a  little  bird.] 
acanthoptera,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th 

Dist.   N.    Y.,    Chemung    Gr.      [Ety. 

akantha,  a  spine ;  pteron,  a  wing.] 
acosta,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  without  ribs.]    The 

correct  etymology  would  make  this 

word  incosta. 
seqwUatera,  see  Aviculopecten  sequilaterus. 
sequiradiata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  having  equal 

radiating  striae.] 
sesopus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.   8,   Up.   Sil.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
angustirostra,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.    Sci.,    Up.    Sil.      [Sig.    narrow- 
beaked.] 
antiqua,  see  Bakevellia  antiqua. 
armaria.    Not  American, 
aviformis,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Low.  Sil.     [Sig.  bird-like:'] 
bella,   Conrad,   1841,   Ann.   Rep.  N.  Y., 

Devonian.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
bellula,   Hall,  1859,   Pal.   N.   Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.   [Sig.  quite  beautiful.] 
boydi,  see  Pterinea  boydi. 
chemungensis,  see  Pterinea  chemungensis. 
circulus,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep.  Mo., 

Kinderhook  Gr.     [Sig.  a  circle.] 
communis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  a  common  form.] 
cooperensis,  see  Entolium  cooperense. 
corrugata,  James,  1874,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Sig.  wrinkled.] 
cruciformis,  see  Actinodesma  truciforme. 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


183 


custa,  (a  misprint)  see  Eumicrotis  curta. 
damnoniensis,   Sowerby,   as  identified    in 

the  early  N.  Y.  Reports,  see  Pteronites 

chemungensis. 
decussata,  Hall,   1843,  see  Pteronites  de- 

cussatus.    Not  Minister,  1834. 
demissa,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  hang- 
ing down.] 
desquamata,  see  Obolella  desquamata. 
elliptica,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  elliptical.] 
emacerata,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Clinton   &  Niagara  Gr.       [Sig. 

made  thin.] 
erecta,  see  Actinodesma  erecta. 
ferruginea,  Conrad,  1848,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  3,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  rusty.] 
flabella,  see  Pterinea  flabellum. 
fragilis,  see  Aviculopecten   fragilis.     The 

name  was  preoccupied  bv  DeFrance. 

"     rdi,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann."  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Oriskany    sandstone.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
hermione,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton    Gr.       [Ety.     mythological 

name.] 
honeymani,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
insueta,  Emmons,  1842,  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Hud.  Riv.  and   Cin'ti   Gr.     [Sig.   un- 
usual.] 
1-sevis,  see  Pteronites  leevis. 
leptonota,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Disk 

N.  Y.,  Clinton  Gr.      [Ety.  leptos,  slen- 
der; notos,  back.] 
limiformis,   Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Coralline  limestone.    [Sig.  resembling 

the  genus  Lima.] 
longa,    Geinitz,    1866,    (Gervillia    longa) 

Carb.  und  Dyas  in  Neb.,  Coal   Meas. 

[Sig.  long.] 
longispina,  see  Pterinea  longispina. 
magna,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.   Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  large.] 
manticula,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,   Low.   Held.   Gr.     [Sig.  a 

little  wallet.] 
morganensis,    Meek  &   Worthen,    1866, 

(Pterinea  morganensis)   Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,   Coal   Meas.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
multilineata,  Conrad,  1842,   Jour.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig. 

many-lined.] 
muricata,  see  Pteronites  muricatus. 
naviformis,    Conrad,    1842,   Jour.    Acad. 

Nat,  Sci.,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  boat- 
shaped.] 
obliquata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.   oblique,  slant- 
ing.] 
oblonga,  see  Aviculopecten  oblongus. 
obscura,    Hall,   1859,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  obscure.] 
orbicularis,  Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour.   Sci., 

vol,  25,  2d  ser.,Coal  Meas.     The  name 

was  preoccupied  by  Sowerby  in  1839. 


orbicidata,  Hall,  1843,  see  Lyriopecten  or- 
bicularis. 

orbiculata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.  orbicular.] 

parilis,  see  Aviculopecten  parilis. 

pauciradiata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  few-rayed.] 

pectiniformis,  see  Aviculopecten  pectini- 
formis. 

perobliqua,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  very 
oblique.] 

pleuroptera,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  side- 
winged.] 

protexta,  see  Pterinea  protexta. 

quadnda,  see  Pterinea  quadruln. 

rectalaterarea,  see  Aviculopecten  rectila- 
terarius. 

recticosta,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Oriskany  sandstone.  [Sig.  having 
straight  cos  tee.] 

rhomboidea,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
2,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  lozenge-shaped.] 

rugosa,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Geo.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Water  Lime  Gr.  The  name  was 
preoccupied  by  Munster  in  1826. 

scoharise,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

securiformis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2,  Coralline    limestone.      [Sig.    axe- 
shaped.] 

securiformis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3. 

This  name  was  preoccupied, 
semielliptica,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.   Sci.,   Up.   Coal    Meas. 

[Sig.  half-elliptical.] 
shawneensis,   Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,   Up.   Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
shumardi,  see  Entolium  shumardi. 
signata,  see  Aviculopecten  signatus. 
speciosa,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Portage  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
spinigera,  see  Pteronites  spinigerus. 
spinulifera,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  bearing  spines.] 
subaequilatera,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.   Gr.      [Sig.   somewhat 
equal-sided.] 

subfalcata,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
somewhat  sickle- shaped.] 

subplana,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  flat.] 

subquadrans,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Up.  Sil.  [Sig.  some- 
what squared.] 

mbrecta,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Corralline  limestone.  See  Pterinea 
subrecta, 

subrecta,  Hall,  1852.  See  Aviculopecten 
subrecta. 

sulcata,  Geinitz,  1866,  (Gervillia  sulcata) 
Carb.  und  Dyas  in  Neb.,  Coal  Meas. 
If  this  form  is  properly  referred  to  the 
genus  Avicula,  then  the  name  was 
preoccupied  by  Reuss  in  1843. 


184 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


tenuilamellata,   Hall,   1859,   Pal.   N.  Y., 

vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  very  thin- 
plated.] 
textilis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  woven.] 
textilis  var.  arenaria,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N. 

Y.,  vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  sandy.] 
trentonensis,  Conrad,  1842,   Jour.   Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,  vol.  8,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
tricostata,  Yanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  Pep.  N. 

Y.,  Chemung  Gr.    [Sig.  three-ribbed.] 
trilobata,  Conrad.  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Up.  Sil.  [Sig.  three-lobed.] 
triplistriata,   Stevens,    1858,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  three- 
lined.] 
triquetra,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.   Rep.   N.  Y., 

Onondaga  Gr.       [Sig.   a  triangle    or 

three-cornered  figure.] 
triradiata,  Conrad,  1842,    Geo.  Rep.  3rd 

Dist.  N.  Y.,  Portage  Gr.     [Sig.  three- 
plicated.] 
tuberculata,  .Conrad,  1838,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,   Corniferous  Gr.       [Sig.  tubercu- 

lated.] 
umbonata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.   Held.  Gr.     [Sig.   protuberant.] 
undata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.   N.   Y.,   vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 
welchi,  James,  1874,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
whitii,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat, 

Sci.,   Chemung  Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
Aviculopecten,   McCoy,    1851,   Ann.   Mag. 

Nat.   Hist,   2nd  series,  vol.  7.     [Ety. 

Aviculopecten,  from  the  resemblance  to 

the  shells  of  the  genera  Avicula  and 

Pecten.] 
acadicus,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Carb. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
acutialatus,  Swallow,  1858,  (Avicula  acu- 

tialata)    Trans.  St.  Louis   Acad.  Sci., 

Permian  Gr.     [Sig.  sharp-winged.] 
eequilaterus,  Hall,  1843,  (Avicula  sequila- 

tera)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.  and  Marcellus  shale.     [Sig. 

equal-sided.] 
amplus,   Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,   Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.    Phil.,    Keokuk  Gr. 
■  [Sig.  full,  large.] 
armigerus,  Harlan,  1835,  (Pecten  armige- 

rus)   Trans.    Geo.    Soc.   Penn.,   Carb. 

[Sig.  armed.] 
aviculatus,  Swallow,  1858,  (Pecten  avicu- 

latus)  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal 

Meas.  [Sig.  spread  out  like  an  Avicula.'] 
burlingtonensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
cancellatus,  Hall,  1843,   (Pecten  cancel- 

latus)   Geo.  Rep.    4th    Dist.    N.    Y., 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  cancellated.] 
carboniferus,  Stevens,  1858,  (Pecten  car- 

boniferus)  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts,  Coal 

Meas.    [Sig.  from  the  coal  formation.] 


caroli,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,    Chemung    Gr.        [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
clevelandicus,    Swallow,    1858,     (Pecten 

clevelandicus)  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad. 

Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
coloradoensis,  Newberry,  1861,  Ives'  Col. 

Ex.  Exped.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
convexus,  Hall,  1843,  (Pecten  convexus) 

Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist".  N.  Y.,  Chemung 

Gr.     [Sig.  convex.] 
cora,  Dawson,   1868,   Acad.  Geol.,  Carb. 

[Ety.  mythological  name.] 
coreyanus,    White,    1874,    Rep.    Invert. 

Foss.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
coxanus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,    Coal    Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
crassicostatus,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Beg.  Rep., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  thick-ribbed.] 
crenistriatus,    Meek,   1871,    Proc.  Acad. 

'Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,   Waverly  Gr.      [Sig. 

having  crenulated  strise.] 
debertanus,   Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 

Carboniferous.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
dolabriformis,   Hall,  1843,    (Pecten   (?) 

dolabriformis)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N. 

Y.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  resembling 

a  mattock  or  pick  axe.] 
duplicatus,  Hall,  1843,  (Pecten  duplicatus) 

Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung 

Gr.        [Sig.  doubled,  folded  in  two.] 
fra<rilis,   Hall,    1843,    (Avicula  fragilis) 

Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Genessee 

slate.     [Sig.  frail,  easily  broken.] 
glnber,  see  Pernopecten  glaber. 
gradicostus,   White,    1862,   Proc.  Bost, 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Chemung  Gr. 

[Sig.  ribbed  in  steps.] 
halli,  Swallow,1860,  (Avicula  halli)  Trans. 

St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
hertzeri,  Meek,  1875,   Ohio   Pal.,  vol.  2, 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
indianensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,    Keokuk    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
intercostalis,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 

Peninsula  Mich.,   Ham.   Gr.      [Sig. 

lined  between  costse.] 
interlineatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1860, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Low.  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  interlined.] 
konincki,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,    Coal    Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
limaformie,  see  Pernopecten  limiformis. 
lyel'li,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Carb. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
maccoyi,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1865,  Pal.,Up. 

Mo.,  Permian  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
missouriensis,    Shumard,    1855,    (Pecten 

missouriensis)  Geo.  Rep.  Mo.,  St.  Louis 

Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
neglectus,  Geinitz,  1866,  (Pecten  neglec- 

tus)  Carb.   und  Dyas  in  Neb.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  overlooked.] 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


185 


oblongus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Avic- 
ula  oblonga)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 
Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig.  oblong.] 
occidentalis,  Shumard,  1855,  (Pecten  oc- 
cidentalis)  Geo.  Rep.  Mo.,  Carbonifer- 
ous &  Permian.     [Sig.  western.] 

occidentalis,  Wincbell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  This  name 
was  preoccupied. 

orbicidatus,  see  Lyriopecten  orbiculatus. 

oweni,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

parilis,  Conrad,  1842,  (Avicula  parilis) 
Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  8, 
Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig.  equal,  like.] 

pecteniformis,  Conrad,  1842,  (Avicula 
pecteniformis)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
vol.  8,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  and  Marcellus 
shale.     [Sig.  like  a  Pecten.] 

pellucidus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig 
clear,  transparent] 

princeps,  Conrad,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  prin- 
cipal.] 

providencensis.  Cox,  1857,  (Pecten  pro- 
videncensis)  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3, 
Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

rectilaterarius,  Cox,  1857,  (Avicula  rec- 
talaterarea)  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3, 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  straight-sided.] 

reticulatus,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 
Carboniferous.     [Sig.  reticulated.] 

ringens,  Swallow,  1858,  (Pecten  ringens) 
Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian 
Gr.     [Sig.  gaping.] 

rugfestriatus,  Hall,  1843,  (Lima  rugse- 
striata)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y., 
Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  having  wrinkled 
strise.] 

sanduskyensis,  syn.  for  Aviculopecten  par- 
ilis. 

signatus.  Hall,  1843,  (Avicula  signata) 
Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung 
Gr.     [Sig.  marked.] 

simplex,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Car- 
boniferous.    [Sig.  simple.] 

striatus,  Hall,  1843,  (Pecten  striatus)  Geo. 
Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr. 
[Sig.  striated.] 

suborbicularis,  Hall,  1843,  (Pterinea  sub- 
orbicularis)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y., 
Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  orbic- 
ular.] 

subrectus,Conrad, 1841, (Avicula  subrecta) 
Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Coralline  limestone. 
[Sig.  somewhat-straight.] 

tenuicostus,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  slender- 
ribbed.] 

undulatus,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  5, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 

unionensis,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  6,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 


utahensis,  Meek,  1860,  (Pecten  utahensis) 
Proc.   Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
whitei,  Meek,  1872,   Pal.   E.   Neb.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
williamsi,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,   Chouteau  limestone.     [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
winchelli,  Meek,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 
Waverly  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Aviculopinna,  Meek,  1867,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
vol.  44.     [Ety.  from  the  resemblance 
to  the  genera  Avicula  and  Pinna.'] 
americana,  Meek,   1867,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
vol.  44,    Coal    Meas.      [Ety.   proper 
name.] 
Axinus,  Sowerby,  1821,  Min.  Conch.,  vol.  3. 
[Ety.  axine,  battle-axe.]     This  genus 
is  unknown  in  palaeozoic  rocks. 
ovatus,  see  Schizodus  ovatus. 
securis,  Shumard,  1859,  Trans.  St.  Louia 
Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Sig.  axe  or 
hatchet-shaped.] 
Bakevellia,  King,  1849,  Perm.  Fobs.     [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
antiqua,  Munster,  1826,  (Avicula  antiqua) 
GoldfussGerm.Petref.   Not  American, 
parva,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1858,  Trans.  Alb. 
Inst.,  vol.  4,  Permian  Gr.  [Sig.  small.] 
(?)  pulchra,  Swallow,    1858,    Trans.    St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Sig. 
beautiful.] 
Cabbonarca,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 
Acad.   Nat.   Sci.   Phil.      [Ety.  carbo, 
coal;    Area,  a  genus  of   shells;   from 
the  minute  teeth  on  the  cardinal  mar- 
gin, as  in  Area.] 
gibbosa,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
gibbous.] 
Cardinia,   Agassiz,   1838,   in  Societ.   Basil. 
[Ety.  cardo,  the  hinge  of  a  door.] 
sequimarginalis,    Winchell,    1862,    Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall   Gr.     [Sig. 
equal-margined.] 
antigonesensis,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.Geo., 

Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
complanata,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Portage  Gr.  [Sig.  smoothed.] 
concentrica,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall   Gr.      [Sig.   con- 
centric] 
cordata,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Sig.  heart- 
like.] 
(?)  fragilis,  Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol. 
3,    Coal    Meas.       [Sig.    frail,    easily 
broken.] 
occidentalis,  Swallow,   1860,   Trans.    St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.    [Sig. 
western.] 
subangulata,  Swallow,   1858,   Trans.   St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.    [Sig. 
somewhat  angular.] 
subangidata,  Dawson,  1868,   Acad.  Geol 
This  name  was  preoccupied. 


186 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


Cardiola,  Broderip,  1834,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc. 


[Ety.  kardia,  the  heart.] 
ckl 


lincklaeni,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

radians,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  radiated.] 

speciosa,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  5, 
Genessee  slate.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

ventricosa,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice 
Lam.  shells,  Goniatite  limestone.  [Sig. 
ventricose.] 

vetusta,  Hall,  1843,  (Cardium  vetustum) 
Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Portage  Gr. 
[Sig.  ancient.] 
Cardiomorpha,  DeKoninck,  1844,  Anim. 
Foss.  Carb.  Belg.  [Ety.  kardia,  heart; 
morphe,  form.] 

archiacana,  Koninck,  1843,  Desc.  An. 
Foss.  Belg.,  Carboniferous.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

bellatula,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  small  and 
beautiful.] 

capuloides,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  [Sig.  resem- 
bling a  shell  of  the  genus  Capulus.} 

eriopia,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice.  Lam. 
shells,  Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  mytho.  name.] 

julia,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

kansasensis,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

missouriensis,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

modiolaris,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  [Sig.  like  a 
shell  of  the  genus  Modiola.~\ 

(?)  obliquata,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig.  ob- 
lique, slanting.] 

ovata,  see  Dexiobia  ovata. 

parvirostris,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist,  vol.  8,  Kinderhook  Gr. 
[Sig.  small-beaked.] 

radiata,  see  Cardiopsis  radiata. 

(?)  rhomboidea,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep. 
Iowa,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  Kinderhook  Gr. 
See  Cardiomorpha  subrhomboidea. 

(?)  rhomboidea,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Sig. 
rhomboidal.] 

subglobosa,  Meek,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 
Waverly  Gr.   [Sig.  somewhat  globose.] 

suborbicularis,  Hall,  1840,(Ungufina  sub- 
orbicularis)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y., 
PortageGr.  [Sig.  somewhat  orbicular.] 

subrhomboidea,  Hall,  1877,  (Proposed 
instead  of  Cypricardites  rhomboidea, 
in  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  which  was  preoc- 
cupied) Kinderhook  Gr.  [Sig.  some- 
what rhomb-like.] 

subtextilis,  Hall,  1843,  (Astarte  subtex- 
tilis)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Port- 
age Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  woven.] 

textilis,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  5, 
Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  woven.] 


triangulata,  Swallow,   1860,   Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig. 

three-cornered,  triangular.] 
trigonalis,   Winchell,    1863,   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.    Sci.,   Chemung.   Gr.      [Sig.   tri- 
angular.] 
(?)  vetusta,  see  Cypricardites  vetustus. 
vindobonensis,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 

Carboniferous.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Cardiopsis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1861,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.   Phil.      [Ety.  kardia, 

the  heart;  mm,  appearance.] 
•  crassieostata,  Hall,  1873,  24th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Schoharie  grit  and  Corniferous 

limestone.     [Sig.  thick-ribbed.] 
crenistriata,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Sig.  having 

wrinkled  striae.  ] 
jejuna,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.       [Sig.  poor,  con- 
temptible.] 
megambonata,     Winchell,     1862,     Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.      [Sig. 

having  a  great  umbone.] 
parvirostris,  White,  1862,  Proc.  Bost.Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Chemung  Gr.    [Sig. 

small-beaked.] 
radiata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Cardi- 
omorpha radiata)    Proc.   Acad.    Nat. 

Sci.   Phil.,    Kinderhook   Gr.       [Ety. 

from  radiating  strise.] 
robusta,  Hall,   1877,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Schoharie  grit  and  Portage  Gr.     [Sig. 

robust.] 
Cardium,  Linnaeus,    1758,   Syst.   Nat.,   10th 

Ed.     [Ety.  kardia,  the  heart.] 
iowensis,  see  Cypricardites  iowensis. 
lexingtonense,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.   Sci.,    Mid.    Coal   Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
napoleonense,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
(?)  vetustum,  see  Cardiola  vetusta. 
Ch^enocardia,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869, Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.   [Ety.  chaino,  to  gape ; 

kardia,  the  heart.] 
ovata,   Meek    &    Worthen,    1869,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

ovate.] 
Chjenomya,  Meek,   1864,  Pal.   of  Up.   Mo. 

[Ety.  chaino,  to  open  or  gape  ;  Mya,  a 

genus  of  shells.] 
cooperi,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1858,  (Panopsea 

cooperi)  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  Coal 

Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hybnda,  see  Allorisma  hybrida. 
leaven worthensis,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1858, 

(Allorisma    leavenworthensis)    Proc. 

Acad.    Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,   Coal    Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
minnehaha,  Swallow,  1858,  (Allorisma  (?) 

minnehaha)  Trans.    St.   Louis   Acad. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
rhomboidea,    Meek    &    Worthen,    1865, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  St.  Louis 

Gr.      [Sig.    rhomboidal  —  lozenge- 
shaped.] 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


187 


Cimitaria,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam, 
shells.  [Ety.  from  resemblance  to  a 
Cimitar.] 

corrugata,   Conrad,   1842,    (Cypricardites 
corrugata)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.   Sci.,  vol. 
8,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  corrugated.] 
elongata,    Conrad,    1841,    (Cypricardites 
elongatus)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Sig.  elongated.] 
recurva,  Conrad,  1842,  (Cypricardites  re- 
curva)  Jour.   Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,  vol.  8, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  recurved.] 
Cleidophokus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 
[Ety.  kleidos,  a  clavicle  ;  phoros,  bear- 
ing ;  in  allusion  to  the  depression  on 
the  side  of  the  cast,  anterior  to  the 
beak,  indicating  an  interior  ridge  in 
each  valve.] 
concentricus,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Low.  Sit     [Sig.   marked  with 
concentric  lines.] 
concentricus,  Dawson,   1868.     The    name 

was  preoccupied, 
cuneatus,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Low.  Sil.     [Sig.  wedge-shaped.] 
elongatus,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Low.  Sil.     [Sig.  elongated.] 
erectus,   Hall,   1860,   Can.   Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  erect.] 
erectus,   Dawson,   1868.     The  name  was 

preoccupied. 

fabula,  Hall,  1845,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts, 

vol.    43,    (Nucula  fabula)    Cin'ti   Gr. 

[Sig.  a  little  bean.] 

macclwsneyanus,  syn.  for  Modiolopsis  recta. 

neglectus,   Hall,   18«2,   Geo.   Rep.  Wis., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  overlooked.] 
nuculiformis,  Hall,  1860,Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  like  a  shell  of 
the  genus  Nuctda.] 
oblongus,   Hall,  1843,  (Nucula  oblonga) 
Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Sig.  oblong.] 
planulatus,    Conrad,    1841,    (Nuculites 
planulatus)   Ann.   Rep.   N.  Y.,   Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sjg.  flattened.] 
semiradiatus,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Low.  Sil.     [Sig.  half-rayed.] 
solenoides,  see  Solenopsis  solenoides. 
subovatus,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Low.  Sil.  [Sig.  somewhat  ovate.] 
Clixopistha,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,   Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.   Phil.     [Ety.    klino,  I 
lean ;  opisihe,  backwards.] 
antiqua,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 
Phil.,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
kevis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,    Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 
smooth.] 
radiata,  Hall,  1858,    (Edmondia  radiata) 
Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  ra- 
diated.] 
Conocardium,  Bronn,  1835,  Leth.  Geo.  [Ety. 
konos,  a  cone;  kardia,  the  heart.] 
acadianum,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Carb. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
sequilaterale,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst, 
vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  equal-sided,  j 


attenuatum,  Conrad,  1842,  (Pleurorhyn- 

chus  attenuatus)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.Sci., 

vol.  8,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  drawn  out.] 
bifarium,  Winchell,  1856,  Rep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  double.] 
blumenbachium,    see   Euchasma  blumen- 

bachi. 
carinatum,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  keeled.] 
catastomum,  Hall,  1858,  Trans. Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.      [Sig.  gaping  at 

the  lower  end.] 
crassifrons,   Conrad,   1842,    (Pleurorhyn- 

chus  crassifrons)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.Sci., 

vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  thick  front.] 
cuneatum,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.    4,   Warsaw    Gr.      [Sig.    wedge- 
shaped.] 
cuneus,   Conrad,  1840,  (Pleurorhynchus 

cuneus)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Up.  Held. 

Gr.     [Sig.  a  wedge.] 
eboraceum,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  Eboracum,  York.] 
elegantulum,   Billings,   1866,    Catal.   Sil. 

Foss.  Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.   [Sig.  quite 

handsome.] 
emmetense,  Winchell,   1866,  Rep.  Low. 

Peninsula  Mich.,    Ham.   Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
immaturum,   Billings,    1862,   Pal.   Foss., 

vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  immature.] 
inceptum,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  a  beginning.] 
meekanum,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4, Warsaw  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
niagarense,    Winchell  &  Marcy,   1865, 

Mem.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
obliquum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

oblique,  slanting.] 
ohioense,  Meek,   1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.   Phil.,   Corniferous  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.]  . 

ornatum,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865,  Mem. 

Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 

adorned.] 
prattenanum,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.   Alb. 

Inst.,  vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
trigonale,  Hall,  1843, (Pleurorhynchus  tri- 

gonalis)   Geo.   Rep.  4th  Dist.   N.  Y., 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  triangular.] 
ventricosum,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  ventricose.] 
vomer,    Conrad,    1842,  (Pleurorhynchus 
vomer)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8, 

Devonian.     [Sig.  a  plough-share.] 
Ctenodonta,  Salter,  1851.   Syn.  for  Tellinomya. 
abrupta,  see  Tellinomya  abrupta. 
angela,  see  Tellinomya  angela. 
astartiformis,  see  Tellinomya  astartiformis. 
contracta,  see  Tellinomya  contracta. 
gibberula,  see  Tellinomya  gibberula. 
hartsvillensis,  see  Tellinomya  hartsvillensis. 
hubbardi,  syn.  for  Nuculites  sulcatinus. 
iphigenia,  see  Tellinomya  iphigenia. 
logani,  see  Tellinomya  logani. 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


Cucullza,  Lamarck,  1801,  Syst.   An.     [Ety. 

Cucullus,  a  hood.] 
opima,  syn.  for  Nucula  lirata. 
Cuneamya,  Hall  &  Whitfield,    1875,    Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2.    [Ety.  cuneus,  a  wedge ; 

Mva,  a  genus  of  shells.] 
miamiensis,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
scapha,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Sig.  a  skiff  or  boat] 
Cvcloconcha,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  1.      [Ety.   in   allusion 

to    the  nearly    circular  form  of  the 

shell.] 
mediocardinalis,  S.  A.  Miller,   1874,  Cin. 

Quar.   Jour.   Sci.,   vol.   1,   Cin'ti    Gr. 

[Ety.  in  allusion  to  the  position  of  the 

cardinal  teeth  near  the  middle  of  the 

hinge  line.] 
Cypbicardia,  Lamarck,  1801,  Syst.  An.  sans 

Vert.        [Ety.    from  the  two  genera 

Oyprina  and  Cardium.} 
aiata,  see  Modiomorpha  alata. 
angusta,  see  Cypricardites  angustus. 
angustata,  see  Cypricardites  angustatus. 
chouteauensis,  Swallow,  18(53,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
contracts,  see  Cypricardites  contractus, 
indianensis,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst, 

vol.   4,   Warsaw  Gr.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
insecta,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Car- 
boniferous.    [Sig.  cut  into.] 
leidyi,  Lea,  see  Leaia  leidyi. 
obsokta,  see  Cypricardites  obsoletus. 
occidentalis,   Hall,   1»52,  Statis.    Ex.   to 

Great  Salt  Lake,  Coal   Meas.      [Sig. 

wpstcrn  "1 
occidentalis,  Swallow,   18  6  3,  Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Carb.    This  name 

was  preoccupied, 
pikensis,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
plicatula,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,   Mid.   Coal   Meas.      [Sig. 

having  small  plications.] 
rhembea,  see  Cypricardites  rhombeus. 
rigidi,  see  Sanguinolites  rigidi. 
Bhumardana,  Swallow,   1863,   Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
subplana,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.      [Sig.  somewhat 

flat] 
ventricosa,  Hall,    1860,  13th  Reg.   Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  ventricose.] 
wheeleri,  see  Schizodus  wheeleri. 
Cypbicardella,    Hall,    1858,    Trans.    Alb. 

Inst,    vol.   4.      [Ety.   diminutive    of 

Oypricardia.} 
nucleata,   Hall,   1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst, 

vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  like  a  kernel.] 
oblonga,   Hall,  1858,  Trans.   Alb.   Inst., 

vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  oblong.] 


plicata,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 
4,  Warsaw  Gr.    [Sig.  folded,  plicated.! 

subelliptica,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.^ 
vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat 
elliptical.] 
Cypricardinia,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3.  [Ety.  Cypricardinia,  from  its  re- 
semblance to  Cypricardia.} 

arata,  Hall,  1867.  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  plowed.] 

carbonaria,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  pertain- 
ing to  coal.] 

concentrica,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  from  the  con- 
centric ridges  that  mark  the  surface.] 

crassa,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.3,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  thick,  from  the  thick 

(?)  cylindrica,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep. 
N.  Y.,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  cylin- 
drical.] 

distincta,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
Devonian.     [Sig.  distinct.] 

dorsata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  high-backed.] 

indenta,  Conrad,  1842,  (Cypricardites  in- 
denta)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8, 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  indented.] 

inflata,  Emmons,  1842,  (Nuculitesinflata) 
Emmons'  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Trenton 
Gr.     [Sig.  swollen  out,  inflated.] 

inflata  war.  subsequivalvis,  Hall, 1872, 24th 
Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig. 
valves  somewhat  equal.] 

lamellosa,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  in  allusion  to 
the  distant  lamellae  on  the  surface.] 

planulata,  Conrad,  1842,  (Pterinea  planu- 
lata)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  flattened.] 

pygmsea,  Conrad,  1842,  (Pterinea  pyg- 
msea)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Up. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  pigmy,  very  small.] 

sublamellosa,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat 
lamellose;  from  the  concentric  strise 
on  the  surface.] 
Cypricardites,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Geo.  Rep. 
N.  Y.  [Ety.  from  resemblance  to  the 
genus  Cypricardia.] 

acutumbonus,  Billings,  1866,  (Cyrtodonta 
acutumbona)  Catal.  Sil.  Foss.  Antic, 
Anticosti  Gr.  [Ety.  from  the  strongly 
carinatetl,  or  sharp-keeled  umbones.] 

alta,  see  Modiomorpha  alta. 

alveatus,Conrad,  1843,Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist. 
N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  hollowed  out.] 

amygdalinus,  Hall,  1847,  (Ambonychia 
amygdalina)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Black 
Riv.  and  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  like  an 
almond.] 

angustus,  Hall,  1843,  (Cypricardia  angus- 
ta) Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Clinton 
Gr.     [Sig.  narrow,  slender.] 

angustatus,  see  Modiomorpha  angustata. 

angustifrons,  syn.  for  Modiolopsis  modiol- 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


anodontoides,    see    Modiolopsis    anodon- 

toides. 
anticostiensis,  Billings,  1866,  (Cyrtodonta 

(?)    anticostiensis)    Catal.    Sil.    Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
bayfieldi,  Billings,  1858,  (Vanuxemia  bay- 

fieldi)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.  vol.  4,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
bimlcata,  see  Grammysia  bisulcata. 
breviusculus,  Billings,  1859,   (Cyrtodonta 

breviuscula)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol.  4, 

Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  very  sbort.] 
canadensis,   Billings,    1858,    (Cyrtodonta 

canadensis)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol.  3, 

Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
carinatus,  see  Sanguinolites  carinatus. 
cannabis,  Meek,  1872,  (Dolabra  carinata) 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

This  name  was  preoccupied, 
cariniferus,   Conrad,   1842,    Jour.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Chemung  Gr.     [.Sig. 

bearing  a  ridge;    from  the    strongly 

carinated  umbonal  slope.] 
catekillensis,   see  Modiomorpha  catskill- 

ensis. 
chemungensis,  see  Sanguinolites  chemung- 

ensis. 
ccmcntrica,see  Modiomorpha  concentrica. 
contractus,  Hall,  1843,  (Cvpricardia  con- 

tracta)    Geo.   Rep.   4th   Dist.   N.   Y., 

Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  contracted.] 
cordiformis,   Billings,    1858,   (Cyrtodonta 

cordiformis)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol.  3, 

Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  heart- 
shaped.] 
corrugatus,   Conrad,    1842,   Jour.    Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,   vol.  8,   Ham.   Gr.        [Sig. 

wrinkled.] 
curtus,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  short,] 
dixonensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 

Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.   1,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
elongatus,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.   Rep.   N. 

Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  elongated.] 
emma,  Billings,  1862,  (Cvrtodonta  emma) 

Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
ferrugineus,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  of  the 

color  of  rusty  iron;  from  iron  ore  beds.] 
ganti,   Saffbrd,  1869,    (Cvrtodonta  ganti) 

Geo.  of  Tenn.,  Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hainesi,   S.  A.  Miller,  1874,    Cin.   Quar. 

Jour.Sci.,vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
harrietta,   Billings,   186  2,    (Cyrtodonta 

harrietta)  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
haynanus,    Safford,     1869,    (Cyrtodonta 

hayniana)  Geo.  of  Tenn.,  Trenton   & 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.       [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hindi,  Billings,  1862,  (Cyrtodonta   hindi) 

Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.   [Ety. 

proper  name.] 


huronensis,  Billings,  1858,  (Cyrtodonta 
huronensis)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol.  3, 
Black  Riv.  and  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

inconstans,  Billings,  1858,  (Vanuxemia 
inconstans)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol.  3, 
Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  changing.] 

indenta,  see  Cypricardinia  indenta. 

inflatus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  vol.  8,  Onondaga  Gr.  [Sig.  in- 
flated.] 

insularis,  Billings,  1866,  (Cyrtodonta  in- 
sularis)  Catal.  Sil.  Foss.  Antic,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  belonging  to  an  island.] 

islandicus,  Hall,  1877,  (Proposed  here  in- 
stead of  Cypricardites  ventricosus,  Hall, 
1859)  Low*.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  from  the 
type  locality,  St.  Joseph's  Island.] 

iowensis,  Owen,  1840,  Rep.  on  Mineral 
lands,  Calciferous  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.]     ' 

latus,  Hall,  1847,  (Modiolopsis  latus)  Pal. 
N.  Y,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  wide.] 

leucothea,  Billings,  18  62,  (Cyrtodonta 
leucothea)  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Black 
Riv.   Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

marcellensis,  see  Lunulacardium  marcell- 
ense. 

modiolaris,  Emmons,  syn.  for  Modiolopsis 
nasuta. 

montrealensis,  Billings,  1859,  (Vanux- 
emia montrealensis)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

mytiloides,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  from  the  resem- 
blance to  Mytilns.'] 

nasutus,  see  Modiolopsis  nasuta. 

niota,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Trenton 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

obliquus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Galena  Gr.  [Sig.  ob- 
lique, slanting.] 

oblongus,  syn.  for  Modiomorpha  concen- 
trica. 

obsoletus,  Hall,  1843,  (Cvpricardia  obso- 
leta)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Clin- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  obsolete.] 

obtusus,  Hall,  1847,  (Ambonychiaobtusa) 
Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  and 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  obtuse.] 

ovata,  syn.  for  Modiolopsis  modiolaris. 

plebeius,  Billings,  1866,  (Cyrtodonta  ple- 
beia)  Catal.  Sil.  Foss.  Antic,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  common.] 

ponderosus,  Billings,  1862,  (Cyrtodonta 
ponderosa)  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  thick,  heavy.] 

quadrilateralis,  Hall,  1867, 20th  Reg.  Rep. 
N.  Y.,  Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.  four-sided.] 

radiatus,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  from  the  radiating 
striae.] 

rectus,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  straight.] 

rectirostris,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis., 
Trenton  Gr.      [Sig.  straight-beaked.] 

recurvus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  recurved.] 


190 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


rhombeus,  Hall,  1843,(Cypricardia  rhom- 

bea)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Low. 

Carb.    [Sig.  rhomboidal.] 
rotundatus,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  rounded.] 
rugosus,  Billings,  1858,  (Cyrtodonta  ru 

gosa)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol.  3,  Black 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  wrinkled.] 
rugosa,  see  Goniophora  rugosa. 
saffordi,    Hall,  1852,    (Pakearca  saffordi 

12th  Reg.  Rep.,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Ety 

proper  name.] 
sectifrons,  see  Phthonia  sectifrons. 
sigmoideus,   Billings,  1859,    (Cyrtodonta 

sigmoidea)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol.  3, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  like  the  Greek 

letter  Sigma.]  [toides. 

sinuata,    syn.    for    Modiolopsis    anodon- 
spiniferus,  Billings,1858,  (Cyrtodonta  spi- 

nifera)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol.  3,  Black 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  bearing  spines.] 
sterlingensis,    Meek  &  Worthen,    1866, 

(Dolabra    sterlingensis)    Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,Cin'tiGr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
subalatus.  see  Modiomorpha  subalata. 
subangulatus,     Hall,     1847,    (Edmondia 

subangulata)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Black 

Riv.  and  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  somewhat 

angular.] 
subcarinatus,  Billings,  1858,  (Cyrtodonta 

subcarinata)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol.  3, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.   somewhat  cari- 

nated.] 
subspatulatus,  Hall,   1847,  '(Modiolopsis 

subspatulata)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Black 

Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig.  somewhat 

spatula-shaped.] 
subtentus,  Conrad,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  3rd 

Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham.   Gr.       [Sig.   some- 
what curved.] 
subtruncatus,  Hall,  1847,  (Edmondia  sub- 
.      truncata)   Pal.   N.   Y.,  vol.  1.,  Black 

Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig.  somewhat 

truncated.] 
truncatus,  see  Sanguinolites  truncatus. 
ungulatus,   Billings,  186  6,  (Cyrtodonta 

ungulata)   Catal.   Sil.    Foss.   Antic, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  having  claws.] 
ventricosus,  Hall,  1847,  (Edmondia  ven- 

tricosa)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  bulging  out,] 
ventricosus,  Hall,  1859,  (Palrearca  ventri- 

cosa)  Pal.  N.Y,  vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr. 

This    name    was    preoccupied.      See 

Cypricardites  islandicus. 
vetustus,  Hall,  1847,  (Cardiomorpha  ve- 

tusta)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  ancient,] 
winchelli,     Safford,     1869,     (Cyrtodonta 

winchelli)  Geo.  Tenn.,  Trenton   and 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.    proper  name.] 
Cyrtodonta,  syn.  for  Cypricardites. 

acutumbona,   see   Cypricardites    acutum 

bonus. 
anticostiensis,  see  C.  anticostiensis. 
brevimcula,  see  C.  breviusculus. 
canadensis,  see  C.  canadensis. 


cordiformis,  see  C.  cordiformis. 
emma,  see  C.  em  ma. 
ganti,  see  C.  ganti. 
harrietta,  see  C.  harrietta. 
hayniana,  see  C.  haynanus. 
hindi,  see  C.  hindi. 
huronensis,  see  C.  huronensis. 
insularis,  see  C.  insularis. 
leueothea,  see  C.  leucothea. 
normanensis,   Safford.     Not  defined. 
plebeia,  see  Cypricardites  plebeius. 
ponderosa,  see  C.  ponderosus. 
rugosa,  see  C.  rugosus. 
saffordi,  see  C.  saffordi. 
sigmoidea,  see  C.  sigmoideus. 
•    spinifera,  see  C.  spiniferusr 
subcarinata,  see  C.  subcarinatus. 
ungulata,  see  C.  ungulatus. 
urinchelli,  see  C.  winchelli. 
Cytherodon,   Hall.  1873,  in  23rd  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.    [Ety.  Cythere,  a  genus  of  shells ; 

odous,  a  tooth.] 
appressus,  Conrad,  (Nuculites    appressa) 

1842,    Jour.  Acad.    Nat,   Sci.,   vol.    8, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  pressed  together.] 
(?)  placidus,    Billings,    1874,   Pal.   Foss., 

vol.  2,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  smooth.] 
socialis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Up.   Sil.       [Sig.   social,   clustered  to- 
gether.] 
tumidus,  Hall,  1870,  (Schizodus  tumidus) 

Prelim.  Notice   Lam.  shells,  etc.,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  swollen,  tumid.] 
Dexiobia,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat, 

Sci.     [Ety.  dexios,  on  the  right  side ; 

bia,  strength.] 
halli,  Winchell,   1863,   Proc.  Acad.   Nat. 

Sci.,    Chemung    Gr.        [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
ovata,  Hall,  1858,  (Cardiomorpha  ovata) 

Geo.     Rep.    Iowa,    Kinderhook    Gr. 

[Sig.  ovate.] 
whitei,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,    Chemung    Gr.        [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
Dolabra,    McCoy,   1844,   Syn.    Carb.    Foss. 

Ireland.     [Ety.  dolabra,  a  mattock  or 

pick  axe.] 
alpina,  Hall,  1858,  Geo.  Rep.  Iowa,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  alpine.] 
carinata,  see  Cypricardites  carinatus. 
sterlingensis,    see    Cypricardites  sterling- 
ensis. 
Dystactella,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5. 

[Ety.  dijstaLios,  hard  to  arrange.] 
subnasuta,'  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  nasute.] 
Edmondia,  DeKoninck,    1844,  Desc.  Anim. 

Foss.,  Carb.  Belg.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
anomala,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geo.,  Carb. 

[Sig.  irregular,  out  of  order.] 
aspen wallensis,    Meek,    1871,    Hayden's 

Rep.  Sur.  Wyoming,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
bicarinata,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat,  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  double- 
keeled.]    Prof.  Hall  regards  this  as  a 

syn.  for  Sanguinolites  rigidus. 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


191 


binumbonata, Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  [Sig.  having 
double  umbones.] 

burlingtonensis,  White  &  Whitfield,  1802, 
Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  8, 
Kinderhook  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

caUiouni,  see  Pleurophorus  calhouni. 

concentrica,  see  Astartella  concentrica. 

depressa,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Waverlv  Gr.     [Sig.  depressed.] 

elliptica,  Winchell,  1803,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  elliptical.] 

gibbosa,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Sig.  gib- 
bous, tumid.] 

glabra,  Meek,  1872,  Pal.  E.  Neb.,  Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.  smooth.] 

hartti,  Dawson,  1808,  Acad.  Geol.,  Carb. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

hawni,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
'  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

inlesi,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1805,  Proc. 
Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

ledoides,  Winchell,  1800,  Eep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  re- 
sembling a  shell  of  the  genus  Leda.] 

mactroides,  Winchell,  1800,  Rep.  Low. 
Peninsula  Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  re- 
sembling a  shell  of  the  genus  Mactra.] 

marionensis,  Swallow,  1800,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

nebrascensis,  Geinitz,  1806,  Carb.  und 
Dyas  in  Neb.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

nilesi,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865,  Proc. 
Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

nitida,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  smooth, 
neat.] 

nuptialis,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  nuptial.] 

otoensis,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

peroblonga,  Meek&  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
somewhat  oblong.] 

philipi,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

radiata,  see  Clinopistha  radiata. 

reflexa,  Meek,  1872,  Pal.  E.  Neb.,  Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.  turned  back,   reversed.] 

rhomboidea,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  5, 
Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  rhomboidal.] 

semiorbiculata,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Sig. 
half  orb-shaped.] 

strigillata,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  fur- 
rowed.] 

subangulata,  see  Cypricardites  subangu- 
latus. 


subtruncata,  Hall,  1847,  see  Cypricardites 
subtruncatus. 

subtruncata,  Meek,  1872,  Pal.  E.  Neb., 
Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  somewhat  trun- 
cated.] 

tapetiformis,  Meek,  1875,  (E.  tapesiformis) 
Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2,  Waverly  Gr.  [Ety. 
tapet,  a  carpet;  formis,  like.] 

undulata,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Chemung  Gf.  [Sig.  undulated.] 

unioniformis,  Phillips,  1830,  (Isocardia 
unioniformis)  Geol.  Yorkshire,  vol.  2, 
Carboniferous.  [Sig.  resembling  the 
shell  of  the  genus  Unio.'] 

ventricosa,  Hall,  see  Cypricardites  ventri- 
cosus. 
Extolium,  Meek,  1804,  Cal.  Geo.  Sur.,  vol. 
2.     [Ety.  enlos,  inside;  Irion,  smooth.] 

avicula,  Swallow,  1858,  (Pecten  avicu- 
lus)  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal 
Meas.  [Sig.  like  a  shell  of  the  genus 
Avicula.~\ 

cooperensis,  Shumard,  1855,  (Avicula 
cooperensis)  Low.  Carb.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Eoptkria,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1. 
[Ety.  eos,  dawn ;  pteron,  a  wing.]  Prof. 
Billings  says  if  Euchasma  is  the  same 
as  Eopteria,  then  he  desires  Eopteria  to 
be  withdrawn  from  science. 

(?)  ornata,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  adorned.] 

richardsoni,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,vol. 
1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

typica,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  type  of  the  genus.] 
Euchasma,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1. 
<  [Ety.  eu,  well ;  chasma,  a  hollow.] 

blumenbachi,  Billings,  1859,  (Conocar- 
dium  blumenbachi)  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  4,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
ErciioxnKiA,  Meek,  1874,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
3rd  series,  vol.  7,  a  subgeneric  name 
proposed  for  Avicidopecten  neglectus,  on 
account  of  its  peculiar  hinge  line. 
Eumkrotis,  syn.  for  Pseudomonotis. 

curia,  see  Pseudomonotis  curta. 

hawni,  see  Pseudomonotis  hawni. 

Imwni  var.  ovata,  see  Pseudomonotis 
hawni  var.  ovata. 

limuni  var.  sinuata,  see  Pseudomonotis 
hawni  var.  sinuata. 
Exochorhynchus,  Meek,  1864,  Pal.  Up.  Mo. 
[Ety.  exochos,  prominent ;  rhynchos, 
beak.]  This  name  was  suggested  as 
a  probable  genus  or  subgenus  to  in- 
clude iSedyivtckia  altirodratu. 
Gervillia,  DeFrance,  1820,  Diet.  Sci.  Nat., 
xviii.  [Ety.  proper  name.]  This 
genus  is  probably  unknown  in  the 
palaeozoic  rocks. 

auricula,  Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  the  ear  lap.] 

longa,  see  Avicula  longa. 

Umgispina,  see  Monopteria  longispina. 


192 


LAMELLIBRA  NCHI  ATA. 


strigosa,  White,   1862,  Proc.   Bost.    Soc. 

Nat,  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig. 

lean,  thin.]    This  species  may  belong 

to  the  genus  Bakevellia. 
sulcata,  see  Avicnla  sulcata. 
Goniophora,  Phillips,  1848.    [Ety.  gonia,  an 


mgle;  phoros,  bearing.]  Ooniophorus 
was  used  by  Agassiz  for  a  genus  of 
Echinoderms  in  1840. 

acuta,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5,  Ham. 
Gr.    [Sig.  acute.] 

bellula,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
"Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  small  and  beautiful.] 

consimilis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
2,  Up.  Sil.  [Sig.  very  like,  just  such 
another.] 

glabra,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  smooth.] 

hamiltonensis,  Hall,  1870,  (Sanguinolites 
hamiltonensis)  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
Shells,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

mediocris,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
2,  Up.  Sil.    [Sig.  middling.] 

perangulata,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  angular.] 

rugosa,  Conrad,  1841,  (Cypricardites  ru- 
gosa)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Sig.  wrinkled.] 

transiens,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
2,  Up.  Sil.  [Sig.  transient,  passing.] 
Gkammysia,  DeVerneuil,  1847,  Bull.  Soc. 
Geo.  France.  [Ety.  gramme,  a  line  of 
writing;  Mys,  a  mussel  shell,  in  allu- 
sion to  the  transverse  furrows  which 
cross  the  valves  from  the  umbones  to 
the  middle  of  the  ventral  margin.] 

acadica,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
Up.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

alveata,  Conrad,  184l,(Posidonia  alveata) 
Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
hollowed  out.] 

arcuata,  Conrad,  1841,  (Posidonia  arcuata) 
Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
arched.] 

bisulcata,  Conrad,  1838,  (Pterinea  bisul- 
cata,  1841,)  (Cypricardites  bisulcata) 
Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y. ,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  two- 
furrowed.] 

canadensis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
2,  Up.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

chemungensis,  Pitt,  1874,  Buff.  Soc.  Nat. 
Hist.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

circularis,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Ham.  and  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig. 
circular.] 

constricta,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  constricted.] 

elliptica,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lain. 
shells,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  elliptical.] 

erecta,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  erect.] 

globosa,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  globose.] 

hamiltonensw,  syn.  for  G.  bisulcata. 

hannibalensis,  Shumard,  1855,  (Allorisma 
hannibalensis)  Geo.  Sur.  Mo.,  Kinder- 
hook  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


lirata,  Hall,  1870,   Prelim.   Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  furrowed.] 
magna,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.    Notice   Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  large.] 
nodocostata,  Hall,  1870,   Prelim.   Notice 

Lam.  shells,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  having 

nodes  on  the  ribs.] 
obsoleta,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  obsolete.] 
parallela,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  parallel.] 
precursor,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,   Schoharie  grit.     [Sig.   a  fore- 
runner.] 
remota,  Billings,  1874,   Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  remote.] 
rhomboidalis,    Meek  &  Worthen,   18G5, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  rhomboidal.] 
rhomboides,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  rhomb- 
like.] 
rustica,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  rough,  rustic] 
secunda,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  following.] 
subarcuata,   Hall,  1870,   Prelim.    Notice 

Lam.    shells,    Chemung    Gr.       [Sig. 

somewhat  like  G.  arcuata.'] 
ventricosa,  Meek,  1871,   Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  ventri- 

cose.] 
Gryphorhynchus,  Meek,  1864,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

Not  denned. 
Ilionia,  Billings,  1875,   Can.  Nat.   &  Geol. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
canadensis,  Billings,   1875,   Can.  Nat.  & 

Geol.,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
sinuata,  Hall,  1859,  (Anatina  sinuata)  Pal. 

N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig. 

wavy.] 
Inoceramus,  Sowerby,  1818,  Min.  Conch.,  vol. 

2.     This  genus  is  unknown  in  Amer- 
ican palaeozoic  rocks. 
chemungensis,  see  Mytilarca  chemungensis. 
mytilimeris,  see  Mytilarca  mytilimeris. 
oviformis,  see  Mytilarca  oviform  is. 
Ischyrinia,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic.      [Ety.  kchyros,  strong.] 
plicata,   Billings,   1866,  Catal.   Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  folded.] 
winchelli,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Isocardia,  Klein,  1753,  Tent.   Meth.   Ostr. 

[Ety.   isos,  like;     kardia,   the    heart.] 

This  is  an  existing  littoral  genus  that 

burrows  in  the  sand.     It  is  not  known 

in  the  palaeozoic  rocks. 
(?)  curta,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Sig. 

short.] 
jenme,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.       [Ety.  *  proper 

name.] 
unioniformis,  see  Edmondia  unioniformis, 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


193 


Leda,  Schumacher,  1817,  syn.  for   Nuculana. 
barrisi,  see  Palseoneilo  barrisi. 
beUistriala,  see  Nuculana  bellistriate. 
breinrostris,  see  Nuculana  brevirostris. 
carta,  see  Nuculana  curta. 
dens-mamillata,  see  Nuculana  dens-mam- 

illata. 
gibbom,  see  Yoldia  gibbosa. 
knoxensis,  see  Yoldia  knoxensis. 
leristriata,  see  Yoldia  levistriata. 
nuculiformis,  see  Nuculana  nuculiformis. 
oweni',  see  Yoldia  oweni. 
pandoriformis,    see    Nuculana     pandori- 

forinis. 
polita,  see  Nuculana  polite. 
rmhmsis,  see  Yoldia  rushensis. 
toccata,  see  Nuculana  saccate. 
mbecittda,  see  Yoldia  subscitula. 
Leiopteris,  Hall,  1877,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5. 
[Ety.  lews,  smooth ;  pteron,  a  wing.]     A 
proposed  genus  in  the  family  Awculidse. 
Leptodomus,   McCoy,  1844,  Synopsis  Carb. 
Foss.  Ireland.      [Ety.  leptos,  slender; 
dornus,  house.] 
arata,  Hall,   1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol. 

5,  Silurian.     [Sig.  furrowed.] 
canadensis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Devonian.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
clavate,  Winch  ell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Portage  Gr.      [Sig.  club-shaped.] 
granosnx,  see  Allorisma  granosum. 
topekaensis,  see  Sedgwickia  topekaensis. 
Lima,  Brugueire,  1791,   Encycl.  Meth.   and 
Deshayes,  1824,  Descrip.  de  Coquilles 
fossiles  des  environs  de  Paris.      [Ety. 
lima,  a  file.] 
glabra,  see  Pernopecten  glaber. 
macroptera,  see  Limoptera  macroptera. 
ofisolcta,  see  Pernopecten  obsoletus. 
retifera,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.    Sci.,    Coal  Meas.      [Sig.    net- 
bearing.] 
rugscstriata,  see  Aviculopecten  rugsestri- 
atus. 
Limoptera,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Up.  Held.  Gr.       [Ety.  Lima,  a 
genus  of  shells ;  pteron,  a  wing.] 
cancellata,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells.Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  cancellated.] 
curvate,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  curved.] 
macroptera,  Conrad,  1838,  (Lima  macrop- 
tera) Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 
long-winged.] 
obsolete,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  obsolete.] 
pauperate,    Hall,    1870,    Prelim.    Notice 
Lam.  shells,Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  poor.] 
triquetra,    Conrad,    Ham.    Gr.      [Sig.  a 
triangle.] 
Litiiophaga,  Lamarck,  1812,  Hist.  An.  sans 
Vert.    [Ety.  litJios,  stone;  phago,  I  eat.] 
lingualis,    Phillips,    1836,   (Modiola    lin- 
gualis)  Geol.  Yorkshire,  vol.  2,  Keo- 
kuk Gr.     [Sig.  tongue-like.] 
pertenuis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.   Phil,  St.  Louis  Gr. 
[Sig.  very  slender.] 


Lucina,  Bruguiere,   1792,   Encyclop.   Meth. 
[Ety.  mythological  name.] 
elliptica,  see  Paracyclas  elliptica. 
elliptica  var.   occidentals,  see    Paracyclas 

elliptica  var.  occidentalis. 
hamiltonensis,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low. 

Peninsula  Mich.,   Ham.   Gr.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
liraia,  see  Paracyclas  lirato. 
occidentalis,  Billings,  1859,  Assiniboine  & 

Saskatchewan  Ex.  Exped.,  Devonian. 

This  name  was  preoccupied  by  Con- 
rad for  an  Eocene  species. 
ohioensis,  see  Paracyclas  ohioensis. 
retusa,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th   Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Portage  Gr.     [Sig.  blunt.] 
Lunulacardium,    Munster,    1840,   Beitrage 

zur  Petrefaktenkunde.     [Ety.  lunula, 

a  little  moon;    Cardium,  a  genus  of 

shells.] 
acutirostrum,  Hall,  1843,  (Pinnopsis  acu- 

tirostra)   Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y., 

Portage  Gr.    [Sig.  acute-beaked.] 
curtum,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  short.] 
fragilis,  Hall,   1877,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  frail.] 
marcellense,  Vanuxem,  1843,  (Cypricar- 

dites  marcellensis)  Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Marcellus  shale.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
ornatum,  Hall,  1843,  (Pinnopsis  ornate) 

Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Portage  Gr. 

[Sig.  adorned.] 
Lyonsia,  Turton,  1822.     Not  found  in  palaeo- 
zoic rocks. 
concava,  see  Sedgwickia  concava. 
Lyriopecten,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5. 

[Ety.  lyrion,  a  lyre ;  Pecten,  a  genus  of 

shells.] 
anomifeformis,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol. 

5,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  shell  of 

the  genus  Anomxa.~\ 
macrodonta,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol- 

5,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  from  the  large 

teeth-like  ridges.] 
orbiculatus,  Hall,  1843,  (Avicula  orbicu- 

lata)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  orbicular.] 
parallelodonte,   Hall,   1877,  Pal   N.  Y., 

vol.  5,  Up.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  from  the 

broad  straight  hinge  line.] 
Lyrodesma,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Geo.  Rep. 

N.  Y.      [Ety.  lyra,  a  harp;  desma,  a 

ligament.] 
cincinnatiense,  Hall,   18  71,  Pamphlet, 

Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
planum,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Geo.  Rep., 

Hud.   Riv.   Gr.      [Ety.  planus,  flat.] 
poststriatum,  Emmons,  1842,  (Nuculana 

poststriata)   Geo.   Rep.   N.  Y.,  Black 

Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  striated  posteriorly.] 
pulchellum,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Ety.  pulcheUus,  beau- 
tiful.] 


194 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


M acrodon,  Lycett,  1845,  Murch.  Geo.  Chelt. 
[Ety.  macros,  long;  odous,  a  tooth.] 

carbonarius,  Cox,  1857,  (Area  carbona- 
rius)  Geo.  Sur.  Ky.,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  pertaining  to  coal.] 

chemungensis,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice 
Lam.  Shells,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

cochlearis,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  spoon- 
shaped.]  Prof.  Hall  suggests  that  it  is 
a  syn.  for  M.  parvus. 

curtus,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Carb. 
[Sig.  short.] 

delicatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
delicate.] 

hamiltonise,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice 
Lam.  shells,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

hardingi,  Dawson,  18  68,  Acad.  Geol., 
Carb-    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

micronema,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Chester  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  small  thread.] 

obsoletus,  Meek,  1871,  Reg.  Rep.  Univer- 
sity W.  Va.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  ob- 
solete.] 

ovatus,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  ovate.] 

parvus,  White  &  Whitfield,  1862,  Proc. 
Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  8,  Kinder- 
hook  Gr.    [Sig.  small.] 

shubenacadiensis,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad. 
Geo.,  Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

tenuistriata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1867,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  fine- 
lined.] 
Matheria,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  3.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

tenera,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  3,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  tender,  del- 

Megalomus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  megale,  great ;  omos,  shoulder.] 
canadensis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Guelph  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Megambonia,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3. 

[Ety.  mega,  great;  ambon,  the  boss  of 

a  shield.] 
aviculoidea,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.   [Sig.  like  an  Avicula.] 
bellistriata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Oriskany  sandstone.    [Sig.  beautifully 

striated.] 
cancellata,-Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Silurian.     [Sig.  cancellated.] 
cardiiformis,  Hall,  1843,  (Pterinea  cardii- 

formis)   Geo.   Rep.   4th  Dist.  N.  Y., 

Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  Cardium.~\ 
cordiformis,  see  Mytilarca  cordiformis. 
jamesi,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

This  shell  probably  belongs  to  the 

genus  Ambonychia. 
lamellosa,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Oriskany  sandstone.      [Sig.   made  of 

thin  plates.] 


lata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.      [Sig.  wide,  expanded  on 

the  posterior  slope.] 
lyoni,  syn.  for  Cardiopsis  radiata. 
mytiloidea,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  like  the  MytUm.l 
oblonga,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  oblong.] 
obscura,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.   Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  characters  ob- 
scure.] 
ovata,  syn.  for  Mytilarca  mytilimeris. 
ovoidea,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  ovoidal.] 
rhomboidea,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  rhomboidal  ] 
spinneri,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
'  striata,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol. 

5,  Silurian.     [Sig.  striated.] 
subcordiformis,  Hall,   1877,   Pal.  N.   Y., 

vol.   5,   Up.  Held.  Gr.       [Sig.  some- 
what like  M.  cordiformis.] 
suborbicularis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.   Held.   Gr.     [Sig.    somewhat 

orbicular.] 
Megaptera,  Meek   &  Worthen,    1866.      The 

name  was  preoccupied. 
Microdon,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

vol.  8.     This  name  was  applied  by 

Agassiz  to  a  genus  of  fish  in  1833,  and 

was  also  preoccupied  for  a  genus  of 

insects. 
bellistriata,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  beautifully 

lined.] 
complanatus,   Hall,   1870,   Prelim.  Notice 

Lam.  shells,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  smoothed.] 
gregaria,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  gregarious.] 
reservatus,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  AVaverly  Gr.    [Sig.  preserved.] 
tenuistriata,   Hall,    1870,    Prelim.    Notice 

Lam.  shells,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.   finely 

lined.] 
Modiola,  Lamarck,   1801,    Syst.    An.    sans 

Vert.     [Ety.  modiolus,  a  small  measure 

or  drinking  vessel.] 
avonia,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Low. 

Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
concentrica,  see  Modiomorpha  concentrica. 
lingualis,  see  Lithoj)haga  lingualis. 
metella,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,   Chemung  Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
minor,  Lea,  1852,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

2nd  series,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

less.] 
obtusa,  see  Modiolopsis  obtusa. 
pooli,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,   Low. 

Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
prsecedens,   Hall,   1870,    Prelim.    Notice 

Lam.  shells,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  sur- 
passing, going  before.] 
wyomingensis,    Lea,    1852,    Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  2d  series,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


195 


Modiolopsis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 
[Ety.  Modiola,  a  genus  of  shells ;  opsis, 
appearance;  from   its  resemblance  to 

Modiola.] 
adrastia,  Billings,  18G2,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Black  Kiv.  Gr.       [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
anodontoides,  Conrad,  1847,  (Cypricardites 

anodontoides)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.       [Ety.  from  its  resemblance 

to  the  genus  Anodonta.'] 
arcuata,   Hall,   1847,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.   1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  bent,  bow-shaped.] 
aviculoides,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton    Gr.       [Sig.    resembling   an 

Avicula.] 
carinata,   Hall,  1847,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  keeled.] 
cincinnatiensis,  Hall  &  Whitfield,   1875 

Ohio  Pal.,   vol.   2,   Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety 

proper  name.] 
concentrica,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1872,  Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.      [Sig.   concen- 
tric] 
curta,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  short.] 
dicteus,  Hall,  1807,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Niagara     Gr.        [Ety.     mythological 

name.] 
(?)  dubia,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 
exilis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  slender.] 
faba,  Conrad,   1842,  in    Emmons'    Geo. 

Rep.  N.  Y.,  Black  Riv.,  Trenton  and 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  bean.] 
gesneri,  Billings,   1802,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  and  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
latus,  see  Cypricardites  latus. 
maia,   Billings,  1802,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.   1, 

Trenton    Gr.       [Ety.     mythological 

name.] 
meyeri,  Billings,  1802,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
modiolaris,  Conrad,  1838,  (Pterinea  mod- 

iolaris)  Ann.  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  Modiola.'] 
modioliformis,  Meek  &  Worth  en,   1808, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig. 

like  a  Modiola.'] 
mytiloides,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  1, 

Black  Riv.  &  Trenton   Gr.      [Sig.  like 

a  shell  of  the  genus  Mytilus.~\ 
nais,   Billings,   1802,   Pal.   Foss.,  vol.   1, 

Black   Riv.   Gr.     [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
nasuta,    Conrad,   1841,    (Cypricardites 

nasutus)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Trenton  & 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  nasute.] 
nuculiformis,  seeTellinomya  nuculiformis. 
obtusa,  Hall,   1847,  Pal.   N.   Y.,  vol.  1, 

Birdseye  Gr.    [Sig.  obtuse.] 
orthonota,  Conrad,  1839,  (Unio  orthono- 

tus)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Medina  sand- 
stone.   [Sig.  straight-backed.] 


orthonota,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1808,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Trenton  Gr.  This 
name  was  preoccupied. 

ovata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Clin- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  ovate.] 

parallela,  Conrad,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  parallel.] 

parviuscula,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geo.,  vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.  [Sig.  very 
small.] 

perlata,  Hall,  1870,  28th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  very  wide.] 

perovata,  see  Modiomorpha  perovata. 

pholadiformis,  Hall,  1851,  Lake  Sup. 
Land  Dist.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  like  the  Plu>la$.~\ 

plana,  Hall,  1801,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  smooth.] 

primigenia,  Conrad,  1838,  (Unio  primi- 
genius)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Medina 
sandstone.     [Sig.  first-born.] 

recta,  Hall,  1807,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  straight.] 

rhomboidea,  Hall,  1800,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Up.  Sil.    [Sig.  rhomboidal.] 

rudis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  rude.] 

striata,  Billings,  1800,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.    [Sig.  striated.] 

subalata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  some- 
what winged.] 

subcarinata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
2,  Clinton  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  cari- 
nated.] 

subnasuta,  Hall,  1800,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Up.  Sil.  [Sig.  somewhat  nasute.] 

mbnamta,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870.  This 
name  was  preoccupied. 

subspatulata,  Hall,  1847.  See  Cypricar- 
dites subspatulatus. 

superba,  Hall,  1801,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  grand.] 

terminalis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  terminating.] 

trentonensis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name] 
truncata,  Hall,   1847,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  1, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  cut  short.] 
undulostriata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol. 

2,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  having  waved 
stricG  1 

varia,  Billings,   1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  different.] 
versaillesensis,  S.  A.  Miller,   1874,   Cin. 

Quar.  Jour.  Sci.,  Cin'ti  Gr.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Modiomorpha,  Hall,    1870,   Prelim.   Notice 

Lam.  shells.      [Ety.  contracted  from 

Modiola,  a  genus  of  shells;    morphe, 

form.] 
alta,  Conrad,  1841,   (Cypricardites  alta) 

Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.   Gr.     [Ety. 

from    the    elevation    of    the   hinge 

margin.] 
alata,  Hall,   1843,    (Cypricardites  alata) 

Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr.    [Sig. 

winged.] 


196 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


angustata,  Vanuxem,  1842,  (Cvpricardites 

angustata)  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Catskill 

Gr.     [Sig.  narrowed.] 
catskillensis,  Vanuxem,  1842,   (Cypricar- 

dites  catskillensis)  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Catskill  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
complanata,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.    Notice 

Lam.    shells,  Up.   Held.    Gr.      [Sig. 

smooth.] 
concentrica,  Conrad,  1838,  (Cypricardites 

concentrica)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.    N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  marked  with  con- 
centric lines.] 
cymbula,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  a  small  boat.] 
hyalea.  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,    Waverly    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
inornata,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Devonian.     [Sig.  unadorned.] 
macilenta,    Hall,    1870,    Prelim.    Notice 

Lam.  shells,    Ham.   Gr.      [Sig.  lean, 

meager.] 
perovata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  (Modi- 

olopsis  perovata)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  ovate.] 
planulata,    Hall,    1870,    Prelim.    Notice 

Lam.  shells,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  flattened.] 
ponderosa,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  large.] 
quadrula,    Hall,     1870,    Prelim.    Notice 

Lam.  shells,   Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  a 

small  square.] 
subalata,    Conrad,    1841,    (Cypricardites 

subalata)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  somewhat  winged.] 
Monoptekia,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 

Chi.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  1.      [Ety. 

monos,  single ;  pteron,  a  wing.  ] 
gibbosa,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 

Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  gib- 
bous, tumid.] 
longispina,  Cox,   1857,  (Gervillia  longi- 

spina)    Geo.    Sur.   Ky.,   vol.   3,   Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  long-spined.] 
marian,  White,  1874,  Rep.  Invert.  Foss., 

Carboniferous.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Monotis,  Bronn,  1824,  System  Urweltlicher 

Konchylien.      [Ety.  monos,  one ;  ous- 

otos,  ear.] 
elevata,  Conrad,  1848,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,    vol.    3,    Chemung    Gr.       [Sig. 

elevated.] 
gregaria,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.    Sci.,   Phil.,  Coal    Meas., 
[Sig.    clustered    together,    found    in 

flocks.] 
halli,    Swallow,    1858,    Trans.   St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
hawni,  see  Eumicrotis  hawni. 
poulsoni,  Conrad,  1848,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  3,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
princeps,  Conrad,  1838,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  primitive,  original.] 


radialis,  Phillips,  1834,  (Pecten  radialis) 

Permian    Gr.       See     Pseudomonotis 

radialis. 
radians,  Conrad,  1842,  (Pterinea  radians) 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  radiating.] 
speluncaria,  Schlotheim,  1816,  (Gryphites 

speluncarius)  Permian  Gr.     [Sig.  like 

a  cave,  den,  or  hole  in  a  rock.] 
variabilis,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.      [Sig.  varia- 
ble, changing.] 
Myalina,  Koninck,  1844,  Desc.  Anim.  Foss. 

Carb.   Belg.      [Ety.  Mya,  a  genus  of 

shells ;  inns,  like.] 
angulata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig. 

angulated.] 
apachei,   Marco  u,   1858,   Geol.    North 

America,  Carboniferous.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
aviculoides,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.   Phil.,   Permian  Gr. 

[Sig.  like  an  Avicula.] 
aviculoides,  Winchell,  1862.     This  name 

was  preoccupied, 
concentrica,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,   St.   Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  having  concentric  lines.] 
deltoidea,  Gabb,  1859,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Low.  Carb.    [Sig.  like  the 

Greek  letter  Delta.'] 
imbricaria,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.      [Sig.  imbri- 
cated.] 
iowensis,   Winchell,    1865,    Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
kansasensis,   Shumard,   1858,   Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
keokuk,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol. 

6,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
meliniformis,   Meek  &    Worthen,    1866, 

Proc.  Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

in  the  form  of  a  purse.] 
michiganensis,   Winchell,    18  6  2,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
mytiliformis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  Mytilus.'] 
perattenuata,   Meek  &  Hayden,   18  62, 

Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4.  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  very  much   drawn  out,   attenu- 
ated.] 
permiana,  Swallow,  1858,  (Mytilus  per- 

mianus)  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci., 

Permian  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
perniformis,  Cox,  1857,   Geo.   Sur.   Ky., 

vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  in  the  form 

of  a  PernaJ] 
pterineseformis,  Winchell,    1862,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall   Gr.     [Sig. 

in  the  form  of  a  Pterinea.] 
recta,  Shumard,   1858,   Trans.   St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Sig.  straight.] 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


197 


recurvirostris,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1860, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Up.  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  beaked,  recurved.] 
squamosa,  Sowerby,  1827,    Trans.   Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  3,  Permian 

Gr.    [Sig.  rough,  scaly.] 
subquadrata,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep. 

Mo.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  somewhat  qua- 
drate.] 
st.  ludovici,  Worthen,  1873,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  5,  St.   Louis  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name;  Sanctus  Ludovicus,  St.  Louis.] 
swallovi,    McChesney,    1860,    New    Pal. 

Foss.,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Mytilarca,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells.      [Ety.  from  the   two  genera 

Mytilus  and  Area.} 
arenacea,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Schoharie  grit.      [Sig.  sandy.] 
attenuata,    Hall,    1870,    Prelim.    Notice 

Lam.    shells,     Chemung    Gr.       [Sig. 

elongated.] 
canadensis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
carinata,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  carinated.] 
chemungensis,  Conrad,  1842,  (Inoceramus 

chemungensis)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil.,   vol.   8,   Chemung   Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
cordiformis,  Hall,  1859,  (Megambonia  cor- 

diformis)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low.  Held. 

Gr.     [Sig.  heart-shaped.] 
fibristriata,    White    &    Whitfield,    1862, 

(Mytilus  fibristriatus)  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.    Hist,    Kinderhook    Gr.       [Sig. 

fibre-lined.] 
mytilimeris,  Conrad,  1842,    (Inoceramus 

mvtilimeris)  Jour.    Acad.    Nat.    Sci., 

vol.  8,  Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Ety.  Mytilus 

a  genus  of  shells;  meros,  a  part.] 
nitida,  Billings,   1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Devonian.     [Sig.  neat,  pretty.] 
occidentalis,  White  &  Whitfield,    1862, 

(Mytilus  occidentalis)  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,   vol.   8,   Kinderhook    Gr. 

[Sig.  western.] 
oviformis,    Conrad,     1842,    (Inoceramus 

oviformis)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol. 

8,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  egg-shaped.] 
ponderosa,   Hall,    1870,    Prelim.    Notice 

Lam.  shells,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  large, 

heavy.] 
radiata,   Hall,  1877,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  radiated.] 
sigillum,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niag- 
ara Gr.    [Sig.  a  seal.] 
triquetra,   Conrad,    1838,    (Pterinea    tri- 

quetra)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  triangle.] 
Mytilus,  Linnaeus,  1758,  Syst.  Nat.,  10th  ed. 

[Ety.  Mytilus,  the  fish  mussel.]     This 

genus  does  not,  so  far  as  known,  ex- 
ist in  palaeozoic  rocks.      Most  of  the 

species  referred  to  it  belong  to  the 

genus  Myalina. 


concavus,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Sig.  con- 
cave.] 

fibrhtratus,  see  Mvtilarca  fibristriata. 

occidentalis,  see  Mytilarca  occidentalis. 

ottawensis,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

permianus,  see  Myalina  permiana. 

squamosus,  Sowerby,  1839,  Trans.  Geol. 
Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  4,  Permian  Gr.  [Sig. 
rough,  scaly.] 

tenuiradiatus,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
slender-rayed.] 

whitfieldanus,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.]  Prof.  Hall  suggests 
that  this  is  a  syn.  for  Mytilarca  fibris- 
triata. 
Naiadites,  Dawson,  1860,  Acad.  Geol.,  but 
not  defined.  The  name  was  used  for 
a  gentis  of  plants  by  Buckman  in 
1843.  The  fossils  were  defined  by 
Salter  in  1861,  under  the  name  of 
Anthracomya. 

angulata,  see  Anthracomya  angulata. 

arenaceus,  see  A.  arenacea. 

carbonarius,  see  A.  carbonaria. 

elongata,  see  A.  elongata.     , 

Ixvis,  see  A.  lsevis. 

obtusa,  see  A.  obtusa. 

oralis,  see  A.  ovalis. 
Nucula,  Lamarck,  1815,  Hist.  Nat.  des  An. 
sans  Vert.     [Ety.  nucula,  a  little  nut.] 

anodontoides,  Meek,  1871,  Reg.  Rep.  Uni- 
versity W.  Va.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  like 
an  Anodonta.] 

arata,  Hall,  1852,  Stansbury's  Ex.  to  Gr. 
Salt  Lake,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  furrowed.] 

bellatula,  syn.  for  N.  bellistriata. 

bellistriata,  Conrad,  1841,  (Nuculites 
bellistriatus)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham. 
Gr.    [Sig.  beautifully  striated.] 

beyrichia,  Schlotheim,  as  identified  by 
Geinitz.    See  Nucula  parva. 

corbuliformis,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice 
Lam.  shells,  Ham.  &  Chemung  Gr. 
[Sig.  resembling  a  Corbula.} 

cylindricus,  syn.  for  Cardiomorpha  mis- 
souriensis. 

donaciformis  see  Tellinomya  donaciformis. 

fabula,  see  Cleidophorus  fabula. 

hians,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ham. 
Gr.    [Sig.  gaping.] 

houghtoni,  Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

hubbardi,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  Syn.  for  Nu- 
culites sulcatinus. 

iowensis,  White  &  Whitfield,  1862,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

kazanensis,  as  identified  by  Geinitz  is  Nu- 
culana  bellistriata. 

levata,  see  Tellinomya  levata. 

lineata,  see  Tellinomya  lineata. 


198 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


lineolata,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Portage  Gr.    [Sig.  marked  with 

small  lines.] 
lirata,  Conrad,  1842,   (Nuculites  liratus) 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Ham. 

Gr.    [Sig.  furrowed.] 
machierseformis,  see  Tellinomya  machse- 

rseformis. 
mactrseformis,    see    Tellinomya    mactne- 

formis. 
merceremis,  syn.  for  Cardiomorpha  mis- 

souriensis. 
microdonta,  Winchell,  18G3,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  small- 
toothed.] 
minuta,  Owen,  1840,  Rep.  on  Min.  Lands, 

Devonian.      The  name  was  preoccu- 
pied by  De  France  in  182"). 
nasuta,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol. 

4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  nasute.] 
neda,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name] 
niotica,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.       [Ety.  proper  name.] 
obliqua,  see  Tellinomya  obliqua. 
oblonga,  see  Cleidophorus  oblongus. 
parva,  McChesney,  1860,  New  Pal.  Foss., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  small.] 
poststriata,  see  Lyrodesma  poststriatum. 
randalli,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  and  Chemung  Gr.   [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
rectangula,  McChesney,  1860,  Desc.  New 

Pal.  Foss.,  Ham.   Gr.      [Sig.  rectan- 
gular.] 
sectoralis,   Winchell,   1862,   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.    [Sig.  like  a 

sector.] 
shumardana,    Hall,     1858,    Trans.    Alb. 

Inst.,  vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Stella,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Sig.  a  star.] 
subnasuta,    Hall,   1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  somewhat 

nasute.] 
varicosa,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  varicose.] 
ventricosa,  Hall,  1858,   Geo.  Sur.  Iowa, 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  bulging  out.] 
Nuculana,  Link,  1807,  Rost.  Samml.,  vol.  3. 

[Ety.  like  a  shell  of  the  genus  Nu- 
cula.'] 
bellistriata,  Stevens,  1858,  (Leda  bellis- 

triata)   Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  25,  Coal 

Meas.    [Sig.  beautifully  striated.] 
bellistriata  var.  attenuata,    Meek,    1872, 

Pal.  E.  Neb.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  drawn 

out,  attenuated.] 
brevirostris,  Hall,  1870,  (Leda  (?)  brevi- 

rostris)   Prelim.   Notice  Lam.  shells, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  short-beaked.] 
curta,  Meek,   1861,   (Leda    curta)    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  short.] 
dens-mamillata,  Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  having 

mammillated  teeth.] 


nuculiformis,  Stevens,   1858,   Am.   Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  from 

the  resemblance  to  Nucula.] 
pandoriformis,  Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  25,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like  a 

shell  of  the  genus  Pandora.} 
saccata,   Winchell,   1863.  (Leda  saccata) 

Proc.    Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr. 

[Sig.  like  a  little  bag.] 
vaseyana,   McChesney,   1860,   (Nuculites 

vaseyana)  Desc.  New  Pal.  Foss.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Nuculites,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Geo.  Rep.  N. 

Y.     [Ety.  Nucula,  a  genus  of  shells.] 
altus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

vol.  8,  Devonian.     [Sig.  high.] 
appressus,  see  Cytherodon  appressus. 
bellislriatus,  see  Nucula  bellistriata. 
carinatus,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  5,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  keeled.] 
cJiemungcnsis,  see  Schizodus  chemungensis. 
concentricus,  Conrad,  1842,  J.our.    Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

concentric] 
constrictus,  see  Palreoneilo  constricta. 
cuneiformis,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham  Gr.     [Sig.  wedge-shaped.] 
emargiuatus,  see  Palaxmeilo  emarginata. 
faba,  see  Modiolopsis  faba. 
filosus,  see  Palseoneilo  filosa. 
inflatus,  see  Cypricardinia  inflata. 
lamellosus,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Geo.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  having  lamellae] 
liratus,  see  Nucula  lirata. 
mactroides,  Conrad,   1842,    Jour.   Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,  vol.  8,   Low.  Carb.      [Sig. 

like  a  shell  of  the  genus  Mactra.~\ 
maxima,  see  Palaeoneilo  maxima, 
multilineatus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  many- 
lined.] 
nyssa,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.   Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
oblongus,  see  Cleidophorus  oblongus. 
oblongatus,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Geo.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  oblong.] 
planulatus,  see  Cleidophorus  planulatus. 
poststriata,  see  Lyrodesma  poststriatum. 
radiatus,  see  Pholadella  radiata. 
rostellatus,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.   Rep.   N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  little-beaked.] 
scitula,  syn.  for  Cleidophorus  planulatus. 
subemarginata,  see  Tellinopsis  subemargi- 

nata. 
sulcatinus,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig.  furrowed.] 
triqueter,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  triangular.] 
vaseyana,  see  Nuculana  vaseyana. 
Nyassa,   Hall,   1870,   Prelim.   Notice  Lam. 

shells.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
arguta,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,   Ham.   Gr.      [Sig.   clearly 

marked.] 
elliptica,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Up.  Held.  Gr.   [Sig.  ellipticaUJ 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


recta,   Hall,   1870,   Prelim.   Notice  Lam. 

shells,    Ham.    Gr.       [Sig.    from    the 

straight  umbonal  ridge.] 
subalata,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,    Ham.    Gr.      [Sig.    somewhat 

winged.] 
Opisthoptera,  Meek.    Not  defined. 
Orthodesma,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 

Pal.,   vol.    2.      [Ety.  ortfws,   straight; 

desma,  a  ligament.] 
contractum,  Hall,  1847,  (Orthonota    con- 

tracta)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  contracted.] 
curvatum,    Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  curved.] 
parallelum,  Hall,  1847,  (Orthonota  paral- 
lel) Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  parallel.] 
rectum,  Hall  &  Whitfield,1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  straight.] 
Orthonota  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y. 

[Ety.  ortJws,  straight;  notos,  the  back.] 
angulifera,   (?)    McCoy,    1850,   Brit,  Pal. 

Rocks,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  having  angles.] 
carinata,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  keeled.] 
contmcta,  see  Orthodesma  contractum. 
curta,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist,  N. 

Y.,   Clinton   and   Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

short,] 
ensiformis,    Hall,    1870,   Prelim.   Notice 

Lam.   shells,   Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.   ensi- 

form.] 
incerta,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 
parallda,  see  Orthodesma  parallelum. 
parvula,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
phaselia,   Winchell,    1863,    Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  a  kid- 
ney bean.] 
pholadis,  Conrad,  1838,  (Pterinea  phola- 

dis)  Ann.  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  shell  of   the  genus 

Pholas.-] 
rectidorsalis,  AVinchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Sig.  straight- 
backed.] 
siliquoidea,   Hall,   1870,    Prelim.    Notice 

Lam.  shells,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  like  a 

pod.] 
simulans,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  resembling.] 
(?)  speciosa,   Billings,    1874,    Pal.    Foss., 

vol.  2,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
undulata,   Conrad,    1841,  Ann.  Rep.    N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 
venusta,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
Ostrea,  Linmeus,  1758,  Syst.  Nat.,  10th  ed. 

[Ety.  ostrea,  an  oyster.] 
patercula,    Winchell,   1865,   Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Burlington  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Palxarca,  syn.  for  Cypricardites. 
saffordi,  see  Cypricardites  saffordi. 
ventrfcosa,  see  Cypricardites    veutricosus 


Pal^ocardia,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.      [Ety.  palaois,  ancient;   kardia,  a 

heart.] 
cordiformis,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  heart-shaped.] 
Pal^oneilo,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells.     [Ety.  palaios  ancient ;   Neilo,  a 

genus  of  shells.] 
attenuata,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  AVaverly  Gr.   [Sig.  attenuated.  ] 
barrisi,  White  &  Whitfield,  1862,  (Leda 

barrisi)   Proc.   Bost.  Soc.   Nat.  Hist., 

vol.  8,  Kinderhook  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
bedfordensis,  Meek,  1875,  Pal.  Ohio,  vol. 

2,  Waverly  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
bisulcata,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,   Ham.   Gr.       [Sig.  double-sul- 

cated.] 
brevis,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Chemung  Gr.    [Sig.  short.] 
carbonaria,  see  Yoldia  carbonaria. 
constricta,  Conrad,  1842,  (Nuculites  con- 

stricta)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8, 

Chemung  Gr.    [Sig.  constricted.] 
emarginata,   Conrad,  18  41,   (Nuculites 

emarginata)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  emarginated.] 
filosa,  Conrad,    1842,   (Nuculites   filosa) 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Chemung 

Gr,     [Sig.  thready.] 
fcecunda,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  abundant.] 
maxima,  Conrad,  1841,  (Nuculites  max- 
ima) Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.   [Sig. 

the  largest.] 
muta,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.   Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  inconspicuous.] 
parallela,   Hall,  1870,  23rd  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  parallel.] 
perplana,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  flat.] 
plana,   Hall,  1870,   Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  flat.] 
tenuistriata,  Hall,  1870,   Prelim.   Notice 

Lam.  shells,   Ham.  Gr.       [Sig.  fine- 
lined.] 
Pal.eanatina,   Hall,    1870,  Prelim.   Notice 

Lam.   shells.     [Ety.  palaios,  ancient; 

Anatina,   a    genus    of   shells.]      The 

family  name  at  the  head  of  this  class 

should   be  spelled  Pabeanatinidsc  in- 
stead of  PalanatinicUe. 
quadrata,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  quadrate.] 
typus,    Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Chemung  Gr.      [Ety.  the  type 

of  the  genus.] 
Panopxa,  Menard  de  la  Groye,  1807,  Ann. 

du  Mus.  9.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
cooperi,  see  Chsenomya  cooperi. 
Paracvclas,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.     [Ety.  para,  allied  to ;  Cyclas,  a 

genus  of  shells.] 
elliptica,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Comif.  Gr.    [Sig.  elliptical,] 


200 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


elliptica  var.  occidentalis,  Hall,  1872, 24th 
Reg.  Rep.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig 
western.] 

lirata,  Conrad,  1838,  (Posidonia  lirata) 
Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Corniferous  Gr 
[Sig.  furrowed.] 

ohioensis,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat 
Sci.  Phil.,  Cornif.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

sabini,  White,  1876,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pectcn,   Mueller,  1776.      This  genus  is  un- 
known in  the  Palaeozoic  rocks. 

acxdialatus,  see  Aviculopecten  acutialatus. 

armigerus,  see  A.  armigerus. 

aviculatm,  see  A.  aviculatus. 

broadfieadi,  syn.  for  Aviculopecten  car- 
bon if  er  us. 

cancdlatus,  see  Aviculopecten  cancellatus. 

carboniferus,  see  A.  carboniferus. 

clevelartdicus,  see  A.  clevelandicus. 

cohradoensis,  see  A.  coloradoensis. 

convexus,  see  A.  convexus. 

crenulatus,  see  Pernopecten  crenulatus. 

dolabriformis,  see  Aviculopecten  dolabri- 
formis. 

duplicatus,  see  A.  duplicatus. 

hatti,  see  A.  halli. 

havmi,  syn.  for  A.  carboniferus. 

missouriensis,  see  A.  missouriensis. 

neglectus,  see  A.  neglectus. 

occidentalis,  see  A.  occidentalis. 

providencensis,  see  A.  providencensis. 

radialis,  see  Pseudomonotis  radialis. 

ringens,  see  Aviculopecten  ringens. 

striatus,  see  A.  striatus.  [ata. 

tenuilineatus,  see  Streblopteria  tenuiline- 

utahensis,  see  Aviculopecten  utahensis. 
Pernopecten,  Winchell,   1865,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.  Phil.     [Ety.  from  the  shells 
Perna  and  Pecten.] 

crenulatus,  Hall,  1843,  (Pecten  crenula- 
tus) Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Che- 
mung Gr.    [Sig.  crenulated.] 

fasciculatus,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
5,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  fasciculated.] 

glaber,  Hall,  1843,  (Lima  glaber)  Geo. 
Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr. 
[Sig.  smooth.] 

limiformis,  White  &  Whitfield,  1862, 
(Aviculopecten  limaformis)  Proc. 
Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  8,  St.  Louis 
Gr.  [Sig.  like  a  shell  of  the  genus 
Lima."] 

limatus,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  polished.] 

obsoletus,  Hall,  1843,  (Lima  obsoleta) 
Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung 
Gr.     [Sig.  obsolete.] 

shumardanus,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Kinderhook 
Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pholadella,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice 
Lam.  shells.  [Ety.  diminutive  of  the 
recent  genus  Photos.] 

cuneata,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Kinderhook  Gr.  [Sig.  wedge- 
shaped.] 


newberryi,   Hall,    1870,    Prelim.   Notice 

Lam.  shells,  WaverlyGr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
ornata,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,    Chemung    Gr.      [Sig.    orna- 
mented.] 
radiata,  Conrad,  1842,  (Nuculites  radiata) 

Jour.  Acad.   Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  radiated.] 
truncata,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  truncated.] 
Phthonia,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells, 
nodicostata,   Hall,   1870,  Prelim.   Notice 

Lam.  shells,  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  from  the 

nodes  on  the  costa;.] 
sectifrons,  Conrad,   1842,    (Cypricardites 

sectifrons)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  having  a  divided  front.] 
Pinna,  Linmeus,  1758,  Syst.  Nat,   10th  Ed. 

[Ety.  pinna,  a  feather.] 
adamsi,  syn.  for  Pinna  peracuta. 
binrichsana,   White  &  St.    John,    1868, 

Trans.  Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
marshallensis,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
missouriensis,  Swallow,  1863,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
peracuta,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.    very 

acute.] 
subspatulata,  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  6,  Warsaw  Gr.      [Sig.  some- 
what spatulate  or  blade-shaped.] 
Pinnopsis,  syn.  for  Lunulacardium. 

acutirostra,  see  Lunulacardium  acutirost- 

rum. 
ornatus,  see  Lunulacardium  ornatum. 
Placunopsis,  Morris  &  Lycett,  1853,  Monogr. 

Foss.  Great  Oolite.     [Ety.  Placuna,  a 

genus  of  shells;   opsk,  resemblance.] 
carbonaria,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc. 

Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  1,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  pertaining  to  coal.] 
recticardinalis,   Meek,   1875,  Ohio    Pal., 

vol.   2,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  straight  on 

the  cardinal  line.] 
Pleurophorus,  King,  1844,  Ann.  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.,  vol.  14.      [Ety.  pleuron,  a  rib  ; 

phoros,  bearing.] 
angulatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

angulated.] 
calhouni,  Meek   &  Hayden,    1858,   (Ed- 

monia   calhouni)    Trans.   Alb.   Inst., 

vol.  4,   Permian    Gr.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
costatiformis,    Meek  &  Worthen,    1865, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Keokuk 

Gr.     [Sig.  like  P.  costatus.] 
oblongus,  Meek,  1872,  Pal.  E.  Neb.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  oblong.] 
occidentalis,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1862,  Trans. 

Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

western.] 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


201 


pallasi,  as  identified  by  Geinitz,   is  P. 

oblongus. 
permianus,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 
Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
quadricostatus,  Dawson,  18G8,  Acad.  Geo., 

Carboniferous.     [Sig.  four-ribbed.] 
simplus,   as  identified  by   Geinitz,  is  P. 

subcuneatus. 
subcostatus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  somewhat  costated.] 
subcuneatus,  Meek  &  Harden,  1858,Trans. 

Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  Permian  Gr.     [Sig. 

somewhat  wedge-shaped.] 
(?)  subellipticus,  Meek,  1867,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  4-i,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  some- 
what elliptical.] 
tropidophorus,  Meek,  1875, 'Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  keel- bearing.] 
Pleurorhynchns,  Phillips,  syn.   for  Conocar- 

dium. 
attenuatus,  see  Conocardium  attenuatum. 
crassifrons,  see  Conocardium  crassifrons. 
cuneus,  see  Conocardium  cuneus. 
trigonalis,  see  Conocardium  trigonale. 
vomer,  see  Conocardium  vomer. 
PoeiDONiA,  Bronn,  1824,  Syst.  Urweltlicher 

Konchvlien.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
alata,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N. 

Y.,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  winged.] 
aiveQta,  see  Grammysia  alveata. 
arcuata,  see  Grammysia  arcuata. 
clathrata,    Lea,   1852,  Jour.   Acad.   Nat. 

8d.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

latticed.] 
distans,  Lea,  1852,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

2d  ser.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  dis- 
tant.] 
Urata,  see  Paracyclas  lirata. 
moorei,  Gabb,  1859,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
perstriata,  Lea,  1852,   Jour.    Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  closely  lined.] 
Posidonomya,  Bronn,    1837,    Leth.   Geogn. 

[Ety.  Poseidon,  a  proper  name ;   Mya, 

a  genus  of  shells.] 
ambigua, Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  doubtful.] 
fracta,  Meek,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  frail,  easily  broken.] 
mesambonata,    Winchell,    18  62,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Ety. 

mesos,  middle;   ambon,  umbone.] 
rhomboidea.  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

2,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  rhomboidal.] 
romingeri,   Winchell,  1862,  Proc.   Acad. 

Nat-.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
striata,  Stevens,  1858,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol. 

25,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  striated.] 
whiteana,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.Nat. 

Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pkomacrus,  Meek,  1871.  [Ety. pro,  forward; 

makros,  long.] 
andrewsi,  Meek,  1871,  Am.  Jour.  Conch., 

vol.   7,    Waverly   Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 


missouriensis,  see  Sanguinolites  missouri- 

ensis. 
nasutus,  see  Sanguinolites  nasutus. 
Pkothyris,   Meek,   1869,  Proc.  Acad.   Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.      [Ety.  pro.  forward ;  thyris, 

an  orifice.] 
elegans,  Meek,  1871,  Am.  Jour.  Conch., 

vol.  7,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
meeki,  Winchell,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 

Waverly  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pseudomoxotis,    Beyrich,    1862,    Zeit.    der 

Deutsch.,  Geol.   Gesselsch.,    vol.   14. 

[Ety.  pseucbs,  false;  Monotis,  a  genus 

of  shells.] 
curta,  Hall,  1852,  (Avicula  custa,  a  typo- 
graphical error)  Stansbury'sEx.  Ex.  to 

Gt.Salt  Lake,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  short.] 
hawni,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1858,  (Monotis 

hawni)  Trans.   Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  Up. 

Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hawni  var.  ovata,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1865, 

(Eumicrotis  hawni  var.   ovata)    Pal. 

Up.  Mo.,  Permian  Gr.      [Sig.  ovate.] 
hawni  var.  sinuata,   Meek  &  Worthen, 

1866,  (Eumicrotis  hawni  var.  sinuata) 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  sinuated.] 
radialis,  (?)  Phillips,  1834,  (Pecten  radi- 

alis)  Encyc.  Meth.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  radiated.] 
Ptekixea,    Goldfuss,    1826,    Germ.    Petref. 

[Ety.  pteron,  a  wing.] 
appressa,  Conrad,  1838,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  pressed  together.] 
arenacea,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  sandy.] 
bellilineata,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic.  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  beautifully 

lined.] 
bisulcata,  see  Grammysia  bisulcata. 
brisa,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  pressed.] 
boydi,    Conrad,    1842,    (Avicula    boydi) 

Jour.   Acad.   Nat.  Sci.    Phil.,  vol.  8, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
cardiiformis,  see  Megambonia  cardiiformis. 
cardinata,   Winchell,  1862,  Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.    [Sig.  hinged.] 
carinata,  Goldfuss,  see  Ambonychia  cari- 

nata. 
chemungensis,    Conrad,    1842,    (Avicula 

chemungensis)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

vol.  8,   Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
concentrica,  Conrad,  1838,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,   Ham.  Gr.       [Sig.    concentrically 

lined.] 
cuneata,  see  Sanguinolites  cuneatus. 
curiosa,   Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.      [Sig.  curious.] 

cyrtodontoides,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865, 

Mem.  Bost.  Soc.   Nat.   Hist.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  shell  of  the  genus 

Cyrtodonta.] 
flabellum,  Conrad,  1842,  (Avicula  flabella) 
Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Up.  Held, 
and  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  a  little  fan.] 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


longispina,   Hall,   1843,   (Avicula    longi- 

spina)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.Y.,  Ham. 

and  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  long-spined.] 
modiolaris,  see  Modiolopsis  modiolaris. 
morganensis,  see  Avicula  morganensis. 
orbicularis,  see  Ambonychia  orbicularis. 
pholadis,  see  Orthonota  pholadis. 
planulata,  see  Cypricardinia  planulata. 
prolifica,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  abundant.] 
protexta,  Conrad,  1842,(  Avicula  protexta) 

Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Chemung 

Gr.     [Sig.  closely- woven.] 
punctulata,  Conrad,  1838,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham.    Gr.     [Sig.    marked    with 

small  dots.] 
pygmsea,  see  Cypricardinia  pygmsea. 
quadrula,  Conrad,   1842,  (Avicula  quad- 

rula)  Jour.  Acad.    Nat.    Sci.,  vol.  8, 

Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  a  small  square.] 
radians,  see  Monotis  radians, 
revoluta,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865,  Mem. 

Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 

curled  back.] 
striato-costata,    McChesney,  1861,   (Am- 
bonychia strieecosta)  New  Pal.  Foss., 

Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  striated  and  ribbed.  ] 
suborbicularis,  see  Aviculopecten  suborbi- 

cularis. 
subpapyracea,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1866, 

Proc.  Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

somewhat  like  papyrus.] 
thebesensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Niagara  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
thisbe,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,   Anticosti  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
triquetra,  see  Mytilarca  triquetra. 
undata,  see  Ambonychia  undata. 
undulata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,  Kinderhook  Gr.   [Sig. 

wavy.] 
variostriata,    Billings,   1866,    Catal.    Sil. 

Foss.  Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.    [Sig.  va- 
riably-lined.] 
volans,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865,  Mem. 

Bost.    Soc.    Nat.    Hist.,   Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  winged.] 
Ptekonitklla,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2.    [Ety.  diminutive  of  Pteronites.] 
curta,  Bilhngs,  1874,  Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  short.] 
oblonga,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  oblong.] 
venusta,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Low.    Held.     Gr.       [Sig.     beautiful, 

lovely.] 
Ptkronites,  McCoy,  1844,  Syn.  Carb.  Foss. 

Ireland.    [Ety.  Pteron,  a  wing.] 
(?)  chemungensis,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep. 

4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
decussata,  Hall,  1843,  (Avicula  decussata) 

Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  arranged  in  pairs  that  cross  each 

other.] 


gayensis,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geo.,  Low. 

Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lsevis,  Hall,   1843,  (Avicula  lams)  Geo. 

Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.,  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

smooth.] 
muricatus,  Hall,  1843,(Avicula  muricata) 

Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  spiny  like  a  Murex.] 
spinigerus,  Conrad,  1842,  (Avicula  spini- 

gera)   Jour.   Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,  vol.   8, 

chemung  Gr.      [Sig.  bearing  spines.] 
subdecussata,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

5,    Ham.    Gr.      [Sig.    somewhat  like 

P.  decussata.'] 
Ptychodesma,  Hall,   1872,   24th  Reg.   Rep. 

[Ety.  ptychos,  a  folding  ;  desma,  a  liga- 
ment or  band.] 
knappanum,  Hall,  1872,  24th   Reg.  Rep., 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pykenomceus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety. pyrenos,  Nucula;  omoios,  similar; 

from  its  resemblance  in  general  form 

to  the  shells  of  the  genus  Nucula.] 
cuneatus,  Hall,   1852,   Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.    [Sig.  wedge-shaped.] 
Sanguinolaria,  Lamarck,   1801,   Syst.  An. 

sans  Vert.     [Ety.  Sanguinolarius,  hav- 
ing blood.] 
leptogaster,  Winchell,  1863,   Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.      [Ety.  leptos, 

thin ;  gaster,  belly.] 
rostrata,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Sig.  beaked.] 
sectoralis,   Winchell,  1862,  Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.      [Sig.   like  a 

sector.] 
septentrionalis,    Winchell,    1862,    Proc 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Sig. 

northern.] 
similis,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Sig.  similar.] 
Sanguinolites,  McCoy,  1844,  Synop.  Carb. 

Foss.    Ireland.      [Ety.   Sanguinolaria, 

a  genus  of  shells ;   lithos,  stone.] 
acutus,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  acute.] 
seolus,   Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Waverly  Gr.      [Ety.   mytho- 
logical name.] 
amygdalinus,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  like  an 

almond.] 
arcsefornris,  Hall,   1870,  Prelim.    Notice 

Lam.  shells,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  like  a 

shell  of  the  genus  Area.] 
borealis,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Sig.  northern.] 
carinatus,    Conrad,   1841,   (Cypricardites 

carinata)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  carinated.] 
chemungensis,  Vanuxem,  1842,   (Cypri- 
cardites chemungensis)  Geo.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  ChemungGr.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
clavulus,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  a  small 

nail.] 


LAMELLIBRANCHIAfA. 


203 


cuneatus,  Conrad,1838,  (Pterinea  cuneata) 
Ann.  Rep.  N.   Y.,   Ham.  Gr.      [Sig. 
wedge-shaped.] 
cylindricus,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,   Marshall  Gr.     [Sig.  cylin- 
drical.] 
flavius,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Waverly  Gr.        [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
glaucus,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 
Jtamiltonemis,  see  Goniophora  hamilton- 

ensis. 
ida,   Hall,   1870,  Prelim.   Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 
iowensis,  Winchell,   1863,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
jejunus,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.   [Sig.  scanty,  poor.] 
marshallensis,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
missouriensis,  Swallow,  1860,  (Solen   (?) 
missouriensis)  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad. 
Sci.,  Low.  Carb.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
nasutus,  Meek,  1871,  Am.  Jour.  Conch., 
vol.  7,   Low.  Carb.      [Sig.   having  a 
prominent  nose.] 
obliquus,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  oblique.] 
perangulatus,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice 
Lam.  shells,  Schoharie  grit.  [Sig.  very 
angular.] 
ponderosus,  Hall,   1870,   Prelim.   Notice 
Lam.   shells,   Up.    Held.    Gr.      [Sig. 
bulky,  heavv.] 
rigidus,  White  &  Whitfield,  1862,  (Cypri- 
cardia  rigidi)   Proc.   Bost.    Soc.   Nat. 
Hist.,  Kinderhook  Gr.     [Sig.  rigid.] 
sanduskyensis,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
solenoides,   Hall,   1870,    Prelim.    Notice 
Lam.  shells,   Ham.   Gr.     [Sig.  like  a 
shell  of  the  genus  Solen.'] 
strigatus,   Winchell,    1865,   Proc.    Acad. 
Nat.   Sci.,   Chemung   Gr.      [Sig.  fur- 
rowed.] 
subtortuosus,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice 
Lam.   shells,  Ham.   Gr.      [Sig.  some- 
what twisted.] 
sulcifer,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  bearing 
furrows.] 
tethys,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 
Devonian.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
truncatus,  Conrad,   1842,   (Cypricardites 
truncatus)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol. 
8,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  truncated.] 
undatus,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 
unioniformis,     Winchell,      1862,     Proc. 
Acad.   Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.    [Sig. 
like  a  shell  of  the  genus  Unto.] 


valvulus,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Waverly  Gr.  [Sig.  having 
small  valves,  a  pod.] 
ventricosus,  White  &  Whitfield,  1862, 
Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  Chemung 
and  Kinderhook  Gr.  [Sig.  ventricose.] 
Sciiizodus,  King,  1844,  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist., 
vol.  14.  [Ety.  sckizo,  I  split ;  odous,  a 
tooth.]  v 

amplus,  Meek  &  Worthen,    1870,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 
full,  large.] 
appressus,  see  Cytherodon  appressus. 
cayuga,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
chemungensis,   Conrad,  1842,  (Nuculites 
chemungensis)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
vol.  8,  Chemung  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
chesterensis,    Meek    &   Worthen,    1865, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,   Chester 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
cuneatus,  Meek,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  wedge-shaped.] 
curtus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866,  Proc:  Chi. 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  short.] 
ellipticus,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  elliptical.] 
gregarius,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  gregarious.] 
medinaensis,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  23,  Waverly  Gr.    [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
oblatus,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 

shells,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  oblate.] 
obscw-us,  see  Schizodus  wheeled, 
ovatus,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1858,  (Axinus 
ovatus)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.   Phil., 
Permian  Gr.    [Sig.  ovate.] 
perelegans,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
very  elegant.] 
quadrangularis,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice 
Lam.    shells,    Chemung    Gr.       [Sig. 
quadrangular.] 
rhombeus,    Hall,    1870,  Prelim.    Notice 
Lam.  shells,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  rhomb- 
shaped.] 
rossicus,  Verneuil,  1845,  Geo.   Russ.,  vol. 
2,  Permian  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
triangularis,   Swallow,    1858,    Trans.   St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.      [Sig. 
triangular.] 
tumid  us,  see  Cytherodon  tumid  us. 
wheeled,  Swallow,  1862,  (Cypricardia  (?) 
wheeleri)  Trans.  St.  Louis.  Acad.  Sci., 
Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Sedgwickia,  McCoy,  1844,  Synop.  Carb.  Foss. 
Ireland.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
altirostrata,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1858,  (Al- 
lorisma  (?)   altirostrata)  Proc.   Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  high- 
beaked.] 
(?)  compressa,   Meek,  1872,  Proc.   Acadi 
Nat.  Sci.  Phil./  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  com- 
] 


204 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


concava,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1858,  (Lyonsia 

concava)  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  Coal 

Meas,.     [Sig.  concave.] 
divaricata,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  from  the 

diverging  plications.] 
(?)  fragilis,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Sig.  frail,  easily 

broken.] 
(?)  neglecta,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat 

Sci.  Phil.,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  neglected, 

overlooked.] 
subarcuata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.    Phil.,   Keokuk  Gr 

[Sig.  somewhat  arched.] 
topekaensis,   Shumard,   1858,    (Leptodo- 

mus  topekaensis)   Trans.   St.    Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Solemya,  Lamarck,  1818,  Hist.  Nat.  An.  sans 

Vert.,  vol.   5.      See    Solenomya — the 

correct    orthography,    first    used    by 

Menke,  1828,  Syn.  Meth.  Edit. 
Solen,  Linnaeus,  1758,  Syst.  Nat.,  10th  ed. 

[Ety.  Solen,  a  tube  or  pipe.] 
Scalpriformis,  Winch  ell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.      [Sig.  lancet- 
shaped.] 
missouriensis,  see  Sanguinolites    missouri- 

ensis. 
permianus,    Swallow,    1858,    Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
priscus,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Aead.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Portage  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
quadrangularis,    Winchell,    1862,    Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Sig. 

quadrangular.] 
Solenomya,  Lamarck,  1818,  (Solemya)  Hist. 

Nat.  Anim.  sans  Vert.,  vol.  5.       [Ety. 

from    the    resemblance    to    the    two 

genera  Solen  and  My  a.] 
anodontoides,  Meek,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like  a  shell  of  the 

genus  Anodonta.] 
biarmica,  Verneuil,  1845,  Geo.  Russ.  and 

Ural  Mountains,  Permian  Gr.     This 

species    has    not    been  satisfactorily 

identified  in  this  country, 
radiata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Solemya 

radiata)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  radiated.] 
recurvata,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.    Sci.,  Up.    Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

curved  backward.] 
soleniformis,   Cox,  1857,  Geo.  Sur.  Ky., 

vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like  a  shell  of 

the  genus  Solen.'] 
vetusta,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil.,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
Solenopsis,  McCoy,   1844,  Carb.  Foss.   Ire- 
land.    [Ety.   Solmopsis,   resembling  a 

shell  of  the  genus  Solen.] 
solenoides,   Geinitz,   1866,   (Clidophorus 

solenoides)  Carb.  und  Dyas  in  Neb., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like  a  shell  of  the 

genus  Solen.] 


Steeblopteria,  McCoy,  1851,  Ann.  Mag. 
Nat.  Hist.,  2d  series,  vol.  7.  [Ety. 
streblos,  turned  the  wrong  way  ;  pteron, 
a  wing.] 

tenuilineata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860, 
(Pecten  tenuilineatus)  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  fine- 
lined.] 
Tellina,  Linnaeus,  1758,  Syst.  Nat.,  10th  ed. 
[Ety.  telline,  a  sort  of  mussel.]  This 
genus  is  unknown  in  the  palaeozoic 
rocks 

(?)  ovata,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 
N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  Syn.  for  Palseoneilo 
maxima. 
Tellinomya,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1. 
[Ety.  from  a  resemblance  to  the  genera 
Tellina  and  My  a.] 

abrupta,  Billings,  1862,  (Ctenodonta  ab- 
rupta)  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Black  River 
Gr.     [Sig.  abrupt.] 

sequilatera,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Coralline  limestone.  [Sig.  equal- 
sided.] 

alta,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Trenton 
Gr.     [Sig.  high.] 

anatiniformis,  see  Pterotheca  anatini- 
formis.  . 

angela,  Billings,  1865,  (Ctenodonta  an- 
gela)  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Quebec  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

angustata.  Hall,  I860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Low.  Sil.     [Sig.  narrowed.] 

astartiformis,  Salter,  1859,  (Ctenodonta 
astartoeforaiis)  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  like  an 

attenuata,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Silurian.     [Sig.  attenuated.] 

contracta,  Salter,  1859,  (Ctenodonta  con- 
tracta)  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  Decade  1, 
Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig.  con- 

curta,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Clin- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  short.] 

donaciformis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y-,  vol. 
1,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  like  a  shell  of 
the  genus  Donax.] 

dubia,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Black 
Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.   doubtful.] 

elliptica,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 
Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  elliptical.] 

gibberula,  Salter,  1859,  (Ctenodonta  gib- 
berula)  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  Decade  1, 
Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  a 
little  hunch-backed.] 

gibbosa,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig. 
gibbous.] 

hartsvillensis,  Safford,  1859,  (Ctenodonta 
hartsvillensis)  Geo.  of  Tenn.,  Nash- 
ville Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

hilli,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 
Sci.,  Cin'ti  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 

inflata,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  inflated.] 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


205 


iphigenia,    Billings,     1862,    (Ctenodonta 

iphigenia)  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Biv. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lata,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Clin- 
ton Gr.    [Sig.  wide.] 
levata,  Hall,  1847,  (Nucula  levata)  Pal. 

N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Black  Riv.,  Trenton  and 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  smoothed.] 
lineata,  Phillips,  1836,   (Nucula  lineata) 

Pal.  Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  lined.] 
logani,  Salter,  1851,  (Ctenodonta  logani) 

Rep.  Brit.  Assoc,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
machaeriformis,  Hall,  1843,(Nucula  mach- 

ariformis)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y., 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  sword-shaped.] 
mactrseformis,  Hall,  1843,  (Nucula  mac- 

trseformis)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y., 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  trough-like.] 
nasuta,   Hall,  1847,   Pal.   N.   Y.,   vol.   1, 

Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  hav- 
ing a  prominent  nose.] 
nucleiformis,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  nut-shaped.] 
nuculiformis,  Hall,  1847,  (Modiolopsis 

nuculiformis)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  Nucula.] 
ohliqua,    Hall,    1845,    (Nucula    obliqua) 

Am.   Jour.   Sci.,    vol.   43,    Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Sig.  oblique.] 
ovata,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis.,  Trenton 

Gr.     [Sig.  ovate.] 
pectunculoides,   Hall,  18  71,   Pamphlet, 

Cin'ti  Gr.       [Sig.  like  a  shell  of  the 

genus  Pectunculus.~\ 
protensa,  Hal),  1852,  Stans.  Ex.  to  Gt. 

Salt  Lake,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  stretched 

out.] 
sanguinolarioidea,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  like  Sangui- 

nolaria.~\ 
subnasuta,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Up.  Held.   Gr.      [Sig.   somewhat 

nasute.] 
ventricosa,    Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  ventricose.] 


Tellinopsis,  Hall,  1870,  Prelim.  Notice  Lam. 
shells.  [Ety.  tellinopsis,  resembling  a 
shell  of  the  genus  Tellina.] 

subemarginata,  Conrad,  1"842,  (Nuculites 
submarginatus)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
vol.  8,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  slightly  emar- 
ginated.] 
Ungulina,  Daudin,  1802,  Bosc.  Hist.  Nat. 
Coq.  3.      [Ety.  ungulina,  like  a  hoof.] 

suborbicularis,  see  Cardiomorpha  suborbi- 
cularis. 
Vanuxemia,  syn.  for  Cypricardites. 

bayfieldi,  see  Cypricardites  bayfieldi. 

inconstans,  see  Cypricardites  inconstans. 

montrealensis,  see  Cypricardites  montreal- 
ensis. 

dixonensis,  see  Cypricardites  dixonensis. 
Yoldia,   Muller,   1842,   Kroyer's  Nat.  Tid. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

carbonaria,  Meek,  1871,  Rep.  Reg.  Uni- 
versity W.  Va.,  Coal  Meas.-  [Sig.  per- 
taining to  coal.] 

gibbosa,  McChesney,  1859,  (Leda  gibbosa) 
Pal.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  gibbous.] 

knoxensis,  McChesney,  1865,  (Leda  knox- 
ensis)  Expl.  Pal.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

levistriata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1860,  (Leda 
levistriata)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil., 
St.  Louis  Gr.    [Sig.  small-lined.] 

oweni,  McChesney,  1860,  (Leda  oweni) 
Desc.  New  Pal.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

polita,  McChesney,  1859,  (Leda  polita) 
Pal.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  smoothed.] 

rushensis,  McChesney,  1865,  (Leda  rush- 
ensis)  Expl.  Pal.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

stevensoni,  Meek,  1871,  Rep.  Reg.  Uni- 
versity W.  Va.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

subscitula,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1858,  (Leda 
subscitula)  Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4, 
Permian  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  pretty.] 

valvulus,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep., 
Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  like  the  shell 
of  a  bean.] 


SUB-KINGDOM  ARTICULATA. 


First  Class, 
Second  Class, 
Third  Class, 
Fourth  Class, 
Fifth  Class, 


ANNELIDA. 

CRUSTACEA. 

ARACHNIDA. 

MYRIAPODA. 

INSECTA. 


CLASS    ANNELIDA. 


GENERA. — Arenicolites,  Conchicolites,  Cornulites,  Salterella,  Serpulites,  Spirorbis. 


Arenicolites,  Salter,  1856,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.   [Ety.  arena,  sand ;  colo,  I  inhabit ; 

lithos,  stone;      circular  boles    which 

appear  in  twos  on  the  surface  of  sand- 
stones, and  having  the  appearance  of 

worm-burrows  like  those  of  the  Areni- 

cola.~\ 
spiralis,  as  identified    by  Billings,  and 

others,    Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2,  Huronian 

Gr.    [Sig.  spiral.] 
Conchicolites,  Nicholson,  1872,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.       [Ety.  concha,  a  shell ;    colo,  I 

dwell ;  lithos,  a  stone.] 
corrugatus,  Nicholson,  1872,   Lond.  Geo. 

Mag.,vol.  9,Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig. corrugated.] 
flexuosus,  Hall,  1847,  (Tentaculites  flex- 

uosus)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  & 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  flexuous.l 
intermedius,  Nicholson,   1874,    (Ortonia 

intermedia)  Geo.  Mag.,  n.  s.,  vol.  1, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  intermediate.] 
minor,  Nicholson,  1873,  (Ortonia  minor) 

Lond.  Geo.  Mag.,  vol.  10,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Sig.  less.] 
Cornulites,  Schlotheim,  1820,   Petrefacten- 

kunde.      [Ety.  cornu,  horn ;    lithos, 

stone.] 
arcuatus,  Conrad,  1848,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  bent, 

bow-shaped.] 
flexuosus,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  wavy.] 
flexuosus  ear.  gracilis,  Hall,  1860,  Can. 

Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol.  5,  Silurian.     [Sig. 

slender.] 
proprius,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  peculiar,  lasting.] 


Ortonia,  Nicholson,  1872,  Lond.  Geo.  Mag., 
vol.  9.  This  is  a  synonym  for  Conch- 
icolites, if  indeed  both  are  not  syn- 
onyms for  Cornulites. 

conica,  syn.  for  Conchicolites  flexuosus. 

intermedia,  see  Conchicolites  intermedius. 

minor,  see  Conchicolites  minor. 
Salterella,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

billingsi,  Safford,   1869,   Geo.   of  Tenn., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

obtusa,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  obtuse.] 

pulchella,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  very  beautiful.] 

rugosa,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  wrinkled.] 
Serpida,  Linnaeus,  1758,  Syst.  Nat.,  10th  ed. 
[Ety.  serpo,  to  creep.] 

omphalodes,  see  Spirorbis  omphalodes. 

valvata,  see  Spirorbis  valvatus. 
Serpulites,  McLeay,  1839,  Murch.  Sil.  Syst. 
[Ety.  Serpula,  a  genus  of  annelids.] 

anhulatus,  Dawson,   1868,   Acad.  Geol., 
Carboniferous.     [Sig.  ringed.] 

dissolutus,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig.  weak,  broken.] 

hortonensis,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 
Carboniferous.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 

inelegans,   Dawson,   1868,    Acad.   Geol., 
Carboniferous.     [Sig.  not  elegant.] 

murchisoni,  Hall,  1861,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis., 
Potsdam  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

splendens,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  and 
Geo.,  vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.  [Sig.  splendid.  ] 


ANNELIDA. 


207 


Spirokbis,  Lamarck,  1801,  Syst.  An.  sans 
Vert.     [Sig.  spiral-whorl.] 

ammon,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 

angulatus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep. 
N.Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  angular.] 

angulatus,  Dawson,  1868.  The  name  was 
preoccupied. 

annulatus,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 
vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  ringed.] 

annulatus  var.  nodulosus,  Hall,  1858, 
Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  Warsaw  Gr. 
[Sig.  full  of  knots.] 

arietinus,  Dawson,  1869,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  resembling  a  ram's 
horn.] 

arkonensis,  Nicholson,  1874,  Geo.  Mag., 
vol.  1,  Ham.  Gr,   [Ety.  proper  name.] 


carbonarius,  Dawson,  1845,  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc.,  vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
pertaining  to  coal.] 

flexuosus,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 
vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  bent.] 

inornatus,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 
vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  not  orna- 
mented.] 

laxus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  loose.] 

obesus,  Winchell,  1866,  Rep.  Low.  Pen- 
insula Mich.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  plump 
in  form.] 

orbiculostoma,  Swallow,  1858,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.  [Sig. 
orbicular-mouthed .  ] 

valvatus,  Goldfuss,  1826,  (Serpula  valvata). 
Not  American. 


CLASS  CKUSTACEA. 


FAMILY  ACIDASPID^E.— Acidaspis,  Terataspis. 

FAMILY  AGLASPIDiE— Aglaspis. 

FAMILY  AGNOSTID^E.— Agnostus,  Shumardia. 

FAMILY  ASAPHID^E. — Asaphus,  Bathyurellus,   Bathyurus,  Dolichometopus,  Ilkenus, 

Illsenurus,  Isotelus,  Megalaspis,  Nileus,  Ogygia. 
FAMILY  BRONTEIDyE.-Bronteus. 

FAMILY  CALYMENID.E.— Arges,  Calymene,  Homalonotus. 
FAMILY  CERAURIDiE. — Amphion,  Ceraurus,  Encrinurus,  Sphserexochus. 
FAMILY  CONOCEPHALIDJE.— Conocephalites,  Conocoryphe,  Crepicephalus,  Dicello- 

cephalus,  Ptychaspis,  Solenopleura. 
FAMILY  CYPHxYSPID^.— Cyphas. 

FAMILY  CYTHERID/E.— Cythere,  Cytherina,  Cytheropsis. 

FAMILY  ETJRYPTERIDiE.— -Anthraconectes,  Dolichopteris,  Eurypterus,  Pterygotus. 
FAMILY  HARPEDID.E.— Harpes,  Harpides. 

FAMILY  LEPERDITIID^E.— Beyrichia,  Isochilinia,  Leperditia,  Primitia. 
FAMILY  LICHASID.E.— Lichas. 
FAMILY  PARADOXIDiE— Agraulos,    Anapolenus,    Arionellus,    Bathynotus,   Chario- 

cephalus,  Loganellus,  Menocephalus,  Olenellus,  Olenus,  Paradoxides,  Remopleu- 

rides,  Telephus,  Triarthrella,  Triarthrus. 
FAMILY  PHACOPID^E.— Dalmanites,  Phacops,  Thaleops. 

FAMILY  PROETID^E.— Phillipsia,  Prcetus.  [cleus. 

FAMILY  TRINUCLEIDvE. — Ampyx,  Endymionia,   Holometopus,  Microdiscus,  Trinu- 
ORDER  AMPHIPODA.— Diplostylus. 
ORDER  CIRRHOPODA.— Plumulites. 
ORDER  ISOPODA— Acanthotelson. 

ORDER  MACRURA. — Anthraeopalsemon,  Archseocaris,  Palseocaris. 
ORDER  PHYLLOPODA. — Ceratiocaris,  Dithyrocaris,  Leaia,  Solenocaris. 
ORDER  STOMAPODA.— Amphipeltis. 
ORDER  XYPHOSURA.— Euproops. 
INCERTyE  SEDIS. — Climachtichnites,   Diplichnites,  Helminthoidichnites,  Protichnites, 

Rusichnites. 


Acantfwloma,  syn.  for  Acidaspis. 

gpinosa,  syn.  for  Acidaspis  tuberculata. 
Acanthotelson,    Meek  &  Worthen,    1860, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.     [Ety.  akantha, 

a  spine;   telson,  the  end.] 
eveni.  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  46,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
iruequalis,  syn.  for  Palseocaris  typus. 
stimpsoni,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 


Acidaspis,  Murchison,  1839,  Sil.  Syst.     [Ety. 

akis,  a  spear-point;   aspis,  a  shield.] 
anchoralis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,  Cin.  Quar. 

Jour.  Sci.,  Cin.  Gr.  [Sig.  anchor-like.] 
ceralepta,  Anthony,  1838,  (Ceratocephala 

ceralepta)  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  Cin'ti  Gr. 

Not  clearly  denned, 
cincinnatiensis,   Meek,   1873,   Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
crosotus,  Locke,  1843,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol. 

44,  Cin'ti  Gr.    [Ety.  crossotos,  fringed.] 

The  word  is  misspelled— it  should  be 

crossota. 


CRUSTACEA. 


209 


danai,  Hall,  1862,  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
criopis,  see  Terataspis  eriopis. 
qrcmdis,  see  Terataspis  grandis. 
halli,  Shumard,  18  55,   Geo.   Sur.   Mo 

Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
haniata,  Conrad,  1841,  (Dieranurus  luuu- 

atus)   Ann.   Rep.  N.  Y.,  Low.  Held. 

Gr.     [Sig.  hooked.] 
horani,  Billings,  185  9,  Rep.  of  Progr., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
iila,  svn.  for  Aeidaspis  danai. 
onealli,   S.    A.    Miller,    1875,  Cin.    Quar. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.   2,  Cin'ti  Gr.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
parvula,  Walcott,    1877,  29th   Reg.   Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
tpiniger,  see  Bathvurus  spiniger. 
trentonensis,  Hail,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
tuberculata,  Conrad,  1840,  Ann.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Low.  Held.  Gr.       [Sig.  tubercu- 

lated.] 
Aglaspis,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  &  1862, 

Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol.  6.  [Ety.  Aglaos, 

bright;  swu,   shield.] 
barrandi,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
A.GNOST0S,  Brongniart,  1822,  Hist.  Nat.  Crust. 

Foss.     [Ety.  agnostos,  obscure.] 
acadicus,  Hartt,   1868,   Acad.   Geol.,  St. 

John's  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
americanus,   Billings,   1860,  Can.    Nat.  & 

Geol.,  vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
bidens,  Meek,  1872,  Hayden's  Geo.  Rep., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  two-pronged.] 
canadensis,  Billings,  1860,   Can.    Nat.    & 

Geol.,  vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
coloradoensis,  Shumard,  1861,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.  &  Arts,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
disparilis,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  unequal.] 
fabius,  Billings,  186-5,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
galba,   Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,    vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
interstrictus,    White,  1874,   Rep.  Invert. 

Foss.,  Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig.  drawn  to- 
gether.] 
josepha,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
fate*,  see  Beyrichia  lata, 
lobatus,   Hall,   1847,   Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  lobate.] 
maladensis,  Meek,  1872,  Hayden's  Geo. 

Rep.,   Calciferous  Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
nobilis,  Ford,  1872,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd 

series,  vol.  3,  Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig.  ex- 
cellent.] 
orion,  Billings,  1860,  Can.   Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.   [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
parilis,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Potsdam  Gr.    [Sig.  like,  equal.] 


similis,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  St.  John's 

Gr.     [Sig.  similar,   from  resemblance 

to  A.  acadicus.'] 
A(.k.ulos,  Corda,  1847, Bohemian Trilobites. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
affinis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig.  near  to;  closely 

allied  to  A.  socialis.] 
oweni,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1861,  (Arionel- 

lus  oweni)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
socialis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig.  living  in  groups.] 
strenuus,   Billings,   1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  vigorous.] 
Amimiiox,  Pander,  18:50,  Beitrage  zur  Geog- 

nosie  des  Russischen  Reiches.      [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
barrandi,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
canadensis,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  and 

Geol.,  vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
convexus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  convex.] 
insularis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  on  an  island.] 
julius,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
matutinus,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Sig.  in  the  morning.] 
multkegmentatus,  see  Encrinurus  multiseg- 

mentatus. 
salteri,  Billings,  1861,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  6,  Calciferous  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
westoni,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Amphipeltis,  Salter,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 


Soc,  vol.  19.     [Ety.  amphi,  doubtful : 

peliis,   provided 

buckler.] 


with  a  shield  or 


paradoxus,  Salter,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc,  vol.  19,  Devonian.     [Sig.  extra- 
ordinary.] 
Ampyx,  Dalman,  1827,  Monograph  of  Trilo- 
bites.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

halli,  Billings,   1861,  Pal.   Foss.,   vol.  1, 
Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

laeviusculus,   Billings,    1865,  Pal.   Foss., 
Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  quite  smooth.] 

normalis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  according  to  the 
square.] 

rutilius,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
semicostatus,  Billings,   1865,   Pal.   Foss., 

vol.  1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  half-ribbed.] 
AxopoLExrs,  Salter,  1864,  Geo.  Mag.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  a,  without ;    ops,  an  eye ;    olena, 

convexity.] 
venustus,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Low.  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
Axthraconectes,   Meek  &  Worthen,  1868, 

Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  46.  [Ety.  anthrax, 
coal ;  nectos,  swimming.]  A  subgenus 
of  Eurypterus,  founded  upon  E. 
mazontnsis,  as  the  type. 


210 


CRUSTACEA. 


Anthracopal^emon,  Salter,  1861,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  17.      [Ety.  an- 
thrax,  coal ;  pakemon,   ancient  prawn 

or  shrimp.] 
gracilis,   Meek   &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

slender.] 
hillanus,  Dawson,  1877,  Geo.  Mag.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Arciijeocaris,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.    Phil.      [Ety.    archaios,    ancient; 

karis,  a  shrimp.] 
vermiformis,    Meek,    1872,  Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig.  worm- 
shaped.] 
Arges,  Goldfuss,   1839,   Nova    Acta    Phys. 

Acad.   Caes.  Leop.  Nat.   Cur.     [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
phlyctainodes,   Green,  1837,    (Calymene 

phlyctainodes)  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  32, 

Niagara  Gr.   [Sig.  pimplj',  pustulous.] 
Arionellus,  Barrande,  1852,  Syst.  Sil.  Boh. 

[Ety.  diminutive  of  Arion,  a  generic 

name.] 
bipunctatus,  Shumard,  1863,   Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Potsdam  Gr.    [Sig. 

double-dotted.] 
cylindricus,   Billings,    1860,  Can.   Nat.  & 

Geo*,  vol.  5.  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  cylin- 
drical.] 
oweni,  see  Agraulos  oweni. 
planus,  Shumard,  1861,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  flat.] 
pustulatus,  Walcott,  1877,  29th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Chazy  Gr.      [Sig.  pustulated.] 
subclavatus,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  some- 
what club-shaped.] 
texanus,  Shumard,  1861,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
tripunctatus,  Whitfield,  1876,  Rep.  Recon. 

Up.  Mo.  to  Yel.  Nat.  Park,  Potsdam 

Gr.    [Sig.  three-dotted.] 
Asaphiscm,  Meek.     Syn.  for  Bathyurellus. 

wheeleri,  see  Bathyurellus  wheeleri. 
Asaphus,  Brongniart,  1822,  Hist.  Nat.  Crust. 

Foss.      [Ety.  asaphus,  uncertain,  ob- 
scure.] 
acantholeurus,  see  Dalmanites  acantholeu- 

rus. 
alacer,   Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Sig.  lively, 

quick.] 
aspectans,  Conrad,  see  Dalmanites  aspect- 

ans. 
astragalotes,  Green,  1834,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  25,  (?)  Gr.   [Sig.  having  vertebras.] 
barrandi,   Hall,   1851,  Lake   Sup.    Land. 

Dist.,    Birdseye    Gr.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
canadensis,  Chapman,  1856,  Can.  Jour., 

vol.   2,  Trenton   Gr.     [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
canalis,  see  Isotelus  canalis. 
cory<xms,  see  Proetus  corycceus. 
crypturus,  Green,  1827,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  13,  Up.  Sil.    [Sig.  concealed  tail.] 


curiosus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  curious.] 

dentieulatus,  see  Dalmanites  denticulatus. 

diurus,  Green,  1840,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol. 
37,  Niagara  Gr.  Probably  the  frag- 
ment of  a  Dalmanite. 

extans,  see  Bathyurus  oxtans. 

gigas,  see  Isotelus  gigas. 

goniocercus,  Meek,  1872,  Hayden's  Geo. 
Rep.,  Quebec  Gr.   [Sig.  angular-tailed.] 

goniurus,  Billings,  18(i8,  Can.  Nat.,  vol. 
5,  Quebec  Gr.      [Sig.  angular-tailed.] 

halli,  Conrad,  1840,  syn.  for  Dalmanites 
boothi. 

halli,  Chapman,  1858,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 
Hist.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  2,  Trenton  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

hausmani,  Brongniart,  as  identified  by 
D'Archiac  and  Verneuil.  Not  Amer- 
ican. 

hincksi,  Salter,  1859,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 
Hist.,  3rd  series,  vol.  4,  Trenton  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

homalonotoides,  Walcott,  1877,  29th  Reg. 
Rep.  N.  Y.,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  like 
Homalonotns.~] 

huttoni,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

illaanoides,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.,  vol. 
5,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  like  an  Ulaenus.] 

iowensis,  Owen,  1852,  Geo.  Wis.,  Iowa 
and  Minn.,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

laticostatus,  syn.  for  Dalmanites  anchiops. 

latirnarginatus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y., 
vol.  1,  Trenton  and  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  broad-margined.] 

limulurus,  see  Dalmanites  limulurus. 

marginalis,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  having  a  margin.] 

megalopthalmus,  Troost,  1840,  5th  Geo. 
Tenn.,  Niagara  Gr.  Not  clearly  de- 
fined, but  probably  a  Dalmanites. 

meghtos,  see  Isotelus  megistos. 

micrurus,  see  Dalmanites  micrurus. 

morrisi,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

myrmecopltorus,  see  Dalmanites  myrme- 
cophorus. 

nasutus,  see  Dalmanites  nasutus. 

notans,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  marked.] 

obtusus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  1, 
Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  obtuse.] 

pelops,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 
Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

platycephalus,  Stokes,  1823,  Geo.  Trans., 
vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  flat-headed.] 

platypleurus,  Green,  1837,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
vol.  32,  Low.  Sil.     [Sig.  flat-sided.] 

pleuropteryx,  see  Dalmanites  pleuropteryx. 

polypleurus,  Green,  1838,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
vol.  34,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety.  many- 
ribbed.]    Probably  a  Phittipsia. 

quadraticaudatus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal. 
Foss.,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  square-tailed.] 


CRUSTACEA. 


211 


romingeri,  Waloott,  1876,  Desc.  New  Pal. 
Foss.,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

selenurus,  see  DalirJanites  selenurus. 

stokesi,  see  Proetus  stokesi. 

tetragonocephalus,Green,  1834,Arn.  Jour. 
Sci.,  vol.  25.     [Sig.  square-headed.] 

trentonensis,  see  Lichas  trentonensis. 

trimblii,  Green,  1837,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  7,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

vetustus,  Hall,  1847,  (Ogvgia  vetustus) 
Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  &  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 

wisconsinensis,  Walcott,  1876,  Desc.  New 
Sp.  Foss.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Atops,  Emmons.     Syn.  for  Triarthrus. 

trilineatus,  see  Triarthrus  trilineatus. 
Barrandia,  Hall,  1860.     The  name  was  pre- 
occupied  by  McCov  1849,   and   Ole- 
nellus was  afterwards  substituted. 

thompsoni,  see  Olenellus  thompsoni. 

vermontana,  see  Olenellus  vermontanus. 
Bathyxotu.s,  Hall,  1860,  18th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.       [Ety.  bathys,  ample;    notos,  the 
back ;  in  allusion  to  the  ample  central 
lobe  or  axis  of  the  typical  species.] 

holopvga,  Hall,  1859,  (Olenellus  holo- 
pyga)  12th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Potsdam 
Gr.  [Ety.  holos,  entire,  all ;  pygos, 
rump.] 
BathyUKEllus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss. 
[Ety.  diminutive  of  Batkt/urut,oi  which 
it  is  a  subgenus.] 

abruptus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  abrupt.] 

bradleyi,  Meek,  1872,  Hayden'sGeo.  Rep., 
Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

expansus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  spread  out.] 

formosus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

fraternus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  fraternal.] 

litoreus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.    [Sig.  occurring  on  the  beach.] 

marginatus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  bordered.] 

nitidus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 
Gr.     [Sig.  neat,  pretty.] 

rarus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 
Gr.     [Sig.  rare.] 

truncatus,  Meek,  1872,  Hayden's  Geo. 
Rep.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  truncated.] 

validus/Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 
Gr.     [Sig.  strong.] 

wheeleri,    Meek,  18  72,   Hayden's  Geo. 

Rep.,  Quebec  Gr.    [Ety.  propername.] 

BATiiYtRus,     Billings,     1859,    Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  4.     [Ety.  bathys,  deep;  oura, 

the  tail.] 

amplimarginatus,  Billings,  1859,  Can. 
Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol.  4,  Calciferous  Gr. 
[Sig.  full-bordered.] 

angelini,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geol.,  vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 


arcuatus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  bent.] 
armatus,     Billings,    1860,   Can.   Nat.   & 

Geo.,  vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  armed.] 
bituberculatus,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat 

&  Geol.,  vol.  5,    Quebec    Gr.      [Sig. 

double-tuberculated.  ] 
breviceps,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  short-headed.] 
capax,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  large.] 
caudatus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  having  a  tail.] 
conicus,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Calciferous  Gr.     [Sig.  conical.] 
cordai,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  5,  Calciferous  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
cybele,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  4,  Calciferous  Gr.     [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 
dubius,  Billings.  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.      [Sig.  doubtful.] 
extans,  Hall,  1847,  (Asaphus  extans)  Pal. 

N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  stand- 
ing up.] 
gregarius,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Potsdam   Gr.      [Sig.   occurring  in 

flocks.] 
haydeni,  Meek,  1872,  Hayden's  Geo.  Rep., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
longispinus,   Walcott,   1876,  Desc.    New 

Sp.  Foss.,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  long-spined.] 
minganensis,   Billings,   1S65,  Pal.  Foss., 

vol.  1,  Calciferous  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
nero,  Billings.   1865,   Pal.   Foss.,   vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
oblongus,    Billings,  1860,  Can.    Nat.    & 

Geol.,  vol.5,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  oblong.] 
parvulus,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
perplexus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  intricate,  per- 
plexing.] 
perspicator,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  sharp-sighted; 

from  the  large  eyes.] 
quadratus,    Billings,    1860,  Can.   Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  square- 
shaped.] 
saffordi,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &Geo., 

vol.    5,    Quebec    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
senectus,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  extreme  age.] 
serratus,  Meek,  1872,  Hayden's  Geo.  Rep., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  serrated.  ] 
smithi,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Black  Riv.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
solitarius,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  solitary.] 
spiniger,  Hall,  1847,  (Acidaspis  spiniger) 

Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  &  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  spiny.] 
strenuus,   Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  vigorous.] 


212 


CRUSTACEA. 


timon,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
vetulus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  old.] 
Belinurus,    Konig,    1825,    Icones    Fossilium 

Sectiles.     [Ety.  belos,  a  dart ;  oura,  the 

tail.] 
danse,  see  Euproops  danse. 
Beyrichia,  McCoy,  1850,  Syn.  Sil.  Foss.  Ire- 
land.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
sequilatera,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Silurian.     [Sig.  equal  sided.] 
atlantica,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,   vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.       [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
chambersi,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  1,   Cin'ti  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
ciliata,   Emmons,   1855,  American  Geo., 

Cin'ti  Gr.    [Sig.  haired  on  the  margin.] 
cincinnatiensis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1875,   Cin. 

Quar.  Jour.  Sci., vol.  2,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
clathrata,  Jones,  1858,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.,   3rd  series,  vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  latticed.] 
decora,   Billings,   1866,  Catal.   Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  suitable.] 
duryi,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  1,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
foetoidea,  White  &  St.  John,  1868,  Trans. 

Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  Up.  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

like  a  tumor.] 
granulosa,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  granular.] 
granulata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  granulated.] 
jonesi,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Car- 
boniferous.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lata,  Vanuxem,   1842,   (Agnostus   latus) 

Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig. 

wide.] 
lithofactor,  White  &  St.  John,  1868,  Prel. 

Notice  of  New  Foss.,Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

made  of  stone.] 
logani,  Jones,  1858,  Ann.  Nat.  Hist.,  3rd 

ser.,  vol.  1,  Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
logani  var.  leperditoides,  Jones,    1858, 

Can.  Org.  Rem.,  Decade  3,  Chazy  Gr. 

[Sig.  like  the  genus  Leperditia.] 
reniformis,  Jones,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  3,  Chazy  Gr.      [Sig.  kidney- 
shaped.] 
maccoyana,  Jones,  1855,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  16,  Onondaga  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
notata,  Hall,   1859,   Pal.   N.   Y.,   vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  marked.] 
notata  var.  ventricosa,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N. 

Y.,  vol.   3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig. 

bulged  out.] 
oculifera,  Hall,  1871,  Pamphlet.Cin'ti  Gr. 

[Sig.  bearing  eyes.] 
oculina,  Hall,   1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  having  eyes.] 


pennsylvanica,  Jones,  1858,  Ann.  &  Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  1,  Onondaga 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
petrifactor,  White  &  St.  John,  1868,  Trans. 

Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig. 

made  of  stone.] 
petrifactor  var.  velata,  White  &  St.  John, 

1868,  Trans.  Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  St.  Louis 

Gr.     [Sig.  covered.] 
plagosa,  Jones,  1858,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  full  of  stripes.] 
punctulifera,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  bearing  punc- 
tures.]   • 
pustulosa,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Silurian.      [Sig.  covered  with 

pustules.  ] 
quadrilirata,  syn.  for  Beyrichia  regularis. 
regularis,   Emmons,   1855,   Am.  Geol., 

Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  formed  in  bars.] 
richardsoni,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin.  Quar. 

Jour.   Sci.,   vol.   1,   Cin'ti     Gr.   [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
rugulifera,  Jones,  1858,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.,  3rd  series,  vol.   1,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  bearing  wrinkles.] 
sigillata,  Jones,  1858,  Ann.  &  Mag.   Nat. 

Hist.,  3rd  series,  vol.   1,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  adorned  with  figures.] 
spinosa,  Hall,  1852,  (Cytherina  spinosa) 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.      [Sig. 

covered  with  spines.] 
striato-marginata,  S.  A.  Miller,  1874,  Cin. 

Quar.   Jour.    Sci.,   vol.    1,  Cin'ti   Gr. 

[Sig.  having  a  striated  margin.] 
symmetrica,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  symmetrical.] 
trisulcata,  Hall,    1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  three-furrowed.] 
tumifrom,  syn.  for  Beyrichia  ciliata. 
venusta,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.   Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.    [Sig.  beautiful.] 
Brongniartia,  Eaton,  1832,  Geo.  Text  Book. 

Syn.  for  Asaphus. 
Bronteus,    Goldfuss,    1843,    in   Burmeister, 

Mon.  Tri.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
acamas,  Hall,  1865,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y, 

Niagara    Gr.      [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
barrandi,   Hall,   1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
insularis,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.      [Sig.  upon  an 

island.] 
lunatus,   Billings,   1857,   Rep.    of  Progr., 

Trenton  Gr.       [Sig.  crescent-formed.] 
niagarensis,  Hall,  1852,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name] 
occasus,  syn.  for  Bronteus  acamas. 
Bumastus,  Murchison,  1839,  Sil.   Syst.     See 

Ulsenus. 
barriensis,  see  Illamus  barriensis. 
trentonemis,  see  Illsenus  trentonensis. 


CRUSTACEA. 


213 


Calymene,  Brongniart,  1822,  Hist.  Nat. 
Crust.  Foss.  [Ety.  kekalymenos,  con- 
cealed.] 

anchiops,  see  Dalmanites,  anchiops. 

becki,  see  Triarthrus  becki. 

blumenbachi,  Brongniart,  1822,  Hist.  Nat. 
Crust.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

bucklandi,  syn.  for  Ceraurus  pleurexan- 
themus. 

bufo,  see  Phacops  bufo. 

callicephala,  Green,  1832,  Monograph 
Trilobites,  Cin'ti  Gr.  [Sig.  beautiful 
head.] 

camerata,  Conrad,  1842,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  vol.  8,  Coralline  limestone.  [Sig. 
arched.] 

christyi,  Hall,  1800,  13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.Y., 
Cin'ti  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

clintoni,  Vanuxem,  (Hemicrypturus  clin- 
toni)  Geo.  Rep.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Clin- 
ton Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

crassimarginata,  see  Proetus  crassimargi- 
natus. 

mammillata,  Hall,  1801,  Geo.  Rep.  Wis., 
Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  covered  with  nip- 
ples.] 

jnarginalis,  see  Proetus  marginalis. 

multicosta,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 
Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  having  many  ribs.] 

niagarensis,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.Rep.  4th  Dist. 
N.  Y.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.]  This  is  the  American  variety 
of  C.  blumenbachi. 

mipera,  see  Phacops  nuperus. 

odontocephala,  syn.  for  Dalmanites  selenu- 
rus. 

phlyctainodes,  see  Arges  phlyctainodes. 

platys,  Green,  1832,  Monograph  of  Trilo- 
bites, Schoharie  grit.     [Sig.  broad.] 

roirii,  see  Proetus  rowii. 

rugosa,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep.  Mo., 
Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  wrinkled.] 

senaria,  Conrad,  1841,  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  is 
said  to  be  in  allusion  to  six  tubercles 
on  the  buckler,  but  the  application  is 
not  evident.]  It  is  a  syn.  for  C.  calli- 
cephala. 

spiaifera.     Not  defined. 

trisulcata,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 
N.  Y.,  Clinton  Gr.  [Sig.  three-fur- 
rowed.] 
Ceratiocaris,  McCoy,  1849,  Ann.  &  Mag. 
Nat.  Hist.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  4.  [Ety.  kera- 
tion,  a  pod  ;   karis,  shrimp.] 

aculeata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Waterlime  Gr.  [Sig.  armed  with 
sharp  points.] 

acuminata,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  AVaterliine  Gr.  [Sig.  sharp-pointed.] 

armata,  Hall,  1803,  10th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  armed.] 

bradleyi,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 


deweyi,  Hall,  1859,  (Onchus  deweyi)  Pal. 
N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

elytroides,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig.  like  the 
elytra  of  Beetles.] 

longicauda,  Hall,  1803,  10th  Reg.  Rep. 
N.  Y.,  Genesee  slate.  [Sig.  long- 
tailed.] 

maccoyana,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
3,  Waterlime  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

punctata,  Hall,  1803,  10th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  punctured.] 

sinuata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1808,  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  40,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
marked  with  depressions.] 

strigata,   Meek,    1872,   Proc.   Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  furrowed, 
grooved.] 
Ceratocephala,  Warder.     Not  defined  so  as  to 
be  recognized. 

ceralepta,  Anthony,  a  fragment  of  the  tail 
of  a  Ceraurus  pleurexanthemus  or  of  an 
Acidaspis. 

goniata,  Warder,  a  fragment  of  a  Dalman- 
ites or  an  Acidaspis. 
Ceraurus,  Green,  1832,  Monograph  Trilob- 
ites.     [Ety.  keras,  a  horn;  oura,  the 
tail.] 

apollo,  Billings,  1800,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 
vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

bimucronatus,  see  Ceraurus  niagarensis. 

crosotus,  see  Acidaspis  crosotus. 

eryx,  Billings,  1800,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 

glaucus,  Billings,  1805,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 
Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name,] 

icarus,  Billings,  1850,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 
vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 

insignis,  see  Ceraurus  niagarensis. 

mercurius,  Billings,  1805,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.      [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

niagarensis,  Hall,  1807,  20th  Reg.  Rep., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

numitor,  Billings,  1800,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 

nuperus,  Billings,  1800,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Sig.  late,  re- 
cent.] 

perforator,  Billings,  1805,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  a  borer  through.] 

pleurexanthemus,  Green,  1832,  Monog. 
Trilobites,  Trenton  and  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Ety.  pleura,  a  side ;  exanthema,  break- 
ing out.] 

polydorus,  Billings,  1805,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

pompilius,  Billings,  1805,  Pal.  Foss., 
Chazy  &  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

prolificus,  Billings,  1805,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  prolific,  common.] 

pustulosus,  syn.  for  Ceraurus  pleurexan- 
themus. 


214 


CRUSTACEA. 


rarus,  Walcott,  1877, 29th  Reg.  Rep.  N.Y., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  rare.] 
satyrus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.    Foss.,  Chazy 

Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
-sol,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec  Gr. 

[Ety.  mythological  name.] 
solitarius,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  solitary,  alone.] 
vigilans,  see  Encrinurus  vigilans. 
vulcanus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
Chariocephalus,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep. 

[Ety.    charis,  charming   or    graceful; 

kephale,  head.] 
whitfieldi,   Hall,   1863,    16th    Reg.  Rep., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Clieirurus,  Beyrich,  syn.  for  Ceraurus. 
Climachtichnites,  Logan,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  5.       [Ety.    klirnax,    ladder ; 

ichnos,  a  foot  step.] 
wilsoni,  Logan,  1860,  Can.   Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,    Potsdam    Gr.    [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
Colpocaris,  Meek,  1872,  a  subgenus  of  Ceratio- 

caris. 
Conocephalus,  Zenker,   1833,   Beitr.    Naturg. 

Preoccupied  for  a  genus  of  Orthoptera. 
Conocephalites,   Adams,    1848,    Am,  Jour. 

Sci.,  2d  series,  vol.  5.       [Ety.  konos,  a 

cone;   kepliale,  head.] 
adamsi,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
anatinus,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  duck-like.] 
antiquatus,  Salter,  1859,  Jour.  Geo.  Soc, 

vol.  15,  Potsdam   Gr.      [Sig.  very 

ancient.] 
arenosus,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  Pots- 
dam Gr.     [Sig.  sandy.] 
aurora,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad  Geol.,  St.  John's 

Gr.     [Sig.  morning.] 
baileyi,  Hartt,   186  8,  Acad.  Geol.,  St. 

John's  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
billingsi,  Shumard,  1861,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.   32,  Potsdam   Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
binodus,   Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.   N. 

Y.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  two-knotted.] 
pewensis,    Owen,    1852,   (Lonchoce- 

phalus  chippewaensis)   Geo.   Iowa, 

Wis.  &  Minn.,  Potsdam  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
depressus,  Shumard,  1861,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  32,  Potsdam  Gr.    [Sig.  depressed.] 
diadematus,  Hall,  1863, 16th  Reg.  Rep.N. 

Y.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  adorned  with 

a  diadem.] 
dorsalis,  Hall,  1863, 16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  from  the  back.] 
elegans,  Hartt,  18  68,   Acad.   Geol..  St. 

John's  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant] 
eos,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.    Rep.    N.  Y., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  the  dawn.] 
eryon,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Poisdam  Gr.      [Sig.  from  the  genus 

Eryon.'] 
formosus,   Hartt,   1868,  Acad.   Geol.,  St. 

John's  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 


chippe 


gemini-spinosus,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 

St.  John's  Gr.   [Sig.  covered  with  twin- 
spines.] 
halli,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  St.  John's 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hamulus,   Owen,  1852,  (Lonchocephalus 

hamulus)  Geo.  Iowa,  Wis.  &  Minn., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  hook.] 
iowensis,   Owen,    1852,    (Dikelocephalus 

iowensis)  Geo.  Iowa,  Wis.  &  Minn., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
mathewi.   Hartt,   1868,   Acad.  Geol.,  St. 

John's  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
minor,  Shumard,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  less.] 
minutus,  Bradley,  1860,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  30,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 
miser,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  wretched,   poor.] 
nasutus,    Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  having  a  prom- 
inent nose.] 
neglectus,   Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  St. 

John's  Gr.     [Sig.  overlooked.] 
optatus,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y, 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  desired.] 
orestes,  Hartt,1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  St.  John's 

Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
ouangondianus,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 

St.  John's  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
oweni,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pattersoni,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
perseus,  Hall,  1863, 16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Potsdam  Gr.       [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
quadratus,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  St. 

John's  Gr.     [Sig.  squared.] 
robbi,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  St.  John's 

Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
shumardi,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
tener,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  St.  John's 

Gr.     [Sig.  delicate.] 
teucer,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Potsdam   Gr.       [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
thersites,   Hartt,   1868,   Acad.   Geol.,  St. 

John's  Gr.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
vulcanus,  Billings,  1861,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Potsdam  Gr.      [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
winona,  Hall,  1863, 16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
wisconsinensis,  Owen,  1852,  (Crepicepha- 

lus  wisconsinensis)  Geo.  Iowa,   Wis. 

&  Minn.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
zenkeri,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Conocoryphe,   Corda,   1847,   Prodr.      [Ety. 

konos,  a  cone ;  koryphe,  the  top  of  the 

head.] 
kingi,  Meek,  1870,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gallatinensis,  Meek,  1872,  Hayden's  Geo. 

Rep.,  Pots.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 


CRUSTACEA. 


215 


Crepicephalus,  Owen,  1852,  Geo.  Sur.  Wis., 

Iowa  &  Minn.      [Ety.  krepis,  a  horse- 
shoe ;  kephale,  head.] 
miniscaensis,  Owen,  1852,  Geo.  Sur.Wis., 

Iowa  &  Minn.,  Potsdam  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
montanensis, Whitfield,  1876,  Rep.  Recon. 

Up.  Mo.  to  Yel.  Nat.  Park,  Potsdam 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
wixotuiMnm,  see  Conocephalites  wiscon- 

sinensis. 
Oryphxw,  Green,  1837>  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

vol.    7,    syn.    for    Dalmanites.      This 

name   has   priority    over   Dalmanites, 

hut  the  definition  has  not  given  satis- 
faction. 
boothi,  Green,  1837,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

vol.  7.     See  Dalmanites  hoothi. 
callitehis,  see  Dalmanites  calliteles. 
greeni,  syn.  for  Dalmanites  boothi. 
Cryptolithus,  syn.  for  Trinucleus. 

tesselatus,  see  Trinucleus  concentricus. 
Cybelc,  Loven,  1845,  in  Ofversigt  of  Vetensk. 

Acad.  Handl. 
punctata,  Hall,  1852.  This  species  belongs 

to  the  genus  Encrinurus,  and  the  spe- 
cific   name    being    preoccupied,    the 

name  is  changed  to  E.  ornatus. 
Cyphaspis,  Burmeister,  1843,  Monograph  of 

Trilobites.       [Ety.     cypJios,     convex ; 

aspis,  a  shield.] 
christyi,   Hall,   1863,  Trans.    Alb.   Inst., 

vol.    4,    Niagara    Gr.       [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
girardeauensis,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep. 

Mo.,  Up.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Cythere,   Muller,    1785,   Entomostraca  sue 

Insecta,  etc.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
americana,   Shumard,    1858,    Trans.    St. 

Louis   Acad.    Sci.,    Up.    Coal    Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
carbonaria,  Hall,  1858,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,   Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  from  the 

Carboniferous  Group.] 
cineinnatiensis,  Meek,  1872,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,   Cin'ti  Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
crassimarginata,    Winchell,    1862,    Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.     [Sig. 

thick-margi  n  ed .  ] 
nebrascensis,   Geinitz,  1866,   Carb.    und 

Dyas    in    Neb.,    Coal    Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
okeni,  see  Leperditia  okeni. 
simplex,  White  &  St.  John,  1868,  Trans. 

Chi.  Acad.  Sci.,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig. 

simple.] 
subkcvis,  see  Leperditia  subkevis. 
mbrecta,  see  Leperditia  subrecta. 
Cytherixa,    Lamarck,     1818,    Anim.    sans 

Vert.     [Ety.  diminutive  of  Cythere.] 
alta,  see  Leperditia  alta. 
crenulata,    Emmons,    1856,   Am.    Geol., 

Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  crenulated.] 
cylindrka,  see  Isochilina  cylindrica. 
fabulites,  see  Leperditia  fabulites. 


spinosa,  Hall,  1852,  see  Beyrichia  spinosa. 
Not  Reuss  in  1844. 

subcylindrica,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol., 
Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  cylin- 
drical.] This  name  was  preoccupied 
by  Munster  in  1830. 

subelliptica,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol., 
Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  ellip- 
tical.] 
Cytiierops[s,  McCoy,  1849,  Ann.  &  Mag. 
Nat.  Hist.,  2d  series,  vol.  4.  [Ety. 
Oytheropsis,  resembling  Cythere.] 

concinna,  Jones,  1858,  Ann.  Nat.  Hist., 
3rd  series,  vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
neat,  pretty.]  In  1865  Jones  estab- 
tablished  the  genus  Primitia,' in  which 
he  included  this  species. 

rugosa,  Jones,  1858,  Ann.  Nat.  Hist.,  3rd 
series,  vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
wrinkled.] 

siliqua,  Jones,  1858,  Ann.  Nat.  Hist.,  3d 
series,  vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  a 
pod.] 
Dalmania,  Emmrich,  1845.  This  name  hav- 
ing been  preoccupied,  Dalmanites  has 
been  substituted,  though  many  au- 
thors prefer  to  use  Odontochile,  a  name 
proposed  by  Corda. 
Dalmanites,  Emmrich,  1845,  (Dalmania) 
Barrande,  1852,  Sil.  Syst.  Boh.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

acantholeurus,  Conrad,  1841,  (Asaphus 
acantholeurus)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  On- 
ondaga limestone.  [Sig.  smooth- 
spined.] 

achates  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  •&  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 

segeria,  Hall,  1861, 15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

anchiops,  Green,  1832,  (Calymene  anchi- 
ops)  Monograph,  Schoharie  grit.  [Sig. 
from  the  closeness  of  the  eyes.] 

anchiops  var.  armatus,  Hall,  1861,  15th 
Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Schoharie  grit.  [Sig 
armed.] 

aspectans,  Conrad,  1841,  (Asaphus  aspec- 
tans)  Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 
[Sig.  seeing  at  a  glance.] 

bebryx,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 
vol.  5,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 

bifidus,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  divided.] 

boothi,  Green,  1837,  (Cryphasus  boothi) 
Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  7,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

bicornis,  Hall,  1876,28th  Reg.  Rep.  N.Y., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  two-horned.] 

breviceps,  Hall,  1866,  Pamplet,  Cin'ti  Gr. 
[Sig.  short-headed.] 

callicephalus,  Hall,  1847,  (Phacops  calli- 
cephalus)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton 
Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful  head.] 

calliteles,  Green,  1837,  (Cryphseus  calli- 
telus)  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts,  Ham,  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 


216 


CRUSTACEA. 


calypso,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y. 

Up.   Held.   Gr.      [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
carleyi,  Meek,  1872,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd 

ser.,   vol.  3,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
candatus,  see  Dalmanites  limulurus. 
concinnus,   Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,  Schoharie  grit.  [Sig.  handsome.] 
coronatus,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  crowned.] 
danre,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.   Phil.,  Niagara  Gr.       [Ety 

proper  name.] 
dentatus,   Barrett,   1876,  Am.  Jour.  Sci 

&  Arts,  vol.  11,  Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety 

from  the  dentate  margin  of  the  cepha 

lie  shield.] 
denticulatus,   Conrad,   1841,    (Asaphus 

denticulatus)    Ann.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Up 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  from  the  denticulate 

termination  of  the  ribs.] 
emarginatus,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,  Up.  Held.    Gr.       [Sig.   emargi- 

nated.] 
erina,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
helena,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y, 

Corniferous  Gr.      [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
intermedius.Walcott,  1877,  29th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.Y.,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  intermediate.] 
laticaudatus,  Hall,  1847.     Prof.  Hall  says 

this  name  may  be  erased  from  the  list 

of  fossils, 
limulurus,  Green,  1832,  (Asaphus  limu 

lurus)  Monograph  Trilobites,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  having  a  pointed  tail  like 

Limulm  or  king  crab.] 
logani,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol. 

5,  Silurian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
macrops,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  makros,  large ; 

ops,  the  eye.] 
micrurus,  Green,  1832,  (Asaphus  mieru- 

rus)  Monograph  Trilobites,  Low.  Held. 

Gr.     [Sig.  small-tailed.] 
myrmecophorus,  Green,  1835,  (Asaphus 

myrmecophorus)  Supp.  to  Monograph 

of   Trilobites,   Up.   Held.   Gr.      [Sig. 

wart-bearing.] 
nasutus,  Conrad,  1841,  (Asaphus  nasutus) 

Ann.   Rep.   N.   Y.,   Low.   Held.    Gr. 

[Sig.  having  a  prominent  nose.] 
ohioensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1871,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Corniferous  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
pleione,  Hall,  1861, 15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Up.   Held.  Gf.      [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
pleuropteryx,    Green,     1832,     (Asaphus 

pleuropteryx)  Monograph  Trilobites, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.   side- winged.] 
regalis,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Schoharie  grit.     [Sig.  regal.] 
selenurus,  Eaton,  1832,  (Asaphus  selenu- 

rus)  Geo.  Text  Book,  Corniferous  Gr. 

[Sig.  from  the  crescent-shaped  tail.] 


tridens,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  three-toothed.] 
tridentiferus,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.   Rep. 

Mo.,  Low.   Held.   Gr.     [Sig.   bearing 

three  teeth.] 
troosti,  Safford.     Not  defined, 
verrucosus,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  warty.] 
vigilans,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  Progr.  Wis.Sur., 

Niagara    Gr.       [Sig.    watchful,    eyes 

opened.] 
DicELLOCEniALus,    Owen,   1852,    Geo.   Sur. 

Wis.,  Iowa  ct  Min.,  (written  by  Owen, 

Dikelocephalus).    [Ety.  dikella,  a  mat- 
tock; kephale,  head.] 
affinis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foas.,  Quebec 

Gr.     [Sig.  related  to.] 
belli,  Billings,   1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.    5,    Quebec    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
(?)  corax,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
cristatus,    Billings,    1860,    Can.    Nat.  <fc 

Geo.  vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  crested.] 
devinei,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
flagricaudus,   White,  1874,  Rep.    Invert. 

Foss.,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  whip-tailed.] 
granulosus,  see  Ptychaspis  granulosa, 
hisingeri,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
imcensis,  see  Conocephalites  iowensis. 
latifrons,  Shumard,  1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  2,  Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig. 

broad-fronted.] 
limbatus,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  bordered.] 
magnificus,    Billings,  1860,   Can.    Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  mag- 
nificent.] 
megalops,  Billings,    1860,    Can.    Nat.  &, 

Geo.,  vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.      [Sig.  large- 
eyed.] 
miniscaensis,  see  Ptychaspis  miniscaensis. 
minnesotensis,   Owen,   1852,    Rep.  Wis., 

Iowa  &  Minn.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
minnesotensis,  rar.  limbatus,  Hall,  1863, 

16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.   Y.,  Potsdam  Gr. 

[Sig.  bordered.] 
misa,  Hall,  1873,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
missisquoi,    Billings,     1865,    Pal.    Foss., 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.  ] 
osceola,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
oweni,  Billings,  18(50,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.    5,    Quebec   Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
pauper,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 

Gr.    [Sig.  poor,  small.] 
pepinensis,  Owen,  1852,  Rep.  Wis.,  Iowa 

and  Minn.,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
planifrons,   Billings,    1860,  Can.  Nat.   & 

Geo.,  vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  having 

a  plane  front.] 


CRUSTACEA. 


217 


roemeri,   Shumard,  1861,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  32,  Potsdam  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
selectus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  select.] 
sesostris,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
spiniger,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  X. 

Y.,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Sig.  bearing  spines.] 
Dicraniirus,  syn.  for  Acidaspis. 

hamatux,  see  Acidaspis  hamata. 
Dioxide,    Barrande,    1847,    in    Lith.    Proc. 

[Ety.    from  the    mythological    name 

Dione.} 
(?)  perplexa,    Billings,    1866,    Catal.   SO. 

Foss.  Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.     [Sig.  diffi- 
cult, perplexing.] 
Diplexira,  Green,  syn.  for  Homalonotus. 

dekayi,  see  Homalonotus  dekayi. 
Diplichnites,  Dawson,  1863,  Am"  Jour.  Sci. 

and   Arts,   3rd   series,   vol.   5.     [Ety. 

diplos,    double;     ichnos,   foot-print  or 

track.] 
senigma,  Dawson,  1863,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  & 

Arts,   3rd  series,  vol.  5,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  obscure,  perplexing.] 
Diplostylus,  Salter,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.,vol.  19.    [Ety.  Diplostylus,  double- 
tail  ;  in  allusion  to  the  two   pairs  of 

appendages   to   the   last    segment  or 

telson.] 
dawsoni,  Salter,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  19,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Dithyrocaris,    Scouler,    1855,   British  Pal. 

Rocks.        [Ety.    dithros,    having    two 

valves;  carts,  shrimp.] 
belli,  H.Woodward,  1870, Geo.  Mag.,  vol. 

8,  Mid.  Devonian.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
carbonaria,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1869,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

from  the  Coal  Measures.] 
neptuni,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Chemung    Gr.       [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
Dolichometopus,  Angelin,  1852,   Palaeonto- 

logia     Scandinavica.     [Ety.     doliclws, 

long ;  metope,  panel,  or  space  between 

two  hollows.] 
(?)  convexus,   Billings,   1865,  Pal.   Foss., 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  convex.] 
gibberrulus,   Billings,    1865,   Pal.    Foss., 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  humped 

or  convex.] 
rarus,   Billings,   1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Calciferous  Gr.     [Sig.  rare.] 
Dolichopterus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3. 

[Ety.   dolichos,  long;    pteron,  a  wing.] 
macrocheirus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Waterlime  Gr.     [Sig.  long-handed.] 
Elliplocephrtla,  Emmons,  1844,  syn.  forOlenus. 

amphoides,  see  Olenellus  asaphoides.] 
Encrinurus,   Emmrich,  1844,  Zur  Naturge- 

schicte  der  Trilobiten,  im  Pruefungs- 

Prog.  der  Real-Schule,  etc.      [Ety.  (?). 
deltoideus,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Sur.  Mo., 

Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  shaped  like  the  Greek 

letter  Delta.'] 


elegantulus,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Fobs. 
Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Sig.  quite  ele- 
gant.] 

excedrensis,  Safford.     Not  defined. 

lsevis,  Angelin,  1852,  Palseontologia  Scan- 
dinavica, Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  smooth.] 

mirus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  extraordinary.] 

multisegmentatus,  Portlock,  1843,  (Am- 
phion  multisegmentatus)  Rep.  Geo.  of 
Londonderry,  etc.,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Sig. 
having  many  segments.] 

nereus,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.. 
Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

ornatus,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 
vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  ornamented.] 

punctatus,  Wahlenberg,  1821,  Nova  Acta 
Soc.  Upsal.,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Sig.  punc- 
tated.] 

raricostatus,  Walcott,  1877,  29th  Reg. 
Rep.  N.  Y.,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  few- 
ribbed.] 

trentonensis,  Walcott,  1877,  29th  Reg. 
Rep.  N.  Y.,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

vigilans,  Hall,  1847,  (Ceraurus  vigilans) 
Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  &  Tren- 
ton Gr.  [Sig.  vigilant.] 
Endymion,  Billings,  1862.  The  name  being 
preoccupied  for  a  genus  of  plants  the 
author  proposed  Endymionia. 

meeki,  see  Endymionia  meeki. 
Endymionia,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

meeki,  Billings,  1862,  (Endymion  meeki) 
Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
Eupboops,  Meek,  1867,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol. 
43.  [Ety.  eu,  very ;  pro,  forward ;  opt, 
an  eye.] 

danse,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  (Bellinurus 
danas)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal 
Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Eurypterus,  DeKav,  1825,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat. 
Hist.  N.  Y.,voI.  1.  [Ety.  euros,  breadth; 
pteron,  wing  or  fin.] 

dekayi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Waterlime  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 

lacustris,  Harlan,  1834,  Trans.' Geo.  Soc. 
Penn.,  vol.  1,  Waterlime  Gr.  [Sig. 
pertaining  to  a  lake  or  swamp.] 

lacustris  var.  robustus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N. 
Y,  vol.  3, Waterlime  Gr.  [Sig.  robust] 

mazonensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  46,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

micropthalmus,  Hall,  1855,  Pal.  N.  Y., 
vol.  3,  Waterlime  Gr.  [Sig.  having 
small  eyes.] 

pachycheirus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol. 
3,  Waterlime  Gr.  [Sig.  thick-handed.] 

pulicaris,  Salter,  1863,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc,  vol.  19,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  pulis, 
a  little  gate ;  karis,  a  shrimp.] 

pustulosus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 
Waterlime  Gr.  [Sig.  covered  with 
pustules.] 


218 


CRUSTACEA. 


remipes,  DeKay,  1825,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat. 
Hist.  N.  Y.,  Waterlime  Gr.  [Sig.  oar- 
footed.] 

tetragonopthalmus,  Fischer,  1839,  Bull. 
Soc.  Imper.  Nat.  Moscou.,  Waterlime 
Gr.  [Sig.  having  square  eyes.] 
Harpes,  Goldfuss,  1839,  Nova  ActaPhysico- 
medicaAcademise  Ceesarese  Leopoldino 
Carolina?  Naturae  Curiosorum,  vol.  19: 
[Ety.  harpe,  a  hook  or  sickle.] 

antiquatus,  Billings,  1859,Can.Nat.  &Geo., 
vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient,  old.] 

consuetus,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 
Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Sig.  related  to, 
from  its  close  alliance  to  H.  otta- 
wsensis.] 

dentoni,  Billings,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 

escanabise,  Hall,  1851,  Geo.  Lake  Sup. 
Land  Dist.,  vol.  2,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

granti,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 
Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

ottawensis,    Billings,     1865,  Pal.    Foss., 
Trenton  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Harpides,  Beyrich,   1846,  Untersuchungen 
Trilobiten  als  Fort.      [Ety.  from  re- 
semblance to  the  genus  Harpes.] 

atlanticus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.      [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

concentricus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss., 
Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  con  centrical.] 

desertus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.    [Sig.  deserted,  solitary.] 
Helminthoidichnites,  Fitch,  1848,  Geo.  Sur. 
Wash.    Co.      [Sig.    like    little   worm 
tracks.]    See  Gordia  marina. 

marinus,  Fitch,  1848,  Geo.  Sur. Wash.  Co., 
Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  marine.] 

tenuis,  Fitch,  1848,  Geo.  Sur.  Wash.  Co., 
Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 
Hemicrypturus,  Green,  syn.  for  Asaphus. 

clintoni,  Vanuxem,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  3rd 
Dist.  N.  Y.,  Clinton  Gr. 

rasoumowski,  syn.  for  Asaphus  expansus. 
Holometopus,  Angelin,  1852,  Palseontologia 
Scandinavica.     [Ety.  holm,  entire  ;  me- 
topon,  space  between  the  eyes.] 

angelini,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  Quebec 
Gr.    *[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Homalonotus,   Konig,  1825,   Icones.    Foss. 
Sectiles.      [Ety.  homalos,  on  the  same 
level;  notos,  the  back.] 

dawsoni,  Hall,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  5,  Silurian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

dekayi,  Green,  1832,  (Dipleura  dekayi) 
Monograph  of  Trilobites,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

delphinocephalus,  Green,  1832,  (Tri- 
merus  delphinocephalus)  Monograph 
of  Trilobites,  Clinton  &  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  dolphin-headed.] 

jacksoni,  Green,  1837,  (Trimerus  jacksoni) 
Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  32,  Up.  Sil.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

knighti,  Koninck,  1825,  Icones.  Foss. 
Sectiles,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 


vanuxemi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
Ill^nurus,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  YT 

[Ety.    from  the  genus    Illsenus;  oura 

the  tail.] 
quadratus,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Sig.  square-shaped.] 
Illjenus,  Dalman,  1828,  ueber  die  Palseaden 

oder  die  sogenannten  Trilobiten. 

[Ety.  Ulaino,  to  look  awry,  to  squint.] 
americanus,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  4,  Trenton  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
angusticollis,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.   4,   Black  Riv.   Gr.      [Sig. 

having  a  narrow  neck  or  column.] 
arcturus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1, 

Chazy  &  Black.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
arcuatus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  arched.] 
armatus,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  armed.] 
barriemis,   Murch,    1839,   Sil.   Syst.     The 

species  formerly  identified  with  this 

one  is  described  by  Prof.  Hall  as  i/fe- 

nus  ioocus. 
bayfieldi,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
clavifrons,  Billings,  1859,    Can.    Nat.    & 

Geo.,  Chazy  &  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig. 

club-fronted.] 
conifrons,    Billings,    1859,  Can.   Nat.    & 

Geo.,  Black  Riv.  Gr.       [Sig.  having 

a  conical  front.] 
conradi,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
consimilis,     Billings,     1865,    Pal:    Foss., 

Quebec  Gr.   [Sig.  similar  in  all  parts.] 
consobrinus,    Billings,   1865,   Pal.    Foss., 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  nearly  allied.] 
cornigerus,  Hall,  1872,  24th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  horned.] 
crassicauda,  Wahlenberg,  1821,(Entomos- 

tracites  crassicauda)   Nov.   Act.   Soc. 

Upsal.,  vol.  8,  Trenton  &  Galena  Gr. 

[Sig.  thick-tailed.] 
cuniculus,   Hall,   1867,   20th   Reg.    Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Niagara  Gr.        [Sig.  a  cradle.] 
daytonensis,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Ohio 

"Pal.,  vol.  2,  Clinton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
fraternus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.    [Sig.  fraternal.] 
globosus,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  globose.] 
graftonensis,   Meek  &  Worthen,  18  6  9, 

Proc.   Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
grandis,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  &  Mid.  Sil.     [Sig. 

grand.] 
imperator,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.Wis., 

Niagara    Gr.       [Sig.    commander-in- 
chief.] 
incertus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.    [Sig.  uncertain.] 


CRUSTACEA. 


219 


indeterminatus,  Walcott,  1877,  29th  Reg. 

Rep.  N.  Y.,  Black  Riv.  Gr.      [Sig.  not 

determined.] 
insignis,  Hall,  1867,  20tli  Reg.  Rep.  N.Y. 

Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.  distinguished  by  a 

mark.] 
ioxus,  Hall,  1847,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Niagara     Gr.      [Ety.      mythological 

name.] 
latidorsatus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  1, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  broad-backed.] 
milleri,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  4,  Black  River  and  Trenton  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
orbicaudatus,  Billings,  1859,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  4,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  &Mid.  Sil. 

[Sig.  having  a  circular  tail.] 
ovatus,   Conrad,   1843,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 

egg-shaped.] 
simulator,  Billings,  1805,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  imitator.] 
taurus,  Hall,  1861,  Rep.  of  Progr.  Wis. 

Sur.,    Trenton  &  Galena  Gr.     [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
trentonensis,  Emmons,  1842,  (Bumastus 

trentonensis)  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Tren- 
ton Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
tumidifrons,   Billings,    1865,   Pal.   Foss., 

Quebec  Gr.  [Sig.  swollen  out  in  front.] 
vindex,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Chazy 

Gr.     [Sig.  a  defender,  a  revenger.] 
worthenanus,  syn.  for  Illsenus  insignis. 
Isociiilixa,  Jones,   1858,   Can.   Org.   Rem., 

Decade  3.    [Ety.  isos,  equal ;  cheilos,  lip.] 
cylindrica,  Hall,  1852,  (Cytherina  cylin- 

drica)  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  2,  Medina  Gr. 

[Sig.  cylindrical.] 
gracilis,    Jones,    1858,   Can.   Org.    Rem., 

Decade    3,     Black    Riv.    Gr.      [Sig. 

slender.] 
Ottawa,  Jones,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 3,  Black  Riv.  Gr.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Isotelus,  DeKay,  1825,  Annals  Lyceum  Nat. 

Hist.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1.     [Ety.  isos,  equal; 

telos,  end.]     A  subgenus  of  Asaphus. 
canalis,  Conrad,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  Trenton 

&  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.      [Sig.  a  groove  or 

channel.] 
gigas,  DeKav,  1825,  Ann.  Lye.  Nat.  Hist. 

N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  giant] 
maximus,  see  Isotelus  megistos. 
megistos,  Locke,  1841,  Proc.  Am.  Assoc, 

Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  very 

large.] 
vigilans,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Cin'ti.  Gr.    [Sig. 

watching.] 
Leaia,  Jones,   1862,   App.   to  Mon.    Foss., 

Estherise.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
leidyi,  Lea,    1856,  (Cypricardia    leidyi) 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,   vol.   7,  Coal 

Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
tricarinata,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  3,   Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

three-keeled.] 


Leperditia,  Roualt,   1851,  Bull.  Soc.   Geo. 

France,  2nd  series,  t.  8.     [Ety.  lepis, 

a  scale ;  dittos,  double.] 
alta,  Conrad,  1843,  (Cytherina  alta)  Geo. 

Rep.  3rd  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Low.  Held.  Gr. 

[Sig.  high.] 
amygdalina,  Jones,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  3,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  like  an 

almond.] 
anna,  Jones,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 3,  Calciferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
anticostiana,  Jones,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  3,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
arctica,   Jones,   1856,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.,  2nd  series,  vol.    17,    Up.  Sil. 

[Sig.  northern,  arctic] 
bivia,  White,  1874,  Rep.   Invert.   Foss., 

Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  having  two  ways  or 

passages.] 
byrnesi,  S.   A.  Miller,   1874,   Cin.  Quar. 

Jour.   Sci.,  vol.   1,   Cin'ti  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
canadensis,  Jones,  1858,  Ann.  Nat.  Hist., 

3rd  series,  vol.  1,  Chazy  to  Trenton 

Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
capax,  Safford.  Not  defined, 
cayuga,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Cornif.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
concinnula,   Billings,    1865,    Pal.    Foss., 

vol.  1,  Quebec  Gr.      [Sig.  small  and 

beautiful.] 
cylindrica,  Hall,  1871,  Pamphlet,  Cin'ti 

Gr.     [Sig.  cylindrical.] 
faba,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  bean.] 
fabulites,  Conrad,  1843,  (Cytherina  fabu- 

lites)    Proc.    Acad.    Nat.    Sci.    Phil., 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  a  small  bean.] 
fonticola,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  fountain-dwell- 
ing.] 
gibbera,  Jones,  1856,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.,  2nd  series,  vol.  17,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  humpbacked.] 
gracilis,  see  Isochilina  gracilis, 
hudsonica,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
jonesi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
josephana,  Jones,  1858,   Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  3,  Black  Riv.  to  Trenton  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
labrosa,  Jones,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 3,  Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  having  a  rim 

or  border.] 
louckana,  Jones,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem:, 

Decade  3,  Black  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
marginata,   Keyserling,   1846,    Wissen- 

schaftliche  Beobachtungen,  etc.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.    [Sig.  bordered.] 
minutissima,  Hall,  1871,  Pamphlet,  Cin'ti 

Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
rnorgani,  Safford.     Not  defined, 
nana,  Jones,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem.,  De- 
cade 3,  Calciferous  Gr.   [Sig.  dwarfish.] 


CRUSTACEA. 


okeni,  Munster,  1830,   (Cythere  okeni) 

Jahrbuch  fur  Min.,  Geo.  und  Petrif., 

Carboniferous.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Ottawa,  see  Isochilina  Ottawa, 
ovata,  Jones,  1858,   Ann.   &  Mag.   Nat. 

Hist,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  1,  Black  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  egg-shaped.] 
paquettana,  Jones,  1858,  Can.  Org.  Rem., 

Decade  3,  Black  Riv.  Gr.   [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
parasitica,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  parasitic] 
parvula,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
pennsylvanica,  Jones,  1858,  Ann.  &  Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  1,  Clinton  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
punctulifera,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  bearing  dots.] 
scalari8,  Jones,  1858,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  1,  Waterlime  Gr. 

[Sig.  like  a  ladder.] 
seneca,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
sinuata,   Hall,  1860,  Can.   Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Silurian.     [Sig.  marked  with 

depressions.] 
troyensis,  Ford,  1863,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  & 

Arts,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  6,  Low.  Potsdam 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
turgida,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  swollen  out.] 
ventralis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  ventral.] 
spinulifera,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Cornif.  Gr.     [Sig.  bearing  spines.] 
sublsevis,  Shumard,  1855,  (Cythere  sub- 

lsevis)  Geo.  Rep.  Mo.,  Low.  Magnesian 

Gr.    [Sig.  somewhat  smooth.] 
Lichas,  Dalman,  1826,  Monograph  of  Trilo- 

bites.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
armatus,  Hall,  1862.      Being  preoccupied, 

the  name  is  changed  to  L.  eriopia. 
bigsbyi,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
boltoni,  Bigsby,  1825,  (Paradoxides  bol- 

toni)  Jour.   Acad.  Nat.    Sci.,  vol.   4, 

Niagara  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
boltoni  var.  occidentalis,  Hall,  1863,  Trans. 

Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

wG8t6rn.l 
breviceps,  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  short-headed.] 
canadensis,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil.  Foss. 

Antic,  Antic  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
cucullus,   Meek  &  Worthen,   1865,   Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.    Sci.   Phil.,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  cap.] 
decipiens,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865,  Mem. 

Bost.   Soc   Nat.    Hist.,    Niagara    Gr. 

[Sig.  doubtful.] 
eriopia,  see  Terataspis  eriopia. 
grandis,  see  Terataspis  grandis. 
Jukesi,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
minganensis,   Billings,  1865,   Pal.  Foss., 

vol.  1,  Chazy   and    Black    Riv.    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 


nereus,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Niagara    Gr.        [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
pugnax,  AVinchell  &  Marcy,  1865,  Mem. 

Bost.    Soc.   Nat.    Hist.,"  Niagara    Gr. 

[Sig.  war-like.] 
pustulosus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig.   covered  with 

pustules.] 
superb  us,    Billings,    1875,   Can.   Nat.   & 

Geol.,  Cornif erous  Gr.     [Sig.  superb.] 
trentonensis,    Conrad,    1842,     (Asaphus 

trentonensis)  Jour.  Acad.   Nat.   Sci., 

vol.  8,  Black  Riv.,  Trenton  and  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
LoganeUus,  Devine,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  8.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
quebecensis,  see  Olenus  (?)  logani. 
Lonchocephalus,  syn.  for  Conocephalites. 
chippewensis,  see  Conocephalites  chippe- 

wensis. 
hamulus,  see  Conocephalites  hamulus. 
Megalaspis,  Angelin,   1852,    Palseontologia 

Scandinavica.      [Ety.    megale,    great ; 

aspis,  shield.] 
belemnurus,  White,   1874,   Rep.   Invert. 

Foss.,  Quebec  Gr.       [Ety.  belemnon,  a 

dart;  oura,  a  tail.] 
Menocephalus,  Owen,  1852,  Geo.  Sur.  Wis., 

Iowa  &  Minn.     [Ety.  menos,  strength  ; 

kephale,  head.] 
globosus,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  globose.] 
minnesotensis,  Owen,   1852,   Rep.   Iowa, 

Wis.  and  Minn.,  Potsdam  Gr.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
salteri,  Devine,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.    8,    Quebec    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
sedgwicki,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.   5,   Quebec  Gr.        [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
Microdiscus,    Emmons,     1856,    Am.    Geol. 

[Ety.  mikros,  small;  diskos,  a  quoit.] 
dawsoni,   Hartt,   1868,  Acad.   Geol.,   St. 

John's  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lobatus,   Hall,  1847,    (Agnostus  lobatus) 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig. 

divided  into  segments.] 
meeki,  Ford,  1876,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts, 

Low.    Potsdam    Gr.        [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
quadricostatus,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geo., 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  four-ribbed.] 
speciosus,  Ford,  1863,  Am.  Jour.   Sci.  & 

Arts,  3rd  series,  vol.  6,  Low.  Potsdam 

Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
Nileus,    Dalman,    1826,    Monograph  of  Tri- 

lobites.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
affinis,  Billings,   1865,   Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  near  to,  related.] 
macrops,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  having  large  eyes.] 
scrutator,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  a  searcher.] 
Nuttainia,  syn.  for  Trinucleus. 

concentrica,  see  Trinucleus  concentricus. 
sparsa,  syn.  for  Homalonotus  dekayi. 


CRUSTACEA. 


Odontocephalns,   Conrad,     1840,    Ann.    Geo. 
Rep.  N.  Y. 

selenurus,  see  Dalmanites  selenurus. 
Odontochile,  syn.  for  Dalmanites. 
Ogygia,  Brongniart,  1822,  Hist.  Nat.  Crust. 
Foss.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

vetusta,  see  Asaphus  vetustus. 
Olenellus,  Hall,  1861,  14th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.     [Ety.  diminutive  of  Olenus.'] 

asaphoides,  Emmons,  1844,  (Ellipto- 
cephalus  asaphoides)  Geo.  Rep.  N.Y., 
Potsdam  Gr.      [Sig.  like  an  Asaplms.] 

gilberti,  Meek,  1874,  Rep.  Invert.  Foss., 
Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

howelli,  Meek,  1874,  Rep.  Invert.  Foss., 
Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
-  thompsoni,  Hall,  1859,  (Olenus  thomp- 
soni)  12th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  (Barrandia 
thompsoni)  13th  Reg.  Rep.,  (Paradox- 
ides  thompsoni)  Emmons,  Man.  Geo., 
Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

vermontanus,  Hall,    1859,   (Olenus    ver- 
montana)  13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Pots- 
dam Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Olenus,  Dalman,  1826,   Monograph  of  Tri- 
lobites.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

asaphoides,  see  Olenellus  asaphoides. 

(?)  logani,  Devine,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  8,  Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

thompsoni,  see  Olenellus  thompsoni. 

undulostriatus,  Hall,  1847,  Pal.  N.  Y., 
vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  having 
waved  striae.] 

vermontana,  see  Olenellus  vermontanus. 
Pai^eocaris,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.   Sci.   Phil.     [Ety.  palaios, 
ancient;  hart*,  a  shrimp.] 

typus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  type  of  the  genus.] 
Paradoxioes,  Brongniart,  1822,  Hist.  Nat. 
Crust.  Foss.  [Ety.  paradoxos,  marvel- 
ous, paradoxical.] 

arcuatus,  Harlan,  1835,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc. 
Penn.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  arched.] 

becki,  see  Triarthrus  becki. 

bennetti,  Salter,  1859,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc,  vol.  15,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

boltoni,  see  Lichas  boltoni. 

decorus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 
Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

eatoni,  syn.  for  Triarthrus  becki. 

harlani,  Green,  1834,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol. 
25,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

lamellatus,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  St. 
John's  Gr.  [Sig.  from  the  laminai  on 
the  anterior  lobe  of  the  glabella.] 

micmac,  Hartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  St. 
John's  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

nevadensis,  Meek,  1870,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

tenellus,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
2,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  very  delicate.] 

thompsoni,  see  Olenellus  thompsoni. 

triarthrus,  Harlan,  1835,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc. 
Penn.,  Potsd.  Gr.   [Sig.  three-jointed.] 

vermontana,  see  Olenellus  vermontanus. 


Peltura,  M.  Edwards,  1840,  Crustaces,  etc. 
holopyga,    Hall,    1859,    see    Bathynotus 

holopyga. 
Pemphigaspis,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.     [Ety.  pemphix;  a  pustule ;  aspis,  a 

shield.]* 
bullata,    Hall,   1863,   16th  Reg.   Rep.  N. 

Y.,    Potsdam.    Gr.      [Sig.     studded, 

bossed.] 
Phacops,    Emmrich,    1839,     de    Trilobites. 

[Ety.  phakos,  a  lens;  ops,  the  eye.] 
bufo,  Green,  1832,  (Calymene  bufo)  Mon- 
ograph of  Trilobites,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

a  toad.] 
bombifrons,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  hollow- 
sounding  front.] 
cacapona,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y,    Up.    Held.    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
callicephala,  see  Dalmanites  callicephalus. 
cristata,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.Y., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  tufted.] 
hudsonica,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  3, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
laticaudus,  see  Dalmanites  laticaudus. 
logani,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y,  vol.  3,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
nupera,  Hall,  1843,  (Calymene  nupera) 

Geo.  Rep.  4th  Diet.  N.  Y.,  Chemung 

Gr.     [Sig.  late,  recent.] 
orestes,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Mid.  Sil.     [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
rana,  Green,  1832,   (Calymene  bufo  var. 

rana)  Monograph  of  Trilobites,  Ham. 

Gr.    [Sig.  a  frog.] 
trisulcata,  Hall,   1843,  (Calymene  (?)  tri- 

sulcatus)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y., 

Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  three-furrowed.] 
Phillipsia,  Portlock,  1843,  Rep.  Geol.  Lon- 
donderry.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
bufo,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  a  toad.] 
cliftonensis,   Shumard,   1858,    Trans.   St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
coronata,   Hall,   1877,   Ham.   Gr.      Pro- 
posed instead  of  P.  ornata,  which  was 

preoccupied.     [Sig.  crowned.] 
howi,  Billings,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 

vol.  8,  Carboniferous.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
insignis,  Winchell,  1863,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Burlington  Gr.      [Sig.  marked.] 
laevis,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Tully  limestone.     [Sig.  smooth.] 
lodiensis,  Meek,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 

Waverly  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
major,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

larger.] 
meramecensis,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep. 

Mo.,   Archimedes  limestone.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
minuscula,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 

Foss.,  Up.  Held.   Gr.       [Sig.  rather 

small.] 


222 


CRUSTACEA. 


missouriensis,  Shumard,  1858,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
ornata,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Ham.  Gr.    The  name  was  preoccupied 

by  Portlockjn  1843.     See  P.  coronata. 
perannulata,   Shumard,    1858,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Permian  Gr.     [Sig. 

very  annulated.] 
portlocki,  Meek  &  Worth  en,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
rockfordensis,  Winchell,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Kinderhook  (?)  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
wmgamonensis,  Meek  &  Worthen,   1865, 

Proc.    Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,  Coal   Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
scitula,   Meek  &  Worthen,   1865,    Proc. 

Acad.   Nat.  Sci.,   Coal  Meas.       [Sig. 

pretty.] 
stevensoni,  Meek,  1871,  Reg.  Rep.  Uni- 
versity W.  Va.,   Chester  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
vindobonensis,  Ilartt,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 

Carboniferous.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Piliolites,  Cozzens,  1848.     Not  sufficiently  de- 
fined to  be  identified. 
ohioensis,  Cozzens,  1848.     Not  sufficiently 

defined  to  be  identified,  but  probably 

the  fragment  of  a  Dalmanites. 
Platynotus,  syn.  forLichas. 
boltoni,  see  Lichas  boltoni. 
trentonensis,  see  Lichas  trentonensis. 
Plumulites,     Barrande.      [Ety.    plumula,  a 

feather;  lithos,  stone.] 
jamesi,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1875,  Pal.  Ohio, 

vol.  2.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Primitia,   Jones,   1865,    Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.,  3rd  series,  vol.  16.    A  subgenus 

of  Beyrichia,  founded  upon  B.  logani 

and  Cytheropsis  concinna. 
Proetus,    Steininger,    1830,     Bemerkungen 

uber  die  Versteinerungen  welche  im 

Uebergangs-Gebirge  der  Eifel.     [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
alaricus,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  winged.] 
angustifrons,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Schoharie  grit.     [Sig.  having  a 

front.  ] 
auriculatus,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  eared.] 
canaliculars,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.Y.,Up.  Held.Gr.  [Sig.  channeled.] 
clarus,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  clear,  manifest.] 
conradi,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Schoharie  grit.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
corycceus,  Conrad,  1842,  (Asaph us  cory- 

cceus)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,    vol.   8, 

Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
crassimarginatus,   Hall,  1843,  (Calymene 

crassimarginata)  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.,  Corniferous  Gr.      [Sig.  thick- 
margined.] 
doris,  Hall,  1860,  13th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y., 

Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 


ellipticus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Kinderhook  Gr.  [Sig. 

elliptical.] 
haldemani,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hesione,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N.Y., 

Schoharie  grit.      [Ety.   mythological 

name.] 
longicaudus,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  long-tailed.] 
macrocephalus,  Hall,  1861, 15th  Reg.Rep. 

N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  long-headed.] 
marginalis,    Conrad,     1839,     (Calymene 

marginalis)    Ann.  Geo.   Rep.   N.   Y., 

Tully  limestone.     [Sig.  margined.] 
missouriensis,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep. 

Mo.,  Low.  Carb.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
occidens,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  western.] 
parviusculus,      Hall,      1866,     Pamphlet, 

Cin'ti  Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
phocion,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  2, 

Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
planimarginatus,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig. 

flat-margined.] 
protuberans,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

3,  Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  protuberant.] 
prouti,  Shumard,  1863,   Trans.   St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
rowii,  Green,  1838, (Calymene  rowii)  Am. 

Jour.   Sci.,  vol.  38,  Ham  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
spurlocki,   Meek,  1872,   Am.   Jour.  Sci., 

3rd  series,   vol.   3,  Cin'ti  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
stokesi,      Murchison,     1839,     (Asaphus 

stokesii)  Sil.  Syst.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
swallovi,  Shumard,  1855,  Geo.  Rep.  Mo., 

Chemung  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
verneuili,  Hall,  1861,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Protichnites,  Owen,  1852,  Jour.  Geo.  Soc, 

vol.  8.     [Ety.  protos,  first ;  ichnos,  foot- 
print or  track ;   lithos,  stone.] 
acadicus,  Dawson,  1863,   Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

&  Arts,   3rd  ser.,  vol.  5,  Coal   Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
alternans,  Owen,  1852,  Jour.  Geo.  Soc, 

vol.  8,  Quebec  Gr.    [Sig.  alternating.] 
carbonarius,   Dawson,   1863,    Am.   Jour. 

Sci.  &  Arts,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  5,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  pertaining  to  coal.] 
latus,  Owen,  1852,  Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol.  8, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  wide.] 
lineatus,  Owen,  1852,  Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol. 

8,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  lined.] 
logananus,  Marsh,  1869,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

&  Arts,  2d  ser.,  vol.  48,  Potsdam  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
multinotatus,  Owen,  1852,  Jour.  Geo.  Soc, 

vol.  8,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  many  marks 

or  tracks.] 
octo-notatus,  Owen,  1852,  Jour.  Geo.  Soc, 

vol.  8,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  having  eight 

marks  or  tracks.] 


CRUSTACEA. 


223 


septem-notatus,  Owen,  1852,  Jour.   Geo. 

Soc.,  vol.  8,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  having 

seven  marks.] 
Ptekygotus,  Agassiz,  1839,  in   March.  Sil. 

Svst,     [Ety.  pteron,  wing ;  ous,  ear.] 
cobbi,    Hall,  "  1859,    Pal.    N.  Y.,  vol.   8, 

Waterlime  Gr.     [Etv.  proper.] 
macrophthalmus,  Hall,  1859,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.   3,   Waterlime   Gr.      [Sig.    long- 
eyed.] 
osborni,    Hall,    1859,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  3, 

Waterlime  Gr.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Ptychaspis,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y 

[Ety.    ptyche,    folding    or     doubling; 

aspis,  a  shield.] 
barabuensis,  Winehell,  1864,  Am.    Jour. 

Sci.  &  Arts,  2d  series,  vol.  37,  Potsdam 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
granulosa,  Owen,  1852,    (Dikelocephalus 

granulosus)  Rep.  Iowa,  Wis.  &  Minn., 

Potsdam    Gr.       [Sig.     covered     with 

granules.] 
miniscaensis,  Owen,  1852,    i  Dikelocepha- 
lus miniscaensis)  Rep.  Wis.,  Iowa  & 

Minn.,  Potsdam    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
sesostris,  Billings,  1865,  (Dikelocephalus 

sesostris)  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1,  Quebec  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Remoplecrides,  Portlock,  1843,  Rep.  Geol. 

Lond.     [Ety.  remus,  an  oar ;  pleura,  a 

rib.] 
affinis,  Billings,  1865,   Pal.   Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  related  to.] 
canadensis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Chazy  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
panderi,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
schlotheimi,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
striatums,  Walcott,  1875,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  2,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  having 

little  striae.] 
Rhabdichnites,  Dawson,  1875,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo. 

Name  proposed. 
Rusichxites,  Dawson,  1861,  Can.  Nat.  &Geo. 

[Ety.  ru.sos,  wrinkled  ;  ichnos,  a  track.] 

Supposed  track  of  a  small  Limulus. 
acadicus,  Dawson,  1861,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Shumardia,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
glacialis,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  icy,  frozen.] 
granulosa,  Billings,  1862,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol.  1, 

Quebec  Gr.      [Sig.  covered  with  gran- 
ules.] 
Solenocaris,  Meek,  1872,  subgenus  of  Cerati- 

ocaris. 
Solenopleura,  as  used  by  Billings,  1874,  Pal. 

Foss.,  vol.  2.      [Ety.  Solen,   the  razor 

fish  ;  pleura,  a  rib.] 
communis,  Billings,  1874,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 

2,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.    common,    in 
large  numbers.] 

Sph^rexochus,  Beyrich,  1845,  Monograph 
of  Trilobites."  [Ety.  sphaira,  a  ball; 
exochos,  prominent."] 


canadensis,  Billings,  1866,  Catal.  Sil. 
Foss.  Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

minis,  Beyrich,  see  Sphserexochus  rom- 
ingeri. 

parvus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Chazy 
&  Black  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 

romingeri,  Hall,  1867,  20th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

Sph^erocoryphe,   Angelin,  1852,  Palseonto- 

logia  Scandinavica.      [Ety.   sphaira,  a 

ball;  koryphe,  the  top  of  the  head.] 

robustus,  Walcott,  1875,  Cin.  Quar.  Jour. 
Sci.,  vol.  2,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  robust.] 

salteri,   Billings,   1866,   Catal.   Sil.   Foss. 
Antic,  Anticosti  Gr.      [Ety.   proper 
name.] 
Telephus,   Barrande.       [Ety.   mythological 
name.] 

americanus,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  vol. 
1,  Quebec  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Terataspis,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y. 
[Ety.    teras,  a  marvel;  aspis,   shield.] 
A  subgenus  of  Acidaspis. 

grandis,  Hall,  1862,  15th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  (Lichas  grandis)  Schoharie  grit. 
[Sig.  grand.] 

eriopia,  Hall,  1863,  (Lichas  eriopis)  16th 
Reg.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety. 
mythological  name.] 
Thaleops,  Conrad,  1843,  Proc  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  vol.  1.  [Ety.  thalos,  a  stalk;  ops, 
an  eye.] 

ovata,  Conrad,  1843,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
vol.  1,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  ovate.] 
Triarthrella,  Hall,  1863,   16th  Reg.  Rep. 
N.  Y.   [Ety.  diminutive  of  Triarthrus.] 

auroralis,  Hall,  1863,  16th  Reg.  Rep.  N. 
Y.,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Sig.  in  the  morning.  ] 
Triarthrus,    Green,    1832,    Monograph   of 
Trilobites.      [Ety.    triarthrus,    three- 
jointed.] 

becki,  Green,  1832,  Monograph  of  Trilo- 
bites, Trenton  &  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

spinosus,  Billings,  1857,  Rep.  of  Progr., 
Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  spines.] 

trilineatus,  Emmons,  1844,  (Atops  trilin- 
eatus)    Taconic    Syst.,    Potsdam    Gr. 
[Sig.  three-lined.] 
Trimerus,  syn.  for  Homalonotus. 

delphinocephalus,  see  Homalonotus  del- 
phinocephalus. 

jacksoni,  see  Homalonotus  jacksoni. 
Trinucleus,  L  h  w  y  d  ,   (or  as  he  spelt  it 
Llhwydd)  1698,  Phil.  Trans.,  vol.  20. 
[Ety.  trinucleus,  three-kerneled.] 

concentricus,  Eaton,  1832,  (Nuttainia 
concentrica)  Geo.  Text  Book,  Trenton 
&  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  from  the  con- 
centrical  arrangement  of  the  punc- 
tures.] 

tessellatus,  Green,  1832,  (Cryptolithus  tes- 
sellatus)  syn.  for  Trinucleus  concen- 
tricus. 


CLASS     AEACHNIDA. 


GENERA. — Architarbus,  Arthrolycosa,  Eoscorpius,  Mazonia. 


Abchitarbus,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.   Sur.  111., 
vol.  3.     [Ety.  arche,  beginning ;  tarbos, 
object  of  alarm.] 
rotundatus,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  rounded.] 

Arthrolycosa,  Harger,  1874,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

3rd   series,    vol.    7.     [Ety.  arthron,   a 

joint ;  lykos,  a  spider.] 

antiqua,  Harger,  1874,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3d 

ser.,  vol.  7,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ancient.] 


Eoscorpius,   Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,   Am. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  45.      [Ety.  eos,  dawn  ; 

scorphts,  a  scorpion.] 
carbonarius,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Am. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  45,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

pertaining  to  coal.] 
Mazonia,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  3.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
woodana,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,   vol.   3,   Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 


CLASS    MYEIAPODA. 


GENERA. — Anthracerpes,  Archiulus,  Euphoberia,  Xylobius. 


Axthracerpes,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.  [Ety.  anthrax, 
coal ;  erpo,  to  creep ;  in  allusion  to  its 
Carboniferous  age  and  probable 
habits.] 
typns,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  type  of 
the  genus.]    This  is  probably  a  worm. 

Archiulus,  Scudder,  1868,  Mem.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat,  Hist.,  vol.  2.  [Ety.  arche,  begin- 
ning ;   ioulos,  a  wood  louse.] 

xylobioides,  Scudder,  1868,  Mem.  Bost. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist,,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  from  its  resemblance  to  the 
genus  Xylobius.] 
Euphoberia,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  45.  [Ety.  eu,  very; 
plujberas,  formidable.] 


armigera,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,    Am. 

Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  45,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

armed.] 
major,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1868,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.,  vol.  45,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  large.] 
Xylobius,  Dawson,  1860,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  16.     [Ety.  xylobius,  living  in 

wood.] 
dawsoni,  Scudder,  1868,  Mem.  Bost,  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist,,  vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
fractus,  Scudder,  1868,  Mem.   Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

frail.] 
sigillariae,  Dawson,  1860,  Quar.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.  16,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig.   from  the 

Sigillaria  in  which  it  was  found.] 
similis,  Scudder,  1868,  Mem.  Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

similar.] 


CLASS    INSECTA, 


ORDER  NEUROPTERA.—  Chrestotes,  Dyscritus,  Ephenierites,  Gerephemera,  Haplo- 
phlebium,  Hemeristia,  Homothetus,  Libellula,  Lithentomum,  Megathentomum, 
Miamia,  Paolia,  Platephemera,  Xenoneura. 

ORDER  ORTHOPTERA.— Archegogryllus,  Archimylacris,  Blattina,  Mylacris. 

INCERT.E  SEDIS — Palseocampa. 


Archegogryllus,  Scudder,  1868,  Proc.  Bost. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.     [Ety.  archegos,  first  in 

time;  gryttus,  a  cricket] 
priscus,  Scudder,  1868,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
Archimylacris,  Scudder,  1868,  Acad.  Geol. 

[Ety.  arche,  beginning;  Mylacris,  cock- 
roach.] 
acadica,  Scudder,  1868,  Acad.  Geol.,  Low. 

Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
mantis,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Sur.  Ul.,vol.  3, 

Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  Mantis,  a  genus  of 

insects.] 
Blattixa,  Burmeister,  1838,  Handbuch  der 

Entomologie.      [Ety.  Blatta,  a  cock- 
roach.] 
bretonensis,  Scudder,  1875,  Can.  Nat.,  n. 

s.,  vol.  7,  Carboniferous.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
heeri,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  3, 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
sepulta,  Scudder,  1876,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

vol.  8,  Carboniferous.     [Sig.  lulled  to 

sleep,  buried.] 
venusta,   Lesquereux,   1860,   Geo.   Ark., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  handsome.] 
Chrestotes,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol. 

3.       [Etv.  chrestotes,  good  of  its  kind.] 
lapidea,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol. 

3,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  stony.] 
Dyscritcs,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Mag.,  vol.  5. 

[Etv.   dyscritos,  hard  to   determine, 

doubtful.] 
vetustus,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Mag.,  vol. 

5,  Devonian.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
Ephemerites,   Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  3.     [Ety.  from  resemblance  to  the 

Ephemera.] 
aflinis,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol. 

3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  related  to.] 
gigas,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol. 

3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  large.] 
simplex,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo. Sur.  111.,  vol. 

3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  simple.] 


Gerephemera,   Scudder,   1868,    Geo.   Mag., 

vol.  5.     [Ety.  geros,  old;   Ephemera,  a 

genus  of  insects.] 
simplex,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Mag.,  vol.  5, 

Devonian.     [Sig.  simple.] 
Haplophlebium,   Scudder,  1867,  Can.  Nat. 

&  Geo.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  3.     [Ety.  haplos, 

simple ;  phlebion,  a  vein.] 
barnesi,  Scudder,  1867,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

2d  ser.,   vol.  3,   Coal    Meas.       [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Hemeristia,  Dana,  1864,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  & 

Arts,  2d  ser.,  vol.  37.     [Ety.  hemera, 

day.] 
occidentalis.  Dana,  1864,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

&  Arts,  '2d  ser.,  vol.  37,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  western.] 
Homothetus,  Scudder,  1867,Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

2d  series,  vol.  3.    [Ety.  homos,  similar ; 

thesis,  placed.] 
fossilis,  Scudder,  1867,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

2nd  series,  vol.  3,  Ham.  or  Chemung 

Gr.     [Sig.  fossil,  extinct.] 
Libellula,  Fabricius,  1776,  as  identified  by 

Scudder. 
carbonaria,  Scudder,  1876,   Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  pertain- 
ing to  coal.] 
Lithentomum,  Scudder,  1867,Can.  Nat.  &Geo. 

2d  series,  vol.  3.      [Ety.  lithos,  stone ; 

entomon,  an  insect.] 
harti,  Scudder,  1867,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

2nd  series,  vol.  3,  Ham.  or  Chemung 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Megathentomum,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  3.     [Ety.  megathos,  largeness  ; 

entomon,  an  insect.] 
pustulatum,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  covered  with 

pustules.] 
Miamia,  Dana,  1864,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts, 

2d  ser.,  vol.  37.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
bronsoni,  Dana,  1864,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  St 

Arts,  2d  ser.,  vol.  37,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 


INSECTA. 


danse,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol. 
3,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Mylackis,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol. 
3.       [Ety.  mulakris,  a  kind  of  cock- 
roach.] 

anthracophila,  Scudder,  1868,  Geo.  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  anthrax, 
coal ;  philo,  I  like.] 
Pal.<eocampa,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  [Ety.  palaios,  ancient; 
kampe,  a  caterpillar.] 

anthrax,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 
anthrax,  coal ;  in  allusion  to  the  Car- 
boniferous age  of  the  species.] 


Paolia,  Smith,  1871,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts, 

3rd  series,  vol.  1.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
vetusta,  Smith,  1871,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd 

series,  vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  ancient.] 
Platephemera,  Scudder,  1867,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  2nd  series,  vol.  3.     [Ety.  platys, 

flat;  epliemera,  an  insect.] 
antiqua,  Scudder,  1867,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

2d  series,  vol.  3,  Ham.  or  Chemung  Gr.  * 

[Sig.  ancient.] 
Xenoneura,  Scudder,  1867,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 

2nd  series,  vol.  3.      [Ety.  xenos,  new, 

strange';  wwra,  a  nerve.] 
antiquorum,  Scudder,  1867,  Can.  Nat.  & 

Geo.,  2nd  series,  vol.  3,  Ham.  or  Che- 
mung Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 


SUB-KINGDOM   VERTEBRATA. 


First  Class, 
Second  Class, 


PISCES. 
REPTILIA. 


CLASS     PISCES 


ORDER  GANOIDEI. — Acanthaspis,  Acantholepis,  Acrolepis,  Amblypterus,  Anaclitacan- 
thus,  Aspidichthys,  Asterosteus,  Catopterus,  Cephalaspis,  Coccosteus,  Coelacanthus, 
Conchodus,  Ctenodus,  Cyrtacanthus,  Dinichthys,  Dipterus,  Eurylepis,  Heliodus, 
Holoptychius,  Liognathus,  Macropetalichthys,  Mecolepis,  Onychodus,  Palseoniscus, 
Peplorhina,  Platysomus,  Pterichthys,  Pygopterus,  Rhizodus,  Rhynchodus. 

ORDER  SELACHII. — Acondylacanthus,  Agassizodus,  Amacanthus,  Antliodus,  Apedodus, 
Aspidodus,  Asteroptychius,  Batacanthus,  Bathycheilodus,  Bythiacanthus,  Calopo- 
dus,  Carcharopsis,  Cheirodus,  Cholodus,  Chomatodus,  Cladodus,  Climaxodus, 
Cochliodus,  Compsacanthus,  Ctenacanthus,  Ctenopetalus,  Ctenoptychius,  Cymato- 
dus,  Dactylodus,  Deltodus,  Desraiodus,  Diplodus,  Drepanacanthus,  Edestes,  Erisma- 
canthus,  Fissodus,  Gampsacanthus,  Geisacanthus,  Glymmatacanthus,  Gyracanthus, 
Harpacodus,  Helodus,  Hybocladodus,  Lambdodus,  Lecracanthus,  Leiodus,  Lepto- 
phractus,  Lisgodus,  Listraeanthus,  Macheeracanthus,  Marracanthus,  Mesodmodus, 
Oracanthus,  Orodus,  Orthacantbus,  Peltodus,  Periplectrodus,  Peripristis,  Petalodus, 
Petalorhyncbus,  Petrodns,  Phcebodus,  Physonemus,  Platyodus,  Pleuracanthus, 
Pnigeacanthus,  Pcecilodus,  Polyrhizodus,  Pristicladodus,  Pristodus,  Psammodus, 
Psephodus,  Ptyctodus,  Sandalodus,  Stemmatodus,  Stenacanthus,  Tanaodus,  Thrina- 
codus,  Trigonodus,  Venustodus,  Xystracanthus,  Xystrodus. 


Acanthaspis,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., vol. 

2.  [Ety.  akantha,  spine ;  aspis,  a  shield.] 
armata,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  armed.] 
Acantholepis,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2.      [Ety.  akantha,  a spine ;  lepis, 

a  scale.] 
pustulosa,   Newberry,   1875,    Ohio    Pal., 

vol.  2,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  covered 

with  pustules.] 
Acondylacanthus,  St.   John   &  Worthen, 

1875,  Geo.   Sur.    111.,    vol.   6.      [Ety. 

akondyloH,      without      bony      knobs; 

akantha,  a  spine.] 
sequicostatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.    Sur.   111.,   vol.  6,   Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  equal  ribbed.] 


gracilis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr.    [Sig. 

slender.] 
occidentalis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

(Leptacanthus  occidentalis)  Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  2,  St.  Louis  Gr.  [Sig.  western.] 

Acrolepis,  Agassiz,  1843,  Recherches  Poiss. 
Foss.       [Ety.    akros,    sharp;    lepis,   a 
scale.] 
hortonensis,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 
Carboniferous.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

Agasskhthys,  syn.  for  Macropetalichthys. 
manni,  see  Macropetalichthys  manni. 
sullivanti,  see   Macropetalichthys    sulli- 
vanti. 


PISCES. 


Agassizodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.     [Ety.  proper 

name;  odous,  tooth.] 
corrugatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870, 

(Orodus  corrugatus)    Geo.    Sur.   111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  wrinkled.] 
scitulus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,   vol.   6,  Coal  Meas.       [Sig. 

pretty,  neat.] 
variabilis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870, 

(Lophodus  variabilis)  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  variable.] 
virginianus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Amacanthus,  St.   John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.    [Ety.  anakanthos, 

destitute  of  prickles.] 
gibbosus,   Newberry   &  Worthen,    1866, 

(Homacanthus  gibbosus)  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  gibbous.] 
Amblypterus,  Agassiz,  1833,  Recherches  sur 

les  Poissons  Fossiles.      [Ety.  amblys, 

blunt ;  pteron,  fin.] 
macropterus,    Agassiz,    1835,    Recherch. 

Poiss.  Foss.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

large-finned.] 
Anaclitacanthus,  St.   John    &    Worthen, 

1875,   Geo.  Sur.   111.,   vol.   6.       [Ety. 

anaklitos,  leant  upon ;  akantha,  a  spine.] 
semicostatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  half-ribbed.] 
Antliodus,    Newberry    &   Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  antlia,  a 

depression;  odous,  a  tooth.] 
cucullus,    Newberry  &  Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig. 

a  covering.] 
gracilis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Warsaw  Gr.      [Sig. 

slender.] 


minutus,    Newberry  &  Worthen,   1866, 
~.,vol. 
small.] 


Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.   [Sig. 


mucronatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Suf.  111.,  vol.   2,   St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  sharp-pointed.] 
parvulus,  Newberry    &  Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  very  small.] 
perovalis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,  Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig. 

very  ovate.] 
robustus,    Newberry  &  Worthen,   1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig. 

robust.] 
politus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk   Gr.     [Sig. 

smoothed.] 
sarcululus,   Newberry  &  Worthen,   1870, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  little  hoe.] 
similis,     Newberry    &    Worthen,     1866, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,   vol.   2,   Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  similar.] 


simplex,   Newberry    &  Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  simple.] 
sulcatus,  Newberry    &  Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig. 

furrowed.] 
Apedodus,  Leidy,   1856,    Jour.   Acad.   Nat. 

Sci.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  3.    [Ety.  apedos,  level, 
,  smooth ;   odous,  tooth.] 
priscus,  Leidy,   1856,  Jour.   Acad.   Nat. 

Sci.,  2d  ser.,   vol.   3,    Chemung   Gr. 

[Sig.  ancient] 
Aspidichthys,  Newberry,   1873,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  1.      [Ety.  axpis,  a  shield;  ichthys, 

a  fish.] 
clavatus,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1,  Portage  Gr.     [Sig.  club-shaped.] 
Aspidodus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  aspis,  a  shield  ; 

odous,  tooth.] 
convolutus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.    [Sig. 

rolled  as  it  were  together.] 
crenulatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.    [Sig. 

crenulated,  zigzag.] 
Asteeacanthus,  Agassiz,  1837,  Recherches 

sur  les  Poissons  Fossiles.     [Ety.  aster, 

star ;  akantha,  spine.] 
siderius,  Leidy,  see  Bythiacanthus  siderius. 
Asteroptychius,  Agassiz,  1843,  Recherches 

sur  les  Poissons  Fossiles.     [Ety.  aster, 

a  star ;  ptyche,  a  wrinkle.] 
bellulus,    St.    John    &    Worthen,    1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig. 

pretty,  neat.] 
keokuk,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
st.  ludovici,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.    Sur.    111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
tenuis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.   6,   Chester  Gr.      [Sig. 

slender.] 
triangularis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  triangular.] 
vetustus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr.   [Sig. 

ancient.] 
Asterosteus,    Newberry,   1875,   Ohio    Pal., 

vol.   2.      [Ety.  aster,   a  star;  osteon,  a 

bone.] 
stenocephalus,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  narrow- 
headed.] 
Batacanthus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,    1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.     [Ety.   batos,  a 

prickly  bush  ;   akantha,  a  spine.] 
baculiformis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,  vol.   6,    Keokuk   Gr. 

[Sig.  staff-shaped.] 
stellatus,  Newberry   &  Worthen,  1866, 

(Drepanacanthus   (?)   stellatus)    Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

starred.] 


PISCES. 


Bathycheilodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.       [Ety.   bathys, 

deep;   cheilos,  lip;   odous,  tooth.] 
macisaacsi,  St.   John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Devonian.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Bythiacanthus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.      [Ety.  bythios, 

deep ;   akantha,  a  spine.] 
siderius,   Leidy,    1873,   (Asteracanthus 

siderius)   Ext.  Vert.    Fauna,    Low. 

Carb.     [Sig.  starred.] 
vanhornei,    St.  John  &  Worthen,    1875, 

Geo.   Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Calopodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.     [Sig.   a  shoemaker's 

last.] 
apicalis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,   vol.   6,   Coal   Meas.      [Sig. 

sharp-pointed.] 
Carchakopsis,    Agassiz,    1843,    Recherches 

sur  les  Poissons  Fossiles.     [Ety.   car- 

charopsis,  shark -like.] 
wortheni,  Newberry,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Catopterus,   Redfield,   1841,   Annals  N.  Y. 

Lyceum,   vol..  4.      [Ety.    kata,  on  the 

lower  side  ;  pteron,  a  fin.] 
macrurus,  Redfield,  1841,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 

vol.   41,  Carboniferous.      [Sig.   large- 
finned.] 
Cephalaspis,  Agassiz,  1835,  Recherch.  Pois. 

Foss.      [Ety.  kephale,   head;    aspis,   a 

shield.] 
dawsoni,  Lankester,  1870,   London  Geo. 

Mag.,  Devonian.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Cheirodis,  McCoy,  1848,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.     [Ety.  cfieir,   the   hand;    odous, 

tooth.] 
acutus,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  sharp- 
pointed.] 
Cholodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.      [Ety.   cholos,  defec- 
tive; odous,  tooth.] 
insequalis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  un- 
equal.] 
Chomatodus,  Agassiz,  1838,  Recherches  sur 

les  Poissons  Fossiles.     [Ety.  choma,  a 

pile  or  heap  ;  odous,  tooth.] 
affinis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.   2,   Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig. 

near  to.] 
angularls,  see  Tanaodus  angularis. 
arcuatus,  St.  John,  1870,  Proc.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  arched.] 
chesterensis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Chester  Gr.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
comptus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig. 

elegant.] 
costatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.   2,   Chester  Gr.     [Sig. 

ribbed.] 


cultellus,    Newberry  &  Worthen,   1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.   [Sig. 

a  small  knife.] 
elegans,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.   2,   Keokuk  Gr.    [Sig. 

elegant.] 
ffracillimw,  see  Tanaodus  gracillimus. 
inconstans,  St.  John  &  Worthen,    1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  not  constant  in  form  or  size.] 
incrassatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.   Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  thickened.] 
insignis,  Leidy,  1856,  Trans.   Am.  Phil. 

Soc.,  vol.  11,  St,    Louis    Gr.      [Sig. 

marked.] 
linearis,  Agassiz,  1838,  (Psammodus  line- 
aris)   Recherches    Pois.    Foss.,   Low. 

Carb.    [Sig.  lined.] 
loriformis,   Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.    Sur.   111.,   vol.   2,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  like  a  thong  or  whip.] 
molaris,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.    [Sig.  like 

a  molar  or  grinder.] 
multiplicatus,  see  Tanaodus  multiplicatus. 
obscurus,  see  Tanaodus  obscurus. 
parallelus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo, 

Sur.  111.,   vol.   6,  Warsaw  Gr.    [Sig. 

parallel.] 
pusillus,   Newberrv    &    Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig. 

very  small.] 
varsoviensis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.    Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,  Warsaw    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.J 
venustm,  Leidy,  see  \enustodus   leidyi, 

where  the  specific  name  is  made  to 

designate  the  genus,  and  the  author 

the  specific    name,   contrary  to    the 

rules  of  nomenclature;  also  see  Venus- 

todus  venustus. 
Cladodus,  Agassiz,  1843,  Recherches  sur  les 

Poissons  Fossiles.         [Ety.   klados,   a 

twig;  odous,  tooth.] 
acuminatus,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  8,  Low.  Carb.   [Sig. 

sharp-pointed;    from    the    extreme 

sharpness  of  the  central  and  lateral 

denticles.] 
alternatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  alternating.] 
^hgulatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.   Sur.    111.,   vol.   2,   Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  angular.] 
bellifer,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig. 

war-like,  martial.] 
carinatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,   vol.  6,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

keeled.] 
concinnus,    Newberry,    1875,   Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Portage  Gr.     [Sig.  handsome.] 
costatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,   18  66, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.    [Sig. 

ribbed,  having  prominent  ridges.] 


230 


PISCES. 


deflexus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  18  70, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  downward,  turned  aside.] 
eccentricus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.   Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  eccentric] 
elegans,    Newberry    &    Worthen,    1870, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 


[Sig.  elegant.] 
Kb    ■ 


euglypheus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,   vol.   6,   St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  well  carved,  distinctly  marked.] 
exiguus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr.   [Sig. 

small.] 
exilis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr.    [Sig. 

small,  slender.] 
ferox,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig. 

fierce,  sharp-pointed.] 
fulleri,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Coal   Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
gomphoides,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  like  a  club.] 
gracilis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.   2,   Coal   Meas.       [Sig. 

slender.] 
grandis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  Ill.,vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig.  great.] 
hertzeri,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Portage  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
intercostatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  intercostated,  ridge  within  ridge.] 
ischypus,   Newberry   &   Worthen,    1870, 

Geo.   Sur.  111.,  vol.   4,  St.   Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  strong-footed.] 
lamnoides,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Ety.  from  resemblance  to  the  teeth 

of  the  living  Lamna.] 
magnificus,  Tuomey,  1858,  2d  Rep.  Geo. 

Ala.,  Low.  Carb.    [Sig.  magnificent.] 
micropus,   Newberry  &   Worthen,   1866, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,   vol.   2,    Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  small  footed.] 
mortifer,   Newberrv  &    Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

death  dealing,  deadly.] 
newmani,  Tuomey,  1856,  Geo.  Alabama, 

Low.  Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.]* 
pandatus,   St.   John  &  Worthen,    1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig. 

bent  downward.] 
parvulus,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Portage  Gr.      [Sig.  very  small.] 
pattersoni,   Newberry,   1875,   Ohio  Pal., 

vol.   2,   Waverly  Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
politus,  Newberrv  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Chester    Gr.      [Sig. 

smoothed.] 
prsenuntius,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  foreteller,  harbinger.] 


raricostatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.    Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  having  few  ridges;  from  a  few 

diverging    thread-like    striae    on    the 

outer  face  of  the  principal  cone.] 
robustus,   Newberry  &  Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,   vol.    2,    Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  robust.] 
romingeri,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Waverly  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
spinosus,    Newberry   &   Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.   2,   St.   Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  full  of  spines.] 
springeri,    St.   John  &  Worthen,    1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
stenopus,   Newberry  &  Worthen,   1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.   2,  St.   Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  narrow-footed.] 
subulatus,    Newberry,   1875,    Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  St.  Louis  Gr.    [Sig.  awl-shaped, 

subulate.] 
succinctus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  girded,  contracted,  short.] 
turritus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

fortified,  turreted.] 
vanhornei,    St.  John"  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.   Sur.  111.,   vol.   6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
wachsmuthi,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
zygopus,  Newberrv  &  Worthen,  1866,Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.       [Sig. 

with  joined  feet.] 
Climaxodus,  McCoy,  1848,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.     [Ety.  klimax,  a  ladder;  odous,  a 

tooth.] 
brevis,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  short.] 
Coccosteus,  Agassiz,  1843,  Recherch.  Pois. 

Foss.,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  kokkos,  a  berry ; 

osteon,  a  bone.] 
occidentals,   Newberry,  1874,    Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  western.] 
Cochliodus,  Agassiz,  1838,  Recherches  sur 

les  Poissons  Fossiles.    [Ety.  kochlias,  a 

cockle;  odous,  a  tooth.] 
costatus,    Newberry    &  Worthen,    1870, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  ribbed.] 
crassus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,   vol.   2,   Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig. 

thick.] 
nobilis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.    111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

noble.] 
Ccblacanthus,    Agassiz,    1843,    Recherches 

sur  les  Poissons  Fossiles.    [Ety.  koilos, 

hollow ;  akantha,  spine.] 
elegans,    Newberry,    1857,   Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

elegant.] 
ornatus,   Newberry,    1857,    Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

adorned.] 


PISCES. 


231 


robustus,   Newberrv,   1857,   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

robust.] 
Compsaca.vthus,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,  vol.  8.     [Ety.  compsos,  ele- 
gant ;    akantha,  a  spine.] 
lajvis,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

smooth.] 
Cvitchiopsis,  syn.  for  Coelacanthus. 

anguliferus,  syn.  for  Coelacanthus  elegans. 
exanthematicus,   syn.   for  Peplorhina  an- 

thracina. 
Jiliferus,  syn.  for  Coelacanthus  elegans. 
Conchodus,  McCoy,  1848,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  conchos,  a 

shell ;   odoux,  a  tooth.] 
plicatus,  Dawson,  1808,  Acad.  Geol.,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  plicated.] 
Ctenacanthus,   Agassiz,   1837,    Recherches 

sur  les  Poissons  Fossiles.    [Ety.  ktenos, 

a  comb ;  akantha,  a  spine.] 
angulatus,  Newberrv  &  Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol"  2,  Chester  Or.  [Sig. 

angular.] 
burlingtonensis,    St.    John  &  Worthen, 

1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
costatus,   Newberry  &    Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  St.  Louis,  Gr. 
•  [Sig.  ribbed.] 
elegans,  Tuomey,  1858,  Geo.  Ala.,  Low. 

Carb.    [Sig.  elegant.] 
excavatus,  St.   John  &  AVorthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.   111.,   vol.   6,   Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  excavated.] 
formosus,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1,  Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
furcicarinatus,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  2,  Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  forked  and 

keeled.] 
gemmatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,   vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  having  buds.] 
gracillimus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.   Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  very  slender.] 
grado-costatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  having  steps  and  ribs.] 
keokuk,  St.  John  &  Worthen.  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Keokuk'  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
marshi,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  1, 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
mayi,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Ohio 

Pal.,  vol.   1,   Burlington  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
parvulus,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Cleveland  shale.    [Sig.  very  small.] 
pugiunculus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  small  dagger.] 
sculptus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr.    [Sig. 
engraved.] 


similis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.   6,  Chester  Gr.     [Sig. 

similar.] 
speciosus,   St.   John  &  Worthen,    1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  beautiful.] 
spectabilis,   St.   John   &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  remarkable.] 
triangularis,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  1,  AVaverly  Gr.    [Sig.  triangular.] 
varians,  St.  John  &  AVorthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr.   [Sig. 

variable.] 
vetustus,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1,  Portage  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
Ctenodus,  Agassiz,  1838,  Recherches  sur  les 

Poissons  Fossiles.  [Ety.  ktenos,  a 
comb  ;   odous,  a  tooth.] 

ohioensis,  Cope,  1874,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

reticulatus,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal., 
vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  like  net- 
work.] 

serratus,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Coal  Meas.  *  [Sig.  saw-edged,  ser- 
rated.] 

Ctenopetalus,   Agassiz,   1869,  Catal.   Foss. 

Fish,  Collection  of  Earl  of  Enniskillen. 

[Ety.  ktenos,  a  comb ;  petalos,  broad, 

full  grown.] 
bellulus,  St.  John  &  AVorthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.    [Sig. 

very  beautiful.] 
limatulus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Chester  Gr.    [Sig.  like 

a  little  file.] 
medius,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,  Chester  Gr.      [Sig. 

intermediate.] 
occidentalis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

western.] 
vinosus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

full  of  wine.] 
Ctenoptychius,   Agassiz,   1838,   Recherches 

sur  les  Poissons  Fossiles.     [Ety.  ktenos, 

a  comb ;   ptyche,  a  wrinkle.] 
cristatus,  Dawson,  186  8,  Acad.   Geol., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  tufted.] 
pertenuis,   St.   John   &  Worthen,    1875, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,  Chester  Gr. 

[Sig.  very  slender.] 
semicircularis,    Newberry    &    AVorthen, 

1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  half-circular.] 
stevensoni,  St.  John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Cyrt acanthus,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  1.     [Ety.  kurtos,  curved;  akantha, 

a  spine.] 
dentatus,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1,  Corniferous  Gr.    [Sig.  toothed.] 


232 


PISCES. 


Cymatodus,  Newberry    &    Worthen,  1870, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4.     [Ety.  a/mates, 

wavy ;  odous,  tooth.] 
oblongus,   Newberry  &  Worthen,    1870, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Up.  Coal  Meas 

[Sig.  oblong.] 
Dactylodus,   Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  daktylos,  a 

finger ;  odous,  a  tooth.] 
concavus,   St.   John  &  Worthen,    1875, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,   vol.  6,   St.  Louis  Gr, 

[Sig.  concave.] 
excavatus,   St.  John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig. 

hollowed  out.] 
inflexus,   Newberry    &   Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2, Chester  Gr.  [Sig. 

bent,  curved.] 
lobatus,    Newberry    &    Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,   St.   Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  lobate.] 
minimus,   St.   John    &  Worthen,    1875, 

Geo.   Sur.  III.,  vol.   6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  very  small.] 
princeps,   Newberry  &  Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.   111.,    vol.   2,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  chief.] 
Deltodus,    Newberry   &.   Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2.    [Ety.  delta,  tri- 
angular ;   odous,  tooth.] 
alatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.  4,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

winged.] 
angularis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,   1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

angular.] 
angustus,   Newberry  &    Worthen,   1870, 

Geo.    Sur.    111.,  vol.    4,    Chester  Gr. 

[Sig.  narrow.] 
cingulatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Goo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.    [Sig. 

encircled  with  lines.] 
complanatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  smoothed.] 
fasciatus,    Newberry   &  Worthen,   1870, 

Geo.   Sur.    111.,   vol.   4,    Keokuk   Gr. 

[Sig.  banded,  girded.] 
grandis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,   Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

grand.] 
littoni,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.   4,  Low.    Carb.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
rhomboideus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111., vol.  2,  St.  Louis  Gr.  [Sig. 

lozenge  or  diamond-shaped.] 
spatulatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  spatulate,  blade-shaped.] 
stellatus,    Newberry   &  Worthen,   1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  starred.] 
undulatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 
•Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  undulated,  waved.] 


Desmiodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.  [Ety.  desmos,  a  liga- 
ment ;  odous,  tooth.]  This  name  was 
applied  to  a  genus  of  bats,  in  1826,  by 
Prinz,  Neu.  Wied.  in  Beitrage  zur 
Naturg.  Brasilieus. 

costelliferus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 
[Sig.  bearing  faint  ribs.] 

flabellum,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 
Geo.   Sur.   111.,    vol.  6,   Keokuk  Gr. 


[Sig.  a  little  fan.] 
~}hn 


ig.  a 
iform 


ligoniformis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo."  Sur.   111.,   vol.   6,   Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  like  a  mattock.] 
minusculus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

(Orodus  minusculus)  Geo.   Rep.  111., 

vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig.  rather  small.] 
tumidus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.    [Sig. 

swollen  out.] 
Dinichthys,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal., vol.  1. 

[Ety.  demos,  terrible ;  khthys,  a  fish.] 
hertzeri,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
terrelli,   Newberry,   1873-75,   Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  1  and  2,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Diplodus,  Agassiz,  1843,  Recherches  sur  les 

Poissons     Fossiles.        [Ety.     diploos, 

double;  odous,  a  tooth.]      This  name 

was  used  by  Rafinesque  for  a  genus  of 

Sparidse  in   1810,   Indice  d'Littologia 

Siciliana. 
acinaces,    Dawson,    1860,    Acad.    Geol., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  a  short  saber.] 
compressus,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.Phil.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

compressed.] 
diqjlicatus,  see  Thrinacodus    duplicatus. 
gracilis,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  vol.   8,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

slender.] 
incurvus,  see  Thrinacodus  incurvus. 
latus,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.   Phil.,   vol.   8,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

broad.] 
penetrans,  Dawson,    1860,   Acad.   Gepl., 

Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  piercing,  penetrat- 
ing-] 
Diptkrus,  Sedgwick  &  Murchison,  1828,  Geo. 

Trans. ,  2d  series,  vol.  3.     [Ety.  dipteros, 

two  winged.]     Diptera  is  an  order  of 

insects  established  by  Linnaeus? 
sherwoodi,  Newberry,   1875,   Ohio   Pal., 

vol.    2,    Catskill    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
Drepanacanthus,    Newberry    &  Worthen, 

1866,   Geo.   Sur.   111.,   vol.   2.      [Ety. 

drepane,  a  sickle  ;  akantha,  a  spine.] 
anceps,  see  Xystracanthus  anceps. 
gemmatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,   vol.   2,    Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  budded  or  having  knots.] 
reversus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig. 

reversed.] 
stellatus,  see  Batacanthus  stellatus. 


PISCES. 


Edestes,  Leidy,  1856,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

2nd  series,  vol.  3.      [Ety.  edestes,  a  de- 

vourer.] 
heinrichsi,  Newberry  &  Worthen,   1870, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
minor,  Newberry,  1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111., vol. 

2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  less.] 
vorax,  Leidy,  1856,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

Phil.,   vol.   3,   2d  series,   Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  ravenous,  voracious.] 
Elonkhthys  peltigerus,  see  Palaeoniscus  pelti- 

gerus. 
Erismacanthus,  McCoy,  1848,  Ann.  &  Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.,   2d  series,   vol.  2.    [Ety. 

ereisma,  a   prop    or    stay;  akantha,   a 

spine.] 
maccoyanus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Eubylepis,  Newberry,  1856,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.       [Ety.   eurys,   broad ;  lepis, 

scale.] 
corrugata,  Newberrv,  1856,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,"  Coal   Meas.      [Sig. 

corrugated.] 
granulata,   Newberry,  1856,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,    Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

granular.] 
insculpta,    dewberry,  1856,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,    Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

carved,  engraved.] 
lineata,    Newberry,    1856,     Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,    Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

lined.] 
minima,  Newberry,   1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  very  small.] 
ornatissima,  Newberry,  1856,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.    Phil.,    Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

highly  ornamented.] 
ovoidea,    Newberry,    1856,   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  egg- 
shaped.] 
striolata,   Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.    very   minutely 

striated.] 
tuberculata,  Newberry,  1856,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  tuber- 

culated.] 
Fissodus,  St.   John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.  6.      [Ety.  fissus,  split; 

odous,  tooth.] 
bifidus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,   vol.  6,  Chester  Gr.      [Sig. 

divided  into  two  parts.] 
tricuspidatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.   6,   Chester  Gr. 

[Sig.  three-pointed.] 
Gampsacanthus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.    [Ety.  gampsos, 

curved;   akantha,  a  spine.] 
(?)  latus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

wide.] 
squamosus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  scaly.] 


typus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.    [Ety. 

the  type  of  the  genus.] 
Geisacanthus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.     [Ety.  geison,  a 

border ;  akantha,  a  spine.] 
bullatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.   6,   Chester  Gr.      [Sig. 

bossed,  studded.] 
stellatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig. 

starred.] 
Glymmatacanthus,  St.  John   &  Worthen, 

1875,  Geo.   Sur.    111.,  vol.  6.      [Ety. 

glymmatos,  engraved;  akantha,  a  spine.] 
irishi,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.]   t 
Gyracanthus,    Agassiz,    1837,    Recherches 

sur  les  Poissons  Fossiles.    [Ety.  gyros, 

a  circle;  akantha,  a  spine.] 
alleni,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  1, 

Cuyahoga  shale.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
compressus,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.   1,  Cuyahoga  shale.     [Sig.  com- 
pressed.] 
duplicatus,  Dawson,   1868,  Acad.  Geol., 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  doubled.] 
magnificus,  Dawson,   1868,  Acad.  Geol., 

Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  magnificent,  splen- 
did.] 
Harpacodus,   Agassiz,    1869,    Catal.     Foss. 

Fish,Collection  of  Earl  of  Enniskillen. 

[Ety.  harpe,  a  hook;  odous,  a  tooth.] 
compactus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,   vol.  6,    Chester   Gr. 

[Sig.  compact.] 
occidentalis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.   6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  western.] 
Heliodus,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2.      [Ety.   helios,   the   sun;    odous,    a 

tooth.] 
lesleyi,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 

Chemung  Gr.    [Ety.   proper    name.] 
Helodus,  Agassiz,  1838,  Recherches  sur  les 

Poissons  Fossiles.     [Ety.  helos,  a  nail 

or  rudder;  odous,  a  tooth.] 
angulatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  angular.] 
biformis,    Newberry   &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  double-formed.] 
carbonarius,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig. 

pertaining  to  coal.] 
compressus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  compressed.] 
compressus,  see  Hybocladodus  compressus. 
coniculus,   Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  little  cone.] 
consohdatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.   111.,  vol.   2,  Keokuk   Gr. 

[Sig.  consolidated.] 


234 


PISCES. 


crenulatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.   111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  crenulated.] 
•  lenshumani,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.   111.,  vol.   2,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
denticulatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.   Sur.   III.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  denticulated.] 
elytra,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety. 

elytron,  the  wing  covering  as  the  elytra 

of  the  beetle.] 
gibbosus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig. 

gibbous.] 
Umax,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Burlington  Gr.    [Sig. 

a  slug,  dew-snail.] 
nobilis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,   Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

noble,  excellent.] 
placenta,  Newberry   &  Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  cake.] 
politus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,   vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

smooth.] 
rngosus,    Newberry    &   Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

wrinkled.] 
sulcatus,   Newberry    &    Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.    111.,   vol.   2,   Keokuk   Gr, 


[Sig.  furrowed.] 
ldulati 


undulatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,  vol.   2,   Keokuk    Gr 

[Sig.  waved.] 
Holoptychius,  Agassiz,  1843,  Recherches  sur 

les   Poissons   Fossiles.      [Ety.    holos, 

entire ;  ptyclie,  a  wrinkle.] 
americanus,  Leidy,  1856,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  2nd  series,  vol.  3,  Catskill    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
nobilissimus,    Agassiz,     as    identified    by 

Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.  N.  Y., 

is  described  as  H.  americanus. 
taylori,  Hall,  1843,  (Sauripteris  taylori) 

Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist.   N.   Y.,  Catskill 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Homacanthus,  Agassiz,  1845,  Mon.  Pois.  Foss. 

Syst.,  Devonian. 
gibbosus,  see  Amacanthus  gibbosus. 
rectus,  see  Marracanthus  rectus. 
Hybocladodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.     [Ety.  hybos,  a 

hump ;  Cladodus,  a  genus  of  fossil  fish.] 
compressus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

(Helodus  compressus)  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.   2,   Burlington  Gr.       [Sig.   com- 
pressed.] 
intermedius,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.   Sur.    111.,  vol.  6,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  intermediate.] 
nitidus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,   Chester  Gr.      [Sig. 

neat,  pretty.] 


plicatilus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875r 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  in  small  folds.] 

tenuicostatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  finely  lined.] 
Lambdodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.  [Ety.  Lambda,  a 
Greek  letter;  odous,  a  tooth.] 

calceolus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo, 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig, 
a  sandal,  a  slipper.] 

calceolus  var.  robustus,  St.  John  &  Wor- 
then, 1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Keo 
kuk  Gr.     [Sig.  robust.] 

costatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo 


Burlington  Gr.     [Sig, 


Sur.  111.,  vol 

ribbed.] 
hamulus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Chester  Gr.    [Sig.  a 

small  hook.] 
reflexus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,   vol.   6,  Chester  Gr.     [Sig. 

turned  back.] 
transversus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.   Sur.  111.,   vol.  6,  St.  Louis   Gr. 

[Sig.  crosswise.] 
Lecbacanthus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.     [Ety.  lekroi,  the 

antlers  of  a  stag ;   akantha,  a  spine.] 
unguiculus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.  [Sig. 

furnished  with  claw-like  processes.] 
Leiodus,   St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.     [Ety.  lelos,  smooth ; 

odous,  tooth.] 
calcaratus,  St.   John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  spurred,  spur-shaped.] 
calcaratus  var.  grossipunctatus,  St.  John 

&  Worthen,  1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol. 

6,  Keokuk  Gr.    [Sig.  thick-punctured.] 
Leptacanthus,  Agassiz,  1837,  Poiss.  Foss.,vol.3, 

[Ety.  leptos,  slender;  akantha,  spine.] 
occidentalis,    see    Acondylacanthus   occi- 

dentalis. 
Leptophbactus,  Cope,  1873,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.     [Ety.  leptos,  thin ;  phraktos, 

walled.] 
obsoletus,  Cope,  1873,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  obsolete.] 
Liognathus,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1.   [Ety.  lis,  smooth;  gnathos,  the  jaw.] 
spatulatus,   Newberry,   1873;   Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  1,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  spatulate, 

blade-shaped.] 
Lisgodus,  St.  John&  Worthen,  1875,Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  6.    [Ety.  lisgos,  a  spade ;  odous, 

a  tooth.] 
curtus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig. 

short.] 
selluliformis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.    111.,   vol.   6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  like  a  little  seat  or  stool.] 
serratus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  Ill,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr.      [Sig. 

saw-edged.] 


PISCES. 


Listracanthus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870. 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4.      [Ety.  listron,  a 

shovel ;  akantha,  a  spine.] 
hildrethi,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hystrix,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig. 

covered  or  beset  with  spines.] 
Lopliodm,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  4.    This  name  was  pre- 
occupied by  Romanowsky  in  1864. 
variabilis,  see  Agassizodus  variabilis. 
Mach^racanthus,  Newberry,  1853,  Annals 

of  Science,  vol.  1,  and  1857,  Bull.  Nat. 

Inst.     [Ety.  machaira,  a  sabre ;  akan- 
tha, a  spine.] 
major,  Newberry,  1857,  Bull.  Nat.  Inst., 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  greater.] 
peracutus,   Newberry,   1857,   Bull.    Nat. 

Inst.,  Corniferous  Gr.      [Sig.  very 

sharp-pointed.] 
sulcatus,  Newberry,  1857,  Bull.  Nat.  Inst., 

Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  furrowed.] 
Macropktalichthys,    Norwood    &    Owen, 

1846,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  1. 

[Ety.  makros,  large ;  petalos,  expanded 

or  spread  out ;  icMhys,  a  fish.] 
manni,   Newberry,    1853,    (Agassichthys 

manni)  Annals  of  Science,  vol.  1,  and 

1857,  Bull.  Nat.  Inst.,  Corniferous  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
rapheidolabis,  Norwood  &  Owen,  1846, 

Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  1,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.       [Ety.  raphis,  a  needle ; 

eidos,  form  ;  labis,  forceps.] 
sullivanti,  Newberry,  1857,  (Agassichthys 

sullivanti)  Bull.Nat.  Inst.,  Corniferous 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Marracanthus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.     [Ety.  marron,  a 

spade ;   akantha,  a  spine.  ] 
rectus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  (Ho- 

macanthus  (?)  rectus)  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  straight.] 
Mkcolepis,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  8.     [Ety.  mekos,  large  ;  lepis, 

a  scale.] 
corrugata,  Newberry,    1857,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

wrinkled.] 
granulata,  Newberry,   1857,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.    Sci.,   vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

granulated.] 
insculpta,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  en- 
graved.] 
lineata,    Newberry,     1857,    Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,   vol.  8,    Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

lined.] 
ornatissima,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,   vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

highly  ornamented.] 
ovoidea,    Newberry,    1857,  Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,  vol.  8,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

ovoidal.] 
serrata,     Newberry,    1857,    Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.   8,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

serrated.] 


tuberculata,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
tuberculated.] 
Mesodmodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.  [Ety.  mesodme, 
something  between;   odous,  a  tooth.] 

explanatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr. 
[Sig.  spread  out.] 

exculptus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr. 
[Sig.  deeply  sculptured.] 

ornatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
ornamented.] 
Onchus,  Agassiz,  1837,  Recherches  sur  les 
Poissons  Fossiles.  [Ety.  onchos,  bent 
or  hooked  like  a  talon  or  arrow-barb.] 

deweyi,  see  Ceratiocaris  deweyi. 
Onychodus,  Newberry,  1853,  Annals  of  Sci- 
ence, vol.  1,  and  1857,  Bull.  Nat.  Inst. 
[Ety.  onyx,  a  claw ;   odous,  tooth.] 

hopkinsi,  Newberry,  1853,  Annals  of  Sci- 
ence, vol.  1,  and  1857,  Bull.  Nat.  Inst., 
Corniferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

sigmoides,  Newberry,  1853,Annals  of  Sci- 
ence, vol.  1,  and  1857,  Bull.  Nat.  Inst., 
Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  like  the  letter 
Sigma.} 
Oracanthus,  Agassiz,  1837,  Recherches  sur 
les  Poissons  Fossiles.  [Ety.  oraios, 
beautiful;   akantha,  spine.] 

abbreviatus,  Newberry,  1853,  Annals  of 
Science,  vol.  1,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig. 
abbreviated.] 

consimilis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 
[Sig.  wholly  similar.] 

(?)  obliquus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  oblique.] 

pnigeus,  Newberrv  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  voh  2,  Keokuk  Gr.  This 
species  is  made  the  type  of  the  genus 
Pnigeacanthus,  see  P.  deltoides. 

vetustus,  Leidy,  1856,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  2d  ser.,  vol.  3,  Low.  Carb. 
[Sig.  ancient.] 

fragilis,  Newberry,  1853,  Annals  of  Sci- 
ence, vol.  1,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig. 
frail,  easily  broken.] 

granulatus,  Newberry,  1853,  Annals  of 
Science,  vol.  1,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig. 
granulated.] 

multiseriatus,  Newberry,  1853,  Annals  of 
Sci.,  vol.  1,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  in 
many  series.] 
Orodus,  Agassiz,  1838,  Recherches  sur  les 
Poissons  Fossiles.  [Ety.  oraios,  beau- 
tiful; odous,  tooth.] 

alleni,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

carinatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  keeled.] 

corrugatus,  see  Agassizodus  corrugatus. 


PISCES. 


dffidaleus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo, 

Sur.  111. ,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr.    [Ety, 

mythological  name.] 
decussatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  arranged  in  pairs  that  alternately 

cross  each  other.] 
elegantulus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,   Burlington   Gr. 

[Sig.  very  elegant.] 
fastigiatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  pointed.] 
major,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,Geo.  Sur. 

111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig.  large.] 
mammillaris,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.   Sur.  111.,   vol.   2,   Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  pap-shaped.] 
minusculus,  see  Desmiodus  minusculus. 
minutus,    Newberry    &  Worthen,   1866, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,   vol.    2,  Keokuk   Gr. 

[Sig.  very  small.] 
multicarinatus,    Newberry  &  Worthen, 

1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Kinderhook 

Gr.     [Sig.  many-keeled.] 
neglectus,   St.   John  &  Worthen,    1875, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,  vol.   6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  overlooked.] 
ornatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,   vol.   2,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig. 

ornamented.] 
parallelus,   St.   John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  parallel.] 
parvulus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.      [Sig. 

very  small.] 
plicatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.  2,  St.  Louis  Gr.    [Sig 

folded.] 
tuberculatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  tuberculated.] 
turgidus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.   6,  Chester   Gr.     [Sig. 

turgid,  swollen  out.] 
variabilis,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  variable.] 
variocostatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  variably  ribbed.] 
whitei,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Orthacanthus,  Agassiz,  1843,  Poiss.  Foss., 

vol.  3.     [Ety.  orthos,  straight ;  akantha, 

spine.] 
arcuatus,  Newberry,  1857,   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

bent,  bow-shaped.] 
gracilis,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  slender.] 
PALiEONiscus,  Agassiz,  1833,  Recherches  sur 

les  Poissons  Fossiles.    [Ety.  palaios, 

ancient;  oniscus,  a  wood  louse.] 
alberti,  Jackson,  1851,  Rep.  on  the  Albert 

Coal     Mine,    New    Brunswick,   Coal 

Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


brainardi,  Thomas,  1853,  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 

Hist.,  vol.  4,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  1,  Berea 

grit.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
browni,  Jackson,  1851,  Rep.   on   Albert 

Coal  Mine,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
cairnesi,  Jackson,  1851,  Rep.  on   Albert 

Coal    Mine,    New    Brunswick,    Coal 

Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gracilis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,   vol.  4,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

slender.] 
leidyanus,  Lea,  1852,  Jour.   Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  2d  series,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
peltigerus,  Newberry,  1857,  (Elonichthys 

peltigerus)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol. 

8,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.   bearing  a  small 

shield.] 
scutigerus,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.    Sci.    Phil.,    Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

shield-bearing.  ] 
Peltodus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  4.      [Ety.  pelte,  a  half- 
moon  shield ;  odous,  a  tooth.] 
plicomphalus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Chester  Gr.    [Sig. 

folded  in  the  middle.] 
quadratus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.   Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  square-shaped.] 
transversus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

crosswise.] 
unguiformis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

claw-shaped.] 
Peploehina,  Cope,  1873,  Proc.   Acad.   Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.     [Ety.  peplos,  a  robe  ;  Rhine, 

a  kind  of  dog-fish.] 
anthracina,  Cope,  1873,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat, 

Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  anthrax, 

coal.]   Prof.  Newberry  says  this  species 

is  an  amphibian  and  not  a  fish. 
Periplectrodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.     [Ety.  peri,  near 

by;  Plectrodw,  a  genus  of  fish.] 
compressus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  compressed.] 
expansus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.    111.,   vol.   6,  Chester  Gr.      [Sig. 

expanded.] 
warreni,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Petalodus,    Owen,     1840,     Odontography. 

[Ety.    petalos,    spread    out;    odous,    a 

tooth.] 
alleghaniensis,  Leidy,  1856,  Jour.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  2nd  series,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
curtus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,   Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig. 

short.] 
destructor,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig. 

a  destroyer.] 


PISCES. 


237 


hybridus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 
[Sig.  hybrid;  intermediate  between 
two  species.] 

linguifer,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1856, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig. 
tongue-bearing.] 

parvulus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  Carbon- 
iferous.   [Sig.  very  small.] 

politus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  Carbon- 
iferous.    [Sig.  smooth.] 

sulcatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  Carbon- 
iferous.   [Sig.  furrowed.] 

proximus,   St.   John  &  Worthen,   1875, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig. 
approaching,  near  to.] 
Petalorhynchus,  Agassiz,  1855,  in  British 


Pal.  Rocks.     [Ety.  petalos,  spread  out; 

rhynclws,  a  beak.j 
distortus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  HI.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.    [Sig. 

distorted,  twisted.] 
pseudosagittatus,   St.  John  &  Worthen, 

1875,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis 

Gr.     [Sig.  false  sagittatw,  a  species  of 

Petalorhynchus.  ] 
spatulatus,   St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  spatulate,  blade-shaped.] 
striatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig. 

striated.] 
Pktbodus,  McCoy,  1848,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.,  2d  series,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  petros,  a 

rock ;  odous,  a  tooth.] 
acutus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.   2,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

sharp-pointed.] 
occidentalis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2, Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

western.] 
pustulosus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol"  4,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  covered  with  pustules.] 
Phcebodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,   vol.  6.     [Ety.  mythological 

name;  odous,  a  tooth.] 
sophise,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.    6,    Devonian.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Physonemus,  Agassiz,  1843,  Recherches  sur 

les  Poissons  Fossiles.     [Ety.  physa,  a 

bladder  ;   nema,  a  thread.] 
altonensis,   St.   John   &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
carinatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr.     [Sig. 

keeled.] 
chesterensis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Chester  Gr.   [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
depressus,   St.   John   &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  depressed.] 
gigas,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig. 

large.] 


parvulus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,   Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig! 

very  small.] 
proclivis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr.    [Sig. 

sloping,  going  downward.] 
Platyodus,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2.     [Ety.  platys,  broad  ;  odous,  a  tooth.] 
lineatus,  Newberry,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  lined.] 
Platysomus,  Agassiz,  1833,  Recherches  sur 

les  Poissons  Fossiles.      [Ety.  platys, 

broad ;  soma,  body.] 
circularis,   Newberry  &  Worthen,   1870, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

circular.] 
Plevracanthus,  Agassiz,  1837,  Poiss.  Foss., 

vol.  3.       [Ety.  pleura,   side  ;  akantha, 

spine.] 
arcuatus,    Newberry,   1857,  Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  bent.] 
biserialis,   Newberry,  1857,   Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,  vol.   8,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

having  two  series.] 
dilatatus,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad.Nat.v 

Sci.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  dilated.] 
Pnigeacanthus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.     [Ety.  from  the 

specific  name  in   Oracanthus  pnigeus ; 

akantha,  a  spine.] 
deltoides,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,   vol.  6,   Keokuk   Gr.     [Sig. 

like  the  Greek  letter  Delta.]    But  why 

should  this  species  not  be  Pnigeacan- 
thus pnigeus  f 
Pcscilodus,  Agassiz,  1843,  Recherches  Poiss. 

Foss.,  vol.  3.  [Ety.  poikilos,  variegated ; 

odous,  tooth.] 
convolutus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,  vol.   4,    Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  rolled  together.] 
ornatus,    Newberry    &    Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.   Sur.  111.,   vol.   2,    Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  ornamented.] 
rugosus,    Newberry    &  Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.   Sur.    111.,  vol.   2,    Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  wrinkled.] 
Polyrhizodus,  McCoy,  1848,  Ann.  &  Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.,  2nd  series,  vol.  2.    [Ety. 

polys,  many  ;  rhiza,  root ;  odous,  tooth.] 
amplus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.    [Sig. 

full-sized.] 
carbonarius,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

pertaining  to  coal.] 
dentatus,   Newberry  &   Worthen,    1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.   [Sig. 

toothed.] 
littoni,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
modestus,    Newberry,    1875,   Ohio   Pal., 

vol.  2,  Cleveland  shale.    [Sig.  mode- 
rate.] 
nanus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.  6,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig. 

dwarfish.] 


\ 


PISCES. 


piasaensis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Chester  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
ponticulus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig. 
a  little  bridge.] 
porosus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Burlington  Gr.      [Sig. 

full  of  pores,  porous.] 
truncatus,   Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  truncated,  cut  off.] 
williamsi,   St.    John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Pristicladodus,  McCoy,  1855,  British  Pal. 

Rocks.      [Ety.  from  the  two  genera 

Pristis  and  Cladodus.'] 
springeri,   St.    John   &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pristodus,   Agassiz.      [Ety.  pristis,  a  saw ; 

odious,  a  tooth.] 
acuminatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  sharp-pointed.] 
Psammodus,  Agassiz,  1838,   Recherches  sur 

les  Poissons  Fossiles.     [Ety.  psammos, 

sand ;   odous,  tooth.] 
angularis,   Newberry  &  Worthen,   1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.    [Sig. 

angular.] 
antiquus,   Newberry,   1853,   Annals  of 

Science,  vol.  1,  and  1857,  Bull.  Nat. 

Inst.,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
porosus,  Agassiz,  1838,  Recherch.  Poiss. 

Foss.,  Chester  Gr.    [Sig.  full  of  pores.  ] 
reticulatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Chester  Gr.    [Sig. 

reticulated,  net  work.] 
rhomboideus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.    [Sig. 

like  a  rhomb,  lozenge-shaped.] 
rugosus,  Agassiz,  1838,  Recherch.  Poiss. 

Foss.,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  wrinkled.] 
semicylindricus,   Newberry  &  Worthen, 

1866,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,   vol.   2,   Keokuk 

Gr.     [Sig.  half  cylindrical.] 
Psephodus,  Agassiz.      [Ety.  psepkos,  a  peb- 
ble; odous,  a  tooth.] 
reticulatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  reticulated,  like  net  work.] 
Ptkrichthys,  Miller,  1840,  in  British  Rep. 

[Ety.  pteron,  a  fin ;  ichthys,  a  fish.] 
norwoodensis,  Owen,   1846,   Am.    Jour. 

Sci.,  2nd  series,  vol.  1,  "Op.  Held.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Ptyctodus,  Pander,  Uber  die  Ctenodipteri- 

nen  des  Devonischens  Systems.  [Ety. 

ptyktos,  folded ;  odous,  a  tooth.] 
calceolus,   Newberry  &  Worthen,   1866, 

(Rinodus   calceolus)    Geo.    Sur.    111., 

vol.  2,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  a  sandal  or 

slipper.] 


Pygopterus,  Agassiz,  1833,  Poiss.  Foss.,  vol. 

2.     [Ety.  pyge,  rump  ;  pteron,  a  fin.] 
scutellatus,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,  vol.   8,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

shielded.] 
Rhizoous,  Owen,  1840,  Odontography.  [Ety. 

rhiza,  a  root ;  odous,  a  tooth.] 
angustus,  Newberry,  1857,    Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

narrow.] 
hardingi,    Dawson,    1868,    Acad.    Geol., 

Carboniferous.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
incurvus,  ^-Newberry,   1857,   Proc,  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  in- 
curved.] 
lancifer,  Newberry,  1857,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.   Phil.,  vol.  8,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

bearing  a  lance.] 
occidentalis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig. 

western.] 
quadratus,   Newberry,   1873,  Ohio  Pal., 

vol.  1,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  square-shaped.] 
reticulatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

reticulated,  net-work.] 
Rhynchodus,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1.      [Ety.  rhynchos,  a  beak;    odous,  a 

tooth.] 
crassus,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  thick.] 
frangens,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

1,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  broken.] 
secans,  Newberry,  1873,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  1, 

Corniferous  Gr.    [Sig.  divided  up.] 
Rinodus,  syn.  for  Ptyctodus. 

calceolus,  see  Ptyctodus  calceolus. 
Sandalodus,   Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  sandalon, 

a  sandal ;   odous,  a  tooth.] 
angustus,   Newberry  &  Worthen,   1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.    [Sig. 

narrow.] 
carbonarius,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig 

pertaining  to  coal.] 
crassus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1870,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  4,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig. 

thick.] 
grandis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.   2,   Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig. 

large.] 
laevissimus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.    [Sig. 

very  smooth.] 
parvulus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  St.  Louis  Gr.    [Sig. 

very  small.] 
spatulatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2, St.  Louis  Gr.   [Sig. 

spatulate,  blade-shaped.] 
SauHpteris,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  Rep.  4th  Dist. 

N.  Y.    [Ety.  sauros,  a  lizard ;  pteron, 

a  wing.] 
taylori,  see  Holoptychius  taylori. 


PISCES. 


Stemmatodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.     [Ety.  stemmatos, 

a  wreath ;   odous,  a  tooth.] 
bicristatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  double-peaked.] 
bifurcatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  forked.] 
cheiriformis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  like  a  hand.] 
compactus,  St.   John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Chester  Gr.    [Sig. 

compact.] 
keokuk,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
simplex,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr.    [Sig. 

simple.] 
symmetricus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  symmetrical.] 
Stenacanthus,    Leidy,    1857,    Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  8.       [Ety.  stems,  nar- 
row; akantha,  a  spine.] 
nitidus,   Leidy,   1857,   Proc.   Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.    8,   Devonian.      [Sig.    neat, 

smooth.] 
Tanaodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.   6.     [Ety.  tanaos,  long; 

odous,  a  tooth.] 
angularis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

(Chomatodus  angularis)  Geo.  Sur.  III., 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  angulated.] 
bellicinctus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig. 

beautifully  banded.] 
depressus,   St.   John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig. 

depressed.] 
gracillimus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

(Chomatodus  gracillimus)  Geo.   Sur. 

111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  very 

slender.] 
grossiplicatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig. 

thick-folded.] 
multiplicatus,    Newberry    &    Worthen, 

1866,  (Chomatodus  multiplicatus)  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Burlington  Gr.      [Sig. 

many  folded.] 
obscurus,  Leidy,  1856,  (Chomatodus  ob- 

scurus)  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc,  vol.  11, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  obscure.] 
polymorphus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Chester  Gr.  [Sig. 

many  formed.] 
praenuntius,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,   vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  forboding.] 
pumilus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  a 

dwarf.] 
sculptus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.    [Sig. 

engraved,  sculptured.] 


sublunatus,   St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.   Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  somewhat  lunate.] 
Thbinacodus,   St.  John  &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.     [Ety.  thrinakos, 

three-pronged  ;  odous,  a  tooth.] 
nanus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Kinderhook  Gr.    [Sig. 

dwarfish.] 
duplicatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866, 

(Diplodus  duplicatus)   Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig.  folded  in 

two.] 
incurvus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,    1866, 

(Diplodus  incurvus)    Geo.    Sur.   111., 

vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr.    [Sig.  incurved.] 
Tbigonodus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,   1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2.     [Ety.   trigonos, 

three-cornered ;   odous,  tooth.] 
major,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig. 

large.] 
minor,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  1866,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  2,   Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

small.] 
Venustodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6.      [Ety.  venustus,  beau- 
tiful ;  odous,  tooth.] 
argutus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.   111.,  vol.   6,   Chester    Gr.    [Sig. 

pretty.] 
kidyi,  St.  John  &  Worthen,   1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  St.  Louis  Gr.    This 

name  is  a  syn.  for  V.  venustus. 
robustus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875,  Geo. 

Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig. 

robust.] 
tenuicristatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Sig. 

slender-peaked.] 
variabilis,  St.   John   &  Worthen,   1875, 

Geo.   Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Sig.  variable.] 
venustus,  Leidy,  1856,  (Chomatodus  ve- 
nustus) Trans.Am.  Phil.  Soc.  Phil., vol. 

11,  St.  Louis  Gr.    [Sig.  beautiful.] 
Xystkacanthus,  Leidy,   1859,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  Phil.       [Ety.  xystra,  a  tool 

for  scraping;  akantha,  a  spine.] 
acinaciformis,  St.  John  &  Worthen,  1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

scimitar-shaped.] 
anceps,    Newberry    &    Worthen,    1866, 

(Drepanacanthus  anceps)   Geo.   Sur. 

111.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  doubtful.] 
arcuatus,  Leidy,  1859,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Up.  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  bent, 

bow-shaped.] 
mirabilis,   St.   John    &  Worthen,    1875, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig. 

wonderful.] 
Xystrodus,  Agassiz.    [Ety.  xystra,  an  instru- 
ment for  scraping ;   odous,  tooth.] 
occidentalis,  St.  John,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

western.]  ■  - 


CLASS    EEPTILIA. 


SUB-CLASS    BATKACHIA, 


FAMILY  COLOSTEID^E.— Amphibamus,  Colosteus,  Sauropleura. 

FAMILY  MOLGOPHID.E.— Molgophis,  Pleuroptyx. 

FAMILY  PHLEGETHONTIIDiE.— Phlegethontia. 

FAMILY  PTYONIID.E.— Hyphasma,  Oestocephalus,  Ptyonius. 

FAMILY  TUDITANIDiE.— Brachydectes,    Ceraterpeton,    Dendrerpeton,    Eurythorax, 

Hylerpeton,  Hylonomus,  Leptophractus,  Pelion,  Tuditanus. 
ORDER  PROTEIDA.— Cocytinus,  Thyrsidium. 
INCERTJS  SEDIS.  — Baphetes,  Cheirotherium,  Clepsysaurus,  Collettosaurus,  Eosaurus, 

Ornithichnites,  Sauropus,  Spheropezium,  Thenaropus. 


Amphibamus,  Cope,  1865,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.  [Ety.  amphi,  both;  bama, 
a  step;  from  its  two  modes  of  pro- 
gressing— swimming  and  walking.] 

grandiceps,  Cope,  1865,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  big- 
headed.] 
Baphetes,  Owen,  1853,  Jour.  Geo.  Soc. 
London,  vol.  9.  [Ety.  bapto,  I  dip  or 
dive — a  diving  animal.] 

minor,  Dawson,  1870,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geol., 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  less.] 

planiceps,  Owen,  1853,  Jour.  Geo.  Soc. 
London,  vol.  9,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 
flat-headed.] 
Bkachydectes,  Cope,  1868,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.  [Ety.  brachys,  short ;  dekles, 
a  biter.] 

newberryi,  Cope,  1868,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Ceraterpeton,  Huxley.     [Ety.  keras,  horn ; 
erpeton,  reptile.] 

punctolineatum,  Cope,  1875,OhioPal.,vol. 
2,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  puncture-lined.] 

tenuicorne,  Cope,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 
Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  slender-horned.] 
Cheirotherium,  Kaup,  1835,  in  Leonhard 
und  Bronn,  Neues  Jahrbuch  fur  Min- 
eralogie.  [Ety.  cheir,  the  hand ; 
therion,  beast.] 

reiteri,  Moore,  1863,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  & 
Arts,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  5,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 


Clepsysaurus,  Lea,  1852,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  vol.  2.  [Ety.  klepsydra,  a  sand- 
glass ;  saurm,  a  lizard  ;  from  the  com- 
pression laterally  of  the  vertebra? 
towards  the  center.] 

peiinsylvanicus,  Lea,  1852,  Jour.   Acad. 
Nat.   Sci.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
Cocytinus,  Cope,  1871,  Proc.  Am.  Phil.  Soc. 
[Ety.  kokytos,  mythological  name.] 

gyrinoides,  Cope,  1874,  Trans.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  like  a  tadpole.] 

Collettosaurus,  Cox,  1873,  Geo.  Sur.  Ind. 

[Ety.  proper  name;  sauras,  a  lizard.] 

indianensis,   Cox,   1873,  Geo.  Sur.  Ind., 
Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Colosteus,   Cope,   1869.    Trans.   Am.   Phil. 
Soc.  [Ety.  kolos,  short;  osteon,  a  bone.] 

crassiculatus,  syn.  for  C.  scutellatus. 

foveatus,   1869,  Trans.   Am.   Phil.    Soc, 
Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  pitted.] 

marshi,  see  Ptyonius  marshi. 

pauciradiatus,  Cope,  1874,Trans.  Am.Phil. 
Soc,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  few-lined.] 

scutellatus,  Newberry,  1856,  (Pygopterus 
scutellatus)  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil., 
Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  having  a  shield.] 
Dendrerpeton,  Owen,  1853,  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc,  vol.  9.  [Ety.  dendron,  a 
tree ;  erpeton,  a  lizard ;  from  the  pe- 
culiar circumstances  under  which  the 
fossil  reptile  was  found.] 


REPTILIA. 


241 


acadianum,  Owen,  1853,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc,  vol.  9,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety.   from 
Acadia,    the  ancient    name  of  Nova 
Scotia.] 
oweni,  Dawson,  1863,  Quar.   Jour.   Geo. 
Soc,  vol.  19, -Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Eosaukus,  Marsh,   1862,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  7.      [Ety.  eos,  the  dawn ;  gauros, 
a  lizard.] 
acadianus,  Marsh,  1862,  Can.  Nat.  &  Geo., 
vol.  7,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Eurythorax,  Cope,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2. 
[Y,ty.  curi/s,  broad;  thorax,  the  breast.] 
subkevis,  Cope,  1871,  Proc.  Am.  Phil.  Soc, 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  somewhat  smooth.] 
Hylerpeton,  Owen,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc,  vol.  18.    [Ety.  hyle,  wood ;  erpekm, 
reptile.] 
curtidentatum,  Dawson,  1876,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  &  Arts,  vol.  12,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 
short-toothed.] 
dawsoni,   Owen,  1862,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc,  vol.  18,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
longidentatum,  Dawson,  1876,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  &  Arts,  vol.  12,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 
long-toothed.] 
Hylonomus,  Dawson,  1860,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc,  vol.  16.     [Ety.  hyle,  wood;  nomos, 
an  abode ;   forest  dweller.] 
aciedentatus,  Dawson,  1860,  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc,  vol.  16,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 
needle-toothed,  sharp-toothed.] 
lyelli,  Dawson,   1860,  Quar.   Jour.   Geo. 
Soc,  vol.  16,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
hymani,  Dawson,  1860,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
"  Soc,  vol.  16,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Hyphasma,   Cope,   1875,   Proc   Acad.   Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.     [Ety.  hyphasma,  a  web.] 
laevis,  Cope,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2,  Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.  smooth.] 
Leptophractus,    Cope,    1873,    Proc.    Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.  Phil.     [Ety.  teptos,  stripped ; 
pliraktos,  defence.] 
obsoletus,  Cope,  1873,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  obsolete.] 
Molgophis,   Cope,   1868,  Proc.   Acad.   Nat. 
Sci.     [Ety.    molgos,   a  skin;    aphis,    a 
serpent.] 
brevicostatus,  Cope,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol. 

2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  short-ribbed.] 
macrurus,  Cope,  1868,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  long-tailed.] 
wheatleyi,  Cope,  1874,  Trans.  Am.  Phil. 
Soc,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Oestocephalus,  Cope,  1868,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.    Phil.       [Ety.    oistos,   an    arrow ; 
kephale,  the  head.] 
amphiuminus,  Cope,   1868,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  from  re 
semblance  to  Amphiuma.] 
pectinatus,  see  Ptyonius  pectinatus. 
rectidens,  Cope,  1874,  Trans.  Am.  Phil 
Soc,     Coal     Meas.      [Sig.     straight 
toothed.] 


remex,  Cope,  1868,  (Sauropleura  remex) 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
an  oarsman,  a  rower.] 
rinchdlanns,  see  Ptyonius  vinchellanus. 
Ornithiciinites,  Hitchcock,  1832,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  &  Arts.       [Ety. .  omithos,  a  bird  ; 
ichnos,  a  foot  step.] 
culbertsoni,  King,  1845,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
vol.48,Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gallinuloides,  King,  1845,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
vol.  48,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  similar  to  a 
pullet.] 
Pelion,  Wynian,  1868,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 
Phil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lyelli,    Wyman,   1858,   (Baniceps  lyelli) 
Am.  Jour.  Sci.   &  Arts,  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Phlegethontia,  Cope,  1871,  Proc  Am.  Phil. 
Soc.     [Ety.   phlegetho,   to    scorch,  to 
burn.] 
linearis,   Cope,   1874,   Trans.   Am.   Phil. 

Soc,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  lined.] 
serpens,  Cope,   1874,  Trans.   Am.   Phil. 
Soc,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  a  serpent.] 
Pleuroptyx,  Cope,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2. 
[Ety.  pleura,  a  rib;  ptyx,  a  fold,  a  wing.] 
clavatus,  Cope,   1875,   Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  club-shaped.] 
Ptyonius,  Cope,  1874,  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc 
[Ety.  ptyon,  a  fan.] 
marshi,  Cope,   1875,  (Colosteus  marshii) 
Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas. *   [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
nummifer,  Cope,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  coin-bearing.] 
pectinatus,  Cope,  1868,  (Sauropleura  pec- 
tinata)   Proc.   Acad.    Nat.   Sci.,    Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.  pectinated,  toothed  like 
a  comb.] 
serrula,  Cope,  1874,  Trans.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  a  saw.] 
vinchellanus,    Cope,  1871,    {Oestocephalus 
vinchellanus)   Proc.   Am.   Phil.  Soc, 
Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pygopterus,  Agassiz,  1833,  Recherch.   Poiss. 
Foss. 
scutellatus,  see  Colosteus  scutellatus. 
lianice])s,   Wyman,   1858,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  & 
Arts.     [Sig.  frog-headed.]    Name  was 
preoccupied. 
lyellii,  see  Pelion  lyelli. 
Sauropleura,  Cope,  1868,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phil.  [Ety.  sauros,  a  lizard ;  pleura, 
a  rib.] 
digitata,  Cope,  1868,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 
Phil.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  having  fingers 
or  toes.] 
newberryi,  Cope,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 

Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pectinata,  see  Ptyonius  pectinatus. 
remex,  Cope,  1868,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  a  rower.] 
Sauropus,  Lea,  1849,  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc, 
vol.  10.      [Ety.  sauros,  a  lizard;   pons, 
a  foot.] 
primsevus,  Lea,  1849,    Trans.  Am.  Phil. 
Soc,  vol.  10,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  first.] 


242 


REPTILIA. 


sydenensis,  Dawson,  1868,  Acad.  Geol., 
Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

unguifer,  Dawson,  1872,  Geo.  Mag.,  vol. 
9,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  claw-bearing; 
from  the  peculiar  appendages  to  the 
hind  foot.] 
Spheropezium,  King,  1845,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
vol.  48.  [Ety.  sphaira,  sphere ;  pezia, 
sole  of  the  foot.] 

leptodactylum,  King,  1845,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.,  vol.  48,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  slender- 
fingered  or  slender-toed.] 

ovoidactylum,  King,  1845,  Am.  Jour.  Sci., 
vol.  48,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  having  egg- 
shaped  toes.] 

pachydactvlum,  King,  1845,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.,  vol.  48,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  thick- 
toed.] 

thserodactylum,  King,  1845,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.,  vol.  48,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  hinge- 
toed.) 
Thenaropus,  King,  1846,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol. 
48.  [Ety.  thenaros,  palm  of  the  hand ; 
pous,  foot.] 

heterodactvlus,  King,  1845,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.,  vol.  48,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  irreg- 
ular-toed.] 

leptodactylus,  King,  1846,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
slender-toed.] 


ovoidactylus,    King,    1846,   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.   48,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

ovoid-toed.] 
pachydactvlus,  King,   1846,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  48,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

thick-toed.] 
sphserodactylus,  King,  1846,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  48,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

spherical-toed.] 
Thyrsidium,   Cope,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2. 

[Ety.  thyrsos,  light  shaft.] 
fasciculare,  Cope,  1875,  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  2, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  a  small  bundle.] 
Tuditanus,  Cope,  1871,  Proc.  Am.  Phil.  Soc. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
brevirostris,  Cope,  1874,  Trans.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  short-beaked.] 
huxleyi,  Cope,    1874,   Trans.   Am.   Phil. 

Soc.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
longipes,  Cope,  1874,  (Sauropleura    lon- 

gipes)    Trans.    Am.   Phil.   Soc,  Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  long-footed.] 
mordax,  Cope,  1875,   Ohio   Pal.,   vol.  2, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  given  to  biting.] 
obtusus,   Cope,  1868,    Proc.   Acad.   Nat. 

Sci.  Phil.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  obtuse.] 
punctulatus,    Cope,    1874,    Trans.     Am. 

Phil.    Soc,    Coal    Meas.      [Sig.   well 

punctured.] 
radiatus,   Cope,  1874,  Trans.   Am.  Phil. 

Soc,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  radiating  from 

a  point.] 


ADDENDA 


Prof.  James  Hall,  of  New  York,  has  proposed  new  names  for  his  species,  that  were 
found  preoccupied  in  the  course  of  this  work.  Part  of  these  new  names  were  received 
in  time  to  fall  in  their  proper  places,  others  are  added  here. 


Amplexus  hamiltonise,   Hall,    1876,    Illust. 
Devonian    Foss.,    Ham.    Gr.      [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
intermittens,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  interrupted, 
left  at  intervals.] 
Bellerophon  textilis,  Hall,   1877,  Warsaw 
Gr.     [Sig.  woven.]    Proposed  instead 
of    B.   cancellatus,   Hall,   1858,   which 
was  preoccupied, 
triliratus,  Hall,  1877,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig. 
three-lined.]    Proposed  instead  of  B. 
tricarinatus,  Hall,  1876,  which  was  pre- 
occupied.] 
Bucania  euomphaloides,  Owen,  1862,  Geo. 
Sur.  Ind.     [Ety.  from  its  resemblance 
to  an  Euomphalus.']      Not  very  satis- 
factorily defined. 
•profunda,  Hall,  1859,  is  the  same  as  B. 
(Euomphalus)  profunda,  Conrad,  1841. 
Ch.etetes  fruticosus,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  De- 
vonian Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  bushy.] 
furcatus,    Hall,    1876,   Illust.    Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  forked.] 
humilis,    Hall,    1876,    Illust.    Devonian 

Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 
tabulatus,   Hall,   1876,  Illust.   Devonian 
Foss.,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  tabulated.] 
tenuis,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 
Conularia  crawfordsvillensis,  Owen,  1862, 
Geo.  Sur.  Ind.,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
Cyathophyllum  conatum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust. 
Devonian  Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.    an 
effort.] 
galerum,   Hall,    1876,    Illust.    Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  cap.] 
gradatum,    Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Ham.   Gr.     [Sig.    made    with 
steps.] 
nanum,    Hall,    1876,    Illust.     Devonian 

Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  dwarf.] 
nepos,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 

Ham*  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
palum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 
Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  a  stake.] 


perlamellosum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devo- 
nian Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  hav- 
ing many  lamellae] 

robustum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  robust.] 

subcaespitosum,  Meek,  1872,  Hayden's 
Geo.  Rep.,  Low.  Carb.  [Ety.  from 
a  resemblance  to  C.  caespitomm.] 

validum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  stout.] 
Cyclonema  obsolescens,  Hall,  1877,  Che- 
mung Gr.  [Sig.  grown  old.]  Pro- 
posed instead  of  C.  obsolete,,  Hall,  1876, 
which  was  preoccupied. 
Cyrtoceras  hallanum,  D'Orbigny,  1850, 
Prodrome  de  Pal.,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.]  Proposed  instead  of 
C.  lamellosum,  Hall,  1847,  which  was 
preoccupied.] 

olenus,  Hall,  1877,  Schoharie  grit.  [Ety. 
mythological  name.]  Proposed  in- 
stead of  C.  orion,  Hall,  1876,  which 
was  preoccupied.] 

subannulatum,  D'Orbigny,  1850,  Prodr. 
de  Pal.,  Black  Riv.  &  Trenton  Gr. 
[Sig.  somewhat  annulated.]  Proposed 
instead  of  C.  annulatum,  Hall,  1847, 
which  was  preoccupied. 

subarcuatum,  D'Orbigny,  1850,  Prodr. 
de  Pal.,  Trenton  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat 
arched.]  Proposed  instead  of  C.  ar- 
cuatum,  Hall,  1847,  which  was  pre- 
occupied. 

subcancellatum,  Hall,  1877,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  somewhat  cancellated.]  Pro- 
posed instead  of  C.  cancellatum,  Hall, 
1852,  which  was  preoccupied. 

tenuistriatum,  Hall,  1877,  Trenton  Gr. 
[Sig.  finely  lined.]  Proposed  instead 
of  C.  corniculum,  Hall,  1862,  which 
was  preoccupied. 
Cystiphyllum  conifollis,  Hall,  1876,  Illust. 
Devonian  Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  an 
inflated  cone.] 

corrugatum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  corrugated.] 


244 


ADDENDA. 


varians,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 
Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  variable.] 
Dentalium  sublseve,  Hall,  1877,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  somewhat  smooth.]  Proposed 
instead  of  D.  obsoletum,  Hall,  1858, 
which  was  preoccupied. 
Discina  saffordi,  Winchell,  1869,  Geo.  Tenn., 

Low.  Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Eodon,  Hall,   1877.      Proposed    instead    of 
Microdon,  Conrad,  which  was  preoc- 
cupied.   [Ety.  eos,  beginning;  odous,  a 
tooth ;  from  "the  rudimentary  teeth.] 

bellistriatus,  Conrad,  1842,  (Microdon 
bellistriata)  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol. 
8,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  beautifully  lined.] 

complanatus,  Hall,  1870,  (Microdon  com- 
planatus)  Prelim.  Notice  Lam.  shells, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  smoothed.] 

gregarius,  Hall,  1870,  (Microdon  gre- 
garia)  Prelim.  Notice  Lam.  shells, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  gregarious.] 

reservatus,  Hall,  1870,  (Microdon  reser- 
vatus)  Prelim.  Notice  Lam.  shells, 
Waverly  Gr.     [Sig.  reserved.] 

tenuistriatus,  Hall,  1870,  (Microdon  ten- 
uistriata)  Prelim.  Notice  Lam.  shells, 
Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  finely  lined.] 
Euomphalus  decollatus,  Hall,  1877,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  decollated,  behead- 
ed.] Proposed  instead  of  E.  disjunctus, 
Hall,  1859,  which  was  preoccupied. 

hecale,  Hall,  1876,  is  the  same  species 
described  by  Hall,  1843,  as  E.  dqpres- 
ms,  which  was  preoccupied. 
Eusarcus,  Grote  &  Pitt,  1876,  Buff.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  3.  [Ety.  eusarkos,  fleshy.] 
This  belongs  to  the  family  Eurlpteridx. 

scorpionis,  Grote  &  Pitt,  1876,  Buff.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Waterlime  Gr.  [Sig.  a  scor- 
pion.] 
Favosites  arbuscula,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  De- 
vonian Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

argus,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian  Foss., 
Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 

emmonsi,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

epidermatus  var.  biloculi,  Hall,  1876, 
Illust.  Devonian  Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 
[Sig.  having  a  double  receptacle.] 

epidermatus  var.  corticosus,  Hall,  1876, 
Illust.  Devonian  Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 
[Sig.  covered  with  a  crust.] 

explanatus,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  spread  out.] 

hamiltoniae,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

hemisphericus  var.  distortus,  Hall,  1876, 
Illust.  Devonian  Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 
[Sig.  distorted.] 

hemisphericus  var.  rectus,  Hall,  187  6, 
Illust.  Devonian  Foss.,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 
[Sig.  straight.] 
Graptolithus  subtenuis,  Hall,  1877,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  slender.] 
Proposed  instead  of  G.  tenuis,  Hall, 
which  was  preoccupied. 


Gyroceras  rhombolineare,  Owen,  1862, 
Geo.  Sur.  Indiana.  [Sig.  from  the 
rhomb-like  markings.] 
Halysites  sexto-attenuatus,  Owen,  1862, 
Geo.  Sur.  Indiana,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
having  six  contracted  places.] 
Heliophyllum  arachne,  Hall,  1876,  Illust. 
Devonian  Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  my- 
thological name.] 

confluens,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  confluent, 
running  together.] 

degener,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  degenerated.] 

halli  var.  reflexum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust. 
Devonian  Foss.,   Ham.   Gr.  [Sig. 

reflexed.] 

halli  var.  obconicum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust. 
Devonian  Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  in- 
versely conical.] 

irregulare,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  irregular.] 

proliferum,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devonian 
Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  prolific] 
Lingula  perplexa,  Hall,  1877,  Clinton  Gr. 
[Sig.  perplexing.]  Proposed  instead 
of  L.  elliptica,  Hall,  1843,  which  was 
preoccupied. 
Loxonema  emaceratum,  Hall,  1877,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  thin,  emacerated.] 
Proposed  instead  of  L:  attenuatum, 
Hall,  1859,  which  seems  to  have  been 
preoccupied  by  Stevens,  1858,  under 
the  name  Chemnitzia  attenuata. 

semicostata,  Meek,  is  a  syn.  for  L.  (Chem- 
nitzia) attenuata  of  Stevens. 
Macrocheilus  attenuatum,  Hall,  1877, 
Chazy  Gr.  [Sig.  attenuated.]  Pro- 
posed instead  of  M.  fusiforme,  Hall, 
1858,  which  was  preoccupied. 
Michelinia  dividua,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  Devo- 
nian Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  divisible.] 

stylopora,  Eaton,  1832,  (Astrea  stvlopora) 
Geo.  Text  Book,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  hav- 
ing pointed  cells.] 
Murchisonia  decurta,  Hall,  1877,  Chazy  Gr. 
[Sig.  cut  off.]  Proposed  instead  of 
M.  abbreviata,  Hall,  1847,  which  was 
preoccupied. 

micula,  Hall,  1877,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  a 
little  crumb.]  Proposed  instead  of 
3/.  tarricula,  Hall,  1862,  which  was 
preoccupied. 

milleri,  Hall,  1877,  Trenton  &  Cin'ti  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.]  Proposed  in- 
stead of  M.  bieincta,  Hall,  1S47,  which 
was  preoccupied. 
Ortiioceras  clintoni,  Hall,  1877,  Chazy  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.]  Proposed  instead 
of  0.  subarcuatum,  Hall,  1847,  which 
was  preoccupied. 

desideratum,  Hall,  1877,  Low.  Held.  Gr. 
[Sig.  to  be  desired.]  Proposed  instead 
of  O.  davatum,  Hall,  1859,  which  was 
preoccupied. 


ADDENDA. 


hallanum,  S.  A.  Miller,  1877,  Cin'ti  Gr. 
[Ety .  proper  name.  ]  Proposed  instead 
of  0.  halli,  in  Cin.  Quar.  Jour.  Sci., 
which  was  preoccupied  by  Barrande. 

olorus,  Hall,  1877,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety. 
mythological  name.]  Proposed  instead 
of  0.  vertebrate,  Hall,  1847,  which  was 
preoccupied. 

orus,  Hall,  1877,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  my- 
thological name.]  Proposed  instead 
of  0.  columnare,  Hall,  1860,  which  was 
preoccupied. 

socialis,  Hall,  1877,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
social.]  Proposed  instead  of  0.  gre- 
'garium,  Hall,  1861,  which  was  pre- 
occupied. 

stylus,  Hall,  1877,  Schoharie  grit.     [Sig. 
"  an  upright  pointed  body.]    Proposed 
instead  of  0.  baculwn,  Hall,  1862,  which 
was  preoccupied. 

subcancellatum,  Hall,  1877,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  somewhat  cancellated.]  Pro- 
posed instead  of  0.  caneellatum,  Hall, 
1852,  which  was  preoccupied. 

sublaeve,  D'Orbigny,  1850,  Prodrome  de 
Pal.,  Onondaga  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat 
smooth.]    Proposed  instead  of  0.  Ueve, 
Hall,  1843,  which  was  preoccupied. 
Phillipsia  tennesseensis,    Winchell,    1869, 
Geo.   of  Tenn.,   Low.  Carb.        [Ety. 
proper  name. 
Platyceras  pabulocrinus,  Owen,  1862,  (Pile- 
opsis  pabulocrinus)  Geo.  Sur.  Indiana, 
Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  from  an  erroneous 
idea  that  the  species  subsisted  on  the 
crinoid.] 
Phitystoma  lineatum,   Hall,  is  identical  with 

P.  lineatum  Conrad. 
Plkurotomaria     subglobosa,     Hall,     1877, 
Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  globose.] 
Proposed     instead    of    P.    rotundata, 
Hall,  1858,  which  was  preoccupied. 

nodulma,  Hall,  1847,  is  probably  a  poor 
specimen  of  Trochonema  umbilicata. 


tenuimarginata,  Hall,  1877,  Warsaw  Gr. 
[Sig.  slender-margined.]  Proposed 
instead  of  P.  concava,  Hall,  1858, 
which  was  preoccupied. 

Polyphemopsis  teretiformis,  Hall,  1877,  War- 
saw Gr.  [Sig.  of  a  long  round-shape.] 
Proposed  instead  of  P.  elxmgata,  Hall, 
1858,  which  was  preoccupied. 

Productus  incurvatus,  Shepard,  1838,  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.,  vol.  34,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
from  the  incurved  basal  margin.] 
pectenoideus,  Shepard,  1838,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.,  vol.  34,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  like  a 
shell  of  the  genus  Pecten.] 
semipunctatus,  Shepard,  1858,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.,  vol.  34,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  half- 
punctated.] 

Quenstedtia,  a  genus,  on  page  60,  was  pre- 
occupied in  the  Class  Lamellibran- 
chiata,  by  Morris  &  Lycett,  in  1853. 

Streptelasma  ungula,  Hall,  1876,  Illust. 
Devonian  Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  a 
hoof.] 
profundum,  Hall,  is  probably  identical 
with  S.  (Cyathophyllum)  profundum, 
Conrad. 

Striatopora  limbata,  Eaton,  1832,  (Madre- 
pora  limbata)  Geo.  Text  Book,  Ham. 
Gr.     [Sig.  bordered.] 

Terebratula  argentea,  see  Athyris  argentea. 

Trematopora  spiculata,  Hall,  1877,  Niagara 
Gr.  [Sig.  having  little  points.]  Pro- 
posed instead  of  T.  spinidosa,  Hall, 
1876,  which  was  preoccupied. 

Zaphrentis  ampla,  Hall,  1876,  Illust.  De- 
vonian Foss.,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig.  full, 
large.] 
cannonensis,  Winchell,  1869,  Geo.  Tenn., 

Low.  Carb.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
eccentrica,  Meek,  1871,  Hayden's  Geo. 
Rep.,  Low.  Carb.  [Sig  eccentric, 
from  the  center.] 
halli,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Polyp. 
Foss.  Terr.  Palseoz.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 


COKKIGKENDA. 


In  addition  to  the  facilities  offered  in  the  Preface,  in  the  article  of  Prof.  Claypole, 
and  in  the  Index  of  Genera  for  correcting  specific  names,  the  following  corrections  are 
deemed  worthy  of  notice : 

Read  horny  fracture  for  corny  fracture,  on  page  13. 

Read  opusculum  for  opusculus,  on  page  67. 

Read  pistillum  for  pistillus,  on  page  72. 

Read  rhombiferus  for  rhombiferous,  on  page  85. 

Read  remus  for  remos,  on  page  85. 

Read  varsoviensis  for  varsouviensis,  on  page  86. 

Read  pumilus  for  pumilis,  on  page  87. 

Read  differens  for  differentis,  on  page  104. 


AMERICAN 

PALAEOZOIC   FOSSILS 

A  CATALOGUE 

OF  THE 

GENERA  AND  SPECIES, 


NAMES  OF  AUTHOBS,  DATES,  PLA0E8    OF  PUBLICATION,  GEOUPS  OF  BOOKS  IN  WHICH. 
FOUND    AND  THE  ETYMOLOGY  AND  SIGNIFICATION  OF  THE  WOBDS, 


AN    INTRODUCTION 


DEVOTED  TO  THE  STBATIGEAPHICAL  GEOLOGY  OF  THE  PAL2E0Z0IC  BOCKS. 


SECOND    EDITION— JANUARY,    1883. 


BY    S.    A.    HUCILLEIR,. 


CINCINNATI,    OHIO: 
PUBLISHED  BY  THE   AUTHOE,  No.   8  W.  THIRD  ST. 

I883. 


Entered  according  to  act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1882,  by 

S.  A.  MILLER, 
In  the  Office  of  the  Librarian  of  Congress,  at  Washington. 


PREFACE  TO  THE  SECOND  EDITION. 


The  first  edition  of  this  work  was  published  by  the  author  in  1877.  No 
work  of  the  kind  had  ever  appeared,  and  no  encouragement  for  the  undertaking 
had  been  received.  The  author  had  confidence  in  its  value  to  science,  and 
published  it  himself.  This  condition  of  affairs  is  well  expressed  by  the 
distinguished  Prof.  Leo.  Lesquereux,  in  a  letter  addressed  to  the  author,  while 
the  work  was  in  press,  on  the  28th  of  March,  1877.    He  said: 

"  Your  kind  favor  of  the  25th,  and  the  page  of  prospectus  of  your  cata- 
logue are  received.  You  will  please  allow  me  to  say  freely,  that  when  I  re- 
ceived your  first  letter  advising  me  of  the  preparation  or  publication  of  a 
catalogue  of  the  American  Palaeozoic  Fossils,  I  did  not  think  much  of  a  work 
of  the  kind,  for  the  reason  that  I  knew  by  experience  what  amount  of  time  and 
research  would  be  necessary  for  the  preparation  of  such  a  work  as  the  one  you 
were  about  to  publish,  and  could  not  suppose  that  in  this  country,  where 
science  is  so  generally  considered  under  a  remunerative  point  of  view,  there 
was  a  naturalist  disposed  to  make  the  researches  you  have  so  well  done  for 
mere  love  of  science.  But  after  the  perusal  of  your  first  proof  sheets,  my 
opinion  was  fully  reversed,  and  I  recognized  immediately  the  great  value  of 
your  catalogue,  the  assistance  which  it  will  afford  to  all  the  palaeontologists, 
and  the  accuracy  with  which  you  have  pursued  the  immense  amount  of  re- 
searches necessitated  for  its  preparation.  For  what  concerns  myself  person- 
ally, I  thank  you  sincerely  tor  this  production,  and  I  am  certain  that  every 
palaeontologist  will  do  the  same." 

After  he  had  received  a  copy  of  the  work,  he  again  wrote  as  follows  : 

"  I  am  sincerely  glad  to  have  the  whole  catalogue,  though  I  have  also  good 
use  of  the  separate  copy  of  the  botanical  part,  which,  bound  with  intermixed 
blank  leaves,  serves  me  as  a  very  commodious  referendum,  especially  for  new 
American  species  of  coal  plants.  Your  excellent,  most  useful  catalogue,  in  its 
fullness  receives  a  degres  of  interest  from  the  Introductory  remarks,  those  on 
the  construction  of  systematic  names,  and  the  Geological  introduction.  The 
work  is,  indeed,  one  of  devotion  to  science.  It  may  not  bring  you  pecuniary 
reward,  but  you  will  have  the  satisfaction  to  know  that  it  has  helped  many, 
and  been  of  great  use,  or  will  be  hereafter,  for  the  advancement  of  palaeonto- 
logical  science.  For,  indeed,  it  is  a  true  dictionary,  and  should  be  in  the  hands 
of  every  American  geologist." 

No  testimonials  of  the  value  of  the  work  .were  ever  solicited,  but  they 
came,  nevertheless,  from  all  parts'  of  this  country. and  from  abroad.  Only  a 
few  more  will  be  selected.     Prof.  James.  Hall,  of  New  York,  wrote: 

"  You  have  done  a  valuable  work,  for  which  the  thanks  of  every  describer 


PKEFACE. 

of  fossils  are  due;  indeed,  I  do  not  recall  the  publication  of  a  single  book  within 
the  past  twenty  years  so  necessary  and  useful  to  the  geologist  and  palaeontolo- 
gist." 

Prof.  John  H.  Klippart,  of  Columbus,  Ohio : 

"I  like  the  work  very  much.     It  is  just  such  a  work  as  I  have  long  since 
very  much  needed.     It  will  prove  to  the  student  of  fossils  what  Webster's  un- 
abridged proves  to  the  scholar — that  it  is  simply  indispensable.     There  is  no 
work  to  take  its  place,  or  that  can  be  substituted  for  it." 
Prof.  G.  C.  Broadhead,  of  Missouri  : 

"  I  find  it  a  useful  book  for  a  student  of  palaeontology,  and  it  supplies  a 
necessity  which  experience  has  demanded." 

Prof.  Henry  G.  Hanks,  of  California  : 

"I  am  very  much  pleased  with  the  work.     It  is  just  what  I  want." 

Prof.  R.  H.  Holbrook,  of  New  Jersey  : 

"I  consider  it  a  valuable  work  worth  many  times  the  price." 

Rev.  J.  Allen,  President  Alfred  University,  Pa.  : 

"We  find  your  book  a  very  valuable  production — a  great  aid." 

Prof.  J.  W.  Dawson,  of  Montreal: 

"  I  have  found  the  book  very  useful,  and  hope  you  will  follow  it  up  with 
supplements  as  new  species  are  described." 

Prof.  G.  Lindstrom,  of  Stockholm,  Sweden  : 

"I  bought  your  excellent  catalogue  of  the  North  American  Palaeozoic 
Fossils,  for  use  in  the  Museum,  and  I  dare  say  that  scarcely  a  day  passes  by 
without  my  consulting  it." 

The  notices  this  book  has  received  in  scientific  periodicals  have  been  no  less 
flattering,  as  will  be  observed  in  the  Annals  and  Magazine  of  Natural 
History,  1878,  5th  ser.,  vol.  i.,  p.  99,  and  the  Geological  Magazine  of  London, 
for  October  1877,  p.  472. 

Under  these  circumstances,  I  have  been  induced  to  prepare  a  supplement, 
for  the  unbound  copies  remaining  on  hand,  and  to  publish  it  in  this  form  for 
a  second  edition.  The  supplement  contains  the  genera  and  species  de- 
scribed since  1877,  those  that  were  overlooked  in  the  first  edition,  corrected 
references  of  species  to  genera,  corrections  of  the  more  serious  mistakes  and 
typographical  errors,  and  a  new  index  of  the  genera.  The  Vegetable  Kingdom 
is  arranged  in  orders  and  classes,  the  Class  Echinodermata  is  re-subdivided, 
some  new  orders  and  new  families  are  briefly  defined,  and  a  few  specific  names 
have  been  proposed  by  the  author  for  those  preoccupied,  which  constitute  the 
new  features  of  the  supplement.  In  addition  to  the  corrections,  the  fossils 
described  in  the  23d  and  24th  Reports  of  the  Reg.  of  the  Univ.  of  N.  Y.,  on  the 
condition  of  the  St.  Cab.  of  Nat.  Hist.,  should  be  accredited  to  Hall  and 
Whitfield,  instead  of  to  Hall  alone,  and  the  Cincinnati  Group  should,  in  all 
Cases,  be  stricken  out,  and,  in  nearly  every  instance,  the  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  inserted, 
a  few  species  only  being  referable  to  the  Trenton  and  Utica  Slate. 

S.  A.  MILLER. 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  December,  1882. 


SUPPLEMENT. 


VEGETABLE  KINGDOM. 


In  the  first  edition  of  this  work,  no  attempt  was  made  to  arrange  the  fossils  of  the 
vegetable  kingdom,  represented  in  the  palaeozoic  rocks,  into  classes,  orders,  or  families, 
for  reasons  then  expressed;  since  that  time,  however,  the  work  of  Leo  Lesquereux  on 
the  coal  flora  of  Pennsylvania  has  rendered  possible  a  classification  which  will  be  of 
some  utility,  though  only  approximately  correct. 

CELLULAR  CRYPTOGAMOUS  PLANTS. 

CLASS   FUXGL— Rhizomorpha. 

CLASS  THALASSOPHYTES  —  Arthraria,  Arthrophycus,  Asterophycus,  Blastophy- 
cus,  Buthotrephis,  Calamophycus,  Chondrites,  Conostichus,  Cruziana,  Dactylb- 
phycus,  Diseophycus,  Dystactophycus,  Eophyton,  Heliophycus,  Hippodophycus, 
Iehnophyeus,  Licrophyeus,  Palaeochorda,  Pabeophycus,  Phytopsis,  Protostigma, 
Rusophycus,  Sphenothallus,  Taonurus,  Trichophyeus. 

VASCULAR  CRYPTOGAMOUS  PLANTS. 

CLASS  EQUISETACE^E. — Anarthrocanna,    Annularia,   Arthrostigma,   Asterophyl- 

lites,  Beehera,  Bornia,  Calamites,  Calamodendron,  Calamocladus,  Calainostachys, 

Equisetitt's.  Macrostachya,  Nematophvllum,  Solenoula,  Sphenophyllum. 
CLASS   FILICACE^E  (ferns). 
ORDER  NEUROPTERIDS.  —  Danaeites,   Dictyopteris,   Idiophyllum,   Lesleya,   Lon- 

chopteris,  Megalopteris,  Neriopteris,  Neuropteris,  Odontopteris,  Orthogoniopteris, 

Tseniopteris. 
ORDER  ALETHOPTERIDS.  — Alethopteris,   Callipteris,   Callipteridium,  Lescurop- 

teris,  Protobleehnum. 
ORDER  PSEUDOPECOPTERIDS.— Pseudopecopteris. 
ORDER   PECOPTERIDS.— Asterocarpus,  Cymoglossa,  Goniopteris,  Oligocarpia,  Pe- 

copteris. 
ORDER   SPIIENOPTERIDS.— Asplenites,  Eremopteris,  Sphenopteris. 
ORDER   ADIANTITES. — Aneimites,  Arclueopteris,  Cyclopteris,  Triphyllopteris. 
PERNS   OF   UNCERTAIN  AFFINITY.— Crematopteris,  Hymenophyllites,  Pachyp- 

teris,  Rhacophvlhun. 
BACHIS   OF    FERN^S.— Rhaehiopteris. 
RHIZOMAS   OF   FERNS.— Rhizomopteris,  Stigmarioides. 
SEPARATE   FRUCTIFICATIONS   OF   FERNS.— Sorocladus. 
STEMS   OR   TRUNKS  OF  FERNS.— Caulopteris,  Megaphytum,  Psaronius,  Stemma- 

topteris. 
CLASS   LYCOPODIACE.E.— Arthrostigma,    Cyclostigma,    Dechenia,   Diplostegium, 

Glyptodendron,  Halonia,  Knorria,  Lepidocystis,  Lepidodendron,  Lepidophloios, 

Lepidophyllum,      Lepidostrobus,     Leptophloeum,     Lycopodites,      Psilophyton, 

Polyporites,  Sporocvstis,  Sternbergia,  telodendron. 
ORDER  T^ENIOPHYLLE^.— Taiiiophvllum. 
ORDER  SIGILLARUE.— Didymophyllum,  Pinnularia,  Rhizolithes,  Sigillaria,  Sigil- 

larioides,  Sthrmaria,  Syringodendron, 
ORDER   NOEGGE  R  ATII I M .— Nu'ggerathia,  Whittleseya. 
(LASS  CORDAITEJE. — Antholithes,  Cardiooarpon,  Carpolithes,  Cordaianthus,  Cordai- 

earpue,  Cordaites,  Cordaistrobus,  Desmiophyllum,  Dicranophyllum,  Guilielmites. 

Lepidoxylon,  Rhabdocarpus,  Trigonocarpum. 
(ONIFER^E    (?) — Araucarites,  Baiera,  Dadoxylon,  Nematoxylon,  Ormoxylon,  Proto- 

taxites,  Saportaea,  Svringoxvlon,  Walchia. 
PLANTS    OF    UNCERTAIN     AFFINITY.  —  Aranthophyton,   Asteropteris,   Cellu- 

loxylon,  Palseoxyrirf,  Spirangium,  Sporangites. 


248 


VEGETABLE   KINGDOM. 


Alethopteris  acuta  is  Pecopteris  acuta, 
ambigua,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  uncertain.] 
aquilina  was  first  called  Filicites  aquilinus 

by  Schlotheim  in  his  Flor.  d.  Vorw. 
crenulata,  as  identified  by  Lesquereux,  in 

the  Geo.  Sur.,  111.,  vol.  2,  is  now  de- 
'  scribed    as     Pseudopecopteris     sub- 

crenulata. 
cristata  is  Pecopteris  cristata. 
distans  is  a  variety  of  A.  lonchitica. 
emarginata  is,  Pecopteris  emarginata. 
erosa  is  Pecopteris  erosa. 
gibsoni,  Lesquereux,  1S80,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
halli  is  Pecopteris  halli. 
helense,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Floi*a  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
holdeni  is  Protoblechnum  holdeni. 
hymenophylloides      is     Pseudopecopteris 

hy  menophy  lloide  s . 
inflata  is  Callipteridium  inflatum. 
lanceolata  is  Pecopteris  lanceolata. 
lonchitica  instead  of  A.  lonchitidis. 
longifolia  is  Pecopteris  longifolia. 
•  macrophylla  is  Danseites  macrophyllus. 
massillonis  is  Callipteridium  massillon- 

eum. 
mazonana  is  Pseudopecopteris  mazonana. 
muricata  is  Pseudopecopteris  muricata. 
nervosa  is  Pseudopecopteris  nervosa. 
obscura,  syn.  for  Callipteridium  rugosum. 
oweni  is  Callipteridium  oweni. 
pluckeneti   is    Pseudopecopteris    pluck- 

eneti. 
pteroides  is  Pecopteris  pteroides. 
rugosa  is  Callipteridium  rugosum. 
serrula  is  Pecopteris  serrula. 
solida  is  Pecopteris  solida. 
stellata  is  Pecopteris  stellata. 
tceniopteroides   is    Pecopteris  tseniopter- 

oides. 
virginiana,   Fontaine  and  White,   1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Annularia  was  described  by  Sternberg,  in 

1820,  Essai  d'un  expose  Geognostico- 

botanique    de    la    flore    du     monde 

primitif,  2d  cahier. 
acuminata  is  Sporangites  acuminatus. 
dawsoni  is  Asterophyllites  dawsoni. 
emersoni,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of    Pa.,    Coal    Meas.     [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
romingeri,    Lesquereux,     1877,    Trans. 

Am.  Phil.  Soc.,Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Antholithes  priscus  was  described  in  1873, 

in  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  1. 
Aphlebia    adnascens,     see    Rhacophyllum 

adnascens. 
flabellata,  see  Rhacophyllum  flabellatum. 
irregularis,  see  Rhacophyllum  irregulare. 
Arch^eopteris  bockschiana,    Lesquereux, 

1858  (Nceggerathia  bockschiana),  Geo. 

of  Penn.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 
.    proper  name.] 
gaspensis,   Dawson,  1881,  Can.  Nat.  & 


Geo.,     vol.     10,     Devonian.       [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
Arch^eopteris  hallana  instead  of  Cyclop- 
teris  hallana. 

hybernica,  Forbes,  1852  (Cyclopteris 
hybernica),  Proc.  Brit.  Assoc, 
Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

jacksoni  instead  of  Cyclopteris  jacksoni. 

minor  instead  of  Nceggerathia  minor. 

obliqua  instead  of  Noeggerathia  obliqua. 

rogersi  instead  of  Cyclopteris  rogersi. 
Aristophycus,   Miller  &   Dyer,  1878,   Cont. 
to    Pal.,     No.     2.        [Ety.     aristos, 
excellent;  phukos,  a  sea  plant.]  Prob- 
ably inorganic. 

ramosum,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Cont.  to 
Pal.,  No.  2,  Hud.  Puv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
branchy.]    Probably  inorganic. 

ramosum  var.  germanum,  Miller  &  Dver, 
1878,  Cont.  to  Pal.,  No.  2,  Hud.  Riv. 
Gr.  [Sig.  near  of  kin.]  Probably 
inorganic. 
Asolanus,  Wood,  1860,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  This  genus  is  not  recognized  by 
botanists,  and  is  generally  regarded  as 
a  synonym  for  Sigillaria.  A.  campto- 
tcenia,  is  classed  by  Lesquereux  as  a 
synonym  for  Sigillaria  monostigma, 
and  the  other  two  names  mentioned 
by  Wood,  A.  manephleeus,  and  A. 
ornithicnoides,  are  referred  to  Sigill- 
aria. 
Asterophycus  simplex,  Lesquereux,  1880, 
Coal  Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
simple.] 
Asterophyllites  anthracinus,  Heer,  1877, 
Fl.  Foss.  Helv.,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  coal  black.] 

aperta,  syn.  for  Macrostachya  infundibu- 
liformis. 

equisetiformis  was  called  by  Schlotheim, 
Casnarinites  equisetiformis,  in  1804. 

fasciculatus,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal 
Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
bundled.] 

lanceolatus  syn.  for  A.  foliosus. 

latifolius  should  be  restored. 

longifolius  was  called  Bruckmannia 
longifolia,  by  Sternberg,  in  Tent, 
flor.  prim. 

radiatus,  Brongniart,  1822,  Class,  d.  Veg. 
Foss.   Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  rayed.] 

rigidus  was  called  Bruckmannia  rigida, 
by  Sternberg,  in  Tent.  flor.  prim. 
Asteropteris,  Dawson,  1881,  Lond.  Quar. 
Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol.  37.    [Ety.  aster, 
a  star ;  pteris,  a  fern.] 

novoboracensis,  Dawson,  1881,  Lond. 
Quar.  Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol.  37,  Port- 
age Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name] 
Baiera,  Fr.  Braun,  1840,  Die  Petrefakten 
d.  Naturalien  Samml.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

virginiana,   Fontaine  and  White,   1880, 
Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 
or  Permian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Bergeria      rhombica,      see      Lepidodendron 
rhombicum. 


VEGETABLE   KINGDOM. 


Blastophycus,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Jour. 
Cin.   Soc.  Nat.   Hist.,   vol.  1.     [Ety. 
t>last08,  a  bud;  pJmkos,  a  sea  weed.] 
diadematum,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Jour. 
Cin.    Soc.   Nat.   Hist.,   vol.   1,  Utiea 
Slate  Gr.     [Sig.  diademed.] 
Bokxia,    F.    A.   Roemer,   1854,   Palseonto- 
graphica,  vol.  3.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
radiata,  Brongniart,  1828  (Catamites  ra- 
diatus),  Hist.  d.  Veg.  Foss.,  Sub-car- 
boniferous.    [Sig.  radiated.] 
Brachyphyllum     obtuaum     is     Lepidocystis 

obtusus. 
Bruckmannia    longifolia,    see     Asterophyl- 
lites  longifolius. 
rigida,  see  Asteropbyllites  rigidus. 
Buthotrephis      asteroides,      Fitch,     1849, 
Trans.  Ag.  Soc,  Quebec  Gr.     [Sig. 
star  like.] 
rigida,  Emmons,  1844  (Fucoides  rigidus) 
Taconic    Syst.,    Quebec    Gr.     [Sig. 
rigid.] 
Calamites  ari'naceus  is  a  Triassic  species. 
decoratu8  may  be  erased, 
dubius,  was  published  in  1825. 
major,  Weiss,  1872,  Fossil  Flora  d.  jung- 
sten     steinkohlen     formation,     Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.  large.] 
radiatus,  see  Bornia  radiata. 
ramifer,    Stur,    1875,    Culm.    Flora    d. 
Mahriseh-SehlesischenDachsehiefers, 
Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  bearing  brandies.] 
ramosus,  was  published  in  1825. 
sulcatvs  may  be  erased, 
transitionisis  Goeppert's  species,  as  iden- 
tified by  Dawson, 
undulatus  was  described  by  Brongniart 
in  1828,  in  Hist.  d.  Yeg.  Fobs.,  vol.  1. 
Calamodexdrox  is  Brongniart's  Genus. 
Calamophycus,    Lesquereux,    1877,   Proc. 
Am.  Phil.  Soc.  [Ety.  calamus,  a  reed; 
phukos,  a  sea  plant.] 
septus,   Lesquereux,    1877,    Proc.    Am. 
Phil.  Soc,  Devon.     [Sig.  enveloped.] 
Calamostachys,  Schimper,  1869,  Traite  de 
Paleontologie  Vege tale,  vol.  1,  p.  328. 
•  [Ety.  Calamus,  a  reed;  Stachys,  a  plant]. 
prselongus,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 
of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  very  long.] 
Callipteridium,  Weiss,  1872,  Foss.  Flora 
d.    jungsten   steinkohlen    formation. 
[Ety.  from  the  genus  (.'alh'i>t<'ris.] 
aldrichi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 
Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name] 
dawsonanum,  Fontaine  &  White,   1880, 
Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 
or  Permian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
grandifolium,  Fontaine  &  White,   1880, 
Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 
or  Permian.     [Sig.  large  leaved.] 
intlatum,  Lesquereux,  1870  (Alethopteris 
inflate),  Geo.   Sur.   111.,   vol.  4.  Coal 
Mens.     [Sig.  inflated.] 
ina-quale,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  unequal.] 
mansfieldi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 
of    Pa.,    Coal   Meas.     [Ety.    proper 
name] 


Callipteridium   massilloneum  instead    of 
Alethopteris  massillonis. 
membranaceum,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal 
Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  mem- 
branaceous], 
neuropteroides,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal 
Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  like 
Neuropteris.] 
oblongifolium,  Fontaine  &  White,  Perm, 
or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,   Coal  Meas.  or 
Perm.     [Sig.  oblong  leaved.] 
odontopteroides,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880, 
Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 
or  Perm.     [Sig.  like  Odontoptcris.] 
oweni  instead  of  Alethopteris  oweni. 
pardeei,  Lesquereux,   1880,   Coal  Flora 
of    Pa.,    Coal    Meas.     [Ety.    proper 
name.] 
rugosum    instead    of   Alethopteris    ru- 

gosa. 
sullivanti    instead    of   Callipteris    Sulli- 
van ti. 
unitum,  Fontaine  &  White, 1880,  Perm, 
or  Up.   Carb.   Flora,    Coal  Meas.  or 
Permian.     [Sig.  united.] 
Callipteris  conferta,    Sternberg    (Sphen- 
opteris  conferta),   Tent.   fior.  prim., 
Coal  Meas.  or  Permian.     [Sig.  close 
together.] 
pilosa  instead  of  Sphenopteris  pilosa. 
Cardiocarpon  annulatum,   C.  elongatum, 
C.   latum,   C.   minus,   C.  orbiculare, 
and  C.  samaraeforme,  were  described 
in  1873,  in  Ohio  Pal.,  vol.  1. 
apieulatum,   Goeppert  &   Berger,  1848, 
De    fructibus     et    seminibus,     Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.    having  a  pointed  ter- 
mination.] 
bicornutum  instead  of  Pilocarpus  bicor- 

nutus. 
congruens,  Grand'Eury,  1877,  Flore  Car- 
bonifere,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  running 
together.] 
diminutivum,    Lesquereux,    1880,    Coal 
Flora    of   Pa.,    Coal     Meas.      [Sig, 
diminutive.] 
fasciculatum,    Lesquereux,    1880,     Coal 
Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  bundled.] 
late-alatum,    Lesquereux,      1880,     Coal 
Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  broad 
winged.] 
mamillatum    instead    of   Rhabdoearpus 

maniillatus. 
marginatum  was  described  in  1825. 
ovatum,  Grand'Eury,  1877,   Flore  Car- 

bonifere,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ovate.] 

pachytesta,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     f  Sig.  having  thick 

testa.] 

regulare,   Sternberg,   1821-38,    Flor.    d. 

Vorwelt.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  regular.] 

simplex,  Lesquereux,  1880,   Coal   Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  simple] 
zonulatum,  Lesquereux.  1880,  Coal  Flora 
of  Pa..  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  small  girded.] 
Cardiopteris,  Schimper,  1809,  Traite  de 
Paleontologie  Vegetale,  vol.  1.  p.  451. 
[Ety.  Jcardia,  heart;  pteris,  a  fern.] 


250 


VEGETABLE  KINGDOM. 


Cardiopteris  eriana,  Dawson,  1881,  Quar. 
Jour.    Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  37,  De- 
vonian. [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Carpolithes  acuminatus,  Sternberg,  1821- 

38,  Flor  d.  Vorw.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

pointed.] 
bicarpus,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,  Perm. 

or   Up.   Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas.  or 

Permian.  [Sig.  two  fruited.] 
bullatus  is  Lepidocystis  bullatus. 
disjunctus  is  a  syn.  for  Trigonacarpon 

dawesi. 
jacksonensis  is  Rhabdocarpus  jacksonen- 

sis. 
limatus,  read  C.  lunatus. 
marginatus,    Fontaine    &    White,    1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.     [Sig.  margined.    This 

name  was  preoccupied  by  Artis  in 

1825. 
vesicularis  is  Lepidocystis  vesicularis. 
Casuarinites     equisetiformis      is     Astero- 

phyllites  equisetiformis. 
Caulerpites  was  described  by  3rongniart  in 

1828,  Prodr.  d.  Hist.  d.  Veg.  Foss. 
marginatus  is  Taonurus  marginatus. 
Caulopteris  acanthophora  is,  probably,  Ulo- 

dendron  punctatum. 
elliptica,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,  Perm. 

or  Up.  Carb.  Flora.   Coal  Meas.  or 

Perm.     [Sig.  elliptical.] 
giffordi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gigantea,  Lesquereux,  is  Stemmatopteris 

gigantea. 
gigantea,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,  Perm. 

or  Up.    Carb.  Flora,   Coal  Meas.  or 

Permian.     [Sig.  large.] 
insignia  is  Stemmatopteris  insignis. 
lacoei,    Lesquereux,    1880,    Coal    Flora 

of    Pa.,    Coal   Meas.     [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
mansfieldi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of   Pa.,    Coal    Meas.     [Ety.    proper 

name.  J 
punctata  is  Stemmatopteris  punctata. 
wortheni  is  Stemmatopteris  wortheni. 
Celluloxylon,  Dawson,  1881;  Lond.  Quar. 

Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol.  37.     [Ety.  cell- 

ula,  a  small  apartment;  xylon,  wood.] 
primaevum,  Dawson,  1880,  Lond.  Quar. 

Jour.   Geo.  Soc,  vol.  37,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  in  the  first  period  of  life] 
Chloepthycus,    Miller    &   Dyer,   1878,   Cont. 

to  Pal.   No.   2.      [Ety.   chlce,  young 

grass ;   phukos,  a  sea  plant.]     This 

is  probably  inorganic. 
plumosum,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Cont.  to 

Pal.,   No.   2,   Hud.   Eiv.   Gr.      [Sig. 

feathered.]      This  is  probably  inor- 
ganic. 
Chondrites  colletti  is  Taonurus  colletti. 
CoNOSTiCHUSbroadheadi,  Lesquereux,  1880, 

Coal  Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
prolifer,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig.   bearing  off- 
spring.] 


Cordaianthx's,   Grand'Eury,   1877,    Flore 

Carbonifere.  [Ety.  Cordaites,  a  genus ; 

anthos,  a  flower.] 
dichotomus,     Lesquereux,     1880,     Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  di- 
vided.] 
ovatus,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ovate] 
simplex,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal   Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  simple.] 
Cordaicarpus,   Grand'Eury,    1877,    Flore 

Carbonifere.  [Ety.  Cordaites,  a  genus; 

karpos,  fruit.] 
apiculatus,  Lesquereux,  18S0,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  pointed.] 
costatus,  see  Cordaites  costatus. 
gutbieri,  Grand'Eury,  1877,  Flore  Car- 
bonifere,  Coal    Meas.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
ovatus,  Grand'Eury,  1877,    Flore    Car- 
bonifere, Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ovate.] 
Cordaistrobus,    Lesquereux,    1880,    Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.  [Ety.  Cordaites,  a  genus; 

strobus,  a  cone.] 
grandeuryi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  prop,  name.] 
Cordaites    communis,    Lesquereux,   1878, 

Proc   Am.   Phil.   Soc,    Coal    Meas. 

[Sig.  common.] 
costatus,  Lesquereux,  1879,  Proc.  Am. 

Phil.  Soc,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  costate.] 
crassinervis,    Fontaine  &   White,   1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Mens. 

or  Permian.     [Sig.  thick  nerved.] 
crassus,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  thick.] 
diversifolius,    Lesquereux,    1880,    Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,   Coal  Meas.    [Sig.   di- 
verse leaved.]  Proposed  instead  of  L. 

angustifolius,  Lesquereux. 
gracilis,  Lesquereux,   1878,   Proc.   Am. 

Phil.  Soc,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  slender.] 
grandifolius,   Lesquereux,    1878,    Proc. 

Am.    Phil.   Soc,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

grand  leaved.] 
lacoei,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lingulatus,     Grand'Eury,     1877,    Flore 

Carbonifere,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  tongue 

shaped.] 
mansfieldi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  I'a.,     Coal    Meas.     [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
radiatus,   Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  radiated.] 
serpens,       Lesquereux,       1878,      Proc 

Am.   Phil.   Soc,   Coal   Meas.      [Sig. 

creeping.] 
validus,  Lesquereux,  1878,  Proc.  Am. 

Phil.  Soc,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  strong.] 
Cyclopteris  alleghaniensis,  syn.  for  Arch- 

seopteris  rogersi. 
browni  is  Rhacophyllum  browni. 
elongata,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  elongated.] 
germari  is  Neuropteris  germari. 
hallana  is  Arehreopteris  hallana. 
jacksoni  is  Arehax>pteris  jacksoni. 


VEGETABLE   KINGDOM. 


251 


Cyclopteris  laciniata  is  Neuropteris  laci- 

niata. 
lescuriana  is  Triphyllopteris  leseuriana. 
probleinatica,       Dawson,      1871,     Foss. 
Plants,    Dev.    &    Up.  811.,      Middle 

Devonian.     [Sig.  problematical.] 
rogersi  is  Archa?opteris  rogersi. 
trichomanoides  is  Neuropteris  triehoman- 

oides. 
oirginiana  is  Pseudopeeopteris  vii'giniana. 
Ctclostigma   aftine,   Dawson,  1881,  Quar. 

Jour.  Geo.  Soc.,  Lond.,  vol.  37,  De- 
vonian.    [Sig.  near  to.] 
kiltorkense,    Haughton,   1860,    Ann.    & 

Mae.  Nat.  Hist.,  3d  ser.,  vol.  5,  Sub- 
carboniferous.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
<  ymoglossa,    Sehimper,    1869,    Traite    de 

Paleontologie  Vegetale,  vol.  l,p.  553. 

[Ety.  kumo,  wavy:  glossa,  a  tongue.] 
breviloba,     Fontaine    &     White,     1880, 

Perm.    &    Up.     Garb.     Flora,     Coal 

Meas.  or  Permian.    [Sig.  short  lobed.] 
formosa,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,  Perm. 

&   Up.   Carb.   Flora,    Coal   Meas.  or 

Permian.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
lobata,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,  Perm. 

A:    Up.   Carb.   Flora,   Coal  Meas.  or 

Permian.     [Sig.  lobed.] 
•   obtusifolia,    Fontaine    &    White,    1880, 

Perm.  &  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.     [Sig.  obtuse  leaved.] 
Dactylophycus,    Miller    &    Dyer,     1878, 

Cont.  to  Pal.,  No.  2.     [Ety.  dactylos, 

a  finger;  phukos,  a  sea  plant.] 
quadripartitum,   Miller  &  Dyer,    1878, 

Cont.  to  Pal.,  Xo.  2,  Utica  Slate  Gr. 

[Sig.  four  parted.] 
tridigitatuiu,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Cont. 

to  Pal.,  No.  2,  Utica  Slate  Gr.     [Sig. 

three  fingered.] 
Dax.eites     emersoni,     Lesquereux,     1880, 

Coal  Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
macrophyllus     instead    of   Alethopteris 

macrophylla. 
Deciiexia,  Goeppert,  1841-48,  Die  Gattun- 

gen     der    fossilen    Pflanzen.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
striata,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig  striated.] 
Obsmiophtllvu,    Lesquereux,   1880,   Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.     [Etv.  desmos,  a  band; 

phylUm,  a  leaf.] 
gracile,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  slender.] 
Dicraxophyliam,       Grand'Eury,       1877, 

Flore  Carbonifere.       [Ety.   dikranOs, 

two  pointed;  phyllon,  a  leaf.] 
dichotomum,     Lesquereux,     1880,   Coal 

Flora  of  Pa., Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  divided.] 
dimorphum,    Lesquereux,    1878,     Proc. 

Am.   Phil.  Soc,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

double  formed.  ] 
Dtctyophyton   is    not    a    plant.     It    is    sup- 
posed to  be  a  sponge. 
Didymophyeixm  oweni,  Lesquereux,  1880, 

Coal  Flora  of  Pa..  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name. J 


Discophycus,   Walcott,   1879,  Trans.  Alb. 

Inst.,  vol.  10.     [Ety.  diskos,  a  disk; 

phukos,  a  sea  weed.] 
typieale,  Walcott,  1879,  Trans.  Alb.  Inst. 

vol.  10,  Utica  Slate.     [Sig.  the  type.] 
Dystactophycus,     Miller  &   Dyer,    1878, 

Cont.  to  Pal.,  No.  2.     [Ety.  dystaktos, 

hard  to  arrimge;  phukos,  a  sea  plant.] 
mamillanum,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Cont. 

to  Pal.,  No.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig. 

protuberant.] 
Equisetites     macrodontus,     Wood,     1860, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.   Not 

satisfactorily  defined, 
wrightanus,  Dawson,  1880,  Lond.  Geo. 

Mag.,   n.   s.   vol.   7,   Up.  Devonian. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Eremopteris  crenulata,  Lesquereux,  1876, 

Geo.  Rep.  of  Ala.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

erenulated.] 
dissecta,  Lesquereux,  1876,  Geo.  Rep.  of 

Ala.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  cut  up.] 
elegans,  Ettingshausen,  1852  (Asplenites 

elegans),  Die   Steinkohlen    flora,   v. 

Stradonitz  in   Bohmen,   Coal    Meas. 

[Sig.  elegant.] 
flexuosa,   Lesquereux,   1876,  Geo.  Rep. 

of  Ala.,  Coal  Meas.     rSig.  flexuous.] 
microphylla,    Lesquereux,     1880,     Coal 

Flora    of   Pa.,    Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

small  leaved.] 
missouriensis,    Lesquereux,   1880,  Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Ficoidltes  scabrosus,    Hildreth,    1837,    Am. 

Jour.    Sci.   &   Arts,   vol.   31,  Lower 

Coal  Meas.     Not  recognized. 
Filicites    arborescens,    see    Pecopteris     ar- 

borescens. 
miltoni,  see  Pecopteris  miltoni. 
plumosus,  see  Pecopteris  plumosa. 
Glyptodexdron,  Claypole,  1878,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.   &  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  15,     [Ety. 

glyptos,  sculptured;  dendron,  a  tree.] 
eatonense,    Claypole,   1878,   Am.   Jour. 

Sci.  &  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  15,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Ghniopterte     newberryana,     see    Pecopteris 

newberryana. 
oblonga,  see  Pecopteris  oblonga. 
Guilielmites,  Geinitz,   1858,   Leitpflanzen 

d.  Rothleig.  u.  d.  Zechstein ;  Sachsen. 

[Ety.  from  the  genus  GulMma.] 
orbicularis,    Fontaine    &    White,  1880, 

Perm.    &    Up.    Carb.     Flora,     Coal 

Meas.  or  Permian.     [Sig.  orbicular.] 
Haloxia  flexuosa,  Goldenburg,  1855  (Ulo- 

dendron  flexuosum),    Flora    Sarrae- 

pontana    fossilis,    Coal    Meas.    [Sig. 
flexuous.] 
mansfieldi,      Lesquereux,      1880,     Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
secreta,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    {Sig.  concealed.] 
tortuosa,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1835,  Foss. 

Flora,    vol.    2,    p.    11,    Coal   Meas. 

[Sig.  tortuous.] 


252 


VEGETABLE   KINGDOM. 


Heliophycus,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Cont 

to  Pal.,  No.  2.     [Ety.  helios,  the  sun; 

phukos,  a  sea  plant.] 
stelliforme,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Cont. 

to  Pal.,  No.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig. 

star  shaped.] 
Hymenophyllites  adnascens,  refer  to  Rha- 

cophyllum  adnascens. 
arborescens,   refer  to  Rhacophyllum  ar- 

borescens. 
ballantini,  refer  to  Sphenopteris  ballan- 

tini. 
clarki,  refer  to  Rhacophyllum  clarki. 
fiexicaulis,  refer  to    Sphenopteris   fiexi- 

caulis. 
furcatus,  refer  to  Sphenopteris  furcata. 
hildrethi,  refer  to  Sphenopteris  hildrethi. 
inflatus,  see  Rhacophyllum  inflatum. 
lactuca,  see  Rhacophyllum  lactuca. 
mollis,  see  Rhacophyllum  mollis. 
spinosus,  refer  to  Sphenopteris  spinosa. 
strongi,  see  Rhacophyllum  strongi. 
thalliformis,    see   Rhacophyllum   thalli- 

forme. 
trichomanoides,     refer     to    Sphenopteris 

trichomanoides. 
tridactylites,   refer  to  Sphenopteris  tri- 

dactylites. 
Idiophyixum,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.     [Ety.  idios,  peculiar;  phyllon, 

a  leaf.] 
rotundifolium,    Lesquereux,   1880,   Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  round 

leaved.  ] 
Lepidocystis,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.     [Ety.  lepis,  a  scale;  kustis,  a 

bladder.] 
angularis,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  angular.] 
bullatus  instead  of  Carpolithes  bullatus. 
fraxiniformis,  Goeppert  &  Berger,  1848 

(Carpolithes  fraxiniformis),  De  fruct. 

et  sem.,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  like  Frax- 

inus.J 
lineatus,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  lined.] 
obtusus  instead  of  Brachyphyllum  ob- 

tusum. 
pectinatus,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Fa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  pectinated.] 
quadrangularis,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  quad- 
rangular.] 
vesicularis  instead  of  Carpolithes   ves- 

icularis. 
Lepidodendron  was  described  by  Stern- 
berg in' 1820,  in   Essai  d'un  expose 

Geognostico-botanique  de  la  flore  du 

monde  primitif,  1st  Cahier.     Also  L. 

aeuleatum,  L.  crenatum,  L.  dichoto- 

mum,  L.  obovatum,  L.  rimosum,  L. 

selaginoides  and  L.  undulatum. 
andrewsi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,   Coal    Meas.       [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
alveolare,  see  Sigillaria  alveolaris. 
brittsi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name 


Lepidodexdeon    chilallce.um,   syn.    for    L. 

distans. 
cuspidatum,    Lesquereux,    1880,    Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  point- 
ed.] 
cyclostigma,     Lesquereux,     1880,     Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  round 

dotted.] 
drepanaspis,  Wood,   1860,   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.   Sci.,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig.  sickle 

shield.] 
dubium,  syn.  for  L.  rimosum. 
elegans,  was  Lycopodiolithes  elegans  of 

Sternberg  in  Tent.  Flor.  Prim, 
icthyolepis,  Wood,  1S60,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  fish  scale.] 
inyens,  syn.  for  L.  aeuleatum. 
lanceolatum,     Lesquereux,     1880,    Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  lan- 

ceolated.] 
latifolium,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  wide  leaved.] 
lesquereuxi,  Wood,  syn.  forL.  aeuleatum. 
longifolium,    Brongniart,    1828,    Prodr. 

Hist.   Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

long  leaved.] 
*  magnum,  Wood,  1860,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  large.] 
mammillatum  syn.  for  L.  veltheimanum. 
mekiston  syn.  for  L.  modulatum. 
oculatum  syn.  for  L.  distans. 
oweni  syn.  for  L.  vestitum. 
politum  syn.  for  L.  modulatum. 
quadrangulatum,     Schlotheim,    1821-23, 

Petrefactenkunde,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

quadrangular.] 
quadrilaterale,    Lesquereux,   1880,   Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  quad- 
rilateral.] 
rhombicum,       Presl.,     1833      (Bergeria 

rhombica),   in    Sternberg,     Flor.    d. 

Vorw.,    vol.    2,    Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

rhombic] 
rugosum  syn.  for  L.  dichotomum. 
scutatum,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of   Pa.,    Coal    Meas.     [Sig.    bearing 

shields.] 
squamiferum,   Lesquereux,    1880,    Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  scale 

bearing.] 
tetragonum,  Sternberg,  1821,  Essai  d'un 

expose  Geognostico-botanique  de  la 

flore    du  monde  primitif,   2   Cahier, 

Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  quadrangular.] 
venustum,  syn.  for  L.  obtusum. 
Lepidophloios  ichthyoderma,  Lesquereux, 

1880,  Coal  Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  fish  skinned.] 
ichthyolepis ,  see  Lepidodendron  iehthyo- 

lepis. 
sigillarioides,    Lesquereux,    1880,    Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like 

Sigillaria.] 
Lepidophyllum  foliaceum  is  Lepidostrobus 

foliaceus. 
lanceolatum  is  Lepidostrobus    lanceola- 

tus,    and    is     Brongniart's      species 

1828,  in  Prodr.  d.  Hist.  Veg.  Foss. 


VEGETABLE  KINGDOM. 


253 


Lepipophyllum  linearifolium,  Lesquereux, 

1880,   Coal  Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  having  lined  leaves.] 
mansneldi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of   Pa.,    Coal    Meas.     [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
morrisannra,     Lesquereux,     1880,    Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
trinerve  is  Brongniart's  species,  1828,  in 

Prodr.  d.  Hist.  d.  Veg.  Foss. 
Lepidostrobvs       aldrichi,       Lesquereux, 

1880,  Coal   Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
foliacvus  instead  of  Lepidophyllum  foli- 

aceum. 
goldenbergi,   Schimper,   1872,  Traite  de 

Pakeontologie  Vegetale,  vol.  2,  p.  61. 

Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name . ] 
hastifulius  should  be    L.  hastatus.     The 

mistake  is  in  Geo.  Sur.,  111.,  vdl.  2, 

p.  45G. 
ineertus,  Lesquereux,   1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  uncertain.] 
lacoei,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety  proper  name.] 
lanceolatus    instead    of   Lepidophyllum 

lanceolatum. 
mansneldi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of   Pa.,    Coal    Meas.     [Ety.     proper 

name.] 
mirabilis,   Newberry,   1873    (Polysporia 

mirabilis),  Ohio  Pal.,   vol.  1,  Lower 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  extraordinary.] 
praelongus,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  very  long.] 
quadratus,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  quadrate.] 
salisburyi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of   Pa.,    Coal    Meas.     [Ety.     proper 

name.] 
spectabilis,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,    Coal    Meas.     [Sig.    remark- 
able.] 
Stachyoides,    Wood,   1860,   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like  the 

plant  St  achy  s.] 
Lepidoxylox,      Lesquereux,     1880,     Coal 

Flora    of   Pa.     [Ety.  lepis,   a  scale; 

xylon,  wood.] 
anomalum,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  CoalMeas.     [Sig.  anomalous.] 
Lesccropteris   adiantites  instead  of  Neu- 

ropteris  adiantites. 
Lesleya,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  CoalMeas.     [Ety. proper  name.] 
grandis,   Lesquereux,   1880,   Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  grand.] 
Licrophycus    flabellum,    Miller    &  Dyer, 

1878,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 

1,  Hud.  Kiv.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  fan.] 
Lycopodiolith.es     eleaans,      see     Lepidoden- 

dron  elegans. 
Lycopodites  cavifolius  instead  of  Selagin- 

ites  cavifolius. 
ortoni,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  CoalMeas.     [Ety.  proper  name.  J 
pendulus,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 


of  Pa.,    Coal    Meas.     [Sig.    hanging 

down.] 
Lycopodites  strictus,    Lesquereux,    1880, 

Coal  Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

pressed  together.] 
uncinnatus  instead  of  Selaginites  uncin- 

natus. 
vanuxemi,  syn.  for  Plumalina  plumaria, 

which  is  a  Graptolite. 
Macrostachya,   Shimper,   1869,  Traite  de 

Palseontologie  Vegetale,  vol.  1,  p.  332. 

[Ety.  makros,  long ;  Stachys,  a  plant.] 
infundibuliformis,       Brongniart,      1828 

(Equisetum  infundibuliforme).  Hist. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  funnel 

shaped.] 
Megalopteris     abbreviata,     Lesquereux, 

1880,   Coal  Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  abbreviated.] 
fasciculata,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  bundled.] 
marginata,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  margined.] 
southwelli,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  CoalMeas.  [Ety.  propername.] 
Megaphyton    goldenbergi,    Weiss,    1860, 

Zeitsch    d.    deutsch    geol.    Gesellsh 

XII.,  CoalMeas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
grandeuryi,     Lesquereux,     1880,     Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.   [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Myrianites  is  a  trail. 
Nemapodia  is  a  trail. 
Nematophyllum,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880, 

Perm,   or  Up.   Carb.   Flora.      [Ety. 

nema,  thread;  phyllon,  a  leaf.] 
angustum,    Fontaine    &    White,     1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.     [Sig.  narrow.] 
Nereites  is  a  trail. 
Neuropteris  acuminata,  Schlotheim,  1820 

(Filicites  acuminatus),  Petref.,   Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  acuminated  ] 
adiantites  is  Lescuropteris  adiantites. 
agassizi,   Lesquereux,   1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  propername.] 
anomala,  Lesquereux,  1880,   Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  CoalMeas.    [Sig.  anomalous.] 
aspera,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  rough.] 
biformis,  Lesquereux,  1880.  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  two  formed.] 
callosa,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  thick  skinned.  ] 
cordato-ovata,  Weiss,  1877,  Fossile  Flora, 

Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  cordate-ovate.] 
decipiens,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig    deceiving.] 
dictyopteroides,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880, 

Perm,    or    Up.    Carb.     Flora,     Coal 

Meas.      or      Permian.       [Sig.      like 

Dictyopteris .] 
dilatata,  Lindley  &  Hutton,  1835  (Cyclop- 

teris  dilatata),   Foss.    Flora,   vol.  2, 

CoalMeas.     [Sig.  dilated  ] 
elrodi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
germari,     Goeppert,     1836     (Adiantites 


254 


VEGETABLE   KINGDOM. 


germari),  Systema  Filicum  fossilium, 

Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Neuropteris  laciniata  instead  of  Cyclop- 

teris  laciniata. 
linnceifolia  is  a  Triassic  species, 
missouriensis,    Lesqnereux.   1880,    Coal 

Flora    of   Pa.,     Coal    Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
obscura,   Lesquereux,   1880,   Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  obscure.] 
odontopteroides,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.   [Sig.  like  Odontopteris.] 
platynervis,    Fontaine    &    White,  1880, 

Perm,    or    Up.    Carb.     Flora,     Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  flat  nerved.] 
smithsi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
subfalcata,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  subfalcate.] 
tenuinervis  is  Odontopteris  tenuinervis. 
Nosggerathia  was  described  by  Sternberg, 

in  1820,  in  Essai  d'un  expose  Geognos- 

tico-botanique  de  la  Flore  du  monde 

primitif,  2  Cahier. 
bockschiana  is  Archaeopteris  bockschiana. 
minor  is  Archaeopteris  minor. 
obliqua,   Lesquereux,     is    Archaeopteris 

obliqua. 
obliqua,    Gceppert   is  not  an  American 

species. 
obtusa  is  Archaeopteris  obtusa. 
Odontopteris     abbreviata,      Lesquereux, 

1880,  Coal  Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  shortened.] 
alpina,  Sternberg,  1821-38  (Neuropteris 

alpina),     Versuch    einer    Geognost.- 

botan.  Darstellung  der  Flora  der  Vor- 

welt.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
brardiis  Ad.,  Brongniart's  species,  1822, 

in  Class  d.  Veg.  Foss. 
cornuta,  Lesquereux,  1880,    Coal   Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  horned  ] 
crenulata,   as  first  identified  by  Lesque- 
reux, see  O   subcrenulata 
deformata,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  deformed.] 
densifolia,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,  Perm. 

or  Up.   Carb.   Flora.  Coal   Meas.  or 

Perm.     [Sig.  dense  leaved.] 
lescurei,  Wood,  I860,  Trans.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc,    vol.    13,    Coal    Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name  ] 
nervosa,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,  Perm. 

or  Up    Carb.   Flora,   Coal  Meas.   or 

Perm.     [Sig.  full  of  veins.] 
newberryi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
neuropteroides,  being  preoccupied  by  Roe- 

mer,  Lesquereux  proposed  O.   new- 
berryi, 1880,  Coal  Flora  of  Pa. 
pachyderma.   Fontaine  &   White,   1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.   Flora,  Coal  Mens. 

or  Permian.     [Sig.  thick  skinned.] 
rotundifolia.   Wood.   18(56.   Trans.    Am. 

Phil.  Soc.  vol.  13,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

round  leaved.] 


Odontopteris  sphenopteroides,  Lesque- 
reux, 1880,  Coal  Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.  like  Sphenopteris  ] 

squamosa,  Dawson,  1881,  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc  ,  Lond.,  vol.  37,  Devonian. 
[Sig.  scaly.] 

subcrenulata,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal 
Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  some- 
what   crenulated.] 

tenuinervis,  instead  of  Neuropteris  tenui- 
nervis. 
Oligocarpia,       Gceppert,      1841-48,      Die 
Gattungen     der    fossilen     Pflanzen. 
[Ety.  oligos,  few;  carpus,  fruit.] 

alabamensis,  Lesquereux,  1875,  Geol. 
Rep.  Ala.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

flagellaris  instead  of  Sphenopteris 
flagellaris. 

gutbieri,  Gceppert,  1841-48,  Die  Gattun- 
gen der  fossilen  Pfianzen,  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Paljsochorda  prima,  Whitfield,  1877,  Rep. 
on  the  Pal.  of  the  Black  Hills,  Pots- 
dam Gr.  [Sig.  first.] 
Pai^eophycus  plumosuni,  Whitfield,  1878, 
Ann.  Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Potsdam 
Gr.     [Sig.  feathered.] 

occidentale,  Whitfield,  1877,  Rep.  on  the 
Pal.  of  the  Black  Hills,  Potsdam  Gr. 
[Sig.  western.] 
PALiEOXYRis  appendiculata    is    Spirangium 
appendiculatum. 

corrugata  is  Spirangium  corrugatum. 

prendeli  is  Spirangium  prendeli. 
Palmacites   oculatus,   see  Sigillaria  oeulata. 

nceggerathi,  see  Trigonocarpum  na*gger- 
athi. 
Pecopteris  angustipinna,  Fontaine  & 
White,  1880,  Perm,  or  Up.  Carb. 
Flora,  Coal  Meas.  or  Permian.  [Sig. 
having  narrow  pinnae.] 

arborescens  is  Schlotheim's  species, 
1820  (Filicites  arborescens)  Petref. 

arguta  is  Sternberg's  species  in  Tent. 
Flor.  Primord. 

aspera,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  d.  Veg. 
Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  rough.] 

asplenioides,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880, 
Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 
or  Permian.     [Sig.  like  A$ple»ium.] 

bullata  is  a  Triassic  species. 

clarki,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 
Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

clintoni,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 
of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

elliptica,  Fontaine  &  White  (Goniopteris 
elliptica).  The  name  was  preoccupied. 

germari,  Weiss,  1869-72  (Cyatheites  ger- 
mari), Foss.  Flora  d.  Jungsten  Steink. 
Form.,  Up.  Coal  Meas.  or  Permian. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

germari  var.  crassinervis,  Fontaine  & 
White,  1880,  Perm,  or  Up.  ( 'arh.  Flora, 
Coal  .Mens,  or  Permian.  [Sig.  thick 
nerved.] 

germari     var.     cuspidata,     Fontaine    & 


VEGETABLE   KINGDOM. 


25.1 


White,   1880,   Perm,    or    Up.    Carb. 
Flora,  Coal  Meas.  or  Permian.     [Sig. 
toothed.] 
Pecopteris    goniopteroides,     Fontaine    & 

White,    1880,    Perm,    or    Up.    Carb. 
Flora,  Coal  Meas.  or  Permian.     [Sig. 
like  Ooniopteris.] 
halli  instead  of  Alethopteris,  halli. 
heerana.  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,  Perm, 
or   Up.   Carb.    Flora,   Coal  Meas.  or 

Permian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
imbricate,  Fontaine  &  White,  Perm,  or 

Up.   Carb.    Flora,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

imbricated.] 
inclinata,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,  Perm. 

or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

inclined.] 
lanceolate,      Lesquereux,      instead      of 

Alethopteris  lanceolate. 
Wmeeolata,  Fontaine  &  White.  The  name 

was  preoccupied, 
latifolia,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,  Perm. 

or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig. 

wide  leaved.] 
lyratifolia,  Goeppert,  1841-48  (Sphenop- 

teris  lyratifolia),   Die   Gattungen  d 

Foss.     Pflanzen,    Coal    Meas.     [Sig 

having  lyre-shaped  leaves.] 
marginata,  see  Alethopteris  marginata. 
merianopteroides,    Fontaine    &    White, 

1880,  Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal 

Meas.   or  Permian.     [Sig.   like  Mer- 

ianopteris.] 
microphylla,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  d. 

Hist.   Veg.   Foss.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

small  leaved.] 
miltoni,    Artis,  1825  (Filicites  miltoni), 

Anted.   Phytol.,   Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
murrayana  is  identified  by  Lesquereux, 

Geo.  Sur.,  Ill  ,  vol.  2,  see  Sphenop- 

teris  pseudo-murrayana. 
newberryana,  Fontaine   &   White,    1880 

(Goniopteris  newberryana),  Perm,  or 

Up.    Carb.     Flora,    Coal    Meas.    or 

Permian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
newberryi.     refer     to    Pseudopecopteris 

newberryi. 
nodosa,   Goeppert,   1836    (Aspidites    no- 

dosus),  Systema  Filicum   Fossilium, 

Upper  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  nodose.] 
oblonga,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880  (Goni- 
opteris oblonga),  Perm,  or  Up.  Carb. 

Flora,  Coal  Meas.  or  Perm.    [Sig.  ob- 
long.] 
oroides,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,  Perm. 

or  Up.  Carb.   Flora,   Coal   Meas.   or 

Permian.     [Sig.  somewhat  ovoid.] 
pachypteroides,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.     [Sig.  like  Pachypteris.} 
platynervis,    Fontaine    &  White.   1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.     [Sig.  fiat  nerved.] 
platvrachis.  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  d. 
Hist.  d.  Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

bavins;  a  fiac  rachis.l 


Pecopteris  plumosa  is  Artis'  species  (Fili- 
cites plumosa),  1825,  Anted.  Phytol. 
pteroides  instead  of  Alethopteris  pter- 

oides. 
pzisilla  is  Pseudopecopteris  pusilla. 
quadratifolia,     Lesquereux,    1880,   Coal 
Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  quad- 
rate leaved.] 
rarinervis,    Fontaine    &    White,    1880, 
Permian  or  Up.   Carb.   Flora,   Coal 
Meas.  or  Permian.  [Sig.  rare  veined.] 
robusta,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  robust.] 
rotundifolia,   Fontaine  &   White,    1880, 
Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 
or  Permian.     [Sig.  round  leaved.] 
rotundiloba,   Fontaine  &   White,    1880, 
Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 
or  Permian.     [Sig.  round  lobed.] 
schimperana.  Fontaine  &  White,   1880, 
Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 
or  Permian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
serpillifolia,     Lesquereux,     1880,     Coal 
Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  thyme 
leaved.] 
serrula,  Lesquereux,  instead  of  Alethop- 
teris serrula. 
shcefferi  is  Pseudopecopteris  shaefferi. 
sillimani  is  Pseudopecopteris  sillimani. 
solida  instead  of  Alethopteris  solida. 
stellata  instead  of  Alethopteris  stellata. 
subfalcata,     Fontaine    &    White,     1880, 
Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 
or  Permian.     [Sig.  somewhat  falcate.] 
tenuinervis,    Fontaine    &  White,    1880, 
Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 
or  Permian.     [Sig.  fine  veined.] 
venulosa,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 
of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  full  of  small 
veins.] 
vestita,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 
Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  clothed.] 
Physophycus   marginatus  is  Taonurus  mar- 

ginatus. 
Phytolithus    cancellatus    is    Lepidodendron 

veltheimianum. 
Polyporites  mirabilis  is  a  mistake  and  may  be 
erased. 
polysporus  is  a  mistakeand  may  be  erased. 
Polyspora  is  a  syn.  for  Lepidostrobus. 

mirabilis  is  Lepidostrobus  mirabilis. 
Protoblechxum,   Lesquereux,   1880,   Coal 
Flora    of    Pa.     [Ety.    protos,    first; 
Blechnum,  a  genus.] 
holdeni  instead  of  Alethopteris  holdeni. 
Protostigma,  Lesquereux,  1877,  Proc.  Am. 
Phil.  Soc.     [Sig.  protos,  first;  stigma, 
a  brand  or  dot.] 
sigillarioides,    Lesquereux,     1877,  Proc. 
Am.  Fhil.  Soc,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig. 
like  Sigillaria.] 
Pseudopecopteris,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal 
Flora    of  Pa.     [Ety.   pseudos,   false; 
Pecopteris,  a  genus.] 
abbreviate  instead  of  Sphenopteris.  ab- 
breviate, 
acuta  instead  of  Sphenopteris  acuta, 


256 


VEGETABLE   KINGDOM. 


Pseudopecopteris  anceps,  Lesquereux, 
1880,  Coal  Flora  of  Fa.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  double.] 

eallosa  instead  of  Fecopteris  eallosa. 

cordato-ovata,  Weiss,  1869-22  (Neurop- 
teris  cordata-ovata) ,  Foss.  Flor.  d. 
jungst.  steink.  form.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  cordate  ovate.] 

decipiens  instead  of  Sphenopteris  de- 
cipiens. 

decurrens  instead  of  Fecopteries  de- 
currens,  Lesquereux. 

denudata,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 
of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  denuded.] 

dimorpha,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 
of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  two-formed.] 

glandulosa  instead  of  Sphenopteris 
glandulosa. 

hymenophylloides  instead  of  Alethop- 
teris  hymenophylloides. 

irregularis  instead  of  Sphenopteris  irreg- 
ularis. 

latifolia  instead  of  Sphenopteris  latifolia. 

macilenta  instead  of  Sphenopteris  ma- 
cilenta. 

mazonana  instead  of  Alethopteris  ma- 
zonana. 

muricata  instead  of  Alethopteris  muri- 
cata. 

nervosa  instead  of  Alethopteris  nervosa. 

newberryi  instead  of  Sphenopteris  new- 
berry  i. 

pluckeneti  instead  of  Alethopteris 
pluckeneti. 

polyphylla  instead  of  Sphenopteris 
polyphylla. 

pusilla  instead  of  Pecopteris  pusilla. 

shaefferi  instead  of  Pecopteris  shaefferi. 

sillimani  instead  of  Pecopteris  sillimani. 

speciosa,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 
of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

spinulosa  instead  of  Alethopteris  spinu- 
losa. 

subcrenulata,  Lesquereux,  1830,  Coal 
Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  some- 
what crenulated.] 

subnervosaRcemer,  F.  A.,  1860,  Palaeon- 
tographica,  vol  9,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
somewhat  veiny.] 

trifoliata  instead  of  Sphenopteris  tri- 
foliata,  and  credit  to  Artis,  1825  (Fili- 
cites  trifoliatus)  Anted.  Phytol. 

virginiana  instead  of  Cyclopteris  virgin- 
iana. 
Fsilophyton  cornutum,  Lesquereux,  1877, 
Proc.  Am.  Phil.  Soc,  Low.  Held.Gr. 
[Sig.  horned.] 

gracillimum,  see  Dendrograptus  gracilli- 
mus. 

princeps,   var.  ornatum,  Dawson,  1871, 

Foss.  Plants,  Devonian.  [Sig.  ornate.] 

1'tilocarpus  bicornutus,  see  Cardiocarpon  bi- 

cornutum. 
Ptilophyton,  Dawson,  1878,  Scottish  Devo- 
nian Plants.      [Ety.  ptUon,   a  wing; 

,  phi/ton,  a  plant.]  This  name  is  pro- 
posed for  Lycopodites  vanuxemi,  which 
is  Plumalina  plumaria,  and  L.  plumu- 


la.     If  the  types  are  not  Graptolites, 

the  genus  may  stand. 
Rhabdocarpus  apiculatus,  syn.  for  R.  cari- 

natus. 
costatus,  syn.  for  R.  acuminatum, 
cornutus,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  horned.] 
howardi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,     Coal  Meas.       [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
insignis,  Lesquereux,  1880.     The  name 

having  been  preoccupied  by  Dawson, 

see  R.  lescuriana. 
jacksonensis  instead  of  Carpolithes  jack- 

sonensis. 
lescurianus,  n.  sp.  Coal  Meas.  Proposed 

instead  of  R.  insignis,     Lesquereux, 

1880,  Coal  Flora  of  Pa.,  p.  575,  pi.  85, 

fig.  26. 
mammillatus  is  Cardiocarpon  mammilla- 
turn, 
multistriatus  instead  of  Carpolithes  mul- 

tistriatus. 
oblongus,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,  Perm. 

or  Up.  Carb.   Flora,    Coal  Meas.   or 

Perm .     [  Sig.  oblong  .  ] 
platimarginatus  instead  of    Carpolithes 

platimarginatus . 
Rhachiopteris  affinis  instead  of  Stigmari- 

oides  affinis. 
selago  instead  of  Stigmarioides  selago. 
Rhacophyllum      adnascens      instead     of 

Hymenophyllites  adnascens. 
arborescens  instead  of  Hymenophyllites 

arborescens. 
clarki  instead  of  Hymenophyllites  clarki. 
cornutum,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal.  Meas.     [Sig.  horned.] 
corallum,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  a  coral.] 
expansum,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  expanded.] 
filiciforme,  Gutbier,  1842  (Fucoides  fili- 

ciformis).  Abdr.  u.  Verst.  d.  zwick- 

aur  schwarzk,  u.  sein.  Ungeb.,  Coal 

Mens.     [Sig  fern  like.] 
flabellatum,    Sternberg,  1821-38  (Aphle- 

bia    fiabellata),    Flora    der  Vorwelt, 

vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  fan  like.] 
fucoideum,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa  ,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  fucus  like.] 
hamulosum,     Lesquereux,     1880,     Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.   full 

of  hooks  ] 
inflatum  instead  of  Hymenophyllites  in- 

flatus. 
irregulare,     Germar,     1844     (Aphlebia 

irregularis),     Verst      d.    Steink.     v. 

Wettin  u   Lobejiin,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

irregular.] 
laciniatum,    Fontaine     &    White,    1880, 

Perm,    or    Up.     Carb.    Flora,     Coal 

Meas.  or  Permian.     [Sig.  jagged.] 
membranaceum,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal 

Flora  of  Pa..  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  mem- 
branaceous.] 
molle,  instead  of  Hymenophyllites  mollis. 


VEGETABLE   KINGDOM. 


2.->; 


Ehacophylum    scolopendrites    instead    of 

Scolopendrites  dentatus. 

spinosum,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  CoalMeas.  [Sig.  full  of  spines.  J 

strongi     instead     of     Hymenophyllites 

strongi. 
thalliforme  instead  of  Hymenophyllites 

thalliformis. 
trichoideum,     Lesquereux,     1880,     Coal 
Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  hair- 
like.] 
truncatum,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 
of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  truncated.] 
Hhizomorpha     sigillarle,     Lesquereux, 

1877,  Proc.  Am.  Phil.  Soc.,  CoalMeas. 
[Sig.  of  Sigillaria.] 

Rusophycus    asperum,    Miller    &     Dyer, 

1878,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 
1,  Utica  Slate.     [Sig.  rough. J 

Sapori\ea,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,  Perm. 

or    Up.    Carb.   Flora.    [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
grandifolia,    Fontaine    &   White,    1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.     [Sig.  large  leaved.] 
salisburioides,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.     [Sig.  like  Salisburia.] 
Schutzia    bracteata  refer  to   Cordaianthus 

bracteatus. 
Scolithus  has  no  place  among  the  plants.    It 

represents  the  work  of  a  borer,  and  is 

referred  therefore  to  the  Annelida. 
Scolopendrites     dentatus    is    Rhacophyllum 

scolopendrites. 
Sdaginites    cavifolius  is   Lycopodites    cavi- 
folius. 
crassus  is  a  syn.  for  Lycopodites  cavi- 
folius. 
forrnosus  is  not  a  plant.     It  was  founded 

upon  fragments  of  a  crustacean. 

uncinnatus  is  Lycopodites  uncinnatus. 

Sigillaria     acuminata,     Newberry,     1874, 

Proc.    Cleveland    Acad.     Sci.,    Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  pointed.] 
alveolaris  is  Sternberg's  species  (Lepi- 

dodendron   alveolare),   1820  in    essai 

d'un    expose    Geognostico-botanique 

de  la  Flore   du   monde  primitif.  1st 

cahier. 
approximata,   Fontaine   &   White,  1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian..  [Sig  near  to.] 
bieroei,  syn.  for  S.  ichthyolepis. 
brardi  was  described  in  1822.     Class  d. 

Veg.  Foss. 
brongniarti,  Geinitz,  1855.     Die  Verst. 

d.  Steink.  form.  Sachsen  ,  Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name  ] 
cancellata,  syn.  for  Lepidodendron  vel- 

theimianum. 
chemungensis  is  Lepidodendron  chemung- 

ense. 
eortei,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  d.  Hist. 

d.  Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  prop- 
er name.] 
cuspidate,   Brongniart,   1828,   Prodr.   d. 


Hist.  d.  Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

pointed.] 
Sigillaria  dentate,  Newberry,  1874,  Proc. 

Cleveland    Acad.    Sci.,    Coal    Meas. 

[Sig.  toothed.] 
elegans  is  Sternberg's  species  (Favularia 

elegans)  in  Tent.  flor.  primord. 
hexagona,  Schlotheim,  1820  (Palmacites 

hexagonatus),    Petref.,    Coal    Meas. 

[Sig.  hexagonal.] 
ichthyolepis,   Sternberg,   1821-38,    Flor. 

d.   Vorw.,    Coal  Meas.      [Sig.   fish- 
scaled.] 
lacoei,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
leioderma,  Brongniart,  1828-44,  Hist.  d. 

Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  smooth 

skinned.] 
leptoderma,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  CoalMeas.  [Sig.  thin  skinned.] 
lorenzi,  Lesquereux,  1^80,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
mammillaris,  Brongniart,  1828-44,  Hist. 

d.  Veg.  Foss.  Coal  Meas.   [Sig.  mam- 

illated.] 
marginata,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  margined.] 
marineria,    Hildreth,   1837,   Am     Jour. 

Sci.  &  Arts,  vol.  31,  Low.  Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
martini  may  be  erased, 
oculata  is   Schlotheim's  species   (Palm- 
acites oculatus),  1820,  Petref. 
orbicularis,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  d. 

Hist.  d.  Veg.  Foss.,  Coal  Meas.   [Sig. 

orbicular.] 
ornithicnoides,  Wood,  1866,  Trans.  Am. 

Phil.  Soc,  vol.  13,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

like  bird  tracks.] 
ovalis,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  oval.] 
oweni,  see  Didymophyllum  oweni. 
perplexa,  Wood,  1866,  Trans.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc,  vol.  13,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  per- 
plexing. ] 
pittstonana,     Lesquereux,     1880,     Coal 

Flora    of   Pa.,    Coal     Meas.      [Ety. 
'  proper  name.] 
pulchra,   Newberry,   1874,  Proc.  Cleve- 
land   Acad.   Sci.,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

beautiful.] 
reticulata,  Steinhaur,  may  be  erased  and 

reticulata,  Lesquereux,  restored. 
solanus,   Wood,  1860,   Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal    Meas      [solanus,  in  text; 

solenotus,  on   plate ;   solena,  in  Trans. 

Am.  Phil.  Soc.  vol.  13.] 
tes6ellata,  Steinhaur,  is  correct,  but  tess- 

ellata.  Brongniart,  may  be  struck  out 

as  he  did  not  claim  the  name, 
voltzi,  Brongniart,  1828,  Prodr.  d.  Hist. 

d.    Veg     Foss.,    Coal   Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
williamsi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of    Pa.,    Coal     Meas.    [Ety.     proper 

name  ] 
yardleyi  was  described  by  Lesquereux. 

in  1858,  in  Catal.  Potts.  Foss. 


258 


VEGETABLE  KINGDOM. 


Sigillarioides  stellatus,  refer  to  Stigmaria 

stellata. 
Solenoula,   Wood,  1860,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  solen,  a  channel; 

oulos,  entire.] 
psilophloeus,   Wood,   1860,   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Coal.  Meas.     [Sig.  smooth 

barked.] 
Sokocladus,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.     [Ety.   soros,   a  heap,   one  of 

the  fruit   dots    on    the  back  of  the 

frond;  klado,  to  break  in  pieces.] 
asteroides     instead     of     Staphylopteris 

asteroides. 
ophioglossoides,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  like 

Ophioglossus.] 
sagittatus     instead     of     Staphylopteris 

sagittata. 
stellatus  instead  of  Staphylopteris  stell- 
ata. 
wortheni     instead     of     Staphylopteris 

wortheni. 
SrHENOPHYLLUM  densifoliatum,  Fontaine  & 

White,   1880,    Perm,    or    Up.    Curb. 

Flora,  Coal  Meas.  or  Permian.     [Sig. 

dense  leaved.  ] 
fontainianum,  n.  sp.,  Upper  Coal  Meas. 

or    Permian.      Proposed   instead    of 

S.  latifolium  of  Fontaine  &  White, 

in  Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Floi'a,  p.  36, 

pi.  1,  figs.  10  &  11. 
latifolium,  Wood,  1866,  Trans  Am.  Phil. 

Soc,  vol.  13,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  wide 

leaved.] 
latifolium,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,Perm. 

or  Up.  Carb.  Flora.    The  name  was 

preoccupied.     See  S.  fontainianum. 
primcevum,  Lesquereux,  1877,  Proc.  Am. 

Phil.  Soc,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  I  think  there 

is  no  probability  that  this  is  a  plant, 
tenuifolium,    Fontaine   &   White     1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora.  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.     [Sig.  slender  leaved.] 
Sphenopteris  abbreviate/,,   refer  to  Pseudo- 
pecopteris abbreviata. 
acrocarpa,    Fontaine    &    White,    1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.     [Sig.  pointed  fruit] 
acuta,  refer  to  Pseudopecopteris  acuta. 
alabamensis ,  refer  to  Oligocarpia  alabam- 

ensis. 
auriculata,    Fontaine    &    White,    1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora.  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.    [Sig.  auriculated.] 
ballantini  instead    of   Hymenophyllites 

ballantini. 
britsi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.  ] 
chaerophylloides  instead    of   Pecopteris 

chaerophylloides . 
coriacea,  Fontaine  &  White.  1880,  Perm. 

or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas.  or  Per- 
mian.    [Sig.  coriaceous.] 
cristata,     Sternberg,     1821-38,    Flor.  d. 

Vorw.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  tufted.] 
decipiens,  refer  to  Pseudopecopteris  de- 

cipiens. 


Sphkxopteris  dentata,  Fontaine  &  White, 

1880,  Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal 

Meas.  or  Permian.     [Sig.  toothed.] 
flaecida,  Crepin,  1874,  Bull.  Acad.  Roy. 

of  Belgium,  Sub-carboniferous.    [Sig. 

flaccid.] 
flagellaris  refer  to  Oligocarpia  flagellars, 
flexicaulis  instead    of  Hymenophyllites 

flexicaulis.  . 

foliosa,  Fontaine  &  White,  1880,  Perm. 

or  Up.   Carb.   Flora,   Coal  Meas.  or 

Permian.     [Sig.  leafy.] 
fui-cata  instead  of  Hymenophyllites  fur- 

catus 
glandulosa,     refer    to  Pseudopecopteris 

glandulosa. 
goniopteroides,  Lesquereux,  1880,   Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  like 

Goniopteris .] 
hastata,  Fontaine  &  White.  1880.  Perm. 

or  Up.  Carb.   Flora,   Coal  Meas.  or 

Permian.     [Sig.  armed  with  a  spear.] 
hildrethi    instead    of    Hymenophvllites 

hildrethi. 
intermedia,  Lesquereux,     The  name  was 

preoccupied  in  1852  by  Ettingshausen. 

It  is  now  described  as  S.  mediana. 
irregularis,     refer    to    Pseudopecopteris 

irregularis, 
larischi,      Stur,     1877      (Calymmotheca 

larischi),    Culm.   Flor.    d.    Ostr.    u. 

Waldenburger  Sehichten,  Coal  Meas. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
lati folia,  refer  to  Pseudopecopteris  lati- 

folia. 
laxa,  Hall,  is  Archax>pteris  hallana. 
lescuriana,     Fontaine    &    White,    1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
linearis,   Sternberg,  Tent.  flor.  prim.  p. 

15,  tab.  42,  flg.  4,  Lower  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  lined.] 
maoilenta,     refer    to     Pseudopecopteris 

niaeilenta. 
mediana,   Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,   Coal  Meas.      [Sig    middle.] 

Proposed  instead  of  S.  intermedia, 
microearpa.     Lesquereux,     1880,     Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  small 

fruited.] 
minutisecta,    Fontaine   &   White,   1880, 

Perm     or    Up.    Carb.    Flora,    Coal 

Meas.     or   Permian.       [Sig.    finely 

marked.] 
newberryi     refer     to     Pseudopecopteris 

newberryi. 
pachynervis,    Fontaine   &  White,   1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.     [Sig.  thick  veined.] 
pilosa,  refer  to  Callipteris  pilosa. 
polyphylla,     refer    to    Pseudopecopteris 

polyphylla. 
pseudomurrayana,     Lesquereux,     1880, 

Coal  Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

from  its    resemblance   to    Pecopteris 

murrayana.] 
pterota,   Wood,  1866,  Trans.  Am.  Phil. 


VEGETABLE   KINGDOM. 


Soc.,    vol.    13,    Coal     Meas.      [Sig. 

feathered.] 
M'iJK.voPTEBis  quercifolia,  Gceppert,  1836, 

Systema     Filicum     fossilium,     Coal 
•■is.     [Sig.  oak  leaved.] 
spinosa     instead     of     Hymenophyllites 

r-pinosus. 
squamosa  is  Pseudopecopteris  anceps. 
x      subalata,    Weiss,    1869-72,    Foss.   Flor. 

d.  jungst.  Steink.  form.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  somewhat  alate.] 
trichomanoides      instead     of     Hymen- 
ophyllites trichomanoides. 
tridaetjiites  instead  of  Hymenophyllites 

tri  dactylites. 
Etete,   refer  to  Pseudopecopteris  tri- 

foliata  and    to   Artis    (Filicites   tri- 

foliatus),    1825,     Antediluvian    Phy- 

tology. 
Sn&Ajreifaf,    Schimper,    1874,    Traite    de 

Palaeontologie  Vegetale.    [Ety.  from 

the    coiled     and     twisted     marking 

around  the  pod  or    vegetable    sub- 
stance.] 
appendieulatum    instead  of  Palaeoxyris 

appendiculata. 
corrugatum  instead  of  Palaeoxyris  cor- 

rugata. 
intermedium,    Lesquereux,    1880,    Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  in- 
termediate.] 
multiplicatum,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal 

Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  many 

plicated.] 
prendeli  instead  of  Palaeoxyris  prendeli. 
SpirophyUm,  Hall,  is  classed  by  Prof.  Les- 
quereux as  a  synonym  for  Taonurus. 
Sporaxgites  acuminatum  instead  of  Annu- 

laria  acuminata, 
huronensis,  Dawson,  1871,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

&    Arts,    Ham.    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
Sporoc  YSTis,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.      [Ety.  sporos,  seed;    kustis, 

bladder.] 
planus,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    {Sig.  even.] 
Staph vloptekis  nsteroides,  S.  sagittata,  8. 

stelloto,  and  8.  irortheni,  are  referred 

to  the  genus  Sorocladus. 
>jemmatopteris,  Corda,  1845,  Beitrage  zur 

Flora  der  Vorwelt.     [Ety.  stemmatos, 

a  wreath:  ptf/ris,  a  fern-] 
angustata,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  narrowed.] 
eyclostigma,     Lesquereux,     1880,     Coal 

Flora  of  Pa  ,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig.  round 

dotted.] 
emarginata,    Lesquereux,     1880,     Coal 

Flora  of  Pa..  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.emar- 

ginated.] 
gigantea.  instead  of  Caulopteris  gigantea. 
liir-utii.  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  hairy.] 
insignis.  instead  of  Caulopteris  insignis. 
mimica,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  mimic.] 


Stemmatopteris  polita,  Lesquereux,  1880, 

Coal  Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

polished.] 
punctata,  instead  of  Caulopteris  punc- 
tata, 
schimperi,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of    Pa.,    Coal    Meas.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
squamosa,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  scaly.] 
wortheni,  instead  of  Caulopteris  worth- 

eni. 
Stiomaria  amoena,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal 

Flora   of   Pa.,     Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 

charming.] 
stellaris  instead  of  Sigillarioides  stellaris. 
Stigmarioides  affinis,  refer  to  Rhachiop- 

teris  affinis. 
selago,  refer  to  Rhachiopteris  selago. 
Strobilus  caryophyllus,  Hildreth,  1837,  Am. 

Jour.  Sci.  &  Arte,  vol.  31,  Coal  Meas. 
Syrestgodexdrox  was  described  by  Stern- 
berg in  1820  in  Essai  d'un  expose 

Geognostico-botanique    de    la    Flore 

du  monde  primitif.  1st  cahier,  and  S. 

pes-capreoli  was  also  described, 
brongniarti,     Geinitz,    1855    (Sigillaria 

brongniarti),  Verst.  d.  Steink.  form. 

in  Sachsen,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
gracile  is  from  the  Waverly  Group, 
kirtlandium,  Hildreth,  1837,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.  &  Arts,  vol.  31,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
magnificum,  Wood,  1866,    Trans.  Am. 

Phil.  Soc.,  vol.  13,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

magnificent.] 
pachyderma  instead  of  Sigillaria  pachy- 

derma. 
T^ExioPHYLLfM,  Lesquereux,  1878,  Proc. 

Am.  Phil.  Soc.   [Ety.  tainia,  a  ribbon ; 

phyllon,  a  leaf.] 
contextum,     Lesquereux,    1878,    Proc. 

Am.  Phil.  Soc.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

entwined.] 
decurrens.  Lesquereux,  1878,  Proc.  Am. 

Phil.  Soc.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  extend- 
ing downward.] 
deflexum,  Lesquereux,  1878,  Proc.  Am. 

Phil.  Soc.,    Coal    Meas.     [Sig.  bent 

down  ward,  j 
T.EXIOPTKRIS  lescuriana,  Fontaine  &  White,  ' 

1880,  Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal 

Meas.    or    Permian.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
magnifolia  is  a  Jurassic  species, 
newberryana,   Fontaine  &  White,  1880, 

Perm,  or  Up.  Carb.  Flora,  Coal  Meas. 

or  Permian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
smithi,  Lesquereux,  1875,  Geol.  Rep.  of 

Ala.,    Coal    Meas.       [Ety.     proper 

name.] 
Taoxurus,      Fisher-Ooster,      1858,     Foss. 

Fucoiden  d.  Schweizer  Alpen.    [Ety. 

toon,  a  peacock;  oura,  tail.] 
cauda-galli  instead  of  Spirophyton  cauda- 

galli.  according  to  Lesquereux. 
colletti  instead  of  Chondrites  eolletti. 


PROTISTA. 


Taonurus  crassus  instead  of  Spirophyton 

crassum. 
marginatus  instead  of  Caulerpites  marg- 

inatus. 
typus  instead  of  Spirophyton  typus. 
velum  instead  of  Spirophyton  velum. 
Trichophycus,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Jour. 

Cin.   Soc.   Nat  Hist.,  vol.  1.     [Ety. 

trichos,  hair;  phukos,  sea  weed.] 
lanosum,    Miller    &   Dyer,   1878,   Jour. 

Cin.   Soc.   Nat.   Hist.,   vol.   1,   Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  woolly.] 
sulcatum,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878.  Cont.  to 

Pal.,  No.   2,   Hud.   Riv.   Gr.      [Sig. 

furrowed.] 
venosum,  S.  A.  Miller,  1879,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  veiny.] 
Trigonocarpum  giffordi,  Lesquereux,  1880, 

Coal  Flora  of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
nceggerathi  is  Sternberg's  species  (Palma- 

cites  noeggerathi),  Tent.  nor. primord. 
saffordi,  Lesquereux,.  1880,  Coal  Flora  of 

Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Triphyllopteris,   Schimper,   1874,   Traite 

de  Pal.  Veg.  [Ety.  tria,  three ;  phyllon, 

a  leaf;  pteris,  a  fern.] 
lescuriana  instead  of  Cyclopteris  lescu- 

riana. 


Trochophyllum    was    used    by    Edwards   & 

Haime  for  a  genus  of  Corals  in  1851 , 

and   hence   was    preoccupied    before 

Wood  suggested  its  use    instead  of 

Annularia. 
clavatum,       Lesquereux,      1880,     Coal 

Flora     of    Pa.,    Coal    Meas.       [Sig. 

knotted.] 
lineare,   Lesquereux,    1880,   Coal   Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas      [Sig.  linear.] 
Ulodendron       commutatum,      Schimper, 

1874,  Traite  de  Pal.  Veg.,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  changed.] 
flexuosum,  see  Halonia  flexuosa. 
Uphantosnia  is  referred  to  the  Class  Porifera. 
Walchia  gracilis  was  published  in  1863, 

Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8,  and  is  the  same  as 

Araucarites   gracilis.   W    robusta  in 

1871,    in   Rep.   on  Prince   Edward's 

Island.  * 

Whittlesey  a  was  described  as  well  as  W. 

elegans,  in  1874,  in  Proc.  Cleveland 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 
integrifolia,     Lesquereux,     1830,     Coal 

Flora    of   Pa.,    Coal.     Meas.       [Sig. 

whole  leaved.] 
undulata,  Lesquereux,  1880,  Coal  Flora 

of  Pa.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  undulated.] 
Zamites  gramineus   and  Z.  obtusifolius   are 

Triassic  species. 


ANIMAL  KINGDOM. 


SUBKINGDOM    PROTISTA. 


Arch^ocyathellus,  Ford,  1873,  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  6.  A 
proposed  subgenus  of  Archaeocya- 
thus,  founded  upon  A.  rensselsericus. 

Astroconia,  Sollas  1881,  Lond.  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc,  vol.  37.  [Ety.  aster,  a 
star;  konia,  dust.] 
granti,  Sollas,  1881,  Lond.  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc,  vol.  37,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name  ] 

Astylospongia,  prsemorsa,  var.  nuxmo- 
schata,  Hall,  1876,  28th  Reg.  Rep., 
Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  nutmeg.] 

Beatricea  (p.  165)  is  a  sponge,  and  should 
have  been  placed  in  this  subkingdom. 

Calcarina,  D'Orbigny,  18262  Tableau  Me- 
thodique  de  la  classe  des  Cephalo- 
podes  in  Annales  des  Sciences  Natur- 
elles,Tome  7.  [Ety.  calcis,  limestone.] 
ambigua,  Brady,  1876,  Monograph  of 
Carboniferous  and  Permian  foramin- 
ifera,  Carboniferous.  [Sig.  ambigu- 
ous.] 

Calcisph^era,  Williamson,  1880,  Mem.  Org. 

of  the  Plants  of  the  Coal  Meas.,  pt. 

10.     [Ety.  calcis,  limestone;  sphtera, 

a  sphere.] 

robusta,   Williamson,   1880,   Mem.  Org. 


Plnnts,    Coal  Meas.,  Corniferous  Gr. 

[Sig.  robust.] 
Cyathophycus,  Walcott,  1879,  Trans.  Alb. 

Inst.,  vol.  10.     [Ety.  kuatkos,  a  cup; 

phukos,  a  sea  weed.]     This  genus  is 

now  supposed  to  represent  sponges, 
reticulatum,  Walcott,  1879,  Trans.  Alb. 

Inst.,  vol.  10,  Utica  Slate  Gr.     [Sig. 

reticulated.] 
subsphericum,    Walcott,     1879,    Trans. 

Alb    Inst.,  vol.  10,  Utica  Slate  Gr. 

[Sig.  somewhat  spherical.] 
Cyathospongia,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 

Niagara  and   Up.  Held.  Gr.      [Ety. 

kuathos,  a  cup;  spongia,  a  sponge.] 
excrescens,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  growing  up  preternaturally.] 
Dictyophyton  catilliforme.  Whitfield,  1881, 

Bull.  No.   1,   Am.  Mus.   Nat.  Hist., 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  dish  like] 
cylindricum,   Whitfield,  1881,  Bull   No. 

1,  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  cyclindrical.] 
Dystactospoxgia,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour. 

Cin.    Soc.    Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5.     [Ety. 

dystaktos,  hard  to  arrange;  spongia,  a 

sponge] 


PROTISTA. 


261 


Dystactospoxgia   insolens,   S.   A.   Miller, 

1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 

5,  Hud.  Eiv.  Gr.     [Sig.  unusual.] 
Exdothyra,  Phillips,  1845,  Proc.  Geol.  & 

Polytech,  Soc.  W.  Riding  Yorks,  vol. 

2.       [Ety.    endo»,    within;    thura,    a 

door.] 
haileyi  instead  of  Rotalia  baileyi. 
FusiLiXAhyperborea,  Salter,  1855,  Belcher's- 

last  Arctic  Voyage,  vol.  2,  Carbonifer- 
ous.    [Sig.  very  far  north.] 
Hixdsia,  Duncan,  1879,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat. 

Hist.,  5th  ser.,  vol.  4.     [Ety.  proper 

name  ] 
sphaeroidalis,  Duncan,  1879,  Ann.  &  Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.,  5th  ser.,. vol. 4, Low.  Held. 

Gr.     [Sig.  sphaeroiclal.] 
Ischadites     tessellatus     see     Receptaculites 

tessellatus. 
Lepidolites,  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  lepis,  scale; 

lit  has,  stone.] 
dickhauti.  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety. 

proper  name.]     Another  specimen  he 

called    L.  elonyatus,   without   charac- 
ters to  distinguish  it.     The  Specimens 

are  very  poor,   and  unless  they  are 

spongoid  and  related  to  Cyathophy- 

cus,  the  name  may  as  well  be  erased 

for  want  of  definition. 
Loftusia,  Carpenter  &  Brady,  1869,  Trans 

Royal  Soc.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
columbiana,  Dawson,  1879,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  35,  Up.  Carb.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Microspoxgia,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Jour. 

Cin.   Soc.   Nat.  Hist  ,   vol.  1.     [Ety. 

mikros,  small;  spongia,&  sponge.] 
gregaria,   Miller    &    Dver,   1878,  Jour. 

(in.    Soc.    Nat.    Hist.,   vol.   1,   Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  belonging  to  a  flock.] 
Nodosixelea,    Brady,     1876,    Monograph, 

Carb.  &  Perm,   foraminifera.     [Ety. 

nodus,  a  knot.] 
priscilla  instead  of  Dentalina  priscilla. 
Pae.eacis     cuneiformis,     Milne-Edwards, 

1860,  Hist.  Nat.  d.  Corollaires,  vol.  3, 

Warsaw  Gr.     [Sig.  wedge  formed.] 
cuneatus  is  a  syn.   for  P.    cuneiformis, 

and   P.  compressus  and  P.  enormis, 

should  be  dated  1860. 
Pal.eomanox  craters  should  be  referred  to 

the  Niagara  Gr. 
Pattersoxia,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5      [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
diflicilis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  difficult  ] 
Protocyathus,  Ford,  1878,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

&   Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  15.      [Ety.  pro- 

tos,  first;  kuathos,  a  cup.] 
raruB,   Ford,   1878,    Am.   Jour.   Sci.   & 

Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  15,  Low.  Potsdam 

Gr.     [Sig.  rare.] 


Receptaculites  arcticus,  Etheridge,  1878, 
Quar.  Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol.  34,  Siluri- 
an.    [Sig.  arctic] 
circularis,    Emmons,   1856,   Am.  Geol., 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  circular.] 
devonicus,   Whitfield,  1882,   Desc.   new 
species  Foss.  from  Ohio,  Up.  Held. 
Gr.     [Sig  Devonian.] 
iowensis,  should  be  referred  to  the  Tren- 
ton Gr. 
sacculus,  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  new  species 
Foss.    from  Waldron,  Ind.,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  bag.] 
tessellatus,    Winchell   &    Marcy,    1865, 
Mem.   Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  checkered.] 

Rotalia  baileyi  refer  to  Endothyra  baileyi. 

Saccammixa,    Sars,    1868,    Vidensk-Selsk. 
Forhandl.    [Ety.  diminutive  of  sakkos, 
a  bag.] 
eriana,  Dawson,  1881,  Can.  Nac,  vol.  10, 
syn.  for  Calcisphsera  robusta. 

Strom atocerium  richmondense,  S.  A. 
Miller,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat. 
Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

Stromatopora  should  be  referred  to  this 
subkingdom.  In  1867,  Proc.  Am. 
Ass.  Ad.  Sci.,  Winchell  proposed  the 
subgenus  Cainostroma  to  include  S. 
monticulifera,  S.  polymorpha,  S.  pus- 
tulosa,  S.  radiosa,  and  S.  ramosa;  and 
the  subgenus  Idiostroma  to  include 
S.  ccespitosa,  and  a  proposed  species 
S.  gordiaceum. 
hindi  is  from  the  Niagara  Gr. 
nulliporoides,  Nicholson,  1875,  Pal. 
Prov.  Ont.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  like 
Nullipora.] 

Textilaria  pakeotrochus  see  Valvulina  palseo- 
trochus. 

Uphaxtjexia,  dawsoni,  Whitfield,  1881, 
Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts;  hIso,  Bull. 
No.  1,  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

Valvtjlixa,  D'Orbigny,  1826,  Tabl.  Method, 
d.  1.  Classe  d.  Cephalopodes.     [Ety. 
valva,  a  door.  ] 
bulloides,  Brady,  1876,  Monog.  Carb.  & 
Perm,    foraminifera,   Carboniferous. 
[Sig.  like  a  bubble.] 
decurrens,  Brady,  1878,  Mem.  Geo.  Sur. 
Scotland,    Carboniferous.     [Sig.    ex- 
tending down.] 
palaeotrochus,   Ehrenberg.   1857  (Texti- 
laria   palaeotrochus),    Mikrogeologie, 
Carboniferous.       [Sig.    ancient    Tro- 
chus.] 
plicata,    Brady,   1873,   Mem.  Geo.   Sur. 
Scotland,   Carboniferous.      [Sig.  pli- 

rudis,  Brady,  1876,  Monog.  Carb.  & 
Perm,  foraminifera,  Carboniferous. 
[Sig.  rude  ] 


262 


POLYPI. 


SUBKINGDOM    RADIATA. 


CLASS    POLYPI. 


Acanthograptus,  Spencer,  1878,  Can.  Nat. 
vol.  8.  [Ety.  akantha,  spine;  grapho, 
to  write.] 

granti,  Spencer,  1878,  Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Acervtjlaria     adjunctive,     White,     1880, 
Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.   2,   Car- 
boniferous.    [Sig.  joined.] 

pentagona,  Goldfuss,  1826  (Cyathophyl- 
lum  pentagonum),  Petref.  Germ.,  De- 
vonian. [Sig.  pentagonal.] 
Acrophyllum  clarki,  Davis  (In  press), 
Foss.  Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky. 
St.  Geo.  Sur.,  Upper  Devonian.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

ellipticum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Lower  Devonian.  [Sig.  ellip- 
tical]. 
Alveolites  arctica,  Woodward,  1879,  Lond. 
Geo.  Mag.  n.  s.  vol.  5,  Devonian. 
[Sig.  arctic] 

constans,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Lower  Devonian.  [Sig.  reg- 
ular, unchangeable.] 

exsul,  refer  to  Callopora  exsul. 

fibrosus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.[Sig.  fibrous.] 

fischeri  (which  is  Pachypora  fischeri), 
A.  goldfussi,  and  A.  roemeri,  should 
be  dated  1860,  Can.  Jour.  vol.  5,  and 
are  from  Ham.  Gr. 

frondosus,  refer  to  Pachypora  frondosa. 

irregularis,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
irregular.] 

louisvillensis,  Davis  (In  press)  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky  ,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

minimus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
ofKy.,in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Lower  Devonian.  [Sig.  small- 
est.] 

mordax,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
ofKy.,in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Lower  Devonian.  [Sig.  rough 
as  a  rasp.]  \ 

multilamella,  Meek,  1877,  U.  S.  Geo. 
Sur.,  40th  Parallel,  vol.  4,  Devonian. 
[Sig.  having  many  lamellae.] 

niagarensis,  Nicholson  &  Hinde,  1874, 
Can.  Jour.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  prop- 
er name.] 

niagarensis,  Rominger,  see  Alveolites 
undosus. 

scandularis,  Davis  (In press),  Foss.  Cor- 
als of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 


Sur.,  Upper  Devonian.    [Sig.  covered 

as  with  shingles.] 
Alveolites  undosus,  n.  sp.,Niag.  Gr.  [Sig. 

wavy.]     This  name  is   proposed  for 

the  species  described  by  Rominger  in 

1876,  in  his  Foss.  Corals,  p.  40,  pi.  16, 

figs.  1  and  2,  under  the  name  of  A. 

niagarensis,    as  his    name   was    pre- 
occupied by  Nicholson  &  Hinde. 
Amplextjs  annulatus,  Whitfield,  1878.  Ann. 

Rep.   Geo.   Sur.   Wis.,   Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  annulated.] 
feildeni,   Etheridge,   1878,   Quar.   Jour. 

Geo.   Soc.   vol.   34,    Upper  Silurian. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
fenestratus,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 

Geo.    Sur.   Wis.,   Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

having  open  windows.] 
junctus,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Niag- 
ara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara   Gr. 

[Sig.  joined.]  , 
laxatus,     Billings,      Can.    Nat.      Cor- 

niferous  ( ?)  limestone.     [Sig.  spread 

out.] 
uniformis,    Hall,     1882,     Foss.     Corals, 

Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  uniform.] 
Anisophyllum,  Edwards  and  Haime,  1851, 

Mon.  d.  Pol.  foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.     [Ety. 

anisos,  unequal;  phyllon,  a  leaf.] 
agassizi,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon. 

d.   Pol.  foss.    d.  Terr.     Pal.,     Low. 

Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
bilamellatum,  Hall,   1882,   Foss.  Corals, 

Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  having  two  lamellae.] 
trifurcatum,   Hall,    1882,    Foss.   Corals, 

Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  three  forked.] 
unilargum,    Hall.    1882,    Foss.    Corals, 

Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  one  large.] 
Arachnophyllum,  Dana,  1848,  Zoophytes, 

U.   S.   Expl.   Exped.,  vol.  8.     [Ety. 

arachne,  a  spider;  phyllon,  a  leaf.] 
richardsoni,    Salter,   1852,    Sutherland's 

Jour.,     vol.     2,    Upper    Sil.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Astraea  hennahi,  see  Smithia  hennahi. 
ASTR.EOPHYLLIM,     Nicholson     &    Hinde, 

1874,  Can.  Jour.,  vol.  14.    [Ety.  aster, 

a  star;  phyllon,  a  leaf.] 
gracile,   Nicholson  &  Hinde,  1874,  Can. 

Jour.,   vol.   14,   Niagara    Gr.      [Sig. 

slender.] 
Atjlacophyllum,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1854, 

British  Fossil  Corals.     [Ety.  aulas,  a 

furrow;  phyllon,  a  leaf.] 
bilaterale,    Hall,    1882,     Foss.     Corals 


POLYPI. 


2G3 


Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.  [Sig.  bilateral.] 
Aulacophyli.um  coiiigeruui,  Davis  (In 
press).  Foss.  Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1, 
Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur.,  Upper  De- 
vonian.    [Sig.  bearing  a  cone.] 

convergent,  Hall,  1882.  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  converging.] 

crnciforme,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous  limestone.     [Sig.  cruciform.] 

mntabile,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky..  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Middle  Devonian.  [Sig.  change- 
ful.] 

parvum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Middle  Devonian.     [Sig.  small.] 

pinnatum,  Hall.  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous  limestone.     [Sig.  plumed.] 

poculum,  Hall.  1882.  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  a  cup.] 

prseciptum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals. 
Niagara  and  Up  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous  limestone      [Sig.  anticipated.] 

prateriforme.  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous   limestone.      [Sig.   prateriform?] 

princeps.  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous  limestone.     [Sig.  first.] 

reflexum.  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr..  Cornifer- 
ous  limestone.     [Sig.  turned  back.] 

sulcatum.  D'Orbigny.  1850.  Prodr.  d. 
Pal.,  vol.  1.  p.  105,  Corniferous  lime- 
stone.    [Sig.  furrowed.] 

tripinnatum.  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals. 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  three  pinnated.] 

trisuleatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  three  furrowed.] 

unguloideum.  Davis  (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Lower  Devonian.  [Sig. 
like  a  hoof.] 
Aulopora  canadensis,  1875  (Alecto  cana- 
densis). Can.  Nat.  and  Geo.,  vol.  7, 
Corniferous  limestone.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

culmula,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky..  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St  Geo. 
Sur..  Devonian.     [Sig.  a  little  stalk.] 

procumbens,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky..  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Middle  Devonian.  [Sig. 
prostrate.] 
Baryphyliam  fungulus.  White,  1878,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
a  small  mushroom.] 
verneuilanum.  Edwards  &  Ilainie, 
1851,  Mon.  d.  Pol.  foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal., 
Niagara  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 


Blothrophyllim  cinctutum,  Davis  (In 
press),  Foss.  Corals  of  Ky.,  vol.  1, 
Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur.,  Middle 
Devonian.     [Sig.  girt.] 

corium,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky.,  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Middle  Devonian.     [Sig.  bark,  skin.] 

louisvillense,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Middle  and  Upper 
Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name  ] 

multicalicatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.   [Sig. many  plastered.] 

niagarense.  Davis  (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

papulosum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.    [Sig.  pustulecl.] 

parvulum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky..  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Middle  Devonian.  [Sig. 
very  small.] 

promissum.  Hall.,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  hanging  down.] 

sessile,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky..  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Middle  Devonian.  [Sig.  dwarfish, 
seeming  to  sit.] 

sinuosum.     Hall,     1882,    Foss.     Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  sinuous.] 
Calamopora  cellulata,  see  Favositescellulata. 

goldfussi,  see  Favosites  goldfussi. 

minuta,  see  Favosites  minute. 

uunutissima,  see  Favosites  minutissima. 

radians,  see  Favosites  radians. 

verneuili,  see  Favosites  verneuili. 
Calceola   should  be    removed    from  the 
Brachiopoda  to  this  class. 

attenuate,  Lyon,  1879,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  attenuated.] 

corniculum,  Lyon,  1879,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  a  little 
horn.]  Is  it  a  syn.  for  C  tennesseen- 
sis? 

coxi,  Lyon,  1879,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.]  Is 
it  a  syn.  for  C.  tennesseensis  ? 

proteus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 
pusilla,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
very  small.] 
Callograptis  niagarensis,  Spencer,  1878, 
(an.  Nat.,  vol.  8,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
Calophyllum,  Dana,  1848,  Zoophytes  U.S. 
Expl.   Exped.,   vol.   8.     [Ety.  kalos, 
beautiful;  phyllon,  a  leaf.] 
phragmoceras,  Salter,  1852,  Sutherland's 
.Jour.,  vol.  2.  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  a  parti- 
tioned horn.] 


264 


POLYPI. 


Calyptograptus,  Spencer,  1878,  Can.  Nat., 

vol.    8.      [Ety.     kalyptos,     covered; 

grapho,  to  write,] 
cyathiformis,  Spencer,  1878,  Can.  Nat., 

vol.  8,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  cup  shaped.] 
subretiformis,  Spencer,  1878,  Can.  Nat., 

vol.  8,  Niagara   Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat 

net  formed] 
Cannapora  annulate,  Nicholson  &  Hinde. 

1874,  Can.  Jour.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig. 

ringed.] 
Caryophyllia  cornicula,  see  Zaphrentis  cor- 

riicula. 
gigantea,  see  Zaphrentis  gigantea. 
pulmonea,  see  Zaphrentis  pulmonea. 
Catenipora  michelini,  Castlenau,  syn.  for 

Halysites  catenulatus. 
Chetetes  sequidistans.  Hall,  1881.  Bryozo- 

ans  of  the  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  equi- 
distant.] 
arcticus,    Haughton,    1857,   Jour.  Roy. 

Dub.  Soc,  vol.  1.     [Sig.  arctic] 
compressus,  Ulrich,  1879.  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.    Hist.,   vol.   2.   Hud.   Riv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  compressed.]  This  is  a  bryozoan. 
crebrirama.  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.   Held.   Gr.     [Sig.  having  dense 

branches.] 
egenus.  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  destitute  of.] 
elegans,  Ulrich,   see  Monticulipora  ele- 

gans. 
internascens,  Hall,  1881.   Bryozoans  of 

the  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  growing  be- 
tween.] 
irregularis,  see  Monticulipora  irregularis. 
filiasa,  see  Monticulipora  fili  >sa. 
fusiformis,  Whitfield.  1878,  Ann.   Rep. 

Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Hud.  Riv   Gr.  [Sig. 

fusiform.] 
granuliferus,   see  Monticulipora  granu- 

lifera . 
milleporaceus.  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851, 

Mon.  d.  Pol.  foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.  Car- 
boniferous.     [Sig.   having  innumer- 
able pores.] 
moniliformis,    refer      to    Monticulipora 

moniliformis. 
ramosus,  see  Monticulipora  ramosa. 
subglobosus,    Ulrich,   see  Monticulipora 

subglobosa. 
undulatus.  see  Monticulipora  undulata. 
venustus,  see  Monticulipora  venusta. 
Chonophyllum    capax,   Hall,   1882,   Foss. 

Corals,  Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  capacious.] 
magnificum,  was  published  in  Can.  Jour., 

vol.  5,  in  1860. 
nanum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 

Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 

Upper  Devonian.     [Sig.  a  dwarf.] 
sedaliense,  White,  1880,  12th  Rep.  U   S. 

Geo.  Sur,  Terr.,  Choteau  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
vadum,  Hall,  1882,  Fobs.  Corals,  Niagara 

and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr.   [Sig. 

shallow.] 


Chonostegites,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851, 

Pol.  Foss.  des  Terr.  Pal.,  p.  299.  [Ety. 

konos,  a  cone;  stege,  a  covering.] 
clappi,  Edwards   &   Haime,   1851,   Pol. 

Foss.  des  Terr.  Pal.  p.  299,  Up.  Held. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Cladopora    alcicornis,   Davis   (In   press), 

Foss.  Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,   Pal. 

Ky.   St.    Geo.    Sur.,    Up.   Devonian. 

[Sig.  elk's  horn.] 
aculeata,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss   Corals 

of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 

Sur.,      Niagara    Gr.       [Sig.    having 

prickles  or  spines.] 
acupicta,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 

of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 

Sur  ,  Low.  Devonian  [Sig.  punctured 

as  with  a  needle.] 
bifurca,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 

Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur. 

Low.  Devonian.     [Sig.  two  pronged, 

forked.] 
canadensis,  Rominger,  is  a  syn.  for  Pachy- 

pora  frondosa. 
crassa,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 

Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal   Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 

Low.  Devonian.     [Sig.  thick.] 
dentata,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 

of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.   St.   Geo. 

Sur.,  Low.  Devonian.     [Sig.   having 

teeth.] 
desquamata,    Davis    (In    press),    Foss. 

Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 

Geo.    Sur.,    Low.    Devonian.      [Sig. 

scaled,  peeled.] 
dispansa,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 

ofKy.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.    St.   Geo. 

Sur.,  Low.  Devonian.     [Sig.   spread 

out  flat] 
equisetalis,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Cor- 
als of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 

Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  from  the  plant 

Equisetum.] 
fibrata,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 

Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 

Low.  Devonian.     [Sig.  fibrous.] 
foliata,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss   Corals  of 

Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 

Low  Devonian.      [Sig.   arranged  in 

leaves.] 
gracilis.  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 

Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 

Mid.  Devonian.     [Sig.  slender.] 
gulielmi.  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
.       of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 

Sur.,  Up.   Devonian.      [Ety.   proper 

name.] 
knappi.   Davis   (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 

of  Ky.,   in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St    Geo. 

Sur.,  Low    Devonian.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
lichenoides,  Rominger,  1876.     This  name 

was     preoccupied    by    Winchell    & 

Marcy,  in  1865.     See  C.  winchellana. 
menis,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 

Ky.,  in  vol  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  crescent.] 
ordinata,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 


POLYPI. 


2G5 


of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Siii'.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  from  the 
arrangement  in  rows.] 
Cladopopa  proboseidalis,  Davis  (In  press), 
Foss.  Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal. 
Ky.  St.  Geo.  Bur..  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
having  a  proboscis.] 

ricta,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Low.  Devonian.     [Sig.  open  month.] 

robnsta  var.  tela,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky  ,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,-  Low.  Devonian.  [Sig  a 
„web.] 

sarmentosa,  Hall,  1876,  Desc.  new 
species  of  fossils  from  Waldron, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig    full  of  branches.] 

striata,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  striped.] 

undosa,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  P«l.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Low.  Devonian.     [Sig.  wavy.] 

winchellana,  n.  sp..  Up.  Held.  Gr.  This 
name  is  proposed  for  the  species  de- 
scribed by  Rominger,  under  the  pre- 
occupied name  of  C.  lichenoides,  in 
his  Fossil  Corals,  p.  47,  pi.  17,  figs.  1 
and  4.  Named  in  honor  of  Alexander 
Winchell. 
Clisiophyllum  austini,  Salter,  1852 
(Strephodes  austini),  Sutherland's 
Jour.,  vol.  2,  Devonian  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

danaanum,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851, 
Mon.  d.  Pol.  foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

pluriradiale,  Nicholson,  1874,  Pal.  Prov. 
Ontario,  Corniferous  limestone.  [Sig. 
many  radiated] 

tumulus,  Salter,  1855,  Belcher's  last  of 
the    Arctic    Voyages,    vol.    2,    Car- 
boniferous.    [Sig.  a  mound.] 
Ccenites  lunata,  see  Limaria  lunata. 
Columnakia  halli,  Nicholson,  1879,  Tabu- 
late Corals,  syn  for  C.  alveolata. 

mamillaris,  and  C.  multiradiata,  Castel- 
nau,  1843,  are  not  recognized  by 
palaeontologists. 

sutherlandi,  Salter,  1852,  Sutherland's 
Jour.,  vol  2,  Devonian.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Columnopora  rayi,  Davis  (In  press), 
Foss.  Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal. 
Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Ceaspedophyllum,  Dybowski,  1873, 
Beschreibung  neuen  aus  Nordamer- 
ika,  Stammenden  Devonischen,  art 
der  Zoaniharia  rugosa.  [Ety.  kras- 
pedos,  an  edge;  phyllon,  a  leaf.] 

americanum,  Dybowski,  1873,  Beschr. 
n  a.  Norda.  s.  Dev.  a.  d.  Zoanth. 
rugosa.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  at  Columbus, 
O.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Crepidophyllum,  Nicholson  &  Thompson, 
1877,  Proc.  Royal  Soc.  Edinburgh,  vol. 


9.      A    proposed    name    to    include 
Diphyphylhun  archiaci. 
Cyathaxonia  columellata,  Hall,  1882,  Foss. 
Corals,  Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  pillared.J 

cynodon,  Rafinesque  &  Clifford,  1820, 
Monographic  d.  Turbinolides,  in 
Ann.  d.  Phys.  d.  Brux.,  t.  5,  Waverly 
Gr.     [Sig.  dog  tooth.] 

gainesi,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

herzeri,  Hall?  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.} 

profunda,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851, 
Mon.  d.  Pol.  foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.,  Car- 
boniferous.    [Sig.  profound.] 

wisconsinensis,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann. 
Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
CYATHOPHYLLUM.a</</Zomera£wm,  C.  ammonis, 
C.  arborescens,  C.  atlas,  C.  conicum, 
C.  distincturn,  G.  d'orbignyi,  C.  gold- 
fussi,  C.  goliath,  C.  michelini,  C.  pli- 
catulum,  C.  rollini,  G.  striatulum,  and 
C.  vicinum,  are  Castlenau's  species 
imperfectly  described  in  1843,  in  his 
Systeme  silur.  de  l'Amerique  sep- 
tentr.  They  are  not  recognized  by 
American  authors. 

articulatum,  Wahlenberg  (Madreporites 
articulatus),  Nov.  Act.  Upsal.,  vol. 
8,  Up.  ttil.  This,  though  identified 
by  some  from  America,  is  probably 
not  an  American  species. 

arctifossa,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  close  wrinkled.] 

brevicorne,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Cor- 
als of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Devonian.     [Sig.  short  horn.] 

bullatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  vesicled.j 

bullulatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  little  vesicled.] 

canaliculatum,  Hall  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  canaliculated.] 

cohjerens,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  coherent.] 

concentricum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  concentric] 

depressum.  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  depressed.] 

exfoliatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  exfoliated.] 

fimbriatum.  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Cor- 
als of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Mid.  Devonian.     [Sig.  fringed.] 

flos,  Davis   (In  press),   Foss.    Corals  of 


2G6 


POLYPI. 


Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Niagara  Gr.  and  Devonian.  [Sig. 
a  flower.] 
Cyathophyllum  gemmiferum,  Davis  (In 
press),  Foss  Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol. 
1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur.,  Devoni- 
an.    [Sig.  bearing  buds.] 

(jigas  is  a  syn.  for  Zaphrentis  gigantea. 

impositum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  laying  over.] 

infoveatum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Cor- 
als of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Devonian  [Sig.  without  a 
fovea.] 

intertrium,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Ety.  from  the  three  smaller  lamellae 
between  the  larger  ones.] 

intervesiculum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr . ,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.  [Sig.  having  vesicles 
between.] 

juvenis,  is  without  letter  j  in  part  of 
the  1st  edition  of  this  work. 

lesueuri,  should  be  accredited  to  Ed- 
wards &  Haime,  1851,  Mon.  d.  Pol. 
Foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal. 

multicrena,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Cor- 
als of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Devonian.  [Sig.  many  notched.] 

nevadense.  Meek,  1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Sur., 
„  40th  parallel,   Carboniferous.     [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

oedipus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Low.  and  Mid.  Devonian.  [Sig. 
having  a  club  foot.] 

palmeri,  Meek,  1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Sur., 
40th  parallel,  Devonian.  [Ety.  prop- 
er name.] 

perfossulatum.  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.  [Sig.  having  many 
little  ditches.] 

perplicatum,  Hall,  1882.  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  many  plicated.] 

pickthorni,  Salter,  1852  (Strephodespick- 
thorni),  Sutherland's  Jour.,  vol.  2, 
Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

plication,  Goldfuss,  1826.  Germ.  Petref. 
This  specific  name  is  condemned  as 
American,  because  Goldfuss  applied 
it  to  two  distinct  species  at  the  same 
time — one  from  America  and  the 
other  from  Sweden. 

pocillum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Mid.  and  Up.  Devonian.  [Sig.  a 
little  cup.] 

pumilus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Mid.  Devonian.    [Sig.  a  dwarf  ] 

jiustulatum,  Conrad,  1848.  Not  clearly 
defined. 

robustum.  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 


agara and  Up  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.  [Sig.  robust.] 
Cyathophyllum  scalenum,  Hall,  1882, 
Foss.  Corals,  Niagara  and  Up.  Held. 
Gr.,  Corniferous  limestone.  [Sig. 
having  unequal  sides.] 

septatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Nia- 
gara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  partitioned.] 

tornatum.  Davis  'In  press)  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Up.  Devonian.  [Sig.  rounded 
as  in  a  lathe.] 

vesiculatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  vesicled.] 

zenkeri,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Jour.,  vol. 
5,  Corniferous  limestone.  [Ety.  prop- 
er name.] 
CYSTiPHYLLUMbifurcatum,  Hall,  18S2,  Foss. 
Corals,  Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr., 
Corniferous  limestone.  [Sig.  bifur- 
cated.] 

bipartitum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  two  parted.] 

cicatriciferum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Up.  Devonian.  [Sig.  bear- 
ing a  scar.] 

crateriforme.  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cormfer- 
ous  limestone.     [Sig.  crateriform.] 

granilineatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up-  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Sig.  granule  lined.] 

hispidum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Low.  Devonian.  [Sig.  prickly, 
thorny.] 

incurvum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Cor- 
als of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  crooked.] 

infundibulum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  a  funnel.] 

latiradius,  Hall,  18S2,  Foss.  Corals.  Nia- 
gara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  wide  rayed.] 

limbatum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Low  Devonian.  [Sig.  bordered, 
like  a  garment  with  flounces.] 

lineatum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.  and  Low.  Devon- 
ian.    [Sig.  lined.] 

muricatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cor- 
niferous limestone.      [Sig.  pointed.] 

nanum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous  lime- 
stone.     [Sig.  a  dwarf.] 

nettlerothi,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol,  1.  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Low.  Devonian.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 


POLYPI. 


267 


CtSTIPHTixum  obliquum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss. 
Corals,  Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr., 
Corniferous    limestone        [Sig.     ob- 
lique.] 
os,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of  Ky., 
in   vol.  1,   Pal.    Ky.   St.   Geo.   Sur., 
Low.  Devonian.     [Sig.  a  bone.] 
plicatum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,' Low.  and  Mid.  Devonian.    [Sig. 
folded  in  plaits.] 
pustulatum,   Hall,   1882,    Foss.    Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.    Held.    Gr.,    Cor- 
niferous limestone.   [Sig.  pustulated.] 
quadrangulare,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and    Up.    Held.   Gr.,    Cor- 
niferous    limestone.        [Sig.     quad- 
rangular.] 
scalatum.     Hall,     1882,    Foss.    Corals, 
Niagara    and  Up.    Held.    Gr.,   Cor- 
niferous    limestone.      [Sig.    having 
stairs.] 
striatum.   Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  channeled.] 
sulcatum    was     described    in    1858,    in 

Can.  Xat.  &  Geol.,  vol.  3. 
supraplanum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and   Up.   Held.   Gr.,     Cor- 
niferous limestone .     [Sig.  very  level.] 
tenuiradius,    Hall,    1S82,    Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara    and    Up.    Held.    Gr.,  Cor- 
niferous limestone.     [Sig.  fine  rayed.  ] 
theissi,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  in 
Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Mid.  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
zaphrentiforme,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,   in  vol.   1,    Pal.  Ky. 
St.  Geo.  Sur.,  Low  Devonian.     [Sig. 
formed  like  Zaphrentis.] 
Cystostylis,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann.   Eep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.     [Ety.  kustis,  a  blad- 
der; stylos,  a  stalk.] 
typicus,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Wis.,   Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.   the 
type.] 
Daxia,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1849,  Comptes 
Eendus,  t.  29,  p.   261.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
huronica,     Edwards     &    Haime.    1849, 
Comptes  Eendus,  t.  29,  Up.  Silurian. 
[Ety   proper  name.]  ^. 

Dekayia,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon.  d. 
Pol.  foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.,  p.  277.     [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
aspera,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851 ,  Mon. 
d.  Pol.  foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.,  Hud.  Eiv. 
Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 
attrita,.  Nicholson    (Chetetes    attritus), 
syn.  for  D.  aspera. 
Dexdrograptls  compactus,  Walcott,  1S79, 
Utiea   Slate  and  related  formations, 
Utica  Slate.     [Sig.  compact.] 
gracillimus,    Lesquereux,    1877,     Proc. 
Am.  Phil.  Soc.  (Psilophyton  gracilli- 
mum),   Hud.   Eiv.    Gr.      [Sig.   very 
slender.] 


Dexdrograptvs  novellus,  Hall,  1879,  Desc. 
New  Spec.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig. 
young.] 
simplex,  Walcott,  1879,  Utica  Slate  and 
related  formations,  Utica  Slate.   [Sig. 
simple.] 
tenuiramosus,  Walcott,  1879,  Utica  Slate 
and  related  formations,  Utica  Slate. 
[Sig.  very  branchy.] 
Dexdropora  ornata  refer    to  Trachypora 
ornata. 
osculata,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Devonian.     [Sig.  kissed,  joined 
by  contact.] 
Dictyoxema    fenestrata    was  described  in 
1851,  in  Foster  &  Whitney's  Eep.  on 
the  Lake  Superior  Land  District, 
pergracilis,   Hall  and    Whitfield,    1872, 
24th  Eeg.  Eep.,   Niagara  Gr.    [Sig. 
very  slender.] 
tenella,   Spencer,  1878,   Can.  Nat.,  vol. 

8,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  delicate.] 
websteri  was    described    in  1860,  Can. 
Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol.  5. 
Diorrychopora    Davis   (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.     [Ety.   diorrusso,  to  dig  a 
canal;  pora,  a  tube.] 
tenuis,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky.  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  slender.] 
Diphyphyllum  adnatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss. 
Corals,   Niagara  and  Up.  Held  Gr., 
Corniferous  limestone.   [Sig.  adnate.] 
apertum,   Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and   Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  opened.] 
bellis,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Mid.  Devonian.     [Sig.  a  daisy.] 
breve,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 'Niagara 
and     Up.     Held.    Gr.,    Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  short.] 
coagulatum,    Davis     (In    press),    Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.    Sur.,    Mid.    Devonian.      rSi"-. 
thickened.] 
coalescens,     Davis     (In    press),     Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.   Sur.,    Mid.    Devonian.      [Sig. 
growing  together.] 
conjunctum,    Davis    (In   press),    Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.    Sur.,     Mid    Devonian.      [Sig. 
joined  intimately.] 
cylindraceum,  Hall,  1882,    Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  like  cylinders.] 
dividuum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.  separable.] 
fasciculum,  Aleek,  1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Sur., 
40th  parallel,  Devonian.    [Sig.  a  small 
bundle.] 
gracile,  McCoy,  1854,  Brit.  Pal.  Foss., 
Corniferous  limestone.  [Sig.  slender.] 
tumidulum,    Hall,    1882,    Foss.  Corals, 


POLYPI. 


Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous  limestone.     [Sig.  tumid.] 
Diplograptus  hudsonicus,  Nicholson,  1875, 
Pal.  Prov.  Ont.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.   [Ely. 
proper  name.] 
hypniformis,  White,  1874  (Graptolithus 
hypniformis',     Rep.     Invert.    Foss., 
Trenton  Gr.    [Sig.  like  Hypmim,  from 
the  moss-like  aspect  of  the  stipes.] 
Diplotrypa,  Nicholson,  1879,  Tabulate  Cor- 
als.    A    subgeneric    name,   founded 
upon  Monticulipora  petropolitana. 
Drymopoea,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol,  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.     [Ety.  drumos,  a  thicket;  pora, 
a  tube.] 
auloporoidea,   Davis    (In  press),    Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Up.  Devonian.     [Sig.  re- 
sembling Aulopora.] 
commensahs,   Davis  (In    press),    Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.    Sur.,    Mid.    Devonian.      [Sig. 
living  at  the  same  table.] 
frutectosa,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Cor- 
als of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Up.  Devonian.     [Sig.  shrubby, 
bushy.] 
Elasmophyllum,  Hall,  1882.  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara    and  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety. 
elasma,  lamella;  phyllon,  a  leaf.] 
attenuatum,  Hall,    1882,    Foss.   Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held'Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous  limestone.     [Sig.  attenuated.] 
Eridophyllum  simcoense  is  from  the  Cor- 

niferous  limestone. 
Favistella  calicina,  Nicholson,  1874,  Rep. 
Brit.  Assoc,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  a 
little  cup.] 
franklini,     Salter,     1852,     Sutherland's 
Jour.,  vol.  2,  Up.  Sil.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
reticulata,    Salter,     1852.     Sutherland's 
Jour.,  vol.  2,  Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  reticu- 
lated ] 
Favosites  alveolaris  may  be  stricken  out  as 
not  an  American  species, 
amplissimus,    Davis    (In    press).   Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky..  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Low.  and  Mid.  Devonian. 
[Sig.  very  large  or  ample.] 
arbor,   Davis   (In    press),    Foss.   Corals 
of  Ky..  in  vol.  1    Pal   Ky.  St.   Geo. 
Sur.,  Low.  Devonian.     [Sig.  a  tree  ] 
baculus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Low.  Devonian.     [Sig.  a  staff', 
a  scepter.] 
canadensis,  Billings,  1858,  Can.  Nat.  & 
Geol.,   vol.  3,  instead  of  Fistulipora 
canadensis, 
cariosus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Low.  &  Mid.  Devonian.     [Sig. 
worm  eaten.] 
cellulata,    Castelnau.   1843  (Calamopora 
cellulata),  Syst.  Sil.     From  Point  La- 
tour,  northeast  of  Lake  Huron,   but 


not  recognized  by  later  authors  for 

some  reasons  not  known  to  the  author. 
Favosites  clelandi,  Davis  (In  press).  Foss. 

Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 

Geo.    Sur.,    Low.    Devonian.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
convexus,  Davis  (In  press).  Foss.  Corals 

of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1.  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 

Sur.,  Low.  and  Mid.  Devonian.   [Sig. 

convex.] 
cymosus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 

of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 

Sur.,  Low.  and  Mid.  Devonian.   [Sig. 

full  of  sprouts.] 
chapmani,   Nicholson,   1874,  Pal.  Prov. 

Ont.,   Corniferous   limestone.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
divergens,  Winchell,  1862,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Low.  Carb.     [Sig.  diverg- 
ing.] 
emmonsi,  Rominger,  syn.  for  P.  helioliti- 

formis. 
eximius,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 

of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.   Geo. 

Sur.,   Up.   Devonian.     [Sig.  uncom- 
mon, remarkable.] 
flabelliformis,  Troost,   1843.     Not  satis- 
factorily defined, 
forbesi,  var.  occidentalis.  Hall,  1876,  2£th 

Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. western.] 
forbesi  var.  waldronensis,  Nicholson,  syn. 

for  F.  forbesi,  var.  occidentalis. 
frutex,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 

Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 

Low.   Devonian.      [Sig.   a  shrub,   a 

bush.] 
fustiformis,    Davis    (In    press),     Foss. 

Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 

Geo.   Sur.,    Low.    Devonian.      [Sig. 

club  shaped.]   • 
goldfussi.     Castelnau,    1843,    Syst.  Sil. 

(Calamopora     goldfussi  ,     Up.     Sil. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
goodwyni,  Davis  (In press),  Foss.  Corals 

of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal    Ky.  St.  Geo. 

Sur.,  Up.  Dev.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hamiltonensis,    Rominger,    syn.    for    F. 

dumosus. 
impeditus,    Davis    (In     press),      Foss. 

Corals    of     Ky.,     in    vol     1,    Pal. 

Ky.    St.  Geo.  Sur.,   Low.  Devonian. 

[Sig.   hindered,  of  stunted  growth.] 
louisvillensis,    Davis    (In  press),  Foss. 

Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 

Geo.  Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name .  ] 
mamillaris,    Castelnau,    1843,    Syst.  Sil. 

Not  recognized, 
mancus  instead  of  F.  manus. 
minuta  and  F.   minutissima,    Castelnau. 

Not  recognized, 
mundus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 

of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 

Sur.,  Low,  and  Mid  Devonian.     [Sig. 

neat,  pretty.] 
mundus    var.    placentoideus,   Davis  (In 

press),  Foss.  Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1, 

Pal.   Ky.   St.   Geo.   Sur.,  Low.   De- 


POLYPI. 


vonian.      [Sig.    resembling    F.    pla- 
centa] 
Favosites  occiclens,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann. 
Rep.   Geo.    Sur.   Wis.,   Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  western  ] 

parvo,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky  ,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Low.  Devonian.  [Sig.  a  peacock, 
in  allusion  to  the  resemblance  be- 
tween the  larger  round  tubes  regular- 
ly interspersed  among  the  smaller 
polygonal  tubes  of  the  fossil  and  the 
dotted  circles  or  ''eyes"  of  a  pea- 
cock's tail.] 

pirum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky..  in  vol.  1.  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Mid.  Devonian.     [Sig.  a  pea.] 

proximus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Low  Devonian.  [Sig.  a  near 
neighbor.  ] 

quercus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky..  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Low.  Devonian.     [Sig.  an  oak.] 

radians.  Castelnau,  1843.  Not  recog- 
nized. 

ramulosus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Cor- 
als of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1.  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Low.  Devonian.  [Sig.  having 
small  branches.] 

rotundituba.  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Cor- 
als of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Niagara  and  Devonian.  [Sig. 
round  tubed.] 

spiculatus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Cor- 
als of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Low.  Devonian.  [Sig  bearing 
spicules  or  spikes.] 

spinigerus  instead  of  F.  niagarensis,  var. 
spinigerus.    ' 

spongilla,  Rominger,  syn.  for  F.  spini- 
gerus. 

troosti,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon. 
d.  Pol.  foss  d.  Terr.  Pal.,  Devonian. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

verneuili,  Castlenau.  1843,  syn.  forMon- 
ticulipora  fibrosa. 
Favositopora  palaiozoica,  Kent,  1870,  Ann.  & 
Mag  Nat.  Hist.,  4  ser.,  vol.  6.  Not 
recognized. 
Fistulipora  canadensis,  refer  to  Favosites 
canadensis.     * 

flabellata,  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Eiv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  from  flal/ellum,  a  fan.] 

lens,  Whitfield.  1878,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 
Sur.  Wis.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  a 
lentil.] 

rugosa,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 
Sur.  Wis.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
rugose.] 

solidissima,  Whitfield.  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
very  solid.] 
Geaptolithus  annectans,  Walcott,  1879, 
Utica  Slate  and  related  formations, 
Utica  Slate  Gr.  [Sig.  connected 
together.] 


Graptouthus  whitianus,  n.  sp.  Hud.  Riv. 
Gr.,  from  five  miles  north  of  Belmont, 
Nevada.  Proposed  instead  of  G.  nimu- 
lus  of  White,  1874,  Exp.  and  Sur.,  W. 
100th  merid..  Prelim.  Rep.  Invert. 
Foss.  p.  13.  and  vol.  4,  pt.  1,  p.  62,  pi. 
iv.,  figs.  3a,  3b  and  3c.  The  name  was 
preoccupied  by  Hall,  for  a  distinct 
species  in  the  same  genus. 
Hadrophyllum  glans,  instead  of  Zaphrentis 

glans. 
Haixia,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon.  d. 
Pol.  foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.     [Ety.  proper 
name  ] 

divergens,  Hall.  1882.  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Sig.  diverging.] 

divisa,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
dividing.] 

insignis,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon. 
d.  Pol.  foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.,  Up.  Held. 
Gr.     [Sig.  marked.] 

pluma.  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr,.  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
a  small,  soft  feather.] 

scitula.  Hall.  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
handsome.] 
Halysites  catenulatus,  var.  feildeni,  Eth- 
eridge,  1878,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo.  Soc, 
vol.  34,  Upper  Silurian.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

catenulatus,  var.  harti.  Etheridge,  1878, 
Quar.  Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol.  34,  Up. 
Sil.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

labyrinthica,  Goldfuss,  1826  (Catenipora 
labyrinthica),  Petref.  Germ.  Niagara 
Gr.     [Sig.  labyrinthine] 

nexus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  linked  together.] 

parryi,  Konig,  1824  (Catenipora  parryi), 
Supp.  to  App.  of  Capt.  Parry's  Voy- 
age for  the  Discovery  of  a  Northwest 
Passage,  Up.  Sil.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Heliolites  should  be  credited  to  Guettard, 

Mem.  3,  p.  454. 
Heliophyllum    acuminatum,    Hall,    1882. 
Foss.  Corals,  Niagara  and  Up.  Held. 
Gr.,    Corniferous    limestone.      [Sig. 
acuminated.] 

aequale,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  equal.] 

aequum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Nia- 
gara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  even,  level.] 

alternatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  alternated.] 

annulatum.  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Nia- 
gara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  annulated.] 

campaniforme,  Hall,  1S82,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  bell  formed.] 

canadense,   Billings,   1859,   Can.   Jour., 


270 


POLYPI. 


vol.  4,  Corniferous  limestone.     [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
Heliophyllum    cancellatum,    Hall,    1882, 
Fobs.  Corals,  Niagara  and  Up.  Held. 
Gr.,  Corniferous  limestone.  [Sig.  can- 
cellated.] 
cayugaense,  Billings,  1859,   Can.  Jour, 
vol.  4,  Corniferous  limestone.    [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
compactum,    Hall,    1882,   Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  compact.] 
dentatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,   Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  toothed.] 
denticulatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss    Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  denticulated  ] 
dentilineatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara 
Gr.  [Sig.  tooth  lined.] 
distans,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals.  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous  lime- 
stone.    [Sig.  distant.] 
fasciculatum,   Hall,   1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara    and    Up.    Held.    Gr  ,  Cor- 
niferous limestone.  [Sig.  fasciculated.] 
fecundum,    Hall,     1882,     Foss. ,. Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  fruitful.] 
fissuratum,    Hall,    1882,    Foss.    Corals, 
Niagara    and    Up.    Held.    Gr.,  Cor- 
niferous limestone.     [Sig.  fissured.] 
gemmatum,    Hall,   1882,    Foss.    Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  hudded.] 
gemmiferum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Sig.  hud  bearing.] 
imhricatum,   Hall,   1882,    Foss.   Corals, 
Niagara  and    Up.   Held.   Gr.,    Cor- 
niferous    limestone.      [Sig.      imbri- 
cated.] 
incrassatum,   Hall,   1882,   Foss.   Corals, 
Niagara  and   Up.    Held.    Gr.,    Cor- 
niferous limestone.     [Sig.  thickened.] 
invaginatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.   Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone      [Sig.  invaginated.] 
latericrescens,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  side  growing.] 
lineolatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  fine  lined.] 
initella,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
a  head  hand.] 
nettlerothi.  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pocillatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  little  cupped.] 
pravum,   Hall,   18a2,  Foss.   Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[ttig.  cooked.] 
puteatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 


agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  having  a  little  well.] 
Heliophyllum  scyphulus,  Hall,  1882.  Foss. 
Corals,   Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr., 
Corniferous  limestone.     [Sig.  a  small 
cup.] 
sordidum.  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals  Nia- 
gara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.    [Sig.  poor  ] 
tenuimurale,   Hall,  1882,   Foss.   Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  thin  walled.] 
venatum,     Hall,     1882,     Foss.    Corals,   . 
Niagara   and  Up.    Held.   Gr.,    Cor- 
niferous limestone.     [Sig.  veined.] 
verticale,     Hall,     1882,     Foss.    Corals, 
Niagara    and    Up.    Held.    Gr.,  Cor- 
niferous limestone.     [Sig.  vertical.] 
Heterotrypa,  Nicholson,  1879,  Pal.  Tab.  Cor., 
p.    293.    Proposed  as  a  subgenus  of 
Monticulipora. 
Ikocaexis  arbuscula,   Ulrich,   1879    Jour. 
Gin.  Soc.  Nat  Hist  ,vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv. 
Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  shrub.] 
divaricatus,     Hall,     1879,     Desc     New 
Species    Foss.,   Niagara     Gr.     [Sig. 
spread  apart.] 
problematicus,  Spencer,  1878,  Can.  Nat., 
vol.   8,   Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  problem- 
atic] 
Leptopora  typa  should  be  referred  to  the 
Marshall  or  Kinderhook  Gr. 
winchelli,  White,  1879,  Bull.  U.  S.  Sur., 
vol.  5,  No.  2,  Carboniferous.     [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
Limaria  lunata,  Nicholson  &  Hinde,   1874 
(Coenites    lunata),    Can.    Jour.,    Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  lunate.] 
Llndstromia,    Nicholson    &     Thompson, 
1877,  Proc.  Roy.  Soc.  Edinb.,  vol.  9. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
columnaris,    Nicholson     &    Thompson, 
1877,  Proc.  Roy.  Soc.  Edinb.,  vol.  9, 
Devonian.     [Sig.  columnar.] 
Lithostrotion     harmodites,    Edwards    & 
Haime,   1851,   Mon.   d.   Pol.  foss.  d. 
Terr.    Pal.,     Carboniferous.       [Sig. 
well-fitting  stone.] 
junceum,  Fleming,   1828  (Caryophyllsea 
juncea).  Brit.  Anim.,  Subcarbonifer- 
ous.      From    Feilden    Isthmus,    the 
most  northern  point  of  land.     [Sig. 
r     made  of  rushes.] 

microstylum,    White,   1880,   12th  Rep., 
U.    S.   Sur.   Terr.,    Kinderkook  Gr. 
[Sig.  having  small  stalks.] 
stokesi,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon. 
d.  Pol  foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.,  Carbonifer- 
ous.    [Etv.  proper  name.] 
whitneyi.  Meek.   1875,   Wheeler's   Sur. 
W.  100th  meridian,  vol.  4,  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Lophophyllum  calceula,  see  Zaphrentis  cal- 

ceola. 
Lyellia    americana    is   from  the  Niagara 
Group. 
qlahra,    Owen.  1840    (Sarcinula    glabra), 
Rep.   on  Mineral   Lands,    Devonian. 


POLYPI. 


271 


[Sig.  smooth.]    This  species  was  too 

poorly  defined  for  identification, 
puella,  Davis  (In  press).  Foss.  Corals  of 

Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  young  thing.] 
Michelixia  clappi,   refer  to  Chonostegites 

clappi.   • 
expansa,  White,  1880.  12th  Rep.,  U.  S. 

Geo.    Sur.    Terr.,    Kinderhook    Gr. 

[Sig.  exp  mded.J 
niagarensis.     Davis    (In    press).    Foss. 

Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 

Geo.  Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
placenta,  White,  1880,  12th  Pep.,  U.  S. 

Geo.    Sur.     Terr.,     Kinderhook    Gr. 

[Sig.  a  cake.] 
plana,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 

Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 

Up.   Devonian.     [Sig.  flat,  from  the 

flat  tabulae.] 
prima,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 

Ky.,  in  vol.  l,Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  first.] 
trochiscus,  Rominger,  is  a  syn.  for  Pleu- 

rodictyum  americanum. 
Milleria,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 

Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
laminata,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 

of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 

Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig    arranged  in 

thin  plates.] 
Moxograptus  convolutus  var.  coppingeri, 

Etheridge.   1878,    Quar.    Jour.   Geo. 

Soc,  vol.  34,  Silurian.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Monotrypa,  Nicholson,  1879,  Pal.  Tab.  Cor., 

p.   320.    Proposed  as  a  subgenus  of 

Monticnlipora. 
Monticulipora  andrewsi,  Nicholson,  1881, 

Struct,  and   Affin.  of  Montic,   Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.]      This 

is    supposed  to  be  the  type   of  M. 

fibrosa, 
barrandei  should  be  referred  to  the  Ham. 

Gr. 
briareus  belongs  to  the  Utica  Slate  Gr., 

and  so  far  as  known,  does  not  pass  up 

into  the  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
calceolus.  Miller  &   Dyer,   1878,   Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  shoe.] 
dawsoni,   Nicholson,  1881,   Struct,    and 

Affin.  of  Montic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
elegans,  Ulrica,  1879  (Chetetes  elegans), 

Jour.   Cin.   Soc.   Nat.   Hist.,  vol.   2, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
filiasa,  D'Orbigny,  1850,  Prodr.  de  Pal. 

Hud.    Riv.     Gr.      [Sig.    having    off- 
shoots.] 
fietcheri  is  not  an  American  species, 
granulifera,  Ulrich,  1879  (Chetetes  gran- 

uliferus).  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist., 

vol.  2,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  grain  bear- 
ing-] 
implicata,   Nicholson,  1881,  Struct,  and 


Affin.  of  Montic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  implicated.] 
Monticulipora  irregularis,  Ulrich,  1879, 
(Chetetes  irregularis,)  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
irregular.] 

molesta,  Nicholson,  1881,  Struct,  and 
Affin.  of  Montic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
troublesome.]  Syn.  for  M.  mammu- 
lata(?). 

moniliformis,  instead  of  Chetetes  moni- 
liformis. 

multituberculata,  Whitfield,  1878.  Ann. 
Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis..  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[•Sig.  having  many  tubercles.] 

petasiformis,  Nicholson,  1881,  Struct, 
and  Affin.  of  Montic,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  like  a  broad-brimmed  hat.] 

punctata,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
punctured.] 

ramosa,  D'Orbigny,  1850,  Prodr.  d. 
Pal.,  t.  1,  .p.  25,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  ramose.] 

rectangularis,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
rectangular.] 

selwyni,  Nicholson,  1881,  Struct,  and 
Affin.  of  Montic,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

selwyni,  var.  hospitalis,  Nicholson,  1881, 
Struct,  and  Affin.  of  Montic,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  relating  to  a  guest.] 

subglobosa,,  Ulrich,  1879  (Chetetes  sub- 
globosus),  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist., 
vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  subglo- 
bosc] 

trentonensis,  Nicholson,  1881,  Struct,  and 
Affin.  of  Montic,  Trent.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

ulrichi,  Nicholson,  1881,  Structure  and 
Affinities  of  the  genus  Monticulipora, 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name] 
Nicholson  subdivided  the  genus  Mon- 
ticulipora in  the  above  mentioned 
work  into  six  subgenera,  viz. :  He- 
terotrypa,  Diplotrypa,  Monotrypa,  Pras- 
opora,  and  Peronopora.  I  endeavored 
to  show,  in  a  notice  of  the  work,  pub- 
lished in  the  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat. 
Hist.,  vol.  5,  that  this  subdivision  of 
the  genus  is  of  very  little  if  any  value. 

undulata,  Nicholson,  1875  (Chetetes  un- 
dulatus)  Pal.  of  Ontario,  Hud.  Riv. 
Gr.     [Sig.  undulated.] 

venusta,  Ulrich,  1878  (Chetetes  venus- 
tus),  Jour.  Cin.  Soc  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 
1,  Utica  Slate  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

whiteavesi,  Nicholson,  1881,  Struct,  and 
Affin.  of  Montic,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
Nicholsonia,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Cor- 
als of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.     [Ety.  proper  name  ] 

angulata,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
ofKy.,in  vol  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Mid.  Devonian  [Sig.  having 
angles.] 


272 


POLYPI. 


Omphyma  verrucosa,  should  be  credited  to 
Rafinesque  and  Clifford,  1820,  Monog. 
d.  Turbinolides  in  Ann.  d.  phys.  d. 
Brux.,  t.  5. 

Pachypora,  Lindstrom    1873,  Ofversigt  af 
K.   Vetensk.  Akad.  Forhandl.    [Ety. 
pachys,  thick;  poros,  a  pore.] 
fischeri  instead  of  Alveolites  flscheri. 
frondosa  instead  of  Alveolites  frondosus. 

Pal^eocyclus  was  defined  in  Comptes  ren- 
dus,  t.  29. 

Peronopora,  Nicholson,  1881,  Struct,  and 
Affln.  of  Montic.  Proposed  as  a  sub- 
genus of  Monticulipora. 

Phillipsastrea  ingens  Davis,  (In  press), 
Foss.  Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal. 
Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
very  large.] 
mamillaris  refer  to  Strombodes  maniill- 
aris. 

PLEURODiCTYUMamericanum.  Rcemer,  1876, 
Lethsea  Palaeozotea,  pi.  33,  figs.  2a  and 
2b,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

Plxjmalina  is  refered  by  Prof.  Hall  to  the 
family  Plumularidae. 
densa,    Hall,    1879,    30th  Rep.,   N.  Y. 
State    Museum,     Ham.    Gr.       [Sig. 
dense.] 

Prasopora,  Nicholson  &  Etheridge,  1877, 
Ann.  and  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.,  4th  ser., 
vol.  20,  p.  38.  A  subgenus  of  Mon- 
ticulipora including  M.  selwyni,  and 
M.  selwyni  var.  hospi talis. 

Procteria,  Davis  (In  press,),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.  '  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
inichelinoidea,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky..  in  vol.  1.  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Mid.  Devonian.  [Sig.  re- 
sembling Michelinia.] 
papulosa,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Mid.  Devonian.  [Sig.  having 
small  prominences.] 

Ptilograptus  foliaceus,  Spencer,  1878, 
Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
leafy.] 

Ptychophyllum    coniferum,    Davis     (In 
press),  Foss.  Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1, 
Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur.,  Low.  Devon- 
ian.    [Sig.  cone  bearing.] 
diaphragma,    Davis    (In    press),     Foss 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.   Sur.,  Low.   Devonian.     [Sig.  a 
diaphragm.] 
floriforme,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  flower  formed.] 
fulcratum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  stayed  with  props.] 
infundibulum,  Meek,   1877,  U.   S.  Geo. 
Sur.,  40th  parallel,  Devonian.     [Sig. 
a  funnel.] 
invaginatum,    Davis    (In    press).   Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.    Sur  ,    Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.    in- 
cased, cup  in  cup.] 


Ptychophyllum ipomoea,  Davis  (In press), 
Foss.  Corals   of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal. 
Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 
a  morning  glory.] 
striatum,  Hall,   1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and   Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous  limestone.     [Sig.  striated.] 
tropceum.      Davis     (In     press),     Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.    Sur..    Low.    Devonian.     [Sig. 
returning.] 
typicum,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Mid.  Devonian.    [Sig.  typical.] 
versiforme,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,   Cornifer- 
ous  limestone.     [Sig.  changeable.] 
Quenstedtia,    Rominger,    1876,    being    pre- 
occupied   by    Morris    &    Lycett,    in 
1853,       Nicholson     proposed    Rom- 
ingeria. 
Rhizograptus,   Spencer,   1878,  Can.  Nat., 
vol.   8.     [Ety.   riza,  a  root;   grapho, 
to  write.] 
bulbosus,  Spencer,  1878,  Can.  Nat.,  vol. 
8,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  bulbous.] 
Romingeria,     Nicholson,     1879,    Tabulate 
Corals.     Proposed  instead  of  Quen- 
stedtia, Rominger,   which  was  pre- 
occupied, 
fascieulata,     Davis     (In    press),    Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky..  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.    Sur.,    Mid.    Devonian.      [Sig. 
arranged  in  little  bundles.] 
inerustans,     Davis     (In    press),     Foss. 
Cords  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Low.  and  Mid.  Devonian. 
[Sig.  incrustating.] 
uva,    Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Surv 
Niagara  Gr.   and    Devonian.       [Sig. 
a  bunch  or  cluster  of  grapes.] 
vannula,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  fan.] 
Sarcinula  glabra,  see  Lyellia  glabra. 
Smithia  hennahi,   Lonsdale,  1840  (Astraea 
hennahi),  Geo.  Trans.,  vol.  5,  Devon- 
ian.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Stellipora   limitaris,   Ulrich,    syn.   for  S. 

antheloidea. 
Strephodes  austini,  see  Clisiophyllum  aus- 
tini. 
pickthorni,     see     Cyathophyllum     pick- 
thorni. 
Streptelasma  aequidistans,  Hall,  1882,  Foss. 
Corals,  Niagara  and  Up.  Held.   Gr., 
Corniferous  limestone.      [Sig.   equi- 
distant.] 
ampliatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  enlarged.] 
coarctatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  compressed.] 
conspicuum,   Hall,   1882,   Foss.   Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  conspicuous.] 


POLYPI. 


273 


Streptelasma  crateriforme,  Hall,  1882, 
Foss  Corals,  Niagara  and  Up.  Held. 
Gr.,  Corniferous  limestone.  [Sig. 
crateriform] 

dissimile,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Schoharie 
Grit.     [Sig.  dissimilar.] 

exstans.  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
projecting.] 

fossnla,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Niag- 
ara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  a  little  ditch.  1 

inflatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  inflated.] 

involutum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr., Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  involuted.] 

lamellatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  lamellated.] 

laterarium,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.  [Sig.  belonging  to  the 
side.] 

limitare,  Hall.  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[big.  that  is  on  the  border.] 

mammiferum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.  [Sig.  mamma  bear- 
ing-] 

minimum,  syn.  for  Duncanella  borealis. 

papillatum,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  papillated.] 

simplex,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  simple.] 

tenue,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous  lime- 
stone. [Sig.  slender.] 
Striatopora  alba,  Davis  (In  press)  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Mid.  and  Up.  Devonian. 
[Sig.  White.] 

formosa,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Jour.,  vol. 
5,  Corniferous  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
Stromatocerium  is  a  sponge,  and  belongs  to 

the  Protista. 
Stromatopora  is  a  sponge,  and  belongs  to  the 
Protista. 

alternata  is  Stomatopora  alternata. 

hindei  belongs  to  the  Niagara  Gr. 
Strombodes    incertus,    Davis    (In  press), 
Foss.   Corals  of  Kv-.,  in  vol.  1,   Pal. 
Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 
of  doubtful  affinity.] 

intermedins,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  inter- 
mediate, between  S.*pentagonus  and 
S.  mammillatus.] 

knotti,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky.  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Low.  and  Mid.  Devonian.  lEty. 
proper  name.] 


Strombodes  mammillatus  should  be  written 

5.  mamillaris,  Owen,  1840  (Astrsea 
mamillaris),  Rep.  on  Min.  Lands,  Ni- 
agara Gr. 

quadrangularis,  Davis  (In  press).  Foss. 

Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 

Geo.   Sur.   Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.   four 

angled.] 
sinemurus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss  Corals 

of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.   St.  Geo. 

Sur.,   Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.  without  a 

wall.] 
unicus,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 

Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  single.] 
Stylastrea,  Lonsdale,  1845,  Geol.  and  Pal. 

of  Russia  and  the  Ural  Mountains. 

[Ety.  stylos,  a  pillar;  aster,  a  star.] 
anna,  Whitfield,  1882,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad. 

Sci.,  vol.  2.   Up.  Held.   Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Syringolites,  Hinde,  1879,  Geo.  Mag.  vol. 

6.  [Ety.  syrinx,  a  pipe ;  lithos,  stone.] 
huronensis,    Hinde,    1879,    Geo.   Mag., 

vol.  6,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Syringopora  aulopora,  Salter,  1855,  Bel- 
cher's last  of  the  Arctic  Voyages, 
vol.  2.  Carboniferous.  [Sig.  a  porous 
pipe.] 

harveyi  belongs  to  the  Choteau  or  Kin- 
derhook  Gr. 

infundibulum,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann. 
Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  funnel.] 

intermedia  is  from  the  Ham.  Gr. 

parallela,  Etheridge,  1878,  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc,  vol.  34,  Up.  Sil.  [Sig. 
parallel.] 

stramine*,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Low.  Devonian.  [Sig.  a  bundle 
of  straws.] 
THAMNOGRAPTUsbartonensis,  Spencer,  1878, 
Can.  Nat.,  vol.  8,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
Trachypora  ornata  instead  of  Dendropora 

ornata. 
Trochophyllum,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851, 
Mon.  d.  Pol.  foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.    [Ety. 
trochos,  a  wheel;  phyllon,  a  leaf.] 

verneuilianum,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851, 
Mon.  d.  Pol.  foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.,  Sub- 
carboniferons.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Zaphrentis  acuta,  White  &  Whitfield, 
1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 
9,  Marshall  or  Choteau  Gr.  [Sig. 
acute.] 

annulata,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.    [Sig.  annulated.] 

calcariformis,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  spur  formed.] 

calceola,  White  and  Whitfield,  1862  (Lo- 
phophvllum  calceola),  Proc.  Bost. 
Soc,  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  9,  Marshall  or 
Choteau  Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  shoe.] 


274 


POLYPI. 


Zaphrextis  cannonensis,  Winchell,  is  from 
the  Choteau  or  Kinderhook  Gr. 

casssedayi,  Milne-Edwards,  1860,  Hist, 
d.  Corallaires,  t.  3,  Warsaw  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name  ] 

centralis,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon. 
d.  Pol.  Foss.  cl.  Terr.  Pal.,  Carbon- 
iferous.    [Sig.  central.] 

cliffordana,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1>51, 
Mon.  d.  Pol.  Foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.,  Car- 
boniferous.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

colletti,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals.  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous  lime- 
stone.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

complanata,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  made  even.] 

compressa,  Milne-Edwards,  1860,  Hist, 
d.  Corallaires,  t.  3,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig. 
compressed.] 

concava,  Hall.  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  concave.] 

constricta,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  constricted.] 

contorta,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  <  orniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  contorted.] 

convoluta,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  convoluted.] 

cornalba,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur..  Up.  Devonian.  [Sig.  white 
horn.] 

cornicula,  Lesueur,  1820,  Mem.  du 
Museum,  vol.  1,  instead  of  cornicu- 
lum,  Edwards  &  Haime. 

corrugata,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Schoharie 
Grit.     [Sig.  corrugated.] 

cristulata,  Hall,  1882.  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  small  crested.] 

curvata,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  curved.] 

cyathiformis,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous Gr.     [Sig.  cup-shaped.] 

dalei,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon.  d. 
Pol.  Foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.,  Subcarbon- 
iferous.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

denticulata,  d'Eichwald,  1857.  Probably 
not  American. 

desori,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon. 
d.  Pol.  Foss.  de  Terr.  Pal.,  Low. 
Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

duplicata,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  duplicated.] 

elegans,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  elegant.] 

elliptica,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
ofKy.,in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.   Geo. 


Sur.,   Low.   Devonian..    [Sig.   ellip- 
tical.] 
Zaphrextis  excentrica,   Meek,  1872,  Hay- 
den's   U.   S.   Geo.   Sur.  Terr.,    Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.  excentric] 

exigua,  var.  elongata,  Davis  (In  press), 
Foss  Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal. 
Ky.,  St.  Geo.  Sur.,  Low.  Devonian. 
[Sig.  lengthened.] 

exilis.  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Mid.  Devonian.     [Sig.  thin,  fragile.] 

explanata,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Up  Devonian.  [Sig.  spread 
out.] 

fastigata,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  pointed.] 

foliata.  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  leafy.] 

frequentata,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  frequent. j 

fusiformis,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cor- 
niferous limestone.     [Sig.  fusiform.] 

gallicalcar,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1.  Pal  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Up.  Devonian.  [Sig. 
cock's  spur.] 

genitiva,  Billings,  1875,  Can.  Nat.  and 
Quar.  Jour.,  vol.  7,  Corniferous  Gr. 
[Sig.  original.] 

gigantea,  Lesueur,  1820,  Mem.  du 
Museum,  vol.  6,  instead  of  Kafinesque. 

glans  refer  to  Hadrophyllunrglans. 

gravis,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  ponderous.] 

halli,  Edwards  &  Haime,  Mon.  d.  Pol. 
foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

haysi,  Meek,  1865,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  & 
Arts,  2d  ser.,  vol.  40,  Low.  Held.  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

herzeri,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

immanis,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Mid.  Devonian.  [Sig.  im- 
mense.] 

insequalis,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cor- 
niferous limestone.     [Sig.  unequal.] 

inclinata,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  inclined.] 

irregularis,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cor- 
niferous limestone.     [Sig.  irregular.] 

knappi,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

latisinus,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.   Corals,  Ni- 


POLYPI. 


275 


agara  and  Up.  Held.  Gi\,  Niagara 
Gr  [Sig.  having  a  wide  sinus.] 
Zaphrextis  linneyi,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1.  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo  Sur.,  Devonian.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

niaconathi,  Davis  (In  press).  Foss.  Cor- 
als of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Low.  and  Mid.  Devonian.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

marcoui,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon. 
d.  Pol:  Foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

nettlerotni,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss. 
Corals  of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St. 
Geo.  Sur.,  Up.  Devonian.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

nitida,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous  limestone.     [Sig.  neat.] 

obliqua,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky..  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  oblique,  in- 
clined.] 

offleyensis,  Etheridge,  1878,  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.,  vol.  34,  Up.  Sil.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

ovalis,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous  lime- 
stone.    [Sig.  oval.] 

ovibos,  Salter,  1855,  Belcher's  last  of  the 
Arctic  voyages,  vol.  2,  Carboniferous. 
[Sig.  the  musk  ox.] 

patella,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Hud.  Kiv.  and  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  a 
dish.] 

planima,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  plane.] 

ponderosa,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  ponderous.] 

pressula,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  somewhat  compressed.] 

profunda,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.     [Sig.  profound.] 

prona,  Milne-Edwards,  1860,  Hist.  d. 
Corollaires,  Warsaw  Gr.  [Sig.  bent 
forward.] 

pulmonea,  Lesueur,  1820  (Caryophyllia 
pulmonea,  Mem.  du  Museum,  vol.  6, 
Carboniferous.     [Sig.  spongy.] 

racinensis,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann.  Kep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name  ] 

rafinesquei,    Edwards    &  Haime,   1851, 


Mon.  d.  Pol.  foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.,  Up, 
Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Zaphrextis  rigida,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara 
Gr.  [Sig.  rigid.] 

roemeri,  Edwards  &  Haime,  1851,  Mon. 
d.  Pol.  foss.  d.  Terr.  Pal.,  Delthyris 
shale.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

scutella,  Davis  vln  press),  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Hud.Eiv.  and  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
a  saucer.] 

sentosa,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous  lime- 
stone.    [Sig.  thorny.] 

socialis,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur. 
Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  gregarious,  soci- 
able.] 

spissa,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous  lime- 
stone.    [Sig.  dense.] 

subcompressa,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.  [Sig.  somewhat  com- 
pressed. 1 

subvada,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  somewhat  shallow.] 

subvesicularis,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals, 
Niagara  and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Niagara, 
Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  vesicular.] 

tabulata,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  tabulated.]    ' 

torquata,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals 
ofKy.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Mid.  Devonian.     [Sig.  twisted.] 

torta,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Niagara 
and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Corniferous 
limestone.    [Sig.  twisted.] 

transversa,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.     [Sig.  transverse.] 

trigemma,  Davis  (In press).  Foss.  Corals 
of  Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo. 
Sur.,  Low.  and  Mid.  Devonian.  [Sig. 
bearing  three  buds.] 

trisutura,  Hall,  1882,  Foss  Corals,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.  [Sig.  having  three 
sutures.] 

unica,  Davis  (In  press),  Foss.  Corals  of 
Ky.,  in  vol.  1,  Pal.  Ky.  St.  Geo.  Sur., 
Low.  Devonian.  [Sig.  unique,  ex- 
traordinary.] 

venusta,  Hall,  1882,  Foss.  Corate,  Ni- 
agara and  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  Cornifer- 
ous limestone.    [Sig.  beautiful.] 


276  ECHINODERMATA. 


CLASS    ECHINODERMATA. 


ORDER    CRINOIDEA. 

FAMILY  ACROCRINID^.— Acrocrinus. 

FAMILY  ACTINOCRINID^E.— Actinocrinus,  Agaricocrinus,  Alloprosallocrinus,  Am- 

phoraerinus,  Batocrinus,  Ctelocrinus,  Dorycrinus,  Eretmocrinus,  Gennseocrinus, 

Megistocrinus,  Physetocrinus,  Saccocrinus,  Steganocrinus,  Stereocrinus,  Stroto- 

crinus,  Teleiocrinus. 
FAMILY  ALLAGECRINID^E.— Allagecrinus. 
FAMILY  ANCYROCRINID^E.— Ancyrocrinus. 
FAMILY  BELEMNOCRINID^.-Belemnocrinus. 
FAMILY  CALCEOCRINLTLE.— Calceocrinus,  Eucheirocrinus. 
FAMILY  CALYPTOCRINID^E.— Eucalyptocrinus,  Hypanthocrinus. 
FAMILY  CUPRESSOCRINID^E.— Aspidocrinus,  Edriocrinue,  Synbathocrinus. 
FAMILY  CYATHOCRINID^E.— Ampheristocrinus,  Arachnocrinus,  Barycrinus,  Cara- 

bocrinus,  Cyathocrinus,  Mpterocrinus,  Pachyocrinus,  Palfeocrinus,  Vasocrinus. 
FAMILY  DIMEROCRINID^E.— Cytocrinus,  Dolatocrinus,  Macrostylocrinus. 
FAMILY  GASTEROCOMID^E.— Myrtillocrinus. 
FAMILY  GLYPTOCRINID.E.— Archadocrinus,    Cupulocrinns,    Glyptaster,    Glypto- 

crinus,  Lampterocrinus,  Retiocrinus,  Xenocrinus. 
FAMILY  HAPLOCRINID^.— Coccocrinus,  Haplocrinus. 

FAMILY  HETEROCRLNTD^E.— Erisocrinus,  Graphiocrinus,  Hetei*ocrinus,  Iocrinus. 
FAMILY  HYBOCRLSriDJE.— Anomalocrinus,  Hybocrinus. 
FAMILY  ICHTHYOORINID^E.— Cleiocrinus,  Homalocrinus,  Ichthyocrinus,  Lecan- 

ocrinus,  Mespilocrinus. 
FAMILY  MELOCRINTD^E. — Ctenocrinus,  Mariacrinus,  Melocrinus,  Technocrinus. 
FAMILY  PISOCRINID^E.— Catillocrinus,  Pisocrinus. 
FAMILY  PLATYCRINID./E.— Cordylocrinus,  Cotyledonocrinus,  Dichocrinus,  Euclad- 

ocrinus,  Marsupiocrinus,  Platycrinus,  Pterotocrinus,  Talarocrirms. 
FAMILY  POTERIOCRINIDJE— Agassizocrinus,  Bursacrinus,  Coeliocrinus,  Cromyo- 

crinus,  Decadocrinus,   Dendrocrinus,   Eupachycrinus,  Homocrinue,   Hydreiono- 

crinus,  Pachy Iocrinus,   Parisocrinus,   Porocrinus,   Poteriocrinus,   Scaphiocrinus, 

Scytalocrinus,  Zeacrinus. 
FAMILY  RHODOCRINIDiE. — Goniasteroidocrinus,   Hadrocrinus,  Lyriocrirms,  Rho- 

docrinus,  Thysanocrinus. 
FAMILY  STELIDOCRINID^.— Schizocrinus. 

FAMILY  TAXOCRINID^E.— Forbesiocrinus,  Onychocrinus,  Taxocrinus. 
FAMILY  AFFINITY    UNCERTAIN.— Brachiocrinus,    Closterocrinus,    Cystocrinus, 

Dictyocrinus,  Syringocrinus. 

ORDER    CYSTOIDEA. 

FAMILY  AMYGDALOCYSTID^E.— Amygdalocystites,  Malocystites,  Palseocystites. 
FAMILY  ANOMALOCYSTID^E.— Anomalocystites,  Ateleocystites. 
FAMILY  CARYOCRINID^E.— Caryocrinus,  Heterocystites. 
FAMILY  COMAROCYSTIDJE.— Comarocystites. 
FAMILY  ECHINOCYSTID^E.— Echinocystites. 


ECHIXODERMATA.  277 


FAMILY  GOMPHOCYSTIL^E.— Gomphocystites. 

FAMILY  HOLOCYSTTD^.— Crinoeystites,  Holocystites. 

FAMILY  HYBOCYSTID^E.— Hybocystites. 

FAMILY  LEPADOCRIXID^E.— Apiocystites,  Callocystites,  Echino-encrinites,  Glyp- 

tocystites,    Lepadocrinus,    Pleurocystites,    Sphaerocystites. 
FAMILY  UXCERTAIX.— Eoeystites. 

ORDER    BLASTOIDEA. 

FAMILY  XUCLEOCRIXID^E.— Xucleocrinus. 

FAMILY  PEXTREMITID^E.— Blastoidocrinus,  Granatocrinus,  Pentremites,  Troosto- 

crinus. 
FAMILY  STEPHAXOCRIXID^E  — Codaster,  Codonites,   Eleutherocrinus,    Stephan- 

ocrinus. 

ORDER     PERISHO-ECHINID^E. 

FAMILY  ARCHyEOCIDARID^E.— Archaeocidaris,  Eocidaris,  Lepidocldaris,  Pholido- 

eidaris. 
FAMILY  LEPIDECHIXID^.— Lepidechinus,  Lepidesthes. 
FAMILY  PAL^ECHIXID^.— Melonites,  Oligoporus,  Palaechinus. 

ORDER     ASTEROIDEA. 

FAMILY  P  A  L^E  A  STERTD^B , — Onychaster,     Palaeaster,    Palaeasterina,      Petraster, 
Schaenaster,  Stenaster. 

ORDER     OPHIUROIDEA. 

Eugaster,  Palaeocoma,  Protaster,  Ptilonaster,  Teeniaster. 

ORDER    AGELACRINOIDEA,  n.  ord.  and  n,  fam. 

This  order  is  proposed  to  include,  so  far  as  known,  only  the  family  Agelacrinidae,  and 
each  may,  therefore,  be  defined  as  follows : 

Body  thin,  circular  and  parasitic  upon  other  objects.  The  lower  side  consists  of  a 
thin,  smooth,  attaching  membrane  or  plate.  The  upper  side  is  more  or  less  convex,  and 
composed  of  thin,  squamiform  or  imbricating  plates,  usually  much  smaller  at  the  per- 
iphery than  toward  the  center.  Ambulacra  constituting  part  of  the  convex  surface 
furrowed  on  the  interior,  and  composed  of  a  double  series  of  transverse  alternating  plates, 
sometimes  having  smaller,  middle,  intercalated  ones.  Two  or  more  rows  of  ambulacral 
pores  connect  the  exterior  with  the  interior  of  each  ambulacrum.  The  so-called  ovarian 
or  anal  aperture  is  situated  in  one  of  the  inter-ambulacral  areas,  and  is  usually  surrounded 
by  cuneiform  plates  forming  a  depressed  circular  prominence.  The  genera  belonging  to 
this  order  and  family  are  Agelacrinus,  Edrioaster  and  Hemicy6tites. 

ORDER    LICHENOCRINOIDEA,  n.  ord.  and  n.  fam. 

This  division  of  the  fossil  Echinodermata,  and  the  family  Lichenocrinidae,  are 
established  upon  the  genus  Lichenocrinus. 

The  definition  of  the  order  and  family  will  be  the  same,  as  both  are  founded  on  a 
single  genus. 

The  body  attached  during  part  or  all  of  its  life  to  foreign  objects.  It  is  circular,  con- 
vex upon  the  upper  side,  and  more  or  less  crateriform  surrounding  the  central  stalk-like 
appendage.  The  lower  side  at  some  period  of  life  possessed  a  thin  attaching  plate.  The 
upper  side  is  covered  with  numerous  polygonal  plates,  without  any  evidence  of  the 
presence  of  ambulacra,  arms,  mouth,  pectinated  rhombs  or  pores  connecting  the  exterior 
with  the  internal  cavity.    The  interior  of  the  visceral. cavity  contains  numerous  radiating 


278  ECHIXODEEMATA. 


upright  lamellae  that  support  the  polygonal  plates  of  the  upper  side,  and  often  leave  their 
impression,  like  the  radiations  of  a  star,  upon  the  object  to  which  it  was  attached.  The 
stalk  rises  from  the  central  depressed  area,  and  consists,  at  first,  of  interlocking  plates, 
hut,  afterward,  of  circular  ones,  like  those  of  a  crinoid  column,  and  finally  tapers  to  a 
point.  It  was  flexible  and  perforated  with  a  longitudinal  channel,  though  the  perforation 
has  not  been  satisfactorily  ascertained  at  the  upper  terminating  point. 

ORDER  MYELODA.CTYLOIDEA,  n.  ord. 
This  division  of  the  fossil  Echinodermata  is  established  as  follows : 
Body  free,  discoidal,  and  possessed  of  an  internal  radiating  system  of  pores,  which 
increase,  by  division,  from  the  center  to  a  tubular  channel  in  the  circular  margin  or  sur- 
rounding coil.  There  are  two  families  referred  to  this  order,  the  Myelodactylidae  and 
the  Oyclocystoididae.  In  the  former,  the  radiating  and  circular  systems  become  com- 
plicated, by  the  connection,  between  succeeding  coils  and  through  the  flattened  connect- 
ing finger-like  processes ;  in  the  latter,  the  arrangement  is  more  simple,  as  the  interior 
radiations  connect  with  a  single  marginal  circular  system.  The  external  form  and  in- 
ternal structure  are  so  essentially  distinct  from  other  well  defined  orders,  that  the  tech- 
nical names,  used  in  description,  have  no  ascertained  application.  That  is,  we  can  not 
intelligently  apply  the  words  calyx,  ambulacra,-  arm,  etc.,  to  any  part  of  these  peculiar 
organisms.  This  order  has  been  suggested  with  hesitation,  because  there  still  exists  a 
possibility  that  My elodaetylus  belongs,  in  some  manner,  to  the  vault  of  a  crinoid,  but 
the  author  thinks  there  is  not  much  probability  of  such  connection. 

FAMILY  MYELODACTYLIDGE,  n.  /am. 
This  family  is  founded  upon  the  single  genus  Myelodactylus,  and  defined  as  follows  : 
Body  free,  discoidal,  and  resembling  a  coil  rolled  in  the  same  plane,  and  covered 
upon  either  side  by  finger-like  processes  from  each  succeeding  turn  overlapping  the 
next  inner  one.  The  whorls  are  composed  of  a  series  of  plates,  having  a  tubular  channel 
within,  and  perforated  and  finger-like  processes  upon  the  exterior,  directed  toward  the 
center,  and  flattened  down  upon  the  next  inner  whorl  to  which  they  are  attached,  and 
form  a  porous  connection  from  the  tubular  channel  of  one  Avhorl  to  the  next  inner  one. 
The  cast  of  the  pores  of  the  inner  whorl  resemble  the  radiating  spokes  of  a  wheel :  they 
are  multiplied  in  connecting  the  tubular  channels  of  each  succeeding  whorl,  thus  making 
the  internal  radiating  system  doubly  complicated.  The  central  aperture,  if  one  exists, 
has  not  been  discovered,  and  the  structure  of  the  terminal  end  of  the  anonnlous  coil  is 
wholly  unknown.  The  internal  radiating  system  of  pores  may  be  compared  with  that 
of  the  family  Cyclocystoididfe,  and  here  the  analogy  in  structure,  with  other  families  in 
the  class  Echinodermata,  so  far  as  known,  ceases.  The  terminal  end  of  the  coil  being 
unknown  hus  led  to  the  suggestion  of  the  possibility  of  its  having  been  connected  with 
the  vault  of  a  crinoid,  but  as  no  genus  is  known  having  any  such  appendage,  and  some 
classification  seeming  desirable,  this  family  has  been  proposed.  ' 

FAMILY  CYCLOCYSTOIDID^E,  n.  fam. 
~  This  family  is  founded  upon  the  single  genus  Cyclocystoides,  and  defined  as  follows : 
Body  free,  consisting  of  a  circular  disk,  and  having  a  margin  composed  of  a  series  of 
perforated  plates.  Within  this  marginal  series  the  disk  is  covered  with  an  integument  of 
small  plates,  except,  possibly,  a  small  central  aperture.  The  rim  or  marginal  series 
contains  a  tubular  channel,  making  the  complete  circle,  which  is  connected  with  the  in- 
terior, by  numerous  pores,  that  radiate  from  the  center,  and  repeatedly  bifurcate  be- 
fore reaching  it.  The  inner  side  of  the  rim  is  grooved,  for  the  reception  of  the  internal 
part  of  the  disk,  and  the  outer  side  depressed  and  scarred,  either  by  mammillary  eleva- 
tions or  concave  depressions,  as  if  for  the  attachment  of  ossicular  or  other  processes. 
The  tubular  channel  is  connected  with  the  exterior  by  minute  circular  pores  which  were 
probably  analagous,  in  their  purpose,  to  the  calycine  pores  in  the  Cystidese. 


ECHIXODERMATA. 


271) 


Acrocrixus  wortheni,  Waehsmuth,  1S82, 
Bull.  Xo.  1,  111.  St.  Mug.  Xat.  Hist., 
Coal  Mess.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Actixocrixus  andrewsanus,  McChesney, 
1860,  Xew  Pal.  Foss.,  Up.  Burling- 
ton Gr.  [Ety  proper  name.]  Waehs- 
nmth  refers  it  to  Batoerinus. 
biturbinatus,  refer  to  Batoerinus  bitur- 

binatus. 
brevis,  refer  to  Agaricocrinus  brevis. 
ruhjculus,  refer  to  Batoerinus  ealyculus. 
co.h/culus  var.  hardinensis, refer  to  Bato- 

crinus  ealyculus  var.  haixlinensis. 
caroJi,  refer  to  Batoerinus  caroli. 
dfpeatus}  refer  to  Batoerinus  clypeatus. 
concinnus,  refer    to    Steganocrinus   eon- 

cinnus. 
copei,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Xat.    Hist.,   vol.   4,    Burlington    Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
coreyils  from  the  Keokuk  Gr.,  and  was 

described  in  1860. 
coronatus,  refer  to  Eretmocrinus  corona- 

tus. 
dalyanus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.   Xat.   Hist.,   vol.   4,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ectypus  instead  of  -Strotocrinus  ectypus. 
jiscellus,  refer  to  Agaricocrinus  fiscellus. 
hageri,  refer  to  Batoerinus  hageri. 
helice,  refer  to  Agaricocrinus  helice. 
helice   var.   eris,   refer  to  Agaricocrinus 

eris. 
indianensis  is  from  the  Keokuk  Gr.  It 
was  described  in  1860,  and  should 
be  referred  to  Batoerinus  indianensis. 
leucosia,  refer  to  Eretmocrinus  leucosia. 
meeki,  refer  to  Macrostylocrinus  meeki. 
multicornis  was  described  in  1869,  from 

the  Up.  Held.  Gr. 
nashcillce,  refer  to  Batoerinus  nashvillse. 
nashvillce  var.  subtractus,  refer  to  Bato- 
erinus nashvillae  var.  subtractus. 
obpyramidalis,   refer  to  Melocrinus    ob- 

pyramidalis. 
pentaspinus  was  described  in  1869,  from 

the  Up.  Held.  Gr. 
pyramidatus,  refer  to  Agaricocrinus  pyra- 

midatus. 
pyriformis  var.  rudis,  being  preoccupied 
the  fossil  was  afterward  named  Bato- 
erinus pistilliformis. 
ramulosus,  refer  to  Eretmocrinus  ramu- 

losus. 
rotundas,  refer  to  Batoerinus  rotundus. 
sculptus,  refer  to  Steganocrinus  sculptus. 
sillimani,  is  a  syn.  for  A.  scitulus. 
similis,  refer  to  Batoerinus  similis. 
steropes,  refer  to  Batoerinus  steropes. 
tenuisculptus,    McChesney,    1867,  Chi., 
Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  1,  Low.  Burlington 
Gr.     [Sig.  finely  sculptured.] 
ventricosus,  refer  to  Physetocrinus  ven- 
tricosus. 
ventricosus  var.  cancellatus,  refer  to  Phy- 
setocrinus ventricosus  var.  cancella- 
tus. 
ventricosus  var.  internodus,  refer  to  Phy- 


setocrinus  ventricosus   var.  interno- 
dus. 
Actixocrixus    icachsmuthi,    White,    1862, 
syn.  for  A.  scitulus. 
wachsmuthi,  White,  1880,  12th  Pep.  U. 
S.  Geo.  Sur.  Terr.,  Keokuk  Gr.     Ety. 
proper  name.] 
yandelli,  is  from  the  Keokuk  Gr. 
Agaricocrixus  americanus  is  found  in  the 
Burlington  and  Keokuk  Groups, 
brevis  instead  of  Actinocrinus  brevis. 
crassus,  Wetherby,  1881,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Xat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig. 
thick.] 
elegans,  Wetherbv,  1881,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Xat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig. 
elegant  ] 
eris,  Hall,  1864,  17th  Kep.X.  Y.  St.  Cab. 
Xat.  Hist.  (Actinocrinus  helice  var. 
eris),    Waverly    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 
name.] 
fiscellus  instead  of  Actinocrinus  fiscell- 
us. 
helice  instead  of  Actinocrinus  helice. 
pyramidatus    instead    of.    Actinocrinus 

pyramidatus. 
springeri,  White,  1882,  11th  Kep.   Geo. 
&  Xat.  Hist.   Indiana,   Keokuk  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Agassizocrixus  hemisphericus,  Worthen, 
1882,  Bull.  Xo.  1,  111.  St.  Mus.  Xat. 
Hist.,    Kaskaskia  Gr.      [Sig.    hemi- 
spherical.] 
papillatus,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull    Xo.  1, 
111.   St.  Mus.   Xat.  Hist.,  Kaskaskia 
Gr.    [Sig.  shaped  like  a  bud.] 
Agelacrixus    septembrachiatus,  Miller  & 
Dyer,  1878,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Xat.  Hist., 
vol.  1,   Hud.  Eiv.  Gr.    [Sig.  seven 
armed.] 
Allagecrixus,    Etheridge    &    Carpenter, 
1881,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Xat.  Hist.     [Ety. 
allage,  a  change;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
carpenteri,  Wachsmuth,  1882,  Bull.  Xo. 
1,  111.  St.  Mus.  Xat.  Hist.,  Kaskaskia 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Alloprosallocrixus    euconus,    see    Bato- 
erinus euconus. 
Ampheristocrixus,  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  Xew. 
Spec.  Foss.   [Ety.  ampheristos,  doubt- 
ful, disputed;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
typus,  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  Xew  Spec.  Foss., 
Xiagara  Gr.     [Sig.  the  type.] 
Amphoracrixus  planobasalis  was  described 
in  1860,  in  Supp.  to  Geo.  Kep.  Iowa. 
quadrispinus  is  a  syn.  for  A.  divergens. 
Amygdalocystites    huntingtoni,   Wether- 
by, 1881,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Xat    Hist., 
vol.  4,  Trenton  Gr.      [Ety.    proper 
name.] 
Axomalocrixus  caponiformis,  Lyon,  1S69, 
Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc,  vol.  13,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  capon  formed.] 
incurvus  is  from  the  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
vxo.mai.ocystites  balanoides  is   from  the 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 


2S0 


ECHINOBERMATA. 


Anomaloides.   Ulrich,  1878,  Jour.  Gin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1.    This  is  a  poorly 

constructed  word  for  a  generic  name, 

beside  the  fossil  is  a  fragment  and 

not  understood. 
reticulates,  Ulrich,  1878,  Jour.  Cin.   Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig. 

reticulated.] 
Arachxocrlxus,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1866, 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  2.     [Ety.   arachne, 

a  spider;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
bulbosus,   instead  of  Cyathocrinus  bul- 

bosus. 
extensus,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer,  1879, 

Revision  of  the  Palaeocrinoidea,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  extended.] 
knappi,  Wachsmuth   &   Springer,   1879, 

Rev.  of  the  Palaeocrinoidea,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
pisiformis,  instead  of  Poteriocrinus  pisi- 

f or  mis. 
Arch^eocidaris  dininni,  White,  1880,  Proc. 

U.   S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  2,  Up.   Coal 

Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
keokuk  is  from  the  Keokuk  Gr. 
triplex,  White,  1882,  Rep.  Carb.  Invert. 

Foss.  New  Mex.,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

three-fold.] 
Arcteeocrixus,   Wachsmuth  &   Springer, 

1881,  Proc.   Acad.   Nat.   Sci.       [Ety. 

archaios,  ancient;  krinon,  a  lily.]     A 

generic  name  proposed  for  the  pur- 
pose of  including  Glyptocrinus  lacu- 

nosus,  G.  marginatus,  Thysanocrinus 

microbasilis  and  T.  pyriformis. 
Barycrinus  angulatus  instead  of  Cyatho- 
crinus angulatus. 
bullatus  instead  of  Cyathocrinus  bulla- 

tus. 
cornutu6    instead  of  Caythocrinus  cor- 

nutus. 
crassibrachiatus  instead  of  Cyathocrinus 

crassibrachiatus. 
kelloggi    instead    of  Cyathocrinus    kel- 

loggi. 
magister  instead  of  Cyathocrinus  mag- 

ister. 
multibrachiatus  instead  of  Cyathocrinus 

multibrachiatus. 
rhombiferus    instead    of   Poteriocrinus 

rhombiferus. 
sculptilis  instead  of  Cyathocrinus  sculp- 

ilis. 
solidus  instead  of  Cyathocrinus  solidus. 
spurius  instead  of  Cyathocrinus  spurius. 
stellatus  instead  of  Cyathocrinus  stellat- 

us. 
tumidus  instead  of  Cyathocrinus  tumid- 

us. 
wachsmuthi     instead    of   Cyathocrinus 

wachsmuthi. 
Batocrixus    was    described    in    1854,    by 

Casseday,  in  Deutsche  Zeitscher    d. 

Geol.  Gesellsch,  vol.  6. 
andrewsanus    instead    of   Actinocrinus 

andrewsanus. 
biturbinatus     instead     of   Actinocrinus 

biturbinatus. 


Batocrixus  calyculus  instead  of  Actino- 
crinus calyculus. 

calyculus  var.  hardinensis  instead  of 
Actinocrinus  calyculus  var.  hardin- 
ensis. 

caroli  instead  of  Actinocrinus  caroli. 

cType*tus  instead  of  Actinocrinus  clype- 
atus. 

euconus  instead  of  Alloprosallocrinus 
euconus 

hageri  instead  of  Actinocrinus  hageri. 

indianensis  instead  of  Actinocrinus  in- 
dianehsis. 

lovei,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer,  1881, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

nashvillae  instead  Actinocrinus  nash- 
villae. 

nashvillae  var.  subtractus,  instead  of  Ac- 
tinocrinus nashvillae  var.  subtractus. 

rotundus  instead  of  Actinocrinus  ro- 
tundus. 

similis  instead  of  Actinocrinus   similis. 

steropes  instead  of  Actinocrinus  steropes. 

whitei,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer,  1881, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

yandefli  instead  of  Actinocrinus  yan- 
delli. 
Belemxocrixus  fiorifer,  Wachsmuth  & 
Springer,  1877,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts, 
3d  ser.,  vol.  13,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
flower  bearing.] 

pourtalesi,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer,  1877, 
Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol. 
13,  Burlington  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name. 
Calceockixus  radiculus.  Ringueberg,  1882. 
Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Ni- 
agara Gr.  [Sig.  a  small  root.] 
Centrocrinus,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer.  1881, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Proposed  as  a 
subgenus  under  Actinocrinus  to  in- 
clude A.  multicornis  and  A.  pentas- 
pinus,  but  the  name  was  preoccupied 
by  Austin,  in  1843. 
Codaster  gratiosus,  S.  A.  Miller,  18S0, 
Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2, 
Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  agreeable  ] 

hindei,  Etheridge  &  Carpenter,  1882, 
Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

kentuckiensis  is  from  the  Burlington  Gr. 

pentalobus,  see  Stephanocrinus  pentalo- 
bus. 

pulchellus,  see  Stephanocrinus  pulchell- 
us.  * 

Codoxites  was  described  in  1869,  in  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  It  is  classed  by  Zit- 
tel,  Ludwig.  Carpenter,  and  other 
European  authors,  as  a  syn.  for  Oro- 
phocrinus,  described  by  Von  See- 
bach  in  1864,  in  Nachr.  k.  Gesellsch. 
zu  Gottingen. 

gracilis  should  bear  the  same  date  as  the 
genus. 
Co2liocrixus  cariniferus  instead  of   Zea- 
crinus  cariniferus. 


ECHINODERM  AT  A . 


Cceliocrixus    lyra    instead    of   Zeacrinus 

lyra. 
Comarogystites  shumardi,  var.  obconicus, 

Meek  &  Worthen,  1865,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  obcon- 

ical.] 
Cordylocrixus,  Angelin,  1878,  Icon.  Crin. 

Suec.    [Ety.  kordyle,  a  cudgel;  krinon, 

a  lily.] 
parvus  instead  of  Platycrinus  parvus, 
plumosus  instead  of  Platycrinus   plum- 

osus. 
ramulosus  instead  of  Platycrinus   ram- 

ulosus. 
Crinosoma  antiqua,   Castelnau,   1843,    Syst. 

Sil.     Probably  a  fucoid. 
Cromyocrixus,    Trautschold,    1867,    Crin. 

jung.  Bergkalkes  bei  Moskaw.     [Ety. 

kromyon,  an  onion;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
gracilis,  Wetherby,  1880,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Fat,  Hist.,  vol.  2,  KaskaskiaGr.  [Sig. 

slender.] 
Cupulocrixus,  D'Orbigny,  1850.  Prodr.  d. 

Pal.      Proposed   instead  of    Seypho- 

crinus,   Hall,  that  was  preoccupied, 
heterocostalis    instead    of  Scyphocrinus 

heterocostalis. 
Cyathocrixus  aemulus,  Hall,  1879,   Desc. 

new  spec,    foss.,   Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

emulous.] 
angulatus  refer  to  Barycrinus  angulatus. 
barydactvlus,  'Wachsmuth  &   Springer, 

1878/ Proc.    Acad.    Nat.    Sci.,    Up. 

Burlington  Gr.    [Sig.  heavy  fingered.] 
bulbosus  refer  to  Barycrinus  bulbosus. 
crassibrachiatus  refer  to  Barycrinus  cras- 

sibrachiatus. 
crassus  refer  to  Eupachycrinus  crassus. 
crawfordsvillensis,   S.   A.  Miller,    1882, 

Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,    vol.    5, 

Keokuk,  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
decadactylus  was  described  in  1860,  Am. 

Jour/  Sci.,    vol.    29,    and    from  the 

Keokuk  Gr. 
fasciatus  refer  to  Macrostylocrinus  fasci- 

atus. 
gilesi,    "Wachsmuth    &    Springer,  1878, 

Proc.    Acad.    Nat.   Sci.,    Burlington 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hamiltonensis.  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No. 

1,  111.  St.  Mus.   Nat.   Hist.,   Keokuk 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
han-isi,  S.   A.   Miller,  1880,   Jour.   Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.   2,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
harrod'i,   Wachsmuth   &  Springer,  1879, 

Proc.  Acad.   Nat.   Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
hexadactylus  was  described  in  1860,  from 

the  Keokuk  Gr. 
inaequidactylus,    Whitfield,    1882,    Desc. 

New  Sp.  Foss.  from  Ohio,  Kaskaskia 

Gr.    [Sig.  unequal  fingered.] 
inflexus,  Geinitz,  refer  to  Erisocrinus  in- 

flexus. 
insperatus  is  from  the  Keokuk  Gr. 
kelloggi,  refer  to  Barycrinus  kelloggi. 
magister,  refer  to  Barycrinus  magister. 


Cyathocrixus     marshallensis,     Worthen, 

1882,  Bull.  No.  1,  111.  St.  Mus.  Nat. 

Hist.,  Kinderhook  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 

multibrachiatus,  refer  to  Barycrinus  mul- 

tibrachiatus. 
nucleus  instead  of  Dendrocrinus  nucleus. 
pusillus,  refer  to  Lecanocrinus  pusillus. 
rarus  was  described  in  1869,  from  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr. 
sangamonensis,   refer  to  Eupachycrinus 

sangamonensis. 
sculptilis,  refer  to  Barycrinus  sculptilis. 
solidus,  refer  to  Barycrinus  solidus. 
somersi,   Whitfield,"  1882,    Desc.    New 

Spec,  from  Ohio  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
spurius,  refer  to  Barycrinus  spurius. 
stellatus,  refer  to  Barycrinus  stellatus. 
stillativus,  White,  1880,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat. 

Mus.,   vol.  2,  Up.  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

dropping.] 
tenuibrachiatus,  Lyon,  1869,  Trans.  Am. 

Phil.   Soc,   vol.   13,   Up.  Held.   Gr. 

[Sig.  slender  armed.] 
tumidus,  see  Barycrinus,  tumidus. 
vanhornei,  S.  A."  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
wachsmuthi,  see  Barycrinus  wachsmuthi. 
waldronensis,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Cont. 

to  Pal.   No.  2,  Niagara  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Cyclocystoides  bellulus,  Miller  &  Dyer, 

1878,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist  ,  vol. 

1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
magnus,  Miller  &  Dver,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  large.] 
minus,  Miller  &  Dyer,  Jour.  Cin.   Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,  vol.    1,    Hud.  Riv.    Gr. 

[Sig.  small.] 
mundulus,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Jour. 

Cin.    Soc.   Nat.   Hist.,  vol.   1,   Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  neat,  trim.] 
parvus,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  little.] 
C  ytocrixus  may  be  restored,  as  it  is  doubt- 
ful about  its  being  a  syn.  for  Macro- 
stylocrinus, 
Dexdrocrixus  ancilla,   Hall,  1879,    Desc. 

New  Spec.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  a 

hand-maid.] 
curtus,  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat. 

Hist.,  vol.   2,  Utica  Slate  Gr.     [Sig. 

short.] 
erraticus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.   Nat.  Hist.,   vol.  4",  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  a  wanderer.]  , 

navigiolum,   S.  A.   Miller,   1880,    Jour. 

Cin.   Soc.   Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  3,   Utica 

Slate  Gr.     [Sig.  a  small  vessel.] 

nucleus,  refer  to  Cyathocrinus  nucleus. 

Decadocrinus,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer,  1879, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.     [Ety.   dekas, 
.  number  of  ten  ;  krinon,  a  lily.]      A 

proposed  subgenus  of  Poteriocrinus . 


282 


ECHIXODERMATA. 


Dichocrinus  constrictus  is  from  the  War- 
saw Group. 

coxanus,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1,  111. 
St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

elegans,  Casseday  &  Lyon,  was  preoccu- 
pied by  De  Koninck  &  Lehon  in  1853, 
but  the  species  is  referred  to  the  ge- 
nus Talarocrinus,  by  Wachsmuth  & 
Springer. 

hamiltonensis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No. 
1,  111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

ornatus,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer,  1881, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  ornate.]  This  name  was  pro- 
posed instead  of  D.  sculptus,  Casse- 
day &  Lyon,  because  the  latter  name 
was  preoccupied. 

sculptus,  Casseday  &  Lyon.  The  name 
was  preoccupied  by  De  Koninck  & 
Lehon  in  1853,  see  D.  ornatus. 
Dolatocrinus  marshi  was  described  in 
1869,  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc,  vol.  13, 
Up.  Held.  Gr. 

ornatus,  Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Corniferous  Gr.  [Sig.  ornament- 
ed.] 
Dorycrintts,     Rcemer,    1854,     Archiv.    f. 
Naturgesch  Jahrg,  vol.  19,  p.  207. 

lineatus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  lined.] 
Eretmocrixus  adultus,  Wachsmuth  & 
Springer,  1881,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
Keokuk  Gr.    [Sig.  adult.] 

coronatus  instead  of  Actinocrinus  cor- 
onatus. 

intermedins,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer, 
1881,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Keokuk 
Gr.     [Sig.  intermediate.] 

leucosia  instead  of  Actinocrinus  leucosia. 

originarius,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer, 
1881,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Keokuk 
Gr.     [Sig.  original.] 

ramulosus  instead  of  Actinocrinus  ramu- 
losus. 

varsouviensis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No. 
1,   111.  St.  Mus    Nat.  Hist.,  Warsaw 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Erisocrinus     hemisphericus     instead     of 
Poteriocrinus  hemisphericus. 

inflexus,  Geinitz,  1866  (Cyathocrinus  in- 
flexus),  Carb.  und  Dyas,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  curving.] 

planus,   White,   1880,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat. 
Mus.,  Coal.  Meas.     [Sig.  even.] 
Eucalyptocrinus  constrictus,    Hall,   1879, 
syn.  for  E.  tuberculatus. 

depressus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1880,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  3,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  depressed  ] 

egani,  S.  A.  Miller,  1880,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  3,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

ovalis  instead  of  ovatus. 

proboscidalis,  S.  A.   Miller,  1882,   Jour. 


Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  having  a  proboscis.] 
Eucalyptocrixus  rotundus,  S.  A.  Miller, 

1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 

5,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  rotund.] 
tuberculatus,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  tuberculated.] 
turbinatus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  turbinate.] 
Eucladocrixls,  Meek,   1871,  U.    S.   Geo. 

Sur.  Terr.    [Ety.   eu,  very ;  klados,  a 

branch;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
millebrachiatus,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer, 

1878,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Burling- 
ton and  Keokuk  Gr.       [Sig.   many- 
armed.] 
montanensis,  Meek,  1871,  Hayden'sRep. 

U.  S.  Geo.  Sur.  Terr.,  Subcarbonifer- 

ous.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pleuroviminus    instead   of    Platycrinus 

pleuroviminus. 
Eupachycrenus  asperatus,  Worthen,  1882, 

Bull.  No.  1,  111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist., 

Kaskaskia,  Gr.     [Sig.  roughened.] 
crassus  instead  of  Cyathocrinus  crassus. 
formosus  instead  of  Zeacrinus  formosus. 
germanus,  S.  A,  Miller,  1879,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

[Sig.  near  of  kin.] 
monroensis,  Worthen,  1882.  Bull.  No.  1, 

St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
quatnoi-decembrachialis  instead  of  Gra- 

phiocrinus     quatnordecembrachialis, 

and  from  Kaskaskia  Gr. 
sangamonensis  instead  of  Cyathocrinus 

sangamonensis. 
spartarius,  S.  A.  Miller,  1879,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

[Sig.  of  or  belonging  to  a  broom.] 
subtumidus  instead  of  Zeacrinus  subtu- 

midus. 
Forbesiocrixus  asteriformis,  refer  to  Ony- 

chocrinus  asteriformis . 
communis,  refer  to  Taxocrinus  communis. 
giddingi,  refer  to  Taxocrinus  giddingi. 
jnvenis,  refer  to  Taxocrinus  juvenis. 
kelloggi,  refer  to  Taxocrinus  kelloggi. 
lobatus,  refer  to  Taxocrinus  lobatus. 
lobatus  var.  tardus,  refer  to  Taxocrinus 

lobatus  var.  tardus. 
meeki,  refer  to  Taxocrinus  meeki,  from 

Keokuk  Gr. 
multibrachiatus, [refer  to  Taxocrinus  rnul- 

tibrachiatus. 
parvus,  Wetherby,  1879.  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Kaskaskia  Gr.   [Sig. 

small.] 
ramulosus,  refer  to  Onychocrinus  rarnu-' 

losus. 
shumardanus,   refer  to  Taxocrinus  shu- 

mardanus. 
whitfieldi,  refer  to  Taxocrinus  whitfieldi. 
Qennceocrinus,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer,  1882, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  [Ety.  gennaios, 

of  noble  origin ;  krinon,  a  Yily.]    This 


ECHINODERMATA. 


was     proposed    to     include    certain 

species  of  Actinocrinus  from  the  Ham- 
ilton Group,  to-wit:  A.  calypso,   A. 

caaaedayi,  A.  cauliculus,  A.  eucharis, 

A.  kentuckiensis,  and  A.  nyssa. 
Glyptastek  egani,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
occidentals,  var.  crebescens,  Hall,  1879, 

28th  Eeg.  Kep.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

abundant.] 
Glyptocrlxus  annularis,  Miller  &  Dyer, 

Jour.  Cin.  hoc.   Nat.   Hist.,  vol.   1, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  angular.] 
cognatus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  near  to,  cognate.] 
dyeri,  var.  sublsevis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1878, 

Jour.    Cin.   Soc.  Nat.   Hist.,  vol.   1, 

Hud.    Riv.     Gr.      [Sig.     somewhat 

smooth.] 
gracilis,    Wetherby,   1881    (Reteoerinus 

gracilis),  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist., 

vol.  4,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  slender.] 
harrisi,  S.  A.   Miller,  1881,  Jour.   Cin. 

Soc.   Nat.   Hist.,   vol.  1,   Hud.   Riv. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
iniamiensis,  S.    A.   Miller,   1882,   Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pattersoni,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.   5,   Utica  Slate 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
richardsoni,  Wetherby,  1880,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
eculptus,  S-  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  carved.] 
shafteri  var.  germanus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1880, 

Jour.  Cin.    Soc.    Nat.   Hist.,   vol.  3, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  near  of  kin.]     I 

believe  this  is  a  distinct  species,  and 

will  therefore  become  G.  germanus. 
Graxatocrixus      missouriensis     and     G. 

roemeri,    should    be    referred  to  the 

Choteau  or  Kinderhook  Gr. 
Graphiocrixus     carbonarius     instead     of 

Scaphiocrinus  carbonarius. 
mcadamsi      instead     of     Scaphiocrinus 

mcadamsi. 
quatuordecembrachicUis,  refer  to  Eupachy- 

crinus    quatiiordecembrachialis,    and 

to  the  Kaskaskia  Gr. 
rudis  instead  of  Scaphiocrinus  rudis. 
simplex  instead  of  Scaphiocrinus   sim- 
plex, 
spinobrachiatus  instead  of  Scaphiocrinus 

spinobrachiatus\ 
striatus  instead  of  Scaphiocrinus  striatals. 
tortuosus  instead  of  Scaphiocrinus   tor- 

tuosus. 
wachsmuthi    instead    of    Scaphiocrinus 

wachsmuthi. 
Heterocrixus   crassus,   refer   to    Iocrinus 

crass us. 
geniculatus,    Ulrich,    1879,    Jour.    Cin. 


Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.   2,  Utica  Slate 

Gr.  [Sig.  genie ulatetl.] 
Heterocrixus    milleri,    Wetherby,    1880, 

Jour.   Cin.   Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  3, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
oehanus,   Ulrich,   1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,    vol.    5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
pentagonus,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,   vol.  5,    Hud.    Riv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  pentagonal.] 
subcrassus,  refer  to  Iocrinus  subcrassus. 
vaupeli,  Wetherby,  1881.    I  am  unable  to 

recognize  this  species.    It  appears  to 

be  founded  upon  a  fragment  of  H. 

simplex. 
Holocystites  baculus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1879, 

Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Ni- 
agara Gr.'   [Sig.  a  staff.] 
brauni,   S.   A.  Miller,  1878,  Jour.   Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
dyeri,  S.  A.  Miller,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
elegans,  S.   A.  Miller,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  elegant.] 
globosus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  globose.] 
jolietensis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
ornatus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  ornate.] 
perlongus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  verv  long.] 
plenus,   S.  A.   Miller,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr. 

rSig.  full,  large.] 
pustulosis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  full  of  pustules.] 
rotundus,  S.  A.  Miller.  1879,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  rotund.] 
subrotundus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1879,  Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Niagara 

Gr.    [Sig.  subrotuud.] 
tumidus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1879,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  tumid.]  / 

turbinatus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1880,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  turbinate.] 
ventricosus,  S.  A.  Miller,   1879,    Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  ventricose.] 
wetherbyi,  S.  A.  Miller,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Homocrixus,    angustatus    instead    of    an- 

gustus,  from  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
Hybocystites,  Wetherby,  1880,  Jour.  Cin. 


ECH INODERM  ATA. 


Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  3.     [Ety.   Jiubos, 

hump-backed;  kustis,  a  bladder.] 
Hybocystites    problematicus,    Wetherby, 

1880,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 

3,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  problematical.] 
Hydreioxocrixus,  De  Koninck,  1858,  Bull. 

Acad.   Royale    Belgique,    2me  serie, 

tome  3.  Messrs.  Wachsmuth  &  Spring- 
er   refer    to    this  genus    Zeacrinus 

acanthophorus,    Z.    armiger,    Z.   de- 

pressus,  Z.  discus  and  Z.  mucrospinus. 
Ichthyocrinus     nobilis,     Wachsmuth     & 

Springer,     1878,     Proc.     Acad.   Nat. 

Sci.,  Upper  Burlington  and  Keokuk 

Gr.     [Sig.  noble.] 
Iocrinus,  Hall,  1864,  Advance  sheets,  24th 

Reg.  Hep.  N.  Y.  [Ety.  io,  in  triumph ; 

Jcrinon,  a  lily.] 
crassus  instead  of  Heterocrinus  crassus. 
subcrassus  instead  of  Heterocrinus,  sub- 

crassus. 
Lampterocrinus  parvus,  Hall,  1879,  Desc. 

New  Spec.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

little.] 
Lecanocrinus  pusillus,  Hall,    1863  (Cya- 

thocrinus  pusillus)  Trans.  Alb.  Inst., 

vol.  4,  Niagara  Gr.   [Sig.  very  small.] 
pusillus,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  syn.  for  L. 

pusillus.  Hall. 
Lecythiocrinus,  White,  1880,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat. 

Mus.,  vol.  2.    [Ety.  lekuthion,  a  small 

oil  flask;  krinon,  a  lily.]    This  name 

was  preoccupied  by  Muller  in  1858, 

and  by  Zittel  in  1879. 
.      adarnsi,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1,  111. 

St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
olliculceformis,  White,  1880,  Proc.  U.  S. 

Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  2,  Upper  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.  like  a  little  pot.] 
Lepidesthes  colletti,    White,  1878,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
formosus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1879,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.   Hist.,  vol.  2,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  beautiful.] 
Lichexocrixus  affinis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882, 

Jour.,   Cin.   Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  related  to,  from 

resemblance  to  L.  crater iformis.] 
dubius,  S.  A.  Miller,   1880,   Jour.   Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  3,  Utica  Slate  Gr. 

[Sig.  doubtful.] 
pattersoni,  S.  A.  Miller,  1879,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Utica  Slate  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Lyriocrixus    melissa   instead    of   Rhodo- 

crinus  melissa. 
sculptus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,   vol.   5,   Niagara  or 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  sculptured.] 
Macrostylocrixus    fasciatus     instead    of 

Cyathocrinus  fasciatus. 
fusibrachiatus,  Ringueberg,  1882.  Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Wist.,  vol.  5,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  from  the  fusiform  arms.] 
meeki  instead  of  Actinocrinus  meeki. 
striatus  var.  granulosus,  Hall,  1879,  28th 


Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  gran- 
ulous.] 
Marsupiocrixus  tennesseensis  instead   of 
Platycrinus  tennesseensis. 

tentaculatus  instead  of  Platycrinus  ten- 
taculatus. 
Megistocrixus  infelix,  refer  to  Saccocrinus 
infelix. 

marcouanus,  refer  to  Saccocrinus  mar- 
couanus. 

necis,  refer  to  Saccocrinus  necis. 

nodosus,  Barris,  1879,  Proc.  Davenport 
Acad.,  Nat.  Sci.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig. 
nodose.] 

parvirostris  is  a  syn.  for  M.  plenus. 

pileatus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1879,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Up.  Held. 
Gr.     [Sig.  covered  with  a  cap.] 

spinosus  should  be  stricken  out. 
Melocrintjs  clarkei,  Williams,  1882,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.    [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

obpyramidalis,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865 
(Actinocrinus  obpyramidalis),  Mem. 
Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Niagara 
Gr.  [Sig.  obpyramidal.] 
Myelodactylus  bridgeportensis,  S.  A. 
Miller,  1880,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat. 
Hist.,  vol.  3,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  prop- 
er name.] 
Oligoporus  coreyi,  Meek  &  Worthen,  1870, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Ollacrinus,  Cumberland,  1826,  Appendix  to 
Reliquiae  Conservata.  Figured  with- 
out description,  and  subsequently  de- 
clared by  Koninck  &  Lehon  to  be  a 
Rhodocrinus.  Wachsmuth  &  Springer 
claim  priority  for  this  name  over  Go- 
niasteroidocrinus,  without  good  rea- 
son, however,  and  contrary  to  the 
laws  of  nomenclature,  as  shown  by 
Meek  in  111.  Geo.  Sur.,  vol.  2,  p.  217. 
Oxychocrinus  asteriaeformis  instead  of  For- 
besiocrinus  asteriaeformis. 

distensus,  Worthen,  1882.  Bull.  No.  1, 
111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Kaskaskia 
Gr.     [Sig.  distended.] 

meeki,  refer  to  Taxocrinus  meeki,  and  to 
Keokuk  Gr. 

ramulosus  instead  of  Forbesiocrinus  ram- 
ulosus. 

whitfieldi,  refer  to  Taxocrinus  whitfieldi. 
Pachy Iocrinus,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer,  1879, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  [Ety.  pachylos, 
thick;  krinon,  a  lily.]  A  proposed 
subgenus  of  Poteriocrinus,  founded 
upon  the  form  of  the  body. 
Pal2Easter  elarkanus^  S.  A.  Miller,  1880, 
Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.'  3, 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

clarki,  S.  A.  Miller,  refer  to  Palaeaster 
clarkanus. 

crawfordsvillensis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1880, 
Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2, 
Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

dubius,   Miller  &   Dyer,  1878,  Cont.  to 


ECHINODERMATA. 


285 


Pal.,   No.  2,   Utica  Slate  Gr.     [Sig. 

doubtful.] 
Pal^easter  exculptus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881, 

Jour.   Cin.  Soc.  Nat.    Hist.,   vol.  4, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     LSig.  chiseled  out.] 
finei,  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat. 

Hist.,  vol.   2,  Utica  Slate  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
harrisi,  S.  A.  Miller,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat,  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
longibrachiatus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1878,  Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Xat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  long  armed.] 
miamiensis,   S.   A.   Miller,   1880,    Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  3,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
simplex,  S.  A.  Miller,   1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  simple.] 
•     spinulosis,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878.  Jour. 

Cin.   Soc.    Nat.   Hist.,   vol.   1,   Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  full  of  spines.] 
Pal^easterixa  approximata,  Miller  &  Dyer, 

1878,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 

1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  near  to.] 
speciosa.  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  beautiful.] 
Parisocrimts,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer,  1879, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.     [Ety.  parisos, 

resembling  ;  krinon,  a  lily.]     A  pro- 
posed subgenus  under  Poteriocrinus. 
Pextremites  angularis,    and  P.  robustus, 

are  from  the  Kaskaskia  Group, 
bipyramidalis,  P.   clavatus,   P.   grosve- 

nori,    P.  lineatus,  P.   reinwardti,   P. 

subcylindricus,  P.  subtruncatus ,  and 

P.  wortheni,  are  referred  to  the  sub- 
genus Troostocrinus. 
abbreviatus,  Hambach,  1880,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  4,   Kaskaskia 

Gr.     [Sig.  abbreviated.] 
basilaris,    Hambach,    1880,    Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.   Sci.,  vol.  4,  Kaskaskia 

Gr.     [Sig.  relating  to  the  base.] 
broadheadi,  Hambach,  1880,  Trans.    St. 

Louis   Acad.   Sci.,  vol.  4,  Kaskaskia 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
chesterensis,  Hambach,  1880,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,   vol.  4,  Kaskaskia 

Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name  ] 
clavatus,    Hambach,    1880,     Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci  ,  vol.  4,   Kaskaskia 

Gr.     [Sig.  clavated.] 
hemisphericus,  Hambach,   1880,  Trans. 

St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  4,  Kaskas- 
kia Gr.     [Sig.  hemispherical.] 
nodosus,     Hambach,     1880,    Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.   Sci.,  vol.  4,  Kaskaskia 

Gr.     [Sig.  nodose.] 
potteri,  Hambuch,  1880,  Trans.  St.  Louis 

Acad.   Sci.,   vol.   4,   Burlington   Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
-spinosus,    Hambach,    1880,    Trans.    St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  4,   Kaskaskia 

Gr.    [Sig.  spinous.] 
sulcatus,   is  said  by  Hambach  to  be  a 


syn.  for  P.  laterniformis.  The  latter 
was  founded  upon  a  cast. 
Pereichocrinus,  Austin,  1843,  Ann.  &  Mag. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  11.  Not  denned  so  as 
to  be  recognized,though  some  authors, 
disregarding  the  rules  of  nomencla- 
ture, have  used  the  name  in  an  at- 
tempt to  supplant,  with  it,  Sacco- 
crinus. 
Physetocrinus  ornatus  instead  of  Actino- 
crinus  ornatus. 

ventricosus  instead  of  Actinocrinus  ven- 
tricosus. 

ventricosus  var.   cancellatus  instead  of 
.  Actinocrinus  ventricosus  var.  cancel- 
latus. 

ventricosus  var.  internodus  instead  of 
Actinocrinus  ventricosus  var.  inter- 
nodus. 

reticulatus  instead  of  Actinocrinus  retic- 
ulatus. 
Pisocrksus,  DeKoninck,  1S58,  Bull.  Acad. 
Roy.  Belgique,  2meser.,tome3.  [Ety. 
pisos,  a  pea;  krinon,  a  lily.] 

gemmiformis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1879,  Jour. 
Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Niagara 
Gr.  [Sig.  bud  shaped.] 
Platycrines  bloomfleldensis,  S.  A.  Miller, 
1880,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 
2,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

bonoensis,  White,  1878,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

leai  was  described  in  1869,  Trans.  Am. 
Phil.  Soc,  vol.  13,  from  Up.  Held.  Gr. 

monroensis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1, 
111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  St.  Louis 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

montanaensis,    refer    to    Eucladocrinus 
•  montanensis. 

multibrachiatus,  is  from  the  Burlington 
Group. 

ornigranulus,  McChesney,  1860,  Desc. 
JNew  Pal.  Foss.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Sig. 
having  granules.] 

parvus,  refer  to  Cordylocrinus  parvus. 

pleurovimineus,  refer  to  Eucladocrinus 
pleurovimineus . 

plumosus,  refer  to  Cordylocrinus  plumo- 
sus. 

poculum,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  cup.] 

praenuntius,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer, 
1878,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Burling- 
ton Gr.  [Sig.  a  harbinger.] 

pratteni,  Worthen,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

ramulosus,  refer  to  Cordylocrinus  ramu- 
losus. 

siluricus,  Hall,  1879,  Desc  New  Spec. 
Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

tennesseensis,  refer  to  Marsupiocrinus 
tenne6seensis. 

tentaculatus,  refer  to  Marsupiocrinus  ten- 
taculatus. 

vexabilis,  white,  1875,  Wheeler's  U.  S. 


286 


ECHINODEEMATA. 


Sur.  W.  100th.  Meridian,  Subcarbon- 

iferous.  [Sig.  disturbed.] 
PoROCRraus  crass  us,  is  from  the  Hud.  Eiv. 

Gr.,    and  P.   pentagonus,   from  the 

Trenton  Gr. 
smithi,  Grant,  1831,  Trans.  Ottawa  Field 

Naturalists'  Club,  No.  2,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Poteriocrintjs  anomalos,  Wetherby,  1880, 

Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  3,  Kas- 

kaskia  Group.  [Sig.  anomalous.] 
arachnseformis,    Worthen,    1882,    Bull. 

No.  1,  111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keo- 
kuk Gr.  [Sig.  spider-like.] 
asper,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1,  111. 

St.  Mus.   Nat.    Hist.,    Keokuk    Gr. 

[Sig.  rough.] 
asperatus,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1, 

111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  made  rough,  uneven.] 
briareus,   Worthen,  1882,   Bull.   No.   1, 

111.,  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  mythological  name.] 
burketi,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1,  111., 

St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
calyx,  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  New  Spec.  Foss., 

Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  a  cup.] 
clarkei,    Williams,    1882,    Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
claytonensis,  Worthen,  1882.  Bull  No.  1, 

111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Warsaw  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
clytis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1,  111.  St. 

Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
columbiensis,  Worthen,  1882,   Bull.  No. 

1,  111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Kaskaskia 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
cornellanus,  Williams,  1882,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
coxanus,  Worthen,  1882,   Bull.   No.  1, 

111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
cylindricus  was  described  in   1869  from 

the  Up.  Held.  Gr. 
davisanus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
fountainensis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No. 

1,  111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  St.  Louie 

Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
gregarius,  Williams,  1882,   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,   Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.   gre- 
garious.] 
hamiltonensis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No. 

1,  111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.   Hist.,   Keokuk 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hernisphericus,  refer  to  Erisocrinws  hem- 

isphericus. 
illinoisensis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1, 

111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Warsaw  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
iowensis,  Worthen,   1882,   Bull.   No.  1, 

III.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 


Poteriocrinus     iesupi,     Whitfield,     1881, 

Bull.  No.  1,   Ann.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist., 

Burlington  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
kaskaskensis,  Worthen,  1882.  Bull.  No. 

1,  111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Kaskaskia 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
latidactylus.  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1, 

111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  wide  armed.] 
millen,  Wetherby,  1880,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat    Hist.,    vol.    3,    Kaskaskia    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
nauvooensis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1, 

111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
occidentalis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1, 

111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  western.] 
okawensis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1, 

111.   St.   Mus.  Nat.  Hist..    Kaskaskia 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
orestes,    Worthen,    1882,    Bull.    No.  1, 

111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
otterensis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.   No.  1, 

111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
peculiaris,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1,  111. 

St.   Mus.   Nat.  Hist.,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

[Sig.  peculiar.] 
penicilliformis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No. 

1,  111.  St.  Mus.   Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk 

Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  painter's  brush,] 
pisiformis,   refer  to  Arachnocrinus  pisi- 

fbrmis. 
popensis,   Worthen,  1S82,   Bull.   No.  1, 

111.   St.    Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Kaskaskia 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
posticus,  refer  to  Dendrocrinus  posticus, 
propinquus,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1, 

111.   St.   Mus.  Nat.   Hist.,  Kaskaskia 

Gr.     [Sig.  near  to.] 
rhombiferus,  refer  to  Barycrinus  rhombi- 

ferus. 
richfieldensis,  Worthen,  1832,  Bull.   No. 

1,  111.    St.   Mus.   Nat.   Hist.,  Kinder- 
hook  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
salteri,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1,  111. 

St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,   Kaskaskia  Gr. 

(Ety.  proper  name.] 
sculptus,  Worthen,   1882,   Bull.   No.   1, 

111.  St.   Mus.  Nat.   Hist.,   Kaskaskia 

Gr.     [Sig.  sculptured.] 
similis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1,   111. 

St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr.   [Sig. 

similar.] 
simplex  was  described  in  1869  from  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr. 
spinobrachiatus,    Worthen,   1S82,    Bull. 

No.   1,   111.     St.     Mus.     Nat.     Hist., 

Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  spine  armed.] 
subramulosus,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No. 

1.  111.  St.  Mus.   Nat.  Hist.,   Keokuk 

Gr.    [Sig.  somewhat  full  of  branches.] 
talboti,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1,  111.  St. 

Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  St.  Louis  Gr.     [Ety.. 

proper  name. J 
tentaculatus,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1, 


ECHIXODERMATA. 


111.  St.  Mus.  Xat.  Hist.,   Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  tentacled.] 
Poteriocrixus    tenuidactylus,     Worthen, 
1882,  Bull.  Xo.  1,  111.  St.  Mus.   Nat. 
Hist.,    Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig.    slender- 
fingered.] 
validus,    Worthen.    1882,    Bull.    Xo.  1, 
111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Warsaw  Gr. 
[Sig  strong.] 
varsouviensis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No. 
1,  111.    St.   Mus.  Xat.  Hist.,  Warsaw 
Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
venustus.  Worthen,   1882,   Bull  Xo.   1, 
111.  St.  Mus.  Xat.  Hist.,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 
[Sig.  heautiful.] 
wachsmuthi      refer      to      Graphiocrinus 

wachsmuthi. 
wetherbyi,   S.   A.    Miller,    1879,    Jour. 
Cin.  Soc.  Xat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Kaskaskia 
Gr.     rEty.  proper  name.] 
zethus,  Williams,  1882,  Proc.  Acad.  Xat. 
Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.     [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 
Protaster  flexuosus,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878, 
Jour.   Cin.   Soc.    Xat.    Hist.,  vol.  1, 
I'rica  Slate  and  Hud.  River  Gr.     [Sig. 
full  of  turnings.] 
miamiensis,   S.   A.   Miller,   1882,   Jour. 
Cin.   Soc.   Xat.    Hist.,   vol.  5,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Protasterina,  Ulrich,  syn.  for  Protaster. 
fimbriata,     Ulrich,    syn.    for    Protaster 
flexuosus. 
Pterotocrixus    acutus,    Wetherby,   1879, 
Jour.   Cin.   Soc.   Xat.   Hist.,  vol.  2, 
Kaskaskia  Gr.     [Sig.  acute.] 
bifureatus,  Wetherby,  1879,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Xat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 
[Sig.  bifurcated.] 
cornigerus,  refer  to  Talarocrinns  corni- 

gerus. 
aexlobatus,  refer  to  Talarocrinus  sexlo- 

batus. 
spatulatus,   Wetherby,  1879,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Xat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 
[Sig.  spatulate.] 
Retiocrixus  gracilis,  Wetherby,  see  Glyp- 

tocrinus  gracilis. 
Rhodocrixus     coxanns,    Worthen,     1882, 
Bull.,  Xo.  1,  111.  St.  Mus.  Xat.  Hist., 
Keokuk  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
melissa,  refer  to  Lyrioerinus  melissa. 
vesperalis,  White,  1880,  Proc.  U.  S.,  Xat. 
Mus.,  vol.  2,  Upper  Coal  Meas.  (?) 
[Sig.  belonging  to  evening.] 
Saccocrixus  egani,    S.    A.   Miller,    1881, 
Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Xat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
infelix,  AVinchell  &  Marcy,  1865  (Megis- 
tocrinus  infelix),   Mem.    Bost.    Soc. 
Xat.    Hist.,   Xiagara  Gr.     [Sig.   un- 
happy.] 
marcouanus,    Winchell  &  Marcy,    1365 
(Megistocrinus    marcouanus),   Mem. 
Bost.   Soc.  Xat.  Hist.,   Xiagara  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
necis,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1865  (Megis- 


tocrinus necis),  Mem.  Bost.  Soc.  Xat. 
Hist.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  death.] 
Saccocrixus    pyriformis,     S.    A.    Miller, 
1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Xat.  Hist.,  vol. 
5,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  pear  shaped.] 

urniformis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Xat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Xiagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  urn  shaped.] 
Scaphiocrixus  '  carbonarius,   refer  to  Gra- 
phiocrinus carbonari  us. 

gibsoni,  White,  1878,  Proc.  Acad.  Xat. 
Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

gurleyi,  White,  1878,  Proc.  Acad.  Xat. 
Sci.,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

macadamsi,  refer  to  Graphiocrinus  mac- 
adamsi. 

rudis,  refer  to  Graphiocrinus  rudis. 

simplex,  refer  to  Graphiocrinws  simplex. ' 

spinifer,  Wetherby,  1880,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Xat.  Hist.,  vol.  3,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig. 
spine  bearing.] 

spinobrachiatus,  refer  to  Graphiocrinus 
spinobrachiatus 

striatus,  refer  to  Graphiocrinus  striatus. 

tortuosus,  refer  to  Graphiocrinus  tortu- 
osus. 

wachsmuthi,  refer  to  Graphiocrinus  wach- 
smuthi. 
Scyphocrinus,  Hall.  This  name  was  pre- 
occupied by  Zenker  in  1833,  andD'Or- 
bigny  proposed  instead  of  it  Cupulo- 
crinus. 

heterocostalis  refer  to  Cupulocrinus  heter- 
ocos  talis. 
Scytalocrinus  Wachsmuth  &  Springer,  1879, 
Proc.  Acad.  Xat.  Sci.  [Ety.  skutale, 
a  staff  or  club;  krinon,  a  lily.]  A 
subgenus  of  Poteriocrinus  of  doubtful 
utility. 

wachsmuthi,  Wetherby,  1880,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Xat.  Hist.,  vol.  3,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Stegaxocrixus  concinnus   instead  of  Ac- 
tinocrinus  concinnus 

sculptus.    Hall,  instead  of  Actinocrinus 
sculptus. 
Stephaxocrixus  osgoodensis,  S.  A.  Miller, 
1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Xat.  Hist  .  vol. 
2,  Xiagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 

pentalobus,  Hall,  1879  (Codaster  penta- 
lobus),  Uesc.  XeAv  Spec.  Foss.,  Xi- 
agara Gr.  [Sig.  five  lobed.] 

pulchellus,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878  (Codas- 
ter pulchellus),  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Xat. 
Hist.,  vol.  1,  Xiagara  Gr,  [Sig.  beau- 
tiful.] 
Stereocrixus,  Barris,  1879,  Proc.  Daven- 
port Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  2.  [Ety.  stereos, 
firm;  krinon,  a  lily.] 

triangularis,  Barris,  1879,  Proc.  Daven- 
port Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  2,  Upper  Helder- 
berg  Gr.    [Sig.  triangular.] 

triangulatus  var.  liberatus,  Barris,  1879, 
Proc.  Davenport  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  2. 
Upper  Helderberg  Gr.  [Sig.  fur- 
rowed.] 


ECHINODERMATA. 


STROTOCRiNUSbloomfieldensis,  S.  A.  Miller, 
1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 
2,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ectypus,  refer  to  Actinocrinus  ectypus. 

Synbathocrinus  granuliferus,  Wetherby, 

1880,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 
2,  Kinderhook  Gr.  [Sig.  granule 
bearing.] 

oweni  is  from  the  Kinderhook  Gr. 
robustus  is  from  the  Keokuk  Gr. 
T^eniaster  elegans,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour. 
Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv. 
Gr.     [Sig.  elegant.] 
Talarocrinus,    Wachsmuth    &   Springer, 

1881,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  [Ety. 
talaros,  a  basket;  krinon,  a  lily.] 

cornigerus  instead  of  Dichocrinus  cor- 

nigerus. 
elegans  instead  of  Dichocrinus  elegans. 
ovatus,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1,  111. 

St.   Mus.   Nat.  Hist.,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

[Sig/ovate.] 
sexlobatus  instead  of  Dichocrinus  sexlo- 

batus. 
symmetricus     instead    of    Dichocrinus 

symmetricus. 
Taxocrinus  communis  instead  of  Forbesio- 

crinus  communis, 
curtus,  Williams,  1882,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci  ,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  short.] 
fletcheri,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1,  111. 

St.    Mus.    Nat.    Hist.,   Keokuk    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
giddingi  instead  of  Forbesiocrinus  gid- 

dingi. 
ithacensis,  Williams,  1882,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
juvenis  instead  of  Forbesiocrinus  juvenis. 
kelloggi  instead  of  Forbesiocrinus  kel- 

loggi. 
lobatus  instead  of  Forbesiocrinus  lobatus. 
lobatus  var.  tardus  instead  of  Forbesio- 
crinus lobatus  var.  tardus, 
meeki  instead  of  Forbesiocrinus  meeki. 
multibrachiatus  instead  of  Forbesiocrin- 
us multibrachiatus. 


Taxocrinus  multibrachiatus  var.  colletti, 

White,  1881,  2d  Ann.  Rep.  Bureau  of 

Statistics    of  Indiana,    Keokuk    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name] 
shumardanus  instead  of  Forbesiocrinus 

shumardanus. 
whitfieldi  Instead  of  Forbesiocrinus  whit- 

fieldi. 
Teleiocrinus,  Wachsmuth  &  Springer,  1881, 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.     [Ety.  teleios, 

perfect;  krinon,  a  lily.]     A  subgenus 

of  Strotocrinus,  of  doubtful  utility. 
Troostocrinus,  Shumard,  1865,  Trans.  St. 

Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  vol   2.     [Ety.  prop- 
er name.]     A  proposed  subgenus  of 

Pentremites. 
Vasocrinus  lyoni,  instead  of  Cyathocrinus 

lyoni. 
macropleurus    instead  of  Cyathocrinus 

macropleurus. 
Xenocrinus,  S  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4.     [Ety.  xenos, 

strange,  new;  krinon,  a  lily.] 
penicillus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  painter's  brush.] 
Zeacrinus  cariniferus,  refer  to  Coeliocrinus 

cariniferus. 
compactilis  is  from  the  Kaskaskia  Gr. 
coxanus,   Worthen,  1882,  Bull.    No.   1, 

111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
crassus,  refer  to  Eupachycrinus  crassus. 
formosus,   refer  to  Eupachycrinus    for- 

mosus. 
keokuk,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1,  111. 

St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Keokuk  Gr.  [Ety. 

proper  name  ] 
lyra,  refer  to  Coelioerinus  lyra. 
moorei,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.New  Spec. 

Foss.  from  Ohio,  Coal  Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
pikensis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1,  111. 

St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Burlington  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
subtumidus,  refer  to  Eupachycrinus  sub- 

tumidus. 


BRYOZOA. 


SUBKINGDOM    MOLLUSCA. 


CLASS    BRYOZOA. 


Acaxthoceadia,  King,  1849,  Ann.  &  Mag. 

Nat.    Hist.,   2d   ser.,   vol.   3,  p.  389. 

[Ety.    akantha,    a    spine;    klados,    a 

branch.] 
amerieana,      Swallow,      1858,      Trans. 

St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  1,  Permian. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Alecto  was  preoccupied  by  Leach  in  the 

class     Echinodermata,    when    Lam- 

oureux  used  it,  and  hence  Stomato- 

pora  is  used  in  its  place, 
canadensis,  see  Aulopora  canadensis. 
Ami'i.exopora.    Ulrich,    1882,    Jour.    Cin. 

Soc.   Nat.   Hist.,   vol.   5.     [Ety.  am- 

plexus,  an  encircling; porus,  a  pore.] 
cingulata,   Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat    Hist,    vol.   5,    Hud.   Riv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  encircled.] 
septosa,   Ulrich,   1879,   Jour.    Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2  (Atactopora  sep- 
tosa), Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  parti- 
tioned.]    Mr.    Ulrich    also  refers  to 

this  genus  Monticulipora  discoidea. 
Arthroclema    spiniforme,     Ulrich,    1882, 

Jour.   Cin.   Soc.  Nat.   Hist.,   vol.  5, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  spiniform.] 
Arthronema,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,   vol.  5.      [Ety.   arthron,  a 

joint;  nema,  a  thread.] 
curtum,   Ulrich.  1882.  Jour.    Cin.   Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,   vol.   5,   Hud.    Riv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  short.] 
tenue.  James,  as  figured  by  Ulrich,  1882 

(Helopora    tennis),    Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Trenton  and  Utica 

Slate  Gr.     [Sig.  thin.] 
Ascodictyox,   Nicholson,  1877,  Ann.  and 

Mag.   Nat.   Hist.,    4th  ser.,   vol.  19. 

[Ety.  askos,  a  leather  bottle ;  dictyon, 

a  net.] 
fusiforme,    Nicholson,   1877,   Ann.   and 

Mag.    Nat.    Hist  ,  4th  ser.,    vol.  19, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  fusiform] 
stellatum,    Nicholson,   1877,    Ann.   and 

Mag.   Nat.    Hist.,  4th  ser.,   vol.  19, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  starred.] 
Atactopora.  Ulrich.  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.    Hist.,    vol.    2.     [Ety.    atactos, 

without  regularity ;  porus,  a  pore.] 
hirsuta,   Ulrich,   1879.   Jour.   Cin.    Soc. 

Nat.    Hist.,    vol.   2,   Hud.    Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  rough.] 
maculata,  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.    Hist.,   vol.   2,   Hud.   Riv.    Gr. 

[Sig.  spotted.] 
multigranosa,    Ulrich,   1879,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  many  grained.] 
mundula,  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc 


Nat.    Hist.,    vol.  2,   Hud.   Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  neat.] 
Atactopora    septosa,    see     Amplexopora 

septosa. 
subramosa,  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,   vol.   2,   Hud.   Riv.    Gr. 

[Sig.  somewhat  branchy.] 
tenella,   Ulrich,    1879.    Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.    Hist  ,   vol.  2,    Hud.   Riv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  neat.] 
Batostoma,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  founded  upon  Mon- 
ticulipora jamesi,  and  M.  implicate. 
Batostomella,    Ulrich,    1882,    Jour.   Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  founded  upon 

Monticulipora   gracilis,   M.    granuli- 

fera,  and  Trematopora  annulifera. 
Berexicea,  Lamoureux,  1821,  Exp.  Meth. 

des.   genres    d.  pol.,  p.    80.      [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
primitiva.  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,   vol.  5,   Hud.    Riv.    Gr. 

[Sig.  primitive.] 
vesiculosa,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist. ,  vol.  5,  Utica  Slate  or  Lower 

part  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig.  vesiculous.] 
Bythopora,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Cont.  to 

Pal.,  No.  2.     [Ety.  buthos,  depths  of 

the  sea;  poros,  a  pore.] 
arctipora  instead  of  Ptilodictya  arctipora. 
fruticosa,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Cont.'  to 

Pal.,   No.   2,   Hud.   Riv.   Gr.      [Sig. 

shrubby.] 
nashvillensis.  S.  A.  Miller,  1880,  Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  3,  Trenton 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Callopora  aculeolata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozo- 

ans  of   the    Up.     Held.    Gr.     [Sig. 

thorny.] 
cervicornis.  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  New  Spec. 

Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig  stag  horned.] 
cincinnatensis,  Ulrich,  1878.  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
diversa,   Hall,    1879    Desc.  New  Spec. 

Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  diverse.] 
exsul  instead  of  Alveolites  exsul. 
irregularis,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig  irregular.] 
minutissima,  Nicholson.  1875.  Pal.  Prov. 

Ont  ,  Ham   Gr.     [Sig.  very  minute.] 
multiseriata,  Hall,   1881,    Bryozoans  of 

the  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  having  many 

series.] 
subplana,  Ulrich.   1882,  Jour.   Cin.   Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.   somewhat  level]     Mr.   Ulrich 

refers  to  this  genus  Monticulipora  ra- 
mosa,  M.  dalei,  M.  sigillarioides,  M. 
nodulosa,  and  M.  andrewsi. 


290 


BKYOZOA. 


Ceramopora  explanata,  Hall,  1879,   Desc. 

New  Spec.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 
spread  out.] 
nothiis,   Hall,    1879,   Desc.   New  Spec. 

Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.      [Sig.  spurious.] 
raripora,   Hall,  1879,   Desc.  New   Spec. 

Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  having  few 

pores.] 
Clathropora    intermedia,    Nicholson     & 

Hinde,    1874,    Can.   Jour.,    Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  intermediate.] 
Cloxopora,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.   Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  klonos,  confu- 
sion; poros,  pore.] 
incurva,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  incurved  ] 
semireducta.  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  half  drawn  back.] 
Crateripora,  Ulrich,  1879.     C.  erecta,  C.  line- 

ata,  and  C.  lineata  var.  expansa,  repre- 
sent basal  fragments  of  Bryozoa,  and 

are  not  entitled  to  rank  as  species. 
Crisina  scrobiculata,  Hall,  1881.  Bryozoans 

of  the  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  having 

small  furrows.] 
Cvstodictya,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,   vol.   5.     [Ety.   kustis,   a 

bladder;  dictyon,  a  net.] 
ocellata,    Ulrich",  1882.  Jour.    Cin.    Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Keokuk  Gr.      [Sig. 

having  little  eyes.] 
Cystopora,    Hall,   1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  kustis,  a  bladder ; 

poros,  a  pore.] 
geniculate,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  geniculated.] 
Dicranopora,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.    Hist.,   vol.   5.     [Ety.   dikranos, 

two  pointed;  poros,  a  pore.] 
lata,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat. 

Hist.,   vol.   5,   Hud.   Biv.  Gr.     [Sig. 

wide.] 
trentonensis,   Ulrich,    1882,   Jour.    Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.   Hist.,  vol.  5,  Trenton  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Eridopora,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5.  [Ety.  eridos,  in  dis- 
pute; poros,  a  pore.] 
macrostoma,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig. 

long  mouth.] 
punctifera,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig. 

bearing  punctures  ] 
Escharopoea  angusta,    Hall,    1879,   Desc. 

New  Spec.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig. 

narrow.  ] 
Diplotrypa    milleri,    Ulrich,   1882,    Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Discotrypa,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  founded  upon  Che- 

tetes  elegans. 
Fexestelea  acaulis,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans 

of  the  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  without  a 

stem.] 
aculeata,   Hall,   1881,    Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  thorny.] 


Fexestelea  adnata,  Hall,  1881,  Brvozoans 
of  the  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  close  to.] 

sequalis,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the  Up. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  equal  ] 

ambigua,  Hall,  1879,  28th  Beg.  Bep.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [ Sig.  doubtful.  ] 

angulata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  angular.] 

anonyma,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  nameless.] 

arctica,  Salter,  1855,  Belcher's  last  Arctic 
Voyage,  vol.  2,  Carboniferous.'    [Sig. 

bellistriata,  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  New  Spec. 

Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  beautifully 

striated.] 
bi-imbricaU.  Hull,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up     Held.    Gr.      [Sig.    double,  im- 
bricated.] 
biseriata.   Hall,   1881.  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  having  a  double 

series.] 
biserrulata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.    Held.    Gr.     [Sig.    double    ser- 
rulated.] 
brevisulcata,  Hall,   1881,   Bryozoans  of 

the   Up.    Held.   Gr.     [Sig.   having  a 

short  furrow.] 
celsipora,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.   Held.   Gr.      [Sig.   having    high 

pores.] 
celsipora  var.  minima,  Hall,  1881,  Bryo- 
zoans of  the  Up.   Held.    Gr.     [Sig. 

the  least.] 
celsipora  var.  minor,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozo- 
ans of  the  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  less.] 
conferta,  Hall,   1879,   Desc.  New  Spec. 

Foss.,    Niagara    Gr.      [Sig.    pressed 

together.] 
conjunctiva,   Hall,   1881,   Bryozoans   of 

the  Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  connecting.] 
corticata.    F.    intermedia,    F.    subreti- 

formis,     F.     trituberculata    and     F. 

variabilis,  are  from  the  Coal  Meas. 
cribrosa,  Hall,  1881,   Bryozoans   of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  sieve  like.] 
cultellata,  Hall,  1881,  Bvyozoans  of  the 

Up.   Held.    Gr.     [Sig.    being  like  a 

little  knife.] 
cultrata,   Hall,   1881,   Brvozoans   of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  knife-formed.] 
curvijunctura.  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of 

the  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  curve  junc- 
ture.] 
cylindracea,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  like  a  cylinder.] 
davidsoni  instead  of  F.  dawsoni. 
depressa,  Hall,  1881.  Bryozoans   of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  depressed] 
distans,   Hall,    1881,   Bryozoans    of   the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  distant.] 
elegantissima,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of 

the  Up.  Held.Gr.  [Sig.  most  elegant.] 
erectipora,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.    Held.    Gr.     [Sig.   having  erect 

pores.] 
fastigata     Hall,    1881,   Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  pointed.] 


BBYOZOA. 


291 


Fexestella  favosa,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans 

of  the   Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  honey- 
comb like.  J 
nabelliforniis,  Hall,  1881,   Bryozoans  of 

the  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  fan  like.] 
granifera,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  grain  bearing.] 
granilinea,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  grain  lined.] 
granulosa,  Whitfield,   1878,  Ann.   Bep. 

Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Hud.  Biv.  Gr.    [Sig. 

full  of  grains,] 
hexagonah's,  Hall,. 1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  hexagonal.] 
hexagonalis    var.     foraminulosa,     Hall, 

1881,  Bryozoans  of  the  Up.  Held.  Gr. 

[Sig.  full  of  openings  ] 
interrupta,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  interrupted.] 
largissima.  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  largest.] 
lata,  Hall.  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the   Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  wide.] 
latijunctura,    Hall,   1881,   Bryozoans   of 

the  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  wide  jointed.] 
levinodata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.   Gr.     [Sig.  having  smooth 

knots.] 
lineanoda,  Hall.  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.   Held.  Gr.      [Sig    having    lined 

knots.] 
lunulata,    Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans   of  the 

Up.    Held.   Gr.     [Sig.   resembling    a 

small  crescent.] 
mutabilis,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  changeable.] 
nervia.     [Sig.  having  strong  ribs,  instead 

of  proper  name.] 
nexa   Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the   Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  interlaced.] 
oxfordensis,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.    Hist.,    vol.    5,   Hud.  Biv.   Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  nnme.] 
parallella,  Hall,  1881,  Brvozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  parallel.] 
perangulata.    Hall,   1881,   Bryozoans  of 

the  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  angu- 
lar.] 
permarginata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of 

the   Up.   Held.   Gr.      [Sig.  having  a 

large  border.] 
pernodosa,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  nodose.] 
perplexa,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  intricate.] 
pertenuis,  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  New  Spec. 

Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  very  thin.] 
pertenuis,  Hall,  1881.   The  name  "was  pre- 
occupied.    See  F.  proutana. 
perundata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  wavy.] 
porosa,  Hall,  1881,  Brvozoans  of  the  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig  full  of  pores.] 
prolixa.    Hall,  1879.    Desc.  New    Spec. 

Foss.,  Niag.  Gr.  [Sig.  Stretched  out.] 
propria.  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  proper.] 
proutana,  n.  sp.,  Up.  Held.  Gr.    Named 


in  respect  for  the  work  of  Dr.  Hiram 
A.  Prout.  Proposed  instead  of  F. 
pertenuis,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of 
the  Up.  Held.  Gr.,  page  29,  which 
was  preoccupied. 
Fenestella  quadrangularis,  Hall,  1881, 
Bryozoans  of  the  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig. 
quadrangular.] 

rhombifera,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  rhomb  bearing.] 

rigida,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the  Up. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  rigid.] 

robusta.  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the  Up. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  robust.] 

semirotunda,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of 
the  Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  half  rotund.] 

serrata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the  Up. 
Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  serrated.] 

singularitas,  Hall,  1S81,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  single.] 

stellata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozans  of  the  Up. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  starred.] 

stipata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the  Up. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  pressed  together.] 

striatopora,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  having  striae 
and  pores.  ] 

submutans.  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  chang- 
ing.] 

substriata.  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  stri- 
ated ] 

tantulus,  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  New  Spec. 
Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  so  little.] 

tegulata,  Hall.  1881.  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  tiled.] 

torta,  Hall,  1881,  Brvozoans  of  the  Up. 
Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  twisted.] 

variopora,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  having  different 
pores.] 
Glaucoxome  nodata,  Hall,  1881 ,  Bryozoans 
of  the  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  knotty.] 

sinuosa,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  sinuous.] 

tenuistriata,    Hall,    1881,   Bryozoans  of 
the  "Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  fine  lined.] 
Gorgonia  anticorum,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst. 
Sil.     Not  recognized. 

retiformis,  Hall,  1843,  Geo.  4th  Dist.  N. 
Y  ,  Niagara  Group.  Supposed  to  be 
a  Graptolite. 

siluriana,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil.  Not 
recognized. 
Graptodictya,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5.  [Ety.  grapho, 
to  write;  dictyon,  a  net.]  I  am  un- 
able to  distinguish  the  generic  differ- 
ence between  this  and  Stictopora. 

nitida,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat. 
Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Biv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
neat.] 
Hemithypa  duhia,  Hall,  1876,  is  a  Fenes- 
tella, and  the  name  dubia  being  pre- 
occupied, the  species  is  called  F. 
ambigua. 


292 


BRYOZOA. 


Homotrypa,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.    Hist.,    vol.    5.      [Ety.    homos, 

similar:  try  pa,  a  perf oration.] 
curvata,   Ulrich,   1882,    Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.    Hist.,   vol.   5,   Hud.   Riv.    Gr. 

[Sig.  curved.] 
obliqua,   Ulrich,   1882,  Jour.   Cin.   Soc. 

Nat.    Hist.,  vol.   5,    Hud.   Riv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  oblique.] 
Ixtrapora,    Hall,   1881.   Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.   intra,   within ; 

porus,  a  pore.] 
puteolata,  Hall,  1881,   Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  pitted.] 
Ixtricaria  clathrata,  Miller  &  Dver,  1878, 

Cont.  to  Pal.,  No.  2,  Hud.* Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  latticed.] 
Leioclema,   Ulrich,  1882    Jour.  Cin.   Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5    [Ety.  leios,  smooth ; 

klema,  a  twig.]    Proposed  to  include 

Callopora  punctata,  Hall. 
Lichexalia  alternata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozo- 
ans of  the  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  alter- 
nated.] 
alveata.  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  hollowed  out.] 
bistriata,    Hall,   1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  double  striated.] 
carinata.  Hall.  1881,   Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  carinated.] 
circincta,   Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  encompassed.] 
clivulata.   Hall.   1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.   Held.   Gr.      [Sig.   having    little 

Hills.] 
complexata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  encircled.] 
concentrica  var.   maculata,   Hall,    1879, 

28th  Rep.  N.  Y.  St.  Mus.,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  spotted.] 
conul.ta,  Hall,   1881,    Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.   Held.   Gr.      [Sig.    having  little 

cones.] 
Crustacea,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  having  a  crust  ] 
denticulata,  Hall,  1881.  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  denticulated.] 
granifera,  Hall,  1881.  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.      [Sig  grain  bearing.] 
longispina,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  long  thorned.] 
lunata,   Hall,    1881,    Bryozoans    of   the 

Up   Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  crescent  shaped.] 
paliformis,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  stake  formed.] 
permarginata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of 

the   Up.   Held.    Gr.     [Sig.   having  a 

large  margin  ] 
pyriformis,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held  Gr.     [Sig.  pear  shaped  ] 
radiata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  radiated], 
subcava,   Hall,   1881,  Bryozoans   of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.   somewhat  ex- 
cavated ] 
substellata   Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.     Held.     Gr.       [Sig.     somewhat 

starred.] 


Mitocxema,  Ulrich    1882,  Jour.  Cin.   Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,  vol.   5.      [Ety.   mitos,    a 

thread;  klema.  a  twig.] 
cinctosa.  Ulrich,  1882.  Jour.   Cin.   Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

girded.] 
Moxotrypella,   Ulrich,   1882,  Jour.   Cin. 

Soc,  Nat.    Hist.,   vol.   5.     [Ety.    di- 
minutive of  Monotrypa  ] 
aequalis,   Ulrich,   1882,   Jour.  Cin.   Soc. 

Nat.    Hist.,  vol.    5,   Hud.    Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  equal  ] 
subquadrata,   Ulrich.    1882,   Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  subquadrate.]     Mr.  Ulrich  also 

refers    to  this  genus   Monticulipora 

quadrata. 
Moxticueipora  consimilis.    Ulrich,    18S2, 

Jour.    Cin.   Soc    Nat.    Hist  ,  vol.  5, 

Hud.   Riv.   Gr.     [Sig.  entirely  simi- 
lar.]   Mr.  Ulrich  refers  this  genus  to 

the  Bryozoa. 
laevis,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat. 

Hist.,   vol.   5,   Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig. 

smooth.] 
paiasitica.  Ulrich,  1882.  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,    vol.    5,  Hud.   Riv.    Gr. 

[Sig.  parasitic] 
wetherbyi.  Ulrich.  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,   vol.    5,    Hud.    Riv.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Pachydictya,  Ulrich,  1882.  Jour.  Cin.  Soc 

Nat  Hist.,  vol.  5.  [Ety.  pachys,  thick, 

dictyon,  a  net.] 
robusta,  Ulrich,  1882,   Jour.    Cin.    Soc 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig. 

robust.] 
Paleschara  incrassata.  Hall. 1879, 28th  Jteg. 

Rep.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  thickened.] 
Peroxopora  uniformis,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.      [Sig.    one    formed.]      To    this 

genus    Mr.    Ulrich    refers   Monticu- 
lipora compressa. 
Petigopora,  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,   vol.  5.      Founded  upon 

Monticulipora  petechialis. 
Phyllodictya,   Ulrich.   1882.    Jour.    Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5.  [Ety.  phyllon, 

a  leaf;  dictyon,  a  net  ] 
frondosa,  Ulrich,  1882.  Jour.    Cin.' Soc 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

frondose.] 
Phractopora,  Hall.  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.   Held     Gr.     [Ety.  phraktos,   en- 
closed; poros,  a  pore.] 
cristate.  Hall,  1881,  Brvozoans  of  the  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  crested.] 
Phyllopora,   King,    1849,   Ann.   &   Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.,  2d  ser.  vol.  3  p.  389   [Ety. 

phyllon,  a  leaf;  poros.  a  perforation.] 
variolata.  Ulrich,  1882,  Jour.    Cin.  Soc. 

Nat   Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 

variolated  ] 
Polypora    arkonensis,    n.   sp.,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Ety.   proper  name.]     Proposed    in- 

ste  d  of  P.  tuberculata,  Nicholson,  in 

Geo.  Mag.  for  Apr.,  1874,  and  Rep. 


BKYOZOA. 


293 


Pal.  Prov.  Ont.,  p.  100,  figs.  37,  a,  b,  c- 

Found  at  Arkona,  township   of  Bo- 

sanquet,  Canada. 
Polypora  grandis,   Toula,   1875,  X.  Jahr- 

buch.  Carboniferous.     [Sig.  large.] 
megastoma,     DeKoninck,     1863,     Quar. 

Jour.  Geo.  Soc,  vol.  19,  Carbonifer- 
ous.    [Sig.  large  mouth.] 
tuberculata, "Prout,  is  from  the  Kaskas- 

kia  Gr 
tuberculata,  Xicholson,  see  P.  arkonensis. 
Prasopora  nodosa,  Ulrieh.  1882,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Kiv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  nodose.] 
Prismopora,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.    Held.   Gr.     [Ety.  prismas,  the 

hole  made  by  a  cylindrical  saw ;  poros, 

a  poie.] 
paucirama,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.    Held.    Gr.       [Sig.   having    few 

branches.] 
triquetra,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  three  cornered.] 
Ptilodictya  acuminata,  is  Stictopora  acum- 
inata. 
arctipora    is  Bythopora  arctipora,  from 

the  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
briareus,  Ulrieh,  1882.  Jour.   Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Trenton  Gr.    [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
hilli,  James,  1882  (as  figured  by  Ulrieh), 

Jour.   Cin.   Soc.   Nat.   Hist  ,   vol.  5, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
intemodia,  is  Stictopora  internodia. 
niaculata,  Ulrieh,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 

maculated.] 
magnifies  S.  A.  Miller,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  magnificent.] 
nodosa,  James,  1882  (as  figured  by  Ul- 
rieh), Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 

5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig  nodose.] 
perelegans,  see  Stictopora  perelegans. 
plumaria,    James,   1882   (as   figured   by 

Ulrieh),  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.    Hist', 

vol  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  belonging 

to  a  feather.] 
punctata,  Nicholson  &  Hinde,  1878,  Can. 

Jour.,    Clinton    Gr.       [Sig.     having 

punctures.] 
ramosa,   Ulrieh,   1882,  Jour.    Cin.    Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Trenton  Gr.    [Sig. 

ramose.] 
triangulata,   White,   1878,    Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  triangu- 
lated.] 
Ramipora,  Toula,  1875,  N.  Jahrbuch.  [Ety. 

ramus,  branch;  porus,  pore.] 
hochstetteri,  Toula,  1875,  N.  Jahrbuch, 

Carboniferous.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Retepora   fenestrata  is  from  the  Trenton 

Gr. 
Rhinidictya,  Ulrieh,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5.     [Ety.  rhine,  a  file ; 

dictyon,  a  net.] 
nicholsoni,  Ulrieh,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 


Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Bopalonaria.  Ulrieh,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Xat.  Hist.,   vol.  2.     [Ety.  ropalon,  a 

club.] 
venosa,    Ulrieh,    1879,    Jour.   Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.    Hist.,   vol.  2,   Hud.  Riv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  veiny.] 
Sagkxella  ambigua,  Walcott,  1S79,  Utica 

Slate   and  related  formations,   Utica 

Slate.    [Sig.  ambiguous.] 
Scalaripora,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  scalare,  a  stair- 
case, ladder;  porus,  a  pore.] 
scalariformis,    Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of 

the    Up.    Held.     Gr.      [Sig.    ladder 

formed.] 
subconcava,    Hall,    1881,   Bryozoans  of 

the  Up.  Held.   Gr.    [Sig.  somewhat 

concave.] 
Scenellopora,    Ulrieh,    1882,  Jour.   Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5.     [Ety.  scene, 

a    tent;    ellus,   diminutive;  poros,   a 

pore.] 
radiata,   Ulrieh,   1882,  Jour    Cin.   Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

radiated  ] 
Spatiopora,  Ulrieh,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Xat.    Hist.,   vol.   5.     Founded  upon 

Monticulipora  tuberculata. 
Stictopora    basalis,    Ulrieh,    1882,    Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Xat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Trenton 

Gr.     [Sig.  basal.] 
fruticosa,   Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held  Gr.     [Sig.  bushy.] 
internodia,  Miller  and  Dyer,  1878  (Ptilo- 
dictya internodia).  Cont.  to  Pal.,  No. 

2,    Hud.    Riv.    Gr.      [Sig.    between 

nodes.] 
invertis,    Hall.   1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held  Gr.     [Sig.  inverted.] 
linearis,  Hall,   1881,    Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  linear.] 
orbipora,  Hall,  1879,   Desc.  Xew  Spec. 

Foss.,  XiagaraGr.  [Sig.  having  round 

pores  ] 
ovatipora,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.    Held    Gr.      [Sig.  having  ovate 

pores.] 
perarcta,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  very  close.] 
perelegans,    Ulrieh,    1878     (Ptilodictya 

perelegans)     Jour.    Cin.    Soc.    Xat. 

Hist  ,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig.  very 

elegant.] 
rhomboidea,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig  rhomb  like  ] 
rigida.  Hall   1881,  Bryozoans  of  the  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  rigid.] 
semistriati,  Hall,  1881,  Brvozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  half  striated  ] 
Stictoporella,  Ulrieh,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Xat.  Hist.,  vol.  5.     [Ety.  diminutive 

of  Stictopora.]     I  am  unable  to  dis- 
tinguish this  from  Stictopora. 
interstincta,  Ulrieh,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Xat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Utica  Slate  Gr.  [Sig. 

divided.] 


294 


BRACHIOPODA. 


Stomatopora,  Bronn,  1825,  System  d. 
urwetl.  Pflanzenthiere.  [Ety.  stoma, 
mouth;  poros,  a  perforation.]  This 
name  is  preferred  to  Alecto,  because 
the  latter  name  had  been  used  prior 
to  its  application  among  the  Bryozoa. 
alternata  instead  of  Stromatopora  alter- 
nate,. 
proutana,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

Synocxadia  rectistyla,  Whitfield,  1882, 
Desc.  New  Spec.  Foss.  from  Ohio, 
Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig.  having  straight 
stiles.] 

Thallistigma,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.  (Ety.  thallos,  a  young 
branch  or  twig;  stigma,  a  spot] 
intercellatum,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of 
the  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  being  inter- 
cellular. ] 
lamellatum,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig  lamellated.J 
sparsipora,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  having  few  pores.] 

Thamniscus  multiramus,  Hall, ,1881,  Bryo- 
zoans of  the  Up.   Held.'  Gr.     [Sig. 
many  branched  ] 
nanus,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the  Up. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  dwarf.] 

Thamnopora,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  thamnos,  a  bush ; 
poros,  a  pore.] 
divaricata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  divaricated.] 


Tkhmatopora  alternata.  Hall.  1881,  Bryo- 
zoans of  the  Up.  Held.  Gr.  Sig.  al- 
ternated.] 

americana,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

annulifer,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
ring  bearing.] 

annulata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  annulated.] 

annulata  var.  pronaspina.  Hall,  1881, 
Bryozoans  of  the  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig. 
having  the  prickles  bent  forward.] 

arborea,  Hall,  1881,  Brvozoansof  the  Up. 
Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  tree  like.] 

crebipora,  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  New  Spec. 
Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  having  close 
pores.] 

fragilis,  refer  to  Kinderhook  Gr. 

granulata,  Whitfield.  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
granulated.] 

macropora,  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  New  Spec. 
Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  having  long 
pores.] 

rectilinea,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  straight  lined.] 

scutulata,  Hall,  1881,  Bryozoans  of  the 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  checkered.] 

subimbricata,  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  New 
Spec.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  some- 
what imbricated  ] 

vesiculosa  is  from  the  Burlinston  Gr. 


CLASS    BRACHIOPODA. 


The  Family  Spiriferid^e  in  the  1st  edition  of  this  work  should  be  subdivided  as  follows : 
Family  Athyrid^e — Athyris,  Merista,  Meristella,  Meristina.     Family  Atrypid^e  — 
Atrypa,  Ccelospira,  Zygospira.     Family  Nucleospiri».e — Nucleospira,  Retzia,  Tremato- 
spira.     Family  Spiriferid^; — Spirifera,  Spiriferina,  etc. 


Aegilops,  Hall.  This  name  was  preoccupied 
for  a  genus  in  Botany,  beside  the 
species  is  supposed  to  be  founded 
upon  the  cast  of  a  Lamellibranch. 
Anastrophia  internascens.  Hall,  1879, 
28th  Reg.  Rep.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
growing  between.] 
Athyris  americana,  A.  euzona  and  A. 
formosa,  are  from  the  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

chloe  is  from  the  Ham.  Gr. 

claytoni,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 
Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel,  Waverly 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

clusia,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Jour.,  vol.  5, 
CorniferodS  limestone.  [Sig.  per- 
taining to  Clusium,  the  name  of  a  town 
in  Etruria.] 

corpulenta,  A.  hannibalensis,  and  A. 
prouti,  are  from  the  Kinderhook  Gr. 

obmaxima,  Mc<  hesnev,  1860,  Desc.  New 


Pal.  Foss  ,  p.  80,  Low.  Carb.    [Sig. 

large  in  front.] 
Athyris  ohioensis  is  from  the  Waverly  Gr. 
papilioniformis,  McChesney,  1867,  Trans. 

Chi.   Acad.   Sci.,   vol.    1,    Kaskaskia 

Gr.     [Sig.  butterfly  formed  ] 
pectinifera  is  from  the  Keokuk  Gr. 
persinuata.  Meek,  1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Sur., 

40th  parallel,    Carboniferous.      [Sig. 

very  sinuate.] 
reflexa  is  from  the  Warsaw  Gr. 
trinuclea  instead  of  Terebratula  trinuclea. 
Atrypa  inflata  was  not  defined. 

mansoni,    Salter,     1852     (Rhynchonelia 

mansonij,  Sutherland's  Jour.,  vol.  2, 

Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
nustella,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil.     Not 

recognized, 
phoca,  Salter,  1852  (Rhynchonella  phoca), 
Sutherland's    Jour.,    vol.   2,  Devonian. 

[Sig.  a  sea  dog.] 


BRACHIOPODA. 


Calceola.     This  genus  belongs  to  the  Polypi 

and  the  family  Cyathophyllinae. 
Camarella  ortoni  is  from  the  Niagara  Gr. 
primordialis,    Whitfield,  1878  (Triplegia 
primordialis),   Ann.   Rep.  Geo.    Sur. 

Wis.,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Sig  primordial.] 
waldronensis,     Miller     &     Dyer,     1878 

(Spirifera    (?)   waldronensis).    Jour. 
Cin.  Soc.  N»t.  Hist.,  vol.  I,  Niagara 
Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
<  amarophoria    giftbrdi,     Worthen,     1882, 

Bull.  No.  1,  111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist., 

Middle    Coal    Meas.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
occidentalis,   S.    A.   Miller,   1881,  Jour. 

Cin.  Soe.  Nat.  Hist  ,  vol.  4,  Burling- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  western.] 
Ckxtroxella  allei  is  from  the  Kinderhook 

Gr. 
erassieardinalis,    Whitfield,   1882.    Bull. 

Ann.   Mus.   Nat.   Hist.,   Xo.   3,  War- 
saw Gr.   [Sig.  from  the  thick  eardind 

edges.] 
flora.  Winchell,  1879,  Notices  and  Desc. 

Fogg.,   from  the  Marshall  Gr.     [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
Choxetes   loganensis,    Hall    &   Whitfield, 

1877,  tf.  S.  Geo.  Expl.  40th  parallel, 

Waverly  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
michiganensis,  C.  multicosta.  C.  ornatus, 

belong  to  the   Marshall  or  Choteau 

Group. 
mint'inn,  Hall,   1876,   being  preoccupied, 

is  now  C.  undulatus. 
reversus,    Whitfield,    1882,  Desc.    New 

Spec.   Foss.,   from    Ohio,    Marcellus 

shale      [Sig.  reversed  ] 
striatellus,    Dalman,  1827    (Orthis    stri- 

atella),  Kongl.  Svenska  Ak.  Handl.', 

Up.  Sil.     [Sig.  finely  channeled.] 
undulatus.   Half,   1879^  28th  Reg.  Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  undulated.] 
verneuilanus  var.  utahensis,  Meek,  1S76, 

Simpson's  Rep.  on  Gt.  Basin  of  Utah, 

Carboniferous.      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Crania  carbonaria,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc. 

New   Spec.    Foss.,    from    Ohio,  Coal 

Meas.    [Sig.  from  the  Carboniferous.] 
♦     granulosa,  Winchell,  1880.  8th  Rep.  Geo. 

Sur.   Minn.,   Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  full 

of  granules] 
paraUella,   Ulrich,  1878.  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Xat.   Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     A 

doubtful  species. 
percarinata,  Ulrich,  1878,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist  ,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     A 

doubtful  species, 
socialis,    Ulrich,    1878.   Jour  Cin.    Soc. 

Xat    Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 

social.]    Found  upon  crinoid  columns. 
gpinigera.   Hall,  1879,  Desc.  New  Spec. 

Fogg.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  spine  bear- 
ing.] 
Cryptoxella  lens  instead  of  Terebratula 

lens. 
UnekUeni   instead  of  Terebratula  linck- 

lseni. 


Cyrtixa  acutirostris  is  from  the   Choteau 
Gr. 
euphemia,  Billings,  1863,  Can.  Nat.  and 
Geol.,  vol.  8,  Corniferous  Gr.    [Sig. 
of  good  omen.] 
Discixa  manhattensis,    Meek  &  Hayden. 
1859,   Proc.   Acad.    Nat.   Sci.,    Coal 
Meas.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
marginalis,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  mar- 
gined.] 
meekana,   Whitfield,   1882,    Desc.    New 
Spec.  Foss.  from  Ohio,   Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  proper  name.  | 
microscopica,  Shumard,1861,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  and  Arts.,  vol.  32,  Potsdam  Gr. 
[Sig.  microscopic] 
newberryi  and  D.  patellaris  are  from  the 

Waverly  or  Marshall  Gr. 
saffordi,  Winchell,  is  from  the  Marshall 

Gr. 
sublamellosa,   Ulrich,   1878,    Jour.    Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.    Probably  the  cast  of 
a  Trematis. 
tenuilineata,  Meek  &  Hayden,  1859,  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.   Sci.,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 
fine  lined.] 
tenuistriata,  Ulrich,  1878,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.      Probably  the  cast  of  a 
Trematis. 
Gypidula  munda,  Calvin,  1878,  Bull.  U.  S. 
Geo.  Sur.,  vol.  4,  No.  3,  Low.  Devo- 
nian.    [Sig.  elegant.] 
Hemipronites  americanus,  refer  to  Streptor- 

hynchus  americanum. 
Koxixckia  americana  is  from  the  Kaskas- 

kia  Gr. 
Kutorgixa  minutissima,  Hall  &  Whitfield, 
1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Expl.  40th  parallel, 
Potsdam  Gr.    [Sig.  very  small.] 
Leiorhyxchus  laura,  Billings,  May,  1860 
(Rhynchonella    laura),    Can.    Jour., 
Ham.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
multicosta  was  regarded  by  Billings  as  a 
6yn.  for  L.  laura. 
Lept.exa  melita,   Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877, 
U.  S.  Geo.  Expl.  40th  parallel,  Pots- 
dam Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
plicatella,   Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Nat.   Hist.,   vol.  2,   Utica  Slate  Gr. 
[Sig.  having  small  folds.] 
vicina,  Castelnau,  1843,   Syst.   Sil.     Not 
recognized.] 
Lixgula  acutangula,  Roemer,  1852,  Kreid. 
von    Texas,     Silurian.       [Sig.    acute 
angled.] 
billingsana,  Whiteaves,  1878,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.    &    Arts,    3d    ser.,   vol.   16,  St. 
John's  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
densa  was  described  in  1863,  in  16th  Reg. 

Rep. 
elderi,  Whitfield,  1880.  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  & 
Arts     3d  ser.,   vol.   19  Trenton  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
gibbosa,   Hall,   1879,    Desc.  New    Spec. 

Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  gibbous.] 
hurlbuti,     Winchell,     1880,     Geo     Sur. 


BEACHIOPODA. 


Minn.,  8th  Rep.,  Galena  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Lixgula  iowensis,  Owen,  1840,  Rep.  Min. 

Lands,  Iowa.  Wis.,  and  111.,  Galena 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
melie  was  described  in  1863,'in  16th  Reg. 

Rep. 
membranacea,  is  from  the  Marshall  Gr. 
rectilatera.    Restore  it. 
striata,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  striated.] 
Lingulepis  cuneolus,  Whitfield,  1877,  Pre- 
lim. Rep.  Pal.,  Black  Hills,  Potsdam 

Gr.     [Sig.  a  little  wedge.] 
ella,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S.  Expl. 

40th     parallel,     Quebec    Gr.      [Sig. 

small.] 
msera,  Hall  &  Whitfield,    1877,   U.   S. 

Expl.    40th    parallel,    Potsdam    Gr. 

[Etjr.  mythological  name.] 
minuta,  Hall  &  Whitfield,   1877,  U.  S. 

Expl.    40th    parallel,    Potsdam    Gr. 

[Sig.  minute.] 
perattenuata,   Whitfield,    1877,   Prelim. 

Rep.  Pal.,  Black  Hills,  Potsdam  Gr. 

[Sig.  very  attenuated.] 
Mekistella  rectirostra,   Hall,  1879,   Desc. 

New  Spec.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

straight  beak.] 
Nucleospira    rotundata,  Whitfield,   1882, 

Desc.   New  Spec.  Foss.   from  Ohio, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  rounded.] 
OBOLELLAdesquamata,is  founded  according 

to  Ford  on  the  dorsal  valve  of  O. 

crassa,  and  should  be  referred  to  the 

Lower  Potsdam  Gr. 
discoidea,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 

Geo.    Expl.   40th   parallel,   Potsdam 

Gr.     [Sig.  discoid.] 
Okbiculoidea  conica,  Dwight,   1880,   Am. 

Jour.  Sci.  and  Arts,  3d  Ser.,  vol.  19, 

Trenton  Gr.     [Sig.  conical.] 
Orthis     altemans,    Castelnau,    1843.     Not 

recognized. 
amo3na,  Winchell,  1880.  Geo.  Sur.  Minn. 
.      8th    Rep.,    Hud.    Riv.     Gr.        [Sig. 

pleasant] 
charlottae,    Winchell,    1880,    Geo.    Sur. 

Minn.  8th  Rep.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
cincinnatensis,   n     sp     Hud.   Riv.   Gr., 

Cincinnati,   Ohio.    Proposed  instead 

of  Orthis  costata,  Hall,  1845,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.  and  Arts.    This  is  a  very  small 

species,  found  associated  with  other 

minute  fossils  on -Vine  street  hill, 
circularis,    Winchell,    1880,    Geo.    Sur. 

Min.  8th  Rep.,  Hud.  Riv.   Gr.     [Sig. 

circular.] 
clytie  is  from  the  Trenton  Gr. 
conradi,    Castelnau,  1843.     Not  recog- 
nized, 
conradi.  Winchell.  1880,  Geo.  Sur.  Minn. 

8th  Rep  ,  H  ud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
cooperensis  is  from  the  Warsaw  Gr. 
costata     Hall,    being    preoccupied,    see 

Orthis,  cincinnatensis. 


Orthis  dalyana,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,   Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.4,  Burling- 
ton, Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ella,   O.  emacerata,   and  O.  jamesi,  are 

from  the  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
eryna  was  described  in  1863  in  the  16th 

Reg.  Rep. 
flabellurn,  Sowerby,  1839,  in  Murch.  Sil. 

Syst.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  a  small  fan.] 
flava,  and  O.  occasus  are  from  the  Kinder- 
hook  Gr. 
huronensis,    Castelnau,   1843,   Syst.    Sil. 

Not  recognized, 
infera,   Calvin,   1878,   Bull.   U.   S.  Geo. 

Sur.  Terr.,  vol.  4,  No.   3,   Low.   De- 
vonian.    [Sig.  underground.] 
kassubae,    Winchell,     1880,     Geo      Sur. 

Minn.  8th  Rep.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
media,  Winchell,  1880.  Geo.  Sur.  Minn. 

8th  Rep.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  in  the 

middle  ] 
minneapolis,  Winchell,  1880,  Geo.   Sur. 

Minn.,  8th  Rep.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.   [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
pogonipensis,    Hall   &   Whitfield,    1877, 

U.  S.  Geo.  Expl.  40th  parallel,  Chazy 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
schohariensis,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil. 

Not  recognized, 
scovillei,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
sectostriata,  Ulrich,  syn.  for  O.  ella. 
■     striatella,  see  Chonetes  striatellus. 

subelliptica,    White   &  Whitfield,  1862, 

Proc.   Bost.    Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  8, 

Kinderhook  Gr.     [Sig.  subelliptical.j 
suhnodosa.  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  New  Spec. 

Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  subnodose.] 
Pextamerus    beaumonti,    Castelnau,    1843, 

Syst.  Sil.     Not.  recognized, 
coppingeri,  Etheridge,  1878,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc,  vol.  34,  Up.  Silurian.  [Ety; 

proper  name.] 
deshayesi,    Castelnau,     1843,    Syst     Sil. 

Not  recognized, 
lenticularis,    White  &   Whitfield,   1862, 

Proc.   Bost.   Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  8, 

Kinderhook  Gr.     [Sig.  lenticular.] 
pesovis.    Whitfield,    1882,    Desc.    New 

Spec.   Foss..  from  Ohio,  Low.  Held. 

Gr.     [Sig.  sheep  foot.] 
trisinuatus,     McChesney,     1861,    Desc. 

New  Pal.  Foss.,  p.  86,  Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  three  furrowed.] 
Poramboxites  obscurus,  Hall  &  Whitfield, 

1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Expl.  40th  parallel, 

Quebec  Gr.     [Sig.  obscure.] 
Productus  callawayensis,  is  from  the  Ham. 

Gr. 
cooperensis,  P.  cnrtirostratus,  P.  dolor- 

osus,  and  P.  parvulus,  are  from  the 

Choteau  or  Kinderhook  Gr. 
coriformis,  is  from  the  Kaskaskia  Gr. 
depressus,  and  P.  fentonensis,  are  from 

the  Keokuk  Gr. 


BEACHIOPODA. 


297 


Prodcctus  hepar,  Morton,  1836,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.  &  Arts.,  vol.  29,  Goal  Mens.    Not 

recognized, 
nanus,  Meek  &   Worthen.    1860,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  a 

dwarf.] 
nevadensis,  Meek.  1877,  U.  S.,  Geo.  Sur., 

40th   parallel,   Carboniferous.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
poallum,  Morton,  1836,  Am.  Jour.   Sci. 

&  Arts,  vol.  29,   Coal  Meas.      Not 

recognized, 
pyxidiformis,  DeKoninck,   1847.  Mono- 

graphie  du    genre    Productus,   Sub- 
carboniferous.     [Sig.  box  like.] 
subhorridus.  Meek,  1877,  IT.  S.  Geo.  Sur., 

40th  parallel,   Carboniferous.      [Sig. 

somewhat  like  P.  horridus.] 
sulcata*,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil.    Not 

recognized. 
Ri.nssel.eria  condoni  instead|ofR.conradi. 
Retzia  evax  instead  of  Rhynchospira  evax. 
,  marcyi,  is  from  the  Kaskaskia  Gr. 
osagensis,  angl  R.  popana,  are  from  the 

Choteau  Gr. 
sexplicata,    White    &   Whitfield,    1862, 

Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.   Hist.,  vol.   8, 

Kinderhook  Gr.      [Sig.    having    six 

folds.] 
woosteri,  White,  1879,  Bull.  U.  S.  Sur., 

vol.   5,    No.    2,    Coal    Meas.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Rhyxciioxella     ambigua,     Calvin,    1878, 

Bull.  U.  S.  Geo.  Sur.,  vol.  4,   No.   3, 

Low.  Devonian.     [Sig.  ambiguous.] 
arctirostrata  and    R.    perrostellata    are 

from  the  Kaskaskia  Gr. 
boonensis  and  R.  ringens   are   from  the 

Burlington  Gr. 
cooperensis.   R    heteropsis,    R.    micro- 
pleura,   R.   missouriensis,    R.   obso- 

lescens,  R.  persinuata  and  R.    unica 

are  from  the  Choteau  or  Kinderhook 

Gr. 
cuneata,  refer  to  Rhynchotreta  cuneata 

var.  americana. 
eatoniformis    is    a    Syn    for    R.    rocky- 

montana. 
emmonsi.  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 

Geo.  Expl.  40th  parallel,  Devonian. 

[Etv.  proper  name.] 
hydraulica.  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.   New 

Spec.  Foss.  from  Ohio,   Low.   Held. 

Gr.        [Sig.     hydraulic,     from     the 

hydraulic  limestone  ] 
internodia,  Barris,    1879,   Proc.    Daven- 
port   Acad.    Sci.,    Corniferous    Gr. 

[Sig.  between  nodes.] 
laura,  see  Leiorhynchus  laura. 
rnansoni.  see  Atrypa  mansoni. 
medea,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Jour.,  vol.  5, 

Corniferous  limestone.     [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 
neenah,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 

Sur.  Wis.,  Trenton  Gr.     Ety.  proper 

name.] 
neglects  var  scobina  is  from  the  Niagara 

Gr. 


Rhyxchoxella  nucula,  Sowerby,  1839 
(Terebratula  nucula),  Murch.  Sil. 
Syst.,  Up.  Sil.    [Sig.  a  small  nut.] 

oppositi,  White  &  Whitfield,  1862,  Proc. 
Bost  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  8,  Kinder- 
hook Gr.     [Sig.  opposite.] 

perlamellosa,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
very  lamellose  ] 

phoca,  see  Atrypa  phoca. 

raricosta,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.  New 
Spec.  Foss.,  from  Ohio,  Up.  Held. 
Gr.    [Sig.  having  few  costoe.] 

rockymontana,  Marcou,  1858  (Tere- 
bratula rockymontana) ,  Geo.  North 
America,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

sinuata  may  be  erased. 

stricklandi,  Sowerby,  1839  (Terebratula 
sticklandi),  Murch.  Sil.  Syst.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 

tuta,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Burlington  Gr. 
[Sig.  examined.] 

warrenensis  is  from  the  Ham.  Gr. 

whitii.  Hall,  1863,  being  preoccupied,  see 
Rhynchonelbi  whitiana. 

whitiana,  n.  sp.,  Niagara  Gr.,  from 
Waldron,  Indiana.  Proposed  instead 
of  R.  whitii.  Hall,  1863,  Trans.  Alb. 
Inst.,  vol.  4,  p.  216,  and  also  in  28th 
Rep.  N.Y.  St.  Mns.  Nat.  Hist.,  p.  164, 
pi.  26,  figs.  23-33,  and  again  in  the 
llth  Ann.  Rep.  Geol.  &  Nat.  Hist,  of 
Indiana,  p.  307,  pi.  26,  figs.  23-33. 
Rhynchospira  is  a  syn.  for  Retzia. 

evax,  refer  to  Retzia  evax. 

sinuata  was  described  by  Hall,  in  1860, 
Can.  Nat.  &  Geo.,  vol.  5. 
Rhyxchotreta,  Hall,  1879,  28th  Reg.  Rep. 
[Ety.   rhynchos,  beak;  tretos,   with  a 
hole  in  it.] 

cuneata  var.  americana.  Hall.  1879,  28th 
Reg.  Rep  ,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

quadriplicata,  S.   A.  Miller,  instead  of 
Trematospira  quadriplicata. 
Spirifera  alata,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil. 
Not  recognized. 

albapinensis,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U. 
S.  Geo.  Expl.  40th  parallel,  Waverly 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

aldrichi,  Etheridge,  1878,  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc,  vol.  34,  Devonian.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

amara.  S.  cooperensis,  S.  hannibalensis, 
S.  marionensis,  S.  missouriensis,  S. 
semiplicata.  and  S.  vernonensis,  are 
from  the  Choteau  or  Kinderhook  Gr. 

arctica,  Haughton,  1857,  Jour.  Roy.  Soc. 
Dub  ,  vol.  1.  Devonian.     [Sig.  arctic] 

argentaria,  Meek,  1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Sur., 
40th  parallel,  Devonian.  [Sig.  per- 
taining to  silver.] 

atwaterana,  S.  A.  Miller,  1878,  Proc 
Davenport  Acad.  Sci.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.]  Proposed  instead  of 
8.  pennata,  which  was  preoccupied. 


BKACHIOPODA. 


Spirifera  bicostata  var.  petila,  Hall,  1879, 
Desc.  New  Spec.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  thin.] 

clara  and  S.  translata  are  from  the  Kas- 
kaskia  Gr. 

conradana,  n.  sp,  Oriskany,  Up.  Held, 
and  Ham.  Gr.  Proposed  instead  of 
S.  fimbriata  of  Conrad  in  Jour.  Acad. 
Nat  Sci.,  vol.  8,  p.  263,  which  was 
preoccupied. 

costalis,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil.  Not 
recognized. 

crispa  var.  simplex,  Hall,  1879,  Desc. 
New  Spec.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
simple.] 

fastigata,  Morton,  1836.  Am  Jour.  Sci. 
and  Arts,  vol.  29,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
sloping  up  to  a  point.] 

fastigata,  Meek  &  Worthen.  The  name 
was  preoccupied  by  Morton.  See  S. 
mortonana. 

fimbriata,  Morton,  1836,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 
and  Arts,  vol.  29,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
fringed.] 

fimbriata,  Conrad.  The  name  was  pre- 
occupied.    See  S.  conradana. 

fischeri,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil.  Not 
recognized. 

hirtus,  White  &  Whitfield,  1862,  Proc. 
Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  8,  Kinder- 
hook  Gr.     [Sig.  hairy,  rough  ] 

huronensis,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil.' 
Not  recognized. 

inaequivalvis  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil. 
Not  recognized. 

ligus,  Owen,  1852,  Eep.  Geo.  Bur.  Wis., 
Iowa  and  Minn.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

macropleura,  Castelnau,  1843.  The  name 
was  preoccupied. 

meeki,  is  from  the  Burlington  Gr. 

mortonana,  n.  sp.,  Keokuk  Gr.  Pro- 
posed instead  of  S.  fastigata,  of  Meek 
and  Worthen,  1870,  in  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  p.  36,  and  afterward  in  Geo. 
Sur.  111.,  vol.  6,  p.  521,  pi.  30,  fig.  3, 
from  Crawfordsville,  Indiana. 

mucronata,  Conrad,  syn.  for  S.  pennata. 

multicostata,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil. 
Not  recognized. 

murchisoni,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil. 
Not.  recognized. 

novamexieana,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour. 
Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Burling- 
ton Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pennata,  Atwater,  1820  (Terebratula 
pennata)  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts,  vol. 
2,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  winged.] 

pennata,   Owen.    The  name  was  preoc- 
cupied, see  S.  atwaterana. 
rostrata,  Morton,  1836,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  & 
Arts,    vol.    29,     Coal    Meas.      [Sig. 
beaked.] 
semiplicata,  is  a  syn.  for  S.  cooperensis. 
sheppardi,    Castelnau,    1843,    Syst.    Sil. 

Not  recognized. 
sowerbyi,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil.   Not 
recognized. 


Spirifera  strigosa,  Meek,  1860,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Devonian.  Proposed  in- 
stead of  S.  macra,  Meek,  which  was 
preoccupied.     [Sig.  thin.] 

subvaricosa,  is  from  the  Chemung  Gr. 

taneyensis.  SAvallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  1,  Kinderhook 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

temeraria,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Burlington 
Gr.     [Sig.  casual.} 

troosti,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil.  Not 
recognized. 

utahensis,  Meek,  1860,  syn.  for  S.  nor- 
woodi. 

icaldronensis,  Miller  &  Dyer,  refer  to 
Camarella  waldronensis. 

waverlyensis,   Winchell,    1870,    Notices 
and" Desc.  Foss.,  from  Marshall  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Spiriferlna  spinosa  is  from  the  Kaskaskia 

Gr. 
Streptorhynchus  americanum.  Whitfield, 
1878      (Hemipronites      americmns), 
Ann.  Kep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Hud.  Kiv. 
Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 

cardinale,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann.  Eep. 
Geo.  S.ir.  Wis.,  Hud.  Kiv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
cardinal.] 

flabellum,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.  New 
Spec.  Foss.,  from  Ohio,  Up.  Held. 
Gr.     [Sig.  a  small  fan.] 

hydraulicnm,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.  New 
Spec.  Foss.,  from  Ohio,  Low.  Held. 
Gr.  [Sig.  hydraulic,  from  the 
hydraulic  limestone.] 

inflatum,  White  &  Whitfield,  1862,  Proc. 
Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  8,  Kin- 
derhook Gr.     [Sig.  inflated.] 

occidentalis,  Newberry,  syn.  for  Meekella  • 
striato-costata. 

pyramidalis,  Newberry,  syn.  for  Meek- 
ella striato-costata. 
Stricklandinia      multilirata,      Whitfield, 
1878,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  many  furrowed.] 
Strophalosia  numularis,  is  from  the  Mar- 
shall Gr. 
Strophodonta    altidorsata,   S.    boonensis, 
S.  cymbiformis.  S.  inflexa.  S.kemperi, 
S.  navalis  and  S.  subcymbiformis  are 
from  the  Ham.  Gr. 

calvini,  n.  sp.  Upper  Helderberg  Gr. 
Proposed  instead  of  S.  quadrata, 
Calvin,  1878,  in  Bull.  U.  S.  Geo.  Sur. 
Terr  ,  vol.  4,  No.  3,  which  was  pre- 
occupied. 

feildeni,  Etheridge.  1878,  Qnar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc,  vol  34,  Up.  Sil.  |Ety. 
proper  name  ] 

quadrata,  Swallow,  1860,  Trans.  St. 
Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  1,  Ham.  Gr. 
[Sig.  quadrate.] 

quadrata,  Calvin,  1878,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geo. 
Sur.  Terr.,  vol.  4,  No.  3.  The  name 
was  preoccupied,  see  S.  calvini. 

sernifasciata,  refer  to  Strophonella  semi- 
fasciata. 


PTEROPODA. 


299 


Strophodoxta  striata  instead  of  Stropho- 
mena  striata. 

varhbilis,  Calvin,  1878,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geo. 
Sur.,  vol.  4,  No.  3,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 
[Sig.  variable.] 
Strophomexa  donneti.  Salter,  1852, 'Suther- 
land's Jour  ,  vol.  2,  Devonian.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

kingi.  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 
Sur.  Wis.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

nemea.  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 
Geo.  Sur.  40th  parallel,  Quebec  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

rhombbidalis,  should  be  credited  to 
Wilckens.  1769  (Conchites  rhomboid- 
alis  ,  Nachrieht  von  Seltener  Verst. 
Its  range  is  from  the  Lower  Silurian 
to  the  Keokuk  Gr. 

striata  refer  to  Strophodonta  striata 

wisconsinensis,    Whitfield,    1880,    Ann. 
Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Hud.   Riv.   Gr.' 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Strophoxella,  Hall,  1879.  28th  Reg-  Rep. 
[Ety.  diminutive  of  Strophos  twisted.] 
Hall  refers  to  this    genus   Stropho- 
donta ampla,   S.   eaelata,   S.  cavum 
bona,  S.  leavenworthana.  S.   punctu- 
lifera,  S.  revei  sa  and  S.  semifasciata. 
Syrixgothyris  lialli,  is  from  the   Kinder- 
hook  Gr.,  and  S.  typus  is  found  in  the 
Kiuderhook  and  Keokuk  Groups. 
Terebratula    acumfnatissima,     Castelnau. 
Not  recognized. 

arcuata.  Swallow,  see  T.  shumardana. 

borealis,  Castelnau.     Not  recognized. 

brevilobata,  is  from  the  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

gracilis,  Swallow,  see  T.  swallovana. 

lapillus,  Morton,  1836,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  & 


Arts,  vol.  29,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  a  little 

stone.] 
Terebratula  Zens,refer  to  Cry ptonella  lens. 
Knckkeni,  refer  to  Cryptonella  lincklaeni. 
nuciformis,   Morton,   1836,    Am.    Jour. 

Sci.  &  Arts,  vol.  29,  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 

nut  formed.] 
nucula.  see  Rhynchonella  nucula. 
pennata,  see  Spirifera  pennata. 
rocky montana,  see  Rhynchonella  rocky- 

montana. 
shumardana,  n.  sp.,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  Pro- 
posed instead  of  T.  arcuata,  Swallow, 

1863,  Trans.   St.    Louis  Acad.   Sci., 

vol.  2,  p.  83.  which  was  preoccupied. 
stricklandi,  see  Rhynchonella  stricklandi. 
swallovana,  n.'sp..  Kaskaskia  Gr.     Pro- 
posed instead  of  T.  gracilis,  Swallow, 

1863,  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  vol. 

2,  p.  83,  which  was  preoccupied. 
trinuclea,  refer  to  Athyris  trinuclea. 
utah,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S.  Geo. 

Expl.    40th    parallel,    Waverly    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
valenciennei,  Castelnau,  1843,   Syst.  Sil. 

Not  recognized. 
Trematis  quincuncialis.    Miller    &   Dyer, 

1878,  Cont.  to  Pal.  No.  2,  Hud.  Riv.Gr. 

[Sig.  from  the  quincunx  punctures.] 
Trematospira  quadriplicata,    S.    A.    Miller, 

refer  to  Rhynchotreta  quadriplicata. 
Triplesiaprimordialis,  see  Camarella  primor- 

dialis 
putillus, Hall.  1879,  Desc.  New  Spec. Foss., 

syn.  for  Camarella  waldronensis. 
Zygospira  concentrica,  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour. 

Cin.  Soc!  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  concentric] 
minima,   Hall,   1879,   Desc.   New  Spec. 

Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig.  the  least.]  ' 


CLASS    PTEROPODA. 


Clathroccelia.  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

5,  pt.  2.  [Ety.  clathro,  latticed;  koilia, 

the  belly.] 
eborica.  Hall.  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.   5, 

pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Coleolus,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5,  pt. 

2.     [Ety.  koleos.  a  sheath.] 
acicula  instead  of  Orthoceras  acicula. 
aciculatus  instead  of  dentalium  acicula- 

tum. 
crenatocinctus,   Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y., 

vol.  5.  pt.   2,    Up.  Held.   Gr.     TSig 

notched  around.] 
gracilis,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

pt.  2,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  slender] 
mohri,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5.  pt. 

2,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
spinulus,  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  New   Spec. 

Foss.,    Niagara    Gr.      [Sig.    a    little 

thorn.] 
tenuicinctus  instead  of  Coleoprion  tenui- 

cinctum. 


Coleoprion,    tenue.    Hall,    1879,   Pal.   of 

N.  Y.,  vol.  5,  pt.  .2,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

thin.] 
Coxularia  continens  var.  rudis,  Hall,  1879, 

Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5,  pt.  2,  Ham    Gr. 

[Sig.  rude  ] 
crustula,   White,  1880,  12th  Rep.  U.  S. 

Geo    Sur.  Terr.,   Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

a  little  crust.] 
formosa,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  beautiful.] 
indentata,    Conrad,   1854,   Proc.    Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  7,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 

indented.] 
infrequens.  Hall.  1879,  Desc.  New  Spec. 

Foss..  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  infrequent.] 
multicostata,    Meek   &   Worthen,   1865. 

Proc.  Acad.  Nar.  Sci.,  Waverly  Gr, 

[Sig.  many  ribbed.] 
osagensis,  is  from  the  Kaskaskia  Gr. 
subcarbonaria,    was    first    described    in 

1865,  in  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 


300 


GASTEROPODA. 


CoNULARiAverneuilana,  Emmons.  1846, Am. 

Quar.  Jour.  Agr.  &  Sci.,  vol.  4,  Low. 

Carb.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
whitei,   Meek  &   Worthen,   1865,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Waverly  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Hyolithes,  Eichwald,   1840,   Sil.  Schicht. 

Syst.  in  Ehstl. 
aculeatus  instead  of  Theca  aculeata,  and 

it  is  from  the  Kinderhook  Gr. 
baconi,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 

Sur.  Wis.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
gregarius  instead  of  Theca  gregaria. 
parviusculus  instead  of  Theca  parvius- 

cula. 
singulus,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  5, 

pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  single.] 
triliratus,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  5, 

pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  three  fun-owed.] 
Styliola,  Lesueur,  1826.    [Ety.  from  stylos, 

a  pillar.] 


Styliola  fissurella,  Hall,  1843,  instead  of 

Tentaculites  fissurellus. 
fissurella  var.  intermittens,  Hall,  1879, 

Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  5,  pt.  2,  Gennessee 

Slate.     [Sig.  intermitting.] 
fissurella  var.   obsolescens,   Hall,   1879, 

Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.   5,  pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  obsolete.] 
fissurella  var.  strigata,  Hall,  1879,  Pal. 

N.  Y..  vol.  5,  pt.  2,  Marcellus  shale. 

[Sig.  fluted.] 
obtusa,  Hall.  1879,  Pal.  X.  Y.,  vol.  5,  pt. 

2,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  obtuse.] 
Tentaculites  gracilistriatus,    Hall,    1879. 

Pal    X.  Y.,   vol.  5    pt.  2,  Marcellus 

shale.     [Sig.  slender  furrowed.] 
neglectus,    Nicholson    &    Hinde,    1874, 

Can.  Jour.,   Clinton  Gr.      [Sig.  ne- 
glected.] 
ornatus  is  not  an  American  species. 
Theca.    The  species  under  this  genus  may 

be  referred  to  Hyolithes. 


CLASS    GASTEROPODA. 


Aclis,  Loven,  1846,  Index  Mollusc,  litora 
Scandin.  occid.  habit.  Refer  A. 
minuta,  A.  robusta,  and  A.  swallo- 
vana  to  the  genus  Aclisina. 

stevensoni,  see  Aclisina  stevensoni. 

Aclisina    DeKoninck,     1881,     Faune    du 

Calcaire   Carbonifere   de  la  Belgique 

Ann.   d.   Mus.    Roy.     d'Hist.   Nat., 

tome  6.     [Ety.  from  tne  genus  Aclis.  ] 

stevensoni,  White,  1882  (Aclis  steven- 
soni). Rep.  Invert.  Foss.  New  Mex., 
Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Anthracopupa,  Whitfield,  1881,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  &  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  21.  [Ety. 
anthrax,  coal;  Pupa,  a  genus.] 

ohioensis,  Whitfield,  1881,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  &  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol  21,  Coal 
Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Bellerophon  alternodosus,  Whitfield,  1882, 
Desc.  New  Spec.  Foss.,  from  Ohio. 
Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig.  having  alter- 
nate nodes.] 

antiquatus,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Sig. 
antiquated  ] 

bilabiatus,  White  &  Whitfield,  1862, 
Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  8, 
Kinderhook  Gr.     [Sig.  two  lipped.] 

explanatus,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
5,  pt.  2,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  spread 
out.] 

gibsoni,  White,  1882.  11th  Rep.  Geol.  & 
Nat.  Hist..  Indiana,  St.  Louis  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

helena.  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y..  vol.  5. 
pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

hyalina,  Hull,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
pt.  2,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  of  glass.] 

inspeciosus,    White,  18S2,  Rep.  Invert. 


Foss.,  New  Mex.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 

not  handsome.] 
Bellekophon  lineolatus  is  from  the  Kinder- 
hook Gr. 
morrowensis,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Cont. 

to  Pal.  No.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
nactus,  Hall,   1879,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

pt.  2,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  stumbled 

on.] 
natator  instead  of  Phragmostoma  nata- 

tor. 
pelops  var.  exponens,  Hall,  1879.  Pal. 

N.  Y..  vol.  5,  pt.  2,  Up.  Held.   Gr. 

[Sig.  exposed.] 
perelegans.   White  &    Whitfield,     1862, 

Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.   Hist.,  vol.  8, 

Kinderhook  Gr.     [Sig.  very  elegant.] 
perforatus,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  1866,  syn. 

for  Bucania  chicagoensis. 
.punctifrons,  refer  to  Bucania  punctifrons. 
repertus,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  5, 

pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig  discovered.] 
rotalinea,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  5, 

pt.  2,  Ham   Gr.     [Sig.  round  lined.] 
rugosus,  Emmons,  1856,  Am  Geol.,  Utica 

Slate  Gr.     [Sig.  rugose.] 
subpapillosus,  White,  1879,  Bull.  U.   S. 

Geo.  Sur.  Ter.,  vol.  5,  Carboniferous. 

[Sig.  somewhat  papillated.] 
vinculatus,  White  and  Whitfield,   1862, 

Proc.  Bost.  Soc.   Nat.   Hist.,   vol.   8, 

Kinderhook  Gr.     [Sig.  bound.] 
wisconsinensis.    Whitfield,    1878,    Ann. 

Rep.   Geo.   Sur.    Wis.,   Trenton  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Bucania  buelli,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann  Rep. 

Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
devonicais  from  the  Upper  Held.  Gr. 


GASTEROPODA. 


301 


Bucaxia  punetifrons  should  be  referred  to 
Emmons,  1842  (Bellerophon  puneti- 
frons),  Geo.  Rep.  N.  Y.,  Black  River 
and  Trenton  Grk 
Bulimoepha,  Whitfield,  1882,  Bull.  Am. 
Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  No.  3. 
bulimiformis  instead  of  Polyphemopsis 

bulimiformis. 
canalieulata    instead  of  Polyphemopsis 

canaliculate, 
elongate     instead     of      Polyphemopsis 
elongate. 
Caleonema,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  5, 
pt.   2.       [Ety.   kallos,   beautiful  ;   nema, 

thread.] 
bellatulum  instead  of  Loxonema  bellatu- 
lum,  and  from  the  Up.   Held.    Gr. 
[Sig.  pretty.] 
imitator  instead  of  Pleurotomaria  imita- 
tor, and  from  Ham.  Gr. 
liehas  instead  of  Platystoma  lichas. 
Chemxjjzia     tenuiiineata,     is     from     the 

Choteau  Gr. 
Chiton  oecidentalis.    Hildreth.   1837.  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts,  vol.  31,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  western.] 
Clisospira   oecidentalis,    Whitfield,    1878, 
Ann.  Rep.  Geo.   Sur.  Wis.,  Trenton 
Gr.     [Sig.  western.] 
Cycloxema    cincinnatense,   S.   A.    Miller, 
1882.  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 
5.    Utica    Slate    Gr.       [Ety.    proper 
name.] 
doris  instead  of  Pleurotomaria  doris. 
leavenworthanum  instead  of  Pleurotom- 
aria leavenworthana, 
subangulatum  instead  of  Pleurotomaria 
subangulata. 
Cyclora  depressa,  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr, 
[Sig.  depressed.! 
pulcella,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  beautiful  little.] 
Cyrtolites    magnus,    S.  A.  Miller,    1878, 
Jour.   Cin.   Soc.   Nat.  Hist.,   vol.  1, 
Bud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  large.] 
nitidulus,  Ulrich,  1878,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Nat.    Hist.,   vol.  2,   Utica    Slate   Gr. 
[Sig.  neat.] 
sinuatus,    Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 
Geo.  Expl.  40th  parallel,  Quebec  Gr 
[Sig.  sinuated.] 
Cyrtoxella,  Hall.  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
pt.  2.     A  subgenus  under  Cyrtolites 
to  include  C.  mitella  and  C.  pileolus. 
Dextalium    aciculatum,    refer  to   Coleolus 
•  acieulatns. 
grandsevum  is  from  the  Marshall  Gr. 
martini,    Whitfield,    1882,    Desc.     New 
Spec.   Foss.,   from   Ohio,   Up.  Held. 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name] 
Discolites,  Emmons,  syn.  for  Cyclora. 

minutus,  see  Cyclora  minute. 
Euxkma   priscum,   is  from  the  Calciferous 
Gr. 


Euomphalus  amnion,  White  &  Whitfield, 
1862,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 
8,  Kinderhook  Gr.     [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 
boonensis,  is  from  the  Burlington  Gr. 
decewi,  refer  to  Pleuronotus  decewi. 
gyroceras  Rcemer,  1852,  Kreid.  von  Tex., 

Silurian.     [Sig.  a  circular  horn.] 
hecale  var.  corpulens,  Hall,   1879,  Pal. 
N.  Y.,  vol.  5,  pi.  27,  Chemung  Gr. 
[Sig.  corpulent.] 
luxus,  White,  1875,  Expl.  W.  100th  me- 
ridian, Low.  Carb.    [Sig.  dislocated.] 
macrolineatus,     Whitfield,    1878,    Ann. 
Rep.    Geo.   Sur.   Wis.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  long  lined.] 
minutissimus,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil. 
Not  recognized. 
•  ophirensis,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 
Geo.  Expl.   40th  parallel,  Waverly 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
polygyratus,  Rcemer,   1852,   Kreid.  von 
Texas,  Silurian.     [Sig.  many  coiled.] 
sanctisabae,  Rcemer,  Kreid.  von  Texas, 

Silurian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
spirorbis,  is  from  the  Kinderhook  Gr. 
strongi,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 
Sur.    Wis.,    Magnesian    Gr.      [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
trochiscus,  refer  to  Raphistoma  trochis- 

cus. 
utahensis,  refer  to  Straparollus  utehensis. 
verneuili,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil.   Not 
recognized. 
Eotrochus,    Whitfield,    1882,    Bull.    Am. 
Mus.  Nat.   Hist.,  No.  3.     [Ety.  eos, 
dawn ;  Trochus,  a  genus  of  shells.] 
concavus,  Hall,  instead  of  Pleurotomaria 
concava. 
Fusispira  compacta,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877, 
U.  S.  Expl.  40th  parallel,  Quebec  Gr. 
[Sig.  compact.] 
Helicotoma  naresi,  Etheridge,  1878,  Quar. 
Jour.    Geo.    Soc,  vol.  34,   Up.   Sil. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
serotina,  is  from  the  Corniferous  lime- 
stone. 
Holopea  conica,  is  from  the  Marshall  Gr., 
and  H.  eriensis  from  the  Corniferous 
limestone, 
magniventra,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,   Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 
large  bellied  ] 
newtonensis,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.  New 
Spec.   Foss.,   from   Ohio,   Kaskaskia 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
re  versa,  is  from  the  Up.  Silurian, 
sweeti,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 
Sur.  Wis  ,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Holopella  mira,  is  from  the  Marshall  Gr. 
Inachus  pervetus,  see  Euomphalus  pervetus. 
Isonema  bellatulum,  refer  to  Callonema  bel- 
latulum. 
lichas.  refer  to  Callonema  lichas. 
Lepetopsis,    Whitfield.    1882.    Bull.    Am. 
Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  No.  3. 


302 


GASTEKOPODA. 


levettei,  White,  1882  (Patella  levettei), 
11th  Pep.  Geo.  of  Indiana,  Warsaw 
Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Loxonema  attenuatum  var.  seinicostatum, 
Meek,  1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  half  ribbed.] 
breviculum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

5,  pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat 
short.] 

cotterana,  Billings,  1861,  Can.  Jour.,  vol 

6,  Corniferous  limestone.  [Ety.  prop- 
er name.] 

kanei,   Meek,   1865,   Am.   Jour.   Sci.  & 

Arts,  2d  ser.,  vol.  40,  Low.  Held.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
heviusculum,   Hall,   1879,  Pal.   N.    Y., 

vol.  5,  pt.  2,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.   some- 
what smooth.] 
laxum.   Hall,  1879,  Pal.  K.   Y.,  vol.  5, 

pt.  2,  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  wide.] 
magnum,   Whitfield,   1878,    Ann.    Rep. 

Geo.  Sur.   Wis.,   Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

large.] 
macclintochi,  Haughton,  1857.  Jour.  Roy. 

Dub.   Soc.,  vol.  1,  Devonian.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
parvulum,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.   New 

Spec.    Foss.,  from  Ohio,  Up.  Held. 

Gr.     [Sig.  small.] 
plicatum,    Whitfield,    1882,  Desc.  New 

Spec.  Foss.,   from  Ohio,  Coal  Meas. 

[Sig.   plicated.] 
postrenum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

5,   pt.   2,   Chemung    Gr.       [Sig.   the 

last.] 
rectistriatum.      Hall,      1879,     Pal.     N. 

Y.,   vol    5,   pt.   2,  Ham.  Gr.      [Sig. 

having  straight  furrows] 
rossi,   Haughton,   1857,  Jour.  Roy.  Soc. 

Dub.,  vol.  1,  Devonian.   [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
sicula,    Hall     1879,   Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

pt.  2,   Up.   Held.   Gr.     [Sig.  a  little 

dagger.] 
turriforme  is  from  the  Kinderhook  Gr. 
vincta,  refer  to  Murchisonia  vincta. 
Maclurea  cuneata,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann. 

Pep.    Geo.    Sur.   Wis.,   Trenton    Gr. 

[Sig.  wedge  formed.] 
minima,  Hall  &  Whitfield.  1877,  U.  S. 

Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel,  Chazy  Gr. 

[Sig.  the  least.] 
subrotunda,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Kep. 

Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig. 

somewhat  rotund.] 
Mackocheilus.     This   generic   name    was 

preoccupied  by  Hope,   in  183S,  for  a 

genus  of  Coleopterous  insects.   Bayle 

has  proposed  Macrochilina,  to  which 

all  the  species  may  be  referred, 
cooperense,  is  from  the   Kaskaskia   Gr. 
pinquis,  is  from  the  M  .rshall  or  Kinder- 
hook  Gr. 
priscum,   Whitfield,    1882,    Desc.   New 

Spec.  Foss.  from  Ohio,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 

[Sig.  ancient.] 
"    subcorpulentum,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc. 


New  Spec.  Foss.  from  Ohio,  Kaskas- 
kia Gr.     [Sig.  somewhat  corpulent.] 
Macrochilixa,    Bayle,    1880,    Journal  de 
Conchyliologie,  3me.  ser.,  t.  19.  Pro- 
posed   instead    of    Macrocheilus    of 
Phillips,  which  was  preoccupied  by 
Hope.      [Ety.   diminutive  of  Macro- 
cheilus.] 
Metoptoma   barabuensis,   Whitfield,   1878, 
Ann.  Kep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis..  Low  Mag- 
nesian  Gr      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
cornutiformis,  Walcott,  1879,   33d  Reg. 
Kep.,    Calciferous    Gr.       [Sig.    horn 
shaped.] 
perovalis,   Whitfield,    1878,   Ann.   Kep. 
Geo.   Sur.  Wis.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 
oval.] 
recurvus,    Whitfield,    1S78,  Ann.   Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Low.  Mag.  Gr.    [Sig. 
recurved.] 
retrorsus,   Whitfield,    1880,  Ann.    Rep. 
Geo.  Sur    Wis.,  Potsdam  Gr.     Sig. 
turned  back.] 
similis,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 
Sur.  Wis.,  Low  Mas;.  Gr.    [Sig.  simi- 
lar ] 
Microceras    minutiss.imtim,     Ulrich,    1879, 
Jour.   Cin.   Soc.    Nat.   Hist.,  vol.  2, 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.]     I 
think  this  is  identical  with  M.  inorna- 
tum. 
Mxtrchisoxia  aciculata,  and  M.  arisaigen- 
sis,  are  from  the  Upper  Silurian, 
chamberlini,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety. 
proper  name, 
copei,  White,  1882,  Rep.  Invert.  Foss. 
New  Mex.,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
elegantula,  refer  to  Pleurotomaria  elegan- 

tula. 
intercedens,  Hall.  1879,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol. 
5,  pt.  2,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  inter- 
vening.] 
latifasciata,  Etheridge,  1878,  Quar.  Jour. 
Geo.  Soc,   vol.  34,   Up.   Sil.      [Sig. 
wide  banded  ] 
limitaris  is.  from  the  Kinderhook  Gr. 
marcouana,    Geinitz.    1S06,    Carb.    und 
Dyas  in  Neb.,    Coal    Meas.       [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
multigruma,   S.   A.  Miller,  1878,   Jour. 
Cin.   Soc.   Nat.   Hist.,   vol.   1,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  much  heaped  up  ] 
neglecta,  M.  quadricincta  and  M.  shu- 
mardana,  are  from  the   Marshall  or 
Kinderhook  Gr. 
obsoleta,  Meek,   1871,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  obsolete.*] 
prolixa,  White  &  Whitfield,  1862,  Proc. 
Bost     Soc.   Nat     Hist  .  vol.   8,    Kin- 
derhook Gr.     [Sig.  prolix.] 
terebra,   White,  1>79,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geo. 
Sur.  Terr.,  vol.  5,  No.  2,  Carbonifer- 
ous.    [Sig.  an  auger.] 
vincta  instead  of  Loxonema  vincta. 
worthenana,    S.   A.    Miller,  18S2,   Jour. 


,-A-rzj;: :    :  a 


Can.  doe.  Mat.  Hist.,  voL  3,  Mapn 
Gr.    lEty.  prefer  matte.] 


in  1871,  in  Proe.  Acad.  Xat  SeL 
mperta.  Hall,  1879,  PaL  X.  Y.,  toL  5, 

pt  2,  pL  29,  Up.  Held.  Gr.    ISig- 


Proe.  Acad.  Xat  Sou, 
Kasfcastaa  Gr.    TEtv.  proper  name.] 
nOifera,  White,  1880,  12th  Sep.  U.  S- 
Geo.  Sur.  Terr..  Up.  Coal  Meas.  ISig. 

'•-•.'.   •-.-.:.  .  _ 

Whiineld.lS83.Dese.Xew  Spec. 

Foss.  fhm  Ohio,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 

neaae.  WhitneJd.  1882,  Dese.  Xe  w  Spec. 

Fobs,  from  Ohio,  KaskaskiaGr.  [sSg.1 


Rep.,    Cakaferous    Gr.      ISig.    the 
| 


PutTTCKKJLS  natieoides,  Etheridge,  1838, 
Qaar.  Joor.  Geo.  Sor.,  voL  34,  Up.  SiL 
ISig.  like  a  Jtofaa.] 
paialium.  White  *  Whitfield,  1S62,  Proc. 
Bost  Soe.  Xat  Hist.,  voL  8,  Kinder- 
hook  Gr.    JSig.  that  grows  by  tit* 


Ohio,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 
I*ig.  a  kind  of  fish  tooth.] 
suhsmuo&um,  Worthen,  1882,  BulL  Xo. 
1,  HL  St.  Mas.  Xat  Hist.,  Low.  HeM- 
Gr.  ISig.  somewhat  sinuous.]  Pro- 
posed instead  of  P.  sobondatam,  M 
AW. 
tribulosam,  White,  1880, 12th  Be] 

•--    .  -    :     I-;-:.:     :.-    _:    :.  •'.-,r.     rvj 
thorny.] 
:':,:•:-■:        :.   _•■  ■•■-  -•  .    v.     ••    -     .>.»_. 

BolL  Xo.  1,  HL  St- Mus.  Xat- Hist., 
Hayden's    U.   S.   Geo.    Sur.   Terr.,  Coal  Meas.    Proposed  instead  of  P. 

CakiferousGr.    ISig.  a  dwarf.]  tanudum,  M.  &  W.,  which 

OaanrracHxrs.  S.  A. 

Cm.  Sac  Xat  Hist.  voL  2.    lEty.  I  Puxkoxotcs,  HaU,  18S9,  PaL  X.  Y 

5.  pt  2.     lEty.  jrieuru,     ' 
a  track.]    Supposed  to  he  me  trail  of 
aGaateropod. 
monfliformis,  S.  A.  MiBer.  1880,  Jour. 
Cm.  Soe.  Xat-  Hist.,  vol    2,  Utka 
State  Gr.    ISig  fike  a  neekbee.] 
PiLEioui  irringi,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann. 
Sep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wk,  Potsdam  Gr. 


Pxi-BOTiaocHT-s,    HaO,  1*79.  PaL  X. 
voL  5,  pt  2     JEty. 


■eft 
Paimia 

E«.  jw^//*,  a  dfch] 
ImeffoC,  White.  189,  11th  Bep.  GeoL  A 
iw  Gr.,  re- 


Puran  m  uin 

m.  y.,  tol 


decewL 
HaO,  1879,  PaL 
pt  2,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 


>._■    :.    dpmtj 

~  1879,  PaL  X.  Y., 
toL  5.  pt  2.  Up-  HekL  Gr. 


9     Geo.  Sur.  Terr. 

Difornus.  Worthen,  1882.  BuU.  Xo.  1. 
HL  St  Mas.  Xat  Hist-,  Coal  Meas. 


I 
[of  P. 

Pampas  omaiiet,  P.  «MH»owi**,  P.  ram»- 
fiatc.  and  P.  ajirafia.  Castemau,  1843, 
Syst  SB.  Xotreeognimd. 
PULTTCsxas  hrfofcre,  White  A  Whitfield, 
1882,  Proe.  Bost  Soe.  Xat.  Hist.  roL 
8,  Kinderhook  Gr.     gSfe. 


Meek,  187L  Proc  Acad.  Xat 

■.    :•:-:.-.    z- .  :  •  ;.-:  ■.:.:..-.. 

itys  var.  temrispira.  HaB.  1879,  PaL  X. 
Y..  toL  5,  pt-  2.  Ham.  Gr.    [Sag. 

l:    ■„■:   .  ;;.  -..:  •   :,::    I-.-j    Ii-  :      :■-:■:   : 


rta.  Meek  and  Worthen,  *«•,  Proc. 
Acad.  Xat  SeL,  Keokuk  Gr.    ISig. 


304 


GASTEROPODA. 


tectoria,  and  P.  vadosa,  are  from  the 
Marshall  or  Kinderhook  Gr. 
Pleurotomaria  muralis  is  from  the  Tren-r 
ton  Gr. 
newportensis-,  White,  1880,  12th  Rep.  U. 
S.  Geo.  Sur.  Terr.,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
nitela.  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5,  pt. 

2.  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  brightness.] 
perizomata.   White,   1882,   Rep.  Invert. 
Foss  ,  New  Mex.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 
girdled.] 
quadricarinata  instead  of  P.  quadricos- 

tata. 
quadrilix,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  5, 
pt.   2,  Up.   Held.   Gr.     [Sig.  having 
four  whorls  (?).] 
racinensis,   Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.   Wis.,   Niagara  Gr.     [Ety. 
proper  name  ] 
riddelli  instead  of  P.  riddlei. 
rugulata,  Hall.   1860,   13th   Reg.   Rep.. 
Ham.  Gr    [Sig.  having  wide  furrows.] 
subangulata,  refer  to  Cyclonema  suban- 

gulatum. 
taggarti,  Meek,  1874,  7th  Rep.  Hayden's 
U.   S.   Geo.   Sur.  Terr.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
tenuimarginata,  refer  to  Eotrochus  con- 

cavus. 
tumida,  refer  to  Platystoma  grayvillense. 
Polyphemopsi8  bulimiformis,  refer  to  Buli- 
morpha  bulimiformis. 
canaliculata,  refer  to  Bulimorpha  canali- 

eulata. 
elongata,  refer  to  Bulimorpha  elongata. 
mel^noides,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.  New 
Spec.   Foss.,   from  Ohio,    Kaskaskia 
Gr.     [Sig  like  a  Melania.] 
Porcellia  crassinoda,  White  &  Whitfield, 
1-62   Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 
8,  Kinderhook  Gr.  [Sig.  thick  noded.] 
rectinoda  is  from  the  Marshall  or  Kin- 
derhook Gr. 
rotatoria,    refer    to     Goniatites    plebei- 
formis. 
Pupa    bigsbyi,   Dawson,   1880,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.   &   Arts,  3d  ser.,   vol.  20,  Coal 
Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Rafhistoma    acutmn.    Hall    &    Whitfield, 
1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel, 
Chazy  Gr.     [Sig.  acute.] 
niagarense,   Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.   Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr.    [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
trochiscus,     Meek,    1870    (Euomphalus 
trochiscus),    Proc.    Acad.   Nat.   Sci. 
Calciferous    or    Trenton    Gr.      [Sig. 
a  small  round  ball.] 
Rotella   verruculifera,  White,  1882,  Rep. 
Invert.  Foss..  New  Mex.,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  bearing  little  eminences.] 


Sc^vogyra,    Whitfield,    1878,   Ann.  Rep. 

Geo.  Sur.  Wis.     [Ety.  sccevus  toward 

the  left;  gyrus,  a  circle.] 
elevata,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 

Sur.    Wis.,    Low.    Mag.    Gr.      [Sig. 

elevated.] 
obliqua,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 

Sur.    Wis.,    Low.    Mag.   Gr.      [Sig. 

oblique.] 
swezeyi,    Whitfield.    1878,    Ann.    Rep. 

Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Low.  Mag.  Gr.   [Ety. 

proper  name  ] 
Soleniscus  brevis,  White,  1882,  Rep.  In- 
vert.  Foss.,  New  Mex.,  Coal  Meas. 

J  Sig.  short.] 
planus,  White,  1882.  Rep.  Invert.  Foss., 

New  Mex.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  flat.] 
Straparollus  barrisi,  and  S.  macrompha- 

lus  from  the  Marshall  or  Kinderhook 

Gr. 
planispira,    S.   quadrivolvis,    S.    spergen- 

ensis,  and  8..  spergenensis  var.  planor- 

biformis,  refer  to  Euomphalus. 
utahensis,  Hall  &  WThitfield.  1877,  U.  S. 

Geo.   Expl.,   40th  parallel,  Waverly 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Strophites,  Dawson.  1880,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

and  Arts.     [Ety.  from  the  genus  Stro- 

phia.] 
grandfevus,  Dawson,  1880,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

and  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  20,  Devonian. 

[Sig.  old  aged.] 
Strophostylus  cvclostomus  var.  disjunct- 

us,     Hall,    1879,     28th    Reg.    Rep., 

Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  disjoined.] 
obliquus,   S.  ovatus,  and  S  subglobosus, 

are  from  the  Corniferous  limestone. 
Subulites  gracilis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882.  Jour. 

Cin.   Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  slender.] 
Tremanotus    is  a  syn.    for    Bucania.    The 

supposed  openings  on  the  cast  repre- 
sent the  spines  upon  the  back  of  the 

anterior  part  of  the  last  whorl  of  the 

shell,  and  the  fossil  is  a  true  Bucania. 
alpheus,  syn.  for  Bucania  chicagoensis. 
Trochita  carbonaria  from  the   Kaskaskia 

Gr. 
Trochonema    beloitense,    Whitfield,   1878, 

Ann.   Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Trenton 

Gr.     [Etv.  proper  name.] 
beachi.  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 

Sur.  Wis.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
Turbo   huronensis,    Castelnau,   1843.     Not 

recognized, 
shumardi,  de  Verneuil,  1846,  Bulletin  de 

la  Soc.   Geol.  de  France,  Up.  Held. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Turritella  schokariensis,  Castelnau,  1843. 

Not  recognized. 


CEPHALOPODA. 


305 


CLASS  CEPHALOPODA. 


Actixoceras  beaudaxti,  Cast'enau,  1843, 
.systeme  Silurien,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

beaumonti,  Castlenau,  1S43,  Systeme  Si- 
lurien,   Niagara  Gr.       [Ety.    proper 
name.] 
blainvillei,  Castelnau,  1843,  Systeme  Si- 
lurien, Hud.Kiv.  Gr.(?)  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
cordieri,  Castelnau,  1843,  Systeme  Silu- 
rien, Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  (?)     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
deshayesi,  Castelnau,  1843,  Systeme  Silu- 
rien, Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  ( '?)     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

dufresnoyi, Castelnau,  1843,  Systeme  Si- 
lurien, Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name. 
Ammonites  bellicosus.  Morton.  1836,  Am. 
Jour.  Sci.  and  Arts,  vol.  29,  Coal 
lleas.     Not  recognized. 

colubreUus,  see  Goniatites  colubrellus.. 

hildrethi,  see  Goniatites  hildrethi. 
Bactrites,   Sandberger,    1841,    Leonh.    u. 
Bronn's  Jabrb.  [Ety.  baktron,  a  staff.] 

clavus,    Hall,    1879,   Pal.   N.Y.,   vol.   5, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  spike.] 
Beatriceo.  should  be  referred  to  the  sponges. 
Colpoceras  clarkei.  Wetherby,  1881,  Jour, 
tin    Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol  4,  Trenton 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Cyrtoceras  absens,  refer  to  Gomphoceras 
absens. 

aemulum.  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Up.  Held.  Gr      [Sig.  emulous.] 

alternatum,  Hall.  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
5,  Marcellus  Shale.  [Sig.  changed 
by  turns]  Proposed  instead  of  C. 
undulatum  of  Hall. 

amnion,  Billings,  1861,  Can.  Jour.,  vol.  6, 
Corniferous  limestone.  [Ety.  mytho- 
logical name.] 

amoenum,  S.  A.  Miller,  1878.  Jour.  Cin. 
.Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  welcome.] 

annulatum,  Hall,  see  C.  subannulatum. 

arcuatum,  Hall,  see  C.  subarcuatum. 

aristides  is  a  proper  name  instead  of 
mythological. 

bannisteri,  Winchell  &  Marcy,  see 
Trochocei'as  bannisteri. 

belus,  Billings,  1861,  Can.  Jour  ,  vol.  6, 
Corniferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

beta  is  Gomphocer  s  beta. 

cancellation.  Hall,  see  ('.  subcancellatum. 

cessator.  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 
Expl.  Exped  ,  40th  parallel,  Coal 
Meas.     [Sig  a  loiterer.] 

citum,  Hall,  1879.  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  speedy.] 

clavatum,  refer  to  Gompboeeras  clavatum. 

conoidale,  Wetherby,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat  Hist,,  vol.  4,  Hud.  Riv,  Gr. 
[-ig.  conoidal.] 


Cyrtoceras  conradi,  Hall,  is  Gomphoceras 
conr  di. 

corniculum,  Hall,  see  C.  tenuistriatum. 

cretaceum,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.  New- 
Spec .  Foss.  from  Ohio,  Up.  Held. 
Gr.     [Sig.  chalky.] 

densum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  thick  J 

formosum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  NY.,  vol.  5, 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

gibbosum,  Hall,  is  a  syn.  for  Gomphocer- 
as oviforme. 

hallanum  instead  of  C.  lamellosum,  Hall. 

hector,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Up.  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

infundibulum,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann. 
Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  funnel.] 

irregulare,  Wetherby,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  irregular.] 

jason,  refer  to  Gyroceras  jason. 

niarkcei,  Castelnau.  1843,  Systeme  Sil- 
urien, Trenton  Gr.  ( ?)  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

olenus,  Hall,  in  the  addenda  to  the  1st 
edition  of  this  work,  may  be  stricken 
out  as  the  species  is  now  referred 
to  Trochoceras. 

orion,  Hall,  refer  to  Trochoceras  orion. 

planidorsatum,  Whitfield,  1880.  Ann. 
Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Trenton  Gr. 
[Sig.  having  a  level  back.] 

rectum,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 
Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  straight.] 

saccuhts,  Meek  and  Worthen,  refer  to 
Gomphoceras  sacculus. 

unicorne  is  from  the  Marshall  or  Kinder- 
hook  Gr. 
Discites  ammonis,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  NY., 
vol.  5,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig  of  Amnion.] 

inopinatus,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  5, 
Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  unexpected.] 

marcellensis  instead  of  Nautilus  marcell- 
ensis. 
Endoceras  bristolense,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882, 
Jour.   Cin.    Soc.  Nat.    Hist.,   vol.  5, 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

egani,  S.  A.  Miller.  188*2,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

inaequabile,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour. 
Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  5,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  unequal.] 

lamarcki,  Billings,  instead  of  Orthoceras 
lamareki. 

moutrealense,  Billings,  instead  of  Ortho- 
ceras montrealense. 

subannulatum,     Whitfield,    1880,    Ann. 

Rep.   Geo.  Sur.   Wis.,   Trenton  Gr. 

[Sig.  somewhat  annulated.] 

Gomphoceras  abruptum,  Hall,    1879,  Pal. 

X.Y.,  vol.  5,  Ham.  Gr.  [s*Ig  abrupt.] 


306 


CEPHALOPODA. 


Gomphoceras  absens  instead  of  Cyrtoceras 

ajax,   Hall,   1879,    Pal.   N.   Y.,   vol.  5, 

Portage    Gr.        [Ety.     mythological 

name.] 
amphora,    Whitfield,   1882,   Desc.  New 

Spec.  Foss.  from  Ohio,  Up.    Held. 

Gr.     [Sig.  a  bottle.] 
beta  instead  of  Cyrtoceras  beta, 
cammarus,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  ST.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  lobster.] 
clavatum  instead  of  Cyrtoceras  clavatnm. 
conradi  instead  of  Cyrtoceras  conradi. 
cruciferum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

5,  Schoharie  Grit.     [Sig.  cross  bear- 
ing.] 
fax,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5,  Scho- 
harie Grit.     [Sig.  a  torch.] 
gomphus,  Hall,  1879.  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  club.] 
hyatti,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.  New  Spec. 

Foss.  from  Ohio,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
illaenus,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Schoharie  Grit.     [Ety.   supposed  to 

be     from    the     genus    IUcmua,    but 

quere  ?.]  - 

impar,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5,  Up. 

Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  unequal.] 
lunatum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  lunate] 
manes,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.    N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Genessee  Slate.    [Ety.  mythological.] 
mitra,   Hall,   1879,   Pal.  N.   Y.,   vol.  5, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  head  band.] 
pingue,  Hall,  1879,  Pal    N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  fat.] 
planum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  even.] 
poculum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  cup.] 
potens,    Hall,   1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Waverly  Gr.    [Sig.  powerful.] 
raphanus.  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  radish.] 
rude,   Hall,   1879,   Pal.   N.  Y.,  vol.   5, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  rough.] 
sacculus  instead  of  Cyrtoceras  sacculus. 
sciotoense,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc    New 

Spec.   Foss.,  from  Ohio,   Up.  Held. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name  ] 
solidum,  Hall,  1879,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.5, 

Marcellus  Shale.     [Sig.  solid.] 
tumidum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  tumid.] 
Goniatites     andrewsi,     Winchell,      1870, 

Notices  and  Desc,  from  Marsh  all  Gr., 

etc.,    Marshall    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
canadensis,    Castelnau,    1843,   Syst.    Sil. 

Probably    a    syn.     for     Bellerophon 

bilobatus. 
colubrellus,    Morton,   1836  (Ammonites 

colubrellus),  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts, 

vol.   29,   Waverly   Gr.     [Sig.  a  little 

snake.] 
txpansus,  Vanuxem,  being  preoccupied 


by  von  Buch,  in  1838.     G.  vanuxemi 
has  been  proposed  instead  of  it. 
Goniatites  goniolobus,  Meek,  1877,  U.  S. 
Geo.  Sur.,  40th  parallel.  Carbonifer- 
ous.    [Sig  having  angular  lobes.] 

hildrethi,  Morton,  1836  (Ammonites 
hildrethi),  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts, 
vol.  29,  Waverly  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

holmesi,  G.  ixion,  G.  morganensis,  G. 
osagensis.  G.  oweni,  and  G.  oweni 
var.  parallelus,  are  from  the  Choteau 
or  Kinderhook  Gr. 

hyas  is  a  syn.  for  G.  lyoni. 

k'ingi,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S.  Geo. 
Expl.  Expecl.,  40th  parallel,  Coal 
Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

nundaia  is  a  syn.  for  G.  sinuosus. 

ohioensis,  Winchell,  1870,  Notices  and 
Desc.  Foss.  from  Marshall  Gr.  x  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
opimus,  White  &  Whitfield,  1862.  Proc. 
Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  8,  Kinder- 
hook  Gr.     [Sig.  plump.] 

plebeiformis,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
5,  Marcellus  Shale.  [Sig.  from  re- 
semblance to  G.  plebeius/\  Proposed 
instead  of  Porcellia  rotatoria,  Hall, 
which  was  preoccupied  in  this  genus. 

vanuxemi.  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Marcellus  Shale.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Proposed  instead  of  Q.  expansus,  of 
Vanuxem,  which  was  preoccupied 
by  Von  Buch. 
Gyroceras  abruptum,  Hall,  1879,  Desc. 
New  Spec.  Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 
abrupt.] 

burlingtonense,  may  be  referred  to  Nau- 
tilus burlingtonensis. 

columbiense,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc  New 
Spec.  Foss.  from  Ohio,  Up.  Held.  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

duplicostatum,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann. 
Eep.  Geo  Sur.  Wis.,  Trenton  Gr. 
[Sig.  double  ribbed.] 

elrodi,  White,  1882,  11th  Ann.  Kep. 
Geol.  and  Nat.  Hist.  Indiana,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

gracile  is  from  the  Kinderhook  Gr. 

jason,  was  described  by  Hall  in  1862,  in 
15th  Keg  Kep.,  under  the  name  of 
Cyrtoceras  ]ason. 

laciniosum,  Hall,  1879.  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
5,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Sig.  full  of  points.] 

liratum,  refer  to  Nautilus  liratus. 

matheri  is  from  the  Up.  Held.  Gr. 

pratti,  Barris,  1879,  Proc.  Dav.  Acad. 
Sci.,  vol.  2,  Up.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

seminodosum,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc. 
New  Spec.  Foss.  from  Ohio,  Up.  Held. 
Gr.     [Sig.  half  nodose.  ] 

subliratum,  refer  to  Nautilus  subliratus. 

undulatum  is  from  the  Up.  Held.  Gr., 
and  dated  1842. 

vagrans  instead  of  vagans. 
Hortholus     americanus,     refer    to    Lituites 
americanus. 


CEPHALOPODA. 


307 


Huronia  stokesi,  Castelnau,  1843,   Syst.  Sil. 

Schoharie  Grit.     Not  recognized. 
Lituites  americanus,  Emmons,  1856  (Hor- 

tholus  americanus)  Am.  Geol.,  Black 

Riv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
convolvans,  as  identified  by  Hall,  in  Pal. 

N.   Y.,  vol.   1,   is  described    as    L. 

americanus. 
multicostatus,     Whitfield,     1880.     Ann. 

Rep.    Geo.   Sur.   Wis.,    Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  many  ribbed] 
murchisoni,  Troost.     Not  defined  so  as  to 

be  recognized. 
Melia  cancellatus,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol. 

Not  defined  so  as  to  be  recognized. 
Nautilus  acrseus.  Hall,  1879,   Pal.  N.Y., 

vol.  5,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  occupying  a 

height.] 
barrandi,  Hall,  being  preoccupied  by  Von 

Hauer  in  1850,  N.  magister  has  been 

proposed  in  its  place, 
burlingtonensis    instead    of    Gyroceras 

burlingtonense . 
cavus,    Hall,  1879,    Pal.   N.Y.,   vol.    5, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  concave  ] 
danvillensis,   White,  1878,  Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci  ,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
digonus,  refer  to  Trematodiscns  digonus. 
liratus  instead  of  Gyroceras  liratum. 
liratus  var   juvenis,  Hall.  1879,  Pal.  N. 

Y.,  vol.  5,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  young.] 
magister,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  NY.,  vol  5, 

Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  the  chief.]   Proposed 

instead  of  N.   barrandi,  which   was 

preoccupied. 
marcellensis,  refer  to  Discites  marcellen- 

sis. 
oceanus,    Hall,  1879,  Desc.  New  Spec. 

Foss..  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  the  ocean.] 
ortoni,  Whitfield.  1882.  Desc.  New  Spec. 

Foss    from  Ohio,  Coal  Meas.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
pauper,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.  New  Spec. 

Foss.  from  Ohio,  Kaskaskia  Gr.  [Sig. 

poor] 
subliratus  instead  of  Gyroceras  sublira- 

tum. 
Nelimenia  incognita,  Castelnau,  1843.  Syst. 

Sil.     Probably  a  fragment  of  Phrag- 

moceras  or  Oncoceras. 
Oncoceras  brevicurvatum,  Whitfield,  1880, 

Ann.  Pep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Trenton 

Gr.     [Sig.  short  curved  ] 
mummiforme,  Whitfield,  18S0,  Ann.  Rep. 

Geo.    Sur.   Wis.   Trenton   Gr.      Sig. 

mummiform.] 
Orthoceras     acicula,     refer    to    Coleolus 

acicula. 
amycus,    Hall,   1879,   Desc.   New  Spec. 

Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 
anguis,   Hall,   1879,   Pal.  N.  Y.,'vol.  5, 

Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  a  serpent.] 
annulato-costatum,  Meek  &  Worthen,  is 

O.  randolphense. 
arcuatellum,   Sandberger,   identified  by 


Winchell,  in  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts, 
in  1862,  is  not  an  American  species. 
Orthoceras  atreus,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y., 
vol.  5,  Portage  Gr.  [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 

aulax,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Ham.  Gr.    [Sig.  a  furrow.] 

bebryx  var.  cayuga,  Hall,  1877,  Pal.  N. 
Y.,  vol.  5,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

beloitense,  Whitfield.  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Trenton  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

bipartitum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.Y.,vol.  5, 
Up.  Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  two  parted.] 

cselamen,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5,- 
Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  bass  relief.] 

cancellation,  Hall,  refer  to  O.  subcan- 
ce  Datum. 

carltonense,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

carnosum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Schoharie  Grit.     [Sig.  fleshy.] 

chemungense  andO.  indianense  are  from 
the  Kinderhook  Gr. 

cingulum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Schoharie  Grit.     [Sig.  a  zone.] 

clavatum,  Hall,  refer  to  O.  desideratum. 

cochleatum.  Hall.  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
5,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  screw  formed.] 

collatum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Schoharie  Grit.     [Sig.  collected.] 

columnare.  Hall,  refer  to  O.  orus. 

conicum,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  conical.] 

constrictum,  Vanuxem,  1842,  Geo.  Rep. 
3d  Dist.  N.  Y.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  con- 
stricted.] 

constrictum,  Conrad.  Not  defined  so  as 
to  be  recognized,  and  it  may  be  strick- 
en from  the  list. 

creon,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Schoharie  Grit.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

dawsonanum,  n.sp  ,  Carboniferous.  Pro- 
posed instead  of  O.  perstrictum,  Daw- 
son, in  Acadian  Geology,  p.  312,  fig. 
129,  as  the  name  was  preoccupied  by 
Barrande. 

demus,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Chemung  Gr     [Sig.  at  Inst,  solely.] 

elegantulum  is  in  vol.  5,  Can.  Nat.,  and 
from  the  Up.  Sil. 

filiforme,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst.  Sil.,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Sig.  filiform.] 

fluctum,  Hall.  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y  ,  vol.  5, 
Schoharie  Grit.     [Sig.  waved.] 

fulgidum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  shining.] 

fustis,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Marcellus  shale.     [Sig.  a  club.] 

griftithi,  Haughton,  1857,  Jour.  Roy. 
Dub.  Soc,  vol.  1,  Devonian.  ?  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

harttanum,  n.  sp.,  Carboniferous.  Pro- 
posed instead  of  O.  laqueatum,  Hartt, 


308 


CEPHALOPODA. 


in  Acadian  Geol.,   p.   312,   fig.   128, 

which  was  preoccupied. 
Orthoceras  herculaneum.  Verneuil,  1846, 

Bull,  de   la  Soc.    Geol.    de    France. 

vol.    4,  Low.  Sil.     [Sig.  large  of  its 

kind.] 
hercules,    Castelnau,    1843,     Syst.    Sil. 

Up.  Sil.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
hyas  is  a  syn.  for'O.  thoas. 
idmon,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5,  p. 

302,   Ham.   Gr.     [Ety.  mythological 

name.] 
inoptatum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  undesfred  ] 
isogramma.    Meek,    1871,    Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.    Sci.,    Coal    Meas.     [Sig.  equal 

weight.] 
jaculum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal    N.  Y:,  vol.  5, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  dart.] 
'   kingi,  Meek,  1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Sur.,  40th 

parallel,    Devonian.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
Iceve,  refer  to  O.  sublaeve. 
laqueatum.  Hartt,  refer  to  O.  harttanum. 
leander.  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Chemung  Gr.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lima,    Hall,    1879,   Pal.   N.   Y.,   vol.  5, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  file.] 
linteum,   Hall,  1879,   Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  girdle.] 
masculum.  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Schoharie  Grit.     [Sig.  masculine.] 
medium,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Schoharie  Grit.     [Sig.  middle.] 
michiganense.  n.   sp.,  Marshall  Gr..  in 

the  Southern  part  of  Michigan.    Pro- 
posed   instead    of  O.   multicinctum, 

Winchell.  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil., 

Sept..  1862.  p.  421. 
moniliforme,  Swallow,  refer  to  O.  swal- 

lovanum. 
multicinctum,  Winchell,   heing  preoccu- 
pied by    Hall,   I  have  proposed  O. 

michiganense. 
nobile,  Meek  &   Worthen,   1865,  Proc. 

Acad.  Nat  Sci.,  Kaskaskia  Gr.    [Sig. 

famous,  noted.] 
occidentale,  Winchell,  heing  preoccupied 

by  Swallow,  I  have  proposed  O.  vin- 

chellanum. 
cedipus,   Hall,  1879,   Pal.   N.Y..  vol.  5, 

Ham.  Gr.    [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
ohioense  instead  of  O.  pelops  var.  ohio- 

ense. 
ommaneyi,  Salter,  1852,  in  Sutherland's 

Jour.,  vol.  2,  Devonian.  [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
oneidaense,  Walcott,  1879,  Trans.'  Alb. 

Inst.,  vol.  x,  Utica  Slate  Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name] 
oppletum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  5, 

Schoharie  Grit.     [Sig.  filled  up.] 
pacator,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.Y..   vol.  5, 

Portage  Gr.  [Sig.  a  peacemaker.] 
palmatum,  Hall.  1879,  Pal.  N.Y.,  vol.  5, 
Chemung  Gr.     [Sig.  marked  with  the 
palm  of  a  hand.] 
pelops  var.  ohioense,  refer  to  O.  ohioense. 


Orthoceras  perstrictum,  Dawson,  being 
preoccupied  by  Barrande  I  have  pro- 
posed O.  dawsonanum. 
pertextum,  Hall,  1879.  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 
5,  Chemung  Gr.  [Sig.  woven  through- 
out.] 
pervicax,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Schoharie  Grit.     [Sig.  firm.] 
pravum.  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Schoharie  Grit.     [Sig.  crooked.] 
punctostriatum  is  from  the  Up.  Sil. 
randolphense,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No. 
1.  111.  St.  Mus.  Nat   Hist.,  Kaskaskia 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.]     Proposed 
instead     of     O.     annulato-costatum, 
Meek  &  Worthen,  which  was  preoc- 
cupied. 
scintilla,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  spark.] 
sicinus,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.    5, 
Marcellus  Shales.  [Ety. proper  name.] 
sirpus,  Hall,    1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.   5, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  bull  rush.] 
spissum,  Hi.ll.  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  compact.] 
swallovanum,  n.  sp.,  Coal  Measures  in  the 
Valley  of  Verdigris  in  Kansas.   [Ety. 
proper  name.]     Proposed  instead  of 
O.  moniliforme,  Swallow,  in  Trans. 
St.  Louis  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  1,  p.  200, 
which  was  preoccupied  by  Hall, 
tantalus,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Schoharie  Grit.      [Ety.  mythological 
name.] 
telamon,   Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Ham.  Gr.   [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
tenere,   Hall,   1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  delicate.] 
tersum,    Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  neat.] 
textum,    Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Ham.     Gr.        [Sig.     that    which    is 
braided  ] 
thestor,   Hull,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Marcellus  Shales.     [Ety.  mythologi- 
cal name.] 
thyestes.   Hall,   1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Portage     Gr.       [Ety.      mythological 
name.] 
varum,    Hall,   1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Schoharie  Grit.     [Sig  bent.] 
vastator,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 
Schoharie    Grit.      [Sig.  a  destroyer.] 
Correct  in  the  index,  but  printed  O. 
obliquum,  on  page  243. 
viator,   Hall,  1879,    Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Sig.  a  traveller.] 
vinchellanum,   n.    sp  ,   Marshall  Gr.  in 
Southern    Michigan.      [Ety.    proper 
name.]     Proposed  instead  of  O.  occi- 
dentale,  Winchell,    1862.   Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  &  Arts,  2d  ser.,  vol.  33,  p.  356, 
which  was  preoccupied  by  Swallow, 
wauwatosense,    Whitfield,    1880,    Ann. 
Rep.   Geo.    Sur.    Wis.,   Niagara   Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
woodworthi     was     proposed    by    Mc- 
Chesney,  in  1865,  instead  of  O.  irreg- 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


309 


ulare    of    McChesney,     which    was 

preoccupied. 
Petalichxus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1880,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2.     [Ety. petalos, 

spread  out;  ichnos.  track.] 
multipartitus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1880,  Jonr. 

Cin.  Soc.   Nat.    Hist.,   vol.   2,   Utica 

Slate  Gr.    [Sig.  many  parted.] 
Phragmoceras  hoyi,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann. 

Rep.  Geo.   Sur.    Wis.,   Niagara  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
hoyi  var.  Compressum.  Whitfield.   1878, 

Ann.    Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara 

Gr.     [Sig.  compressed.] 
labiatum,    Whitfield,    1878.   Ann.   Rep. 

Geo.  Sur.   Wis.,   Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

lipped.] 
Piloceras    amplum,   Dawson,   1881,   Can. 

Nat.,  vol    10,  Calciferous  Gr.     [Sig. 

of  large  extent.] 
Sklemina  infundibuliforme,  Castelnau,  1843, 

Syst.  Sil.     Probably  the  fragment  of 

an  Endoceras. 
Teratichxus,  S.  A.  Miller.  1880  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2.     [Ety.  teras,  a 

wonder;  ichnos,  track.] 
confertus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1880,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist,  vol.   2,   Utica  Slate 

Gr.     [Sig.  pressed  together.] 
Traciiomatichxus,    S.    A.    Miller,     1880, 

Jour.   Cin.   Soc.  Nat.   Hist  ,  vol.   2. 

[Ety.    trachoma,   that  which  is  made 

rough;  ichnos,  track.] 
cincinnatensis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1880,  Jour. 

Cin.    Soc.   Nat.   Hist.,   vol.  2,   Utica 

Slate  Gr      [Ety.  proper  name.] 
numerosus,    S.   A.    Miller,   1880,  Jour. 

Cin.   Soc.   Nat.   Hist  ,   vol.  2,   Utica 

Slate  Gr.     [Sig.  numerous.] 


Trachomatichnus  permultus,  S.  A.  Miller, 

1880,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 

2,  Utica  Slate  Gr.     [Sig.  very  many.] 
Trematoceras,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.  New 

Spec.  Foss.,  from  Ohio.     [Ety.  trema, 

a  hole;  keras,  a  horn.] 
ohioense,    Whitfield,    1882,   Desc.  New 

Spec.   Foss.,   from  Ohio,  Up.  Held. 

Gr.     [Ety.  prope*r  name.] 
Trematodiscus  digonus  instead  of  Nautilus 

digonus. 
konincki,    Wetherby,    1881,   Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Waverly  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name  j 
rocky montanus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Burling- 
ton Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Trochoceras  seneas,  Hall,  1870,  Rev.  Ed. 

20th    Reg.   Rep.   Expl.,   pi.   25,  Ni- 
agara Gr.     [Ety.  mythological  name.] 
barrandei,    Hall,  1879,"  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

5,  Schoharie  Grit.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
biton,   Hall,   1879,    Pal.  N.   Y.,   vol.  5, 

Schoharie  Grit.     [Ety.    mythological 

name.] 
expansum,  Hall,  1879,  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Schoharie  Grit.     [Sig.  expanded.] 
orion  instead  of  Cyrtoceras  orion. 
pandum,  Hall,   1879.  Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol.  5, 

Schoharie  Grit.    [Sig.  crooked.] 
Trocholites    circularis,    Miller    &  Dyer, 

1878,  Cont.  to  Pal.  No.  2,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  circular.] 
minuscubis,    Miller    and    Dyer,     1878, 

Cont.  to  Pal.  No.  2,  Utica  Slate  Gr. 

[Sig.  rather  small.] 


CLASS    LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


Actixodesma  subrectum,  Whitfield,  1882, 
Desc.  New  Spec.  Foss.  from  Ohio, 
Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  erect.] 
Allorisma  andrewsi,  Whitfield.  1882.  Desc. 
New  Spec.  Foss.  from  Ohio,  Kaskas- 
kia  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

antiquum  is  from  the  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

elongatum,  Morton,  1836  (Pholadomya 
elongata),  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts, 
vol.  29,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  elongated.] 

gilberti.  White,  1879,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geo. 
Sur.,  vol.  5,  No.  2,  Carboniferous. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 

maxvillense,  Whitfield.  1882,  Desc  New 
Spec.  Foss  from  Ohio,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Amboxychia  retrorsa,  S.  A.  Miller,  1878, 
Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1, 
Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  turned  back.] 

robusta.  S.  A.  Miller,  1880,  Jour.  Cin. 


Soc.   Nat.  Hist.,   vol.    3,   Hud.   Riv. 

Gr.  [Sig.  robust.] 
Anatina  leda  is  from  the  Kinderhook  Gr. 
Angellum,  S.  A.   Miller,  1878,  Jour..  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1.     [Ety.  aggos, 

a  pail;  ellus,  diminutive.] 
cuneatum,  S,  A.  Miller,  1878,  Jonr.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  wedge  formed.] 
Anthracoptera  polita,  White,  1880,  12th 

Rep.   U.   S     Geo.    Sur.  Terr.,   Coal 

Meas.     [Ety.  polished.] 
Area  modesta  is  from  the  Kinderhook  Gr. 
Astartei.la  gurleyi.   White,    1878,    Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      TEty. 

proper  name.] 
Avicula  sesopus,  A.  angustirostra  and  A. 

trilobata,  from  the  Ham.  Gr.,  A.  mag- 
na is  from  the  Kaskaskia  Gr.,  A.  sub- 

qnadrans  is  Devonian  A.  textilis  var. 


310 


LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 


arenaria  is  from  the  Oriskany  sand- 
stone, and  A.  whitei  is  from  the  Kin- 
derhook  Gr. 
Avicula    cancellata,   Barris,   see  Pterinea 

pecteniformis,  Hall,  1843,  Geol.  of  N.Y., 
Chemung  Gr     The  species  is  an  Avi- 
culopecten,  and  the  name  was  preoc- 
cupied by  Conrad, 
pinnaeformis.  Geinitz,  1848  (Solen  pinnae- 
formis),  Versteinerungen  d.  deutsch 
Zechsteingebirg,    Coal  Meas.     [Sig. 
wing-formed.] 
Aviculopecten  caroli,  and  A.  tenuicostus, 
are  from  the  Kinderhook  Gr.,  and  A. 
oblongus  is  from  the  Warsaw  Gr. 
catactus,  Meek,  1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Expl. 
40th  par.,  Carboniferous.  [Sig.  frail.] 
curtocardinnlis,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877, 
U.  S.  Geo.  Expl.  40th  parallel,  Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.  short  cardinal.] 
iowensis,n.  sp.,  Marshall  or  Kinderhook 
Gr.,  at  Burlington,  Iowa.    Proposed 
instead  of  A.  occidentalis,  of  Win- 
chell,  in  1863,  in  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Phil.,  p.  9,  which  was  preoccu- 
pied by  Shumard. 
newarkensis,  Wincheli,  1870,  Notices  & 
Desc.  Foss.  from  Marshall  Gr.,  Mar- 
shall Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
nodocostatus,  White  &  Whitfield,  1862, 
Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.   8, 
Kinderhook  Gr.     [Sig.   having  nodes 
and  ribs.] 
occidaneus,  Meek,  1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Expl. 
40th  parallel,   Carboniferous.      [Sig. 
western  ] 
parvulus.  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 
Geo.  Expl.  40th  parallel,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  little.] 
spinuliferus,    Meek    &   Worthen,    1870, 
Proc.   Acad.  Nat.  Sci.    Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  spine  bearing] 
weberensis,  Hall  &  Whitfield,   1877,  U. 
S.,    Geo.   Sur.,    40th    parallel,    Coal 
Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name  ] 
Cardinia    aequimarginalis,     refer    to    Ed- 
mondia  aequimarginalis. 
occidentalis  is  from  the  Kinderhook  or 
Choteau  Gr. 
Cardiola   salteri,    Haughton,   1857,  Jour. 
Roy.   Soc.   Dub  ,   vol.   1,   Devonian. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Cardiomorpha  triangulata  and  C.  trigon- 
alis  are  from  the  Choteau  or  Marshall 
Gr. 
Cardiopsis  crenistriata,  refer  to  Pterinea 

crenistriata. 
Cardium  nautiloides,  Castelnau,  1843,  Syst. 
Sil.,  Seneca  Lake,  N.  Y.     [Sig.  like  a 
Nautilus.] 
Ch^enomya    maria,    Worthen,    1882,   Bull. 
No.  1,  111.  St.  Mus.  Nat    Hist.,  Up. 
Coal  Meas.     [Ety.  proper  name.  | 
Cleidophorus  chicagoensis,  S.   A.  Miller, 
1880,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol 
3,  Niagara  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ellipticus,   Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 


Nat.    Hist.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.    Gr. 
[Sig.  elliptical.] 
Cleidophorus  major,  Ulrich,   1879,   Jour. 
Cin.  Soc.    Nat.    Hist.,    vol.   2,   Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  larger.] 
semiradiatus     and     C.    subovatus    are 
from  the  Arisaig  series  of  the  Upper 
Silurian. 
Conocardium  antiquum,  Owen,  1852,  Geo. 
Wis.,  Iowa  &  Minn.,  Silurian.     [Sig. 
ancient.  ] 
pulchellum,   White  &   Whitfield,    1862, 
Proc.  Bost.   Soc.   Nat.   Hist  ,  vol.  S, 
Kinderhook  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 
Cuneamya    curta,    Whitfield,    1878,    Jour. 
Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv. 
Gr.     [Sig.  short.  1 
elliptica,   S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  elliptical.] 
neglecta  instead  of  Sedgwiekia  neglecta. 
parva,  S.  A.  Miller,  1880,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Nat.    Hist.,    vol.   3,   Hud.   Riv.   Gr. 
[Sig.  small.] 
Cypricardella  plicata,  refer  to  Goniopho- 
ra  plicata. 
quadrate,  White  &  Whitfield,  1862,  Proc. 
Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  8,  Kinder- 
hook Gr.     [Sig.  quadrate.] 
Cypricardia    choteauensis     and    C.  ven- 
tricosa,    are    from    the    Choteau    or 
Kinderhook  Gr.,  and  C.  shumardana, 
from  the  St.  Genevieve  limestone  or 
St.  Louis  Group. 
indianensis,   refer  to  Cypricardinia   (?) 

indianensis. 
subplana,  refer  to  Edmondia  subplana. 
swallovana,   n.  sp.,   Coal    Measures    of 
Harrison    county,    Missouri.       Pro- 
posed    instead    of   C.     occidentalis, 
Swallow,  1863,   in  Trans.  St.   Louis 
Acad.  Sci..  p.  96. 
Cypricardinia      indianensis     instead     of 
Cypricardia  indianensis. 
subovata.  Miller  &  Dyer.  1878,  Cont.  to 
Pal.  No.  2,   Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  sub- 
ovate.] 
Cypricardites  biyfieldi,  C.  inconstans  and 
C.  montrealensis  may  be   restored  to 
the  genus  Vanuxemia,  as  it  is  proba- 
bly distinct  from  this  genus, 
chemungensis,  refer  to  Goniophora  che- 

mungensis. 
megambonus,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 
Geo.   Sur.  Wis.,  Trenton  Gr.     [Sig. 
having  a  large  umbo.] 
quadrangularis,    Whitfield,  1878,   Jour. 
Cin.   Soc.    Nat.   Hist.,   vol.    1,  Hud. 
Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  quadrangular.] 
sigmoideus  is  from  the  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
Dexiobia  halli,  and  D.  whitei  are  from  the 

Marshall  Gr. 
Edmondia  aequimarginalis,  Wincheli,  1862 
(Cardinia  aequimarginalis)Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  Marshall  Gr.  [Sig,  equal 
margined.] 
bicarinate.  E.  elliptica.  E.  marionensis, 
E.  nitida,  E.  nuptialis,  and  E.  stri- 


L  AMELLIBR  ANC  H I  AT  A . 


311 


gillata,  are  from  the  Marshall  or  Cho- 
teau  Gr. 

Edmoxdia  inlesi  is  a  typographical  error 
for  E.  nilesi. 
pinonensis,  Meek,  1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Expl. 
40th  parallel,  vol.  4,  Devonian.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
subplana  instead  of  Cypricardia  sub- 
plana. 

Goxiophora  ehemungensis,  Vanuxem,  1842 
(Cvpricardites  ehemungensis),  Geo. 
Hep.  N.  Y.,  Chemung  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
plieata  instead  of  Cypricardella  plicata. 
speeiosa,  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  New  Spec. 
Foss.,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  beautiful.] 

Isocardia,  jennae  is  from  the  Marshall  Gr. 

Leptodomcs  undulatus,  Whitfield,  1878, 
Ann.  Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Sig.  undulated.] 

Lithophaga  illinoisensis,  Worthen,  1882, 
Bull.  No.  1,  111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist. 
[Ety.  proper  name.]  Proposed  instead 
of  the  form  identified  as  L.  lingualis 
of  Phillips. 
lingualis  is  not  an  American  species. 

Lucixa  billingsana,  n.  sp.  Devonian.  This 
name  is  proposed  instead  of  L.  occi- 
dentalis,  Billings.  1859,  Assiniboine 
&  Saskatchewan,  Ex.  Exped.,  p.  187, 
figs,  b  and  c.  It  is  from  Snake  Island, 
Lake  Winnipegosis.  The  specific 
name  octidentalia  was  preoccupied  by 
Morton  for  a  Cretaceous  species. 

Luxulicardium  fragosum,  Meek,  1877 
(Posidonomya  fragosa),  U.  S.  Geo. 
Expl.,  40th  parallel,  Carboniferous. 
[Sig.  rough.] 

MaCRODox  cochlearis  is  from  the  Marshall 
Gr. 

Megalomus  compressus,  Nicholson  & 
Hinile,  1874,  Can.  Jour.,  vol.  14, 
Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  compressed.] 

Modiolopsis  cancellata,  Waleott,  1879, 
Trans.  Alb.  Inst.,  vol.  10,  Utica  Slate 
Gr.  [Sig.  cancellated.] 
carrollensisT  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1, 
111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Galena  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.]  Proposed  in- 
stead of  M.  subnasuta  of  Meek  & 
Worthen,  1870,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
p.  41,  which  was  preoccupied, 
reetiformis,  Worthen,  1882,  Bull.  No.  1, 
111.  St.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Trenton  Gr. 
[Sig.  straight  formed.]  proposed  in- 
stead of  31.  orthonota,  Meek  & 
Worthen,  1868,  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  3, 
which  was  preoccupied. 

Modiomorpha  concentrica,  should  be  Con- 
rad, 1838  (Pterinea  concentrica)  Ann. 
Pep.  Geo.  Sur.,  N.  Y.,  etc. 

Moxotis  septentrionalis,  Haughton,  1857, 
Jour.  Roy.  Dub.  Soc,  vol.  1.  [Sig. 
northern.] 

Myalixa  apachesi  is  from  the  Subcarbon- 
iferous ;  M.  concentrica  from  the  War- 
saw Gr.,  M.  iowensis  from  the  Mar- 


shall Gr.,  and  M.  perattenuata  was 

described  in  1858. 
Myalixa  iowensis,   Winchell,   1865,   Proc. 

Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Burlington  Gr.  [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Mytilarca   percarinata,    Whitfield,    1882, 

Desc.  New  Spec.  Foss.   from  Ohio, 

Up.  Held,  Gr.    [Sig.  very  carinate.] 
Nucula  was  described  in   1801 ;  N.  hians, 

N.  houghtoni  and  N.  microdonta  are 

from  the  Marshall  or  Kinderhook  Gr. 
iowensis  was  described  in  the  Proc.  Bost. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  8,  and  is  a  Tel- 

linomya.     N.  Stella  is  also  a  Tellin- 

omya. 
nasuta,  refer  to  Nuculana  nasuta. 
perumbonata,  White,  1879,   Bull.   U.  S. 

Geo.  Sur.,  vol.  5,  No.  2,  Carbonifer- 
ous. [Sig. having  a  very  convex  umbo.] 
Nuculana  dens-mamillata,  N.  nuculiformis, 

N.  pandoriformis,  and  N.  saccata  are 

from  the  Marshall  Gr. 
nasuta  instead  of  Nucula  nasuta. 
obesa,  White,  1879,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geo.  Sur., 
.  vol.  5,  No.  2,  Carboniferous.    [Sig. 

plump.] 
Nugulites  mactroides  is  from  the  Marshall 

Gr. 
sulcatinus  is  from  the  Marshall  Gr.,  and 

is  a  Tellinomva. 
triangularis,  Hall  &  Whitfield.  1877,  U. 

S.  Geo.  Expl ,  40th  parallel,  Devonian. 

[Sig.  triangular.] 
yoldiiformis,     Ulrich,   1879,   Jour.   Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  shaped  like  a  Yoldia.]    It  is  not 

a  Nuculites. 
Orthodesma  byrnesi,   S.  A.  Miller,  1881, 

Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Hud. 

Riv.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
cuneiforme,   S.   A.   Miller,   1880,   Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist  ,  vol.  3,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  wedge  formed.] 
mickelboroughi,  Whitfield.   1878,  Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
occidentale,   S.   A.   Miller,    1880,   Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  3,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  western.] 
subovale,  Cliich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 

6uboval.] 
Orthoxota  phaselia  i*  from  the  Marshall  Gr. 
ventricosa,    White    &    Whitfield,    1862, 

Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  8, 

Kinderhook  Gr.     [Sig.  ventricose.] 
Orthoxotella,  S.  A.  Miller,   1882,  Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,   vol.   5.     [Ety. 

orthos,   straight ;    notos,  back ;  ellus, 

diminutive.] 
faberi,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,    vol.    5,    Hud.   Riv.   Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Ostrea    patercula,    Winchell,   is  from    the 

Marshall  Gr. 
Pal^oxeilo  similis,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc. 

New  Spec.   Foss.    from    Ohio,    Erie 

Shale,  Portage  ( ?)  Gr.     [Sig.  similar.] 


312 


LAMELLIBRANCHIA  TA. 


Paracyclas  peroccidens,  Hall  &  Whitfield,- 

1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel. 

Devonian.     [Sig.  far  western.] 
sahini  is  from  the  Chemung  Gr. 
Pernopecten  limatus  is  from  the  Marshall 

Gr. 
Pholadomya  elonqata  is  Allorisma  elongatum. 
Pinna  ludlovi,  Whitfield,  1876,  in  Ludlow's 

Carroll  to  Yellowstone    Park,    Coal 

Meas..    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
maxvillensis,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.  New 

Spec.  Foss.  from  Ohio,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
missouriensis  is  from  the  St.  Genevieve 

limestone,  or  St.  Louis  Gr. 
Pleurorhynchus  antiqua  is  Conocardium  an- 
tiquum. 
Posidonia  clathrata,  P.  distans,  and  P.  per- 

striata  were  described  in  1853. 
Posidonomya  ambigua  is  from  the  Marshall 

Gr. 
fragosa,  Meek,  1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Expl., 

40th  parallel,  refer  to  Lunulicardium 

fragosum. 
Prisconaia,     Conrad,     1867,    Am.     Jour. 

Conch.,  vol.  3.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ventricosa,    Conrad,    1867,    Am.    Jour. 

Conch.,  vol.  3,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ven- 

tricose.] 
Pseudomonotis  curia  is  Jurassic. 
Pterinea  brisa  is  probably  a  syn.   for  P. 

strisecosta. 
cancellata,  Barris,  1879  (Avicula  cancel- 

lata)  Proc.  Dav.  Acad.  Sci.  Cornifer- 

ous  limestone.     [Sig.  cancellated.] 
concentrica  is  Modiomorpha  concentrica. 
crenistriata,  Winchell,  1862   (Cardiopsis 

crenistriata),  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 

Marshall  Gr.     [Sig.  having  wrinkled 

striae.] 
mucronata,  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,  vol.    2,    Hud.   Riv.    Gr. 

[Sig.  pointed.] 
neglecta,  McChesney,  1861,  New  Palaeo- 
zoic Fossils,  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig.  over- 
looked, 
newarkensis,  Meek,   1871,   Proc.   Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Waverly  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.  ] 
similis,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.  New  Spec. 

Foss.   from   Ohio,    Marcellus    Shale. 

[Sig.  similar.] 
spinalata,  Winchell,   1865,   Proc.  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.,  Burlington  (?)  Gr.     [Sig. 

spine  winged.] 
Pteronites  spergenensis,  Whitfield,  1882, 

Bull.    Am.  Mus.  Nat.   Hist.,   No.  3, 

Warsaw  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


Pyanomya,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881.  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol  4.  .[Ety.  pyanos, 
a  bean;  Mya,  a  genus.] 
gibbosa,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin> 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  gibbous.] 
Ptychodesma  knappanum  is  from  the  Ham. 

Gr. 
Sanguinolaria    leptogaster   is    from    the 

Marshall  or  Kinderhook  Gr. 
Sanguinolites     chemungensis,     refer     to 
Goniophora  chemungensis. 
amygdalinus,  S.  iowensis,  S.  jejunus,  S. 
missouriensis,  S.  nasutus,  S.  strigatus 
and  S.  sulciferus  are  from  the  Mar- 
shall or  Kinderhook  Gr. 
naiadiformis,  Winchell,  1870,  Notices  & 
Desc.   Foss,  from  the  Marshall  Gr. 
[Sig.  like  a  water  nymph.] 
securis,  Winchell,  1870,  Notices  &  Desc. 
Foss.  from  Marshall  Gr.   [Sig.  broad- 
edged  axe.] 
sulciferus  is  from  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci., 
1863. 
Schizodus  subtrigonalis,  Meek,  1871,  Proc. 
Acad.   Nat.  Sci.,  Waverly  Gr.,  [Sig. 
subtrigonal.] 
Sedgwickia  lunulata,  Whitfield,  1878,  Jour. 
Cin.  Soc.  Nat  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv. 
Gr.  [Sig.  resembling alittle crescent.] 
neglecta,  is  Cuneamya  neglecta. 
Tellinomya  angustata,   and  T.    attenuata 
are  from  the  Upper  Silurian, 
cingulata,  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Nat.   Hist.,   vol.   2,   Hud.    Riv.    Gr. 
[Sig.  girded.] 
iowensis  instead  of  Nucula  iowensis. 
stella  instead  of  Nucula  Stella. 
sulcatina  instead  of  Nuculites  sulcatinus. 
Unio  orthonotus  is  Modiolopsis  orthonota. 
primigenius  is  Modiolopsis  primigenia. 
Vanuxemia,  Billings,  1858,    Can.   Nat.    & 
Geol.,    vol.  3.   [Ety.  proper  name.] 
This  genus  may  be  restored  as  it  is 
probably  distinct  from  Cypricardites 
though  related  to  it.    The  species  are 
V.  bayfieldi,  V.  inconstans,  V.  dixon- 
ensis,  V.  montrealensis  and  V.  tom- 
kinsi. 
tomkinsi,  Billings,  1860,  Can.  Jour  ,  vol. 
6,  Corniferous  limestone.   [Ety.  prop- 
er name.] 
Yoldia  rushensis,   McChesney,  instead  of 
Y.  gibbosa,  McChesney,  as  the  latter 
was  preoccupied.    And  Y.  knoxensis 
instead  of  Y.  polita  for  like  reason. 


ANNELIDA. 


313 


SUBKINGDOM    ARTICULATA.' 


CLASS    ANNELIDA. 


Arabellites,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35. 
ascialis,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud.  Kiv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  axe  shaped.] 
cervicornis,   Hinde,    1879,    Quar.    Jour. 
Geo.  Soc    Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud.  Kiv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  deer  horned.] 
cornutus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud..   Riv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  horned.] 
crenulatus,   Hinde,    1879,    Quar.    Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud.  Eiv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  crenulated.] 
cristatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,   vol.  35,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  tufted.] 
cuspidatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud.   Riv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  pointed.] 
elegans,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Clinton  Gr.  [Sig. 

elegant.] 
gibbosus.  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud.  Riv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  gibbous.] 
harnatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,   vol.  35,   Hud.  Riv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  hooked  ] 
lunatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,   Hud    Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  lunate.] 
obliquus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud.  Riv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  oblique.] 
ovalis,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo.  Soc. 

Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.    [Sig. 

oval.] 
pectinatus,    Hinde,    1879,    Quar.    Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  pectinated.] 
quadratus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.   Lond.,   vol.  35,  Silurian      [Sig. 

quadrate.] 
rectus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.   Jour.   Geo. 

Soc.   Lond.,   vol.   35,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  straight.] 
scutellatus,    Hinde,   1879,  .Quar.    Jour. 

Geo.  Stfc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  scutellated.] 
similis,   Hinde,   1879.  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig. 

similar.] 
Conchicolites  is  regarded  by  Prof.   Hall 

as  a  syn.  for  Cornulites. 
Cornulites  clintoni,  Hall,  1879,  28th  Reg. 

Rep.,    Clinton    Group.   [Ety  proper 


name.]  This  name  was  proposed  in- 
stead of  C.  flexuosus  which  is  preoc- 
cupied,when  Conchicolites  is  regarded 

as  synonymous  with  Cornulites. 
Distacodus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35.    [Ety.  distazo  to 

doubt;  odous  a  tooth.]  " 
incurvus,  Pander,   1856,    (Machairodus 

incurvus,)  Monogr.  d.  foss.  Fische.  cl. 

Silur.   syst.,   Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig  in- 
curved.] 
Drepanodus,    Pander,    1856,    Monogr.   d. 

foss.  Fische.  d.  Silur.  syst.  [Ety.  dre- 

pane,  a  sickle;  odous  tooth.] 
arcuatus,  Pander,  1856,  Monogr.  d.  foss. 

Fische.  d.  Silur.  syst.,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  arcuate.] 
Eotrophonia,   Ulrich,  1878,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,  vol.  1.  Not  satisfactorily 

defined. 
setigera,  Ulrich,   1878,  Jour.   Cin.   Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1.    Not  satisfactorily 

defined,   and  specimen  too  poor  for 

definition. 
Eunicites,  Ehlers,  1868,  Palaeontographica 

vol.  17.  [Ety.  from  the  genus  Eunice, 

a  Nereid;  and  lithos,  stone.] 
alveolatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig. 

hollowed  out  like  a  tray.] 
chiromorphus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.  vol.  35,  Clinton  Gr. 

[Sig.  hand  formed.] 
clintonensis,   Hinde,   1879,   Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Clinton  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name. J 
compactus,    Hinde,   1879,   Quar.    Jour. 

Geo.   Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  compact.] 
contortus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.,  35,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  contorted.] 
coronatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Clinton  Gr.  [Sig. 

coronated] 
digitatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.   35,   Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  digitated.] 
gracilis,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.   Lond.,   vol.   35,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  slender.] 
major,  Hinde,   1879,   Quar.   Jour.   Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud.  River.  Gr. 

[Sig.  larger.] 
nanus,   Hinde,   1879,  Quar.  Jour.   Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

a  dwarf.] 


*  Note.— I  have  included  here  the  Conodonts,  because  there  is  no  good  reasorr'why  they  should  be 
placed  in  the  Class  Pisces. 


314 


ANNELIDA. 


Eunicites    palmatus,    Hinde,   1879,   Quar. 

Jour.  Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  palmate.] 
perdentatus,  Hinde,  1879,   Quar.   Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.    [Sig.  many  toothed.] 
politus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

polished.] 
similis,  var.  arcuatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar. 

Jour.  Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham. 

Gr.     [Sig.  arcuate.] 
simplex,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,   Hud.   Riv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  simple.] 
tumidus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

tumid.] 
Glycerites,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35.     [Ety.  from  the 

genus  Glyceris',  and  lithos,  stone.] 
calceolus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Niagara  Gr.    [Sig. 

a  little  shoe.] 
sulcatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,   Hud.  Eiv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  furrowed.] 
sulcatus,   var.  excavatus,  Hinde,   1879, 

Quar.  Jour.  Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35, 

Hud.  Riv.  Gr.     [Sig.  excavated.] 
Lumbriconereites,   Ehlers,  1868,  Palaeon- 

tographica,  vol.  17.     [Ety.   from  the 

genera  Lumbricus   and    Nereis •    and 

lithos,  stone.] 
armatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig. 

armed.] 
hasalis,  Hinde,  1879,   Quar.   Jour.   Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig. 

pertaining  to  the  base.] 
dactylodus,    Hinde,   1879,    Quar.    Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.   35,  Hud.    Riv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  finger-toothed.] 
triangularis,   Hinde,   1879.    Quar.   Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Clinton  Gr. 

[Sig.  triangular.] 
Machairodus,  Pander,  1856.     This  name  was 

preoccupied.     See  Distacodus. 
incurvus,  see  Distacodus  incurvus. 
Moxocraterion,  Torell,  1869,  Acta  univei1- 

sitatis  lundensis.     [Ety    monos,  one  ; 

kraterion,  a  small  basin.] 
lesleyi,  Prime,  1878,  Geo.  Sur.  Pa.  DD, 

Calciferous    (?).    Gr.      [Ety.    proper 

name.] 
Nereidavus,  Grinnell,  1877,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

and  Arts,  3d  ser..  vol.  14.     [Ety.  Ne- 
reis, a  genus;  avus,  grandfather  ] 
solitarius,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

solitary.] 
varians,  Grinnell,  1877,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

and  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol    14,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  variable.] 
Oexites,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo.  Soc. 

Lond.,  vol.  35.     [Ety.  Oenas,  a  genus ; 

lithos,  stone.] 
amplus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.   Jour.   Geo. 


Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig. 

ample.] 
Oenites  carinatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,   vol.   35,  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr.     [Sig.  carinated.] 
cuneatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.   Lond.,  vol.   35,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  wedged.] 
curvidens,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.   35,   Hud.  Riv.   Gr. 

[Sig.  bent  toothed.] 
fragilis,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.   Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig. 

fragile.] 
inaequalis,  Hinde,  1S79,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo- 

Soc.   Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr- 

[Sig.  unequal.] 
infrequens,    Hinde,    1879,    Quar.    Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Clinton  Gr. 

[Sig.  infrequent.] 
rostratus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.   Lond.,  vol.   35,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  beaked.] 
serratus.  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.   Lond.,   vol.  35,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  serrated.] 
Planolites,  Nicholson,  1873,  Proc.  Roy.  Soc. 

[Ety.    pianos,    a    wanderer;     lithos, 

stone.]    Syn.  for  Pateeophycus. 

vulgaris,  Nicholson,  a  Palaoophycus. 

Polygnathus,   Hinde,    1879,   Quar.   Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35.    [Ety. polys, 

many;  gnathos,  a  jaw.] 
coronatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

coronated.] 
crassus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

thick.] 
cristatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.   Gr.     [Sig. 

tufted.] 
curvatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.   Gr.     [Sig. 

curved.] 
dubius,  Hinde,  1879,    Quar.   Jour.   Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,   Ham.   Gr.     [Sig. 

doubtful.] 
duplicatus,    Hinde,    1879,    Quar.    Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.   35,  Ham.   Gr. 

[Sig.  duplicated.] 
eriensis.  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.   Jour.   Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
immersus,    Hinde,    1879,    Quar.     Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.    35,   Ham.    Gr. 

[Sig  immersed.] 
linguiformis,  Hinde,   1879,  Quar.    Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,   Ham.   Gr. 

[Sig.  tongue-shaped.] 
nasutus.  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.   Jour.   Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.   Gr.     [Sig. 

nana  be.] 
palmatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

palmate.] 
pennatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 


ANNELIDA. 


315 


Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

winged.] 
Polygnathus      princeps,      Hinde,      1879, 

Quar.  Jour.  Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35. 

Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  the  chief.] 
punctatus,     Hinde,     1879,    Quar.   Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.   35,   Ham.   Gr. 

[Sig.  punctated  ] 
radiatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.   Gr.     [Sig. 

radiated.] 
serratus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.   Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.   Gr.     [Sig. 

serrated.] 
simplex,  Hinde,  1S79,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.   Gr.    [Sig. 

simple.] 
solidus,  Hinde,   1879,  Quar.   Jour.   Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr.    [Sig. 

solid.] 
truncatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,    Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

truncated.] 
tuberculatum,  Hinde,  1879,   Quar.   Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  London,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  tuberculated.] 
Prioniodus,  Pander,  1856,  Monogr.  d.  foss. 

Fiscbe  d.  Silur.  Syst.     [Ety.  ptionion, 

a  small  saw;  odous,  a  tooth.] 
abbreviates,   Hinde,   1879,   Quar.   Jour. 

Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.    35,   Ham.   Gr. 

[Sig.  abbreviated.] 
acicularis,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.   Gr.    [Sig. 

acicular.] 
alatus,    Hinde,   1879,   Quar.   Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.   Gr.     [Sig. 

winged.] 
angulatus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.   Gr.     [Sig. 

angulated.] 
armatus,  Hinde,  1S79,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

armed.] 
elegfins.  Hinde,  1879,   Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,    Hud.   Eiv.    Gr. 

[Sig.  elegant.] 
erraticus,. Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 

Soc.  Loud.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 

erratic] 
furcatus.  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.   Geo. 

Soc.  Lond.,   vol.   35,   Hud.   Eiv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  forked.] 
panderi,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
politus,  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.  Geo. 
Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud.  Eiv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  polished.] 


Pkixoidus  radicans,    Hinde,    1879,    Quar. 
Jour.  Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Hud. 
Eiv.  Gr.  [Sig.  rooting.] 
spicatus.  Hinde,  1879,  Quar.  Jour.   Geo. 
Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Ham.   Gr.    [Sig. 
spiked.] 
Protoscolex,  Ulrich,  1878,  Jour.  Cin  Soc. 
Nat  Hist.,  vol.  1.     [Ety.  protos,  first; 
skolex,  a  worm.] 
covingtonensis,  Ulrich,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Utica  Slate  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
ornatus,  Ulrich,  1878,  Jour.   Cin.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.   1,  Utica  Slate  Gr. 
[Sig.  ornate.] 
simplex,  Ulrich,  1878,  Jour.  Cin.   Soc. 
iSat.    Hist.,  vol.  1,  Utica  Slate   Gr. 
[Sig.  simple.] 
tenuis,  Ulrich,  1878,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat. 
Hist.,  vol.  1,   Utica  Slate  Gr.    [Sig. 
slender.] 
Scolithus  is  doubtless  the  work  of  some 
kind  of  a  borer, 
tuberosus,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,   Cont. 
to  Pal.  No.  2,   Hud.   Eiv.   Gr.     [Sig. 
full  of  humps.] 
woodi,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann.  Eep.  Geo. 
Sur.  Wis.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Serpula  insita,   White,   1878,   Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  CoalMeas.    [Sig.  inserted.] 
Spirorbis     anthracosia,     Whitfield,     1881, 
Am.  Jour.  Sci.  and  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol. 
21,  Coal  Meas.[Sig.  pertaining  to  coal.] 
cincinnatensis,    Miller    &    Dyer,     1878, 
Jour.   Cin.   Soc.   Nat.  Hist.,    vol.   1, 
Hud.  Eiv.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
omphalodes,  Goldfuss,  1826,  Germ.  Pe- 
tref.,  Up.  Held,  and  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig. 
like  a  navel  or  boss.] 
spinuliferus,  Nicholson,  1875,  Pal.  Prov. 
Ont.,  Ham.  Gr.     [Sig.  spine  bearing.] 
Staurocephalites,     Hinde,     1879,     Quar. 
Jour.  Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35.    [Ety. 
stauros,  a  cross ;  kephale,  head ;  lithos, 
stone.] 
niagarensis,   Hinde,   1879,   Quar.    Jour. 
Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  35,  Niagara  Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Walcottia,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1.    [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
cookana,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Cont.  to 
Pal.   No.   2,    Hud.    Eiv.    Gr.    [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
rugosa,  Miller  &  Dyer,  1878,  Jour.    Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Eiv.  Gr. 
[Sig.  rugose.] 


316 


CKUSTACEA. 


CLASS    CRUSTACEA. 


Acidaspis  fimbriata,  Hall,  1879,  Desc.  New 

Spec.  Foss.  from  Niagara  Gr.     [Sig. 

fimbriated.] 
parvula,  Walcott,  31st  Keg.  Rep. 
Aglaspis  eatoni,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann.  Rep. 

Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Potsdam  Gr.    [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Agnostus    communis,    Hall    &    Whitfield, 

1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Expl.  40th  parallel, 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  common.] 
neon,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S.  Geo. 

Expl.  40th  parallel,  Potsdam  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
prolongus,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 

Geo.  Expl.  40th  parallel,  Potsdam  Gr. 

[Sig.  prolonged.] 
tumidosus,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 

Geo.  Expl.  40th  parallel,  Potsdam  Gr. 

[Sig.  high  swelling.] 
Agratjlos  woosteri,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann. 

Rep.   Geo.   Sur.  Wis.,  Potsdam  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Amphipeltis  is  from  Amphi,  on  both  sides, 

instead  of  doubtful. 
Arctinurus,  Castelnau,  syn.  for  Lichas. 
Arges,  signifies  bright  or  shining,  instead 

of  a  mythological  name. 
ARiONELLUSConvexuSjWhitfield,  1878,  Ann. 

Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,    Potsdam  Gr. 

[Sig.  convex.] 
pustulatus,  Walcott,  31st  Reg.  Rep. 
Asaphoidichnus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1880,  Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,   vol.  2.     [Ety. 

Asaphus,  a  genus;  eidos,  form;  ichnos, 

dyeri,  S.  A.  Miller,  1880,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,   vol.   2,   Utica  Slate  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
trifidus,  S.  A.  Miller,  1880,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.   Nat.    Hist.,  vol.  2,  Utica  Slate 

Gr.     [Sig.  trifid.] 
Asaphus  caudatus,  Green,  syn.  for  Dalman- 

ites  limulurus.  (?) 
cordieri,  Castelnau,  syn.  for  Dahnanites 

limulurus. 
crypturus  was  described  by  Green   in 

1834,  Trans.  Geo.  Soc.  Penn.,  vol.  1, 

pt.  1. 
ditmarsiae,  Honeyman,  1879,  Proc.  Nova 

Scotia  Inst.,  vol.  5,  Lower  Silurian. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
edwardsi,  Castelnau,  syn.  for  Dalmanites 

limulurus. 
homalonotoides  is  in  31st  Reg.  Rep.  N. 

Y. 
murchisoni,  Castelnau,  syn.  lor  A.  gigas. 
nodostriatus,  Hall.  1847," Pal.  N.  Y.,  vol. 

1.      Not  defined  so  as  to  establish  a 

species, 
triangulatus,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann.  Rep. 

Geo.  Sur.  Wis  ,  Trenton  Gr.      [Sig. 

triangular.] 


Atops,    Emmons,    1844,    Taconic   System. 
This   genus  should  probably  be  re- 
stored because  it  is  distinct  from  Tri- 
arthrus.    There  is  only  one   species 
defined.     Atops  trilineatus.     It  is  re- 
lated to  Conocephalites,  and  as  a  ge- 
neric name  has  priority. 
Bathyurus  pogonipensis,  Hall  and  Whit- 
field, 1877,  U.    S.    Geo.    Expl.    40th 
parallel,    Quebec    Gr.     [Ety.   proper 
name.] 
Beyrichia  lithofactor  should  be  defined  as 
maker  Of  stone,  and  so  also  B.  petri- 
f  actor, 
persulcata,  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Sig. 
very  much  furrowed.] 
regularis  was   named  from  the   regular 
bars  instead  of  "formed  in  bars." 
Bronteus  was  defined  by  Goldfuss  in  1839, 
in  Nova  Act.   Phys.    Med.  Csesarea; 
Leop-Carol.  Nat.  Curios,  xix.,  pt.  1, 
p.  360. 
canadensis,  Logan,  1846,  Rep.  Geo.  Sur. 
Canada,  Low.  Held.  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
flabellifer,   Goldfnss,  Nova.  Acta  Acad. 
Caes.  Leop.   Nat.   Cur.  vol.,  19  Up. 
Silurian.  [Sig  a  fan  bearer.] 
laphami,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 
Sur.  Wis.,  Niagara  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 
Calymene  christyi  is  from  the  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
conradi,  Emmons,  1856,  Am.  Geol.,  Lor- 
raine Shales  or  Hud.  Riv.  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
nasuta,  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat. 
Hist  vol.  2,  Niagara  Gr.  [Sig.  nasute.] 
rostrata,  Vogdes.  1880,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.,  Clinton  Gr.     [Sig.  hooked.] 
Ceratiocaris  grandis,  Pohlman,  1881,  Bull. 
Buf.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.   4,   Water- 
lime  Gr.     [Sig.  grand] 
Ceraurus  rarus  is  in  31st  Reg.  Rep. 
Chariocephalus  tumifrons,  Hall  &  Whit- 
field, 1877,    U.   S.   Geo.   Expl.,  40th 
parallel,  Potsdam   Gr.     [Sig.  having 
a  tumid  front.] 
Coxocephalites  binodosus    instead  of  C. 
binodus. 
calciferus,  Walcott,  1879.  32  Reg.  Rep., 
Calciferous     Gr.         [Sig.      calcifer- 
ous.] 
calymenoides,    Whitfield,    1878.     Ann. 
Rep.   Geo.   Sur.    Wis.,   Potsdam   Gr. 
[Sig.  like  a  Calymene.] 
explanatus,  Whitfield,  1880,   Ann.   Rep. 
Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,   Potsdam   Gr.     [Sig. 
spread  out] 
harti,    Walcott,    1879,     32d  Reg.   Rep  , 
Calciferous  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
laticeps,  Hall  &   Whitfield,  1877,   U.   S. 


CRUSTACEA. 


317 


Geo.    Expl.,   40th  parallel,  Potsdam 

dr.     [Sig.  having  a  wide  head.] 
Coxocephalites  quadratus,  Whitfield, 1880, 

Ann.  Rep.  Geo.  Snr.    Wis.,  Potsdam 

Gr.     [Sig.  quadrate.] 
subeoronatus,   Hall   &   Whitfield,    1877, 

U.  S.  Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel,  Que- 
bec Gr.  [Sig.  somewhat  coronated.] 
Crepicephalcs  angolatus,  Hall  &  Whit- 
field, 1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Expl.,  40th  par- 
allel, Potsdam  Gr.  [Sig.  angulated.] 
anytus,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 

Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel,  Potsdam  Gr. 

[Etv.  proper  name.] 
centralis,  Whitfield,  1877,  Rep.  on  Pal. 

of  the  Black  Hills,  Potsdam  Gr.    [Sig. 

central.] 
gibbesi,  Whitfield.  1880,  Ann.  Kep.  Geo. 

Sur.  Wis.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
granulosus,  Hall  &  Whitfield.  1877,  U.  S. 

Geo.  Expl.,   40th  parallel,   Potsdam 

Gr.     [Sig.  granulous.] 
haguei,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.   S. 

Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel,   Potsdam 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
maculosufl,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 

Geo.   Expl.,   40th  parallel,  Potsdam 

Gr.     [Sig.  spotted.] 
nitidus.  Hall  &   Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 

Geo.   Expl..  40th  parallel,   Potsdam 

Gr.     [Sig.  neat.] 
onustus,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 

Sur.  Wis.,  Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  full.] 
planus,  Whitfield,  1877,  Rep.  on  Pal.  of 

Black  Hills,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Sig.  plane.] 
'    quadrans.  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 

Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel,  Quebec  Gr. 

[Sig.  a  quarter.] 
simulator.  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 

Geo.  Expl..  40  parallel,  Potsdam  Gr. 

[Sig.  an  imitator.] 
unisulcatus,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1S77,  U.  S. 

Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel.  Potsdam  Gr. 

[Sig.  one  furrowed.] 
Cytherk  carbonaria,  refer  to  Leperditia  car- 

bonaria . 
irregularis,  S.  A.  Miller,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  irregular.]     The  species  does  not 

belong  to  this  genus. 

f'YTHERELEIXA,  JoiieS  &  Hall. 

glandella.  Whitfield,  1882,  Bull.  No.  3, 

Am.   Mus    Nat.  Hist.,  Warsaw  Gr. 

[Sig  a  small  kernel  ] 
< 'ytheropsis  ruffosa,  is  Primitia  rugosa. 
Dai.mamtks  calliteles,  signifies  a  beautiful 

tail, 
intermedins  is  in  31st  Heg  Rep. 
Dkki-i.ocki'hai.ts,        see      Pterocephalia, 

which  has  priority. 
barabuensis,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep. 

Geo.  Sur.  AVis.,  Low.  Magnesian  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
bilobatus,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.   S. 

Geo.  Expl.,   40th    parallel,   Potsdam 

Gr.     [Sig.  two  lobed.] 
eatoni,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 


Sur.    Wis.,    Low.     Magnesian     Gr. 
[Ety.  proper  name. 1 
DiCELLOCEPHOLcs  flabellifer,  Hall  &  Whit- 
field, 1877,  U.  S.  Geo.  Expl.,  40th  par- 
allel, Potsdam  Gr.  [Sig.  a  fan  bearer.] 

gothicus,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 
Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel,  Potsdam  Gr. 
[Sig.  gothic] 

lodensis,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann.  Rep.  Geo. 
Sur.  Wis.,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety.  proper 
name.] 

multicinctus,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U. 
S.  Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel,  Potsdam 
Gr.     [Sig.  many  girded.] 

quadriceps.  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U. 
S.  Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel,  Quebec 
Gr.     [Sig.  square  headed.] 

sancti-sabse,  Roemer,  1849,  Texas  Mit. 
naturwissench  Anhang.  (Pter- 
ocephalia sancti-sabae),  and  1852, 
Kreid  von  Texas,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

wahsatchensis,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877, 
U.  S.  Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel, 
Quebec  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Doeichopterus  mansfieldi,  Hall,  1877, 
Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc,  Lower  Coal 
Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Echinocaris,  Whitfield,  1880.  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  and  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  19.  [Ety. 
echinos,  the  sea  urchin  ;  karis,  a 
shrimp.] 

multinodosa,  Whitfield,  1880,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  and  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  19,  Erie 
Shales.     [Sig.  many  noded.J 

pustulosa,  Whitfield,  1880,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  and  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  19,  Erie 
Shales,     [sig.  pustulous.] 

subkevis,  Whitfield.  1880,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  and  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  19,  Erie 
Shales.  [Sig.  somewhat  smooth.] 
Echinognathus,  Walcott,  1882,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  and  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  23.  [Ety. 
echinos,  sea  urchin;  gnathos,  the  jaw.] 

clevelandi,  Walcott,  1882,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  and  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  23,  Utica 
blate  Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Elliptocephala  curta  is  Olenellus  cartas,  and 
K.  asaphoides  is  O.  asaphoides.  Ole- 
nellus is  a  syn.  for  Elliptocephala  of 
Emmons,  but  the  latter  name  being 
preoccupied,  Olenellus  must  be  used.  J 
Excrixurus  egani.  S.  A.  Miller,  1880,  Jour. 
Cin.  Soc.  Nat.,  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Niagara 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

minis.  This  is  not  an  Encrinurus,  but 
I  am  not  able  to  refer  it  satisfactorily 
to  any  genus. 

trentonensis,  and  E.  varicostatus  are  in 
the  31st  Reg.  Rep. 
Enoploura,  Wetherby,  1878,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1.  Proposed  instead 
of  Anomalocystites  upon  the  ground 
that  it  is  a  Crustacean  instead  of  a 
Cystidean. 
Estheria,  Ruppell  and  Straus-Durekheim, 
1837,  Mus.  r-M'nckenberg.  vol.  2,  p. 
119.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


318 


CKUSTACEA. 


Estheria  pulex,  Clarke,  1882,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.  and  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  23,  Ham. 

Gr.   [Sig.  a  flea.l 
Eurypterus  eriensis,  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc. 

New  Spec.  Foss.    from  Ohio,  Low. 

Held.  Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
pennsylvanicus,  Hall,  1877,  Trans.  Am. 

Phil.  Soc.,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper 

name.] 
pulicaris,  signifies  like  a  flea. 
Eusarcus,  Grote  and  Pitt,  1877,  Bull.  Buf. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4.  [Ety.  eu,  well 

off;  sarkos,  flesh.] 
grandis,  Grote  and  Pitt,  1877,  Bull.  Buf. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 4,  Waterlime  Gr. 

[Sig.  grand.] 
scorpionis,  Grote  and  Pitt,   1877,   Bull. 

Buf.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,Waterlime 

Gr.    [Sig.  scorpion.] 
Helminthoidichnites  marinus,  is  Gordia  mar- 
ina, Emmons,  1844,  Taconic  Syst. 
Homalonotus  atlas,   H.  giganteus  and   H. 

herculaneus    of   Castlenau    are    syn- 
onyms for  H.  delphinocephalus,   or 

they  are  not  recognized  for  want  of 

proper  definition. 
Ill^nurus  convexus,  Whitfield,  1878.  Ann. 

Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis.,  Low.  Mag.  Gr. 

[Sig.  convex.] 
Ile^enus    indeterminatus  is  in  31st.   Peg. 

Pep.  N.  Y. 
niagarensis,  Whitfield,  1880,  Ann.  Rep. 

Geo.   Sur.  Wis.,   Niagara  Gr.     [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
pterocephalus,    Whitfield,     1878,     Ann. 

Rep.   Geo.    Sur.  Wis.,   Niagara  Gr. 

[Sig.  winged  head.] 
Isochilina  jonesi,  Wetherhy,   1881,  Jour. 

Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Trenton 

Gr.  [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Isotelus  canalis  is  from  the  Chazy  Gr. 
megistos  was  described  in  the    Trans. 

Assoc.  Am.  Geol.  and  Naturalists. 
Leperditia    angulifera,    Whitfield,    1882, 

Desc.  New.  Spec.   Foss.  from   Ohio, 

Low.  Held.  Gr.    [Sig.  hearing  angles.] 
hillingsi,    Jones,    1881,    Ann.    &   Mag. 

Nat.  Hist.,   5th  ser.,  vol.  18,  Trenton 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
hivertex,  Ulrich,  1879,   Jour.  Cin.   Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,  vol.   2,   Utica  Slate  Gr. 

[Sig.  two  headed.] 
CEecigena,  S.  A.  Miller,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 
i         [Sig.  born  blind.] 
carbonaria,  instead  of  Cythere  carbon- 
aria, 
crepiformis,    Ulrich,    1879,    Jour.    Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  2,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Sig.  boot  form.] 
radiata,   Ulrich,   1879,   Jour.    Cin.   Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,   vol.  2,  Utica    Slate  Gr. 

[Sig.  radiated.] 
unicornis.  Ulrich,  1879,  Jour.   Cin.  Soc. 

Nat.   Hist.,  vol.  2,   Utica  Slate  Gr. 

[Sig.  one  horned.] 
Lichas  emarginatus,  Hall,  1879,  28th   Reg. 

Rep.,   Niagara   Gr.      [Sig.    einargin- 

ated.] 


Lichas  harrisi,  S.  A.  Miller,  1878,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  Hud.  Riv.  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Lisgocaris,    Clarke,   1882,   Am.   Jour.    Sci. 

and  Arts,  3d.  ser.,  vol.23.     [Syn.  for 

Spathiocaris.] 
lutheri,  Clarke,  1882,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  and 

Arts.  3d  ser.,  vol.  23,  Ham.  Gr.,  refer 

to  Spathiocaris  lutheri. 
Microdiscus  lobatus  is  from  the  Taconic  or 

Lower  Potsdam,  and  M.  speciosus  was 

described  in  1873. 
Ogygia  parabola,   Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877, 

U.  S.  Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Sig.  a  parabola.] 
producta.  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 

Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel,  Quebec  Gr. 

[Sig.  extended.] 
Olenellus  asaphoides  was  described  in  the 

Taconic  System. 
curtus,  Whitfield,  1878  (Elliptocephalus 

curtus),   Ann.  Rep.  Geo.  Sur.  Wis  , 

Potsdam  Gr.     [Sig.  short.] 
PAi^:oPAL.EMON,Whitfiekl,  1880,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci.  and  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  19.     [Ety.. 

palaios,  ancient;  Pahemon,  a  genus.] 
newberryi,  Whitfield,  1880,  Am.  Jour. 

Sci  and  Arts.,  3d  ser.,  vol.  19,  Erie 

Shales.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Phillipsia  tennesseensis  is  from  the  Kin- 

derhook  Gr. 
tuberculata,    Meek    &    Worthen,    1870, 

Proc.   Acad.   Nat.    Sci.,    Burlington 

Gr.     [Sig.  tuberculated  ] 
Plumulites  was   described  by   Barrande, 

1872,  Syst.  Sil.  Boh.  Instead  of  Plum- 

ulites,  English  authors  use  Turrilepis, 

proposed  by  Woodward  in  1865,  but 

not  defined  so  a6  to  be  understood, 
devonicus,  Clarke,  1882,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 

and  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol.  23,  Ham.  Gr. 

[Sig.  devonian.] 
newberryi.  Whitfield,  1882,  Desc.  New 

Spec.   Foss.  from  Ohio,  Portage  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Primitia  rugosa  instead  of  Cytheropsis  ru- 

gosa. 
Proetus  auriculatus,  P.  doris  and  P.  swal- 

lovi  are  from  the  Waverly,  Choteau 

or  Kinderhook  Gr. 
davenportensis,  Barris,  1879,  Proc.  Dav. 

Acad.    Sci.,    Corniferous    limestone. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
denticulatus,  Meek,    1877,    U.    S.    Geo. 

Expl.,  40th  parallel,  Devonian.     [Sig. 

denticulated.] 
granulatus,  Wetherby,  1881,  Jour.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

[Sig.  granulated.] 
loganensis,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.S. 

Geo.  Expl.,   40th  parallel,  Waverly 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
parviusculus  w*s  described  in  the  13th 

Reg.  Rep.  1860,  from  the  Hud.  Riv. 

Gr. 
peroccidens,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U. 

S.  Geo.  Expl.,  40th  parallel,  Waverly 

Gr.     [ Sig.  from  the  far  west.] 


PISCES. 


319 


Protichxites  alternans,  P.  latus,  P.  line- 
atus,  P.  multinotatus,  P.  oeto-notatus 
and  P.  septem-notatus  are  from  the 
Potsdam  Gr. 

Pterocephalia  Roemer,  1849,  Texas,  Mit 
naturwissench.  Anhang.  Bonn.,  and 
afterward  in  1852,  Kreid  von  Texas. 
[Ety.  pteron  wing:  IcephaleheaA;]  It 
18  identical  with  Dicellocephalus,  and 
has  priority  of  definition,  and  was 
illustrated  the  same  year. 
sancti-sabaa,  Roemer,  1849,  Texas.  Mit 
naturwissench.  Anhang.,  and  in  1852, 
Kreid  von  Texas.,  Potsdam  Gr.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 

Pterygotus  buffaloensis.  Pohlman,  1881, 
Bull.  Buf.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4, 
Waterlline  Gr.  [Etv.  proper  name.] 
cummingsi,  Grote  &  Pitt,  1877,  Bull 
Buf.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  4,  Water- 
lime  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 

Ptychaspis  rainuta,  Whitfield,  1878,   Ann. 

Rep.   Geo.   Sur.   Wis.,  Potsdam  Gr. 

[Sig.  minute.] 

pustulosa,  Hall  &  Whitfield,  1877,  U.  S. 

Geo.  Expl..   40th   Parallel,  Potsdim 

/     Gr.     [Sig.  pustulous.] 

speciosa,   Walcott,    1879,  32d  Reg.  Rep. 

[Sig  beautiful.] 
striata,  Whitfield,  1878,  Ann.  Rep.   Geo. 
Sur;    Wis.,     Potsdam,     Gr.        [Sig. 
striated.] 

Rhachura,  Scudder,  1878,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 


Nat.  Hist.    [Ety.  rachis,  a  ridge ;  oura, 
tail.] 
Rhachura    venosa,    Scudder,   1878,   Proc. 
Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist..  Coal  Meas.  [Sig. 
full  of  veins.] 
Rusichxites    carbonarius,    Dawson,   1868, 
Acadian  Geology, Carboniferous.  [Sig. 
pertaining  to  Carbon.] 
grenvillensis,  Dawson,  Chazy  Gr.    [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
Solexopleura  nana,  Ford,  1878,  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  and  Arts.  3d  ser.,  vol.  15,  Pots- 
dam Gr.     [Sig.  a  dwarf.] 
Spathiocaris,  Clarke,  1882,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 
and    Arts,    3d   ser.,    vol.   23.     [Ety. 
spathe,  a  spathe;  karis,  a  shrimp.] 
emersoni,  Clarke,  1882,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 
and  Arts,  3d   ser.,   vol.   23,  Portage 
Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
lutheri  instead  of  Lisgocaris  lutheri. 
Triarthrus  becki  is  from  the  Utica  Slate 
Gr. 
fischeri,  Billings,  1865,  Pal.  Foss.,  Que- 
bec Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
glaber,    Billings,   1859,   Can.    Nat.  and 
Geol.,  vol.  4,  Utica  Slate  Gr.     [Sig. 
smooth.] 
spinosus  is  from  the  Utica  Slate  Gr. 
tvilineatus   should  be  referred  to  Atops 
trilineatus. 
Trixucleus   bellulus,   Ulrich,   1878,    Jour. 
Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  1,  is  from 
the  Utica  Slate,  and  6eems  to  be  the 
young  of  T.  concentricus. 


CLASS    ARACHNIDA. 


Eoscorpius  was  published  in  vol.  46,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  and  Arts. 


CLASS    MYRIAPODA. 


Euphoberia  was  published  in  vol.  46,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  and  Arts. 


CLASS    INSECTA. 


Archimylacris  mantis   is  a  typographical 

or  accidental  mistake,  and  the  name 

should  be  stricken  out. 
Ephemerites   primordialis.  Scudder,  1878. 

Proc.   Bost.    Soc.    Nat.    Hist.,    Coal 

Meas.  [Sig.  primordial.] 


Termes,  Linnaeus,  1748,  Systema  Naturae, 
p.  610,  and  older  authors.  [Ety .termes, 
a  worm  that  eats  wood] 
contusus,  Scudder,  1878,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist..  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  broken 
or  bruised] 


CLASS    PISCES. 


Acoxdylacaxthus  (?)  mudgianus,  St. 
John  &  Worthen  (In  press),  Geo  Sur. 
111.,  vol.  7.  Up.  Coal  Meas.  [Ety. 
proper  name.] 
nuperus.  St  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 
Geo.  Sur  111.,  vol.  7,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  new.] 


Acoxdylacaxthus  rectus,  St.  John  <fc 
Worthen  (In  press),  Geo.  Sur.  111., 
vol.  7,  Up.  Coal  Meas.  [Sig.  straight.] 
xiphias,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Keokuk  Gr. 
[Sig.  a  sword  fish.] 

Amacaxthus  can  not  be  derived  from  ana- 


320 


PISCES. 


kanthos,  and  its  etymology  is  not  ap.- 

parent  unless  it  is  from  arna,  together ; 

and  kanthos,  the  felly  of  a  wheel. 
Asteroptychtus    tenellus,     St.     John    & 

Worthen  (In  press),   Geo.  Sur.    111., 

vol.  7,  Up.  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  young, 

delicate.] 
Batacanthus  (?)  necis,  St.  John  &  Worth- 
en  (In  press),  Geo.  Sur.   111.,  vol.  7, 

Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  death] 
Gatopterus  macrurus  is   from  the  Triassie, 

and  the  specific  name  signifies  long 

tailed. 
Chitonodus,    St.    John    &    Worthen    fin 

press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7.     [Ety. 

chiton,  a  smock  or  coat ;  odous.  a  tooth.] 
antiquus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press). 

Geo.  Sur  111.,  vol.  7,  Low.  Burlington 

Gr.     [Sig.  ancient] 
latus,    Leidy.    1856    (Cochliodus   latus), 

Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc,  vol.  11,  p.  87. 

PI.    5,   fig.    17,    Keokuk   Gr.      [Sig. 

wide.] 
liratus.  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  furrowed  ] 
rugosus  instead  of  Poecilodus  rugosus, 

P.  ornatus  and  P.  convolutns. 
springeri,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Up.  Burlington 

Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name. J 
tribulis,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.    Sur.   111.,   vol.   7,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig  one  of  the  same  tribe.] 
Cladodus  occidentalis,  Leidy,  1859,  Proc. 

Acad     Nat     Sci.,    Up.    Coal    Meas. 

[Sig.  western.] 
Cochliodus  is  derived  from  kochlias,  any- 
thing spird;  odous,  a  tooth. 
crassus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  is  a  syn. 

for  Sancfalodus  lasvissimus. 
latus.  refer  to  Chitonodus  latus. 
nitidus,    Leidy.    1856,    refer    to    Delto- 

ptychius  nitidus. 
nobilis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  syn.  for 

Chitonodus  latus. 
obliquus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur.  Ill  ,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  oblique  ] 
occidentalis,   Leidy,    1856.  refer  to  Del- 

todus  occidentalis. 
validus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  i  In  press), 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

[Sig.  strong,  stout] 
vanhornii,    St.    John    &    Worthen    (In 

press),  Geo  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Copodus  pusillus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In 

press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Kaskas- 
kia Gr.     [Sig.  very  small.] 
vanhornii,  St  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Ety   proper  name.] 
Ctenacanthus  buttersi,  St.  John  &  Worth- 
en (In  press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7. 

[Ety.  proper  n  me.] 
cannaliratus,  St.   John  &  Worthen  (In 


press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Kaskas- 
kia Gr.     [Sig.  reed  furrowed.] 
Ctenacanthus  costatus,   refer  to  Eunema- 

canthus  costatus. 
coxanus.  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.    Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,   Keokuk    Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
deflexus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  deflexed  ] 
harrisoni,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur  111.,  vol.    7,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
pellensis,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Ctenodus     dialophus,     Cope,     1878.     Pal. 

Bull.  No.  29,  Permian.     [Sig  through 

the  neck.] 
fossatus,   Cope,    1S77,    Proc.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc,  Permian.     [Sig.  dug  out..] 
gurleianus.  Cope,  1877.  Proc.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc,  Permian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
periprion.  Cope.  1878,  Pal   Bull.  No.  29, 

Permian.     [Sig.  a  round  saw] 
porrectus,  Cope,  1878.  Pal.  Bull.  No.  29, 

Permian.     [Sig.  prolonged.] 
pusillus,  Cope,  1877,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  26, 

Permian      [Sig.  very  small.] 
Ctenoptychtus      digit 'tus.    Leidy,     1856, 

Trans.    Am.   Phil.    Soc  ,  vol.  11,  St. 

Louis  Gr.     [Sig  digitated.] 
semicircularis,  refer  to  Peripristis  senii- 

circularis. 
Deltodopsis,    St.    John    &    Worthen   (In 

press),   Geo.    Sur.    Ill  ,  vol.  7.  [Ety. 

from   the   resemblance  to  the  genus 

Beltodus.] 
afflnis,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.   S"r.   111.,   vol.   7,  Warsaw  Gr. 

[Sig.  near  to.] 
angusta,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  instead 

of  Deltodus  angustus. 
bialveata,    St.    John    &     Worthen     (In 

press),    Geo.   Sur.    111.,   vol.   7.   Up. 

Burlington  Gr      [Sig.  twice  hollowed 

out.] 
convexa,     St.    John    &    Worthen      (In 

press),   Geo.   Sur.    111.,    vol.    7,   Up. 

Burlington    and    Keokuk   Gr.     [Sig. 

convex.] 
convoluta,     St.    John    &   Worthen    (In 

press),   Geo.   Sur.    111.,   vol.   7.   Up. 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  convoluted.] 
exornata,     St.    John    &    Worthen     (In 

press),  Geo   Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Warsaw 

Gr.     [Sig.  adorned.] 
keokuk,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur    111.,   vol.    7,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Ety.  proper  name  ] 
stludovici,    St.    John    &    Worthen    (In 

press),  Geo.  Sur.  III.,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis 

Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name  ] 
Deltodus  alatus,   Newberry   &   Worthen, 

syn.  for  Chitonodus  latus. 
angularis.  Newberry    &   Worthen,  syn. 

for  Orthopleurodus  carbonarius. 
angustus,  refer  to  Deltodopsis  angusta. 


PISCES. 


321 


Deltodus  cinctulus,  St.  John  &  Worthen 

(In press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  War- 

saw  Gr.     [Sig.  small  girt] 
fasciatus,  refer  to  Taeniodus  fasciatus. 
intermedius,   St.  John  &  Worthen    (In 

press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis 

Gr.     [Sig.  intermediate.] 
latior,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.   Sur.  111.,   vol.    7,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  to  be  concealed.] 
occidentalis.    Leidy,    1856     (Cochliodus 

occidentals),  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc. 

vol.   11.    Warsaw    and    Keokuk   Gr. 

[Sig.  western.] 
parvus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.   Suit.  111.,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  small.] 
powelli,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.    Sur.    111.,   vol.    7,    Up.    Garb. 

[Ety.  proper  name  ] 
propinquus,    St.   John  &  Worthen    (In 

press),   Geo.   Sur.   111.,  vol.   7,   Coal 

lieu     [Sig.  near.] 
rhomboideu*,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  is  a 

syn.  for  Sandalodus  spatulatus. 
stellatus,   Newberry   &    Worthen,    syn. 

for  D.  occidentalis. 
trilohus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.    Sur.    111.,  vol.  7,   Warsaw  Gr. 

[Sig.  three  lobed.] 
Deltoptychius    expansus,    St.    John    & 

Worthen   (In  press),   Geo.  Sur.  111.. 

,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis  Gr.  [Sig.  expanded  ] 

nitidus,  Leidy,  1856  (Cochliodus  nitidus), 

Trans.    Am.  Phil.  Soc,  vol.  11,  Kas- 

kaskiiGr.     [Sig.  neat.] 
primus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press). 

Geo.  Sur.   111.,  vol.   7,  Up.  Burling- 
ton Gr.     [Sig.  first.] 
varsoviensis,   St.   John  &  Worthen  (In 

press),  Geo.    Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  War- 
saw Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
wachsmuthi.  St  John  &  Worthen    (In 

press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Keokuk 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Diplodus  penetrans  is  from  the  Can.  Nat. 

&  Geol.,  vol.  5. 
Ectosteorhachis,   Cope,   1880.  Pal.  Bull. 

No.  32.     [Ety.  ektos,  without;  rachis, 

a  ridge.] 
nitidus.   Cope,  1880.  Pal.  Bull.  No.  32, 

Permian.    [Sig  neat.] 
Euxemacaxthus.  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In 

press),  Geo    Sur.  111.,  vol.  7.     [Ety. 

eu,   well;   nema,   a  line;    akantha,   a 

spine.] 
costatus,     Newberry    &    Worthen,    in- 
stead of  Ctenacanthus  costatus. 
Glymmatacaxthus    petrodoides,    St.  John 

&  Worthen  (In  press).  Geo.  Sur.  111., 

vol.    7,    Kaskaskia    Gr.       [Sig.    like 

Petrodus.] 
rudis,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.   Sur.   Ill  ,   vol.   7,  Keokuk   Gr. 

[Sig.  a  slender  stick.] 
GYRACAxruus      cordatus,     St.     John     & 

Worthen   (In   press),  Geo.    Sur.  111., 

vol.  7,  Keokuk  Gr.     [Sig.  judicious.] 


Helodus  consolidates,  Newberry  &  Worth- 
en, syn.  for  Chitonodus  la  us. 
gibbus,      Leidy,      1856,       Trans.     Am. 

Phil.  Soc,  vol.  11,  Keokuk  Gr.    [Sig. 

gibbous. 1 
placenta,  refer  to  Psephodus  placenta. 
Janassa.     Minster,    1*39,     Beitrage     zur 

Petrefakten-kunde,    vol.    1.   and    in 

Ag.  Poiss.  Foss..  vol.  3,  p.  375.     [Ety. 

mythological  name.] 
gurleiana,  Cope.  1877  (Strigilina  gurlei- 

ana)    Proc  Am.  Phil.  Soc,  Permian. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
Leptophkactus  was  accidentally  printed  in 

this  class,  but  it  also  appeared  cor- 
rectly among  the  Reptilia. 
Oracaxthus  consimilis,  St.  John  &  Worth- 
en, syn.  for  O.  vet'istus. 
rectus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

[sig.  straight.] 
vetustus,  Leidy.  1856,  Jour.  Acad.  Nat. 

Sci.,  Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  ancient.] 
Orthacanthus  quadriseriatus,  Cope,  1877, 

Pal.   Bull.,  No.  26,   Permian.    [Sig. 

having  four  series.] 
Orthopleurodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In 

press),  Geo    Sur.  111.,  vol.  7.     [Ety. 

orthos,  straight;   pleura,  side;  odous, 

a  tooth.] 
carbonarius,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  in- 
stead of  Sandalodus  carbonarius. 
convexus,    St     John    &    Worthen    (In 

press),  Geo.  Sur.   111.,  vol.   7,   Coal 

Meas.     [Sig.  convex.] 
novomexicanus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In 

press),  Geo.  Sur.    111.,  vol.  7,  Low. 

Carb.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Paljeobatis.  Leidy.  1856,  Trans.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc,  vol    11.     [Ety.  palaios,  ancient; 

batis,  a  prickly  kind  of  roach  or  ray.] 
insignis,  Leidy,  1856    Trans.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc,    vol.    11,    Keokuk    Gr.     [Sig. 

marked  ] 
Pal^oxiscus  alberti,  refer  to  Rhadinichthys 

alberti. 
cairnsi,  refer  to  Rhadinichthys  cairnsi. 
jacksoni,  Dawson,  1877.  Can.  Nat.  Quar. 

Jour  Sci.,  vol.  8,  Carboniferous.  [Ety. 

proper  name  ] 
modulus,  see  Rhadinichthys  modulus. 
Peripristis     Agassiz,    1870,    Proc.    Am. 

Phil.  Soc  ,  vol.  11.   [Ety  peri,  around ; 

pristis,  a  saw.] 
semicircularis,   Newberry    &   Worthen, 

1S66    (Ctenoptichius    semicircularis), 

Geo.  of  III.,  vol.  2,  Coal  Meas.    [Sig. 

semicircular.] 
Petalodus  distructor  is  a  syn.  for  P.  al- 

leghaniensis. 
Petaloriiyxchus  being  neuter  the  specific 

names  should  be  made  to  correspond. 
Physoxemus  falcatns,  St.  John  &  Worthen 

(In  press),  Geo.  Sur.,  111.,  vol.  7,  St. 

Louis  Gr      [Sig.  scythe  shaped.] 
PxiCxEacaxthus    trigona  is,    St.    John    & 

Worthen  (In  press),  Geo.    Sur.    111., 

vol.  7,  St.  Louis  Gr.      [Sig.  trigonal.] 


:m 


PISCES. 


Pcecilodus  carbonarius,  St.  John  &  Worth- 
en  (In  press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7, 

Coal  Meas.     [Sig.  pertaining  to  coal.] 
cestriensis,   St.    John    &    Worthen  (In 

press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Kaskas- 

kia  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
convolutus,  Newberry  &   Worthen,  is  a 

syn.  for  Chitonodus  rugosus. 
ornatus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  syn.  for 

Chitonodus  rugosus. 
springeri,  St.  John  &  Worthen  In  press), 

Geo.    Sur.   111.,   vol.   7,  Low.   Carb. 

[Ety.  proper  name.] 
stludovici,   St     John    &    Worthen    (In 

press),    Geo.   Sur.   111.,    vol.    7,    St. 

Louis  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
varsoviensis,   St.  John  &  Worthen    (In 

press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Warsaw 

Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
wortheni,  St.  John  (In  press),  Geo  Sur. 

111.,   vol.  7,    Kaskaskia    Gr.      [Ety. 

proper  name.] 
Psammodus  caelatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen 

(In  press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7.  St. 

Louis  Gr.     [Sig.  sculptured.) 
crassidens,    St.  John  &    Worthen    (In 

press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis 

Gr.     [Sig.  thick  tooth.] 
glyptus,  St.  Johi  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur.- 111.,  vol.  7,  Up.  Burlington 

Gr.    [Sig.  sculptured.] 
grandis,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press) 

Geo.   Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,   Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  large.] 
lovianus,    St.    John    &    Worthen     (In 

press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Burling- 
ton Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
plenus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  large] 
rhomboideus,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  syn. 

for  Sandaloclus  Isevissimus. 
semicylindricus,  Newberry   &   Worthen, 

syn.    for  Sandalodus  laevissimus. 
springeri,     St.    John    &    Worthen     (In 

press).  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Up  Bur- 
lington Gr.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
tumidus,     St.    John    &     Worthen    (In 

press),    Geo.    Sur    111  ,   vol    7,   Up. 

Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  tumid.] 
turgidus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,   vol.   7,  Keokuk  Gr. 

[Sig.  inflated.] 
Psephodus  latus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  'In 

press)  Geo   Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis 

Gr.     [Sig.  wide.] 
lunulatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7.  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

[Sig.  resembling  a  small  crescent.] 
obliquus.  St.  John&  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol    7,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  oblique  ] 
placenta.  Newberry  &  Worthen,  instead 

of  Helodus  placenta, 
symmetricus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In 

press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Kinder- 
hook  Gr.     [Sig.  symmetrical.] 
PrERiCHTHYS  canadensis,  Whiteaves,  1880, 


Am.  Jour.  Sci.  &  Arts,  3d  ser.,  vol. 
20,  Devonian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Ptekichthys    norwoodensis   is    a    syn.    for 

Macropetalichthys  rapheidolabis. 
Ptyoxodus,   Cope,    1877,  Proc.  Am.  Phil. 
Soc.     [Ety.   ptyon,    a  fan;   odous,   a 
tooth.] 
paucicristatus,  Cope,   1877,   Proc.   Am. 
Phil.     Soc.,    Permian.       [Sig.     few 
crested.] 
vinslovi.  Cope,   1876.  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.   Phil.,   Permian.      [Ety.   proper 
name.  I 
Rhadinichthys,     Traquair,     1877,     Quar. 
Jour.  Geo.  Soc.  Lond..  vol.  33,  p.  548. 
[Ety.    rhadinos,    slender;    ichthys.    a 
fish.] 
alberti  instead  of  Palaeoniscus  alberti. 
cairnsi  instead  of  Palaeoniscus  cairnsi. 
modulus,    Dawson,   1877    (Palaeoniscus 
modulus),  Can.  Nat.  and  Quar.  Jour. 
Sci.,  vol.  8,   Carboniferous.     [Sig.   a 
small  measure  ] 
Rhynchodus  excavatus,   Newberry,   1877, 
Geo.  of  Wis.,  Ham.  Gr.  [Sig.  excava- 
ted. 1 
Sandalodus    complanatus,    Newberry    & 
Worthen,  instead  of  Deltodus  com- 
planatus. 
crassus,  Newberry.  &  Worthen,  is  a  syn. 

for  S.  spatulatus. 
grandis,  Newberry  &  Worthen,  is  a  syn. 
for  S.  laevissimus. 
Sicarlus  extinctus,  Leidy,  1855,  Proc.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  7,  not  satisfactorily  de- 
fined. 
Stenacanthus  nitidus  was  defined  in  1856, 
in  the  Jour.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  3, 
and  is  from  the  Catskill  Gr. 
Stenopterodus,    St.  John  &  Worthen  (In 
press),   Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7.     [Ety. 
stenos,  narrow ;  pteron,  a  wing;  odous, 
tooth  ] 
e'ongatus,     St.    John    &    Worthen    (In 
press).  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Warsaw 
Gr.     [Sig  elongated.] 
parvulus  instead  of  Sandalodus  parvulus. 
planus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Up.  Burlington 
Gr.     [Sig.  fiat.] 
Strigilina  gurleiana,   refer  to  Janassa  gur- 

Ieiana. 
T.exiodus,  DeKoninck,  MSS.,  and  in  press 
in  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7.     [Ety.  tceiiia, 
a  ribbon;  odous,  a  tooth.] 
fasciatus  instead  of  Deltodus  fasciatus. 
obliquus,     St.    John    &    Worthen     (In 
press),   Geo.   Sur.   111.,   vol.  7,  Kas- 
kaskia Gr.     [Sig.  oblique.] 
regularis,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 
Geo.    Sur.    Ill  ,   vol.  7,    Warsaw  Gr. 
[Sig.  regular.] 
Tomodus  limitaris,   St.    John   &  Worthen 
(In    press),    Geo.    Sur.   111.,    vol.    7, 
Up.  Burlington  Gr.     [Sig.  that  is  on 
the  border.] 
Trigonodus  major.  Newberry  &  Worthen, 
is  a  syn.  for  Sandalodus  complanatus. 


KEPT  ILIA. 


323 


Vaticinodus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In 
press),  Geo.  Sur  111.,  vol.  7.  [Ety. 
vatkinus,  prophetical;  odoits,  a  tooth.] 

earbonarius,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In 
press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Coal 
Meas.     [Sig.  pertaining  to  coal.] 

discrepans,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In 
press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Up.  Bur- 
lington Gr.     [Sig.  varying.] 

lepis,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Up.  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  a  scale.]     . 

similis,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 
[Sig.  similar] 

simplex,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 
Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis  Gr. 
[Sig.  simple.] 

vetustus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 


Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Kinderhook  Gr. 

[Sig.  ancient.] 
Xystrodus  and  X.   occidentalis  were  de- 
fined in  1870,  in  Proc.  Am.  Phil.  Soc, 

vol.  11. 
bellulus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.    Sur.    111.,  vol.  7,   Coal    Meas. 

[Sig.  elegant.] 
imitatus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.   Sur.   111.,  vol.  7,  St.  Louis  Gr. 

[Sig.  imitating.] 
inconditus,    St.    John    &   Worthen  (In 

press),  Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Keokuk 

Gr.     [Sig.  irregular.] 
simplex,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Up.  Burlington 

Gr.     [Sig.  simple.] 
verus,  St.  John  &  Worthen  (In  press), 

Geo.  Sur.  111.,  vol.  7,  Kaskaskia  Gr. 

[Sig.  genuine.] 


CLASS    REPTILIA. 


Acheloma,  Cope,  1882,  Pal.  Bull.  Xo.  35. 

[Ety.  achos,  trouble ;  loma,  the  border.] 
cumminsi,  Cope,  1882,  Pal.  Bull.  Xo.  35. 

Permian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
Axisodexis,  Cope,  1882,  Pal.  Bull.  Xo.  35, 

[Ety.  anisos,  unequal;  dexios,  on  the 

right.  1 
imbricarius.  Cope,  1882,  Pal.  Bull.  Xo. 

35,    Permian.     [Sig.  having  imbrica- 
tions.] 
Arch.eobelus,  Cope,  1877,  Proc.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc.    [Ety.  archaios,  ancient ;  belos,  the 

house  itself.] 
vellicatus.  Cope,  1877,  Proc.  Am.   Phil. 

Soc,  Permian.  [Sig.  vellicated.] 
Bapiietes  and  B.  planiceps  were  defined  in 

Jour.  Geo.  Soc.  Lond.,  vol.  10. 
Bolosaurus.  Cope,  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  29. 

[VayJioIiis,  the  casting  of  teeth :  sauros, 

a  sea  fish.] 
rapidens.  Cope,  1878.  Pal.  Bull.  Xo.  29, 

Permian.-    [Sig.  rapid.] 
Striatals,  Cope,  1878.  Pal.  Bull.  Xo.  29, 

Permian.  [Sig.  striated.] 
Clepsydrops.  Cope.  1876,  Proc.  Acad.  Xat. 

Sci.     [Ety.  klepsydra,  an  hour  glass ; 

opt,  view.] 
eolletti,   Cope,   1876,    Proc.   Acad.   Xat. 

Sci.,  Permian.     [Ety.  proper  name  ] 
gigas  refer  to  Dimetrodon  gigas. 
llmbatus,    Cope,   1877,  Proc.  Am.  Phil. 

Soc,  Permian.  [Sig.  bordered.] 
natalis.   Cope,   1878,   Pal.  Bull.  Xo.  29, 

Permian.    [Sig.  natal.] 
peduneulatus,   Cope,    1876,  Proc  Aoad. 

Xat.  Sci.,  Permian.  [Sicr.  peduncula- 
ted.] 
vinslovi,  Cope,  1877,   Proc.   Am.   Phil. 

Soc,  Permian.  [Ety.  proper  name] 
Clepsysaurcs  pennsylvanicus  is  from  the 

Trias>,ic 


Cricotus,  Cope.  1876,  Proc.  Acad.  Xat.  Sci. 

[Ety.  krikotos,  ringed.] 
•  discophorus,  Cope,  1877,  Pal.  Bull.  No  26, 

Permian.  [Sig.  a  dish  benrer.J 
gibsoni,   Cope,  1877,  Pal.  Bull.  Xo.  26, 

Permian.  [Ety.  proper  name. J 
heteroclitus,    Cope,   1876.    Proc   Acad. 

Xat.  Sci.,  Permian.  [Sig.  anomalous.] 
Dexdrerpetox  obtusum.  Cope,  1868,  Proc. 

Acad.  Xat.  Sci.,  Coal  Meas.      [Sig. 

obtuse.] 
Diadectes,  Cope,  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  Xo.  29. 

[Ety.  dia,  through;  dektes,  a  biter.] 
latibuccatus,   see  Empedocles  latibucca- 

tus. 
molaris,  see  Empedocles  molaris. 
phaseolinus,  Cope,  1880,  Pal.  Bull.  Xo. 

32,    Permian.       [Sig.    resembling    a 

bean.] 
sideropelicus.  Cope,  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  Xo. 

29,    Permian.       [Sig.     having    great 

strength.] 
Dimetrodon,  Cope.  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  Xo.  29. 

[Ety.    dimeAros,    of   two    measures  ; 

odous,  tooth.] 
cruciger,  Cope,  1878,  Am.  Xat.,  Permi- 
an.    [Sig  cross  bearer.] 

gigas.  Cope,  1878  (Clepsydrops  gigas), 

Am.  Xat.,  Permian.     [Sig.  large.] 
incisivus.  Cope,  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  Xo.  29, 

Permian.     [Sig.  having  the  quality  of 

cutting  or  biting.] 
rectiformis,   Cope,  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  Xo. 

29,  Permian.     [Sig.  straight  formed.] 
semiradicatus,  Cope,  1881,   Bull.  U.  S. 

Geo.Sur.  Terr.,  vol.  6.  No.  1, Permian. 

[Sig.  half  radicated.] 
Diplocaulus,  Cope.   1877,  Pal.  Bull.  No. 

26.      [Ety.   diploos,   double  ;    kaulos, 

shaft.] 


BEPTILIA. 


Diplocaulus  magnicomis,  Cope,  1882,  Pal. 
Bull.  No.  35,   Permian.     [Sig.   large 
horned.] 
salamandroides,  Cope,  1877,  Pall.  Bull. 
No.  26,  Permian.     [Sig.  like  a  sala- 
mander.] 
Ectocyxodox,  Cope,  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  No 
29.  [Ety.  ektos,  far  from;  kunos,  dog; 
odous,  tooth.] 
aguti.  Cope,  1882,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  35,  Per- 
mian.    [Ety.  proper  name.] 
ordinatus,  Cope,  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  29, 
Permian.     [Sig.  ordinated.J 
Edaphosaurus,  Cope,  1882,  Pal.  Bull.  No. 
35.     [Ety.edaphos,  a  foundation;  sau- 
ros,  a  sea  fish.] 
pogonias,  Cope,  1882,  Pal.  Bull.  No.   35, 
Permian.     [Sig.  bearded.] 
Embolophorus,  Cope,  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  No. 
29.     [Ety.  embolos,  anything  running 
to  a  point;  phoros,  bearing.] 
fritillus,   Cope,   1878,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  29, 
Permian      [Sig.  a  dice  box.] 
Empedocees,  Cope,  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  29. 
[Ety.  proper  name.] 
alatus,    Cope,   1878,  Pal.  Bull.  No.   29. 

Permian.     [Sig.  winged.] 
Solaris,  Cope,  1880,  Pal.  Bull.,  No.  32, 

Permian.     [Sig.  a  grinder.] 
latibuccatus,     Cope.     1878     (Diadectes 
latibuccatus),     Pal.     Bull.     No.   29, 
Permian.     [Sig.  side  cheeked.] 
Epicordylus,   Cope,   1878,  Pal    Bull.  No. 
29.       [Ety.    epi,    upon;     kordylos,    a 
water  lizard.] 
erythroliticus.    Cope.    1878,    Pal.  Bull. 
No.  29,  Permian.     [Sig.  red  stone.] 
Eryops,  Cope,  1877,  Proc.  Am.  Phil.  Soc. 
[Ety.  eryos,  a  shoot;  ope,  view.] 
megacephalus.   Cope,   1877,   Proc.   Am. 
Phil.     Soc,    Permian.      [Sig.    large 
headed.] 
reticulatus,  Cope,  1881,  Am.  Naturalist,  p. 
1020,  Permian.     [Sig.  reticulated.] 
Helodectes,  Cope,  1880,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  32. 
[Ety.  helos,  a  nail;  dectes,  a  biter  ] 
isaaci.    Cope,    1880,   Pal.    Bull.    No.    32, 

Permian.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 
paridens.  Cope,  1880,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  32, 
Permian      [Sig.  equal  toothed.] 
Hyloxomus  wymani  instead  of  H.  hymani. 
Ichthycanthus,  Cope,  1877,  Pal.  Bull   No. 
24,  and  Proc.  Am.  Phil.  Soc.     [Ety. 
ichthys,  a  fish ;  kanthos,  the  corner  of 
the  eye.] 
ohioensis,  Cope,  1877.  Proc.  Am.   Phil 
Soc,  Coal  Meas.  [Ety.  proper  name] 
platypus,    Cope.  1877.  Proc  Am.  Phil. 
Soc,  Coal  Meas.    [Ety.  broad  footed.] 
Leptophractus     lineolatus,     Cope,    1877, 
Proc.    Am.    Phil.   Soc,  Coal   Meas. 
[Sig.  fine  lined.] 
Lysorophus,  Cope,  1877,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  26. 
[Ety.      lysis,    setting     free;     rophos, 
supped  up.] 
tricarinatus,  Cope,  1877,  Pal.  Bull.  No. 
26,  Permian.     [Sig.  three  oarinated.] 


Metarmosaurus.    Cope.   1878,    Pal.   Bull' 
No.  29,  p.  516. 
fossatus,  Cope,  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  29, 
Permian.     [Sig.  dug.  out.] 
Ophiacodox,  Marsh,  1878,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 
and    Arts,    3d.    ser.,    vol.    15.    [Ety; 
ophiakos,  belonging  to  serpents ;  odous, 
tooth.] 
grandis,  Marsh,  1878.  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  and 
Arts,  3d.  ser.,  vol.  15,  Permian.    [Sig.' 
grand.] 
niirus,  Marsh,  1878.  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  and 
Arts,  3d   ser.,  vol.  15,  Permian.  [Sig. 
wonderful  ] 
Paxtylus,  Cope,    1881,   Bull.    U.    S.   Geo. 
Sur.  Terr.  vol.  6,  No.  1.  [Ety.  pan,  all ; 
tylos  a  knob.  ] 
cordatus,  Cope,  1881,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geo.  Sur. 
Terr.  vol.  6,  No.  1,  Permian.     [Sig, 
cordated.] 
Pariotichus,  Cope,  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  29, 
[Ety .parios,  parian ;  tychos,a  hammer.] 
brachyops,  Cope,  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  29, 
Permian.  [Sig.  short  sighted.] 
Parioxys,   Cope.    1878,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  29. 
[Ety. para,  beside;  oxi/s,  sharp.] 
ferricolus,  Cope,  1878,  Pal   Bull.  No.  29, 
Permian.  [Sig.  iron  distaff.] 
Rhachitomus,  Cope,    1878,  Pal.  Bull.  No. 
29.  [Ety.  rachis,  bridge;  tomos,  sharp.] 
valens,   Cope,    1878,    Pal.  Bull.  No.  29, 
Permian.  [Sig.  vigorous.] 
Sauropleura  longipes,  Cope,  1874,  Trans. 
Am.  Phil.  Soc,  vol.  13,  Coal  Meas. 
[Sig.  long  footed.] 
Sphexacodox,  Marsh,  1878,  Am.  Jour.  Sci. 
and  Arts,  3d.  ser.,  vol.  15.    [Ety.  sphen, 
a  wedge ;  akis,  a  barb;  odous,  tooth.] 
ferox,  Marsh,  1878,  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  and 
Arts,  3d.  ser.,  vol.  15,  Permian.    [Sig. 
fierce.  1 
Theropleura,    Cope,  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  No. 
29.  .  [Etv.  theros,  summer;  pleura,  a 
rib.] 
obtusidens,  Cope,  1880,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  32, 
Permian.     [Sig.  having  obtuse  teeth.] 
retroversa,    Cope,    1878..  Pal    Bull.   No. 

29,  Permian.     [Sig.  turned  back.] 
triangulati,    Cope,  1878.  Pal.  Bull.  No. 

29,  Permian.     [Sig.  triangular.] 
uniformis    Cope,    1878,    Pal.    Bull.    No. 
29,  Permian.     [Sig.  uniform.] 
Trimerorhachis.  Cope,    1878,    Pal     Bull., 
No.  29,  Permian.     [Ety.  trhneres,  tri- 
partite; rachis.  a  ridge.] 
insignis,  «0pe.  1878,  Pal.  Bull.  No.  29, 
Permian.     [Sig.  marked.] 
Tuditaxus  mordax  is  a  syn.  for  Ceraterpe- 
ton  punctolineatnni. 
tabulatus.  Cope,  1877,  Proc.  Am.  Phil. 
Soc,  Coal  Meas      [Sig.  tabulated.] 
Zatrachys,  Cope,  1878.  Pal.  Bull.  No.  29. 
[Ety.  ea,  an  intensive ;  traehys, rough.] 
apicalis.  Cope.  1881,  Am.  Naturalist,  p. 

1020,  Permian.     [Sig.  apical.] 
serratus,  Cope,  1878,  Pal.  Bull.,  No.  29, 
Permian.     [Sig.  serrated.] 


OMISSION. 

Poteriocrinus  xetti.erothaxcs,  S.  A.  Miller,  1882,  Jour.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist. 
vol.  5,  Up.  Held.  Gr.     [Ety.  proper  name.] 


The  author  has  been  informed  that  Mr.  J.  M.  Clarke  has  described  a  new  genus 
and  three  new  species  of  Phillocaridae,  which  will  probably  appear  in  the  Am.  Jour. 
Sci.  &  Arts,  for  February,  1833,  viz:  Dipterocaris  pescervae,  D.  pennidsedali,  and 
D.  procne— all  from  the  Chemung. 

Prof.  E.  YV.  Claypole  says  there  is  little  or  no  classic  ground  for  printing  ce  in  the 
beginning  of  the  second  part  of  a  compound  word,  such  as  ruycestriatus.  It  should  be 
rwjistriatus.  An  exception  occurs  when  the  first  part  of  the  word  is  merely  a  prefix, 
as  in  sitbcequalis.  That  nebraskensis  should  be  written  instead  of  nebrascensis ,  as  there 
is  no  ground  for  using  the  c  instead  of  k.  And  that  the  generic  name  Chariocephalus 
should  be  written  Charitocephalus. 

Mr.  Henry  Nettleroth  has  described,  under  the  title  of  ,:  Fossil  Mollusca  of 
Kentucky,"  for  vol.  1  of  that  State,  which  is  now  in  press,  Aviculopecten  cancellatus, 
A.  concentricus,  Paracyclas  octerlonyi,  Tellinomya  striata,  Modiomorpha  charlestown- 
ensis,  Millerella  (n.  gen.)  jonesi,  Spirifera  euruteines,  var.  erecta,  S.  euruteines,  var. 
elongata,  S.  byrnesi,  S.  hobbsi,  S.  davisi,  S.  mcconathyi,  Rhynchonella  gainesi,  Eu- 
omplialus  protteri,  Cyclonema  clarki,  Cyrtoceras  hydraulicum,  Murchisonia  tubercu- 
ata,  Platyceras  nodulosum,  P.  elongatum,  P.  compressnm,  and  Orthis  goodwini,  from 
the  Devonian  formation;  and  Spirifera  knotti,  Pentamerella  schwartzi,  Rhynchonella 
compressa,  Pentamerus  foggi,  P.  trigonalis,  P.  louisvillensis,  and  Stricklandia  louis- 
villensis,  from  the  Niagara  Group;  and  Cypricardites  halli,  from  the  Hudson  River 
Group. 


INDEX    OF   GENERA. 


In  addition  to  indexing  the  Genera  in  the  whole  work,  the  gender  of  each  genus  is 
designated — m,  for  masculine ;  /,  feminine ;  n,  neuter. 


PAGE. 

Acambona,  /. 103 

Acanthaspis,  / 227 

Acanthocladia,  / 289 

Acanthograptus,  m..         2^62 

Acantholepis,  / 227 

Acantholoma 208 

Aeanthophyton,  n    21 

Acanthotelson,  n 208 

Acervularia,  / 46,  262 

Aeheloma,  n ...  323 

Acidaspis,  / 208,  316 

Aclis 143,  300 

Aclisina,/ 300 

Acondylacanthus,  m227,  319 

Acrocrinus,  m 66-279 

Acroculia 143 

Acrolepis. /. 227 

Acrophyllum,  n 46,  262 

Acrotre'ta,  /. 103 

Actinoceras,  n. .    ...  165,  305 

Actinocrinus,  m 66,  279 

Actinodesma,  n 180,  309 

Aegilops     103,  294 

Agaricia 46 

Agaricocrinus,  m  . .  .69,  279 

Agassiehthys .  227 

Agassizocrinus,  m  . .  .69,  279 

Agassizodus,  m    228 

Agelacrinus,  m 69,  279 

Aglaspie,  f 209,  316 

Agnostus,  m 209,  316 

Agraulos,  m     209,316 

Alecto 95,  289 

Alethopteris,  /. 21,  248 

Allagecrinus,"  m 279 

Alloprosallocrinus,  m  70,  279 

Allorisma,  n 180,  309 

Alveolites,  m 46,  262 

Amacanthus,  m 228,  319 

Amblypterus,  m    228 

Ambocoelia,  f. 103 

Ambonyehia",  / 181,  309 

Ammonites  305 

Ampheristocrinus,  m.. .  .279 

Amphibamus,  m 240 

Amphicoelia,  /. 181 

Amphigenia,  / 104 

Amphion,  m 209 

Amphipeltis,  / 209,  316 

Amphoracrinus,  in..  .70,  279 
Amplexopora,  /. 289 


PAGE. 

Amplexus,  m  . .  .46,  243,  262 

Ampullaria 143 

Ampyx,  m 209 

Amygdalocystites,m.  70,  279 

Anaclitacanthus,  m 228 

Anartbrocanna, ). 22 

Anastrophia,  /. .    ...  104,  294 

Anatina,  /.   181,  309 

Ancyrocrinus,  m 70 

Aneimites,  m 22 

Angellum,  n 309 

Anisodexis,  m 323 

Anisophvllum,  n  .  ...        262 

Annularia,  /. 22,  248 

Anodontopsis,  /. 182 

Anomalocrinus,  m.  .  .70,  279 
Anomalocystites,  m    70,  279 

Anomalodonta,  / 182 

Anomaloides 280 

Anomia 104 

Anomites 104 

Anomphalus,  m 143 

Anopolenus,  m 209 

Antholithes,  m 22,248 

Anthophyllum,  n.   46 

Anthracerpes,  m 224 

Anthracomya,/ 182 

Anthraconectes,  m  209 

Anthracopakemon,  m..     210 
Anthracoptera,  /..  ..182,  309 

Anthracopupa,  / 300 

Anthracosia,  /   182 

Antliodus,  m 228 

Apedodus,  m 228 

Aphlebia./. 248 

Apiocystites,  m 70 

Arabellites,  m 313 

Arachnocrinus,  m  . ..     .   280 
Arachnophyllum,  n.    . .   262 

Araucarites,  m 22 

Area 182,  309 

Archaeobelus,  m 323 

Archaeocaris,  / 210 

Archaeocidaris,  f. . .  .70,  280 

Archseocrinus,  m 2S0 

Archaeopteris,/.  ...  .22,  248 

Archegogryllus,  m 225 

Archaeocyathellus,  m...  .260 

Archaeocyathus,  »i 42 

Arcbimedes,  m 95 

Archimedipora 95 


PAGE. 

Archimylacris,/ 225,  319 

Architarbus,  n  224 

Archiulus,  m 224 

Arctinurus  316 

Arenicolites,  m 206 

Arges,  m 210,  316 

Arionellus,  m. 210,316 

Aristophycus 248 

Arthraria,  /. 22 

Arthroclema,  n 95,  289 

Arthrolycosa,  /. 224 

Arthronema,  n 289 

Arthrophycus,  n. 23 

Arthrostigma,  n 23 

Artisia,  / 23 

Asaphiscus  210 

Asaphoidichnus,  m 316 

Asaphus,  m 210,316 

Ascoceras,  n 165 

Ascodictyon,  n 289 

Asolanus  .   248 

Aspidella,  / 141 

Aspidichthys,  m 228 

Aspidocrinus,  m    71 

Aspidodus,  m 228 

Asplenites,  m 23 

Astarte,  f.   182 

Astartella,  / 182,309 

Asteracanthus,  m 228 

Asterias 71 

Asterocarpus,  m 23 

Asterocrinus     71 

Asterophycus,  n.     . .  23,  248 
Asterophyllites,  m.  .  .23,  248 

Asteropteris,  /.    248 

Asteropty chins,  m.  .228,  320 

Asterosteus,  m 228 

Astrma 46,262 

Astrgeophyllum,  n 262 

Astraeospongia,  / 42 

Antrios 71 

Astrocerium,  n 47 

Astroconia,  n. 260 

Astrocrinites 71 

Astylospongia,  /  ...  .42,  260 

Atactopora,  / 289 

Ataxocrinus     71 

Ateleocystites,  m 71 

Athyris,  / 104,294 

Atops,/ 211,  316 

Atrypa,  /' 105,  294 


INDEX    OF    GENERA. 


PAGE. 

Aulacophyllum,  n 262 

Aulocopina,  / 42 

Aulophyllum,  n 47 

Aulopora,  / 47,  64,  263 

Aulosteges,  m    106 

Avicula,/ 182,309 

Aviculopecten,  m.  .  184,  310 

Aviculopinna,  /. 185 

Axinura 47 

Axinus  .  ■    .  .  185 

Axophyllum,  n    47,  64 

Bactrites,  in 305 

Baiera.  f 248 

Bakevellia,/ 185 

Balanocrinus 71 

Baphetes,  m 240,  323 

Barrandia 211 

Barycrinus,  m  ...... .71,  280 

Baryphyllum,  n  ...  .47,  263 

Batacanthus,  m 228,  320 

Bathyeheilodue,  m 229 

Bathynotus,  m 211 

Bathyurellus.  m 211 

Bathyurus,  m 211,  316 

Batocrinus,  m 71,  280 

Batostoma,  n 289 

Batostomella,  / 289 

Beatricea,  /. . .  .165,  260,  305 

Bechera,  / 23 

Beinertia, /. 23 

Belemnocrinus,  in  72,  94,  280 

Belinurus, 212 

Bellerophon,  m 143,  300 

Berenicea,  / 289 

Bergeria, 248 

Beyrichia,/ 212,  316 

Blastoidocrinus,  m  72 

Blastophycus,  n 249 

Blattina,  / 225 

Blothrophyllum,  n..47,  263 

Blumenbachium 42 

Bolboporites,  m 47 

Bolosaurus,  m 323 

Bornia,/ 249 

Botryllopora,  / 96 

Brachiocrinus,  m     72 

Brachiospongia,  / 42,  64 

Brachydectes,  m 240 

Brachymerus 106 

Brachyphyllum,  n. .  .23,  249 

Brachyprion 107 

Brongniartia 212 

Bronteus,  m 212,  316 

Bruckmannia 249 

Bucanella,  / 145 

Bucania,/ 145,  300 

Bulime.Ua 145 

Bulimorpha,  / 301 

Bumastus  212 

Bursacrinus,  in 72 

Butiiograptiis,  m 47 

Buthotrephis,/    .    ..23,249 

Bythiacanthus,  m 229 

Bythopora,/ 2S9 

Gacabocrinus 72 

Calamites,  m 24,  249 

Calamocladus,  in.   . .  24 

Calamodendron,  it. .  .24,  249 


PAGE. 

Calamophycus,  n 249 

Calamopora 47,  263 

Calamostachy s,  in 249 

Calapoecia,  /. 47 

Calathium,  n 43 

Calathocrinus . 72 

Calcarina, /. 260 

Calceocrinug,  m  .    ..   72,280 

Calceola.  / 107,  263,  295 

Caleisphaera,  / 260 

Callipteridium,  n 249 

Callipteris,  / 24,  249 

Callocystites,  m 73 

Callograptus,  m 47,  263 

Callonema,  n 301 

Callopora,/. 96,  289 

Calophyllum,  n 263 

Calopodus,  m .229 

Calymene,/ 213,  316 

Calvptograptus,  m 264 

Caiiiarella,  /. 107,  295 

Camarium,  n.. 107 

Camaroceras,  n 165 

Camarophoria,  /  . . .  107,  295 

Campanulites.   73 

Campophyllum,  n  . .   48,  64 

Caninia ..         48 

Cannapora,  / 48,  264 

Capulus,  m 146 

Carabocrinus,  m.. 73 

Carbonarca.  /. 185 

Carcharopsis,  /. 229 

Cardinia,/. .      .         185,310 
Cardiocarpon,  n.   ..24,  249 

Cardiola,/. 186,  310 

Cardiomorpha,  /        186,  310 

Cardiopsis,/ 186,  310 

Cardiopteris,  / 249 

Cardiuin,  n 186,  310 

Carinaropsi6,/ 146 

Carinopora,  / 96 

Carpolitbes,  m 25,  250 

Oryocrinus,  m 73 

Caryocystites 73 

Caryophi/llia 264 

Catenipora . .  .48,  264 

Casuarinites 250 

Catillocrinus,  m 73 

Catopterus, 229,  320 

Caulerpites,  m 25,  250 

Caulopteris,  /. 25,  250 

Caunopora,  / 48 

Celluloxylon,  n. 250 

Centrocrinus 280 

Centronella,  / 107,  295 

Cephalaspis,  / 229 

Cerainopora,  /.     ...   96,  290  i 

Ceraterpeton,  n 240 

Ceratiocaris,  / 213,  316 

Ceratocephala 213 

Ceraurus,  m  213,  316  [ 

Ceriopora,  /. 96  i 

Chaenocardia,  /. 186 

Chaenomya,  /. 186,  310  \ 

Chaetetes,  m 48,264! 

Chariocephalus,  m.  .214,  316 

Charionella 108  j 

Cheirocrinus 73  I 


PAGE. 

Cheirodus,  m 229 

Cheirotherium,  n 210 

Cheit-urus 214 

Chemnitzia,  / 146,  301 

Chiton,  m 141,  301 

Chitonodus,  ra 320 

Chloephycus 250 

Cholodus,  m 229 

Chomatodus,  m 229 

Chondrites,  m. 25,  250 

Chonetes,  m 108.295 

Chonograptus,  m 48,  64 

Chonophvllum,  n  48,  64,  264 

Chonostegites 48,  264 

Chrestotes,  /. ..225 

Cimitaria,  f.  187 

UladoduB,  m 229,  320 

Cladogvaptus,  m.. 49 

CladopoiM,/. 49,64,264 

Clatfaroccelia,  f. 299 

Clathropora.  /. 96,290 

Cleidophorue,  m  . .   187,  310 

Cleiocrinus,  m 73 

Clepsydrops,  / 323 

Clepsysaurus,  m. . .  .240,  323 

Cliinactichnites,  in 214 

Climacograptus,  m 49 

Climacodus,  m 230 

Clinopistha,  /. 187 

Clioderma 141 

Clisiophyllum,  n.  ...49,  265 

Clisospira,/ 146,301 

Clonopora,  / 290 

Closterocrinus,  m 73 

Chi, iii-iiia.. 165 

Cnemidium,  n 43,  64 

Coccocrinus,  m 73 

Coccosteus,  m 230 

L'ochliodus,  m 230,320 

CocjTtinus,  m.,   240 

Codaster,  m 73,  280 

Codonites.  m 74,  280 

Coelacanthus,  in 230 

Coeliocrinus,  in  ....   74,  280 

Coelocrinus,  in.   74 

Ccelospira,  / 109 

Coenites    265 

Coleolus,  in 299 

Coleoprion,  m  141,  299 

Collettosaurus,  m 240 

Colosteus,  in 240 

Colpocaris 214 

Colpoceras,  n 165,  305 

Columnaria,  /      ...  49,  265 

Colnmnopora,  /. 49,  265 

Coinarocystites,  m  .  .74,  281 

Combophyllum,  n 49 

Compsacanthus,  n 231 

Conchicolites,  m. . .  .206,  313 

Conchiopsis..     231 

Conchodus,  m 231 

Conchopeltis,  / 146 

C'lniliti's .165 

Conocardium,  n        187,  310 
Conocephalites,  in.  .214,  316 

Vonocephalua 214 

Conoceras,  n. 1 65 

Conocoiyphe,  / 214 


INDEX  OF  GENERA. 


329 


PAGE. 

ConocriuuB 74 

Conophyllum 50 

Conopterium,  n 43 

Conostichus,  m 25,  250 

Gonotubularia 165 

Conttisllaria 50 

Conularia,/ 141,  299 

Gonulites 165 

Copodus,  m 320 

Cordaianthus.  m 250 

Cordaicarpus,  m 250 

Cordaistrobus,  m 250 

Cordaites,  m.  .25,  250 

Cordvlocrinus,  m...  .         281 

Conmlites,  m 206,  313 

Coronocrinus,  in 74 

Coscinium,  n 96 

Coscinopora 43 

Cotyledonocrinus,  m 74 

Crania,/.        109,  295 

Cm -podophyllum,  n 265 

Crateripora 290 

Crematopteris,  /. 25 

Crepicephalus,  m.  ...215,  317 

Crepidophyllvm 265 

Crieotus,  m 323 

Crinocystites,  m 74 

Crinotoma 281 

Crisina,  / 290 

Cromyocrinus,  m.    ..    .   281 

rrrinites  74 

Cruziana,  / 26 

Cryphceus . .   215 

Cryptoceraa 1 66 

Cryptolithus 215 

Cryptonella,  /. .   ..  109,295 

Cryptopora,  / 97 

Ctenacanthus,  m  . .   231,  320 

Ctenocrinus,  hi 74 

CtenodotUa 187 

Ctenodus,  m 231,  320 

Ctenopetalns.  m 231 

Ctenoptychius,  m.   .231,  320 

Cucullcea .188 

Cuneamya,  /. 188,  310 

Cupelkecrinu* 74 

Cupulocrinus,  m 281 

Cyathaxonia,/ 50,  265 

Cyathocrinusj  m.   ..   74,281 

Cyathophycns,  n 260 

Cyathophyllum,  n  50,  64,  265 

Cyathopora 50 

Cyathospongia,/      .   . .  260 

Cybele        ' 215 

Cffda8ter 75 

Cycloconcha,  /. 188 

Cyclocystoidea,  m    ..75,  281 
Cyclolites,  m  ...    .  50 

Cyclonema,   n  . .    .  .  146,  301 

Cyclopora.  /. 97 

Cyclopteris,'/ 26,  250 

Cyclora,  /  .../..    147,301 

Cyclostigma,  n 26,  251 

Cyclostoma 147 

Cymatodus,  m    232 

Cymoglossa,  /   ...  2.">l 

Cyphaspis   f 215 

Cypricardella,  f    ..  .188,  310 


PAGB. 

Cvpvicardia,  / 188,  310 

Cypricardinia,  /. . .  .188,  310 

Cypi-icardites,  m 188,  310 

CyrtacanthuB,  m 231 

Cvrtia,/ 110 

Cvrtina,  / 110,  295 

Cyrtocevas,  n 166,  305 

Cyrtocerina,  / 167 

Gyrtodowta 190 

Cyrtolitee,  m 147,  301 

Cyrtonella,  f , . .     301 

Cy.<ti])liyllum,  n...    .50,266 

Cystocrinus,  m 75 

Cystodictya,  / 290 

Cystopora,  / 290 

Cyetostvlus,  m 267 

Cvthere,  f 215,  317 

Cy therelllna,  / 317 

Cytherina,  / 215 

Cytherodon,  m 190 

(  yllH-ropsis,  / 215,  317 

CytocrinuB,  m  76,  281 

Dactylodus,  m 232 

DactVlophycus,  n 251 

Dadoxylon,  n 26 

Dcemojwcrinites 76 

Daimania         .  215 

Dalnianites,  m 215,  317 

Danseites,  m 26,  251 

Dania,  / 267 

Dawsonella,  / 147 

Dawsonia,  / 51 

Decadactylocrinites 76 

Decadocrinus 281 

Decheni-t,/ 251 

Dekayia,/ 267 

Deltodopsis,  f. 320 

Deltodus,  m 232,  320 

Th'ltlnirls     110 

Deltoptychius,  m 321 

Dendrerpeton,  n. . .  240,  323 

Dendrocrinus,  m 76,  281 

Dendrograptus,  in.  ...51,  267 

Dendropora,  / ,51,  267 

Dentalina,/ 43 

Dentalium,  n 147,  301 

Desmiodns,  m 232 

Desmiophyllum,  n 251 

Dexiobia,/ 190,  310 

Diadectes,  m 323 

Diamesopora 97 

Dicellocephalus,  m.  216,  317 

Dichoerinus,  m 76,  282 

Dichograptus ....   51 

Dicraniscus 110 

Dicranograptus,  m    51 

Dicranophyllum,  n 251 

Dicranopofa,  / 290 

Dicranurus        . . 217 

Dictyocrinus,  m 77 

Dictyolitea 26 

Dictvonema,  n.  .  .   51,  64,  267 
Dictyophyton,  n  26,  251,  260 

Dicryopteris,  / 26 

!  Dictyoitroma,  n 52,  64 

!  Didymograptus,  m    . .    .     52 

Didymophyllum,  n.  .27,  251 

;  Dimetrodoii,  m  323 


PAGE. 

Diniehthys,  m 232 

Dinobolus,  m 110 

Dionide,  / 217 

Diorrychopora,/ 267 

Diphyphyllum,  n 52,  267 

Diplazites 27 

Dipleura 217 

Diplichnites,  m 217 

Diplocaulus,  m 323 

Diploceras,  n 168 

Diplodus,  m 232,  321 

Diplograptue,  m 52,  268 

Diplophyllum 52 

Diplostegium,  n: 27 

Diplostylus,  m 217 

Diplotrypa,  / 268,  290 

Dipterocaris,  / 325 

Dipterus,  m 232 

Discina,  / Ill,  295 

Discites,  m 168,  305 

Discolites 301 

Discophycus,  n 251 

Discophyllum,  n 52 

Discosorus,  rn 168 

Discotrypa,  / 290 

Distacodus,  m 313 

Dithyrocaris,  /   217 

Dolabra,/ 190 

Dolatocrinus,  m 77,  282 

Dolichometopus,  m 217 

Dolichopterus,  m  . .  217,  317 

Donacicrinites 77 

Dorycrinus,  m 77,  282 

Drepanacanthus,  m 232 

Drepanodus,  m 313 

Drymopora,/ 268 

Duncanella,/ 52 

Dvscritus,  m 225 

Dystactella,/ 190 

Dystactophycus,  n 251 

Dystactospongia,  / 260 

Eatonia,/ Ill 

Ecculioraphalus,  m  ..    ..147 

Echinocaris,  /. 317 

Echinocystites,  m 77 

Echinoencrinites,  m    ...  .77 

Echinognathus,  m 317 

Echinus 77 

Ectocynodon,  m 324 

Ectosteovachis,  m  . 321 

Edaphosaurus,  m 324 

Edestes,»n 233 

Edmondia,  / 190-310 

Edrioaster,  m  77 

Edriocrinus,  m 77 

Eichwaldia,/ Ill 

Elceacrinus 78 

Elasmophyllum,  n  268 

Eleutherocrinus,  m 78 

Elliptocephala 217,  317 

Elonichthys  233 

Embolophorus,  m 324 

Emmonsia,  / 52 

Erapedocles,  m.        .        324 

Eucrinurus,  m 217,  317 

Endoceras,  n 168,  305 

Endolobus 168 

Endothyra,  n 861 


330 


INDEX  OF  GEXEEA. 


Endymiou     913 

Endyniionia,  / 217  ; 

Enoploura.  f. 317  ; 

Entoliuni,  n 191 

Eoeidaris.  / 7$ 

Eoeystites,  mi 7^ 

Eodon,  m 244 

Eophyton,  n 27 

Eopteria.  191! 

Eosaurus,  m 241 

Eoeeorpius,  m  . .    . .   224.  319 

Eospongia.  / .  M 

Eotroehus.  in .  301 

Eotrophonia . .     313 

Eozoon,  h 4> 

Ephemerites,  m 
Epicordylus-,  i»    . .   .         324 
Equisetites,  m.     ...   27.  2"  1 

Equisetum .27 

Eremopteris, / 
Eretnioerinus,  m  . 
Eridophvllum,  n.. 

Eridopofa.  / .290 

Erismacanthtis,  m 23:3 

Erisoerinus,  m R    M 

Eryops.  /. .324 

Esehara.  f , 97 

Eseharopbra,  /  . . 

Estheria./         .         317 

Ethmophyllum, » S3 

Euealyptocrinus,  b.     I 

Euehasnia.  « 191 

Euehondria.  f. 191 

Eacladoerinus,  m  . .  94,  2S2 

Eugaster,  m    78 

Eulima    147 

Ewnicrotis 191 

Ennema.  » 148,  301 

Eunemacanthus,  i» 321 

Eunieites.  m 313 

Euomphalus,  m  148,  244,  301 
Eupaehverinus,  m  . 

Euphoberia,  / 224.  319 

Euproops.  f 217 

Eurvlepis.  f 233 

Eurypterus.  m  217.  31S 

Eurvthorax.  m 

Eusareus.  ■ 244,  31S 

Evactinopora,  /. . 

Exochorhynehus    . .    .191 

Faviphvllum,  » 53 

Favistella.  f.  .... 
Favorites,  >/»     53, 64, 244  26S 

Farositopora 

Fenestella.  / 97,  290 

Fenestralia,  / 

Ficoidite*    .     . 

Filicites .27.  54,  251 

Fissodus,  im 

Fistulipora.  f 54,  269 

Flab*.llari.i 27 

Flustra./       ...  .98 

Forbesdocrinus,  in    .79,  382 

Fu&ndes 27 

Fusbpira.  f ..    . 

Fusilina.  f 

Fu»us 149 

'jrtiitwN n 


PAGB. 

Gampeaeanthus,  m 

fllt»l  ■lltliMl.  m 233 

Gennmocrintos. . . 2S2 

Gerepheniera.     . 

Gervillia.  f    .   * 191 

Glaucoi  98,291 

-        168 

glimfrqp— I 54 

Glyeerites.  //* 
GlVinniataeanthns./    - 
Glyptaster.  m    ....      I      S 
Glyptoerinus,  m . .       "      ■ 
Glyptoeystites,  ■ 
Glyptodendron.  a . 
Gomphoeeras    «...  168,  305 
Goniphoeystites.  /». . .         80 
Goniasteroidoerinus,  m  .  SO 
Goniatites.  m     .        169.  306 

Gonioeeras.  ■ 170 

(t^oniocixlia . 

Goniophora,  /   193,  311 

Gtmiopteris  351 

Crordia 27 

Gorgonia.  / 98,  291 

Grammy  sia.  /.......         192 

Granatoerinns,  m. . 
Graphiocrinus,  m. 
Graptodietva 
Graptolithas.'j/i  54.  244.  MB 

Gryphorhynehus 192 

Guilielmites.  m 

Gypidola.  /.  .  .  .  112.  295 
Gvraeanthus.  m  .  .233.  321 
Gyroeeras.  n      .170,  244,  306 

Hadroerinut.  m 81 

Hadrophyllnm.  n 56.  26: » 

Haimeophvllum.  n\. 

Hallia.  f  369 

Halonia,  f   .'    1 

Haly sites',  m  56,  64.  I 

Haplocrinus.  m   SI 

Haplophlebium.  n. 

Harlauia./ 27 

Harpaeodus  m 

Harpes.  m     2IS 

Harpides,  m    

HeMcotoma.  /.   149.  301 

Heliodus.  n 

HelioUtes.  m         .  -. 

Heliophyeui.  ».  . .    . 
Heliophyllum.  »  54.  244.  269 
H  elmi  i»  thoidichtute - 

...318 

Helodectes.  in    334 

Helodu-.  233, 331 

Helopora.  /" 

Heterotrypa.  f. 

Hemerktia.  / 

Hemieosmites.  m. B 

Htmicrypturua U 

Hemic vstites,  m 81 

Hemipronites 

Hemitrypa,  /     . . 98,  391 

Heteroerinns.  m  . . . 
Heterocystites,  n»  . 
Hererodictya. 

Heterophrentii.  / ^i 

Hindsi:i 


Homerti. 
Horthol"  - 
Houghtonia      . 
Huronia. 
Hybocladodag.  m 
Hvboerinus.  m. 


PaGK. 

Hippariouyx         .   112 

Hippodophycu-. 

. 
-  i:es.  m 
Holometopas,  ;»....         2 IS 

Holopea.  f._ 

Holopella.  / 

Holoptyehias,  m  . . 

_ 
Homaloaotus,  m.  .  .   . 
Homoerinas,  *»....      -      . 
Homothettts,  ra  .... 
Homotrypa.   f.  .   . 

1  I 

I--.  ■  : 

-  - 

H 

-       -. 

iBydneeera^.  170 

-ioaocrmu-. 

Hylerpeton,  ». 241 

Hylonomus.  ■ 24". 

Hymenophy  Hate-.        ... 
Hvphasma.  a 

Hyolithellns.  m 141 

-hes.  m 141,  300 

■<     . 
- 
IohthycantliiL-?.  m  . . . 
Iohthyoerinus,  i 
Ichthyorachis.  / 

hyllum,  a.  ..   ..      .JSB 

Ilionial  f    

Ulaenurus,  m  .   . 
Hlaenas. 

Inachu*  

Inoeaaliu.  m  . 

■  HMU      

Intrapora.  .  S 

Iatriearia./    .      ....   »,  298 

Ioerinus-.  ■ 

Iphidea.  f 112 

t3,  261 
IsehArrinia. 

\Mmeirdia.'.'. 192.311 

Isoehilina.  f 21 

- 

- 

Janassa.  f 321 

^MMrria.  t         

Kaninekia.  f 112    \ 

Knlorgina.  / 11. 

Lambdoltis,  m   

Lamellipor 

Lampter«x'rinns.  m    .89 


■!■■+ 

. .  .jm 

.  -. 

...24:3 

Leiopceris.  / 

Leiorhynchu:?,  n.  . .  .113,  396 
Lepadocrinus,  ■ 


Leojthiocrinua 
Late 
Leioelema,  n. 


i\i>i:\  of  <.km;i:a. 


PAGE. 

Leperditia,/.     ...    .219.  919 

LepetopsiB,  / . .  .901 

Lepidecfafaras,  m .    .82 

Lepidesthes./ 88,  384 

82 
Lepidodendron.  i> .  . .  .28,  369 

82 

Lepidocystto,  wt. 369 

Lepidolites,  m 261 

Lepidophloios,  m. . .  .29,  359 
Lepidopbylhun,  *..  ..30,  352 
Lepidoetrobas,  ».. .  .30,  2."):} 

Lepidoxylon,  «. 2."):} 

82 

331 

LeptmuL  / 112,  396 

Leptobolas,  m    119 

.  Ii;l.  r\ 119 

Leptodaauv,  / 19:5.  311 

Leptophlu'imi,  ■ 2!) 

Leptophraetas,   m  234,241. 

321.324 

Leptopora.  / 56,  94,  370 

Lescaropteife,/. 90,  25:{ 

SOS 

Libellnla,  f. 

Lirh.-is.  „».' -- 

Liehenali.a./ 90,  999 

Lirhenoerinus,  m   .  .  .88,  981 

Lierophyeus,  n 90,  969 

Lima,  f. 199 

Lintm,  / 5<>,  270 

Limoptera,/ 199 

Lindstromia,  f 270 

Lingula./  ..'..113,244,  295 

Lin<rulella.  f US 

Lingulepis./. 115,296 

Lingulops,/ 115 

57 

Liognathus,  m    234 

Litijocnris, 318 

Lisgodu.s,  m 234 

Uatraeanthus,  m 235 

Lithentomum,  n      225 

Lithophaga,/ 193,  311 

Lithostrotion,  n..   .  .    57,  270 

Lir.uites,  m 170,  307 

Littnrina, 150 

Loftusia.  /. 261 

Lfxjanellus 220 

Loiifhorephalu.i 220 

Lonchopteris,  / 30 

Lonsdaleia.  / .  .    57 

LopAothu    ...  235 

Lophophyllum,  n  .  .  .57,  270 
Loxonema,  n...  .150.  244.  302 

Lueina,  / .193,  311 

Lumbrieonereites,  m  ...314 

Lunatipora,  / 57 

Lunulieardium,  n  .  .193,  311 

Lunulites 43 

L>jcopod!olithi>$  .  . 253 

Lyeopodites,  m  .      .31,253 

Lyellia,/ 57,270 

£|MMfl 193 

Lyrioerinua,  m 83,  284 

Lyriopeeten,  »i  193 

Lyrodesma,  n 193 


PAGK. 

Lyropora./ 99 

LfBorophm,  m  324 

Ma.li.eraeanthus.  M 235 

Maekmtrodmt 314 

Maelurea./ 150,  302 

Bfacrocbeuns,  »  151,244,302 

Ma.ro.hilina,  /' 302 

Uaorodon,  m. 194,  31 1 

Marropetalielitliys. 

Ma. -rost.-h-hv.-i.  /  .    .  .253 

Hacf  osly  luer baas,  m  88,  984 

>ra "7 

Maloeystir.es,  //* 89 

Mariaerinus.  m. 83 

Marraeaur.hus.  M      . .  235 

Marsupioerinus.  „>. 

Martinia/ 115 

Matlieria'.  /'    194 

Ma/.onia.  / 224 

Bfeeokpte,  f 235 

HeekeDa,  f  .     .. lis 

Megabwpfe,  / 220 

llegalograptag,  m 57 

Megdomus,  m  194,  311 

Megalopteris,/.  .    .  .    31,  253 

Megambonia,/ 194 

115 

Megaplu  roii.  n, 31,  253 

ra 194 

■Tegatheutomuip,  n 235 

HegfstocrfanM,  m  ...83,284 

MtHa     307 

Mekwrinas,  m 83,  284 

Mtdonir.es,  hi    84 

Menoeephalus,  m     ....  .220 

Merfete,  f lis 

Meristella./ 115,  296 

Meristina.  / 116 

.Mood  1  nod  us,  m 235 

Mespiloerinus,  m    84 

MdMBWIMM,  >ii 324 

Metoptoma,  / 151.  302 

Miamia,  f 225 

Miehelinia./  ...57,  244,  271 

Mieroeeras,  n 152,  302 

Mi.  rocvolus,  ■»» 57 

Mirrodisciis,  M 220.  318 

Mierodoma,  / 152 

JBBTWHNi 194 

Microspoiigia,  / 261 

MHItpvra         57 

Milh'ivlla.    f 325 

Milleria,/ 271 

Mitoclema,  n  292 

Modiola,/ 194 

Modiolopais,/ 195,  311 

Modiomorpha,  / 195,  31 1 

Molgophis,  in. 241 

Moiiorraterioa.  n 314 

Monograptus,  m,   .  .    57,  271 

Monom.T.dla./ 116 

Monopteria,  /     196 

Mouotis,/  . ." 196,  311 

Mnnntnipa, .. 271 

Monotrypella,  /. 292 

Montieulipora.  r'u,  271,  292 
Mundiisoida,  f  152.  244,  302 
Myallna,/ 196,311 


PAG«. 

Myelodactylus.  M,  J-l 

Mylarri.-./- 

Myrianircs.  m .'A.  IXi 

Mvrtillocrinus,  m  ..  84 

Myrilarca,/ 197,311 

Myrilus.  m 197 

NmmtHU$, 197 

Xatica 154 

^sticopeis,/ 154,  303 

N'autilus,  m 171,  307 

Xehulipora,  / 58 

Xilinh-lliil 307 

Xt'iiiagraptu.s,  m    58 

\.Miia{)odia./- 31,  253 

Nt'inatophycus,  n 31 

Nematophyllum,  n     253 

Nematoxylon,  n 31 

WtpknmUrti 31 

N't'i-.-idaviis.  ;h   314 

Nereites,  m 31,253 

Nereograptus,  m 58 

Neriopteris,  / 31 

N'curopteris,/. 31,253 

N'ieholsonia,  /     271 

\ ileus,  in 220 

Nipterocrinus,  »» 84 

Xo.losinella,  /. 261 

N'd'ggerathia",  / 32,  254 

N'ueleocrinus,  M 84 

Xueleospira,/ 116,296 

-Vuenla,  f. 197,  311 

Xueulana,  f 198,  311 

Xuedites,  »» 198,  311 

Nullipora,/. 43 

Xntbtinia 220 

Nyassa,  /' 198 

ObolellY,/ 116,296 

ohnh-llina 116 

Obolus,  m 116 

Odontocephalus 221 

Od&ntochile 221 

Odontopteria,  / 33,  254 

Oenites,  in 314 

( >e-r-i.ephalus:,  m 211 

OgTgfaL  f 221,  318 

Ol.Uiainia,  f 58 

Olenellus,  M 221,318 

Oleum,  m 221 

Oligoearpia,  / 

Oligoporus,  m 84,  284 

Olininiti's    84 

<>/ /</<■>■  inns. 284 

Ompkalotwvekus 154 

Oinplivma,/. 58,  272 

Onchus    235 

Oneocerafl,  n 172,  307 

Onycha-ter,  m 84 

OnychocriniiH,  ■».... 84,  284 

OnyelioduH,   n 235 

I  )pliia.-odon,  m 324 

Ophileta,/.. 154,  303 

Opi.stfmpte.ra 199 

Oracanthus.  m 235,  321 

Orbicula 116 

Oi-hi.uloidea,/ 296 

OrbituHteA 43 

Onnatln.-hnus.  m 303 

Ormoceras,  n 1 73 


332 


INDEX    OF    GENERA. 


PAGE. 

Ormoxylon,  n  . .    33 

Ornithichnites,  m 241 

Orodus,  m 235 

Orthacanthus,  m..    .236,  321 

Orthis,  f. 116,  296 

Orthisina, /.   120 

Orthoceras,  n   .173,  244,  307 

Orthogoniopteris,  /. 33 

Orthodesnia,  n 199,  311 

Orthonema,  n 155 

Orthonota,  f 199,  311 

Orthonotella,  / 311 

Orthonychia 155 

OrthopleuroduB,  m.  .    ..   321 

Orthostoma,  n 155 

Ortonia 206 

Ostrea 199,311 

Pachycrinus,  m, 84 

Pachydictya,  / 292 

Pachylocrinus 284 

Pachyphyllum 33 

Pachyphyllum,  ri.   59 

Pachypora,  /. :  272 

Pachypteris,  /. 33 

Palseacis,/ 43,  261 

Palaeacmasa,  / 155,  303 

Palaeanatima,  /. 199 

Palcearca 199 

Palseaster,  m 84,  284 

Palseasterina,  / 85,  285 

Palaechinus,  m 85 

Palaeobatis,  m 321 

Palaeocampa,  / 226 

Palaeocardia,  / 199 

Palseocaris,  /. 221 

Palaeochorda,  / 33,  254 

Palaeocoma,  / 85 

Palaeocrinus,  m 85 

Palaeocyclus,  m 59,  272 

Palaeocystites,  m 85 

Palseomanon.  /  .         43,  261 

Palaaoneilo,  /. 199,  311 

Palseoniscus,  m 236,  321 

Palaeopalaamon,  m.  .         318 
Palaeophycus,  n  .    . .   33,  254 

Palaeophyllum,  n 59 

Palceopteris    33 

Palasotrochis 59 

Palaeotrochus,  m  . .  .         303 

Palaeoxyris,  /. 33,  254 

Paleschara,  / 99,  292 

Palmacites, 254 

Panopoea 199 

Pantylus,  m 324 

Paolia,  / 226 

Paracyclas,  f. 199,  312 

Paradoxides,  m 221 

Pariotichus   m 324 

Parioxys,  m 324 

Parisocrinus 285 

Pasceolus,  m .43 

Patella,/. 303 

Pattersonia,  /. 261 

Pecopteris,  / 34,  254 

Pecten 200 

Pelion,  m,     241 

Peltodus,  m. 236 

Peltura 221 


PAGE. 

Pemphigaspis,/. 221 

Pentacrinites 85 

Pentagonia,  /. 120 

Pentagonites   85 

Pentamerella,  /. 120 

Pentamerus,  m 120,  296 

Pentremites,  m 85,  285 

Peplorhina,  /. 236 

Pereichocrinus 285 

Periplectrodus,  m 236 

Peripristis,  m     321 

Pernqpect^n,  m  . .  200,  312 

Peronopora,/ 272,  292 

Petalichnus,  m 309 

Petalodus,  m 236,  321 

Petalorhynchus,  n.  .237,  321 

Petigopora,  / 292 

Petraia,  /. 59 

Petraster,  m 86 

Petrodus,  m 237 

Phacops,  f\ 221 

Phaenopora,  /. 99 

Phanerotinus,  m.  . .  .155,  303 

Phoebodus,  m 237 

Phillipsia,  /.  ...221,  245,  318 

Phillipsastrea,  / 59,  272 

Philocrinus 86 

Phlegethontia,  / 241 

Pholadella,  / 200 

Pholadomya     312 

Pholidocidaris,  ?»  86 

Pholidops, /. 121 

Phraetopora,  / 292 

Phragmoceras,  n.  ...178,  309 

Phragrnolites   155 

Phragmostoma,  n.  .  .155,  303 

Phthonia,  f 200 

Phyllodictya,  /. 292 

Phyllograptus,  m  59 

Phyllopora, /. 99,292 

Phyllopteris.  /. 35 

Physetocrinus,  m     .   86,  285 
Physonemus.  m  ...237,321 

Physophycus,  n. 35,  255 

Phytolithus   35,  255 

Phytopsis,  /. 35 

Pileopsis  155,  303 

Piliolites 222 

Piloceras,  n ....  178,  309 

Pinna,/. 200,312 

Pinnopsis ...  200 

Plnnularia,  / 35 

Pisocrinus,  m 285 

Placunopsis,  / 200 

Planolites  314 

Planorbis     . .      .    155 

Plasmopora,  / 59 

Platephemera,  / 226 

Platyceras,  W...155,  245,  303 
Platyerinus,  m  .   . .   86,  285 

Platyodus.  m  237 

Platynotus 222 

Platyschisma,  it, 157 

Platyeomus,  m 237 

Platystoma,  n  .157,  245,  303 

Platystrophia 121 

Plasmopora,  /.. 59 

Plectambonites...    121 


PAGE. 

Plectostylus 157 

Pleuracanthus,  m 237 

Pleurocystites,  m 88 

Pleurodictyum,  n...  .59,  272 

Pleuronotus,  m 303 

Pleurophorus,  in 200 

Pleuroptyx, /. 241 

Pleurorhynchus ..   .     201,312 
Pleurotomaria,/.157, 245,303 

Phcatula 121 

Plumulina,  / 59,  272 

Plumulites,  m 222,  318 

Pnigeacanthus,  m..  .237,  321 

Poecilodus,  m 237,  322 

Polycronites 178 

Polydilasma 59 

Polygnathus,  m.         ...314 
Polypheraopsis./.161,245,304 

Polypora,  /. 99,  292 

Polyporites,  m 35,  255 

Polyrhizodus,  m  237 

Polyspora 255 

Porambonites,  m  ..  .121,  296 

Porcellia, /. 161,  304 

Pontes 59 

Porocrinus,  m 88,  286 

Posidonia,  / 201,312 

Posidonomya, /. .  . .  .201,  312 
Poteriocrinus,  m  88,  286,  325 

Prasopora,  /. 272,  293 

Primitia,/. 222,  318 

Prioniodus,  m 315 

Prionotus 59 

Prisconaia, /. 312 

Pri-mopora,,/ 293 

Pristicladodus,  m 238 

Pristodus,  m 238 

Procteria,  /. 272 

Productella,  f. 121 

Productus,  m    122,  245,  296 

Proetus,  m 222,  318 

Promacrus,  m  201 

Protaraea,  f 60 

Protaster,  m. 89,  287 

Protasterina 287 

Prothvris,/. 201 

Protiehnites,  m 222,  319 

Protoblechnum,  n 255 

Protocyathus,  m 261 

Protoscolex,  m 315 

Protostigma,  /     255 

Prototaxites,  m 35 

Psammodus,  m 238,  322 

Psaronius,  m 35 

Psephodus,  m 238,  322 

Pseudoci-ania,  /. 124 

Psetidomonotis,  /..  201,  312 

Pseudopecopteris,  /. 255 

Psilophyton,  n 35,  256 

Pterichthys,  m..V  .  238,  322 

Pterinea,  f    201,  312 

Pteroceptialia,  / 319 

Pieronautilus,  m 178 

Pteronitella,  / 202 

Pteronites,  m 202,  312 

Pterotheca,  / 142 

Pterotoerinus.  rn  ...  .89,  287 
Pterygotus,  m 223,  319 


INDEX    OF    GENERA. 


333 


PAGE. 

Pilocarpus,  m 35,  256 

Ptilodictya,  / 100,  293 

Ptilograptus,  m 60,  272 

Ptilonaster 89 

Ptilophyton 256 

Ptilopora  / 100 

Ptychaspis,  / 223,  319 

Ptvchodesma.  re    . .   202,  312 
Ptychophyllurn,  n  .  ..60,  272 

Ptyctodus,  to 238 

Ptyonius,  to 241 

Ptyonodus,  in 322 

Pugiunculus 142 

Pupa,/ 162,  304 

Pvanomva,  / 312 

Pygopterus,  to  .. ■ .    .  .238,  241 

Pygorhynchus,  re 89 

Pyrenomoeus,  m ...         .202 
Quenstedtia    . .   ..60,  245,  272 

Ramipora,/ 293 

Baniceps  241 

Raphistoma,  re 162,  304 

Rastrites,  f» 60 

Receptaculites,  m     .  43,  261 

Remopleurides,  in 223 

Rensseheria,  / 124,  297 

Retepora,  / 100,  293 

Retiocrinus,  to 90,  287 

Retiograptus,  m . 60 

Retiolites,  m 60 

Retzia.  /. 124,  297 

Rhabdaria,  /. 44 

Bhabdichnites 223 

Rhabdocarpus,  to.  . .  .36,  256 

Rhachiopteris,  / 36,  256 

Rhachitomus,  to 324 

Rhaelmra.  f 319 

Rbacopbyl'lum,  n  . .  .36,  256 
Rbadinichthys,  to      . .    .322 

Rhinidictya./ 293 

Rbinipora,  f 100 

Rhizodus,  to   238 

Rhizograptus,  m .272 

Bhizolithes 36 

Rhizomopteris,  /. 36 

Rhizomorpha.  / 257 

Rhodocrinus,  m  .  ...     90,  287 

Rbombopora,  / 60 

Rhvnehodus.  in 238,  322 

Rbynchonella,  / 125,  297 

Bhynchospira 128,  297 

Rhynchotreta,  / 297 

Hh'innliolus       . 128 

Ribeiria,  / 44 

Binmlus      238 

Romingeria,  / 272 

Bnpalonaria .  .293 

Rotalia,  f 44,261 

Rotella,/ 304 

Botularia     36 

Rueichnites,  m 223,  319 

Rusophycus,  n  ...  .r  .36,  257 

Saccammina,  / 261 

Saceocrinus    to.  ... .90,  287 

Saeriebnites,  m 178 

Saqenaria 36 

Sabnella.  / 100,  293 

Salterella,  /. 206 


PAGE. 

Sandalodus,  m 238,  322 

Sanguinolaria,  / 202,  312 

Sanguiuolites,  to  . .  .202,  312 

Saportaea,  / » 257 

Sarcinula.  / 60,272 

Sauripteris 238 

Sauropleura,  / 241,  324 

Sauropus,  m. 241 

SccBvogyra,  / ...  304 

Scalaripora,  /  293 

Scalites,  m.  ' 162 

Scaphiocrinus,  m 91,  287 

Scenella,/ 142 

Scenellopora,  / 293 

Schaenaster,  m 91 

Schizocrania,  / 128 

Schizocrinus,  m  91 

Schizodus,  m 203,  312 

Schizopteris 36 

Schutzia,  /. : 36,  257 

Scolithus,  to..  .    .36,  257,  315 
Scolopendrites,  to  .  .   36,  257 

Scyphia 44 

Scyphocrinus,  to 91,  287 

Scytalocrinus 287 

Sedgwickia,  /. 203,  312 

Selaginites,  to 36,257 

Selenoides 44 

Semicoscinium,  n 101 

Serpula,  / 206,  315 

Serpulites,  to.. 206 

Septopora,  / 101 

Shumardia,  /. 223 

Sicarius 322 

Sidemina 309 

Sigillaria.  / 37,  257 

Sigillarioides,  m 38,  258 

Siphonia 44 

Skenidium,  n 128 

Smithia,/. 60,272 

Solenoula,  /. 258 

Solarium     162 

Solemya 204 

Solen   m 204 

Soleniscus,  m .162,  304 

Snlenocaris     .    223 

Solenocheilus,  n 178 

Solenoraya,  /. 204 

Solenopleura,  f.  . .   223,  319 

Solenopsis,/ 204 

Solenoula,/    258 

Sorocladus,  to 258 

Spathiocaris,  / 319 

Spatiopora,/ 293 

Sphaerexochus,  to 223 

Sphaerocoryphe,  f. 223 

Sphcerocrinus     91 

Sphaerocystites,  to  91 

Sphaerolites,  in 60 

Sphenacodon,  in 324 

Spbenophyllum,  re.. .  38,  258 

Sphenopterie,  / 38,  258 

Sphenopterium 44 

Sphenotballus,  in 39 

Spheropezium,  re     242 

Spirangium,  n. 259 

Spirifera./ 128,297 

Spiriferina,  / 133,  29S 


PAGE. 

Spirigera... 133 

Spirophyton,  re 39,  259 

Spirorbis,  to 207,  315 

Spirula 178 

Spongia 44 

Sporangites,  to 39,  259 

Sporocystis,  to 259 

Staphylopteris,  /. 39,  259 

Staurocepbalites,  to 315 

Staurograptus,  to 60 

Steganocrinus,  to 91,  287 

Stellipora,  /. 60,  272 

Stemmatodus,  to 239 

Stemmatopteris,  /. 259 

Stenacanthus,  to 239,  322 

Stenaster,  to 91 

Stenopora,  /. 60 

Stenopterodus,  to 322 

Stenoschisma,  re 133 

Stenotheca,  /. 142 

Stephanocrinus,  to... 92,  287 

Stereocrinus,  m 287 

Sternbergia,/ 39 

Stictopora,  / 101,  293 

Stictoporella 293 

Stigmaria.  /. 40,  259 

Stigmarioides,  to 40,  259 

Stomatopora,  / 294 

Straparollina,  f. 162 

Straparollus,  to 162,  304 

Streblopteria,  /. 204 

Strephodes 272 

Streptaxis,  m 163 

Streptelasma,  re.  61,  245,  272 

Streptoceras,  a 178 

Streptorhynchus,  re..  134,  298 
Striatopora,  /  . .   61,  245,  273 

Stricklandia 134 

Stricklandinia,  f 134,  298 

Strigilina 322 

Strobiiocystites,  to 92 

Strobilus 259 

Stromatocerium  re  61, 261,  273 
Strom  ntopora,  /.  .61,  261,  273 

Strombodes,  m 62,  273 

Strophalosia,  / 135,  298 

Stropbites,  to  304 

Stropbodonta,  / 135,  298 

Stropbomena,  / 136,  299 

Stropbonella,  / 299 

Strophostylus,  to  . .   163,  304 

Strotocrinus,  to 92,  288 

Stvlastrea,  / 273 

Stylifer 163 

Styliola./. 300 

Subulite-,  m 163,  304 

Synbathocrinus,  m.  ..92,  288 

Synocladia,  /. 101,  294 

Syntrielasma,  re 138 

Syringocrinus,  to 92 

Syringodendron,  re... 40,  259 

Syringolites,  to 273 

Syringopora,  / 62,  273 

Syringostroma,  re 62 

Syringotbyris,  /  . .   138,  299 

Syringoxylon,  re 40 

Taeniaster,  m 92,  288 

Taeniodue,  in  322 


334 


INDEX  OF  GENERA. 


PAGE. 

Taeniophyllum,  n 259 

Tseniopora,  / 101 

Taeniopteris,  / 40,  259 

Talarocrinus,  in 288 

Tanaodus,  in 239 

Taonurus,  m 259 

Taxocrinus,  in.    92,  288 

Technocrinus,  in 92 

Teleiocrinus 288 

Telephus,  m 223 

Tellina 204 

Tellinomya,  / 204,  312 

Tellinopsis,  J 205 

Temnocheilus,  n 178 

Tentaculites,  in  ....  142,  300 

Terataspis,  / 223 

Teratichnus,  in 309 

Terebratula,/...138,  245,  299 

TerebratuliUs 139 

Termes,  in 319 

Tetradium,  n 62 

Tetragraptus,  m  62 

Textilaria. 261 

Thaleops,/. 223 

Thallistigma,  n 294 

Thamniscus,  in 101,  294 

Thamnograptus,  m..  .63,  273 

Thamnopora,  f 294 

Theca,/ 142,300 

Thecia,  /. ..63 

Thecostegites,  m 63 

Thenaropus,  m        242 

Theropleura,  / 324 

Thrinacodue,  in 239 

Thyrsidium,  n  242 


PAGE. 

Thysanocrinus,  m 93 

Tomodus,  m         322 

Trachomatichnus.  in.        309 

Trachydomia,  n 163 

Trachypora,/ 63,  273 

Trachyum,  ......  .  .44 

Tremanotus 164,  304 

Trematis,/. 139,  299 

Trematoceras,  n 309 

Trematocrinus 93 

Trematodiscus,  m..  .179,  309 
Trematopora,/..  .  101,294 
Trematospira,  f...  .  .139,  299 
Triarthrella, /.     ...         223 

Triarthrus,  m. 223,  319 

Trichomanites,  m 40 

Trichophycus,  n 260 

Trichospongia,  /. 44 

Trigonocarpum,  n...  .40,  260 

Trigonodus,  m 239,  322 

Trigonotreta,  / 139 

Trimerella,/ 139 

Trimerorhachis,  /. 324~ 

Trirnerus .  .  223 

Trinucleus.  m 223,319 

Triphyllopteris,  /. 260 

Triplesia 140,  299 

Trochita,/. 164,  304 

Trochoceras,  »..  . .   179,  309 

Trochonema,  n 164,  304 

Trocholites,  m 179,  309 

Trochophyllum,  ?i41,  260  273 

Trochus 164 

Troostocrinus,  m 288 

Tropidoleptus,  m 140 


PAGE. 

Tubipora,  / 63 

Tuditanus,'  m 242,  324 

Turbo,  m 164,  304 

Turbonilla 164 

Turritella,  / 164,  304 

Ulodendron,  n 41,  260 

Ungulina ....  205 

Unto 312 

Uphanttenia, /.   .41,260,261 

Valvulina,/. 261 

Vanuxemia,  / 205,  312 

Vasocrinus,  m 93,  288 

Vaticinodus,  m 323 

Venustodus,  m  239 

Vermipora,  /. 63 

Vesicularia.'/ 63 

Vitulina,  / 140 

Walchia,  f. 41,  260 

Walcottia,  /. 315 

Waldheimia,  f. 140 

Whittlesey  a, '/. 41,  260 

Xenocrinus,  m 288 

Xenoneura,  /. 226 

Xenopbora,  /. 164 

Xylobius,  m   224 

Xystracanthus,  m 239 

Xystrodus,  m 239,  323 

Yoldia,/. 205,  312 

Zamites,  in 41,  260 

Zaphrentis,  / 63,  245,  273 

Zatrachys,  n 324 

Zeaerinus,  m 93,  288 

Zonites,  m 162 

Zygospira,  / 140,  499 


/^72- 


